Original subtitles

A group of scientists 21 published a study in the journal Nature.

Warming, resource destruction

and overpopulation lead us to a tipping point.

The biology of the Earth will experience a revolution

at least as radical

that during the last glaciation, 11,000 years ago.

Will we a mass extinction

similar to those which, in the distant past,

have eradicated most species in a geological nod?

We do not realize:

the upheavals affecting the world today

take place at a speed

and a magnitude never seen.

We cause the extinction of animal and plant species

to an unprecedented pace

since an asteroid wiped out the dinosaurs.

It goes very fast and it is we who are doing this.

The last time temperatures

have reached the level that we will know in a few decades,

it was there 14 million years,

long before the appearance of humans.

Our species has never lived so under temperatures

we might know in our lifetime.

The global population is growing at such a rate

it has tripled during my existence.

This is unheard!

These persons we add to the planet

need more food

at the same time we devastate biodiversity.

Can be accommodated if change is slow,

but when it's so sudden, so unexpected,

then the problems begin.

And it is in this world we live today.

What will most likely happen

due to limited resources,

particulary water,

which is one of the crucial problems

is that people will feel cornered and migrate.

In move, they will come into contact

with less poor and this will create

animosity between individuals from different parts of the world.

So the war, violence...

We do not have much time...

20 years maybe

to take the right direction.

This is THE critical time for humanity.

It's fascinating as our species

is gifted

to imagine its own extinction,

its own demise.

We make films where we are exterminated by zombies,

atomic bombs, disease, robots, aliens,

funny little Gremlins... all kinds of stuff.

We love it.

But where are the movies that show how to do things differently

and solve the problem?

There are not, we do not know them.

When scientists tell us:

"If you want to maintain the biosphere

"Within the limits allowed the appearance of civilizations,

"All that we associate with our history,

"We must first reduce our emissions by 8, 9, 10% per year."

We do not have stories that tell that.

We see this as a loss, degradation.

If you say: "How it will be in 20 years

"If we start to reduce our emissions? "

Many already think in ice caves,

to eat rotten potatoes.

It's the end of the world...

Exactly. But it could be fantastic!

Looks a butterfly...

It'll be the best.

Someone wants him?

With double ration of garlic.

Someone else?

We gave the daring mission

to create an autonomous city with food,

where most of the fruits and vegetables consumed in the city

has grown in Detroit by its inhabitants, for its inhabitants.

In 2050,

the world will be very different.

We will not have the oil and energy we have,

we will not have the same access to water

or arable land.

Above all, the population: 9 billion people,

70% live in cities.

Food should push around people.

All communities face challenges

and if some have not yet experienced it,

it is likely that it will happen to them.

So...

Why am I doing this? Because we must understand

how to make it work here,

rather than change of place because there is no other place to go.

There's a lot of romance around urban agriculture.

This is the new sexy thing, right?

It is nothing new,

but many see it

but many see it as a new way to revive cities

and that's exactly it. The potential is huge.

But this romanticism that surrounds it,

this is very far from the reality of the work that must be.

That's why I sometimes say that urban farms,

it looks great on a PowerPoint presentation.

You find yourself here, it's hot,

the sun hits you over, you get dirty.

It's not easy,

provide an intense work.

So, we must

give ourselves the means to have courage.

This is a sacred place for me.

I come here...

I work...

Life is full of frustrations,

problems that we must face.

Here it is quiet and peaceful,

I can make a connection with the earth,

get my hands dirty...

Urban agriculture has great potential...

to feed city dwellers,

but it will not replace rural agriculture.

The two must go hand in hand.

Urban, suburban and rural areas

must all produce food.

This is quite logical,

the majority of the world population

is concentrated in urban areas,

that food grows closer to where people live.

And it is better for the environment.

In the USA,

food travels an average of 2400 km

from where it grows and where it is consumed.

The ecological impact is phenomenal.

Let me help you...

Y wrote what?

Sage.

It's good, Irah.

Incredible Edible Food share

should pick...

Me, me, me, me!

There are nearly 7 years

I was at a conference on the state of the world resource

depletion everything we already know.

I thought: I wait that long,

but nobody does anything.

Not ordinary people.

They talk about economy, but not what we let our kids.

Then it came to me like that, in a flash:

Why not start in our city?

