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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:12,710 --> 00:00:17,710 The French working class won't politically unite 2 00:00:17,835 --> 00:00:20,085 nor go to the barricades 3 00:00:20,335 --> 00:00:23,835 just for a 12% rise in wages. 4 00:00:24,710 --> 00:00:28,460 In the foreseeable future, there will be 5 00:00:28,585 --> 00:00:31,835 no capitalist crisis great enough 6 00:00:31,960 --> 00:00:36,460 for the workers to fight for their vital interests 7 00:00:36,710 --> 00:00:39,335 by a general revolutionary strike 8 00:00:39,543 --> 00:00:41,335 or an armed revolt. 9 00:00:43,293 --> 00:00:48,585 Moreover, the bourgeoisie will never give up power without a fight 10 00:00:48,793 --> 00:00:53,043 forced on them by the revolutionary masses. 11 00:00:53,543 --> 00:00:58,668 So the main problem for socialist tactics 12 00:00:58,835 --> 00:01:03,335 is how to create the objective and subjective conditions 13 00:01:03,543 --> 00:01:08,335 which make a mass revolutionary action possible 14 00:01:08,710 --> 00:01:15,085 and which render the use of force against the bourgeoisie feasible. 15 00:01:15,210 --> 00:01:18,085 THE 16 00:01:20,210 --> 00:01:22,085 What is a word? 17 00:01:22,335 --> 00:01:25,085 A word is what's unsaid. 18 00:01:25,710 --> 00:01:26,960 And you? 19 00:01:27,835 --> 00:01:28,960 Me? 20 00:01:30,210 --> 00:01:33,335 Both sides against the other. 21 00:01:33,460 --> 00:01:34,585 Me. 22 00:01:35,210 --> 00:01:36,460 No, you, 23 00:01:36,710 --> 00:01:39,210 who tries to tame the unforgettable 24 00:01:39,335 --> 00:01:41,335 that might surprise us. 25 00:01:42,085 --> 00:01:43,710 Myself now. 26 00:01:44,210 --> 00:01:47,585 The you of excuses and rejections. 27 00:01:48,585 --> 00:01:50,710 And us now? 28 00:01:52,335 --> 00:01:54,960 We are the words of others. 29 00:02:02,210 --> 00:02:05,335 WE SHOULD REPLACE VAGUE IDEAS WITH CLEAR IMAGES 30 00:02:05,460 --> 00:02:06,710 They know? 31 00:02:08,210 --> 00:02:09,460 No. 32 00:02:10,585 --> 00:02:12,960 Are they gone long? 33 00:02:14,543 --> 00:02:15,793 All summer. 34 00:02:15,960 --> 00:02:17,710 What do the parents do? 35 00:02:19,043 --> 00:02:21,793 They own factories or something. 36 00:02:23,585 --> 00:02:26,543 But Veronique is a close friend? 37 00:02:26,710 --> 00:02:28,210 I don't think so. 38 00:02:30,293 --> 00:02:32,168 Still, it's nice of them. 39 00:02:32,335 --> 00:02:34,835 Liberalism in militant groups 40 00:02:35,043 --> 00:02:38,293 based on collectivism is very harmful. 41 00:02:42,335 --> 00:02:45,460 Liberalism deprives the revolution 42 00:02:45,710 --> 00:02:49,210 of solid organisation and strict discipline. 43 00:02:58,918 --> 00:03:01,335 This is Radio Peking. 44 00:03:08,835 --> 00:03:12,793 During last June and July, 45 00:03:12,960 --> 00:03:15,710 when the Red Guard appeared, 46 00:03:15,918 --> 00:03:21,710 Mao was aware of their vast vitality 47 00:03:21,960 --> 00:03:25,335 and gave them his warm support. 48 00:03:26,085 --> 00:03:27,960 In a very short time, 49 00:03:28,168 --> 00:03:32,210 Red Guards were created in schools, 50 00:03:32,418 --> 00:03:34,293 in many factories 51 00:03:34,460 --> 00:03:36,543 and throughout the country. 52 00:03:37,210 --> 00:03:41,543 They became an army for the Cultural Revolution. 53 00:03:43,710 --> 00:03:46,585 THE IMPERIALISTS 54 00:03:46,835 --> 00:03:49,460 God, why have you forsaken me? 55 00:03:50,210 --> 00:03:52,460 Because I don't exist. 56 00:03:54,085 --> 00:03:56,085 This is Radio Peking. 57 00:03:59,668 --> 00:04:01,918 The cell needs a name. 58 00:04:02,585 --> 00:04:04,210 Remember Paul Nizan? 59 00:04:05,043 --> 00:04:06,543 The conspirator. 60 00:04:06,710 --> 00:04:09,043 He wrote a novel, Aden Arabia. 61 00:04:10,210 --> 00:04:11,835 Cell Aden Arabia. 62 00:04:12,085 --> 00:04:13,085 Right. 63 00:04:13,293 --> 00:04:17,835 A MINORITY WITH THE RIGHT IDEAS IS NOT A MINORITY 64 00:04:19,043 --> 00:04:21,710 - He was beaten. - By whom? 65 00:04:21,960 --> 00:04:24,710 - I'll get some water. - By whom? 66 00:04:27,585 --> 00:04:28,960 A commando. 67 00:04:30,460 --> 00:04:32,460 Hurt? Was it fascists? 68 00:04:33,335 --> 00:04:36,085 No, Communists. 69 00:04:37,210 --> 00:04:38,960 Now, right away, where? 70 00:04:39,585 --> 00:04:43,585 The meeting on the Cultural Revolution. 71 00:04:44,085 --> 00:04:47,085 The Sorbonne Marxist-Leninist group? 72 00:04:50,710 --> 00:04:53,210 I told you they were disgusting. 73 00:04:53,335 --> 00:04:56,210 An enemy attack is a good thing. 74 00:04:56,460 --> 00:05:00,460 It proves we've made a clear distinction to separate us. 75 00:05:00,710 --> 00:05:02,710 A FILM IN THE MAKING 76 00:05:02,835 --> 00:05:06,835 In her eyes are fear and innocence... 77 00:05:06,960 --> 00:05:07,960 humility. 78 00:05:08,085 --> 00:05:11,710 Not of a servant, but a friend and a woman, 79 00:05:12,585 --> 00:05:14,960 with a wide and precise mouth, 80 00:05:15,085 --> 00:05:16,710 not persuasive but loyal. 81 00:05:16,835 --> 00:05:20,960 A kind forehead willingly bending in silence. 82 00:05:21,210 --> 00:05:22,585 In all that, 83 00:05:23,710 --> 00:05:27,335 agreement can only be guessed. 84 00:05:27,835 --> 00:05:29,460 Not in pain or success... 85 00:05:29,710 --> 00:05:34,085 as if from a scattered past, something serious appeared. 86 00:05:39,835 --> 00:05:40,835 An actor? 87 00:05:42,460 --> 00:05:44,710 It's hard to say. 88 00:05:47,585 --> 00:05:49,710 Yes, yes, I'm an actor. 89 00:05:55,210 --> 00:05:58,585 I'll show you something. It's an idea of what theatre is. 90 00:06:00,585 --> 00:06:04,710 Young Chinese students demonstrated in Moscow 91 00:06:04,960 --> 00:06:08,960 and of course the Russian police beat them up. 92 00:06:09,210 --> 00:06:11,085 The next day, in protest, 93 00:06:11,335 --> 00:06:14,085 the Chinese met in front of their embassy 94 00:06:14,335 --> 00:06:17,460 with all the Western reporters. 95 00:06:17,585 --> 00:06:21,960 Guys from Life, France Soir and so on. 96 00:06:23,335 --> 00:06:25,210 And a student came up, 97 00:06:26,085 --> 00:06:29,460 his face covered with bandages 98 00:06:29,960 --> 00:06:31,460 and started yelling. 99 00:06:31,710 --> 00:06:33,960 Look what they did to me. 100 00:06:34,085 --> 00:06:36,710 Look what the dirty revisionists did. 101 00:06:37,960 --> 00:06:40,710 So the reporters rushed over 102 00:06:40,960 --> 00:06:42,585 and began taking photos 103 00:06:42,710 --> 00:06:44,460 as he removed the bandages. 104 00:06:44,710 --> 00:06:46,710 They expected a cut face, 105 00:06:46,960 --> 00:06:50,335 covered with blood or something. 106 00:06:50,460 --> 00:06:53,585 And he carefully removed his bandages 107 00:06:53,835 --> 00:06:55,960 as they took pictures. 108 00:06:56,585 --> 00:06:57,960 When they were all off, 109 00:06:58,210 --> 00:07:01,960 they realised his face was alright. 110 00:07:02,085 --> 00:07:04,585 So the reporters began yelling, 111 00:07:04,835 --> 00:07:06,835 This Chinaman's a fake. 112 00:07:07,085 --> 00:07:08,835 He's a clown, what is this? 113 00:07:09,335 --> 00:07:11,960 But they hadn't understood. 114 00:07:12,835 --> 00:07:15,585 They didn't realise it was theatre. 115 00:07:16,210 --> 00:07:17,710 Real theatre. 116 00:07:18,960 --> 00:07:20,335 Reflection on reality. 117 00:07:20,585 --> 00:07:22,210 I mean, 118 00:07:22,335 --> 00:07:24,085 like Brecht or Shakespeare. 119 00:07:26,210 --> 00:07:30,585 UNION: COMMUNIST YOUTH (MARXIST-LENINIST) 120 00:07:35,210 --> 00:07:38,835 We must be different from our parents. 121 00:07:40,585 --> 00:07:44,335 My father fought the Germans hard in the war. 122 00:07:44,585 --> 00:07:47,960 Now he runs a Club Med resort. 123 00:07:48,585 --> 00:07:50,960 A big holiday camp by the sea. 124 00:07:51,585 --> 00:07:52,960 What's terrible is 125 00:07:53,210 --> 00:07:56,585 he doesn't realise that it's made exactly 126 00:07:56,710 --> 00:08:00,835 along the lines of the concentration camps. 127 00:08:05,835 --> 00:08:07,335 A socialist theatre? 128 00:08:09,210 --> 00:08:10,710 No, I don't know. 129 00:08:12,085 --> 00:08:13,585 I'm looking. 130 00:08:17,460 --> 00:08:20,835 Yes, yes... Mao's ideas can help me. 131 00:08:23,710 --> 00:08:28,585 In any case, you need sincerity and violence. 132 00:08:33,835 --> 00:08:36,335 You're getting a kick out of this. 133 00:08:36,460 --> 00:08:39,085 Like I'm joking for the film, 134 00:08:39,335 --> 00:08:42,335 because of all the technicians here. 135 00:08:42,960 --> 00:08:44,335 But that's not it. 136 00:08:46,043 --> 00:08:48,085 It's not because of a camera. 137 00:08:48,335 --> 00:08:49,835 I'm sincere. 138 00:09:03,918 --> 00:09:06,043 Yes... in China, 139 00:09:06,210 --> 00:09:08,335 the leaps forward 140 00:09:08,460 --> 00:09:12,585 by the Peking Opera were wonderful. 141 00:09:13,543 --> 00:09:15,460 And in Europe, in France? 142 00:09:16,585 --> 00:09:20,085 In Milan, Strehler does good work. 143 00:09:20,293 --> 00:09:21,418 Yes, he has... 144 00:09:21,585 --> 00:09:26,210 There's a great Althusser text about a Brecht play... 145 00:09:27,668 --> 00:09:29,835 ...and I've made it mine. 146 00:09:31,085 --> 00:09:32,543 I turn around... 147 00:09:35,293 --> 00:09:37,585 And suddenly the question is... 148 00:09:39,418 --> 00:09:44,043 are the words I've just said, so awkwardly and blindly... 149 00:09:45,543 --> 00:09:51,460 part of a greater play continuing through me 150 00:09:52,960 --> 00:09:56,168 a worker in the world theatre. 151 00:09:56,585 --> 00:09:58,210 The sense incomplete... 152 00:10:00,210 --> 00:10:03,418 looking through and with me... 153 00:10:03,585 --> 00:10:06,960 all the actors and settings 154 00:10:07,168 --> 00:10:09,210 of the silent oration. 155 00:10:11,835 --> 00:10:13,460 That's why I'm speaking. 156 00:10:15,460 --> 00:10:16,585 Yes, that's why. 157 00:10:16,793 --> 00:10:18,585 Cut, fine. Take five. 158 00:10:22,835 --> 00:10:23,835 Go ahead. 159 00:10:29,460 --> 00:10:31,085 I'll go with Serge. 160 00:10:31,335 --> 00:10:32,793 Don't I get a kiss? 161 00:10:33,460 --> 00:10:35,668 You said we'd go see 8 1/2. 162 00:10:35,835 --> 00:10:36,793 Bye. 163 00:10:36,960 --> 00:10:38,210 It's disgusting. 164 00:10:38,418 --> 00:10:41,460 He always goes if I want him to stay. 165 00:10:44,710 --> 00:10:46,710 It's a starting point. 166 00:10:46,960 --> 00:10:48,460 Politics 167 00:10:48,835 --> 00:10:52,960 are the starting point of practical revolutionary action. 168 00:10:53,210 --> 00:10:54,210 I don't get it. 169 00:10:58,335 --> 00:10:59,960 You're too much. 170 00:11:00,918 --> 00:11:02,168 I don't understand. 171 00:11:03,085 --> 00:11:05,835 Now listen carefully, Yvonne, it's easy. 172 00:11:07,460 --> 00:11:11,918 All revolutionary party action is applied policy. 173 00:11:12,835 --> 00:11:14,835 If it's the wrong policy, 174 00:11:15,085 --> 00:11:16,668 it's the wrong politics. 175 00:11:17,793 --> 00:11:20,960 If you're unaware, you're blind. 176 00:11:22,460 --> 00:11:25,668 Why are you doing dishes, for example? 177 00:11:25,835 --> 00:11:27,210 To clean them. 178 00:11:27,460 --> 00:11:29,418 Then you've understood. 179 00:11:30,918 --> 00:11:34,085 So 1967 France is like dirty dishes. 180 00:11:34,293 --> 00:11:35,293 Yeah. 181 00:11:40,043 --> 00:11:41,668 On a farm 182 00:11:41,835 --> 00:11:43,835 near Grenoble. 183 00:11:44,710 --> 00:11:46,210 It's a small village. 184 00:11:48,043 --> 00:11:51,210 5am in summer, 7am in winter. 185 00:11:54,418 --> 00:11:57,335 Light the fire, then go to the dairy. 186 00:11:57,585 --> 00:12:01,460 My brother's meal, then the pigs, clean the stable. 