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MUSIC
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NEWS REPORTERS
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I am glad there is an absolute
commitment to advancing the
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goal of European integration.
We have very ambitious plans!
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We are very ambitious country,
we are very ambitious
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government! We have
a special Minister
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for European integration
in our cabinet.
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We are changing the face of
our country to become
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member states on the end of the
day of the European Union.
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LAUGHS
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EU member is our
goal, is our vision.
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We want to be part of Europe.
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We want to be colony
and open society.
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Who in their right mind would
actually want to be a colony?
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MUSIC
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MUSIC
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MUSIC
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I don’t think my early childhood
in Yugoslavia was bad at all
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I always got a lot of presents,
the family was close
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and close friends were
the extended family.
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It’s a very close culture,
people really care
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about each other other
in so many ways.
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You just don’t see that
here in the same way,
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people are very isolated from
each other. They work and
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they go home and just watch
television in the evening.
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We liked to watch TV as well
and even had a camcorder,
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which I, being the cinematically
gifted child that I was,
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always tried to get my hands on.
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What I really wanted was
the camera he was holding.
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When mom took over the
camera so dad could come,
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I changed my story.
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I was a clever child.
Clever like a fox.
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Which was one of the
characters of my
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favourite show,
Goodnight kids.
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Sometimes my parents would flip
the channel to the Parliament
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where there were more
bedtime stories.
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As I was getting a little old
for those kinds of stories,
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I did what every Yugoslav
did in the Summer.
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One month free
vacation with pay!
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When was the last time I
had a month vacation…
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We Yugoslavs had it,
every single year.
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But I never noticed,
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I was too young during the
times of Communist Yugoslavia.
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Now I know what you’re thinking.
Communism?
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It’s an international
criminal conspiracy!
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Well, for two decades
prior to 1980
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Yugoslavia was prospering
with its annual
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GDP growth averaging
6.1 percent.
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A decent standard of living,
free medical care and education,
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guaranteed right to a job,
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affordable public transportation
and housing and utilities,
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literacy rate over 90%,
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life expectancy was 72 years.
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Most of the economy was in the
public, not for profit sector.
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Yugoslavia was a different
case because it had
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established it’s own form
of a socialist model
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of economic activity,
which was a mixed economy
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with private capitalist
enterprise, with
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state-run industry and
with worker cooperatives.
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It was considered to
be a success story
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of market socialism.
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It had higher rates
of growth
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than most of the countries
of Western Europe,
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it had an advanced
welfare state,
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it was a multiethnic society
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which lived in harmony,
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and in many regards it was
a model of development.
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I guess you could
say there really is
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something special
about this land.
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So, why have people spilt so
much blood over this land?
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Who was to blame here?
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Before I continue, where are we?
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Yugoslavia was located between
Greece, Italy and Romania
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and it was populated
by Serbs, Croats,
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Bosnian Muslims,
Slovenes, Macedonians,
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all of which are Slavs, and
Albanians,
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Hungarians and others.
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Their country was the
result of a long fight
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to unite the people,
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to show the world what they can
achieve if they work together,
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regardless of what
happened in the past.
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MUSIC LEPA BRENA,
ZIVELA YUGOSLAVIA
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Throughout history, this
idea has been a thorn
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in the eye of many Empires
and world powers.
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The idea was that the Southern
Slavs would not remain weak,
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divided people falling
out among themselves
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or falling prey to some
imperialist outsider.
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Serbs lost their freedom
after the Ottoman Turks
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attacked them in 1389 on
the Field of Blackbirds,
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which is called Kosovo.
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With the Serbs, the
loss of statehood
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that lasted several
centuries, for instance,
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produced a strong anchorage
in the myth of Kosovo.
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Journalists come
to Serbia and say,
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Why are you Serbs
so darn crazy
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that you celebrate a
battle that you lost?
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When you talk about
the Battle of Kosovo.
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And you always talk about a
battle and how great it was,
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that you fought to the
death but you lost?
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Aren’t you guys masochistic?
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Isn’t there something wrong
with you?
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And I said, Ever
heard of the Alamo?
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Remember the Alamo?
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Ever heard of Masada?
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In which the Jews
defended to the death
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and then committed suicide,
rather then to be captured.
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For standing up
against the Turks,
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Serbs were persecuted
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and inventive torture
devices were implemented.
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We lived under
terrible persecution.
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We were whipped,
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we were lynched,
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except the manner in which we
were lynched was by impalement.
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We were impaled.
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If you don’t know what
impalement means,
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impalement means a sharpened
stick is put up your anus,
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driven through your body and
exits through your back
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without going through
your vital organs.
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They were experts, Turkish
Ottoman experts who did that.
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So you were impaled, like Christ
was put on the cross, to suffer.
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There was, however, a
way to avoid all this
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- Convert to Islam!
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And many did, many
had no choice.
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This made a part of the
Slavic population Muslim
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while the rest was
Christian Orthodox.
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On the other hand, the State
Religion of the Austrian Empire
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was Roman Catholic, with a
large Croatian population
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greatly influenced by this.
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When the Austrians illegally
took over Bosnia and it’s large
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Yugoslav population in
1908, the Yugoslav dream
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had never been more threatened.
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So, a group of Yugoslav
nationalists, Young Bosnia
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which included Serbs,
Muslims and Croats,
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decided that enough
was enough.
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A young man, perhaps you’ve
heard of him, Gavrilo Princip,
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shot and killed the Austrian
archduke Ferdinand in Sarajevo.
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Afterwards he was
quoted as saying
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I am a Yugoslav nationalist,
aiming for the unification
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of all Yugoslavs, we must
be free from Austria!
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Although the assassination of
their archduke did kinda make
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make the Austrians mad and heck,
now they had a reason to attack
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attack the last Slavic
stronghold – Serbia.
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This was, however, not the
real reason for the attack
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the Austrians and Germans
had a plan to expand
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their Empire to the East.
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War was the only way
they’d achieve this.
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CANNON FIRING
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During the early
period of World War I.
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A bunch of Yugoslav politicians
fled the Habsburg Empire
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and formed the Yugoslav
Committee in London
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to raise funds and realize
the Yugoslav dream.
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Towards the end of the war,
the Committee met up in
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Corfu, Greece, with the Serbian
government and declared
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that Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
were ,the same by blood,
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by language, by the feelings of
their unity, by the continuity
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and integrity of the territory
which they inhabit undividedly,
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and by the common vital
interests of their national
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survival and manifold
development of their
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moral and material life...
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It was what the Austrians
and Ottomans had feared
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The Old World Order was gone
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Yugoslavs finally got
a country of their own!
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The Kingdom of Yugoslavia
was, sadly, short lived,
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because another war was brewing
soon, the likes of which
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the world has never seen. In
hopes of keeping Yugoslavia out
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of the war, Yugoslav Prince Paul
signed the Tripartite Treaty
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with Nazi Germany in 1941.
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But the British didn’t like
this, so they encouraged
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a coup d’etat and mass
rebellion against the pact.
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The British were happy,
but now Hitler wasn’t.
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In fact, he was so angry
that he wanted to wipe
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Yugoslavia off the map.
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Yugoslavia was attacked
from all sides.
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Yugoslavia at that time was
divided up into 12 pieces
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and some of it went
to fascist Hungary,
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some of it went
to fascist Italy.
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Macedonia went to the
Bulgarians and the Albanians,
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and Serbia was occupied by
the Wermacht and ruled by
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the Germans. Croatia and
Bosnia were united into a
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Croatian fascist state
under the Ustashe regime.
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This was called the
Independent State of Croatia.
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The idea, of course, in 1941
was that Croatia would be a
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condominium for German
power in the Balkans.
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The Croatian fascists were
quick to start eradicating all
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non-Croatian elements
elements in the state.
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You know what that meant?
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Serb hunting season started!
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Yes, Hitler’s final solution
was applied here as well,
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and hundreds of thousands of
Serbs but also Jews, Roma
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and others were killed, most
of them at the 4th largest
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concentration camp in
Europe, Jasenovac.
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A total number of 600,000
were killed at Jasenovac.
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The Croatian fascist regime,
the Ustasha regime,
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had one aspect that was
very distinctly different,
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and that was that it was a
clerical fascist regime.
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It integrated into its
political dictatorship
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the Catholic clergy.
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They were at the top
of the government,
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in the leading councils of
government, and they were also
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in the military and they were
in the concentration camps.
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They were at Jasenovac.
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Some of the actual camp
directors were priests.
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The Croatian inquisition, which
took place in World War II,
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makes the Spanish inquisition
just look like child’s play.
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00:12:29,633 --> 00:12:34,010
Pope Pius supported this fascist
regime, the top leadership of
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the Vatican was fully cognisant
of what was going on there.
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00:12:37,751 --> 00:12:40,669
On the other hand, Royalists
loyal to the crown,
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called Chetniks, decided to act.
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The Chetniks were the
resistance movement
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which even though proclaimed
itself The Royal Yugoslav Army
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in the Fatherland was composed
almost exclusively of the Serbs.
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However, after the bloody
German reprisals in
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Serbia in the fall of
1941, the Chetniks
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00:13:03,334 --> 00:13:07,626
realized that continuing
resistance at any cost, when
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the Germans were killing 100
Serbs for a single dead German
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was self defeating and suicidal.
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This didn’t matter
to the West though,
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they just wanted
dead German bodies.
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So, all aid to the Chetniks was
cut and shifted towards another
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group of fighters who managed
to neutralize all other groups.
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The Yugoslav Partisans!
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The communists, made up of
members of all ethnicities,
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were lead by a guy called Tito.
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In 1943, Tito declared
the new Yugoslavia
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which was finally liberated
two years later.
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Tito, if nothing else,
was brilliant at playing
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political games with big
powers for his own interest,
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which is just what
Yugoslavia needed to gain
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complete independence. It’s
important to say that Tito
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wasn’t just a leader, he was a
brand, recognized in the world.
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MUSIC
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He was one of the founders
of the Non-Aligned movement.
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00:14:01,305 --> 00:14:03,025
And why were they so important?
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00:14:03,056 --> 00:14:07,056
They were able to play a middle
ground for the great powers
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00:14:07,102 --> 00:14:10,986
that allowed the great powers to
potentially talk to each other
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and discuss certain issues
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that could not be
talked about openly.
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He hopes to perform
the difficult feet
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00:14:16,918 --> 00:14:18,851
of walking both
sides of the street
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East and West!
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Tito’s strong arm kept
the country together.
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00:14:24,792 --> 00:14:27,209
When he died on May 4, 1980,
243
00:14:27,584 --> 00:14:29,667
many in Yugoslavia were crying…
244
00:14:29,959 --> 00:14:31,835
maybe not so much
for him as much
245
00:14:31,918 --> 00:14:34,085
they were crying for
Yugoslavia itself.
246
00:14:35,881 --> 00:14:38,494
MUSIC
247
00:14:39,792 --> 00:14:42,959
His funeral was the largest
funeral for a statesman
248
00:14:43,042 --> 00:14:44,376
in recorded history.
249
00:14:46,698 --> 00:14:49,324
MUSIC
250
00:14:53,709 --> 00:14:55,543
Then things started
to fall apart
251
00:14:55,584 --> 00:14:57,751
when Yugoslavia began
to get into debt to
252
00:14:57,792 --> 00:15:00,017
international creditors
shortly after Tito’s death.
253
00:15:00,042 --> 00:15:02,709
In 1984, while the eyes of
the world were pointed at
254
00:15:02,792 --> 00:15:06,084
Sarajevo where the Winter
Olympic Games were being held
255
00:15:06,125 --> 00:15:08,542
held the Reagan administration
was specifically targeting
256
00:15:08,584 --> 00:15:10,626
the Yugoslav economy
in a secret memo,
257
00:15:10,751 --> 00:15:14,085
National Security
Decisions Directive 133,
258
00:15:14,334 --> 00:15:17,918
which stated that: U.S. policy
will be to promote the trend
259
00:15:17,959 --> 00:15:20,460
toward a market-oriented
Yugoslav economy.
260
00:15:20,667 --> 00:15:23,293
And it was in line with
previous decisions directives
261
00:15:23,334 --> 00:15:26,793
which advocated expanded efforts
to promote a quiet revolution
262
00:15:26,876 --> 00:15:29,418
to overthrow Communist
governments and parties.
263
00:15:29,542 --> 00:15:33,584
It triggers a whole series
of other initiatives,
264
00:15:33,667 --> 00:15:36,876
most of which are
not published.
265
00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:40,250
The Decisions Directive
simply states
266
00:15:40,667 --> 00:15:44,293
that what the US would
want to achieve
267
00:15:44,417 --> 00:15:49,168
is that Yugoslavia ceases to
be a market socialist economy
268
00:15:49,209 --> 00:15:51,751
and becomes a free market
economy, modelled on the West.
269
00:15:51,792 --> 00:15:54,584
As the Soviet system was
on its last legs in 1988,
270
00:15:54,626 --> 00:15:58,001
Washington wasted no time in
sending advisers to Yugoslavia
271
00:15:58,042 --> 00:16:01,376
from a non-profit organization
with a high-sounding name,
272
00:16:01,501 --> 00:16:04,085
the National Endowment
for Democracy,
273
00:16:04,209 --> 00:16:05,251
or NED.
274
00:16:05,334 --> 00:16:07,626
Good morning and welcome.
275
00:16:08,375 --> 00:16:10,458
It’s good to have you
all here to help
276
00:16:10,501 --> 00:16:13,543
celebrate the launching of a
program with a vision and a
277
00:16:13,584 --> 00:16:15,251
and a noble purpose,
278
00:16:15,375 --> 00:16:17,709
the establishment of
the National Endowment
279
00:16:17,959 --> 00:16:20,126
goes right to the heart
of America’s faith in
280
00:16:20,167 --> 00:16:22,001
democratic ideals
and institutions.
281
00:16:22,042 --> 00:16:25,209
However, Allen Weinstein,
who planned the NED
282
00:16:25,292 --> 00:16:27,834
told the Washington
Post in 1991 that:
283
00:16:27,959 --> 00:16:30,334
a lot of what we do
today was done covertly
284
00:16:30,417 --> 00:16:32,584
25 years ago by the CIA.
285
00:16:32,627 --> 00:16:34,876
This basically means
that the NED was really
286
00:16:34,920 --> 00:16:36,680
a sort of CIA spin-off.
287
00:16:36,709 --> 00:16:39,709
Instead of having just the
CIA going behind the scenes
288
00:16:39,784 --> 00:16:43,784
and trying to manipulate the
process by inserting money here
289
00:16:43,816 --> 00:16:45,564
and instructions
there and so forth.
290
00:16:45,589 --> 00:16:47,417
They have, now, a sidekick
291
00:16:47,442 --> 00:16:50,854
– which is this National
Endowment for Democracy. NED.
292
00:16:50,870 --> 00:16:54,393
Thus the NED started handing out
generous bribes in every corner
293
00:16:54,418 --> 00:16:56,956
of Yugoslavia, financing
opposition groups,
294
00:16:56,981 --> 00:16:59,018
buying up hungry young
journalists with
295
00:16:59,043 --> 00:17:00,443
dreams of a new life,
296
00:17:00,468 --> 00:17:02,018
and financing trade
union opposition,
297
00:17:02,040 --> 00:17:04,440
pro-IMF economists and
human rights NGOs.
298
00:17:04,581 --> 00:17:07,132
The National Endowment for
Democracy also controls
299
00:17:07,160 --> 00:17:09,280
and pays for the Center
for International Private
300
00:17:09,321 --> 00:17:12,367
Enterprise which in turn
funded the G-17.
301
00:17:12,703 --> 00:17:14,437
Who were the G-17?
302
00:17:14,820 --> 00:17:18,241
They were an NGO made up of
17 free market economists,
303
00:17:18,275 --> 00:17:19,843
with three of the
leading members being
304
00:17:19,868 --> 00:17:22,273
Washington-based staff
members of the International
305
00:17:22,280 --> 00:17:25,120
Monetary Fund and World Bank
- Dusan Vujovic,
306
00:17:25,160 --> 00:17:27,680
Zeliko Bogetic and
Branko Milanovic.
307
00:17:27,800 --> 00:17:30,000
G-17 coordinator
Professor Veselin
308
00:17:30,040 --> 00:17:32,360
Vukotic worked closely
with the World bank,
309
00:17:32,368 --> 00:17:34,375
and, as the Minister
of Privatization
310
00:17:34,400 --> 00:17:36,640
under Yugoslav Premier
Ante markovic,
311
00:17:36,657 --> 00:17:38,086
he was in charge
of the World Bank
312
00:17:38,111 --> 00:17:40,203
bankruptcy program
in Yugoslavia
313
00:17:40,228 --> 00:17:42,734
during 1989-1990,
which led to the
314
00:17:42,759 --> 00:17:45,109
devastation of the
Yugoslav economy.
315
00:17:45,141 --> 00:17:47,746
Other members of the
G-17 consult for the
316
00:17:47,778 --> 00:17:50,442
World Bank and attend
World Bank-organized meetings.
317
00:17:50,467 --> 00:17:53,043
In 2002, they formed
a political party
318
00:17:53,068 --> 00:17:55,337
in Serbia, and since
then, despite
319
00:17:55,362 --> 00:17:57,267
the fact that in every
election they’ve
320
00:17:57,292 --> 00:17:59,829
gotten between 7% and
11% of the popular
321
00:17:59,854 --> 00:18:02,159
vote, G-17 controlled
the Ministry of
322
00:18:02,184 --> 00:18:04,571
Finance and Ministry
of Economy of Serbia.
323
00:18:04,619 --> 00:18:06,689
This is not simply a
group of economists.
324
00:18:06,714 --> 00:18:09,837
It is a network. The
IMF and World Bank
325
00:18:09,862 --> 00:18:12,556
use this network to
impose their policies
326
00:18:12,581 --> 00:18:14,736
on Yugoslavia. And
how do they do it?
327
00:18:14,761 --> 00:18:17,867
First, they force governments
to do away with any
328
00:18:17,892 --> 00:18:20,453
social protections subsidized
food or rent, free
329
00:18:20,478 --> 00:18:23,414
transportation, free medical
care. You know, all
330
00:18:23,439 --> 00:18:25,399
those things you don’t
really need. Out the window.
331
00:18:25,428 --> 00:18:27,740
You cut back public
sector spending, you cut
332
00:18:27,765 --> 00:18:31,818
wages, you cut employment,
you abolish worker
333
00:18:31,843 --> 00:18:34,350
management enterprise,
in other words, you
334
00:18:34,375 --> 00:18:37,217
force your people to
work harder for less.
335
00:18:37,225 --> 00:18:40,460
Second, they use economic
manipulation and new laws to
336
00:18:40,485 --> 00:18:43,607
force businesses, public and
private, into bankruptcy.
337
00:18:43,631 --> 00:18:46,370
The World Bank describes
this mechanism
338
00:18:46,395 --> 00:18:50,690
as a trigger, as a trigger
mechanism, they use that term.
339
00:18:51,170 --> 00:18:55,841
They say we need to trigger the
bankruptcy of Yugoslav industry.
340
00:18:57,511 --> 00:19:00,307
Then these businesses are
taken over by a small
341
00:19:00,332 --> 00:19:02,706
clique of leveraged
buyout speculators and
342
00:19:02,731 --> 00:19:05,073
other powerful foreign
economic interests. They
343
00:19:05,098 --> 00:19:07,190
purchase the businesses
at rock bottom prices.
344
00:19:07,215 --> 00:19:10,498
Creditors could
simply take hold of
345
00:19:10,523 --> 00:19:13,593
these enterprises
within a 45 day
346
00:19:13,618 --> 00:19:16,667
period and either
the enterprise had
347
00:19:16,692 --> 00:19:19,682
to close down or
it was privatized.
348
00:19:19,691 --> 00:19:23,143
This is called Privatization
through Liquidation
349
00:19:23,168 --> 00:19:25,167
World Bank data
confirms that under
350
00:19:25,200 --> 00:19:27,800
Vukotic’s direction
from January 1989
351
00:19:27,824 --> 00:19:30,125
to September 1990,
more than 1100
352
00:19:30,150 --> 00:19:32,956
industrial firms
were wiped out.
353
00:19:34,120 --> 00:19:36,682
The standard of living
declined 18% between
354
00:19:36,707 --> 00:19:39,964
January and October 1990.
This downturn
355
00:19:39,989 --> 00:19:42,322
raised unemployment to
20 percent and thus
356
00:19:42,347 --> 00:19:44,584
increased tensions
between the republics.