187 00:12:01,668 --> 00:12:06,085 Lunch, the dishes, washing, the mending. 188 00:12:06,293 --> 00:12:09,918 Usually had no time to mend. 189 00:12:11,085 --> 00:12:15,085 In the afternoon, gather the eggs, then dinner. 190 00:12:15,335 --> 00:12:17,085 Then feed the calves. 191 00:12:17,210 --> 00:12:21,210 Light the lights in the hen-house. 192 00:12:22,793 --> 00:12:25,168 Then make yoghurt. 193 00:12:25,585 --> 00:12:30,960 Neocapitalist society won't look at its own face... 194 00:12:32,210 --> 00:12:37,335 I arrived in Paris in 1960. No, '65... 195 00:12:38,543 --> 00:12:41,460 Yes... sorry, in '64. 196 00:12:42,668 --> 00:12:46,960 Cleaning lady for three years. 197 00:12:48,335 --> 00:12:51,168 It's nice here on the top floor. 198 00:12:51,918 --> 00:12:53,835 It's well lit, airy. 199 00:12:54,085 --> 00:12:56,918 You know I worked at Passy before. 200 00:12:58,460 --> 00:13:03,085 Then at Auteuil in those big bourgeois flats 201 00:13:03,293 --> 00:13:05,835 on the first floor. 202 00:13:06,043 --> 00:13:07,418 It's always so dark. 203 00:13:07,585 --> 00:13:09,710 I had to sweep in the dark. 204 00:13:09,918 --> 00:13:12,293 Already the metro was dark. 205 00:13:12,460 --> 00:13:15,335 So I went from dark to darkness. 206 00:13:16,710 --> 00:13:17,793 Always black. 207 00:13:17,960 --> 00:13:21,960 Then back into the dark metro after work. 208 00:13:22,710 --> 00:13:27,793 Whereas here they talk and discuss. 209 00:13:27,960 --> 00:13:30,543 It's very clear for me. 210 00:13:33,168 --> 00:13:36,668 I used to talk while milking cows, 211 00:13:36,835 --> 00:13:38,460 mostly with strangers. 212 00:13:39,710 --> 00:13:44,210 In the country women are pretty lost. 213 00:13:47,335 --> 00:13:49,460 Yes, I did some prostitution. 214 00:13:50,293 --> 00:13:51,460 Nearly a year... 215 00:13:52,960 --> 00:13:56,335 over by Stalingrad where I lived, 216 00:13:56,585 --> 00:13:59,460 and then on the Champs Elysees 217 00:13:59,668 --> 00:14:03,960 after I'd bought a car with my money. 218 00:14:04,168 --> 00:14:07,418 A Fiat 850 convertible. 219 00:14:11,418 --> 00:14:13,918 When money's short, I still do it. 220 00:14:14,085 --> 00:14:18,793 When Henri can't sell Red Guard for example, 221 00:14:18,960 --> 00:14:22,210 or when Veronique can't find work teaching. 222 00:14:23,668 --> 00:14:25,918 I know it's a contradiction. 223 00:14:26,085 --> 00:14:27,835 Besides, Henri... 224 00:14:35,168 --> 00:14:36,918 ...says I'm living proof 225 00:14:37,085 --> 00:14:40,960 of the answer to the people's contradictions. 226 00:14:44,210 --> 00:14:47,210 I don't trust the Russians so much. 227 00:14:48,960 --> 00:14:51,793 When we screamed "US killers", 228 00:14:51,960 --> 00:14:54,418 all they could answer was, 229 00:14:54,585 --> 00:14:56,418 Red Guard killers. 230 00:14:56,585 --> 00:14:59,085 So I distrust them. 231 00:15:01,543 --> 00:15:03,460 Marxism-Leninism? 232 00:15:04,960 --> 00:15:06,418 Definitions. 233 00:15:09,335 --> 00:15:12,585 When the sun sets, it's all red. 234 00:15:12,835 --> 00:15:14,293 Then it disappears. 235 00:15:14,460 --> 00:15:19,085 But in my heart the sun never sets. 236 00:15:20,085 --> 00:15:23,335 Dictatorship is needed to stop thieves, 237 00:15:23,543 --> 00:15:25,960 crooks, killers, 238 00:15:26,168 --> 00:15:29,085 pyromaniacs, gangs 239 00:15:29,293 --> 00:15:33,835 and all other evil minds that upset public order. 240 00:15:38,460 --> 00:15:42,168 A Communist is frank, open-minded, devoted, 241 00:15:42,335 --> 00:15:45,585 putting the revolution before his life, 242 00:15:45,835 --> 00:15:48,210 above any personal interests. 243 00:15:48,460 --> 00:15:51,460 He must always hold to just principles 244 00:15:51,668 --> 00:15:54,835 and fight any wrong ideas or actions 245 00:15:55,085 --> 00:15:57,835 so as to help the collective Party life 246 00:15:58,043 --> 00:16:00,543 reinforcing ties with the masses. 247 00:16:00,710 --> 00:16:04,585 He will think more of the Party than the individual. 248 00:16:04,793 --> 00:16:07,418 He'll care for others more than himself. 249 00:16:07,585 --> 00:16:10,335 Then he'll deserve the name 'Communist'. 250 00:16:11,043 --> 00:16:15,168 A Communist must always ask himself why 251 00:16:15,335 --> 00:16:16,960 and think carefully 252 00:16:17,210 --> 00:16:21,335 to see if everything conforms to reality. 253 00:16:23,668 --> 00:16:27,210 A Communist is never infallible, 254 00:16:27,460 --> 00:16:29,210 should never be arrogant 255 00:16:29,460 --> 00:16:32,918 and never think things are OK only at home. 256 00:16:44,168 --> 00:16:45,960 The history of mankind 257 00:16:46,168 --> 00:16:49,043 is a continual progress from necessity 258 00:16:49,210 --> 00:16:51,335 to the reign of liberty. 259 00:16:51,710 --> 00:16:54,085 What's for Monday? 260 00:16:54,793 --> 00:16:56,585 Crime and politics. 261 00:17:00,543 --> 00:17:03,335 THE IMPERIALISTS ARE STILL 262 00:17:03,668 --> 00:17:09,585 The student revolutionary movement has grown. 263 00:17:10,085 --> 00:17:13,043 The white-collar revolutionary struggle 264 00:17:13,210 --> 00:17:17,418 has spread among the workers and peasants. 265 00:17:17,585 --> 00:17:19,043 This is Radio Peking. 266 00:17:19,418 --> 00:17:23,293 Comrades, that is the latest news bulletin. 267 00:17:31,960 --> 00:17:34,460 - This is Omar. - Louder. 268 00:17:34,710 --> 00:17:39,085 This is Omar, a comrade in philosophy at Nanterre. 269 00:17:40,585 --> 00:17:41,960 That's enough. 270 00:17:43,460 --> 00:17:45,335 Comrades and friends... 271 00:17:46,460 --> 00:17:50,210 In addition to his crimes and faults, 272 00:17:50,335 --> 00:17:53,085 those who blame Stalin... 273 00:17:55,335 --> 00:17:57,210 for all our deceptions, 274 00:17:57,710 --> 00:18:02,335 our mistakes and despair in any sphere. 275 00:18:02,460 --> 00:18:05,585 They might be very upset 276 00:18:05,835 --> 00:18:09,585 to realise the end of intellectual totalitarianism... 277 00:18:09,835 --> 00:18:11,960 - That's dogmatism. - If you like. 278 00:18:12,085 --> 00:18:14,585 The end of intellectual dogmatism 279 00:18:14,835 --> 00:18:16,835 hasn't given us Marxism 280 00:18:17,085 --> 00:18:19,085 in its complete form. 281 00:18:19,335 --> 00:18:22,085 After all, we can only liberate 282 00:18:22,335 --> 00:18:25,835 what already exists, even from dogmatism. 283 00:18:25,960 --> 00:18:31,085 Stalin's death meant freedom for research 284 00:18:31,335 --> 00:18:36,960 and a fever of people rushing to philosophise 285 00:18:37,210 --> 00:18:41,085 about their feelings on liberation 286 00:18:41,335 --> 00:18:43,460 and their taste for freedom. 287 00:18:50,460 --> 00:18:52,335 Stalin's death gave us 288 00:18:52,585 --> 00:18:57,085 the right to count exactly what we own. 289 00:18:57,210 --> 00:18:59,960 To call both wealth and nakedness... 290 00:19:00,085 --> 00:19:01,710 by their real names, 291 00:19:01,960 --> 00:19:04,960 to think and talk aloud about our problems 292 00:19:05,710 --> 00:19:09,210 and to undertake serious research. 293 00:19:09,460 --> 00:19:11,960 Stalin's death allowed us 294 00:19:12,210 --> 00:19:15,835 to get partially away from our provincial theories. 295 00:19:16,585 --> 00:19:21,710 To recognise and know the existence of others aside from us 296 00:19:21,960 --> 00:19:26,835 and seeing this exterior, begin to see ourselves better. 297 00:19:26,960 --> 00:19:30,210 To know the place we occupy in the knowledge 298 00:19:30,460 --> 00:19:32,210 and ignorance of Marxism 299 00:19:32,335 --> 00:19:35,960 and then begin to know ourselves. 300 00:19:38,960 --> 00:19:44,210 Today's task is simply to define, 301 00:19:44,460 --> 00:19:47,085 to face these problems in the light of day 302 00:19:47,335 --> 00:19:50,085 if we want to give some existence 303 00:19:50,210 --> 00:19:54,585 and consistency to Marxist philosophy. 304 00:19:55,085 --> 00:19:56,960 Any questions? 305 00:19:57,585 --> 00:20:00,210 Can a non-socialist revolution 306 00:20:00,460 --> 00:20:04,710 peacefully be changed into a socialist one? 307 00:20:04,960 --> 00:20:07,710 Yes, under specific conditions. 308 00:20:08,335 --> 00:20:10,085 But never can 309 00:20:10,335 --> 00:20:13,835 an absence of revolution be changed to revolution, 310 00:20:13,960 --> 00:20:18,210 nor into a socialist revolution, and even to socialism. 311 00:20:18,460 --> 00:20:21,210 No matter how you look at it, 312 00:20:21,460 --> 00:20:26,085 the road to socialism leads to revolution. 313 00:20:26,335 --> 00:20:30,585 But your question reveals a false underlying notion. 314 00:20:31,960 --> 00:20:34,085 Where do just ideas arise? 315 00:20:34,835 --> 00:20:37,210 Where do just ideas come from? 316 00:20:39,585 --> 00:20:40,710 Out of the sky. 317 00:20:42,210 --> 00:20:47,585 No, they come from social interaction, and... 318 00:20:47,710 --> 00:20:49,335 The fight to produce? 319 00:20:49,585 --> 00:20:50,460 Yes, and then... 320 00:20:56,085 --> 00:20:58,460 From scientific research. 321 00:20:59,085 --> 00:21:02,210 Yes, and what else? 322 00:21:03,835 --> 00:21:06,585 From the class struggle. 323 00:21:06,835 --> 00:21:10,835 Some classes are victorious, others defeated. 324 00:21:11,085 --> 00:21:13,085 That's history. 325 00:21:13,335 --> 00:21:16,710 The history of all civilizations. 326 00:21:17,460 --> 00:21:20,710 Will it end under proletarian dictatorship? 327 00:21:20,960 --> 00:21:23,460 No. In his speech 328 00:21:23,585 --> 00:21:25,835 to the transport workers 329 00:21:25,960 --> 00:21:27,835 on 29 March 1921, 330 00:21:28,335 --> 00:21:30,460 Lenin showed 331 00:21:30,710 --> 00:21:34,960 class struggle doesn't disappear under proletarian dictatorship. 332 00:21:35,085 --> 00:21:37,835 It takes on other forms. 333 00:21:38,710 --> 00:21:44,085 As is happening in Russia today. 334 00:21:44,210 --> 00:21:50,085 Yes, in spite of the lies of the duo, Brezhnev - Kosygin. 335 00:21:51,460 --> 00:21:54,460 Give up illusions and prepare to fight. 336 00:21:54,710 --> 00:21:57,585 This world is as much yours as ours. 337 00:21:57,835 --> 00:21:59,710 Hope lies with you. 338 00:21:59,835 --> 00:22:02,210 To work is to fight 339 00:22:02,335 --> 00:22:07,085 and you must seek truth in the facts. 340 00:22:07,335 --> 00:22:09,710 But exactly what is a fact? 341 00:22:10,710 --> 00:22:13,835 Facts are things and phenomena 342 00:22:14,085 --> 00:22:17,335 as they exist objectively. 343 00:22:17,585 --> 00:22:21,335 Truth is the link between things and phenomena. 344 00:22:21,460 --> 00:22:23,585 Which is to say the laws. 345 00:22:23,835 --> 00:22:26,210 To seek is to study. 346 00:22:26,335 --> 00:22:27,710 We must begin 347 00:22:27,960 --> 00:22:31,085 with the internal and external situation 348 00:22:31,210 --> 00:22:34,710 going from country to country. 349 00:22:34,835 --> 00:22:39,210 Sort out the laws that apply to serve as guides 350 00:22:39,460 --> 00:22:42,960 and not use our imaginations. 351 00:22:44,585 --> 00:22:47,960 Which is to say find the internal ties in events 352 00:22:48,210 --> 00:22:49,835 occurring around us. 353 00:22:49,960 --> 00:22:52,585 What made me discover Marxism? 354 00:22:52,835 --> 00:22:54,710 At first Nanterre bored me, 355 00:22:54,835 --> 00:22:57,460 because it was surrounded by slums. 356 00:22:57,585 --> 00:22:59,085 Then little by little, 357 00:22:59,210 --> 00:23:03,460 I found philosophy suited a worker's suburb. 358 00:23:11,460 --> 00:23:15,210 We and the workers lived like penned rabbits. 359 00:23:15,335 --> 00:23:17,335 But rabbits multiply. 360 00:23:18,960 --> 00:23:21,960 And in the mornings I met the Algerian children 361 00:23:22,210 --> 00:23:24,210 and the mechanics from Simca. 362 00:23:28,460 --> 00:23:30,335 Right, so... 363 00:23:30,585 --> 00:23:32,710 I thought I passed them by, 364 00:23:32,960 --> 00:23:35,335 but we stopped in the same cafes. 365 00:23:35,585 --> 00:23:37,585 We were at the station together, 366 00:23:37,835 --> 00:23:40,710 had the same rain and nearly the same work. 367 00:23:43,710 --> 00:23:46,085 That's where I understood 368 00:23:46,335 --> 00:23:49,460 the three basic inequalities of capitalism 369 00:23:49,710 --> 00:23:52,835 and especially of the Gaullist regime in France. 370 00:23:53,835 --> 00:23:58,210 No difference in intellectual and manual work 371 00:23:58,460 --> 00:24:00,335 between town and country. 372 00:24:00,460 --> 00:24:04,210 I see those here all the time. 373 00:24:04,460 --> 00:24:06,960 Third, between farming and industry. 374 00:24:07,210 --> 00:24:12,335 That also pushed me to study Marxism-Leninism. 375 00:24:13,085 --> 00:24:15,460 Seriously, if I were brave, 376 00:24:15,710 --> 00:24:19,835 I'd dynamite the Sorbonne, the Louvre, the Comédie-Française. 377 00:24:20,085 --> 00:24:21,085 Really? 378 00:24:26,210 --> 00:24:28,210 The revolution's no party. 379 00:24:28,460 --> 00:24:31,585 It's not made like a work of art. 380 00:24:31,835 --> 00:24:36,085 It can't be done with elegance and peace of mind, 381 00:24:36,210 --> 00:24:38,960 with such tenderness and manners 382 00:24:39,210 --> 00:24:41,335 with reserve and generosity. 383 00:24:41,585 --> 00:24:44,210 Revolution is a violent uprising 384 00:24:44,460 --> 00:24:47,210 when one class overthrows another. 385 00:24:47,710 --> 00:24:49,585 I'm in the philosophy class. 386 00:25:00,085 --> 00:25:02,710 I know I'm cut off from the workers. 387 00:25:02,960 --> 00:25:05,335 After all, my family are bankers. 388 00:25:05,585 --> 00:25:07,335 I've always lived with them. 389 00:25:09,960 --> 00:25:11,835 None of that's very clear. 390 00:25:12,460 --> 00:25:15,960 That's exactly why I keep on studying. 391 00:25:19,210 --> 00:25:22,835 To understand first and then to change, 392 00:25:22,960 --> 00:25:25,835 and then formulate a theory. 393 00:25:33,460 --> 00:25:36,210 For myself, for example. 394 00:25:38,335 --> 00:25:41,210 Not based on misery, but prosperity. 395 00:25:42,835 --> 00:25:44,710 Since I often profit from it. 396 00:25:46,335 --> 00:25:48,210 Even if I am ashamed of it. 397 00:25:48,460 --> 00:25:50,710 You often hear "a quick retort", 398 00:25:50,835 --> 00:25:52,960 what does that mean? 399 00:25:53,210 --> 00:25:54,585 Quick retort? 400 00:25:57,210 --> 00:26:00,085 For us it's to first eliminate exams. 401 00:26:02,335 --> 00:26:04,960 Since we learn nothing and can't copy 402 00:26:05,085 --> 00:26:06,835 and it's a kind of racism, 403 00:26:07,085 --> 00:26:10,460 since they're for full-time students 404 00:26:10,835 --> 00:26:14,710 and create anxiety and sexual frustration. 405 00:26:16,460 --> 00:26:19,085 Should books be burned? 406 00:26:20,710 --> 00:26:22,585 No, they shouldn't. 407 00:26:23,085 --> 00:26:25,335 We couldn't criticize them then. 408 00:26:25,960 --> 00:26:28,085 And youth all aflame holds nothing back. 409 00:26:28,210 --> 00:26:30,460 Hate, love, sorrow, happiness. 410 00:26:30,710 --> 00:26:32,585 It is ready to pour out its heart. 411 00:26:32,710 --> 00:26:36,335 In love like an invalid, Onéguine... 412 00:26:38,210 --> 00:26:40,460 With a serious look, Onéguine 413 00:26:40,585 --> 00:26:42,960 listened to the poet's heart 414 00:26:43,085 --> 00:26:46,335 reveal its guileless awareness. 415 00:27:05,085 --> 00:27:06,585 I want to be blind. 416 00:27:07,585 --> 00:27:08,710 Why? 417 00:27:09,835 --> 00:27:13,710 To speak to each other better. We'd listen carefully. 418 00:27:14,835 --> 00:27:16,335 Yes, how? 419 00:27:17,085 --> 00:27:19,585 We'd use language differently. 420 00:27:21,460 --> 00:27:25,085 Don't forget in 2,000 years words have changed meaning. 421 00:27:25,960 --> 00:27:27,085 So? 422 00:27:29,085 --> 00:27:32,835 So, we'd talk seriously to each other. 423 00:27:33,085 --> 00:27:34,460 Which means 424 00:27:35,335 --> 00:27:38,085 finally meanings would change words. 425 00:27:41,210 --> 00:27:42,460 Right. 426 00:27:43,210 --> 00:27:46,335 Talk as if words were sounds and matter. 427 00:27:48,585 --> 00:27:49,585 That's... 428 00:27:50,835 --> 00:27:52,960 what they are. 429 00:27:54,335 --> 00:27:55,585 Veronique. 430 00:27:57,335 --> 00:27:59,335 Right, let's try then. 431 00:28:01,835 --> 00:28:03,585 On the river bank. 432 00:28:05,585 --> 00:28:07,335 Green and blue. 433 00:28:08,335 --> 00:28:09,585 Tenderness. 434 00:28:11,585 --> 00:28:13,210 A bit of despair. 435 00:28:13,835 --> 00:28:15,335 After tomorrow. 436 00:28:15,460 --> 00:28:16,835 Maybe. 437 00:28:18,835 --> 00:28:20,585 Literary theory. 438 00:28:21,960 --> 00:28:23,835 A film by Nicolas. 439 00:28:25,085 --> 00:28:26,335 Ray. 440 00:28:27,085 --> 00:28:30,335 The Moscow trials. 441 00:28:32,835 --> 00:28:34,460 Red bird. 442 00:28:34,710 --> 00:28:35,835 Rock... 443 00:28:38,585 --> 00:28:39,960 and roll. 444 00:28:40,835 --> 00:28:42,335 Et cetera. 445 00:28:48,710 --> 00:28:50,335 You know I love you. 446 00:30:09,710 --> 00:30:11,335 The... 447 00:30:11,710 --> 00:30:12,960 theoretical... 448 00:30:13,960 --> 00:30:15,210 base... 449 00:30:15,960 --> 00:30:17,210 which... 450 00:30:17,835 --> 00:30:19,210 serves... 451 00:30:19,835 --> 00:30:21,335 as... 452 00:30:21,460 --> 00:30:22,710 a guide... 453 00:30:22,835 --> 00:30:24,085 in... 454 00:30:24,210 --> 00:30:25,460 our... 455 00:30:25,710 --> 00:30:27,210 thinking... 456 00:30:27,335 --> 00:30:28,335 is... 457 00:30:28,585 --> 00:30:29,710 Marxism... 458 00:30:30,085 --> 00:30:31,335 Leninism. 459 00:30:35,835 --> 00:30:38,710 THE IMPERIALISTS ARE STILL ALIVE 460 00:30:45,085 --> 00:30:46,835 Comrades and friends. 461 00:30:46,960 --> 00:30:48,585 Today is current events. 462 00:30:48,835 --> 00:30:51,585 We see them daily at the movies. 463 00:30:51,710 --> 00:30:56,460 There's a false idea about current events at the movies. 464 00:30:57,585 --> 00:31:00,335 They say Lumiere invented current events. 465 00:31:01,710 --> 00:31:03,585 He made documentaries. 466 00:31:03,835 --> 00:31:05,835 But there was also Melies, 467 00:31:06,085 --> 00:31:08,460 who made fiction. 468 00:31:08,585 --> 00:31:11,335 He was a dreamer filming fantasies. 469 00:31:11,710 --> 00:31:13,460 I think just the opposite. 470 00:31:13,710 --> 00:31:14,960 Prove it. 471 00:31:16,085 --> 00:31:19,585 Two days ago I saw a film by Mr Langlois, 472 00:31:19,710 --> 00:31:22,585 the director of the Cinematheque, about Lumiere. 473 00:31:22,710 --> 00:31:25,835 It proves Lumiere was a painter. 474 00:31:27,085 --> 00:31:29,585 He filmed the same things 475 00:31:29,835 --> 00:31:33,460 painters were painting at that time, 476 00:31:33,710 --> 00:31:35,835 men like Charo, Manet or Renoir. 477 00:31:36,085 --> 00:31:37,085 What did he film? 478 00:31:37,210 --> 00:31:39,835 He filmed train stations. 479 00:31:40,085 --> 00:31:42,585 He filmed public gardens, 480 00:31:42,710 --> 00:31:44,335 workers going home, 481 00:31:44,460 --> 00:31:45,710 men playing cards. 482 00:31:45,960 --> 00:31:47,085 He filmed trams. 483 00:31:47,335 --> 00:31:50,085 One of the last great Impressionists? 484 00:31:50,335 --> 00:31:53,460 Exactly, a contemporary of Proust. 485 00:31:53,710 --> 00:31:55,960 So Melies did the same thing. 486 00:31:56,210 --> 00:31:59,210 No, what was Melies doing at that time? 487 00:31:59,460 --> 00:32:01,835 He filmed a trip to the moon. 488 00:32:02,085 --> 00:32:06,335 Melies filmed 489 00:32:06,460 --> 00:32:10,085 the King of Yugoslavia's visit to President Fallieres. 490 00:32:10,210 --> 00:32:11,835 And now in perspective, 491 00:32:12,085 --> 00:32:15,335 we realise those were the current events. 492 00:32:15,460 --> 00:32:17,460 No kidding, it's true. 493 00:32:18,210 --> 00:32:22,835 He made current events. They were re-enacted, alright. 494 00:32:23,085 --> 00:32:25,085 Yet they were the real events. 495 00:32:25,335 --> 00:32:27,835 I'd even say Melies was like Brecht. 496 00:32:28,960 --> 00:32:30,835 We mustn't forget that. 497 00:32:30,960 --> 00:32:32,835 And why mustn't we? 498 00:32:33,085 --> 00:32:34,710 Why mustn't we? 499 00:32:37,710 --> 00:32:39,210 So why? 500 00:32:40,460 --> 00:32:41,710 Why? 501 00:32:43,835 --> 00:32:47,835 Because an analysis of a specific situation, 502 00:32:48,085 --> 00:32:50,835 as Lenin says, is the essential... 503 00:32:51,085 --> 00:32:51,835 An analysis? 504 00:32:52,085 --> 00:32:53,710 ...the soul of Marxism. 505 00:32:53,960 --> 00:32:55,085 What's analysis? 506 00:32:56,335 --> 00:32:59,210 It's seeing the inherent contradictions... 507 00:32:59,335 --> 00:33:01,460 OK, but why analysis? 508 00:33:01,710 --> 00:33:02,835 Because 509 00:33:02,960 --> 00:33:07,960 things are complicated by determining factors. 510 00:33:08,085 --> 00:33:11,335 Yes, Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin 511 00:33:11,460 --> 00:33:14,710 teach us to carefully study the situation 512 00:33:15,460 --> 00:33:17,960 very conscientiously. 513 00:33:18,460 --> 00:33:22,210 Starting from objective reality, 514 00:33:22,835 --> 00:33:25,835 not from our subjective desires. 515 00:33:26,710 --> 00:33:27,585 Right? 516 00:33:27,710 --> 00:33:29,085 OK, exactly. 517 00:33:29,210 --> 00:33:30,960 Especially in the news. 518 00:33:31,085 --> 00:33:33,835 We must examine the different aspects, 519 00:33:33,960 --> 00:33:35,585 not just one. 520 00:33:38,835 --> 00:33:42,085 Enough theory. Now a problem. 521 00:33:43,835 --> 00:33:46,335 Which one do you want? 522 00:33:47,085 --> 00:33:48,085 War. 523 00:33:48,335 --> 00:33:49,335 Asia. 524 00:33:49,460 --> 00:33:53,460 The war in Asia, Vietnam, then. 525 00:33:53,960 --> 00:33:55,960 Who are the actors? 526 00:33:56,085 --> 00:33:57,085 The Americans. 527 00:33:57,335 --> 00:33:58,460 The Americans. 528 00:34:00,085 --> 00:34:05,085 Americans... who have dropped more bombs on a tiny country 529 00:34:05,835 --> 00:34:09,460 than during the World War and are wrong in their doctrine, 530 00:34:09,710 --> 00:34:11,460 Asia for the Americans. 531 00:34:11,585 --> 00:34:12,835 The Russians. 532 00:34:13,085 --> 00:34:17,085 The Russians are a bit cowardly as they go, 533 00:34:17,210 --> 00:34:19,085 Do as I say, not as I do. 534 00:34:20,335 --> 00:34:21,585 The Chinese. 535 00:34:21,710 --> 00:34:23,585 Oh yes... the Chinese. 536 00:34:23,710 --> 00:34:26,210 The Chinese who apply Mao's ideas. 537 00:34:28,960 --> 00:34:32,710 Reactionaries are paper tigers. 538 00:34:32,960 --> 00:34:34,960 They appear ferocious. 539 00:34:35,210 --> 00:34:38,085 But they're not really so powerful. 540 00:34:38,460 --> 00:34:40,460 At the Moscow conference 541 00:34:40,710 --> 00:34:44,335 of Communist workers on 18 November 1957: 542 00:34:44,835 --> 00:34:48,460 Strategically we must scorn the enemy 543 00:34:48,585 --> 00:34:52,460 but tactically weigh him carefully. 544 00:34:55,960 --> 00:34:59,210 Then there are the others, the on-lookers, 545 00:34:59,960 --> 00:35:02,585 the indifferent, the lazy, people like... 546 00:35:02,835 --> 00:35:03,960 like the French... 547 00:35:06,543 --> 00:35:07,960 Or the English. 548 00:35:11,293 --> 00:35:13,710 Isn't Vietnam an actor? 549 00:35:13,835 --> 00:35:15,210 Yes, Vietnam. 550 00:35:21,668 --> 00:35:23,043 Help, help. 551 00:35:24,418 --> 00:35:27,710 First a few facts, as truth lies there. 552 00:35:37,210 --> 00:35:38,585 The NLF will win. 553 00:35:39,168 --> 00:35:40,793 The NLF will win. 554 00:35:57,835 --> 00:35:59,210 In short. 