357
00:19:44,609 --> 00:19:47,818
Impoverish the
population through
358
00:19:47,843 --> 00:19:50,850
these sweeping IMF
reforms, which
359
00:19:50,875 --> 00:19:53,693
in turn contributed
to heightening
360
00:19:53,718 --> 00:19:55,873
social and ethnic strife.
361
00:19:55,936 --> 00:19:58,587
So you had dissatisfaction
of everybody and
362
00:19:58,612 --> 00:20:00,960
everybody’s looking
for a guilty party.
363
00:20:21,320 --> 00:20:24,000
In desperation, Prime
Minister Markovic
364
00:20:24,008 --> 00:20:25,882
visited Washington to
meet with President
365
00:20:25,920 --> 00:20:27,520
George H. Bush. He
said that rising
366
00:20:27,539 --> 00:20:29,839
tensions among
nationalities would
367
00:20:29,864 --> 00:20:32,160
be a consequence of his
austerity privatization
368
00:20:32,185 --> 00:20:34,222
plan, so he asked for a billion
369
00:20:34,247 --> 00:20:36,277
dollars in aid, and
said that, if aid
370
00:20:36,302 --> 00:20:38,277
didn’t come, there
would be trouble.
371
00:20:38,637 --> 00:20:41,539
And we all know the Americans
didn’t want any trouble.
372
00:20:41,564 --> 00:20:44,695
In November of 1990. President
George Bush
373
00:20:44,727 --> 00:20:48,336
went to the U.S. Congress and
pressured them to pass the
374
00:20:48,361 --> 00:20:52,031
Foreign Appropriations
Law that called for the
375
00:20:52,056 --> 00:20:55,230
cutting off of all aid and
credits to Yugoslavia.
376
00:20:55,255 --> 00:20:58,451
The law also demanded
that if any republic
377
00:20:58,476 --> 00:21:02,685
in Yugoslavia wanted further
U.S. aid, it would have to break
378
00:21:02,710 --> 00:21:06,716
away from Yugoslavia and
declare its independence. OK?
379
00:21:06,741 --> 00:21:11,005
It’s not a conspiracy theory,
it’s not my speculation, it’s
380
00:21:11,038 --> 00:21:14,974
not my analysis, it’s a public
law! It’s a public law!
381
00:21:14,999 --> 00:21:18,387
It required the U.S. State
Department approval of election
382
00:21:18,412 --> 00:21:22,769
procedures and results in every
one of the republics! It
383
00:21:22,794 --> 00:21:25,996
required that the republics
not hold national elections,
384
00:21:26,021 --> 00:21:29,746
but hold elections only in
their own republics. And that
385
00:21:29,778 --> 00:21:33,146
the aid would only go
individually to these republics,
386
00:21:33,171 --> 00:21:36,279
and when the aid did go, it
went to those groups which the
387
00:21:36,304 --> 00:21:39,237
U.S. defined as democratic
groups, which meant small,
388
00:21:39,249 --> 00:21:43,409
right-wing, ultra nationalist
and even fascistic parties.
389
00:21:43,434 --> 00:21:48,041
This fracturing of
Yugoslavia was not the
390
00:21:48,066 --> 00:21:51,127
result of pre-existing
internal divisions.
391
00:21:51,152 --> 00:21:54,922
Those internal divisions
were heightened
392
00:21:54,947 --> 00:21:58,624
as a result of an
outside intervention.
393
00:21:58,649 --> 00:22:02,067
By 1991, the inflation
was 200% and
394
00:22:02,092 --> 00:22:04,020
the Yugoslav federal government
395
00:22:04,045 --> 00:22:06,692
was unable to pay the enormous
interest on its foreign debt
396
00:22:06,717 --> 00:22:08,567
or even to arrange
the purchase of
397
00:22:08,592 --> 00:22:09,964
raw materials for its industry.
398
00:22:09,989 --> 00:22:11,815
Credit collapsed
and recriminations
399
00:22:11,839 --> 00:22:13,628
broke out on all sides.
400
00:22:13,660 --> 00:22:15,995
Cooperation between
the republics and the
401
00:22:16,020 --> 00:22:18,189
Belgrade central government
virtually ceased.
402
00:22:18,214 --> 00:22:20,170
The republics were
not getting any
403
00:22:20,195 --> 00:22:21,748
money from the
federal government,
404
00:22:21,773 --> 00:22:24,134
they weren’t transferring
any tax revenues,
405
00:22:24,159 --> 00:22:27,682
so the whole federal fiscal
structure had collapsed and
406
00:22:27,690 --> 00:22:30,501
the republics were left
to their own devices
407
00:22:30,651 --> 00:22:35,525
and then came in the new
form of nationalism.
408
00:22:35,533 --> 00:22:37,667
As the Americans
demanded, multi-party
409
00:22:37,692 --> 00:22:40,198
elections were held and
economic policy was at
410
00:22:40,223 --> 00:22:42,511
the center of the political
debate as nationalist
411
00:22:42,536 --> 00:22:45,061
and separatist
coalitions ousted the
412
00:22:45,086 --> 00:22:47,343
Communists in Croatia,
Bosnia and Slovenia.
413
00:22:47,368 --> 00:22:49,767
And with the republics
at one another's'
414
00:22:49,792 --> 00:22:52,090
throats, both the
economy and the nation
415
00:22:52,115 --> 00:22:55,270
itself embarked on a
vicious downward spiral.
416
00:22:55,630 --> 00:22:58,098
Of course, the local
political figures
417
00:22:58,123 --> 00:23:00,654
did their best to
calm the people down.
418
00:23:14,840 --> 00:23:17,390
The people needed a hero
to save them, someone
419
00:23:17,415 --> 00:23:19,898
with their interest at heart.
Instead,
420
00:23:20,266 --> 00:23:21,609
they got these guys.
421
00:23:22,573 --> 00:23:24,917
In 1991, elections
were held in the
422
00:23:24,960 --> 00:23:27,439
Bosnian republic of Yugoslavia.
Alija
423
00:23:27,440 --> 00:23:29,840
Izetbegovic, a former Nazi
collaborator in World
424
00:23:29,868 --> 00:23:32,642
War II, was a candidate
who had an Islamic
425
00:23:32,667 --> 00:23:35,009
vision for the mainly
Christian Bosnia, as
426
00:23:35,034 --> 00:23:36,876
professed in this
little book he wrote,
427
00:23:36,885 --> 00:23:40,111
There can be neither peace nor
coexistence between the Islamic
428
00:23:40,136 --> 00:23:43,322
religion and non-Islamic social
and political institutions.
429
00:23:43,611 --> 00:23:45,245
Alija lost the
elections to the moderate
430
00:23:45,280 --> 00:23:48,279
Muslim leader Fikret Abdic.
Losing the elections
431
00:23:48,280 --> 00:23:50,480
didn’t stop our Alija
though, so he madea a deal
432
00:23:50,487 --> 00:23:53,064
with Fikret, where Alija
would be President,
433
00:23:53,089 --> 00:23:55,493
but would quit a year.
So, faster than you can
434
00:23:55,518 --> 00:23:58,204
say Islamic Declaration,
Alija made sure his
435
00:23:58,229 --> 00:24:01,001
Presidency was extended
due to the crisis, as
436
00:24:01,026 --> 00:24:03,868
you can’t have a power
struggle in such tragic times.
437
00:24:03,893 --> 00:24:06,579
In fact, there was a
moment when Alija could’ve
438
00:24:06,604 --> 00:24:08,579
prevented the war, when
he signed the Lisbon
439
00:24:08,604 --> 00:24:11,345
Agreement in 1992, which
would’ve made Bosnia
440
00:24:11,370 --> 00:24:13,572
a confederation of
three regions. Alija
441
00:24:13,597 --> 00:24:15,968
didn’t like this, he
wanted all the power.
442
00:24:16,807 --> 00:24:19,101
Luckily for him, the
Americans didn’t like this
443
00:24:19,126 --> 00:24:22,531
peace idea either. So,
the American ambassador
444
00:24:22,556 --> 00:24:25,461
to Yugoslavia, Warren
Zimmerman, stepped in.
445
00:24:25,486 --> 00:24:28,242
So, my cabinet was
in this meeting
446
00:24:28,267 --> 00:24:30,047
with Zimmerman and Izetbegovic.
447
00:24:30,072 --> 00:24:32,038
Izetbegovic had
just come back from
448
00:24:32,063 --> 00:24:34,468
Lisbon and Zimmerman
says to him well,
449
00:24:34,743 --> 00:24:37,057
you know, you could get a lot
more from
450
00:24:37,082 --> 00:24:39,893
U.S. recognition if
you just waited.
451
00:24:41,090 --> 00:24:44,175
And my cabinet told
me his jaw just hit the floor.
452
00:24:44,456 --> 00:24:46,723
If you don’t like
it, why sign it?
453
00:24:47,402 --> 00:24:50,831
Alija took the American advice
and withdrew his signature,
454
00:24:50,856 --> 00:24:54,073
fortified his power, and the
Americans recognized it.
455
00:24:54,113 --> 00:24:56,978
Another guy who just
loved his power was the
456
00:24:57,000 --> 00:24:59,280
one, the only, Slobodan
Milosevic! Slobo,
457
00:24:59,323 --> 00:25:02,498
as the masses liked
to call him, knew how
458
00:25:02,523 --> 00:25:04,889
to use those masses to
get what he wanted.
459
00:25:09,404 --> 00:25:11,254
With a little luck and
help from his close
460
00:25:11,279 --> 00:25:13,614
friend Ivan, the President
of Serbia, he got
461
00:25:13,639 --> 00:25:16,411
sent to Kosovo in 1987 where
Serbs felt threatened
462
00:25:16,436 --> 00:25:18,934
by the Albanians.
During a scuffle with
463
00:25:18,959 --> 00:25:21,286
the police, one Serb asked
Slobo why the police
464
00:25:21,311 --> 00:25:23,895
were beating them.
Slobo then rightfully proclaimed
465
00:25:28,342 --> 00:25:30,756
He became an overnight
star, as the protector
466
00:25:30,781 --> 00:25:33,475
of all Serbs! However,
the incident with the
467
00:25:33,500 --> 00:25:36,279
police was fairly localized.
This guy needed
468
00:25:36,304 --> 00:25:38,748
a bigger stage. So, because
he was so thankful
469
00:25:38,773 --> 00:25:40,561
to his friend Ivan,
he booted him from
470
00:25:40,586 --> 00:25:43,490
the Presidency. He also got
him killed a decade later.
471
00:25:43,515 --> 00:25:45,428
You’d think that
after Slobo became
472
00:25:45,453 --> 00:25:47,256
the new President of
Serbia, he’d calm down,
473
00:25:47,281 --> 00:25:50,139
but no. He still
needed a bigger stage,
474
00:25:50,163 --> 00:25:53,150
and what luck, a big
anniversary was coming up.
475
00:25:55,394 --> 00:25:57,759
As Serbs were marking
the 600th anniversary
476
00:25:57,784 --> 00:25:59,884
of the Battle of Kosovo,
which is the crux
477
00:25:59,909 --> 00:26:02,275
of their historical
culture, waving Serbian,
478
00:26:02,300 --> 00:26:04,782
Yugoslav, American and,
wow, Canadian flags,
479
00:26:04,807 --> 00:26:07,454
singing patriotic
songs, Slobo took the
480
00:26:07,479 --> 00:26:09,306
stage and what the
West described as a
481
00:26:09,331 --> 00:26:12,845
nationalist call to arms,
inflamed the audience!
482
00:26:42,800 --> 00:26:45,400
Alright, maybe it wasn’t
that inflammatory, but at
483
00:26:45,437 --> 00:26:48,294
least the opera singers
afterwards were pretty cool.
484
00:26:48,319 --> 00:26:51,154
OPERA SINGING
485
00:26:51,514 --> 00:26:53,961
But if you think this
guy had high ambitions,
486
00:26:53,986 --> 00:26:56,639
what about a guy being
compared to Jesus Christ?
487
00:27:19,472 --> 00:27:22,033
Holy *bleep*. The
saviour of the Croatian
488
00:27:22,058 --> 00:27:25,495
people, Franjo Tudjman.
No pressure, eh?
489
00:27:25,831 --> 00:27:27,598
Now, Franjo won the
elections fair
490
00:27:27,623 --> 00:27:29,395
and square, but
the people around
491
00:27:29,420 --> 00:27:30,957
him weren’t really
good at hiding
492
00:27:30,982 --> 00:27:32,426
what was going to happen next.
493
00:27:34,600 --> 00:27:36,920
Even these guys aren’t
buying it. Franjo’s
494
00:27:36,935 --> 00:27:39,840
government was quick to arm
themselves, illegally.
495
00:27:42,887 --> 00:27:44,813
Yeah right, what about this?
496
00:27:47,989 --> 00:27:50,792
It seemed like war was the
only option. Thankfully,
497
00:27:50,817 --> 00:27:54,223
there were many citizens
who just said NO.
498
00:27:54,354 --> 00:27:59,267
All we are saying is
give peace a chance
499
00:28:11,444 --> 00:28:14,075
MUSIC
500
00:28:15,218 --> 00:28:18,264
Yugoslavs stood a lot
to lose if Yugoslavia broke up
501
00:28:18,289 --> 00:28:19,624
For 50
years, they grew
502
00:28:19,649 --> 00:28:21,655
up together, lived
together, married
503
00:28:21,680 --> 00:28:23,187
each other and at
the centre of all
504
00:28:23,209 --> 00:28:25,584
this was Bosnia, with
a mixed population
505
00:28:25,585 --> 00:28:27,834
of Muslims, Serbs
and Croats a
506
00:28:27,868 --> 00:28:30,023
sort of mini-Yugoslavia
in itself. Massive
507
00:28:30,048 --> 00:28:31,882
anti-war rallies
were held in its
508
00:28:31,907 --> 00:28:33,990
capital Sarajevo,
which had the largest
509
00:28:34,015 --> 00:28:35,693
number of ethnically
mixed marriages,
510
00:28:35,718 --> 00:28:37,677
with a message to
the politicians:
511
00:28:37,702 --> 00:28:40,583
Don’t sacrifice
peace for political ambition!
512
00:28:41,145 --> 00:28:42,682
But with little
higher interest in
513
00:28:42,707 --> 00:28:44,479
keeping Yugoslavia
together, the
514
00:28:44,504 --> 00:28:46,297
politicians decided
to send a message
515
00:28:46,322 --> 00:28:47,972
of their own to the
demonstrators.
516
00:28:48,503 --> 00:28:51,894
GUN SHOTS
517
00:28:52,910 --> 00:28:56,573
POLICE SIRENS
518
00:29:00,122 --> 00:29:02,417
Slovenia and Croatia
were the first who
519
00:29:02,442 --> 00:29:04,894
decided that peaceful
negotiations weren’t
520
00:29:04,919 --> 00:29:07,261
working out for them.
So, they unilaterally
521
00:29:07,286 --> 00:29:08,977
declared independence in 1991.
522
00:29:16,761 --> 00:29:19,228
Bosnia followed in 1992.
All of them
523
00:29:19,253 --> 00:29:21,652
were quickly recognized
by the West.
524
00:29:21,707 --> 00:29:24,215
When the White House
announced that we would
525
00:29:24,240 --> 00:29:27,036
be recognizing Slovenia,
Croatia and Bosnia,
526
00:29:27,794 --> 00:29:30,700
we at the State Department
had no idea what
527
00:29:30,725 --> 00:29:32,872
that decision would be
before it was announced,
528
00:29:32,897 --> 00:29:35,012
which is a very peculiar
state of affairs.
529
00:29:35,415 --> 00:29:37,731
I was a desk officer,
office director,
530
00:29:37,756 --> 00:29:39,419
nobody at the working
level had any
531
00:29:39,444 --> 00:29:41,965
idea what the White
House would decide.
532
00:29:42,602 --> 00:29:44,950
So, you can say just
that the decision
533
00:29:45,098 --> 00:29:47,090
was a political one, it was not
534
00:29:47,295 --> 00:29:49,118
based on a careful
consideration
535
00:29:49,125 --> 00:29:51,003
of what recognition
might entail.
536
00:29:51,028 --> 00:29:53,833
It was, in essence, a dependable
way of making conflict
537
00:29:53,858 --> 00:29:57,512
inevitable. The question was,
would the people buy it?
538
00:29:58,000 --> 00:30:02,335
MUSIC
539
00:30:04,400 --> 00:30:08,280
Of course, as history has shown,
there was one sure-fire way
540
00:30:08,318 --> 00:30:11,566
to mobilize public opinion
in favour of a conflict and
541
00:30:11,591 --> 00:30:15,107
bring them back to the WWII
mentality where all Serbs became
542
00:30:15,120 --> 00:30:19,240
Chetniks and all Croats Ustashe.
Hardcore propaganda!
543
00:32:28,160 --> 00:32:28,920
Yup,
544
00:32:29,112 --> 00:32:31,445
they were pretty
much all the same.
545
00:33:01,447 --> 00:33:03,846
There was no official
military mobilization,
546
00:33:03,871 --> 00:33:05,822
it all worked on a
voluntary basis.
547
00:33:12,385 --> 00:33:15,260
One man, though, who could
make a difference, realized
548
00:33:15,285 --> 00:33:19,045
where this madness was heading.
His name was JOSIP KIR.
549
00:33:41,487 --> 00:33:43,721
As rebel Serbs had put
up road blocks to
550
00:33:43,746 --> 00:33:46,213
control passages towards
Serb-populated areas,
551
00:33:46,238 --> 00:33:48,846
Josip Kir, who was a
Croat, decided to
552
00:33:48,871 --> 00:33:51,518
resolve these issues
in a peaceful manner.
553
00:34:19,096 --> 00:34:21,896
Kir was quickly becoming an
obstacle to the aspirations
554
00:34:21,921 --> 00:34:25,049
of the Croatian HDZ and
had to be taken out.
555
00:34:34,643 --> 00:34:38,549
Who ordered the assassination,
however, remains unresolved.
556
00:34:46,878 --> 00:34:50,596
Yes, the war had started, best
characterized by two words!
557
00:34:50,838 --> 00:34:53,372
Ethnic cleansing,
ethnic cleansing...
558
00:34:56,409 --> 00:34:58,416
Ethnic cleansing.
The term, however,
559
00:34:58,441 --> 00:35:00,166
was nothing new in
the Balkans, as it
560
00:35:00,191 --> 00:35:02,713
was first used in
WWII to describe how
561
00:35:02,738 --> 00:35:04,533
the Croatian Ustashe
were cleansing
562
00:35:04,558 --> 00:35:06,877
Croatia of unwelcome
ethnic elements
563
00:35:06,909 --> 00:35:09,400
such as Serbs and Jews.
In the minds
564
00:35:09,425 --> 00:35:11,830
of Serbs during the
1990s, this was
565
00:35:11,855 --> 00:35:14,240
very much engraved
in their national memory.
566
00:35:14,265 --> 00:35:16,072
Franjo didn’t care
because he knew
567
00:35:16,097 --> 00:35:18,501
he had the support
of just the right people.
568
00:35:18,533 --> 00:35:19,924
German Foreign Minister
569
00:35:19,960 --> 00:35:22,120
Hans-Dietrich Genscher,
in almost daily
570
00:35:22,144 --> 00:35:24,118
contact with Zagreb, gave his
go-ahead
571
00:35:24,143 --> 00:35:26,641
for Croatian secession
and actually pressured
572
00:35:26,728 --> 00:35:29,922
its Western allies to recognize
Slovenia and Croatia.
573
00:35:37,600 --> 00:35:40,360
The German Serbophobia
it was geopolitical
574
00:35:40,400 --> 00:35:43,524
in the sense of 1914 and 1941.
575
00:35:44,259 --> 00:35:47,813
And that continuity also
reflected itself in the almost
576
00:35:47,838 --> 00:35:51,219
visceral preference for the
Croats and the Slovenes,
577
00:35:51,235 --> 00:35:54,375
who after all had belonged
to the German cultural
578
00:35:54,400 --> 00:35:58,282
and state structures
for hundreds of years.
579
00:35:58,845 --> 00:36:01,350
There was, however, one
problem in this plan.
580
00:36:01,375 --> 00:36:02,921
The Serbs – who were
now
581
00:36:02,946 --> 00:36:05,139
a constitutional
people of Croatia!
582
00:36:05,164 --> 00:36:08,366
That pretty much meant that
no decisions about Croatia
583
00:36:08,391 --> 00:36:10,218
could be made without
the Serbs, while
584
00:36:10,243 --> 00:36:12,304
Serbs and Croats had
an equal status.