555 00:35:59,418 --> 00:36:02,085 The liberation army in Ta Kien province 556 00:36:02,210 --> 00:36:05,835 has killed and captured 10 of the 300 puppet soldiers. 557 00:36:06,043 --> 00:36:07,835 Radio Peking... 558 00:36:08,335 --> 00:36:11,918 In brief, Johnson's fighting Communism in Vietnam. 559 00:36:12,543 --> 00:36:14,918 OK, right. 560 00:36:15,085 --> 00:36:18,710 That proves there are two kinds of Communism, 561 00:36:18,960 --> 00:36:22,585 since in Europe he's not fighting it at all. 562 00:36:22,835 --> 00:36:25,960 On the contrary, he signs agreements with Moscow. 563 00:36:26,585 --> 00:36:29,918 He invites Hungarian swimmers to Los Angeles. 564 00:36:30,085 --> 00:36:32,710 He invites Czech violinists 565 00:36:32,918 --> 00:36:35,835 to play with the Boston Symphony. 566 00:36:36,043 --> 00:36:38,710 He builds factories in Romania, in Poland, 567 00:36:38,960 --> 00:36:41,585 while destroying the factories in Hanoi. 568 00:36:42,085 --> 00:36:44,918 Help, help, help. 569 00:36:45,668 --> 00:36:49,210 Help, Mr Kosygin, help. 570 00:36:49,710 --> 00:36:52,835 That proves there are two Communisms. 571 00:36:52,960 --> 00:36:55,085 A dangerous one, 572 00:36:55,293 --> 00:36:57,335 and one not dangerous. 573 00:36:57,710 --> 00:37:01,168 A Communism Johnson must fight, 574 00:37:01,335 --> 00:37:03,585 and one he holds out his hand to. 575 00:37:03,835 --> 00:37:05,793 Hello Kosygin, you OK? 576 00:37:05,960 --> 00:37:09,710 And why is one of them no longer dangerous? 577 00:37:10,335 --> 00:37:11,960 Because it has changed. 578 00:37:12,168 --> 00:37:14,168 The Americans haven't. 579 00:37:14,335 --> 00:37:16,293 They're an imperialist power. 580 00:37:17,460 --> 00:37:22,293 Since they haven't changed, then it's the others who've changed. 581 00:37:22,460 --> 00:37:27,210 The Russians and their friends have become revisionists 582 00:37:27,918 --> 00:37:30,543 that Americans can get on with. 583 00:37:30,710 --> 00:37:34,835 While the real Communists that haven't changed 584 00:37:35,710 --> 00:37:38,460 need to be kicked in the face. 585 00:37:38,710 --> 00:37:41,085 That's what Vietnam's about. 586 00:37:41,335 --> 00:37:42,960 I'm for peace in Vietnam. 587 00:37:43,418 --> 00:37:45,835 Whether intentionally or not, 588 00:37:46,085 --> 00:37:49,418 both the Russians and Americans... 589 00:37:50,710 --> 00:37:52,460 I'm for peace in Vietnam. 590 00:37:54,335 --> 00:37:57,585 ...are fighting the real Communists, in China. 591 00:37:58,335 --> 00:38:01,543 That's a general conclusion. 592 00:38:01,710 --> 00:38:02,960 As for Vietnam... 593 00:38:03,668 --> 00:38:07,710 Help, help, Mr Kosygin! 594 00:38:07,918 --> 00:38:10,793 Help, Mr Kosygin! 595 00:38:16,460 --> 00:38:19,168 Hurry, Mr Kosygin! 596 00:38:21,543 --> 00:38:22,960 A specific conclusion is... 597 00:38:23,168 --> 00:38:24,085 Any 598 00:38:24,210 --> 00:38:25,543 progressive 599 00:38:25,710 --> 00:38:27,335 war... is just. 600 00:38:27,543 --> 00:38:30,085 Any war... opposing progress... 601 00:38:30,210 --> 00:38:31,668 is unjust. 602 00:38:31,835 --> 00:38:32,960 We other... 603 00:38:34,043 --> 00:38:37,210 Communists... are fighting... against... 604 00:38:37,960 --> 00:38:39,543 all... such... 605 00:38:39,793 --> 00:38:41,168 unjust... wars. 606 00:38:42,918 --> 00:38:46,585 But we aren't... against... progressive wars. 607 00:38:48,585 --> 00:38:49,835 Friends, comrades. 608 00:38:50,085 --> 00:38:53,460 Why is being American intolerable? 609 00:38:55,585 --> 00:38:57,668 An important question. 610 00:38:57,835 --> 00:39:04,085 Indeed, if a socialist might admire the wealth of the US 611 00:39:04,293 --> 00:39:10,460 he must place it in perspective in the relative world context... 612 00:39:12,668 --> 00:39:14,835 ...and at that level understand it, 613 00:39:15,043 --> 00:39:18,085 using rareness and exploitation as criteria. 614 00:39:18,335 --> 00:39:20,793 Rareness, exploitation. 615 00:39:21,543 --> 00:39:25,335 Protesting the structures that feed it. 616 00:39:25,585 --> 00:39:26,960 Structures. 617 00:39:27,710 --> 00:39:32,460 Otherwise socialism falls into the right-wing trap... 618 00:39:32,710 --> 00:39:33,835 Trap. 619 00:39:35,210 --> 00:39:39,085 ...which is the Stalinism of Capitalistic abundance, 620 00:39:39,335 --> 00:39:44,085 an apology for power, for luxury. 621 00:39:44,793 --> 00:39:46,668 A good example is 622 00:39:46,835 --> 00:39:51,210 the current French Finance Minister, Mr Michel Debré. 623 00:39:51,668 --> 00:39:52,668 For us, 624 00:39:53,335 --> 00:39:56,835 the human sciences must again be... 625 00:39:57,043 --> 00:39:58,710 what they were for Marx. 626 00:39:58,918 --> 00:40:01,043 A political instrument. 627 00:40:01,918 --> 00:40:03,960 A fighting truth. 628 00:40:04,168 --> 00:40:06,460 A fighting truth. 629 00:40:07,085 --> 00:40:10,418 Don't forget the 19th century Marxists, 630 00:40:10,585 --> 00:40:13,710 before filling the Russian academies, 631 00:40:13,960 --> 00:40:16,293 were men of science. 632 00:40:16,668 --> 00:40:19,210 Hooligan iconoclasts 633 00:40:19,460 --> 00:40:21,085 and revolutionaries. 634 00:40:21,335 --> 00:40:23,085 Revolutionaries. 635 00:40:24,085 --> 00:40:26,710 Today some schools for human sciences 636 00:40:26,835 --> 00:40:31,210 are retracing the road to Marxism, but backwards. 637 00:40:31,710 --> 00:40:33,585 Not to show flaws in society, 638 00:40:34,960 --> 00:40:37,835 but to show flaws as part of a whole, 639 00:40:37,960 --> 00:40:42,460 to show how men's will and projects cannot change. 640 00:40:42,793 --> 00:40:45,585 Structure, change. 641 00:40:46,543 --> 00:40:51,460 In short, man is an idea of modern thinkers 642 00:40:52,335 --> 00:40:54,960 that can be transcended. 643 00:40:55,835 --> 00:41:00,418 This situation in the human sciences 644 00:41:00,668 --> 00:41:03,710 that Sartre tried to upset by his genius... 645 00:41:04,168 --> 00:41:06,585 this situation is disturbing... 646 00:41:07,085 --> 00:41:07,960 Disturbing. 647 00:41:08,585 --> 00:41:10,085 It's the image 648 00:41:10,710 --> 00:41:14,168 of the impotence of Europe's left. 649 00:41:16,293 --> 00:41:20,085 That impotence indicates its decline. 650 00:41:20,293 --> 00:41:23,085 THEY CONTINUE 651 00:41:23,210 --> 00:41:25,460 We're a bit like Robinson. 652 00:41:25,585 --> 00:41:28,668 Remember Engel's text on Robinson? 653 00:41:28,835 --> 00:41:30,335 In what? 654 00:41:30,543 --> 00:41:32,460 In Anti-Duhring. 655 00:41:32,668 --> 00:41:34,585 Guillaume, answer the phone! 656 00:41:40,168 --> 00:41:44,210 What surprises me are your quarrels with the Party. 657 00:41:45,918 --> 00:41:48,918 After a while I discovered 658 00:41:49,710 --> 00:41:52,960 three quarters of the ideas and analyses 659 00:41:53,793 --> 00:41:55,793 by the Party are false 660 00:41:55,960 --> 00:41:57,835 for intellectuals. 661 00:41:58,918 --> 00:42:00,168 Too close to Moscow. 662 00:42:00,460 --> 00:42:03,918 Look. Nizan is dead, Merleau is dead. 663 00:42:04,085 --> 00:42:07,168 Sartre's hiding in Flaubert, Aragon in maths. 664 00:42:08,460 --> 00:42:12,960 I find them both moving now. 665 00:42:13,293 --> 00:42:16,335 Right, but it's tragic also. 666 00:42:17,168 --> 00:42:19,335 It's the Party's fault? 667 00:42:19,543 --> 00:42:21,918 Yes, exactly. 668 00:42:22,085 --> 00:42:24,668 That's why we must seek our ideal 669 00:42:24,835 --> 00:42:27,210 1,000 km away in Peking. 670 00:42:29,210 --> 00:42:32,668 Listen: No matter what his position, 671 00:42:32,960 --> 00:42:35,835 no Communist should automatically treat, 672 00:42:36,085 --> 00:42:40,293 without due process, the Chinese Cultural Revolution 673 00:42:40,460 --> 00:42:43,543 like just another fact or argument. 674 00:42:43,710 --> 00:42:46,585 The Cultural Revolution isn't an argument. 675 00:42:46,835 --> 00:42:48,793 First it's historical fact, 676 00:42:48,960 --> 00:42:52,293 an historical fact unlike any other. 677 00:42:52,460 --> 00:42:54,043 Then there's this. 678 00:42:54,668 --> 00:42:57,418 Exporting cultural revolt is impossible, 679 00:42:57,585 --> 00:43:00,043 as it belongs to China. 680 00:43:00,210 --> 00:43:04,293 But the theoretical lessons belong to all Communists. 681 00:43:04,460 --> 00:43:09,210 They must borrow the lessons and make them their own. 682 00:43:09,418 --> 00:43:11,210 Guillaume, answer the phone! 683 00:43:16,210 --> 00:43:17,960 I'm Veronique Supervielle. 684 00:43:18,210 --> 00:43:21,210 I'm 19 years, eight months, 685 00:43:21,460 --> 00:43:24,210 14 hours, two minutes, 686 00:43:24,585 --> 00:43:29,043 SECOND MOVEMENT OF THE FILM 687 00:43:29,210 --> 00:43:33,043 Vietnam burns and me I spurn Mao Mao 688 00:43:33,335 --> 00:43:37,168 Johnson giggles and me I wiggle Mao Mao 689 00:43:37,710 --> 00:43:41,085 Napalm runs and me I gun Mao Mao 690 00:43:42,085 --> 00:43:45,835 Cities die and me I cry Mao Mao 691 00:43:46,460 --> 00:43:50,085 Whores cry and me I sigh Mao Mao 692 00:43:50,710 --> 00:43:54,460 The rice is mad and me a cad 693 00:43:55,085 --> 00:43:58,960 It's the Little Red Book 694 00:43:59,335 --> 00:44:03,668 That makes it all move 695 00:44:04,335 --> 00:44:08,293 Imperialism lays down the law 696 00:44:08,460 --> 00:44:12,710 Revolution is not a party 697 00:44:12,918 --> 00:44:16,335 The A-bomb is a paper tiger 698 00:44:16,960 --> 00:44:20,960 The masses are the real heroes 699 00:44:21,210 --> 00:44:24,960 The Yanks kill and me I read Mao Mao 700 00:44:25,460 --> 00:44:29,710 The jester is king and me I sing Mao Mao 701 00:44:29,960 --> 00:44:33,960 The bombs go off and me I scoff Mao Mao 702 00:44:34,210 --> 00:44:38,293 Girls run and me I follow Mao Mao 703 00:44:38,460 --> 00:44:42,460 The Russians eat and me I dance Mao Mao 704 00:44:42,668 --> 00:44:46,710 I denounce and I renounce Mao Mao 705 00:44:46,960 --> 00:44:50,960 It's the Little Red Book 706 00:44:51,210 --> 00:44:54,960 That makes it all move. 707 00:44:55,418 --> 00:44:58,335 THEY CONTINUE THE REIGN 708 00:45:03,418 --> 00:45:05,168 And now El Cordobes. 709 00:45:09,710 --> 00:45:11,168 Paco Camino. 710 00:45:16,335 --> 00:45:18,460 Why did he ditch our bull's head? 711 00:45:18,710 --> 00:45:20,835 We can't have any more fun. 712 00:45:21,085 --> 00:45:23,710 He's mad and going to commit suicide. 713 00:45:25,168 --> 00:45:27,918 - Hurry up, Fernand. - Coming... 714 00:45:28,085 --> 00:45:29,793 Look at that, Isabelle. 715 00:45:29,960 --> 00:45:32,335 Great racing handlebars and a seat. 716 00:45:33,585 --> 00:45:35,293 - He took it? - Yes. 717 00:45:35,460 --> 00:45:37,585 He's a stupid prick. 718 00:45:37,793 --> 00:45:39,585 No, that worker's a genius. 719 00:45:39,835 --> 00:45:43,418 With a bull's head he made handlebars and a seat. 720 00:45:44,710 --> 00:45:47,668 Divine metamorphosis, Mr Malraux. 721 00:45:56,085 --> 00:45:59,710 He who speaks of struggle... 722 00:46:02,835 --> 00:46:05,793 ...speaks of sacrifice. 723 00:46:05,960 --> 00:46:07,835 And death... 724 00:46:08,960 --> 00:46:11,210 ...is a common thing. 725 00:46:11,585 --> 00:46:14,543 THE REIGN OF DESPOTISM IN ASIA, AFRICA... 726 00:46:20,043 --> 00:46:22,335 ...AND LATIN AMERICA 727 00:46:22,543 --> 00:46:26,210 One: the history of art in the last 100 years 728 00:46:26,418 --> 00:46:29,585 is the road leading to the concept 729 00:46:29,793 --> 00:46:34,543 of art as its own science. 730 00:46:36,168 --> 00:46:37,293 Two. 731 00:46:38,835 --> 00:46:40,835 We are not the ones 732 00:46:41,043 --> 00:46:44,710 using obscure language. 