585
00:36:12,329 --> 00:36:14,718
Now, Serbs were
facing increasing
586
00:36:14,743 --> 00:36:17,257
discrimination by the
Croatian government.
587
00:36:17,282 --> 00:36:20,514
A lot of people were
killed outright and threatened.
588
00:36:20,539 --> 00:36:24,460
People lost their jobs.
It wasn’t just
589
00:36:24,485 --> 00:36:28,819
Serbs, even say Croatians
who’s married partner
590
00:36:28,844 --> 00:36:31,663
was Serbian faced
similar discrimination.
591
00:36:31,717 --> 00:36:34,217
Franjo knew this all too well.
So what
592
00:36:34,242 --> 00:36:36,741
did he do? He wrote
a new Constitution.
593
00:36:36,949 --> 00:36:40,144
The constitution says that
Croatia is a country of Croats.
594
00:36:40,169 --> 00:36:43,400
That’s automatic ethnic
cleansing. Constitutional.
595
00:36:43,425 --> 00:36:46,411
By creating such a Croatian
constitution, Franjo
596
00:36:46,436 --> 00:36:49,427
violated the Yugoslav
constitution which he considered
597
00:36:49,452 --> 00:36:51,200
invalid, but he still
wanted to keep the internal
598
00:36:51,225 --> 00:36:54,052
Yugoslav borders. The Serbs
had a different idea.
599
00:36:57,543 --> 00:36:59,891
What the Croatian Serbs
wanted was to have
600
00:36:59,916 --> 00:37:02,016
control over the lands
they populated,
601
00:37:02,041 --> 00:37:03,930
their own self-government,
their schools,
602
00:37:03,955 --> 00:37:05,860
a right to preserve
their language,
603
00:37:05,885 --> 00:37:07,305
culture and national identity.
604
00:37:07,330 --> 00:37:08,759
The Croats really wanted
the same, feeling
605
00:37:08,784 --> 00:37:11,040
threatened by what was
now being described
606
00:37:11,054 --> 00:37:13,454
by Zagreb as the
Serbo-Yugoslav giant.
607
00:37:13,479 --> 00:37:15,882
The Serbs thought,
well, if Croats can
608
00:37:15,907 --> 00:37:18,202
separate from Yugoslavia,
why can’t the Serbs
609
00:37:18,227 --> 00:37:20,296
separate from Croatia?
After all, the same
610
00:37:20,321 --> 00:37:22,218
thing happened in America
back during the civil war.
611
00:37:22,243 --> 00:37:23,952
When Virginia seceded
from the U.S.
612
00:37:23,960 --> 00:37:25,960
the Northwestern
part of the State
613
00:37:25,993 --> 00:37:28,077
seceded from Virginia
to form West
614
00:37:28,102 --> 00:37:30,140
Virginia that was
loyal to the Union.
615
00:37:30,187 --> 00:37:32,960
When I got there,
when we inspected the
616
00:37:32,985 --> 00:37:34,852
lines these guys
all told me their
617
00:37:34,877 --> 00:37:37,446
heroic stories of
how they were just
618
00:37:37,471 --> 00:37:40,462
simple peasant Croats
that had been,
619
00:37:40,480 --> 00:37:43,640
you know, patriots.
And the JNA was
620
00:37:43,659 --> 00:37:46,440
this formidable
fighting force they had
621
00:37:46,465 --> 00:37:48,213
overcome. All the
weapons that they had,
622
00:37:48,238 --> 00:37:49,323
they said
that they had to
623
00:37:49,355 --> 00:37:50,596
capture from the JNA.
624
00:37:51,612 --> 00:37:54,690
well , that might have
worked on someone else.
625
00:37:55,558 --> 00:37:57,393
I looked around and I
did my in-training,
626
00:37:57,418 --> 00:38:00,510
I mean, and I knew who
made various Kalashnikovs.
627
00:38:00,535 --> 00:38:02,534
Every single one of
the weapons carried
628
00:38:02,559 --> 00:38:04,276
by these guys, everything
from machine guns
629
00:38:04,301 --> 00:38:06,261
to sniper reiffles, was
all made in East Germany.
630
00:38:06,276 --> 00:38:08,221
Even though Croatia never
officially admitted
631
00:38:08,253 --> 00:38:10,276
that Germany was arming
them, they decided to
632
00:38:10,301 --> 00:38:13,123
thank the Germans with a song.
In German, you
633
00:38:13,148 --> 00:38:16,185
know, so only the Germans
would understand.
634
00:38:23,008 --> 00:38:25,695
If you follow that bouncing
ball, just recently, just
635
00:38:25,720 --> 00:38:30,805
last summer, Croatia donated
surplus, 4 or 5 thousand
636
00:38:31,837 --> 00:38:35,110
Kalashnikovs to the
Afghan National Army.
637
00:38:35,135 --> 00:38:36,325
Those aren’t surplus,
638
00:38:36,350 --> 00:38:39,489
what they’re doing is hiding
essentially a murder weapon
639
00:38:39,514 --> 00:38:42,052
The Serbs had more than
enough weapons and they
640
00:38:42,077 --> 00:38:44,388
were too eager to crush
the Croatian Army.
641
00:38:49,068 --> 00:38:51,349
LAUGHS
642
00:38:57,177 --> 00:38:59,872
The Croatian town of Vukovar
was under siege for
643
00:38:59,897 --> 00:39:02,720
87 days, which later
brought a phyric victory
644
00:39:02,760 --> 00:39:05,938
to the Serb forces. Why phyrric?
Well, because
645
00:39:05,963 --> 00:39:08,461
they actually destroyed
the entire city!
646
00:39:17,503 --> 00:39:20,675
A horrific example of how
territory suddenly became
647
00:39:20,700 --> 00:39:23,667
more important than the
people living on it.
648
00:39:25,847 --> 00:39:27,550
Even though they
were brainwashed
649
00:39:27,575 --> 00:39:28,764
into thinking they
were doing the
650
00:39:28,789 --> 00:39:30,110
right thing, some
people woke up and
651
00:39:30,143 --> 00:39:31,392
realized what was
really going on.
652
00:39:34,160 --> 00:39:36,960
Mialian Levar, a Croat who was
determined to protect his
653
00:39:37,000 --> 00:39:39,840
town of Gospic from the
Serbs, was among the first
654
00:39:39,893 --> 00:39:42,879
to join the newly established
Croat Army, but quickly
655
00:39:42,904 --> 00:39:45,684
became disillusioned after
an order he received.
656
00:40:43,311 --> 00:40:45,232
His fight brought him
all the way to the
657
00:40:45,257 --> 00:40:47,920
International Criminal
Court where he testified.
658
00:40:47,945 --> 00:40:51,459
After that, however,
extreme elements in
659
00:40:51,484 --> 00:40:54,205
Croatia decided to
silence Milan Levar.
660
00:41:43,855 --> 00:41:46,542
Instead of building peaceful
and trusting relationships
661
00:41:46,560 --> 00:41:49,840
between the warning sides in
Croatia, in 1992, the Pentagon
662
00:41:49,894 --> 00:41:53,471
was busy proclaiming its
imperial hegemony over the world
663
00:41:53,499 --> 00:41:57,059
in its defense Planning Guide.
According to the New York times.
664
00:41:57,084 --> 00:42:01,131
of 1992 this document asserts
that the only possible course
665
00:42:01,156 --> 00:42:04,225
for the U.S. to pursue is
complete world domination,
666
00:42:04,250 --> 00:42:07,373
and it adds that no other
country has the right to aspire
667
00:42:07,398 --> 00:42:10,725
to the role of leadership,
even as a regional power
668
00:42:10,896 --> 00:42:15,857
It simply looked upon itself
now as the supreme power in a
669
00:42:15,882 --> 00:42:18,678
unipolar world and
that they could
670
00:42:18,703 --> 00:42:20,645
do whatever they wanted to do.
671
00:42:20,670 --> 00:42:23,365
Yugoslavia had to be
broken down. And there
672
00:42:23,390 --> 00:42:25,170
was no better symbol for
Yugoslavia than it’s
673
00:42:25,195 --> 00:42:28,654
central republic of Bosnia.
War erupted into the
674
00:42:28,679 --> 00:42:31,834
worst bloodbath in Europe
since World War II.
675
00:42:31,934 --> 00:42:35,746
MUSIC
676
00:42:41,902 --> 00:42:45,910
Civil war. Civil war
is the worst kind of war.
677
00:42:46,339 --> 00:42:48,910
It involves brother
versus brother,
678
00:42:48,918 --> 00:42:52,252
family member versus
family member and it
679
00:42:52,292 --> 00:42:54,459
is one of the ugliest
kind of conflicts.
680
00:42:54,926 --> 00:42:57,012
MUSIC
681
00:42:59,869 --> 00:43:02,269
GUN FIRES
682
00:43:15,486 --> 00:43:17,681
The Serbs wanted to have
control over lands mainly
683
00:43:17,706 --> 00:43:20,212
inhabited by Serbs,
including lands that were
684
00:43:20,237 --> 00:43:22,620
of strategic importance
to them, the Croats
685
00:43:22,645 --> 00:43:25,175
wanted the same for
themselves, while the Bosnian
686
00:43:25,200 --> 00:43:27,720
Muslims, or Bosniaks as
they’re called today, wanted
687
00:43:27,754 --> 00:43:30,003
it all. To achieve this,
the Bosnian government,
688
00:43:30,040 --> 00:43:32,880
now increasingly
representing the Bosniak
689
00:43:32,911 --> 00:43:35,519
voice, started getting
help from the Americans.
690
00:43:36,058 --> 00:43:38,058
AIR CRAFT FLYING
691
00:43:38,880 --> 00:43:42,280
Secret flights started
arriving at Tuzla
692
00:43:43,292 --> 00:43:46,228
The Americans started
to approve the
693
00:43:46,253 --> 00:43:49,134
delivery of arms to
the Bosnian Muslims.
694
00:43:49,767 --> 00:43:52,845
American President Clinton
later admitted in a book that
695
00:43:52,870 --> 00:43:56,267
the Americans didn’t enforce
the arms embargo. Heck,
696
00:43:56,292 --> 00:43:58,923
but that’s not all. Alija
was also offered the help
697
00:43:58,960 --> 00:44:02,040
of hundreds of Mujahadeen!
Come on, who can say no
698
00:44:02,065 --> 00:44:05,321
to these guys. Serbs, on the
other hand, relied heavily
699
00:44:05,331 --> 00:44:08,064
on aid from Belgrade. As
the Yugoslav Army was the
700
00:44:08,089 --> 00:44:11,157
fourth largest in Europe,
the West moved to stop
701
00:44:11,182 --> 00:44:13,641
Belgrade from helping the
Serbs in Bosnia.
702
00:44:13,666 --> 00:44:16,843
So, in May of 1992 sanctions
were imposed on what
703
00:44:16,868 --> 00:44:20,070
was left of Yugoslavia
- Serbia and Montenegro.
704
00:44:20,445 --> 00:44:23,148
By October 1993, 90
percent of Yugoslavia's
705
00:44:23,173 --> 00:44:26,212
domestic drugged
production stopped.
706
00:44:26,405 --> 00:44:28,733
The average daily intake of
calories had fallen
707
00:44:28,772 --> 00:44:32,147
by 28 percent compared
to 1990 and 1.5 million
708
00:44:32,172 --> 00:44:35,108
people were classified
as undernourished.
709
00:44:35,956 --> 00:44:39,217
Two months later, over 60
percent of Yugoslavia's
710
00:44:39,242 --> 00:44:41,764
work force was unemployed
and the average
711
00:44:41,789 --> 00:44:45,701
monthly income had dropped
from $500 to $15.
712
00:44:46,945 --> 00:44:49,850
The markets and stores
were close to empty.
713
00:44:57,535 --> 00:45:00,725
As usual, sanctions
merely hurt the
714
00:45:00,750 --> 00:45:04,293
people at the lowest
run on the ladder.
715
00:45:04,745 --> 00:45:07,051
People at
the top benefit from them.
716
00:45:07,076 --> 00:45:11,159
They forced the Serbs into what
would happen anywhere, it was a
717
00:45:11,184 --> 00:45:13,808
criminal economy. The criminals
718
00:45:13,833 --> 00:45:16,644
became King, because
we made it so.
719
00:45:16,675 --> 00:45:19,722
If you go to Belgrade
now, what used to be the
720
00:45:19,747 --> 00:45:23,800
diplomatic areas are now all
the thugs and goons that made
721
00:45:23,825 --> 00:45:26,629
tons of money from the war,
on the black market,
722
00:45:26,654 --> 00:45:28,394
War profiteers?,
Big time!
723
00:45:28,400 --> 00:45:30,720
Slobo’s government hijacked
the country’s financial
724
00:45:30,760 --> 00:45:33,200
system, while Serbia’s
citizens were dooped
725
00:45:33,240 --> 00:45:36,034
by several pyramid
schemes, most notably by
726
00:45:36,040 --> 00:45:38,760
those of Dafina Milanovic
and Jezda Vasiljevic.
727
00:46:05,393 --> 00:46:07,642
For themselves, of course.
Because both Dafina
728
00:46:07,667 --> 00:46:09,205
and Jezda got the hell out
729
00:46:09,230 --> 00:46:11,041
of the country with
the people money.
730
00:46:11,066 --> 00:46:12,908
The economic tragedy
triggered by the
731
00:46:12,933 --> 00:46:14,666
sanctions was
reaching it’s peek.
732
00:46:14,705 --> 00:46:17,728
The effect was quite severe.
Especially in 1993,
733
00:46:17,753 --> 00:46:21,072
actually, the inflation
rate in Yugoslavia was the
734
00:46:21,097 --> 00:46:23,197
highest in recorded history.
735
00:46:23,244 --> 00:46:25,087
As I recall, it was
something like
736
00:46:25,119 --> 00:46:28,735
1.8 billion percent
inflation rate.
737
00:46:28,994 --> 00:46:32,494
They even printed a
500 billion dinar note.
738
00:46:32,952 --> 00:46:35,266
The lawlessness
was intensifying
739
00:46:35,280 --> 00:46:36,840
and the Mafia was
taking control.
740
00:46:36,865 --> 00:46:38,793
In spite of the catastrophe
around them,
741
00:46:38,822 --> 00:46:40,672
the Serbs would not
heel to the will
742
00:46:40,697 --> 00:46:42,953
of the West, so one
man decided to use
743
00:46:42,978 --> 00:46:45,041
this opportunity to
save an organization
744
00:46:45,137 --> 00:46:46,931
that no longer had a purpose.
745
00:46:46,956 --> 00:46:49,061
The North Atlantic
Treaty Organization, or
746
00:46:49,086 --> 00:46:51,069
NATO, was a system of
collective defense
747
00:46:51,094 --> 00:46:53,581
whereby its member
states agree to
748
00:46:53,606 --> 00:46:55,354
mutual defense in
response to an attack
749
00:46:55,379 --> 00:46:58,182
by any external party,
founded in 1949.
750
00:46:58,643 --> 00:47:00,793
The purpose, really,
became to protect
751
00:47:00,818 --> 00:47:03,427
the West from the Soviets,
a counter-balance
752
00:47:03,452 --> 00:47:04,910
to the later formed
Warsaw Pact.
753
00:47:04,935 --> 00:47:09,653
President Eisenhower saw
NATO as a defensive
754
00:47:10,735 --> 00:47:14,027
Alliance that eventually
the Europeans would
755
00:47:14,052 --> 00:47:17,719
take over. Instead, the
US has turned it into
756
00:47:17,744 --> 00:47:21,489
an instrument of power
and Eastward expansion.
757
00:47:21,786 --> 00:47:24,186
But then the Soviet
Union went bust.
758
00:47:24,372 --> 00:47:28,376
The US explicitly
broke the agreement
759
00:47:28,619 --> 00:47:32,110
that was made with
Gorbachev about
760
00:47:32,120 --> 00:47:35,360
not surrounding
Russia with hostile
761
00:47:35,416 --> 00:47:38,430
militarily armed states.
762
00:47:38,998 --> 00:47:41,880
The colonization of
Serbia is the bottom or
763
00:47:41,914 --> 00:47:45,881
or second step on the
staircase to Russia.
764
00:47:47,526 --> 00:47:51,078
We must be
colonized because NATO learned
765
00:47:51,109 --> 00:47:53,994
Hitler’s lesson, Don’t have a
two-front war
766
00:47:54,019 --> 00:47:55,691
when you’re attacking
the Russians,
767
00:47:55,716 --> 00:47:58,410
you have to neutralize
Yugoslavia the way Hitler did.
768
00:47:58,435 --> 00:48:01,706
But to do that, you’d need to
create a case where you had to
769
00:48:01,731 --> 00:48:03,918
intervene against an enemy in
Yugoslavia.
770
00:48:04,320 --> 00:48:06,080
Enter Joe Biden.
771
00:48:06,286 --> 00:48:10,941
We face a blatant act of Serbian
expansionism and aggression
772
00:48:11,116 --> 00:48:14,129
This is no more a civil
war than Germany, Austria
773
00:48:14,154 --> 00:48:18,370
and Czechoslovakia had civil
wars in the 1930s. This,
774
00:48:18,395 --> 00:48:22,973
as then in my view, is fascist
thuggery on the march!
775
00:48:24,223 --> 00:48:25,418
He was calling
776
00:48:25,520 --> 00:48:28,801
Serbs horrific names
and at the same time
777
00:48:28,826 --> 00:48:31,840
he had a very influential
position on the Foreign
778
00:48:31,865 --> 00:48:33,918
Relations Committee
of the Senate.
779
00:48:33,943 --> 00:48:35,536
Biden was also emphasizing the
780
00:48:35,560 --> 00:48:38,019
importance of a new
role for NATO, as
781
00:48:38,044 --> 00:48:40,082
seen in February of 1994 at the
782
00:48:40,107 --> 00:48:42,402
Senate hearing on
the future of NATO.
783
00:48:42,427 --> 00:48:44,559
Last month, while the
allies reassured
784
00:48:44,584 --> 00:48:47,066
themselves in Brussels
that NATO remains at the
785
00:48:47,091 --> 00:48:49,730
bedrock of European
security, crimes of a
786
00:48:49,755 --> 00:48:51,996
kind that were tried
at Nuremberg a half a
787
00:48:52,028 --> 00:48:55,230
century ago continued
unabated in Bosnia.
788
00:48:56,050 --> 00:48:58,645
Without a common
enemy to unite us,
789
00:49:01,036 --> 00:49:03,701
we may find that our conceptions
of what constitutes
790
00:49:03,726 --> 00:49:06,505
national interest may
very well divide us
791
00:49:08,069 --> 00:49:10,935
He found the common enemy
in the Serbian people,
792
00:49:11,080 --> 00:49:13,480
who were already
previously demonized by US
793
00:49:13,499 --> 00:49:16,201
Public Relation firms such
as Ruder & Finn, hired
794
00:49:16,226 --> 00:49:18,709
by various separatist
groups from Yugoslavia.
795
00:49:18,734 --> 00:49:21,771
They not only demonized
the Serbian leadership,
796
00:49:21,796 --> 00:49:24,966
they demonized the
Serbian people.
797
00:49:26,382 --> 00:49:28,507
The problem for the
Serbs was that they
798
00:49:28,532 --> 00:49:31,085
were a little slow off the mark.
They did
799
00:49:31,110 --> 00:49:33,116
not understand what
was being done to
800
00:49:33,141 --> 00:49:36,148
them, and by the time
they did, the whole
801
00:49:36,173 --> 00:49:39,741
Balkan region had
collapsed into a state
802
00:49:39,766 --> 00:49:42,093
of conflict, in which
the Serbs were
803
00:49:42,118 --> 00:49:45,937
made out, clearly,
from propaganda at the
804
00:49:45,962 --> 00:49:48,444
time, to be the enemy
of everybody else
805
00:49:48,468 --> 00:49:51,603
Thus, the US quickly set out
to act against the Serbs,
806
00:49:51,628 --> 00:49:55,804
stirring up a storm in Croatia.
Operation Storm, that is.
807
00:49:55,945 --> 00:49:58,157
They came up with
a plan where the
808
00:49:58,200 --> 00:50:01,680
Croatian Army would launch an
attack down into the Krajina
809
00:50:01,837 --> 00:50:05,305
and occupy the area that was
810
00:50:05,400 --> 00:50:08,837
manned by the Serbian minority
811
00:50:09,183 --> 00:50:11,971
that had been there
for 4 or 5 centuries,
812
00:50:12,484 --> 00:50:14,643
but it was
declared that they
813
00:50:14,675 --> 00:50:16,940
were much too radical
to permit to
814
00:50:16,965 --> 00:50:19,393
continue within the
borders of Croatia.
815
00:50:19,600 --> 00:50:21,920
And at a meeting on
the Brijuni islands,
816
00:50:21,949 --> 00:50:24,385
Franjo gave his go-ahead
to general Ante
817
00:50:24,400 --> 00:50:26,800
Gotovina for the
single largest act of
818
00:50:26,824 --> 00:50:29,198
ethnic cleansing during
the Yugoslav wars,
819
00:50:55,058 --> 00:50:58,799
An operation that lasted 84
hours in August of 1995,
820
00:50:59,009 --> 00:51:01,315
resulted in the death of around
2,000, and
821
00:51:01,340 --> 00:51:04,416
a quarter of a million
ethnically cleansed Serbs.
822
00:51:04,735 --> 00:51:07,143
Slobo and his generals,
the protectors
823
00:51:07,168 --> 00:51:09,307
of all Serbs, had
abandoned them.
824
00:51:16,331 --> 00:51:19,729
Operation Storm was an American
inspired,
825
00:51:20,284 --> 00:51:22,987
by some of my
colleagues, because..
826
00:51:23,012 --> 00:51:25,268
the people that were
advising the Croatian Army.
827
00:51:25,299 --> 00:51:27,580
were retired American
general officers
828
00:51:28,663 --> 00:51:31,784
and who operated just outside of
Beltway in Washington.
829
00:51:32,112 --> 00:51:33,579
Franjo was very happy.
830
00:51:39,503 --> 00:51:42,164
With the Serbs
gone from Croatia,
831
00:51:42,200 --> 00:51:44,880
the Americans moved
on to Bosina.
832
00:51:45,250 --> 00:51:47,479
Simply pushing out
the Serbs from there
833
00:51:47,504 --> 00:51:50,830
was not so easy, so a different
strategy was implemented.
834
00:51:50,855 --> 00:51:53,245
Presenting the conflict
in Bosnia as a civil war,
835
00:51:53,270 --> 00:51:56,003
which it was, instead of a
war of Serbian aggression,
836
00:51:56,028 --> 00:51:57,878
meant that the Western
public would be
837
00:51:57,925 --> 00:52:00,214
confused, and the water
would be muddied.
838
00:52:00,239 --> 00:52:02,790
To intervene, the
Americans needed to make
839
00:52:02,815 --> 00:52:05,246
clear who they had to
intervene against.
840
00:52:05,264 --> 00:52:07,731
The Serbs started the war.
841
00:52:08,607 --> 00:52:11,495
The Serbs are the original
cause of the war.
842
00:52:11,964 --> 00:52:14,558
They are the complete
aggressors and wrongdoers
843
00:52:14,589 --> 00:52:17,776
NATO was used to militarily
continue the colonization
844
00:52:17,801 --> 00:52:20,206
process, but Clinton knew
it had to be somehow
845
00:52:20,231 --> 00:52:21,776
justified to the wider public.
846
00:52:22,221 --> 00:52:24,362
Perhaps the best
example of what we’re
847
00:52:24,400 --> 00:52:26,400
talking about here
is Srebrenica.
848
00:52:27,293 --> 00:52:29,657
Srebrenica, a village
in Bosnia, was
849
00:52:29,682 --> 00:52:31,907
declared a UN safe
zone for Bosniaks
850
00:52:31,918 --> 00:52:34,918
seeking refuge, but was
never really dmilitarized,
851
00:52:35,209 --> 00:52:36,918
which allowed Bosniak forces to
852
00:52:36,960 --> 00:52:38,960
attack neighbouring
Serb villages.
853
00:52:39,000 --> 00:52:42,640
Serb commander Ratko Mladic
overran Srebrenica, with
854
00:52:42,672 --> 00:52:44,217
thousands of Muslims killed
855
00:52:44,242 --> 00:52:45,506
and ethnically cleansed.
856
00:52:45,530 --> 00:52:47,638
What happened in
Srebrenica was a
857
00:52:47,663 --> 00:52:50,189
stage managed fall
of the enclave
858
00:52:50,229 --> 00:52:54,794
to the Serbian forces, which
never expected to conquer it.
859
00:52:54,990 --> 00:52:57,020
The United Nations
declared that this
860
00:52:57,045 --> 00:52:59,638
was genocide, even
though UN observer
861
00:52:59,663 --> 00:53:01,703
Philip Corwin estimated
that the number
862
00:53:01,716 --> 00:53:03,214
of killed Muslims
in Srebrenica was
863
00:53:03,239 --> 00:53:05,330
no larger than the
number of Serbs killed
864
00:53:05,355 --> 00:53:06,947
in villages around Srebrenica.
865
00:53:06,972 --> 00:53:09,473
But that didn’t matter,
Srebrenica was
866
00:53:09,498 --> 00:53:11,869
to be used for a
much greater agenda
867
00:53:12,315 --> 00:53:16,188
There are trustworthy witnesses
on the Muslim side who claim
868
00:53:16,213 --> 00:53:20,289
that Alija Izetbegovic told
them that Bill Clinton had
869
00:53:20,314 --> 00:53:23,922
indicated to him, Izetbegovic,
that 5,000 dead Muslims would
870
00:53:23,947 --> 00:53:26,445
be the price of
NATO intervention
871
00:53:26,470 --> 00:53:28,500
on the Bosnian Muslim side.
872
00:53:28,525 --> 00:53:31,516
They believe that Srebrenica
was deliberately sacrificed by
873
00:53:31,541 --> 00:53:35,906
Izetbegovic in order to provide
this burnt offering
874
00:53:36,224 --> 00:53:38,136
to the White House
that would be
875
00:53:38,161 --> 00:53:40,253
the justification
for intervention
876
00:53:40,280 --> 00:53:43,280
and indeed, the proof of the
pudding is in the eating
877
00:53:43,309 --> 00:53:45,909
The Bosniak government
had no choice.
878
00:53:45,920 --> 00:53:48,880
Mr Silajdzic, speaking
for his government said,
879
00:53:49,051 --> 00:53:52,816
We have no choice and our
Presidency had no choice but to
880
00:53:52,841 --> 00:53:54,769
appeal for a military
intervention
881
00:53:54,794 --> 00:53:56,213
in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
882
00:53:56,230 --> 00:53:59,659
You can not go this alone,
the American public will
883
00:53:59,683 --> 00:54:02,369
not tolerate it, the
Alliance can not stand it.
884
00:54:02,652 --> 00:54:05,495
AIR CRAFT FLYING
885
00:54:06,449 --> 00:54:08,097
And intervention ensued.
886
00:54:08,222 --> 00:54:12,031
EXPLOSION
887
00:54:12,972 --> 00:54:15,114
Here was NATO, an
organization formed
888
00:54:15,139 --> 00:54:16,707
for the sole purpose
of defense of its
889
00:54:16,732 --> 00:54:19,598
member states, attacking
a country that
890
00:54:19,623 --> 00:54:22,637
has not attacked or threatened
any of its member state.
891
00:54:22,662 --> 00:54:23,903
Lewis Mackenzie, who was the
892
00:54:23,928 --> 00:54:25,996
Major General of the
UN Army in charge
893
00:54:26,021 --> 00:54:27,950
of Sector Sarajevo,
tried to warn the
894
00:54:27,975 --> 00:54:30,403
Americans of what they
were embarking upon.
895
00:54:30,428 --> 00:54:34,020
I appeared in front of Congress
and they asked me my opinion.
896
00:54:34,045 --> 00:54:36,715
And I said, Start training
your grandchildren
897
00:54:36,740 --> 00:54:38,739
to be peacekeepers in Bosnia,
898
00:54:38,755 --> 00:54:41,012
because you’re going to
be there for generations.
899
00:54:41,044 --> 00:54:42,730
And a lot of them
are still there.
900
00:54:42,755 --> 00:54:44,536
As heavily-armed US and NATO
901
00:54:44,561 --> 00:54:46,465
troops enforced the
peace in Bosnia,
902
00:54:46,490 --> 00:54:48,795
the press and politicians alike
portrayed
903
00:54:48,820 --> 00:54:52,387
Western intervention in the
former Yugoslavia as a noble,
904
00:54:52,412 --> 00:54:55,239
if agonizingly belated,
response to an outbreak
905
00:54:55,264 --> 00:54:58,301
of ethnic massacres and
human rights violations.
906
00:54:58,356 --> 00:55:00,911
A lot of the
so-called liberal or
907
00:55:00,936 --> 00:55:04,223
left-wing or
progressive media were
908
00:55:04,240 --> 00:55:06,680
themselves cooped
by the mainstream
909
00:55:06,730 --> 00:55:08,920
viewpoint regarding
the Balkans.
910
00:55:08,945 --> 00:55:11,026
In other words, they
had bought into
911
00:55:11,051 --> 00:55:13,526
this paradigm that was
presented to them
912
00:55:13,551 --> 00:55:16,604
by the arms of the
Government of the
913
00:55:16,629 --> 00:55:19,737
United States and
of the EU powers.
914
00:55:19,964 --> 00:55:24,553
Only the journalists who towed
the line and found new ways
915
00:55:25,193 --> 00:55:27,230
to attack the Serbs,
other than the
916
00:55:27,255 --> 00:55:29,405
ones their editors
sent them to tell,
917
00:55:29,623 --> 00:55:31,654
other than the stories
that were pre-written
918
00:55:31,752 --> 00:55:34,896
before they came to the
Balkans those guys excelled.
919
00:55:34,921 --> 00:55:37,060
Of course, the bombing
campaign forced
920
00:55:37,085 --> 00:55:38,856
the Bosnian Serbs to surrender.
921
00:55:38,881 --> 00:55:41,729
At the peace accord signing,
which internally divided Bosina
922
00:55:41,754 --> 00:55:45,048
into a Serb entity and a
Muslim Croat entity, all those
923
00:55:45,073 --> 00:55:48,486
responsible for intensifying
the war were praising peace.
924
00:55:49,960 --> 00:55:52,559
This is the village
of Vrhbarje, near
925
00:55:52,560 --> 00:55:56,520
Sokolac in Bosnia, inhabited
mainly by Serbs and Muslims.
926
00:55:57,252 --> 00:55:59,634
After the imposed
Dayton peace accords,
927
00:55:59,720 --> 00:56:02,681
the villagers were aware of
what this meant to them,
928
00:56:02,706 --> 00:56:05,517
and as the town became a
part of the Serb entity,
929
00:56:05,542 --> 00:56:09,454
Muslims decided to collectively
leave to their own entity.
930
00:57:25,196 --> 00:57:27,036
This video footage
has never been
931
00:57:27,061 --> 00:57:29,739
shown anywhere before.
It just didn’t
932
00:57:29,764 --> 00:57:31,645
fit the image the
Western media had
933
00:57:31,670 --> 00:57:34,044
tried to hard to
project, the tidy
934
00:57:34,069 --> 00:57:36,012
melodrama of the evil
Serbs destroying
935
00:57:36,037 --> 00:57:37,848
everything non-Serb in sight.
936
00:57:38,249 --> 00:57:39,708
Do you think this
would mobilize
937
00:57:39,733 --> 00:57:42,005
Western public opinion
to intervene?
938
00:58:05,884 --> 00:58:06,634
What?
939
00:58:06,884 --> 00:58:09,540
Serbs not behaving like
genocidal maniacs?
940
00:58:20,533 --> 00:58:21,800
Human beings?
941
00:58:22,039 --> 00:58:22,789
Them?
942
00:58:32,840 --> 00:58:36,760
MUSIC
943
00:59:03,444 --> 00:59:06,084
Human compassion was something
that was completely.
944
00:59:06,120 --> 00:59:09,439
normal to a young Serbian
man from Trebinje in Herzgovina
945
00:59:09,440 --> 00:59:11,520
called Srkdjan Aleksic
946
00:59:11,640 --> 00:59:14,520
Srdjan’s father recalled how
his son noticed that the
947
00:59:14,562 --> 00:59:17,849
Serb police were arresting
a man on an ethnic basis.
948
01:00:40,538 --> 01:00:43,239
This is one among many
stories of true heroism
949
01:00:43,265 --> 01:00:45,563
that never made it to
the Western media.
950
01:00:45,975 --> 01:00:48,873
The West was more focused on
escalating the conflict so they
951
01:00:48,898 --> 01:00:50,889
could have the
excuse for jumping
952
01:00:50,914 --> 01:00:52,374
in for their own interests.
953
01:00:52,406 --> 01:00:54,719
As the world celebrated
peace in Bosnia
954
01:00:54,744 --> 01:00:57,188
international financial
institutions were busily
955
01:00:57,213 --> 01:00:59,480
collecting former
Yugoslavia's external debt
956
01:00:59,505 --> 01:01:02,253
from its remnant states,
while transforming the
957
01:01:02,278 --> 01:01:05,025
Balkans into a safe-haven
for free enterprise.
958
01:01:05,264 --> 01:01:08,705
In late 1995, the West
unveiled a reconstruction
959
01:01:08,730 --> 01:01:11,775
program that stripped
Bosnia of sovereignty to a
960
01:01:11,800 --> 01:01:15,408
degree not seen in Europe
since the end of World War II.
961
01:01:15,448 --> 01:01:17,353
It was pure colonialism,
962
01:01:17,377 --> 01:01:19,291
consisted largely
of making Bosnia
963
01:01:19,316 --> 01:01:22,021
a divided territory
under NATO military
964
01:01:22,046 --> 01:01:24,682
occupation and foreign
administration.
965
01:01:24,707 --> 01:01:27,463
This pattern of intervention
was so successful,
966
01:01:27,488 --> 01:01:30,869
that the West just had to
replicate it in Kosovo.
967
01:01:30,932 --> 01:01:32,932
I think that the
region is important
968
01:01:32,960 --> 01:01:35,160
in geostrategic terms.
They saw Kosovo
969
01:01:35,527 --> 01:01:38,696
as a very potential
country to actually
970
01:01:38,721 --> 01:01:41,651
secure their presence
in the region.
971
01:01:41,674 --> 01:01:43,643
But the West underestimated
the importance
972
01:01:43,668 --> 01:01:45,955
that Kosovo has to
the Serbian people.
973
01:01:46,202 --> 01:01:48,943
SIRENS
974
01:01:50,846 --> 01:01:53,699
My fellow Americans,
today our armed
975
01:01:53,724 --> 01:01:55,800
forces joined our
NATO allies in air
976
01:01:55,840 --> 01:01:57,961
strikes against Serbian forces
977
01:01:57,986 --> 01:02:00,182
responsible for the
brutality in Kosovo.
978
01:02:00,200 --> 01:02:03,600
On March 24, 1999, on
the order of Javier
979
01:02:03,640 --> 01:02:06,000
Solana, in an act
of pure aggression,
980
01:02:06,645 --> 01:02:09,863
NATO had violated
international law and the UN
981
01:02:09,888 --> 01:02:13,496
charter by launching an air
assault on Yugoslavia.
982
01:02:13,535 --> 01:02:15,913
The people of Yugoslavia,
however, decided
983
01:02:15,938 --> 01:02:18,452
to show their true spirit,
by going outside,
984
01:02:18,477 --> 01:02:20,866
singing songs and having
fun on their bridges
985
01:02:20,891 --> 01:02:22,616
in spite of the
catastrophe around them.
986
01:02:54,375 --> 01:02:56,293
We thought the Serbs
should last 5
987
01:02:56,294 --> 01:02:58,375
days under the bombing and then
988
01:02:58,542 --> 01:03:00,917
No one expected
them to run on the bridges,
989
01:03:00,959 --> 01:03:03,042
put on target T-shirts
990
01:03:03,417 --> 01:03:05,043
The declared mission
was to stop the
991
01:03:05,083 --> 01:03:07,333
violence in Kosovo
and topple Slobo.
992
01:03:07,459 --> 01:03:09,918
Yugoslavia had the
opposite affect, as
993
01:03:09,918 --> 01:03:12,460
the conflict in Kosovo
only intensified,
994
01:03:12,626 --> 01:03:15,043
and the public rallied
behind Slobo.
995
01:03:15,083 --> 01:03:17,042
The reality of the war, however,
996
01:03:17,125 --> 01:03:18,667
was far too gruesome.
997
01:03:18,751 --> 01:03:23,252
Schools, hospitals,
bridges, TV stations,
998
01:03:23,667 --> 01:03:26,126
and even foreign
embassies, were all
999
01:03:26,167 --> 01:03:28,501
legitimate military
targets for NATO.
1000
01:03:28,542 --> 01:03:30,751
The things that they bombed,
I mean, the power grid.
1001
01:03:30,792 --> 01:03:33,334
Night after night they
would hit the power grid,
1002
01:03:33,335 --> 01:03:35,793
knock it out so that they
couldn’t pump water and,
1003
01:03:35,852 --> 01:03:38,139
you know , the bakeries
couldn’t fire up in Belgrade.
1004
01:03:38,171 --> 01:03:41,038
So denying millions of people
access to daily bread and water.
1005
01:03:41,054 --> 01:03:44,061
How does that affect the
counter insurgency efforts of
1006
01:03:44,086 --> 01:03:46,468
the Serbian security forces
in the province of Kosovo?
1007
01:03:46,492 --> 01:03:48,952
These were attacks on
the Serbian people.
1008
01:03:48,984 --> 01:03:53,343
When civilians die, they
call them collateral damage.
1009
01:03:55,296 --> 01:03:57,430
That’s what makes you feel bad,
1010
01:03:57,455 --> 01:04:00,178
because they’re humans,
you know, they have their
1011
01:04:00,203 --> 01:04:02,882
names and they’re everything
for their families.
1012
01:04:02,907 --> 01:04:05,927
But, for the rest of the world,
they’re just collateral damage.
1013
01:04:05,960 --> 01:04:09,200
They hit the cigarette
factory in Nis three times.
1014
01:04:09,823 --> 01:04:12,577
And it ended up being
purchased by Phillip Morris.
1015
01:04:12,656 --> 01:04:15,068
Well if I walk into a
supermarket with a
1016
01:04:15,092 --> 01:04:17,475
hammer and start smashing
stuff and then say
1017
01:04:17,480 --> 01:04:20,480
look, I’ll pay you a
pittens for the remains,
1018
01:04:20,760 --> 01:04:22,560
I’m a
Viking and a vandal.
1019
01:04:22,687 --> 01:04:25,920
Apparently the cigarettes
made in Nis were also killing
1020
01:04:25,945 --> 01:04:28,991
Albanians in Kosovo, so they
needed to be taken out.
1021
01:04:29,085 --> 01:04:31,272
Obviously Phillip
Morris had an issue
1022
01:04:31,297 --> 01:04:32,905
with the cigarette
factory in Nis,
1023
01:04:32,930 --> 01:04:34,412
it was one of their
main competitors
1024
01:04:34,437 --> 01:04:35,671
in the European market.
1025
01:04:35,702 --> 01:04:37,218
The real purpose
of the war was to
1026
01:04:37,243 --> 01:04:38,819
economically colonise
the country.
1027
01:04:38,851 --> 01:04:41,850
To replace the whole
non-compatible domestic
1028
01:04:41,875 --> 01:04:44,436
infrastructure with
German-compatible,
1029
01:04:44,468 --> 01:04:47,874
American-compatible economic
systems.
1030
01:04:48,160 --> 01:04:52,280
So, bomb the car factory,
the Yugo car factory,
1031
01:04:52,600 --> 01:04:55,480
the car that managed
to make it into the U.S market,
1032
01:04:57,757 --> 01:04:59,452
bomb that to the ground.
1033
01:05:00,054 --> 01:05:02,999
Bomb the cement factories,
bomb the oil industry,
1034
01:05:03,023 --> 01:05:05,350
bomb all of the
telecommunication systems
1035
01:05:05,375 --> 01:05:06,733
so you can sell
them the new ones,
1036
01:05:06,758 --> 01:05:08,039
much more expensive,
but not any better.
1037
01:05:08,132 --> 01:05:10,694
If this was NATO’s
job, it had to have
1038
01:05:10,719 --> 01:05:12,636
been well coordinated
in advance.