733 00:46:45,210 --> 00:46:48,085 It's our society, 734 00:46:48,918 --> 00:46:52,085 which is hermetic and closed up 735 00:46:52,918 --> 00:46:57,918 in the poorest of languages possible. 736 00:46:58,085 --> 00:46:59,585 Three: 737 00:46:59,793 --> 00:47:02,293 Maiakovsky in poetry. 738 00:47:02,460 --> 00:47:05,793 Eisenstein in movies. 739 00:47:06,460 --> 00:47:08,585 All those fighting 740 00:47:08,793 --> 00:47:13,710 for a definition of socialist art 741 00:47:13,960 --> 00:47:18,085 were knifed in the back 742 00:47:18,293 --> 00:47:22,460 by Trotsky and the others. 743 00:47:22,668 --> 00:47:27,210 Those who two months after taking the Winter Palace, 744 00:47:27,460 --> 00:47:31,585 accepted imperialist language 745 00:47:31,835 --> 00:47:35,085 to sign the peace treaty 746 00:47:35,335 --> 00:47:38,043 of Brest-Litovsk. 747 00:47:39,585 --> 00:47:44,335 Art doesn't reproduce the visible. 748 00:47:44,543 --> 00:47:46,835 It makes visible. 749 00:47:47,085 --> 00:47:50,168 But the aesthetic effect is imaginary. 750 00:47:51,210 --> 00:47:57,210 Yes, but the imaginary doesn't reflect reality. 751 00:47:58,043 --> 00:48:01,085 It's the reality of the reflection. 752 00:48:02,168 --> 00:48:06,585 You sometimes hear statements like, 753 00:48:06,710 --> 00:48:10,210 Use only three colours. 754 00:48:10,418 --> 00:48:13,085 The three primary colours, 755 00:48:13,335 --> 00:48:16,210 blue, yellow and red. 756 00:48:16,418 --> 00:48:21,335 Perfectly pure and perfectly balanced, 757 00:48:21,668 --> 00:48:26,710 on the pretext that all the other colours are there. 758 00:48:36,460 --> 00:48:39,793 For everything we see, 759 00:48:39,960 --> 00:48:43,085 we must consider three things. 760 00:48:44,585 --> 00:48:48,085 The position of the seeing eye, 761 00:48:49,168 --> 00:48:50,668 of the object seen 762 00:48:50,835 --> 00:48:54,085 and of the source of light. 763 00:48:55,043 --> 00:48:56,543 Perhaps reality 764 00:48:57,043 --> 00:49:01,668 hasn't yet appeared to anyone. 765 00:49:02,460 --> 00:49:03,960 As for us... 766 00:49:04,668 --> 00:49:08,960 we demand the unity of politics and art. 767 00:49:09,793 --> 00:49:13,960 The unity of content and form, 768 00:49:14,460 --> 00:49:19,585 the unity of a revolutionary content. 769 00:49:19,793 --> 00:49:20,960 And... 770 00:49:22,418 --> 00:49:24,710 ...an artistic form 771 00:49:25,960 --> 00:49:28,918 as perfect as possible. 772 00:49:31,043 --> 00:49:35,085 Works lacking artistic value, 773 00:49:35,710 --> 00:49:40,085 no matter how politically advanced 774 00:49:40,293 --> 00:49:42,960 are ineffective. 775 00:49:45,210 --> 00:49:49,668 In literature and in art we must 776 00:49:50,085 --> 00:49:53,085 fight on two fronts. 777 00:50:01,085 --> 00:50:02,960 Fighting on two fronts... 778 00:50:03,793 --> 00:50:05,585 I find too complicated. 779 00:50:07,335 --> 00:50:09,335 I do only one thing at a time. 780 00:50:12,335 --> 00:50:14,460 I don't understand how you can 781 00:50:14,668 --> 00:50:17,835 listen to music and write at the same time. 782 00:50:28,335 --> 00:50:29,585 Two fronts. 783 00:50:29,835 --> 00:50:31,668 Too complicated. 784 00:50:39,835 --> 00:50:41,418 Do you love me? 785 00:50:42,168 --> 00:50:43,960 Of course I do. 786 00:50:45,418 --> 00:50:47,918 I've decided I don't love you anymore. 787 00:50:48,085 --> 00:50:49,543 What's going on? 788 00:50:49,710 --> 00:50:52,793 I no longer like your face, eyes, mouth. 789 00:50:52,960 --> 00:50:56,210 Nor your sweaters. And you bore me terribly. 790 00:50:57,418 --> 00:50:58,585 What's happening? 791 00:50:58,835 --> 00:50:59,835 I don't love you. 792 00:51:00,043 --> 00:51:01,293 I don't understand. 793 00:51:01,460 --> 00:51:02,793 You will. 794 00:51:09,293 --> 00:51:10,335 Veronique. 795 00:51:10,585 --> 00:51:11,835 You will. 796 00:51:13,043 --> 00:51:16,460 Explain why you're saying that. 797 00:51:23,335 --> 00:51:25,418 I no longer love you. 798 00:51:26,835 --> 00:51:28,710 You interfere. 799 00:51:30,418 --> 00:51:31,835 You worry me. 800 00:51:32,085 --> 00:51:34,418 Love's too difficult with you. 801 00:51:35,460 --> 00:51:38,710 I hate how you discuss things you ignore. 802 00:51:40,710 --> 00:51:42,460 I don't love you. 803 00:51:45,918 --> 00:51:47,710 I don't love you. 804 00:51:54,210 --> 00:51:56,043 Understand now? 805 00:51:57,918 --> 00:51:59,585 Yeah, I do. 806 00:52:00,585 --> 00:52:02,043 I'm very sad... 807 00:52:03,210 --> 00:52:04,793 ...but I understand. 808 00:52:06,585 --> 00:52:09,543 You see, you can do two things at once. 809 00:52:12,043 --> 00:52:14,585 To understand you had to do it. 810 00:52:14,793 --> 00:52:16,210 Music and language. 811 00:52:21,835 --> 00:52:24,085 You must struggle on two fronts. 812 00:52:36,210 --> 00:52:38,710 But you really scared me. 813 00:52:40,418 --> 00:52:42,460 Me too, I'm often scared. 814 00:52:47,543 --> 00:52:51,668 THEY CONTINUE OPPRESSION IN THE WEST 815 00:53:02,835 --> 00:53:05,793 Some comrades have bad work habits, 816 00:53:05,960 --> 00:53:08,793 the antithesis of the Marxist spirit. 817 00:53:09,668 --> 00:53:12,543 Like catching birds blindfolded. 818 00:53:14,335 --> 00:53:16,210 Why are you looking at me? 819 00:53:16,918 --> 00:53:19,460 I'm not a strange animal. 820 00:53:19,668 --> 00:53:21,710 I'm a human being. 821 00:53:22,918 --> 00:53:24,460 And your look 822 00:53:24,668 --> 00:53:29,918 is the same as Whites in America looking at Blacks 823 00:53:30,960 --> 00:53:33,460 or Arabs looking at Jews, 824 00:53:33,710 --> 00:53:36,710 or vice versa in the Middle East. 825 00:53:36,960 --> 00:53:39,960 And in the Communist world, Russians 826 00:53:40,168 --> 00:53:41,418 looking at Chinese. 827 00:53:41,585 --> 00:53:43,293 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 828 00:53:44,460 --> 00:53:49,710 There's no face that can't be drawn, 829 00:53:49,960 --> 00:53:52,043 like the face of a dream. 830 00:53:52,460 --> 00:53:55,293 Serge Dimitri Kirilov. 831 00:53:57,085 --> 00:53:58,543 Not Novalis. 832 00:53:58,710 --> 00:54:00,585 But it was voted yesterday. 833 00:54:00,793 --> 00:54:02,835 But he's a scholar, not a poet. 834 00:54:05,085 --> 00:54:07,835 A scholar on poetry like Brecht on theatre. 835 00:54:10,710 --> 00:54:15,168 The Party controls the guns. Guns must not control the Party. 836 00:54:23,460 --> 00:54:24,668 Poor Novalis. 837 00:54:27,793 --> 00:54:30,335 How to unite Marxist-Leninist theory 838 00:54:30,543 --> 00:54:32,918 and the practice of revolution? 839 00:54:34,335 --> 00:54:36,460 There's a well-known saying. 840 00:54:37,168 --> 00:54:39,335 It's like shooting at a target. 841 00:54:39,543 --> 00:54:42,835 Just like aiming at the target, 842 00:54:43,085 --> 00:54:46,335 Marxism-Leninism must aim at revolution. 843 00:54:56,210 --> 00:54:58,460 You can disagree 844 00:54:58,960 --> 00:55:04,460 with the terms I use to define the problem. 845 00:55:04,668 --> 00:55:06,793 But if, like most workers, 846 00:55:06,960 --> 00:55:10,793 who use their hands and heads 847 00:55:10,960 --> 00:55:13,418 you judge or vaguely feel 848 00:55:13,585 --> 00:55:16,960 that capitalism is no better today than yesterday... 849 00:55:17,210 --> 00:55:18,460 Back to Moscow! 850 00:55:18,710 --> 00:55:21,585 ...As economic and social development, 851 00:55:21,835 --> 00:55:25,210 as a way of life, as a system of relations 852 00:55:25,460 --> 00:55:26,585 of men together. 853 00:55:26,835 --> 00:55:29,793 With their work, with nature. 854 00:55:29,960 --> 00:55:32,210 With the people of the world. 855 00:55:32,460 --> 00:55:35,960 Kosygin and Johnson are killers. 856 00:55:36,168 --> 00:55:40,585 By the use he does or does not make of resources and science, 857 00:55:40,793 --> 00:55:44,210 of present and future creative capacities, 858 00:55:44,418 --> 00:55:46,460 of each person. 859 00:55:46,668 --> 00:55:48,710 What of Siniavsky? 860 00:55:48,918 --> 00:55:53,210 And if you adhere to socialism with that feeling 861 00:55:53,460 --> 00:55:58,335 the problem of its rise to power is put in those terms. 862 00:56:00,168 --> 00:56:06,335 Once you admit that violent revolt and barricades 863 00:56:06,585 --> 00:56:11,585 can't occur in advanced capitalism 864 00:56:11,835 --> 00:56:15,960 in France, Sweden, Italy, 865 00:56:16,168 --> 00:56:20,168 you can agree with the French Communist Party... 866 00:56:21,835 --> 00:56:25,168 Revisionist, revisionist! 867 00:56:27,460 --> 00:56:32,668 THIRD MOVEMENT OF THE FILM 868 00:56:34,585 --> 00:56:35,960 Isn't that Michel? 869 00:56:36,835 --> 00:56:37,835 You think so? 870 00:56:38,085 --> 00:56:41,210 Listen to how he pronounces "s". 871 00:56:41,460 --> 00:56:43,668 Maybe you're right. 872 00:56:43,835 --> 00:56:45,585 Maybe Claude's there. 873 00:56:45,793 --> 00:56:48,085 Veronique said she had a letter. 874 00:56:48,293 --> 00:56:50,835 In July he'll bring committee orders 875 00:56:51,085 --> 00:56:54,460 on beginning hostilities and against whom. 876 00:56:54,710 --> 00:56:56,710 - Am I in it? - No. 877 00:56:56,918 --> 00:57:01,710 The combat group will have its own organisation, personnel and finances. 878 00:57:01,960 --> 00:57:03,293 This is Radio Peking. 879 00:57:03,668 --> 00:57:05,585 Comrades and friends... 880 00:57:07,168 --> 00:57:09,918 Those in favour raise their hands. 881 00:57:27,710 --> 00:57:32,460 Majority decision is to create a special combat organisation 882 00:57:32,668 --> 00:57:35,543 which, in strict observance of conspiracy 883 00:57:35,710 --> 00:57:37,335 and division of labour 884 00:57:37,585 --> 00:57:41,085 will take care exclusively of terrorist activity. 885 00:57:45,085 --> 00:57:47,210 Now let's draw lots. 886 00:57:48,460 --> 00:57:50,293 Open it and read. 887 00:57:56,585 --> 00:58:01,418 Men use 888 00:58:01,585 --> 00:58:07,210 the sciences of nature 889 00:58:07,460 --> 00:58:10,585 as a weapon 890 00:58:10,793 --> 00:58:16,835 in their struggle for liberty. 891 00:58:22,293 --> 00:58:24,960 DIALOGUE 4 HENRI AFTER HIS EXCLUSION 892 00:58:28,960 --> 00:58:32,043 Since January, 893 00:58:32,210 --> 00:58:34,168 maybe December. 894 00:58:35,710 --> 00:58:37,210 You left them? 895 00:58:38,460 --> 00:58:41,418 Yes, well, they excluded me. 896 00:58:41,585 --> 00:58:43,210 It's all the same. 897 00:58:44,585 --> 00:58:46,210 Why did they throw you out? 898 00:58:47,293 --> 00:58:51,335 I refused to criticize myself. 899 00:58:52,460 --> 00:58:53,960 How did it happen? 900 00:58:55,835 --> 00:58:58,710 Like in all cells, 901 00:58:58,918 --> 00:59:00,335 there was a vote. 902 00:59:02,418 --> 00:59:04,543 But what led to the vote? 903 00:59:08,085 --> 00:59:11,335 It started 904 00:59:12,085 --> 00:59:15,085 during Veronique's exposé. 905 00:59:15,293 --> 00:59:17,835 The forms of oppression aren't the same. 906 00:59:18,085 --> 00:59:19,960 Life now under Pompidou 907 00:59:20,210 --> 00:59:23,293 isn't like during the war under Hitler. 908 00:59:24,335 --> 00:59:26,668 Yet, comrades and friends... 909 00:59:26,835 --> 00:59:30,543 Just as Serge showed how art doesn't reflect reality, 910 00:59:30,710 --> 00:59:33,168 but is the reality of reflection, 911 00:59:33,335 --> 00:59:38,043 such is the reality of formulas used by friends of Pompidou and Malraux 912 00:59:38,210 --> 00:59:41,585 to ban a film like The Nun by Jacques Rivette. 913 00:59:41,835 --> 00:59:45,710 It's that reality, since in formulas there's form 914 00:59:45,960 --> 00:59:49,793 which makes me think it's a form of oppression. 915 00:59:51,460 --> 00:59:54,835 She was confusing Marx and theatre 916 00:59:56,210 --> 00:59:59,710 and politics, and that's romanticism. 917 01:00:01,793 --> 01:00:05,960 She behaved in life like an actress. 918 01:00:07,043 --> 01:00:09,585 She was influenced by Guillaume. 919 01:00:09,793 --> 01:00:10,835 Who's he? 920 01:00:11,085 --> 01:00:12,418 An actor. 921 01:00:12,585 --> 01:00:14,043 He was one of the group? 922 01:00:14,585 --> 01:00:17,835 Yes... a fanatic. 923 01:00:18,543 --> 01:00:22,210 His father had worked with Arthaud. 924 01:00:23,918 --> 01:00:28,168 While with Kosygin, Wilson, Pompidou, it's sweet death. 925 01:00:29,168 --> 01:00:31,335 If that doesn't suit you, 926 01:00:31,543 --> 01:00:34,210 there's violent death in North Vietnam. 927 01:00:35,168 --> 01:00:38,835 While in the South, sweet death is enough. 928 01:00:39,085 --> 01:00:40,710 But I say it's the same 929 01:00:40,835 --> 01:00:43,918 in literary and scientific studies. 930 01:00:44,918 --> 01:00:48,793 The Left has suggested reforms. 931 01:00:49,960 --> 01:00:52,585 As long as Racine portrays men as they are. 932 01:00:52,835 --> 01:00:55,335 As long as Sade is prohibited. 933 01:00:55,585 --> 01:00:59,543 As long as maths isn't taught in nurseries. 934 01:00:59,710 --> 01:01:04,085 As long as they subsidize the queers at the Comédie-Française 935 01:01:04,835 --> 01:01:07,585 more than Planchon or Bourseiller. 936 01:01:09,585 --> 01:01:12,293 The reforms are a dead letter, 937 01:01:12,460 --> 01:01:14,835 because it's dead language. 938 01:01:15,043 --> 01:01:17,460 It's class culture 939 01:01:17,668 --> 01:01:19,960 taught by one class. 940 01:01:20,168 --> 01:01:22,793 A culture belonging to a certain class 941 01:01:22,960 --> 01:01:25,085 that pursues a certain policy. 942 01:01:25,293 --> 01:01:26,585 The analysis... 943 01:01:28,293 --> 01:01:29,585 ...was amiss. 944 01:01:29,835 --> 01:01:33,793 So the conclusion was unreal. 945 01:01:35,335 --> 01:01:37,210 If you don't agree it's... 946 01:01:37,460 --> 01:01:40,168 Yes, I'm for peaceful co-existence. 947 01:01:40,960 --> 01:01:44,710 What's the Party doing to change that? 948 01:01:45,460 --> 01:01:47,960 There are some good things. 949 01:01:48,460 --> 01:01:53,168 Two weeks ago they were praising books that confuse words and things, 950 01:01:53,335 --> 01:01:55,793 that serve reactionary thinking. 951 01:01:58,335 --> 01:02:02,585 Comrades, we must: one, close the puppet university. 952 01:02:02,793 --> 01:02:04,460 Right, but how? 953 01:02:04,668 --> 01:02:07,210 What do you suggest, dreamer? 954 01:02:08,085 --> 01:02:09,710 Two, by terror. 955 01:02:09,960 --> 01:02:11,793 Yes, but what kind of terror? 956 01:02:16,668 --> 01:02:20,168 Terror leads to nothing today. 957 01:02:20,335 --> 01:02:21,460 However, 958 01:02:22,543 --> 01:02:27,835 that culture is 0.43% of the national budget... 959 01:02:28,085 --> 01:02:30,418 Veronique was right. 960 01:02:30,918 --> 01:02:32,210 As for Aragon... 961 01:02:32,460 --> 01:02:36,710 If the Party's more supple, 962 01:02:37,335 --> 01:02:39,335 it's because of him. 963 01:02:41,210 --> 01:02:43,585 Sometimes I was enthusiastic, 964 01:02:43,835 --> 01:02:48,293 glorifying the socialist edifice in my writing. 965 01:02:49,543 --> 01:02:52,460 But the next day I countered 966 01:02:52,710 --> 01:02:56,585 with criminal-like practical action. 967 01:02:57,210 --> 01:02:59,043 There was formed 968 01:02:59,210 --> 01:03:01,585 what Hegel called 969 01:03:02,293 --> 01:03:05,210 an unhappy conscience. 970 01:03:06,543 --> 01:03:10,585 It differed from the ordinary conscience... 971 01:03:11,085 --> 01:03:13,835 BOUKARIN'S LAST WORDS AT THE LAST MOSCOW TRIALS 972 01:03:13,960 --> 01:03:16,793 ...In that it was also a criminal conscience. 973 01:03:19,460 --> 01:03:23,293 Ad in France Soir on June 14. 974 01:03:24,710 --> 01:03:27,918 Old Russia, the great religious centres 975 01:03:28,085 --> 01:03:30,960 of Czarist Russia, brought to life 976 01:03:31,668 --> 01:03:34,335 and May Day in Moscow. 977 01:03:34,710 --> 01:03:37,418 Information at Monit Travel, 978 01:03:37,585 --> 01:03:42,168 4 place de l'Opera, phone 742 06 46. 979 01:03:42,585 --> 01:03:44,710 Where are the old revolutionaries? 980 01:03:45,418 --> 01:03:46,835 Sad, huh? 981 01:03:46,960 --> 01:03:48,085 It's sad, alright. 982 01:03:48,210 --> 01:03:50,668 Their argument was Sputnik Digest. 983 01:03:50,835 --> 01:03:53,460 It's a pretty disgusting magazine. 984 01:03:54,293 --> 01:03:55,960 But that's not enough 985 01:03:56,210 --> 01:03:59,543 to systematically condemn the Party attitude 986 01:03:59,710 --> 01:04:03,168 the way they do in L'Humanite Nouvelle or Garde Rouge. 987 01:04:03,418 --> 01:04:08,710 The main organ of the French Marxist-Leninist movement. 988 01:04:09,335 --> 01:04:11,460 During the elections in March, 989 01:04:11,710 --> 01:04:15,710 the only people to talk of the price of a fridge, 990 01:04:15,918 --> 01:04:19,085 of work rates or bathrooms, 991 01:04:19,210 --> 01:04:23,085 and not just general philosophy... 992 01:04:23,293 --> 01:04:26,210 It wasn't Mitterrand or Mendes France, 993 01:04:26,418 --> 01:04:30,168 it was the delegates of the French Communist Party. 994 01:04:30,335 --> 01:04:34,335 It's not that. I said they haven't read all of Marx. 995 01:04:34,543 --> 01:04:37,585 - You're way off. - Not read him seriously. 996 01:04:37,710 --> 01:04:40,085 Well, I'm for peaceful coexistence. 997 01:04:41,293 --> 01:04:44,335 Lenin said to cut off one enemy finger to save ten. 998 01:04:44,460 --> 01:04:46,085 Rosa Luxembourg 999 01:04:46,293 --> 01:04:48,710 saw the difficulty in answering. 1000 01:04:48,918 --> 01:04:50,543 How troubled she was. 1001 01:04:51,210 --> 01:04:53,918 How she blushed without understanding. 1002 01:04:54,085 --> 01:04:56,710 Why, because movies and plays 1003 01:04:56,835 --> 01:04:59,210 cost money and the army is free. 1004 01:04:59,418 --> 01:05:01,043 It should be the opposite. 1005 01:05:02,210 --> 01:05:03,585 Shows should be free. 1006 01:05:03,710 --> 01:05:06,460 Those who want to make war should pay to do so. 1007 01:05:06,710 --> 01:05:11,335 When they say the leftist agreement is a dagger for Vietnam, 1008 01:05:11,585 --> 01:05:14,543 or that the Communist press... 1009 01:05:14,710 --> 01:05:18,335 Everyone talks of the crimes of the Red Guard 1010 01:05:18,460 --> 01:05:20,085 in the Cultural Revolution. 1011 01:05:20,335 --> 01:05:22,585 Listen, this is fantastic. 1012 01:05:23,835 --> 01:05:26,960 The first date for Juliette and Pierre 1013 01:05:27,210 --> 01:05:30,710 opened doors to a new world of magic. 1014 01:05:32,960 --> 01:05:36,460 The world of words no one had spoken before them. 1015 01:05:38,668 --> 01:05:40,960 What are you reading? 1016 01:05:43,418 --> 01:05:46,085 Henri gave me the Party's women's magazine. 1017 01:05:46,335 --> 01:05:47,418 Let's see. 1018 01:05:49,668 --> 01:05:52,210 Like the night before, their eyes met. 1019 01:05:52,418 --> 01:05:54,043 Pierre couldn't speak. 1020 01:05:56,335 --> 01:06:00,960 No point in being Communist to use that soap opera language. 1021 01:06:05,668 --> 01:06:07,335 I forbid you to read that. 1022 01:06:07,543 --> 01:06:09,460 I said Henri's a revisionist. 1023 01:06:12,585 --> 01:06:15,793 The joker's a king and I sing Mao Mao... 1024 01:06:16,585 --> 01:06:20,085 Reminds me of pictures of L'Illustration from 1917, 1025 01:06:20,710 --> 01:06:23,960 that treated Bolsheviks as beatniks. 1026 01:06:24,585 --> 01:06:28,043 They used the same terms for the Bolsheviks 1027 01:06:28,210 --> 01:06:31,335 as that paper uses for the Red Guard. 1028 01:06:31,960 --> 01:06:35,835 You expect Le Figaro to say that sort of thing. 1029 01:06:36,085 --> 01:06:39,418 But when L'Humanite does, it's disgusting. 1030 01:06:39,585 --> 01:06:41,335 OK, there's work to do. 1031 01:06:41,543 --> 01:06:43,585 For everyone. 1032 01:06:43,918 --> 01:06:47,960 The other day I was reading L'Humanite Nouvelle. 1033 01:06:48,460 --> 01:06:53,835 They talked about the film Johnny Guitar, 1034 01:06:54,085 --> 01:06:57,585 that the Party leaders had shown 1035 01:06:58,710 --> 01:07:00,460 at a meeting somewhere, 1036 01:07:00,668 --> 01:07:02,418 I'm not sure where. 1037 01:07:02,585 --> 01:07:06,585 But they attack the film because it's American, 1038 01:07:06,710 --> 01:07:09,043 even if it's good. 1039 01:07:09,710 --> 01:07:14,210 So, as Veronique's big enemy, Malraux says, 1040 01:07:15,335 --> 01:07:18,335 liberty doesn't always have clean hands. 1041 01:07:18,543 --> 01:07:20,543 Veronique, what's the matter? 1042 01:07:20,710 --> 01:07:21,960 Problems? 1043 01:07:22,585 --> 01:07:24,293 I have too many enemies. 1044 01:07:24,460 --> 01:07:26,460 Enemies? You? 1045 01:07:26,710 --> 01:07:27,835 But who? 1046 01:07:28,835 --> 01:07:30,668 You know, the warlords, 1047 01:07:30,835 --> 01:07:34,335 the bureaucrats, magnates and landowners 1048 01:07:34,543 --> 01:07:37,710 and the reactionary intellectuals. 1049 01:07:37,918 --> 01:07:39,335 Those are my enemies. 1050 01:07:39,543 --> 01:07:42,335 Well, that makes a lot of enemies, indeed. 1051 01:07:43,043 --> 01:07:45,043 What are you up to? 1052 01:07:45,210 --> 01:07:47,293 Not much. 1053 01:07:47,835 --> 01:07:50,835 Writing in Les Temps Modernes as always, 1054 01:07:50,960 --> 01:07:52,668 some books... 1055 01:07:52,835 --> 01:07:56,460 ENCOUNTER WITH FRANCIS JEANSON 1056 01:07:56,668 --> 01:08:01,335 For this year I have a new project. 1057 01:08:01,543 --> 01:08:02,710 What? 1058 01:08:02,918 --> 01:08:05,710 I want to do cultural action. 1059 01:08:05,918 --> 01:08:07,418 But what's that? 1060 01:08:08,668 --> 01:08:11,085 I don't think anyone really knows yet. 1061 01:08:11,293 --> 01:08:13,460 And I want to try an experiment. 1062 01:08:13,668 --> 01:08:16,835 But culture and action are old words. 1063 01:08:16,960 --> 01:08:21,585 Yes, but culture is cut off from action now. 1064 01:08:21,793 --> 01:08:23,210 At least it seems so. 1065 01:08:23,460 --> 01:08:25,460 So it doesn't interest me. 1066 01:08:25,710 --> 01:08:29,335 - Besides, I agree with you. - You do? 1067 01:08:29,543 --> 01:08:32,293 What interests me is 1068 01:08:32,460 --> 01:08:35,668 that culture gives control of the world. 1069 01:08:35,835 --> 01:08:38,543 Concretely, when will you do it? 1070 01:08:38,710 --> 01:08:41,710 I start in two months. 1071 01:08:41,960 --> 01:08:44,335 The experiment will last a year. 1072 01:08:44,585 --> 01:08:47,085 Because I want to see what's possible. 1073 01:08:47,293 --> 01:08:50,293 What is the experiment? 1074 01:08:50,460 --> 01:08:55,168 With a whole team, we're going to try... 1075 01:08:55,335 --> 01:08:57,710 - In what area? - Acting, for example. 1076 01:08:57,918 --> 01:09:01,710 - Theatre? - Yes, in a theatre at Châlon. 1077 01:09:01,960 --> 01:09:05,460 The Bourgogne Theatre. We'll try to... 1078 01:09:05,710 --> 01:09:07,543 You'll move out of town? 1079 01:09:07,710 --> 01:09:10,085 I'm going to Bourgogne. 1080 01:09:10,335 --> 01:09:13,585 But you know, Châlon isn't very far. 1081 01:09:14,585 --> 01:09:16,085 Isn't leaving Paris sad? 1082 01:09:16,293 --> 01:09:18,085 No, I'm glad. 1083 01:09:18,293 --> 01:09:20,210 Delighted? 1084 01:09:20,835 --> 01:09:23,918 Because I can't work here anymore. 1085 01:09:24,085 --> 01:09:27,085 Anyway, I don't write when I'm in Paris. 1086 01:09:27,835 --> 01:09:30,918 My books aren't progressing. 1087 01:09:32,710 --> 01:09:36,918 Maybe I can start this action outside Paris 1088 01:09:37,085 --> 01:09:39,043 and write too. 1089 01:09:40,460 --> 01:09:42,710 Is it important to take action? 1090 01:09:42,960 --> 01:09:46,543 Yes, if we manage 1091 01:09:46,710 --> 01:09:49,460 to do something effective. 