1039
01:05:12,695 --> 01:05:15,362
In fact, almost a year
prior to the war,
1040
01:05:15,520 --> 01:05:17,668
the World Bank
carefully analysed the
1041
01:05:17,715 --> 01:05:20,052
consequences of an eventual
military intervention
1042
01:05:20,077 --> 01:05:22,477
leading to the
occupation of Kosovo
1043
01:05:22,502 --> 01:05:24,241
and conducted
relevant simulations
1044
01:05:24,319 --> 01:05:27,221
which anticipated the
possibility of an emergency
1045
01:05:27,246 --> 01:05:29,947
scenario arising out of
the tensions in Kosovo.
1046
01:05:30,018 --> 01:05:32,467
This suggests that NATO
had already briefed the
1047
01:05:32,492 --> 01:05:34,900
World Bank at an early stage
of military planning.
1048
01:05:34,924 --> 01:05:37,010
The plans for occupation
started before a
1049
01:05:37,035 --> 01:05:39,563
good enough pretext to
intervene was found.
1050
01:05:39,971 --> 01:05:40,838
But hold on,
1051
01:05:40,963 --> 01:05:41,971
occupation?
1052
01:05:42,526 --> 01:05:45,119
Weren’t we told that
Kosovo was to be liberated
1053
01:05:45,144 --> 01:05:47,443
from the Serbian
aggressors who invaded it?
1054
01:05:47,815 --> 01:05:50,025
Well, I have yet to
find someone who can
1055
01:05:50,050 --> 01:05:51,900
explain how a country
can invade itself.
1056
01:05:51,986 --> 01:05:53,931
History was twisted in
a way that would give
1057
01:05:53,956 --> 01:05:55,932
the West a believable
pretext to intervene.
1058
01:05:56,799 --> 01:05:59,494
After 5 centuries of Turkish
rule, Kosovo legally
1059
01:05:59,519 --> 01:06:01,635
became a part of Serbia in 1912.
1060
01:06:01,660 --> 01:06:04,041
By then, a lot of the
Serbs were long gone,
1061
01:06:04,253 --> 01:06:06,173
and those that were
left were again
1062
01:06:06,206 --> 01:06:08,283
under persuasion during
World War II,
1063
01:06:08,307 --> 01:06:10,760
when the Albanian fascists
took over Kosovo.
1064
01:06:10,800 --> 01:06:13,520
Mustafa Kruja, the Prime
Minister of Albania,
1065
01:06:13,535 --> 01:06:15,713
was in Kosovo in June 1942,
1066
01:06:15,924 --> 01:06:18,994
and at a meeting with the
Albanian leaders of Kosovo,
1067
01:06:19,040 --> 01:06:21,840
he said, we should endeavour
to ensure that the Serb
1068
01:06:21,893 --> 01:06:23,963
population of Kosovo
be, the area
1069
01:06:23,988 --> 01:06:25,806
be cleansed of
them and all Serbs
1070
01:06:25,823 --> 01:06:28,056
who had been living
there for centuries
1071
01:06:28,081 --> 01:06:29,705
should be termed colonialists
1072
01:06:29,730 --> 01:06:32,139
and sent to concentration
camps in Albania.
1073
01:06:32,164 --> 01:06:34,210
The Serb settlers
should be killed.
1074
01:06:34,476 --> 01:06:37,702
The terror against the
indigenous Serbian
1075
01:06:37,718 --> 01:06:40,585
population reached
significant proportions
1076
01:06:40,610 --> 01:06:42,542
with over 10,000 being killed
1077
01:06:42,577 --> 01:06:46,303
in cold blood and twice
that number being expelled.
1078
01:06:47,640 --> 01:06:51,272
MUSIC
1079
01:06:53,920 --> 01:06:56,200
Here’s Tito with
Enver Hoxha, the
1080
01:06:56,205 --> 01:06:58,749
Albanian dictator
during communist times.
1081
01:06:59,654 --> 01:07:02,677
MUSIC
1082
01:07:04,655 --> 01:07:07,686
You see, one thing I didn’t
mention about Tito is that
1083
01:07:07,711 --> 01:07:10,264
he didn’t just want
to be ruler of Yugoslavia,
1084
01:07:10,289 --> 01:07:11,842
he wanted most of the Balkans,
1085
01:07:11,867 --> 01:07:14,474
a federation including
parts of Greece and Italy,
1086
01:07:14,499 --> 01:07:16,466
Bulgaria and Albania as well.
1087
01:07:16,491 --> 01:07:19,827
This meant that the Albanian
dictator Hoxha was to be shown
1088
01:07:19,852 --> 01:07:22,905
just how much the Albanians were
well treated in Yugoslavia.
1089
01:07:22,930 --> 01:07:26,143
So, the Yugoslav Albanians,
living mostly in Kosovo,
1090
01:07:26,168 --> 01:07:29,053
got a better living
standard than in Albania!
1091
01:07:29,108 --> 01:07:31,280
Their own University, schools,
1092
01:07:31,305 --> 01:07:33,866
newspapers, political
institutions,
1093
01:07:33,891 --> 01:07:37,428
cultural centres, everything
in the Albanian language.
1094
01:07:37,498 --> 01:07:40,129
Albanians from Albania
were flooding into Kosovo
1095
01:07:40,154 --> 01:07:42,905
with ease, and the Serbs
were being pushed out.
1096
01:07:55,356 --> 01:07:57,825
Western media failed to
mention any of this.
1097
01:07:57,850 --> 01:08:00,326
The official story was that
Kosovo Albanians wanted
1098
01:08:00,352 --> 01:08:03,303
independence because of
Slobo’s actions in the 1990s,
1099
01:08:03,382 --> 01:08:05,561
which ignored the
fact that Albanians
1100
01:08:05,586 --> 01:08:07,798
demanded for Kosovo the
status of a Republic
1101
01:08:07,827 --> 01:08:10,241
quickly after Tito’s
Yugoslavia was formed,
1102
01:08:10,272 --> 01:08:12,491
around the time
Slobo was born, and
1103
01:08:12,516 --> 01:08:15,083
even held mass
demonstrations in 1968.
1104
01:08:15,545 --> 01:08:19,498
In 1974, Tito gave Kosovo,
still a province of Serbia,
1105
01:08:19,577 --> 01:08:21,967
all the traits of a
Republic and this
1106
01:08:21,992 --> 01:08:23,998
effectively helped
the Albanian leaders
1107
01:08:24,030 --> 01:08:26,139
to continue what was
started in World War II.
1108
01:08:26,147 --> 01:08:28,733
You had a lot of low
level intimidation.
1109
01:08:28,780 --> 01:08:33,373
Attacks on individuals that are
not dealt with by the police,
1110
01:08:34,256 --> 01:08:35,740
in that sense, effectively.
1111
01:08:35,765 --> 01:08:37,232
There are no arrests
that follow.
1112
01:08:40,296 --> 01:08:43,584
A New York Times article
published on July 12th 1982,
1113
01:08:43,608 --> 01:08:46,537
many years before Slobo
came to power said that,
1114
01:08:46,584 --> 01:08:48,178
the exodus of Serbs
is admittedly
1115
01:08:48,202 --> 01:08:49,802
one of the main problems
1116
01:08:49,827 --> 01:08:52,168
that the authorities have
to contend with in Kosovo.
1117
01:08:52,226 --> 01:08:54,045
Regarding the
Albanians who want to
1118
01:08:54,080 --> 01:08:56,120
separate from
Yugoslavia, Becir Hoti,
1119
01:08:56,163 --> 01:08:58,663
an executive secretary of the
Communist Party of Kosovo
1120
01:08:58,688 --> 01:09:01,795
stated that the nationalists
have a two-point platform
1121
01:09:01,804 --> 01:09:03,678
first to establish
what they call an
1122
01:09:03,703 --> 01:09:05,373
ethnically clean
Albanian republic
1123
01:09:05,405 --> 01:09:09,302
and then the merger with Albania
to form a greater Albania.
1124
01:09:09,440 --> 01:09:11,160
And they were
desperate for help,
1125
01:09:11,195 --> 01:09:13,405
they needed it at any cost.
1126
01:09:13,670 --> 01:09:14,905
Any cost you say?
1127
01:09:15,671 --> 01:09:18,420
MUSIC
1128
01:09:40,950 --> 01:09:43,012
There are a lot of
little girls in
1129
01:09:43,037 --> 01:09:45,169
Kosovo whose first
name is Madeleine.
1130
01:09:45,921 --> 01:09:47,921
MUSIC
1131
01:09:53,426 --> 01:09:56,171
If you want, we can talk
here or we can go outside
1132
01:09:56,773 --> 01:09:58,773
MUSIC
1133
01:10:04,025 --> 01:10:05,826
Mr. Clark, this is your group,
1134
01:10:05,840 --> 01:10:07,960
they’re all KLA,
former fighters.
1135
01:10:08,507 --> 01:10:10,499
MUSIC
1136
01:10:15,484 --> 01:10:17,561
Thank you for the
enormous amount
1137
01:10:17,586 --> 01:10:19,350
of money you’ve raised tonight!
1138
01:10:19,756 --> 01:10:21,349
MUSIC
1139
01:10:24,374 --> 01:10:25,942
I must say,
1140
01:10:28,442 --> 01:10:30,962
I never expected that
anywhere someone
1141
01:10:30,987 --> 01:10:33,313
would make such a
big statue of me.
1142
01:10:34,400 --> 01:10:37,060
MUSIC
1143
01:10:42,443 --> 01:10:44,674
You gotta hand it to
the Albanians, they
1144
01:10:44,699 --> 01:10:47,002
really know how to
flatter the Americans.
1145
01:10:47,027 --> 01:10:48,908
Trouble is the
Albanians didn’t know
1146
01:10:48,933 --> 01:10:50,681
what they were getting
themselves into.
1147
01:10:50,713 --> 01:10:53,246
In 1998, the KLA was
still classified
1148
01:10:53,271 --> 01:10:55,322
by the U.S. State Department as
1149
01:10:55,362 --> 01:10:58,166
a terrorist organization
bankrolled by the proceeds
1150
01:10:58,191 --> 01:11:01,416
from the heroin trade
and by Osama bin Laden
1151
01:11:02,127 --> 01:11:03,924
As it became more
evident that the
1152
01:11:03,949 --> 01:11:05,767
KLA was driving
events in Kosovo,
1153
01:11:05,822 --> 01:11:08,760
the U.S. realized it could use
them for their own interests.
1154
01:11:08,785 --> 01:11:10,416
The whole northern
Albania region was
1155
01:11:10,441 --> 01:11:12,486
actually under the
control of the KLA,
1156
01:11:12,549 --> 01:11:16,525
not the Albanian government
and U.S. cargo planes
1157
01:11:16,830 --> 01:11:18,892
were landing at a
rate of two a day
1158
01:11:18,927 --> 01:11:21,087
bringing supplies and
arms shipments.
1159
01:11:21,392 --> 01:11:23,952
British special forces,
CIA, U.S. military
1160
01:11:23,985 --> 01:11:26,425
forces were providing
training to the KLA
1161
01:11:26,450 --> 01:11:28,117
this was before the war.
1162
01:11:28,237 --> 01:11:33,056
Germany was shipping ex-East
German military arms to Albania,
1163
01:11:35,471 --> 01:11:37,189
with the understanding
that Albania
1164
01:11:37,214 --> 01:11:39,010
would provide it to the KLA.
1165
01:11:39,049 --> 01:11:42,471
The goal was to provoke a harsh
response from the Serbian army,
1166
01:11:42,510 --> 01:11:44,822
so the West could pretend
it’s jumping in to stop
1167
01:11:44,847 --> 01:11:46,714
war and impose its policies.
1168
01:11:47,600 --> 01:11:49,517
Slobo sent in the
military and a
1169
01:11:49,542 --> 01:11:51,525
full blown conflict
erupted in 1998.
1170
01:12:15,234 --> 01:12:17,342
Certainly everything
the United States
1171
01:12:17,367 --> 01:12:19,256
have done in
Afghanistan and Iraq,
1172
01:12:19,280 --> 01:12:21,171
is far worse than
what the Serbian
1173
01:12:21,196 --> 01:12:22,805
military ever did in Kosovo.
1174
01:12:22,840 --> 01:12:25,120
If you’re gonna
colonize a territory,
1175
01:12:25,149 --> 01:12:27,116
might as well put it on paper.
1176
01:12:27,171 --> 01:12:29,366
US State Secretary
Madeleine Albright,
1177
01:12:29,400 --> 01:12:31,520
masterminded the
so-called Rambouillet
1178
01:12:31,545 --> 01:12:33,385
agreement which was
modelled on the
1179
01:12:33,406 --> 01:12:34,764
Dayton Accords
imposed on Bosnia.
1180
01:12:34,819 --> 01:12:38,608
Here NATO outlined how it will
occupy and colonize Yugoslavia,
1181
01:12:38,680 --> 01:12:41,720
Yugoslavia, in Annex B of
the Rambouillet agreement
1182
01:12:41,757 --> 01:12:44,186
NATO personnel shall
enjoy, together with
1183
01:12:44,211 --> 01:12:46,647
their vehicles, vessels,
aircraft, and equipment
1184
01:12:46,672 --> 01:12:48,913
and equipment, free and
unrestricted passage
1185
01:12:48,938 --> 01:12:51,241
and unimpeded access
throughout Yugoslavia
1186
01:12:51,304 --> 01:12:53,971
Of course they took us to
Rambouillet to drown us
1187
01:12:56,476 --> 01:12:59,276
We intentionally raised
the bar too high,
1188
01:12:59,301 --> 01:13:01,967
we knew that they
could not accept this
1189
01:13:01,992 --> 01:13:06,241
Addendum to the Agreement
and the intention was
1190
01:13:07,148 --> 01:13:08,548
to go ahead and bomb.
1191
01:13:08,601 --> 01:13:09,351
In fact,
1192
01:13:09,694 --> 01:13:10,444
this Annex
1193
01:13:10,687 --> 01:13:11,487
was secret!
1194
01:13:12,273 --> 01:13:13,206
That’s right,
1195
01:13:13,226 --> 01:13:15,696
it was not revealed to
the public until several
1196
01:13:15,721 --> 01:13:17,726
months after the
beginning of the war.
1197
01:13:17,751 --> 01:13:20,008
The document also went
a step further and
1198
01:13:20,033 --> 01:13:23,381
basically promised Kosovo
secession in 3 years.
1199
01:13:23,440 --> 01:13:26,760
The Kosovar leaders signed
that agreement last week.
1200
01:13:26,803 --> 01:13:28,818
Even though it does not
give them all they want…
1201
01:13:28,889 --> 01:13:31,873
Nope, they have to wait
3 more years to get it.
1202
01:13:31,936 --> 01:13:34,412
They saw that a just
peace is better
1203
01:13:34,440 --> 01:13:37,560
than a long and un-winnable war.
1204
01:13:37,999 --> 01:13:40,825
The Serbian leaders, on the
other hand, refused even
1205
01:13:40,841 --> 01:13:44,372
to discuss key elements
of the peace agreement.
1206
01:13:44,397 --> 01:13:45,593
Gee, I wonder why.
1207
01:13:45,631 --> 01:13:48,725
Hey, do you want us to occupy
you this way or that way?
1208
01:13:48,750 --> 01:13:50,834
Of course while the true
details were hidden,
1209
01:13:50,866 --> 01:13:52,779
the story was presented
that the Americans
1210
01:13:52,804 --> 01:13:54,193
wanted to protect
the Albanians.
1211
01:13:54,428 --> 01:13:56,654
Maybe we could show
some refugee pictures,
1212
01:13:56,679 --> 01:13:58,537
you know what, they
break my heart,
1213
01:13:58,577 --> 01:14:00,889
America’s been responding
to this terror,
1214
01:14:00,914 --> 01:14:02,998
these pictures that
have been going
1215
01:14:03,040 --> 01:14:05,440
on and all these atrocities.You
look at all the atrocities,
1216
01:14:05,459 --> 01:14:07,763
all the misery and
mayhem and insanity
1217
01:14:07,800 --> 01:14:10,600
there’s an incideous evil
that permeates this Earth.
1218
01:14:10,616 --> 01:14:12,529
Many Albanians didn’t buy it.
1219
01:14:49,834 --> 01:14:54,701
I consider that the intervention
of the West in 1999 against
1220
01:14:55,225 --> 01:14:58,100
Serbia was made possible
1221
01:14:58,178 --> 01:15:00,412
by the geostrategic interests
1222
01:15:00,437 --> 01:15:02,865
that the Western
countries might have
1223
01:15:02,890 --> 01:15:04,631
had and especially
the United States of America.
1224
01:15:04,671 --> 01:15:07,045
This had nothing to do
with the Albanians,
1225
01:15:07,070 --> 01:15:08,428
or the Americans
caring about them.
1226
01:15:24,300 --> 01:15:27,011
That’s right, NATO killed
Albanian civilians too.
1227
01:15:27,044 --> 01:15:30,315
Lots of them. If they
cared about Albanians,
1228
01:15:30,340 --> 01:15:31,737
or Serbs for that matter,
1229
01:15:31,762 --> 01:15:34,815
the West wouldn’t have aided
the KLA which was directly
1230
01:15:34,840 --> 01:15:37,612
linked to organized crime
and the narcotics trade.
1231
01:15:37,644 --> 01:15:39,987
You don’t help anyone
by aiding the Mafia.
1232
01:15:40,000 --> 01:15:42,320
After the highly
publicized Racak massacre
1233
01:15:42,348 --> 01:15:44,050
which was later to be
revealed by Finnish
1234
01:15:44,080 --> 01:15:45,960
forensic Helena
Ranta as staged,
1235
01:15:45,964 --> 01:15:48,297
NATO bombed Yugoslavia,
but failed
1236
01:15:48,323 --> 01:15:50,206
to destroy the
Yugoslav military.
1237
01:15:50,231 --> 01:15:52,136
By the end of NATO
bombing, only
1238
01:15:52,161 --> 01:15:53,800
13 Yugoslav tanks
were destroyed
1239
01:15:53,825 --> 01:15:56,332
and a lot of those
were old models that
1240
01:15:56,357 --> 01:15:58,136
were left out
deliberately as decoys.
1241
01:15:58,200 --> 01:16:00,440
The Serbs had
ingenious methods of
1242
01:16:00,458 --> 01:16:02,354
protecting their
military defences.
1243
01:16:02,855 --> 01:16:05,393
They built wooden
tanks, painted them
1244
01:16:05,418 --> 01:16:07,972
to look like a real
tank and put an old
1245
01:16:08,011 --> 01:16:10,908
heater or microwave oven
inside it and turned it on.
1246
01:16:10,933 --> 01:16:13,453
NATO goes by with
hyper-high technology,
1247
01:16:13,488 --> 01:16:15,268
sees the target and bombs it.
1248
01:16:15,293 --> 01:16:18,494
OK, those bombs cost several
hundred thousand dollars per go,
1249
01:16:18,519 --> 01:16:22,112
and the tar paper tank
costs about 200 bucks.
1250
01:16:46,598 --> 01:16:49,496
LAUGHS
1251
01:16:53,606 --> 01:16:56,637
So why did Slobo
give in to NATO?
1252
01:16:57,360 --> 01:17:01,480
At the June 2nd meeting when
Marti Ahtisaari and Viktor
1253
01:17:01,520 --> 01:17:04,320
Chernomyrdin came to Belgrade
to meet with Milosevic,
1254
01:17:04,884 --> 01:17:08,754
Ahtisaari read me those terms.
1255
01:17:08,770 --> 01:17:10,806
And Milosevic asked them: What
1256
01:17:10,831 --> 01:17:13,194
would happen then
if I don’t sign?
1257
01:17:13,953 --> 01:17:16,020
There was a table between them
1258
01:17:16,312 --> 01:17:19,616
with a flower vase and Ahtisaari
moved the vase to the side
1259
01:17:20,515 --> 01:17:23,585
and said Belgrade will be
like this table.Then he
1260
01:17:23,610 --> 01:17:26,874
repeated the gesture of his arm
sweeping across the table.
1261
01:17:26,899 --> 01:17:30,730
He said in a weeks time
there will be half a
1262
01:17:30,762 --> 01:17:34,433
million dead, it will be
carpet bombing Belgrade.
1263
01:17:35,360 --> 01:17:38,047
Faced with Ahtisaari’s
monstrous threat,
1264
01:17:38,076 --> 01:17:41,097
Slobo had no choice and
signed the agreement,
1265
01:17:41,145 --> 01:17:45,212
while Ahtisaari went on to win
the Nobel Peace Prize in 2008.
1266
01:17:50,964 --> 01:17:54,511
This is a CBS News Special
Report, part of our
1267
01:17:54,536 --> 01:17:57,008
continuing coverage of
the Crisis over Kosovo
1268
01:17:58,167 --> 01:18:01,698
Earlier today, Serb forces
began withdrawing from Kosovo
1269
01:18:01,768 --> 01:18:05,035
and NATO suspended its 11
week bombing campaign.
1270
01:18:05,331 --> 01:18:08,893
The first step of the Western
geostrategic interests
1271
01:18:08,925 --> 01:18:11,925
was fulfilled in 1999
being that NATO troops
1272
01:18:11,950 --> 01:18:15,083
entered Kosovo and they
remain still in Kosovo.
1273
01:18:16,200 --> 01:18:19,440
Along with U.S. troops which
established Camp Bond steel,
1274
01:18:19,464 --> 01:18:20,885
the second largest foreign
1275
01:18:20,917 --> 01:18:22,448
military base
outside of Germany,
1276
01:18:22,479 --> 01:18:24,947
an army of lawyers
and consultants was
1277
01:18:24,979 --> 01:18:27,305
sent into the now
occupied Kosovo under
1278
01:18:27,339 --> 01:18:29,838
World Bank auspices
to create an enabling
1279
01:18:29,863 --> 01:18:31,830
environment for
foreign capital.
1280
01:18:31,870 --> 01:18:33,337
And how was this done?
1281
01:18:33,378 --> 01:18:36,143
They set up an
organization to manage the
1282
01:18:36,206 --> 01:18:39,588
privatization of socially
owned enterprises
1283
01:18:40,425 --> 01:18:43,674
and after a certain period
of time they determined
1284
01:18:43,792 --> 01:18:47,925
that they would do this without
any regard to legal ownership,
1285
01:18:48,057 --> 01:18:50,409
that they wouldn’t have
to pay any attention
1286
01:18:50,434 --> 01:18:52,541
to who actually
legally owned this,
1287
01:18:52,566 --> 01:18:54,776
they just basically
confiscated it and
1288
01:18:54,801 --> 01:18:57,182
privatized it, sold it
to whom they chose.
1289
01:18:57,276 --> 01:19:00,080
Yugoslav State banks in
Kosovo were closed down
1290
01:19:00,120 --> 01:19:02,520
and the Deutschmark was
adopted as legal tender.
1291
01:19:02,542 --> 01:19:05,182
Almost the entire banking
system in Kosovo was
1292
01:19:05,200 --> 01:19:07,560
handed over to Germany’s
Commerzbank A.G.
1293
01:19:07,925 --> 01:19:10,268
which gained full
control over commercial
1294
01:19:10,293 --> 01:19:12,416
banking functions
for the province.
1295
01:19:12,456 --> 01:19:13,656
One second though.
1296
01:19:13,878 --> 01:19:17,143
Think about this for a little
bit. Human rights violations.
1297
01:19:17,261 --> 01:19:18,011
War crimes.
1298
01:19:18,799 --> 01:19:20,784
Those are the reasons the
West went in to Kosovo,
1299
01:19:20,809 --> 01:19:22,299
we’ve been told by
the media, right?
1300
01:19:23,354 --> 01:19:26,305
So why was the head of the
UN mission of Kosovo most
1301
01:19:26,330 --> 01:19:29,627
obsessed with taking over a
coal mine from the Serbs?
1302
01:19:29,971 --> 01:19:31,416
MUSIC
1303
01:19:31,760 --> 01:19:34,104
Prior to the bombings,
Western investors
1304
01:19:34,205 --> 01:19:36,221
already had their eyes riveted
1305
01:19:36,280 --> 01:19:39,440
on the massive Trepca mining
complex which constitutes
1306
01:19:39,449 --> 01:19:41,605
the most valuable piece
of real estate in
1307
01:19:41,621 --> 01:19:44,260
the Balkans, worth
at least 5 billion Dollars.
1308
01:19:45,589 --> 01:19:48,416
The Trepca complex not only
includes copper and large
1309
01:19:48,464 --> 01:19:51,705
reserves of zinc but also
cadmium, gold, and silver.
1310
01:19:51,893 --> 01:19:54,041
The International
Crisis Group, a think
1311
01:19:54,080 --> 01:19:56,160
tank supported by
Financier George Soros,
1312
01:19:56,206 --> 01:19:57,806
issued a paper on Trepca
1313
01:19:57,831 --> 01:19:59,416
Making Sense of the Labyrinth
1314
01:19:59,480 --> 01:20:02,520
which told UNMIK to take over
the Trepca mining complex
1315
01:20:02,558 --> 01:20:04,142
from the Serbs as
quickly as possible
1316
01:20:04,200 --> 01:20:07,560
and that handing Trepca over
to the Kosovars is ruled out
1317
01:20:08,440 --> 01:20:11,440
And in August 2000, UNMIK
Head Bernard Kouchner
1318
01:20:11,488 --> 01:20:13,948
sent in heavily armed
peacekeepers wearing
1319
01:20:13,987 --> 01:20:17,620
surgical masks against toxic
smoke to occupy the mine.
1320
01:20:17,640 --> 01:20:20,080
This was done on the pretense
that it was creating
1321
01:20:20,128 --> 01:20:23,401
an environmental hazard through
excessive air pollution.
1322
01:20:23,432 --> 01:20:25,899
Of course, a healthy
environment had
1323
01:20:25,924 --> 01:20:29,026
always been a top priority
of the West in Yugoslavia,
1324
01:20:29,050 --> 01:20:32,464
even during the bombing campaign
nicknamed Merciful angel
1325
01:20:32,503 --> 01:20:34,703
After NATO used
depleted uranium
1326
01:20:34,728 --> 01:20:37,394
munitions here during
the 1999 bombing,
1327
01:20:38,261 --> 01:20:40,511
military experts
from Belgrade have
1328
01:20:40,536 --> 01:20:42,682
registered an increased
radiation level
1329
01:20:42,720 --> 01:20:45,640
Dr. Sedlak was the first
to raise the alarm.
1330
01:20:45,751 --> 01:20:48,651
There is no other place in
the modern world where so
1331
01:20:48,676 --> 01:20:52,112
many people and so many young
people die from cancer.
1332
01:20:52,135 --> 01:20:54,822
In this animal hospital
in the South of Serbia,
1333
01:20:54,847 --> 01:20:57,346
there is evidence of
something going wrong.
1334
01:20:57,410 --> 01:21:00,675
As it takes billions of
years for uranium to decay,
1335
01:21:01,160 --> 01:21:03,613
the shadow of the ghost
of the merciful angel
1336
01:21:03,638 --> 01:21:06,339
will hang over the region
virtually forever.
1337
01:21:06,434 --> 01:21:08,042
See, that’s perfectly fine.
1338
01:21:08,059 --> 01:21:10,667
Meanwhile, the United
Nations had handed over the
1339
01:21:10,693 --> 01:21:13,222
management of the entire
Trepca mining complex
1340
01:21:13,247 --> 01:21:14,933
to a Western consortium.
1341
01:21:14,965 --> 01:21:17,365
With a stake in the
Trepca deal was
1342
01:21:17,390 --> 01:21:19,316
Morrison Knudsen International.
1343
01:21:19,341 --> 01:21:22,417
The new conglomerate was
the Washington Group,
1344
01:21:22,442 --> 01:21:25,567
one of the World's most powerful
engineering and construction
1345
01:21:25,599 --> 01:21:29,355
firms as well as a major
Defense contractor in the US.
1346
01:21:29,557 --> 01:21:31,113
Are any of the
Western politicians,
1347
01:21:31,138 --> 01:21:33,175
businessmen or lobbyists
facing charges
1348
01:21:33,200 --> 01:21:35,152
for stealing
from the Yugoslav people,
1349
01:21:35,191 --> 01:21:37,902
for crimes against the people
of the former Yugoslavia?
1350
01:21:38,684 --> 01:21:41,350
Nope. Not a single one of them.
1351
01:21:42,320 --> 01:21:44,720
Instead, to escape
any persecution,
1352
01:21:44,934 --> 01:21:47,199
they set up a tribunal
in the Hague,
1353
01:21:47,230 --> 01:21:49,134
the Netherlands, to try the
1354
01:21:49,160 --> 01:21:51,277
Yugoslav people
involved in the war.
1355
01:21:51,316 --> 01:21:54,019
The Hague Tribunal was
founded in 1993
1356
01:21:55,352 --> 01:21:59,160
on the basis of the Security
Council Resolution,
1357
01:21:59,215 --> 01:22:01,433
rather than General
Assembly Resolution,
1358
01:22:01,720 --> 01:22:05,480
which means that it is an
ad hoc body created on the
1359
01:22:05,505 --> 01:22:08,776
basis of political rather
than legal principles
1360
01:22:08,855 --> 01:22:12,511
When you’re creating a colony,
you only lock up the dissidents.
1361
01:22:12,699 --> 01:22:17,324
Back in Belgrade, Slobo, who was
declared a man of peace in 1995
1362
01:22:17,598 --> 01:22:19,730
when he handed over
Bosnia to the West,
1363
01:22:19,755 --> 01:22:22,167
after he was being
stubborn about doing the
1364
01:22:22,192 --> 01:22:24,747
same for Kosovo, got
indicted for war crimes.
1365
01:22:25,598 --> 01:22:28,217
I think every major
world leader knows that
1366
01:22:28,242 --> 01:22:30,622
if they don’t go along
with the system,
1367
01:22:30,832 --> 01:22:33,292
that they’re likely to be
taken out one way or another.
1368
01:22:33,348 --> 01:22:35,914
After an extensive
anti-Slobo campaign
1369
01:22:35,938 --> 01:22:37,699
readily financed by
Western wallets,
1370
01:22:37,715 --> 01:22:40,894
The EU and the USA have
spent millions of Euros in
1371
01:22:40,908 --> 01:22:44,025
equipping opposition
movements inside Yugoslavia
1372
01:22:44,050 --> 01:22:47,440
with the necessary resources
to fight in election campaign.
1373
01:22:47,465 --> 01:22:50,532
Slobo lost the elections
in September of 2000,
1374
01:22:50,600 --> 01:22:53,720
but wouldn’t heel to his
opponent, Vojislav Kostunica.
1375
01:22:53,760 --> 01:22:56,160
Vojo decided that
enough was enough.
1376
01:22:56,662 --> 01:22:57,412
CHEERING
1377
01:23:02,137 --> 01:23:04,107
Victory, victory
shouted the crowd,
1378
01:23:04,177 --> 01:23:07,904
Slobodan, Slobodan save Serbia
and kill yourself, cried others.
1379
01:23:14,381 --> 01:23:15,263
Slobo fell.
1380
01:23:16,685 --> 01:23:17,685
But what next?
1381
01:23:18,709 --> 01:23:20,388
The politicians
were all back to
1382
01:23:20,400 --> 01:23:22,560
quarrelling over
insignificant nonsense,
1383
01:23:22,615 --> 01:23:25,597
in the hottest TV
reality show AKA
1384
01:23:25,622 --> 01:23:27,640
the Serbian
National Assembly.
1385
01:25:00,130 --> 01:25:02,387
MUSIC
1386
01:25:03,341 --> 01:25:05,669
Instead of focusing on the
really important things,
1387
01:25:05,850 --> 01:25:09,263
they allowed the further
fragmentation of Yugoslavia.
1388
01:25:09,288 --> 01:25:10,466
In 2003,
1389
01:25:10,718 --> 01:25:12,778
the name Yugoslavia
1390
01:25:12,857 --> 01:25:15,452
officially ceased to
exist thanks to the
1391
01:25:15,480 --> 01:25:17,560
genius prescription
of Havier Solana.
1392
01:25:24,147 --> 01:25:27,614
However, one man didn’t
want to give up his country
1393
01:25:27,676 --> 01:25:29,090
and its system so easily.
1394
01:25:29,480 --> 01:25:32,480
Blasko Gabric, from my
home town of Subotica,
1395
01:25:32,880 --> 01:25:34,947
decided to make a radical move.
1396
01:25:35,076 --> 01:25:37,653
Yugoslavian socialism
was much much better
1397
01:25:37,678 --> 01:25:39,653
socialism than any
other socialism,
1398
01:25:39,678 --> 01:25:40,989
alright, comparing
to the Russians
1399
01:25:41,014 --> 01:25:42,536
or comparing with Chinese.
1400
01:25:42,561 --> 01:25:44,216
We had a Heaven.
1401
01:25:44,302 --> 01:25:48,372
If you can imagine a Heaven in
the Earth, that was Yugoslavia.
1402
01:25:48,451 --> 01:25:51,255
Blasko explains who took
away his piece of Heaven.
1403
01:25:51,294 --> 01:25:54,833
The Western world,
they want to talk
1404
01:25:55,614 --> 01:25:57,528
You will go to
Heaven when you die.
1405
01:25:58,247 --> 01:26:01,575
They don’t want afford you
Heaven when you’re alive.
1406
01:26:01,622 --> 01:26:03,700
So, he turned his
property of 15
1407
01:26:03,720 --> 01:26:06,960
hectars into a new,
fourth Yugoslavia
1408
01:26:07,365 --> 01:26:09,145
If they destroy your factory,
1409
01:26:09,200 --> 01:26:10,755
if they put everything
on private.
1410
01:26:10,800 --> 01:26:13,400
Whatever we had we don’t have
any more, what do you call that?
1411
01:26:13,451 --> 01:26:15,651
The West said this
was democracy.
1412
01:26:16,208 --> 01:26:18,630
We have a very very nice joke.
1413
01:26:19,646 --> 01:26:22,395
When Muslim people
ask their priest
1414
01:26:23,852 --> 01:26:26,384
how can he explain
democracy to them,
1415
01:26:27,404 --> 01:26:29,270
to be capable to understand.
1416
01:26:29,816 --> 01:26:30,566
Well,
1417
01:26:30,848 --> 01:26:33,144
very simple I can
explain that to you.
1418
01:26:33,340 --> 01:26:35,324
See, when I go in
top of minaret
1419
01:26:36,231 --> 01:26:37,824
and you are down below me
1420
01:26:37,863 --> 01:26:39,463
and I piss on you guys,
1421
01:26:40,199 --> 01:26:41,925
even you can piss on me too.
1422
01:26:41,988 --> 01:26:43,122
That’s democracy.
1423
01:26:43,301 --> 01:26:43,933
Well,
1424
01:26:43,965 --> 01:26:44,765
jokes aside,
1425
01:26:45,317 --> 01:26:48,589
taking away Yugoslavia’s name
had a more malevolent motive.
1426
01:26:48,744 --> 01:26:50,910
When they take
Yugoslavia away, when
1427
01:26:50,935 --> 01:26:52,973
they call Serbia and Montenegro
1428
01:26:53,950 --> 01:26:56,017
West promised to the Montenegro
1429
01:26:56,544 --> 01:26:57,942
Leave the Serbia alone
1430
01:26:57,997 --> 01:26:58,950
Come 2006,
1431
01:26:59,427 --> 01:27:02,046
after a controversial
referendum Montenegro
1432
01:27:02,071 --> 01:27:04,451
became the newest
country of the world.
1433
01:27:04,544 --> 01:27:09,182
55.4% of citizens voted for the
independence of Montenegro
1434
01:27:12,854 --> 01:27:15,254
However, another
part of the former
1435
01:27:15,279 --> 01:27:17,549
Yugoslavia still
wanted that title.
1436
01:27:17,574 --> 01:27:19,377
You guessed it, Kosovo.
1437
01:27:19,901 --> 01:27:20,955
In the same year,
1438
01:27:21,011 --> 01:27:23,768
negotiations began between
the Belgrade government
1439
01:27:23,800 --> 01:27:26,916
and the Albanian minority
over the status of Kosovo.
1440
01:27:26,940 --> 01:27:29,002
However, the so-called
negotiations
1441
01:27:29,027 --> 01:27:30,611
were a farce from
the beginning,
1442
01:27:30,636 --> 01:27:33,143
as almost all the Western
powers were promising
1443
01:27:33,168 --> 01:27:36,315
Kosovo independence regardless
of the negotiations.
1444
01:27:36,355 --> 01:27:39,666
Sooner rather than later, you
gotta say enough is enough
1445
01:27:40,136 --> 01:27:41,669
Kosovo is independent.
1446
01:27:42,268 --> 01:27:44,307
That’s the position
we’ve taken.
1447
01:27:44,362 --> 01:27:47,323
The people of Kosovo need
to know that it is a solid,
1448
01:27:47,348 --> 01:27:50,516
firm position, even though
there is diplomacy and talks
1449
01:27:50,541 --> 01:27:53,112
but if it’s apparent
that that’s not going to
1450
01:27:53,137 --> 01:27:55,260
happen in a relatively
quick period of time,
1451
01:27:55,308 --> 01:27:58,841
in my judgement, we need to
put forward a resolution!
1452
01:28:00,102 --> 01:28:00,937
Think about it.
1453
01:28:00,977 --> 01:28:03,061
If you had some of the
world’s largest powers
1454
01:28:03,086 --> 01:28:05,469
telling you that you
can get what you want,
1455
01:28:05,641 --> 01:28:08,174
why the hell would you
settle for any less
1456
01:28:08,305 --> 01:28:10,234
and try to reach a compromise?
1457
01:28:10,523 --> 01:28:13,125
As anticipated, the
talks broke down and
1458
01:28:13,150 --> 01:28:16,609
Kosovo, unilaterally,
declared independence.
1459
01:28:16,859 --> 01:28:20,268
MUSIC
1460
01:28:20,360 --> 01:28:24,080
It has been an honour to welcome
the President and Prime Minister
1461
01:28:24,142 --> 01:28:27,142
of an independent Kosovo
to the Oval Office.
1462
01:28:27,704 --> 01:28:30,204
I’m proud y’all are here.
I welcome you.
1463
01:28:31,307 --> 01:28:34,125
I'm a strong supporter of
Kosovo’s independence.
1464
01:28:37,758 --> 01:28:40,195
MUSIC
1465
01:28:53,586 --> 01:28:56,617
I pledged that the United
States would continue to work
1466
01:28:56,642 --> 01:28:59,555
with those nations that have
not recognized an independent
1467
01:28:59,580 --> 01:29:02,469
Kosovo to convince them to do
so as quickly as possible.
1468
01:29:02,524 --> 01:29:04,328
Contrary to what Bush had hoped,
1469
01:29:04,353 --> 01:29:07,547
the majority of world countries
didn’t recognize Kosovo,
1470
01:29:07,572 --> 01:29:10,016
and it didn’t even become
a UN member state.
1471
01:29:10,055 --> 01:29:12,875
Thus Kosovo failed
to become a country.
1472
01:29:12,922 --> 01:29:14,750
What was absurd in
this story is that
1473
01:29:14,775 --> 01:29:16,492
the Albanian minority,
which in all
1474
01:29:16,532 --> 01:29:18,959
fairness did suffer greatly
throughout the 1990s,
1475
01:29:18,984 --> 01:29:22,469
thought that they actually
got independence in 2008.
1476
01:29:22,493 --> 01:29:26,797
Big day for Kosovo people.
Albanians, yeah.
1477
01:29:26,840 --> 01:29:29,560
How do you feel?,
- Ooh, I feeling
1478
01:29:29,615 --> 01:29:33,289
very very good. This
is like a dream.
1479
01:29:34,086 --> 01:29:34,836
As a Serb,
1480
01:29:35,281 --> 01:29:37,172
I feel sorry for the Albanians.
1481
01:29:37,758 --> 01:29:41,292
Because they have been dooped
even more than we have.
1482
01:29:41,446 --> 01:29:44,094
They think they have
an independent state.
1483
01:29:44,581 --> 01:29:47,158
Kosovo is a U.S. military base.
1484
01:29:48,320 --> 01:29:51,640
It happens to have some local
colour called Albanians.
1485
01:29:52,192 --> 01:29:55,478
Some local foliage like
leaves on the trees.
1486
01:30:03,088 --> 01:30:05,702
Whether they could decide
to do something not
1487
01:30:05,720 --> 01:30:07,240
consisted with U.S. wishes
1488
01:30:08,237 --> 01:30:08,987
Impossible.
1489
01:30:09,237 --> 01:30:11,518
Do you think the Kosovo
government could do
1490
01:30:11,543 --> 01:30:14,176
anything without the
Americans agreeing with it?
1491
01:30:14,252 --> 01:30:15,002
No.
1492
01:30:44,213 --> 01:30:46,001
We just we listen Americans.
1493
01:30:46,026 --> 01:30:49,930
America, there are 50
countries... States. Yeah, so,
1494
01:30:49,955 --> 01:30:52,355
why Kosovo not be a
part of America?