1092 01:09:49,668 --> 01:09:53,085 I don't want to start something just for pleasure 1093 01:09:53,335 --> 01:09:55,210 or to soothe my conscience. 1094 01:09:56,210 --> 01:09:58,585 So why start any action? 1095 01:09:59,210 --> 01:10:03,835 It seems to me, on that level there's something to be done. 1096 01:10:03,960 --> 01:10:06,460 To place today's men and women 1097 01:10:06,710 --> 01:10:11,085 in a position to receive the world as it is. 1098 01:10:11,335 --> 01:10:14,460 Not only to receive, but to act on it, 1099 01:10:14,585 --> 01:10:16,460 to have a hold. 1100 01:10:16,710 --> 01:10:20,210 That means you're leaving the university? 1101 01:10:21,085 --> 01:10:23,460 Leaving, if you want. 1102 01:10:23,585 --> 01:10:29,085 I'm breaking with an attitude widespread in the university, 1103 01:10:29,335 --> 01:10:35,085 which is to consider the others, 1104 01:10:35,210 --> 01:10:40,085 the ones we address, as mere receivers. 1105 01:10:40,335 --> 01:10:42,960 It's true, and I wouldn't want to be... 1106 01:10:43,210 --> 01:10:46,710 Isn't what's happening in China important? 1107 01:10:46,960 --> 01:10:49,085 Of course it's important. 1108 01:10:51,085 --> 01:10:55,585 For example, closing the universities I think is great. 1109 01:10:56,335 --> 01:10:59,585 Right, you think it's great. 1110 01:10:59,710 --> 01:11:02,585 But do you have an idea what will happen afterwards? 1111 01:11:03,585 --> 01:11:06,710 They must re-open them. 1112 01:11:06,960 --> 01:11:10,085 The students are in the fields for now. 1113 01:11:11,085 --> 01:11:14,335 That reminds me of something. 1114 01:11:14,585 --> 01:11:16,335 Remember Natalie? 1115 01:11:16,460 --> 01:11:18,835 Yes, I do. 1116 01:11:18,960 --> 01:11:21,710 Her parents voted for Mendes France. 1117 01:11:21,835 --> 01:11:23,835 That doesn't matter. 1118 01:11:24,210 --> 01:11:28,210 Before I prepared for my exams with you in September, 1119 01:11:28,460 --> 01:11:32,960 she and I picked peaches near Avignon. 1120 01:11:33,710 --> 01:11:35,710 Now it seems to me that 1121 01:11:35,835 --> 01:11:39,585 doing manual labour beforehand 1122 01:11:40,835 --> 01:11:44,460 helped me pass the exams. 1123 01:11:44,585 --> 01:11:48,460 That helped you understand what I said, 1124 01:11:49,210 --> 01:11:50,960 talking about philosophy? 1125 01:11:51,085 --> 01:11:53,960 A little. In June... 1126 01:11:54,210 --> 01:11:55,460 I think there's a link. 1127 01:11:55,710 --> 01:11:59,210 In June, I didn't do anything physical and failed. 1128 01:11:59,460 --> 01:12:02,960 I think there's a possible link. 1129 01:12:03,210 --> 01:12:04,835 What's the conclusion? 1130 01:12:05,085 --> 01:12:07,085 You should pick peaches? 1131 01:12:09,460 --> 01:12:11,335 But you agree with me? 1132 01:12:11,460 --> 01:12:15,460 Something's wrong at the university. Many things. 1133 01:12:15,710 --> 01:12:16,960 Of course. 1134 01:12:17,085 --> 01:12:20,585 It's apparent enough. So? 1135 01:12:20,835 --> 01:12:23,335 You agree education's the big problem? 1136 01:12:23,585 --> 01:12:26,710 It's one of the biggest problems. 1137 01:12:27,585 --> 01:12:28,585 So? 1138 01:12:29,585 --> 01:12:32,335 Shouldn't we start from scratch? 1139 01:12:32,585 --> 01:12:34,335 But how? 1140 01:12:35,085 --> 01:12:38,210 Close the universities, like in China. 1141 01:12:38,460 --> 01:12:40,710 You will do that yourself? 1142 01:12:41,460 --> 01:12:44,710 If the authorities aren't capable of it. 1143 01:12:44,835 --> 01:12:46,835 If necessary, I'll close them. 1144 01:12:46,960 --> 01:12:48,335 How? 1145 01:12:51,835 --> 01:12:54,210 I have an idea. 1146 01:12:54,460 --> 01:12:56,960 Tell me your idea, 1147 01:12:57,085 --> 01:12:58,835 if you can. 1148 01:13:01,835 --> 01:13:05,835 You see, what disgusts me is teaching. 1149 01:13:06,585 --> 01:13:11,085 It's always a question of class. Culture is class culture. 1150 01:13:11,335 --> 01:13:13,835 You know the Tutankhamen exhibit. 1151 01:13:14,460 --> 01:13:17,835 Why do all the people run there? The gold. 1152 01:13:17,960 --> 01:13:22,335 Even workers act bourgeois and go and see the gold. 1153 01:13:22,585 --> 01:13:25,710 Because if it was in paper, they wouldn't bother. 1154 01:13:25,960 --> 01:13:27,710 I understand, 1155 01:13:27,960 --> 01:13:29,335 but your idea... 1156 01:13:30,460 --> 01:13:33,210 - Close the university. - But how? 1157 01:13:34,210 --> 01:13:35,585 With bombs. 1158 01:13:36,460 --> 01:13:38,085 With bombs! 1159 01:13:38,335 --> 01:13:40,585 You're going to throw bombs? 1160 01:13:40,710 --> 01:13:42,585 THIS SITUATION 1161 01:13:42,835 --> 01:13:46,835 Once we kill students and teachers, they'll stop going. 1162 01:13:47,585 --> 01:13:49,335 The university will close. 1163 01:13:50,960 --> 01:13:53,335 You're doing that alone? 1164 01:13:57,335 --> 01:13:59,710 Well, there are two or three of us. 1165 01:14:00,210 --> 01:14:03,210 Two or three... But... 1166 01:14:03,335 --> 01:14:06,210 But during the Algerian War, 1167 01:14:06,460 --> 01:14:10,460 when Djamila Bouhired blew up cafes, you defended her 1168 01:14:10,710 --> 01:14:15,085 while all the press was against her. 1169 01:14:15,960 --> 01:14:17,835 All of France was against her. 1170 01:14:18,085 --> 01:14:19,710 That's right. 1171 01:14:19,835 --> 01:14:22,585 Only there was a difference. 1172 01:14:22,710 --> 01:14:23,960 Tell me if I'm wrong. 1173 01:14:24,210 --> 01:14:26,335 Explain it to me. 1174 01:14:26,460 --> 01:14:30,710 There was a whole people behind Djamila. 1175 01:14:30,960 --> 01:14:35,585 Men and women were already fighting. 1176 01:14:35,835 --> 01:14:40,085 It was for independence and I, too, want mine. 1177 01:14:40,210 --> 01:14:44,460 You want independence. How many of you want it that way? 1178 01:14:44,585 --> 01:14:47,585 You told me two or three. 1179 01:14:48,835 --> 01:14:54,335 But many people don't realise it yet. And we think for them. 1180 01:14:55,460 --> 01:14:56,460 It's for them. 1181 01:14:56,585 --> 01:14:59,960 You think you can make a revolution for others? 1182 01:15:00,085 --> 01:15:03,585 But you agree working is part of the struggle. 1183 01:15:03,710 --> 01:15:05,460 But what is the struggle? 1184 01:15:05,710 --> 01:15:07,085 THIS SITUATION MUST CHANGE 1185 01:15:07,210 --> 01:15:10,085 Look, if I want to know 1186 01:15:10,210 --> 01:15:12,585 revolutionary theory and methods, 1187 01:15:12,835 --> 01:15:15,835 I must participate in a revolution. 1188 01:15:16,460 --> 01:15:20,585 You can participate, but you can't invent one. 1189 01:15:20,835 --> 01:15:24,710 But if I want knowledge, I need practical experience. 1190 01:15:25,710 --> 01:15:28,835 - Do you agree? - I do. 1191 01:15:28,960 --> 01:15:31,710 Only revolutionary practice 1192 01:15:31,835 --> 01:15:35,460 implies a knowledge of the situation. 1193 01:15:35,710 --> 01:15:37,960 The situation is bad. 1194 01:15:38,085 --> 01:15:41,210 You know that, but do you know... 1195 01:15:41,335 --> 01:15:43,085 And that'll make it known. 1196 01:15:44,210 --> 01:15:47,710 Do you know a possible remedy? 1197 01:15:47,960 --> 01:15:52,710 But authentic knowledge comes from direct experience. 1198 01:15:53,335 --> 01:15:56,085 First-hand experience. 1199 01:15:56,335 --> 01:16:01,585 Does it tell you the content to give your action? 1200 01:16:01,835 --> 01:16:05,460 Because terrorism is only a start. 1201 01:16:05,835 --> 01:16:08,210 - Isn't it terrorism? - Yes, it is. 1202 01:16:08,335 --> 01:16:13,585 So terrorism supposes underlying bases. 1203 01:16:14,585 --> 01:16:17,210 We've studied for two years. 1204 01:16:17,460 --> 01:16:21,585 For two years, and how have you studied it? 1205 01:16:21,710 --> 01:16:24,585 We live the problem. 1206 01:16:24,710 --> 01:16:25,710 You live it. 1207 01:16:25,960 --> 01:16:29,335 You're no longer a student. You may know nothing. 1208 01:16:29,460 --> 01:16:31,710 I still know a few things. 1209 01:16:31,835 --> 01:16:32,835 No, I'm sorry. 1210 01:16:33,085 --> 01:16:38,710 You're right. I know a few things. Not as much as you, of course. 1211 01:16:38,960 --> 01:16:41,835 - I'm in it. - I don't suffer directly. 1212 01:16:42,085 --> 01:16:43,835 I suffer and I'm not alone. 1213 01:16:43,960 --> 01:16:47,085 But what's the point 1214 01:16:47,335 --> 01:16:51,085 of killing people if you don't know 1215 01:16:51,335 --> 01:16:54,835 what you'll do next, if you don't know what terms... 1216 01:16:54,960 --> 01:16:57,085 But we know what we'll do. 1217 01:16:57,335 --> 01:17:00,085 So, what will you do afterwards? 1218 01:17:01,585 --> 01:17:03,585 I don't believe you know. 1219 01:17:03,835 --> 01:17:07,335 You only know the present system is awful 1220 01:17:07,585 --> 01:17:09,585 and you're impatient to end it. 1221 01:17:09,710 --> 01:17:11,585 Not awful, just bad. 1222 01:17:11,835 --> 01:17:14,460 What we do afterwards is not my work. 1223 01:17:14,710 --> 01:17:17,710 - You don't care. - No, I don't. 1224 01:17:20,210 --> 01:17:23,960 Afterwards, I'll continue studying the situation. 1225 01:17:24,210 --> 01:17:28,585 Where will you study it? 1226 01:17:29,710 --> 01:17:32,835 I'm only a worker producing revolution. 1227 01:17:33,085 --> 01:17:37,085 So be a worker and really work. 1228 01:17:37,335 --> 01:17:42,460 The way you're going you won't last a week, as I see it. 1229 01:17:42,710 --> 01:17:47,210 - Why? - You'll be arrested long before. 1230 01:17:47,335 --> 01:17:50,585 But you ran from the police. 1231 01:17:50,835 --> 01:17:53,335 And it lasted a long time... 1232 01:17:53,460 --> 01:17:58,460 There were many sympathizers among the population, 1233 01:17:58,710 --> 01:18:02,460 because even those not quite in favour 1234 01:18:02,585 --> 01:18:06,085 of Algerian independence didn't denounce us. 1235 01:18:06,710 --> 01:18:10,085 You have sympathizers, but they won't go 1236 01:18:10,210 --> 01:18:14,085 as far as mass murder. 1237 01:18:14,335 --> 01:18:15,960 And it'll be mass murder. 1238 01:18:16,085 --> 01:18:19,210 We need help since some Communists 1239 01:18:19,460 --> 01:18:22,960 are allied with revisionists to denounce us. 1240 01:18:23,210 --> 01:18:26,085 - You didn't know. - You're not prepared... 1241 01:18:26,335 --> 01:18:29,210 L'Humanite and Le Figaro are in league now. 1242 01:18:29,460 --> 01:18:30,960 Alright. 1243 01:18:31,210 --> 01:18:34,460 But your action will lead to nothing 1244 01:18:34,710 --> 01:18:40,710 if it isn't upheld by a group, a class, 1245 01:18:40,960 --> 01:18:44,085 by many men and women 1246 01:18:44,335 --> 01:18:46,710 who agree entirely and will pay... 1247 01:18:46,835 --> 01:18:52,585 Take the young Russian nihilists, for example. 1248 01:18:52,710 --> 01:18:54,710 So? 1249 01:18:55,460 --> 01:18:58,460 They made bombs and criminal attempts. 1250 01:18:58,710 --> 01:19:02,460 And the 1917 revolution came afterwards. In October. 1251 01:19:02,710 --> 01:19:06,960 You think you can compare Czarist Russia 1252 01:19:07,085 --> 01:19:09,835 and the situation now in France? 1253 01:19:10,085 --> 01:19:13,085 You call yourself Marxist-Leninist. 1254 01:19:13,335 --> 01:19:17,460 Well, even if we can't compare them, 1255 01:19:17,710 --> 01:19:21,335 we can draw a lesson from China. 1256 01:19:21,585 --> 01:19:25,960 But the lessons you draw are very abstract. 1257 01:19:26,085 --> 01:19:29,085 You don't draw lessons by superposing... 1258 01:19:29,335 --> 01:19:31,085 You think it's a mistake? 1259 01:19:31,335 --> 01:19:33,210 I think so. 1260 01:19:33,335 --> 01:19:36,210 You're heading towards a dead-end. 1261 01:19:36,460 --> 01:19:37,835 Some comrades 1262 01:19:37,960 --> 01:19:40,835 undertake their main task... 1263 01:19:41,085 --> 01:19:43,460 But not firmly in hand. 1264 01:19:44,210 --> 01:19:47,835 They can't do good work. 1265 01:19:48,085 --> 01:19:51,960 Committee Work Techniques, 13 March 1949. 