1495
01:30:52,387 --> 01:30:53,250
You would support that?
1496
01:30:53,454 --> 01:30:54,844
Yes, why not.
1497
01:30:54,869 --> 01:30:58,102
They are just administrating
everything in Kosovo.
1498
01:30:58,212 --> 01:31:00,087
The Americans are in control?
1499
01:31:00,111 --> 01:31:02,516
Yea, they are pretty
much in control here.
1500
01:31:03,009 --> 01:31:06,942
We are not independent from
European Union and from America
1501
01:31:09,017 --> 01:31:10,284
The formal channel
1502
01:31:10,400 --> 01:31:12,235
whereby the
international missions
1503
01:31:12,260 --> 01:31:15,735
of Kosovo have the
absolute power over all
1504
01:31:15,766 --> 01:31:19,048
walks of political and economic
life in Kosovo are represented
1505
01:31:19,079 --> 01:31:21,579
through International
Civilian Representative
1506
01:31:21,600 --> 01:31:23,080
who has the right to expel any
1507
01:31:23,120 --> 01:31:25,680
elected official or
annual any laws that
1508
01:31:25,700 --> 01:31:27,219
are passed by the
Assembly of Kosovo.
1509
01:31:27,236 --> 01:31:29,161
At the same time,
there is an informal
1510
01:31:29,186 --> 01:31:30,637
channel whereby
the international
1511
01:31:30,669 --> 01:31:32,887
community meddles
within the politics
1512
01:31:32,912 --> 01:31:34,715
and economics of Kosovo through
1513
01:31:34,778 --> 01:31:37,161
the Ambassadors of the
powerful countries
1514
01:31:37,186 --> 01:31:38,950
that have been
seen or presented
1515
01:31:38,981 --> 01:31:41,512
itself as sponsors of the
independence of Kosovo.
1516
01:31:41,536 --> 01:31:43,442
The wishes of these
Ambassadors are
1517
01:31:43,467 --> 01:31:46,684
kind of like orders to
Kosovo’s politicians.
1518
01:31:46,950 --> 01:31:51,473
Kosovo still remains a colony
and this colonization has
1519
01:31:51,498 --> 01:31:55,200
actually degraded the life
1520
01:31:55,341 --> 01:31:57,629
or the standard of
living of Kosovo.
1521
01:31:57,685 --> 01:32:00,168
On the other hand, the
people of Serbia’s
1522
01:32:00,192 --> 01:32:01,840
other province were
unaware of what
1523
01:32:01,865 --> 01:32:03,457
was being prepared for them.
1524
01:32:03,480 --> 01:32:05,880
Smack dab in the middle
of the Pannonian plain,
1525
01:32:05,920 --> 01:32:09,400
Vojvodina has always been an
attractive chunk of real estate,
1526
01:32:09,427 --> 01:32:11,723
exploited for its
fertile farmland.
1527
01:32:11,754 --> 01:32:14,426
After Kosovo’s declaration
of independence,
1528
01:32:14,451 --> 01:32:17,106
the West turned their
sights northward.
1529
01:32:17,442 --> 01:32:19,109
Towards the end of 2009,
1530
01:32:19,731 --> 01:32:22,531
in an article published
in The Economist,
1531
01:32:22,556 --> 01:32:24,723
the situation in
Serbia’s northern
1532
01:32:24,748 --> 01:32:26,887
province was described
as being on
1533
01:32:26,920 --> 01:32:30,920
the thin end of a wedge leading
to Vojvodina’s independence.
1534
01:32:31,161 --> 01:32:35,294
After all, Kosovo and Vojvodina
had equally extensive autonomy.
1535
01:32:43,198 --> 01:32:44,738
And why did nobody take action?
1536
01:32:44,763 --> 01:32:46,430
What’s with the silence?
1537
01:32:46,442 --> 01:32:48,028
You see, there’s a way to
1538
01:32:48,067 --> 01:32:49,786
get people to do
something in Serbia,
1539
01:32:49,849 --> 01:32:52,184
or any other Yugoslav
country for that matter
1540
01:32:52,254 --> 01:32:54,520
just tell them it’s
another step towards
1541
01:32:54,545 --> 01:32:57,778
bringing them closer
to the European Union.
1542
01:32:58,060 --> 01:33:00,691
The EU, a unique
political and economic
1543
01:33:00,716 --> 01:33:02,676
partnership of
European countries,
1544
01:33:02,701 --> 01:33:04,559
provides states with
an exchange of goods,
1545
01:33:04,582 --> 01:33:06,849
people and ideas
on a market that
1546
01:33:06,874 --> 01:33:08,684
includes around a
billion inhabitants.
1547
01:33:08,728 --> 01:33:10,715
Apart from the
official definition,
1548
01:33:10,740 --> 01:33:12,997
there’s more to it
than the eye can see.
1549
01:33:14,755 --> 01:33:18,942
European Union is a project
of the elite class in Europe
1550
01:33:19,403 --> 01:33:24,176
that denies the value of the
genuine heritage of European
1551
01:33:25,185 --> 01:33:28,207
civilization and seeks to
replace it with politically
1552
01:33:28,232 --> 01:33:30,649
correct dictate of
the ideology of
1553
01:33:30,674 --> 01:33:33,105
post modernism and
post nationalism.
1554
01:33:33,427 --> 01:33:36,137
First, your country has to
open its market to EU products
1555
01:33:36,162 --> 01:33:38,575
and sell all its banks,
which is like giving
1556
01:33:38,600 --> 01:33:41,004
away your queen and rooks
in a game of chess.
1557
01:33:41,044 --> 01:33:43,317
Then, your country’s
domestic industry,
1558
01:33:43,342 --> 01:33:44,817
agriculture and money
market goes bust,
1559
01:33:44,856 --> 01:33:46,950
which allows foreign
companies to get a good
1560
01:33:46,982 --> 01:33:49,418
purchase price on your
most valuable assets.
1561
01:33:49,450 --> 01:33:52,228
If we continue the chess
analogy, your government
1562
01:33:52,253 --> 01:33:54,474
is playing as a
beginner against the EU
1563
01:33:54,528 --> 01:33:56,348
who is ten steps ahead of you.
1564
01:33:56,372 --> 01:33:58,850
You may know how to move the
figures, but your opponent
1565
01:33:58,875 --> 01:34:01,995
knows how to draw you to thin
ice and get what he wants.
1566
01:34:02,020 --> 01:34:02,770
Check-mate.
1567
01:34:03,442 --> 01:34:04,731
In the Czech Republic,
1568
01:34:04,778 --> 01:34:08,075
the EU forced the sugar industry
to close their factories,
1569
01:34:08,106 --> 01:34:10,278
because the EU had
too much sugar it
1570
01:34:10,303 --> 01:34:13,229
was importing from Cuba that
made them bigger profit.
1571
01:34:13,254 --> 01:34:16,667
Instead, the Czechs got a
little gift from the Germans
1572
01:34:16,714 --> 01:34:19,154
their dirty industry
which they couldn’t
1573
01:34:19,180 --> 01:34:21,323
keep in Germany due to
the Kyoto protocol.
1574
01:34:21,363 --> 01:34:22,113
In Hungary,
1575
01:34:22,182 --> 01:34:25,564
vineyards were first destroyed
by French dumping prices,
1576
01:34:25,589 --> 01:34:27,329
which then caused
the Hungarians to
1577
01:34:27,354 --> 01:34:29,329
not be able to pay
back their loans
1578
01:34:29,354 --> 01:34:30,907
to the banks, and
foreigners bought
1579
01:34:30,923 --> 01:34:32,259
their property at low prices.
1580
01:34:32,280 --> 01:34:34,679
This is why the most
famous Hungarian vineyars
1581
01:34:34,680 --> 01:34:37,000
such as Tokay, are
owned by the English.
1582
01:34:37,963 --> 01:34:41,096
There is no work, says
this man, just poverty.
1583
01:34:44,041 --> 01:34:46,710
The situation has become
worse since the sugar
1584
01:34:46,720 --> 01:34:49,720
factory nearby Szerencsi
closed down last year.
1585
01:34:50,520 --> 01:34:53,440
80 people from Meszozombor
lost their jobs.
1586
01:34:54,160 --> 01:34:56,120
The factory’s been torned down.
1587
01:34:56,166 --> 01:34:58,499
I think you can see
a pattern here.
1588
01:34:58,814 --> 01:35:02,025
These places like the Balkans
and the rest of Eastern Europe
1589
01:35:02,041 --> 01:35:05,108
were not supposed to be
colleagues and equals
1590
01:35:05,142 --> 01:35:08,962
in a brotherhood of nations,
but rather they were supposed
1591
01:35:08,987 --> 01:35:12,173
to be markets for Western
industrial goods.
1592
01:35:12,899 --> 01:35:17,360
They were supposed to be
markets for cheap labour.
1593
01:36:00,752 --> 01:36:03,439
Bear in mind it takes a
while to join the EU.
1594
01:36:46,524 --> 01:36:49,499
You won’t hear about these
things in the media though.
1595
01:36:49,524 --> 01:36:53,477
The European Union spends
over 2 billion
1596
01:36:54,196 --> 01:36:58,899
Euros per year for its
representation in the media.
1597
01:36:58,985 --> 01:37:01,388
They sponsor shows
on television, on
1598
01:37:01,413 --> 01:37:04,009
radios, they sponsor
programs and so on.
1599
01:37:04,470 --> 01:37:07,039
They organize
conferences, especially
1600
01:37:07,063 --> 01:37:08,796
just for the journalists.
1601
01:37:08,822 --> 01:37:12,961
It’s a massive industry, you
hardly ever hear criticism about
1602
01:37:13,032 --> 01:37:15,699
the European Union
from the journalists.
1603
01:37:16,016 --> 01:37:17,860
In Serbia there
has never been a
1604
01:37:17,885 --> 01:37:19,844
true debate about
the European Union
1605
01:37:19,869 --> 01:37:23,250
and any attempt to even
initiate such a debate was
1606
01:37:23,292 --> 01:37:25,542
condemned upfront
as anti-European
1607
01:37:26,542 --> 01:37:29,959
Those who try to open up such
a debate are simply cut off.
1608
01:38:28,209 --> 01:38:29,543
I remember that guy,
1609
01:38:30,876 --> 01:38:34,251
the neoliberal guy
from the party G17+,
1610
01:38:35,459 --> 01:38:39,335
he told me Yea but you are
criticizing the European Union,
1611
01:38:39,336 --> 01:38:41,459
but hey, you live
in European Union,
1612
01:38:41,501 --> 01:38:43,293
Slovenia is doing
well in Europe!
1613
01:38:43,334 --> 01:38:45,417
No, it just doesn’t
work like this.
1614
01:38:46,042 --> 01:38:48,042
This is a standard propaganda,
1615
01:38:48,334 --> 01:38:49,293
you understand?
1616
01:38:49,334 --> 01:38:52,751
We are not better off because
we are in European Union.
1617
01:38:52,797 --> 01:38:53,931
It’s vice versa.
1618
01:38:54,125 --> 01:38:57,541
We are in European Union
because we did better off
1619
01:38:57,542 --> 01:38:59,001
than other, for example,
1620
01:38:59,042 --> 01:39:00,960
republics of the
former Yugoslavia.
1621
01:39:00,961 --> 01:39:04,418
After the death of Yugoslavia,
every single former Yugoslav
1622
01:39:04,459 --> 01:39:07,168
republic wanted to become
a member of the EU.
1623
01:39:07,209 --> 01:39:10,459
Slovenia was the first to
actually join in 2004,
1624
01:39:10,792 --> 01:39:12,334
but wasn’t dazzled much.
1625
01:39:12,375 --> 01:39:14,834
We are no more a country,
1626
01:39:14,918 --> 01:39:17,502
we are just a region
of European Union.
1627
01:39:18,334 --> 01:39:19,751
Why do I claim that?
1628
01:39:21,459 --> 01:39:23,335
We have no monetary policy,
1629
01:39:23,584 --> 01:39:26,126
we have practically
no fiscal policy,
1630
01:39:26,209 --> 01:39:28,751
because we are very
much restricted with
1631
01:39:28,834 --> 01:39:31,251
the rules of European
Union or EU area.
1632
01:39:32,083 --> 01:39:33,625
Are things better off now that
1633
01:39:33,667 --> 01:39:35,209
Slovenia is in the
European Union?
1634
01:39:35,250 --> 01:39:36,667
No, I don’t think so.
1635
01:39:36,918 --> 01:39:38,585
I don’t think it’s better
1636
01:39:38,626 --> 01:39:40,666
No, I don’t think so.
1637
01:39:40,667 --> 01:39:43,458
The prices have just
doubled, everything
1638
01:39:43,459 --> 01:39:46,043
is more expensive
then it used to be.
1639
01:39:46,417 --> 01:39:48,126
The clothes are more
expensive
1640
01:39:48,167 --> 01:39:48,751
LAUGHS
1641
01:39:48,834 --> 01:39:51,043
I voted no when
we had a referendum
1642
01:39:51,044 --> 01:39:52,709
for joining European Union.
1643
01:40:05,083 --> 01:40:08,542
Basically, if you are part
of the European Union,
1644
01:40:08,584 --> 01:40:11,751
you are giving something
into the common wallet EU.
1645
01:40:13,042 --> 01:40:15,376
A lot of social
rights that we had
1646
01:40:15,417 --> 01:40:17,626
in the past are
now being shrinked.
1647
01:40:18,250 --> 01:40:20,792
I believe, and that’s
my personal opinion,
1648
01:40:20,834 --> 01:40:23,876
that European Union is more
of a corporation than like
1649
01:40:23,918 --> 01:40:26,335
a political establishment
that secures human rights.
1650
01:40:46,626 --> 01:40:48,709
Right across the
street from Slovenia,
1651
01:40:48,751 --> 01:40:51,543
Croatia was giving up
enforcement of the Ecological
1652
01:40:51,584 --> 01:40:53,918
and Fisheries Protection
Zone towards EU states,
1653
01:40:53,959 --> 01:40:55,543
as one third of all
Italian fishing
1654
01:40:55,544 --> 01:40:57,084
activity came from that zone.
1655
01:40:57,125 --> 01:40:59,459
It also flushed away
it’s banking sector.
1656
01:41:15,417 --> 01:41:18,791
On the other hand, people in
Serbia find it hard to stop
1657
01:41:18,792 --> 01:41:21,001
trusting everything that
comes from the West,
1658
01:41:21,042 --> 01:41:23,417
often readily believing
their propaganda
1659
01:41:23,459 --> 01:41:25,168
that the West
really loves them,
1660
01:41:25,209 --> 01:41:27,418
and that even when
they’re bombing Serbs,
1661
01:41:27,440 --> 01:41:29,440
they’re doing it for
the Serbs’ own good.
1662
01:41:29,459 --> 01:41:32,459
I think the situation
that we’re in today is the
1663
01:41:32,501 --> 01:41:36,252
result of something that I
call predatory capitalism.
1664
01:41:37,250 --> 01:41:39,584
And it really got
under way in the
1665
01:41:39,600 --> 01:41:41,440
70s when I was an
economic hitman,
1666
01:41:41,501 --> 01:41:44,543
we used predatory capitalism
in the third world a lot.
1667
01:41:44,584 --> 01:41:48,126
The first principle is that
the only responsibility of
1668
01:41:48,167 --> 01:41:50,834
business is to maximize
profit regardless
1669
01:41:50,959 --> 01:41:53,293
of the social and
environmental cost.
1670
01:42:13,250 --> 01:42:14,834
As Yugoslavia broke up,
1671
01:42:14,876 --> 01:42:18,502
the federal debt was distributed
between the successor states.
1672
01:42:18,526 --> 01:42:20,192
At the end of the 2000s,
1673
01:42:20,250 --> 01:42:23,834
the prosperity everyone was
promised clearly kicked in.
1674
01:42:23,876 --> 01:42:26,543
Montenegro, from a
debt of 416 million,
1675
01:42:26,584 --> 01:42:30,376
had acquired a debt of
4,7 billion dollars,
1676
01:42:30,918 --> 01:42:35,043
Macedonia had jumped from 890
million to 6,7 billion dollars,
1677
01:42:36,459 --> 01:42:40,251
and Bosnia went from 2,1 billion
to 16,5 billion dollars.
1678
01:42:41,959 --> 01:42:46,209
Serbia’s debt increased from 5,5
billion to 38 billion dollars.
1679
01:42:46,751 --> 01:42:51,085
Slovenia from 2,6 billion to a
shocking 56,3 billion dollars.
1680
01:42:53,125 --> 01:42:56,167
And Croatia, the absolute
debt acquiring winner, jumped
1681
01:42:56,209 --> 01:42:58,960
from 4,6 billion to a
dizzying 69 billion dollars.
1682
01:43:02,167 --> 01:43:05,250
In 1988, two years before
the breakup of Yugoslavia,
1683
01:43:39,349 --> 01:43:41,013
Heh, Yugoslavs love to say how
1684
01:43:41,038 --> 01:43:42,450
they lived off
foreign debt during
1685
01:43:42,475 --> 01:43:45,008
Tito’s Yugoslavia.
And now they don’t?
1686
01:44:14,717 --> 01:44:16,856
Okay, so, they were
bought by foreigners.
1687
01:44:16,881 --> 01:44:18,548
What’s so bad about that?
1688
01:44:49,188 --> 01:44:52,399
On the other hand, here’s one
example of how they robbed
1689
01:44:52,424 --> 01:44:54,305
the reduced Yugoslavia
with loans.
1690
01:44:54,336 --> 01:44:56,803
First, they enforced
heavy sanctions.
1691
01:45:23,720 --> 01:45:25,560
Miroljub Labus was, by the way,
1692
01:45:25,634 --> 01:45:28,967
a member of G17+, those
so called pro-IMF experts.
1693
01:46:04,981 --> 01:46:08,848
In 2008, Croatia earned 9,3
billion dollars from tourism,
1694
01:46:10,598 --> 01:46:13,975
which amounts to some 20%
of Croatia’s overall GDP.
1695
01:46:14,077 --> 01:46:16,381
And this would’ve
been great, had the
1696
01:46:16,406 --> 01:46:18,249
money actually
stayed in Croatia.
1697
01:46:25,732 --> 01:46:28,083
Of those 9,3
billion, Croatia was
1698
01:46:28,108 --> 01:46:30,178
left with small
waiter salaries,
1699
01:46:30,217 --> 01:46:33,344
wage taxes, the goods and
services tax of 19%,
1700
01:46:33,400 --> 01:46:35,480
and a handful of Euros
from restaurants,
1701
01:46:35,505 --> 01:46:37,705
cafés and private
accommodation,
1702
01:46:37,718 --> 01:46:40,000
while the profit
went to Germany.
1703
01:46:44,134 --> 01:46:46,031
With the macro
economic stability
1704
01:46:46,063 --> 01:46:47,305
at stake in all the republics,
1705
01:46:47,337 --> 01:46:49,906
the IMF and World Bank
step in to save the day.
1706
01:46:49,931 --> 01:46:51,180
And how to they do it?
1707
01:46:51,251 --> 01:46:53,563
Let’s say the IMF
and World Bank give
1708
01:46:53,588 --> 01:46:55,453
you a loan of 300
million dollars,
1709
01:46:55,477 --> 01:46:58,063
to which you have to pay
interest of 5,5 to 7%.
1710
01:46:58,088 --> 01:47:00,366
But the money doesn’t
go anywhere, no no,
1711
01:47:00,391 --> 01:47:02,178
it stays in big American
or German banks,
1712
01:47:02,203 --> 01:47:04,339
as well as the republics
foreign exchange
1713
01:47:04,364 --> 01:47:06,804
reserves, to which you
get 2 to 2,5 % interest.
1714
01:47:06,843 --> 01:47:08,897
Then, those same banks,
with essentially
1715
01:47:08,920 --> 01:47:11,480
the republic’s money,give
investment loans to the
1716
01:47:11,531 --> 01:47:13,953
republics through different
development funds,
1717
01:47:13,978 --> 01:47:16,046
which again increases
their debt that
1718
01:47:16,071 --> 01:47:18,665
they can repay only
with fresh new loans.
1719
01:47:19,507 --> 01:47:21,241
Thus, the cycle continues.
1720
01:47:29,313 --> 01:47:31,336
What does this mean
to the people?
1721
01:47:31,367 --> 01:47:34,421
If we divide up every country’s
debt by it’s population,
1722
01:47:34,446 --> 01:47:37,406
this is how much every
citizen would have to pay.