1266 01:19:52,585 --> 01:19:55,085 It's not so much that. 1267 01:19:55,210 --> 01:19:58,210 I told you the arguments were valid 1268 01:19:58,335 --> 01:20:00,710 but all mixed up. 1269 01:20:00,960 --> 01:20:03,585 Marxism is first of all a science. 1270 01:20:04,460 --> 01:20:05,960 And there, 1271 01:20:06,835 --> 01:20:12,085 the arguments were a mess, off the cuff. 1272 01:20:12,335 --> 01:20:14,710 They were a bit like children. 1273 01:20:14,960 --> 01:20:18,585 Yes, you know the story of the Egyptian children? 1274 01:20:20,460 --> 01:20:22,460 Then I'll tell you. 1275 01:20:23,835 --> 01:20:27,585 The Egyptians believed their language 1276 01:20:28,710 --> 01:20:31,085 was that of the gods. 1277 01:20:31,335 --> 01:20:33,210 One day, to prove it, 1278 01:20:33,335 --> 01:20:37,085 they put new-born babies in a house 1279 01:20:37,335 --> 01:20:39,585 far from any society 1280 01:20:40,460 --> 01:20:43,710 to see if they would learn to talk. 1281 01:20:45,460 --> 01:20:47,710 To speak Egyptian alone. 1282 01:20:49,460 --> 01:20:52,460 They came back 15 years later. 1283 01:20:53,335 --> 01:20:54,960 And what did they find? 1284 01:20:55,085 --> 01:21:00,210 The kids talking together, but bleating like sheep. 1285 01:21:02,210 --> 01:21:04,210 They hadn't noticed 1286 01:21:04,460 --> 01:21:09,085 that next to the house was a sheep-pen. 1287 01:21:11,085 --> 01:21:13,960 For us, in that flat where we were, 1288 01:21:14,210 --> 01:21:17,585 Marxism-Leninism was a bit like the sheep. 1289 01:21:18,710 --> 01:21:19,835 Any volunteers? 1290 01:21:20,960 --> 01:21:22,710 OK. Me. 1291 01:21:24,710 --> 01:21:26,710 I believe in terror. 1292 01:21:28,460 --> 01:21:31,960 For me, whole revolutions 1293 01:21:32,085 --> 01:21:35,210 are made of terror. 1294 01:21:35,460 --> 01:21:36,460 Who is it? 1295 01:21:36,710 --> 01:21:41,335 A bombless revolutionary isn't a revolutionary. 1296 01:21:46,710 --> 01:21:49,335 For the moment, we're only a few. 1297 01:21:50,210 --> 01:21:53,585 Tomorrow, we'll be many. 1298 01:21:54,460 --> 01:21:58,210 Tomorrow, I may no longer exist. 1299 01:21:58,585 --> 01:22:01,710 I am happy, I am proud of that. 1300 01:22:01,835 --> 01:22:04,585 Terrorism is not an act of liberation, 1301 01:22:04,710 --> 01:22:07,335 but a means to impose a programme. 1302 01:22:07,585 --> 01:22:09,585 Give me a bomb. 1303 01:22:10,335 --> 01:22:12,085 Give me a bomb. 1304 01:22:12,335 --> 01:22:14,710 Let's talk in the kitchen. 1305 01:22:14,960 --> 01:22:17,835 I suggest refusing Kirilov and drawing lots. 1306 01:22:33,210 --> 01:22:35,210 You think he'll commit suicide? 1307 01:22:36,960 --> 01:22:38,585 I'm sure of it. 1308 01:22:41,960 --> 01:22:45,085 They say that, but when the time comes... 1309 01:22:45,460 --> 01:22:48,085 It's been going on for two weeks. 1310 01:22:49,835 --> 01:22:52,210 But he's serious this time. 1311 01:22:56,335 --> 01:22:59,335 Still, he didn't want to sign the paper. 1312 01:23:01,710 --> 01:23:03,210 Ask him again. 1313 01:23:05,835 --> 01:23:08,210 I tried all day yesterday. 1314 01:23:08,335 --> 01:23:10,085 You can't talk to him. 1315 01:23:10,335 --> 01:23:12,710 He doesn't want to. 1316 01:23:14,460 --> 01:23:16,710 He still has the revolver? 1317 01:23:17,835 --> 01:23:19,835 He's keeping it. 1318 01:23:20,085 --> 01:23:23,210 He'll give it up once he's shot himself. 1319 01:23:55,835 --> 01:23:57,460 Listen, Serge... 1320 01:23:57,835 --> 01:23:59,585 Give me the paper. 1321 01:24:00,710 --> 01:24:02,210 In my pocket. 1322 01:24:06,585 --> 01:24:08,335 Leave me alone. 1323 01:24:09,460 --> 01:24:10,835 Did you sign it? 1324 01:24:18,335 --> 01:24:21,210 I, Serge Dimitri Kirilov, 1325 01:24:21,460 --> 01:24:24,210 have murdered Michael Sholokov, 1326 01:24:24,460 --> 01:24:27,210 the Soviet Minister of Culture, 1327 01:24:27,460 --> 01:24:31,960 in Paris as the French government's guest. 1328 01:24:35,335 --> 01:24:37,960 The purpose of this murder was, 1329 01:24:38,210 --> 01:24:42,085 one, to stop the Soviet puppet from inaugurating 1330 01:24:42,335 --> 01:24:44,585 the new university buildings 1331 01:24:44,835 --> 01:24:48,210 where he was to speak before the puppet Malraux... 1332 01:24:48,335 --> 01:24:49,835 Go on. 1333 01:24:53,835 --> 01:24:56,960 Two, this is the first murder in a series. 1334 01:24:57,085 --> 01:25:01,210 Violence will be the answer to the cultural suffocation 1335 01:25:01,335 --> 01:25:04,835 willingly imposed on the universities. 1336 01:25:05,085 --> 01:25:08,585 Serge Kirilov, 15 August 1967. Very good. 1337 01:25:46,960 --> 01:25:49,335 Do I wear the hat or not? 1338 01:25:49,460 --> 01:25:50,710 No, I won't. 1339 01:25:50,960 --> 01:25:52,085 You have the gun? 1340 01:25:55,460 --> 01:25:56,960 What's his name again? 1341 01:25:57,085 --> 01:25:58,585 Uh, Shokolov... 1342 01:25:58,835 --> 01:26:01,460 No, Sholokov. 1343 01:26:01,960 --> 01:26:03,210 You sure? 1344 01:26:03,335 --> 01:26:04,960 Yes, that's it. 1345 01:26:06,710 --> 01:26:08,960 But I can't ask his name. 1346 01:26:09,210 --> 01:26:11,835 Do as we already said, you ask for... 1347 01:26:12,085 --> 01:26:15,460 When he looks at the register, you find Sholokov. 1348 01:26:16,710 --> 01:26:18,085 It will be upside down. 1349 01:26:18,335 --> 01:26:21,210 They write big, it's easy. 1350 01:26:26,960 --> 01:26:30,210 Alright. 1351 01:27:24,335 --> 01:27:25,460 So? 1352 01:27:26,210 --> 01:27:29,835 He opened the door and I fired. Come on. 1353 01:27:30,460 --> 01:27:33,710 Shit, shit, stop. 1354 01:27:33,960 --> 01:27:35,335 What is it? 1355 01:27:37,210 --> 01:27:39,835 - I made a mistake. - How's that? 1356 01:27:41,835 --> 01:27:45,085 I read Sholokov upside down alright 1357 01:27:45,210 --> 01:27:47,460 and the room number 23. 1358 01:27:48,085 --> 01:27:51,210 But since it was upside down I inverted. 1359 01:27:51,335 --> 01:27:54,460 That made it 32, so I went to room 32. 1360 01:27:54,710 --> 01:27:57,585 You shot the guy in 32. 1361 01:27:57,835 --> 01:27:59,335 Go back. 1362 01:28:00,460 --> 01:28:02,960 But park in front this time. 1363 01:29:24,710 --> 01:29:26,085 We... Communists 1364 01:29:26,210 --> 01:29:27,210 ...not only... 1365 01:29:27,335 --> 01:29:29,210 ...do not fight... 1366 01:29:29,335 --> 01:29:30,710 ...against just wars... 1367 01:29:30,960 --> 01:29:32,460 ...but take an active part. 1368 01:29:34,460 --> 01:29:36,460 He committed suicide? 1369 01:29:36,585 --> 01:29:37,710 I didn't know. 1370 01:29:39,585 --> 01:29:42,585 Kirilov. 1371 01:29:43,585 --> 01:29:46,335 If Marxism-Leninism exists, 1372 01:29:47,335 --> 01:29:48,710 then anything goes. 1373 01:29:53,085 --> 01:29:54,835 That means we must pay... 1374 01:29:55,085 --> 01:29:56,710 Attention... 1375 01:29:56,960 --> 01:29:59,585 To the quantitative aspect of a problem... 1376 01:29:59,835 --> 01:30:02,960 ...and do quantitative analysis. 1377 01:30:03,210 --> 01:30:05,960 I'm fed up with this job! 1378 01:30:06,210 --> 01:30:09,210 You must participate in changing reality. 1379 01:30:10,210 --> 01:30:13,835 Maybe I'll return to Besancon. 1380 01:30:14,835 --> 01:30:20,710 Will you join the normal Communist Party? 1381 01:30:20,960 --> 01:30:24,460 Certainly, as soon as I find work. 1382 01:30:25,585 --> 01:30:29,585 I've applied at a laboratory. 1383 01:30:30,335 --> 01:30:32,585 And if it doesn't work out, 1384 01:30:32,835 --> 01:30:35,085 I'll go to East Germany. 1385 01:30:35,335 --> 01:30:36,960 They need chemists. 1386 01:30:38,960 --> 01:30:41,835 It's too bad about your quarrels. 1387 01:30:42,585 --> 01:30:44,835 I know it's stupid. 1388 01:30:46,085 --> 01:30:49,460 But you know, what I want... 1389 01:30:50,710 --> 01:30:52,710 ...is some quiet. 1390 01:30:52,960 --> 01:30:54,460 They were too fanatical. 1391 01:30:55,585 --> 01:30:58,085 The silence of infinite space. 1392 01:30:58,210 --> 01:31:02,210 It's not silence that scares me, but sound and fury. 1393 01:31:07,460 --> 01:31:09,835 You never saw them again? 1394 01:31:10,085 --> 01:31:12,085 I don't know what became of them. 1395 01:31:12,335 --> 01:31:14,960 YEAR ZERO THEATRE 1396 01:31:37,085 --> 01:31:38,460 THE 1397 01:31:45,335 --> 01:31:47,335 THEATRICAL 1398 01:31:54,710 --> 01:31:56,710 VOCATION 1399 01:32:05,835 --> 01:32:07,210 OF 1400 01:32:19,210 --> 01:32:21,460 GUILLAUME MEISTER 1401 01:32:27,085 --> 01:32:28,835 Look, how funny. 1402 01:32:28,960 --> 01:32:32,460 ALL ROADS LEAD TO PEKING 1403 01:32:32,710 --> 01:32:34,835 It's disgusting. Mum will be furious. 1404 01:32:35,085 --> 01:32:36,960 They put up your cousin. 1405 01:32:43,335 --> 01:32:46,085 Maybe they killed the minister. 1406 01:32:46,210 --> 01:32:47,960 I hope inside is alright. 1407 01:32:54,210 --> 01:32:56,335 AND 1408 01:32:56,585 --> 01:32:57,960 Fruit and vegetables! 1409 01:32:58,085 --> 01:33:00,210 HIS 1410 01:33:02,335 --> 01:33:04,460 YEARS 1411 01:33:04,585 --> 01:33:06,585 Lettuce, tomatoes... 1412 01:33:06,710 --> 01:33:08,960 OF 1413 01:33:09,210 --> 01:33:11,335 Radishes and eggs: 10 cents! 1414 01:33:11,460 --> 01:33:13,585 One price, fruit and vegetables! 1415 01:33:14,585 --> 01:33:15,960 One lettuce: 10 cents. 1416 01:33:16,210 --> 01:33:19,460 APPRENTICESHIP 1417 01:33:20,085 --> 01:33:23,960 10 cents, one price, try your luck. 1418 01:33:24,960 --> 01:33:27,460 AND 1419 01:33:29,960 --> 01:33:32,210 OF 1420 01:33:40,960 --> 01:33:43,835 TRAVELS ON THE ROAD 1421 01:33:55,335 --> 01:33:57,210 I don't want to see anyone. 1422 01:33:57,335 --> 01:34:01,460 Don't be hurt if my zeal breaks the secret of your solitude. 1423 01:34:04,585 --> 01:34:07,210 How long have you been so afraid? 1424 01:34:07,460 --> 01:34:09,210 Since Marcel left me. 1425 01:34:10,835 --> 01:34:16,835 Under what sign did you bring into the world such an unhappy creature? 1426 01:34:17,085 --> 01:34:19,085 OF A TRUE 1427 01:34:19,335 --> 01:34:20,210 What'll I do? 1428 01:34:21,210 --> 01:34:26,085 Never doubt a god is fighting for you. The sacrifice is over. 1429 01:34:26,210 --> 01:34:29,210 SOCIALIST THEATRE 1430 01:34:29,460 --> 01:34:31,210 Just join the Marxists. 1431 01:34:31,335 --> 01:34:33,085 I want vengeance. 1432 01:34:33,710 --> 01:34:36,335 - You'll lose. - Get out of here. 1433 01:34:36,585 --> 01:34:37,960 But why leave? 1434 01:34:39,460 --> 01:34:41,960 Why be your own enemy? 1435 01:34:43,585 --> 01:34:46,085 I have too much pain. 1436 01:34:50,460 --> 01:34:54,085 Enough, stop. It's time to be logical. 1437 01:34:54,210 --> 01:34:57,335 LAST SCENE OF THE MOVIE 1438 01:35:06,585 --> 01:35:09,085 What shall I tell them? 1439 01:35:09,210 --> 01:35:10,835 I'll write to them. 1440 01:35:11,835 --> 01:35:13,585 You're crazy. 1441 01:35:14,335 --> 01:35:15,585 A dreamer. 1442 01:35:20,835 --> 01:35:24,960 OK, it's fiction, but it brings me closer to reality. 1443 01:35:28,460 --> 01:35:32,085 Everything must be ready Saturday. Coming, Blandine? 1444 01:35:35,335 --> 01:35:36,960 Think about it. 1445 01:35:51,835 --> 01:35:53,585 It was all thought out. 1446 01:35:53,710 --> 01:35:57,085 The end of summer meant back to school for me. 1447 01:35:57,335 --> 01:35:59,835 A struggle for me and some comrades. 1448 01:36:00,085 --> 01:36:01,960 On the other hand, I was wrong. 1449 01:36:02,210 --> 01:36:04,210 I thought I'd made a leap forward. 1450 01:36:04,460 --> 01:36:05,710 And I realised 1451 01:36:05,835 --> 01:36:09,085 I'd made only the first timid step of a long march. 95119

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