1723
01:47:37,438 --> 01:47:39,047
Yet, many people
still think that
1724
01:47:39,072 --> 01:47:40,687
foreign factors
want to help them.
1725
01:48:03,632 --> 01:48:06,778
Foreign banks used the desperate
state of the Yugoslav
1726
01:48:06,810 --> 01:48:10,295
population for their own gains,
sometimes by criminal means.
1727
01:48:34,712 --> 01:48:36,385
The dire situation
was made worse
1728
01:48:36,410 --> 01:48:38,276
by the world financial crisis,
1729
01:48:38,323 --> 01:48:40,182
so Croatia looked
at what else the
1730
01:48:40,207 --> 01:48:42,237
country had a lot of
that it could sell.
1731
01:48:42,276 --> 01:48:44,119
That’s right, islands!
1732
01:48:45,425 --> 01:48:46,674
In 2009,
1733
01:48:46,784 --> 01:48:48,612
Britain’s Independent newspaper
1734
01:48:48,637 --> 01:48:50,619
announced that Croatia
wants to sell
1735
01:48:50,682 --> 01:48:53,416
the Brijuni Islands, which
is also a national park
1736
01:48:53,441 --> 01:48:56,471
and, located on it, Tito’s
luxurious former residence.
1737
01:49:14,378 --> 01:49:16,604
Meanwhile, in the
colony of Bosnia,
1738
01:49:16,667 --> 01:49:19,971
the IMF added Article 7 to
Bosnia’s new constitution,
1739
01:49:20,011 --> 01:49:21,744
drawn up in Dayton, Ohio.
1740
01:49:21,878 --> 01:49:24,411
They decided that
the Governing Board
1741
01:49:24,436 --> 01:49:26,463
of the Central Bank
shall consist of
1742
01:49:26,511 --> 01:49:28,339
a Governor appointed by the
1743
01:49:28,363 --> 01:49:30,935
International Monetary
Fund and that
1744
01:49:31,612 --> 01:49:34,286
The Governor shall not
be a citizen of Bosnia
1745
01:49:34,320 --> 01:49:36,640
and Herzegovina or any
neighbouring state
1746
01:49:37,276 --> 01:49:39,228
Therefore, the
government does not
1747
01:49:39,253 --> 01:49:41,314
have control of its
country’s economy.
1748
01:49:41,393 --> 01:49:43,768
But it wouldn’t be fair
to say that all the money
1749
01:49:43,793 --> 01:49:46,354
invested in Bosnia was
used to repay its loans.
1750
01:49:46,393 --> 01:49:47,143
Nope,
1751
01:49:47,206 --> 01:49:50,010
a lot of the money did go
to the Bosnian people.
1752
01:49:50,089 --> 01:49:53,213
Except that it went to a
very few Bosnian people.
1753
01:49:53,245 --> 01:49:54,739
Very… very few.
1754
01:49:55,630 --> 01:49:56,380
In fact,
1755
01:49:56,680 --> 01:49:58,680
according to anti-fraud
unit set up by
1756
01:49:58,725 --> 01:50:00,848
the Office of the
High Representative,
1757
01:50:00,895 --> 01:50:03,028
one billion dollars disappeared
1758
01:50:03,067 --> 01:50:05,293
from public funds
and international
1759
01:50:05,318 --> 01:50:07,384
aid projects from 1995 to 1999.
1760
01:50:07,770 --> 01:50:09,878
Where did all this
go, one might ask?
1761
01:50:09,920 --> 01:50:13,040
Well, for example, in the
town of Sanski Most,
1762
01:50:13,061 --> 01:50:15,217
money went to a
horse racing track,
1763
01:50:15,242 --> 01:50:18,107
rather than developing the
economy, infrastructure.
1764
01:50:18,147 --> 01:50:20,459
If you're going to steal
public and aid funds,
1765
01:50:20,484 --> 01:50:22,723
you may as well go all
out, and gamble it too,
1766
01:50:22,748 --> 01:50:23,731
right?
1767
01:50:23,756 --> 01:50:26,823
The same mayor of this
town also gave 450,000
1768
01:50:26,881 --> 01:50:29,548
provided by Saudi
Arabia to his brother,
1769
01:50:30,224 --> 01:50:32,374
so the guy can open a new bank.
1770
01:50:33,241 --> 01:50:36,241
He also faces 358
charges of corruption.
1771
01:50:38,092 --> 01:50:39,271
On the other hand,
1772
01:50:39,303 --> 01:50:41,775
Montenegro relied on
cigarette smuggling to
1773
01:50:41,800 --> 01:50:44,327
keep the country afloat
during the war years.
1774
01:50:44,360 --> 01:50:46,924
It’s leaders, Bulatovic
and Djukanovic, claimed
1775
01:50:46,968 --> 01:50:49,614
they never personally
benefited from the smuggling.
1776
01:50:49,639 --> 01:50:53,115
Which is really odd, considering
that Prime Minister Djukanovic
1777
01:50:53,131 --> 01:50:55,318
was the 20th richest
statesmen in the
1778
01:50:55,343 --> 01:50:57,513
world in 2010, more
than 3 times richer
1779
01:50:57,520 --> 01:51:00,560
richer than Nicholas Sarkozy
and Barack Obama combined.
1780
01:51:01,241 --> 01:51:04,318
Milo Djukanovic has
been more successful
1781
01:51:04,343 --> 01:51:06,482
than most in turning his entire
1782
01:51:06,507 --> 01:51:09,578
country into a personal
fiefdom operated
1783
01:51:09,600 --> 01:51:12,320
on the basis of cosa
nostra principles.
1784
01:51:12,498 --> 01:51:14,969
In fact, I think his
personal net worth is
1785
01:51:14,995 --> 01:51:17,522
much greater than the
one officially listed,
1786
01:51:18,561 --> 01:51:20,961
that in reality he
can claim to own
1787
01:51:20,986 --> 01:51:23,252
everything there
is in Montenegro.
1788
01:51:23,756 --> 01:51:26,803
Since these elites couldn’t
care less about anyone else
1789
01:51:26,828 --> 01:51:28,959
the people at the
bottom of the food
1790
01:51:48,240 --> 01:51:50,720
44 year old Samir
was born in Bosnia
1791
01:51:50,789 --> 01:51:54,256
and he is convinced that
under these layers of dirt
1792
01:51:55,195 --> 01:51:58,040
is the largest pyramid
in the world.
1793
01:51:58,541 --> 01:52:01,111
Many youths realized
what was going on and
1794
01:52:01,136 --> 01:52:02,743
started fighting
against what their
1795
01:52:02,768 --> 01:52:04,095
countries were
being turned into.
1796
01:52:04,160 --> 01:52:06,840
Our band’s name is
Beogradski Sindikat,
1797
01:52:07,017 --> 01:52:10,551
which would translate in
English like Belgrade Union.
1798
01:52:10,760 --> 01:52:14,385
Belgrade Union is a Serbian rap
band famous for it’s critical
1799
01:52:14,410 --> 01:52:17,236
views towards society’s elite
and criminal elements.
1800
01:52:28,840 --> 01:52:32,000
Bosko Cirkovic from Belgrade
Union explained why not
1801
01:52:32,026 --> 01:52:34,572
many people were taking
action against the injustice.
1802
01:52:34,853 --> 01:52:37,064
A lot of young..
1803
01:52:37,119 --> 01:52:39,653
Serbians and youth of the
1804
01:52:39,678 --> 01:52:42,845
world just think about
material stuff and,
1805
01:52:42,870 --> 01:52:46,504
you know, going into
politics, they do
1806
01:52:46,585 --> 01:52:49,747
it just to get more
material stuff.
1807
01:52:54,419 --> 01:52:58,552
If I was in the same room with
the guys running this country,
1808
01:52:59,919 --> 01:53:01,145
and the main guy is my
1809
01:53:01,160 --> 01:53:03,360
ex-high-school
psychology teacher.
1810
01:53:03,418 --> 01:53:05,855
I would conduct the real
revolution on them.
1811
01:53:17,866 --> 01:53:19,596
How that would turn out,
1812
01:53:19,621 --> 01:53:21,635
I don’t know, but
some of us would
1813
01:53:21,660 --> 01:53:23,713
probably not leave the room.
1814
01:54:25,720 --> 01:54:28,360
Dubioza Kolektiv is a
Sarajevo-based band
1815
01:54:28,374 --> 01:54:31,093
with a similar message to
the one Belgrade Union had.
1816
01:54:31,124 --> 01:54:35,366
As long as people think that
their impact on the democratic
1817
01:54:35,421 --> 01:54:40,171
processes ends up when they
put the ballot in the box,
1818
01:54:41,680 --> 01:54:43,880
then nothings gonna
change, because
1819
01:54:43,960 --> 01:54:46,493
that leaves four
years gap to whoever
1820
01:54:46,519 --> 01:54:48,851
is elected to do
whatever he wants.
1821
01:55:01,763 --> 01:55:04,629
The ruling elites don’t
listen to anybody.
1822
01:55:04,716 --> 01:55:06,325
That’s the thing ..
1823
01:55:07,035 --> 01:55:09,129
they learned the best.
1824
01:55:10,560 --> 01:55:13,684
because They even
ignore mass protests
1825
01:55:32,278 --> 01:55:34,608
Sadly, the elite in
power, even when the
1826
01:55:34,632 --> 01:55:37,302
majority was against them,
still didn’t listen.
1827
01:55:38,204 --> 01:55:42,890
One of my very close and very
trusted friends was at a dinner,
1828
01:55:44,640 --> 01:55:45,773
a private dinner
1829
01:55:46,000 --> 01:55:50,080
at which the American Ambassador
Cameron Munter was present.
1830
01:55:51,035 --> 01:55:54,059
That dinner was held
between the election,
1831
01:55:54,840 --> 01:55:56,418
in which the Radical party,
1832
01:55:56,442 --> 01:55:58,538
which is much more independence
1833
01:55:58,563 --> 01:56:01,266
oriented than the
democratic party,
1834
01:56:01,669 --> 01:56:03,668
had apparently won
the election,
1835
01:56:03,700 --> 01:56:05,900
had the most votes
of any party.
1836
01:56:07,489 --> 01:56:10,215
And we were all expecting that ,
well, the people have spoken,
1837
01:56:10,240 --> 01:56:11,692
there’s been an election
and the biggest party
1838
01:56:11,717 --> 01:56:13,207
is going to form
the government.
1839
01:56:13,247 --> 01:56:15,598
And my My friend
asked Cameron Munter
1840
01:56:15,700 --> 01:56:16,890
Well, Mr. Munter,
1841
01:56:18,555 --> 01:56:21,445
it seems that your mission
here has been a failure.
1842
01:56:22,672 --> 01:56:25,297
The mission to bring
Serbia under the
1843
01:56:25,782 --> 01:56:28,133
imperial tutelage.
1844
01:56:29,977 --> 01:56:30,727
He said..
1845
01:56:31,422 --> 01:56:33,078
I wouldn’t speak so soon...
1846
01:56:33,774 --> 01:56:36,640
In fact, I’d watch the
television tomorrow
1847
01:56:37,516 --> 01:56:40,780
and see what the
results of the meeting
1848
01:56:40,800 --> 01:56:43,760
between Mr. Tadic and Mr.
Dacic are.
1849
01:56:53,237 --> 01:56:56,253
And as the government itself
was formed by Washington,
1850
01:56:56,316 --> 01:56:59,315
the policies and laws were
also dictated from abroad.
1851
01:56:59,409 --> 01:57:01,681
The U.S. Chamber of
Commerce is writing
1852
01:57:01,720 --> 01:57:03,640
laws for the
Government of Serbia
1853
01:57:03,792 --> 01:57:06,589
and telling them these are the
laws we want you to pass.
1854
01:57:06,636 --> 01:57:08,917
Thus, the former
Yugoslav countries
1855
01:57:08,942 --> 01:57:11,057
started becoming
NATO member states.
1856
01:57:11,082 --> 01:57:13,096
Do you know what it
means to join NATO?
1857
01:57:13,159 --> 01:57:15,135
You have to get rid
of all your weapons
1858
01:57:15,160 --> 01:57:16,643
systems which are
domestically produced,
1859
01:57:16,667 --> 01:57:19,434
domestically designed,
domestically developed,
1860
01:57:19,459 --> 01:57:21,198
designed
for your terrain
1861
01:57:21,280 --> 01:57:23,701
to reequip yourself
with F16s, F18s,
1862
01:57:23,753 --> 01:57:26,310
F22s, at a cost of
hundreds and hundreds and
1863
01:57:26,335 --> 01:57:28,777
hundreds of thousands
of dollars per plane.
1864
01:57:31,245 --> 01:57:34,578
And your sons and daughters
have to go and fight.
1865
01:57:34,870 --> 01:57:36,471
And where do they
want us to fight?
1866
01:57:36,510 --> 01:57:38,564
They want us to put on
the night vision goggles
1867
01:57:38,600 --> 01:57:41,280
and go to Afghanistan
and kill them dang
1868
01:57:41,320 --> 01:57:43,920
rag-heads, who never
did anything to us.
1869
01:57:44,823 --> 01:57:47,729
Profits and military gains
were again being acquired
1870
01:57:47,761 --> 01:57:50,065
from these economic and
geopolitical colonies.
1871
01:57:50,105 --> 01:57:52,917
The people were completely
unaware of what was happening to
1872
01:57:52,964 --> 01:57:56,714
them and thought that they were
finally free and independent.
1873
01:57:56,925 --> 01:57:59,684
What happened in Yugoslavia
could be considered
1874
01:57:59,709 --> 01:58:01,949
like a classic example
of colonization.
1875
01:58:02,027 --> 01:58:05,760
It’s sort of a new flavour,
but it’s still colonization.
1876
01:58:06,659 --> 01:58:08,726
Rather than trying to colonize
1877
01:58:08,751 --> 01:58:10,737
the unsettled areas
of the world,
1878
01:58:10,753 --> 01:58:13,089
why not just create
a mess and fix it.
1879
01:58:13,269 --> 01:58:15,990
Then you basically own
a chunk of the world
1880
01:58:16,015 --> 01:58:18,714
which was already
developed and consuming.
1881
01:58:19,870 --> 01:58:23,470
They wanted a Yugoslavia
whose rich natural resources
1882
01:58:23,511 --> 01:58:26,557
would be at the disposal of
multinational corporations,
1883
01:58:26,588 --> 01:58:29,479
whose populations would
work at subsistence wages,
1884
01:58:29,527 --> 01:58:31,994
whose economy offered
no competition
1885
01:58:32,018 --> 01:58:34,351
with existing
capitalist producers,
1886
01:58:34,511 --> 01:58:36,651
only new investment
opportunities.
1887
01:58:36,675 --> 01:58:40,104
They wanted a Yugoslavia whose
petroleum, engineering,
1888
01:58:40,174 --> 01:58:43,635
mining and automotive
industries would be undone and
1889
01:58:43,680 --> 01:58:46,920
deindustrialized and
they wanted to abolish
1890
01:58:46,980 --> 01:58:50,713
Yugoslavia’s public sector
services and social programs.
1891
01:58:51,050 --> 01:58:52,706
And. they did it.
1892
01:58:53,136 --> 01:58:56,065
Furthermore, the harmony that
the people of Yugoslavia
1893
01:58:56,081 --> 01:58:59,057
had been building for the
greater good was crushed.
1894
01:58:59,082 --> 01:59:01,714
It is a stereotype that
the hatred between the
1895
01:59:01,746 --> 01:59:04,112
populations in Yugoslavia
was always there.
1896
01:59:04,144 --> 01:59:06,534
The South Slavs travelled
together to arrive
1897
01:59:06,566 --> 01:59:08,464
these lands from the
North and found their
1898
01:59:08,489 --> 01:59:10,128
piece of heaven around
the 6th century.
1899
01:59:10,159 --> 01:59:13,026
Hatred was later manufactured
for greater powers,
1900
01:59:13,051 --> 01:59:15,316
who saw it appropriate
to teach the Slavs
1901
01:59:15,341 --> 01:59:17,058
how to be civilized
and democratic.
1902
01:59:17,083 --> 01:59:19,831
Consider that for the better
part of the 20th century,
1903
01:59:19,863 --> 01:59:21,948
black people weren’t
even allowed to sit
1904
01:59:21,973 --> 01:59:23,260
at the front of the
bus in the U.S.
1905
01:59:23,285 --> 01:59:25,565
while the Dubrovnik
Republic actually
1906
01:59:25,590 --> 01:59:27,518
abolished slavery back in 1642,
1907
01:59:27,956 --> 01:59:29,815
when the U.S. was
still a British
1908
01:59:29,840 --> 01:59:31,745
colony and didn’t
exist as a country.
1909
01:59:31,995 --> 01:59:34,329
The Western hypocricy
was obvious.
1910
01:59:34,774 --> 01:59:36,956
Why would a Croat
really hate a Serb,
1911
01:59:36,995 --> 01:59:38,464
or a Serb hate a Muslim? hmm
1912
01:59:38,489 --> 01:59:40,870
Because of what someone
somewhere did in who knows when?
1913
01:59:40,902 --> 01:59:43,478
Because of what TV says?
Hasn’t history shown that
1914
01:59:43,502 --> 01:59:45,243
these people were in fact
able to live together?
1915
01:59:45,259 --> 01:59:47,725
Or is this all
irrelevant the moment
1916
01:59:47,750 --> 01:59:49,227
someone starts arguing
about who did what
1917
01:59:49,252 --> 01:59:50,625
to whom how many times worse.
1918
02:00:10,164 --> 02:00:13,243
There is no such thing
as biological hatred,
1919
02:00:13,274 --> 02:00:16,133
that a certain group is
predestined to hate another.
1920
02:00:16,165 --> 02:00:19,832
Anyone who says any different,
has an agenda, trust me.
1921
02:00:20,095 --> 02:00:21,430
I know what you’re going to say.
1922
02:00:21,455 --> 02:00:23,212
Boris, all you do is criticize,
1923
02:00:23,228 --> 02:00:25,080
without offering a solution.
1924
02:00:25,105 --> 02:00:26,705
Well, for the solution,
1925
02:00:27,096 --> 02:00:29,103
all you need to do is
look at the stories
1926
02:00:29,128 --> 02:00:30,970
of those who said
no to this madness,
1927
02:00:31,002 --> 02:00:34,384
who decided to act as human
beings during inhuman times.
1928
02:00:52,244 --> 02:00:55,711
Corrupt politicians, army
generals or war profiteers
1929
02:00:56,002 --> 02:00:58,431
were to blame for the
colonization of Yugoslavia
1930
02:00:58,478 --> 02:01:00,759
just as much as the
colonists from the West.
1931
02:01:00,784 --> 02:01:04,564
Nobody could’ve done this to
us if we were not as weak as
1932
02:01:04,589 --> 02:01:09,361
we are in defining ourselves
and defending our own history
1933
02:01:10,268 --> 02:01:14,845
If we, as a nation, stand up,
no one can keep us down.
1934
02:01:16,509 --> 02:01:20,126
There is no cruise missile,
there is no imperial power,
1935
02:01:20,158 --> 02:01:22,275
there is no spying network,
1936
02:01:22,307 --> 02:01:25,974
there is no media domination
that can crush our people.
1937
02:01:26,189 --> 02:01:28,595
Yugoslavs must become
aware that their
1938
02:01:28,620 --> 02:01:30,470
countries are Western colonies,
1939
02:01:30,627 --> 02:01:33,337
victims of rampant and
merciless globalization,
1940
02:01:33,393 --> 02:01:36,837
bound by economic, social and
political chains.
1941
02:01:37,313 --> 02:01:39,767
If they don’t, the weight of
chains
1942
02:01:39,939 --> 02:01:41,806
will slowly get unbearable.
1943
02:01:44,955 --> 02:01:47,759
The land of the South Slavs,
whatever you call it,
1944
02:01:47,783 --> 02:01:50,423
has great potential shared
by some of the most
1945
02:01:50,449 --> 02:01:52,619
diverse and enigmatic
people in the world.
1946
02:01:52,744 --> 02:01:55,245
The East thought
they were the West,
1947
02:01:55,270 --> 02:01:57,568
the West considered
them the East.
1948
02:01:57,658 --> 02:02:00,923
Some of them misunderstood their
place in the clash of currents,
1949
02:02:00,948 --> 02:02:04,494
so outside powers exploited
them for centuries.
1950
02:02:06,361 --> 02:02:07,111
Enough.
1951
02:02:07,674 --> 02:02:11,962
MUSIC
152144
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