Here, in this café, in our homes, in our streets...

Why not?

So Mary and I

we created this movement.

We do not say: "Are we going to save the planet?"

We just started where we were.

And then what did you do?

We held a meeting here:

What future for your children? What food?

And 60 people came.

- We were stunned! - No one knew what to do.

We were not ready! We hoped to 5.

Incredible Edible has been created, the daughter of Mary found the name.

We invented the idea of propaganda-gardens

and roads in front of schools, buildings...

It was interesting, funny, alive,

of simple things to change our lives.

That's where we are: food in the heart of the streets,

before the doctor or at the station.

What good these gardens, so nobody sees them?

It takes where people speak:

a busy street, which was used as dog toilet

that nobody respected.

We created

a reason to talk through a plant.

It's crazy, right?

Strangers

are in front of a massive and discuss.

That's what we need for the future:

connect with each other.

I am convinced that the food

and the conversation is the answer.

Corn is slow this year.

Our special maize police.

He should be there, right?

You should expect...

Do not tempt me! One might even break a raspberry.

People take their foot to gather outside the police station.

Free, without permission.

What did you think

seeing these people appropriate the space

and plant these vegetables?

A mixture of confusion, fear...

Who are these people? Where do they come from?

What are they doing on our land, not theirs!

We were very bureaucrats:

where forms are, the project, insurance?

The usual inhibitions official structures.

It took this dialogue...

Pam, Mary, Estelle, another, Nick...

Talking to them, we saw that they were sincere,

they had a purpose.

Not just plant a street corner,

but changing the way people get involved where they live,

learn, create networks of entrepreneurs,

regain control,

because people have the power.

Local governments have less and less money,

it is a solution!

When Incredible Edibles began

no one knew where we were going:

We said: planting, we'll see.

After 3 or 4 years,

we got seriously set:

youth training, food production.

We produce half a ton per year

on 300 square meters of vegetable trays.

On one hectare, this is 14 tonnes,

is a lot of food.

She is better, his leg gets better.

Currently, the world is fed by small farmers,

with small farms

that produce most of world food.

Industrial farms provide a fraction.

In terms of production,

manufacturers are totally ineffective.

What they do well is money.

What they do wrong is food.

If you leave the land to the people, they produce more.

Rufus.

One!

Go ahead, ignore me.

It just takes more work

should be an industrial operator,

use fewer chemicals, and soil gives more.

Industrial agriculture is not the only way to feed the world.

This is a story we are told and we finally believe?

Its a story

that the chemical industry,

agricultural equipment boxes and banks

need to tell their survival.

This is not true.

It's a lie.

How many farmers can be destroyed before destroying agriculture?

Those who control the agriculture produce nothing.

Those who control food produce nothing.

Coca-Cola produces nothing, it is a situation rent.

Monsanto does not produce seed.

She lives of intellectual property rights.

Cargill produces no vegetable.

She buys and sells.

If we continue to destroy this base,

destroying the ecological base where food grows

and the social base that the product, how to feed us?

Our entire civilization is based on fossil fuels.

Fertilizers, pesticides: fossil fuels.

Construction materials: fossil fuels.

Pharmaceutical products: fossil fuels.

Synthetic fibers: fossil fuels.

Transportation, heat, light...

After two industrial revolutions, the 19th and 20th centuries,

where we unearthed fossil carbon layers

to make our civilization,

the atmosphere is saturated with CO2.

Methane and nitrous oxide trap heat from the sun to Earth.

Change happens in real time, I had underestimated the speed.

Disruption of the climate is terrifying because it changes the water cycle.

That's the heart of the problem.

On our blue planet, everything depends on water.

Each additional degree due to industry

increased by 7% evaporation in the air.

It goes back,

rainfall is more concentrated.

The whole water cycle is disrupted.

More violent events.

More blizzards in winter

spring floods,

droughts in summer,

tsunamis, typhoons and hurricanes Category 3, 4 and 5.

Our ecosystems can not follow such an upheaval:

they run out.

Scientists tell us, in all the studies:

We entered the sixth mass extinction.

This is the biggest news since our appearance on Earth.

It is enormous.

It happened that from 5 extinctions 450 million years,

when life was scanned.

And it's coming fast, the chemistry of the planet rocker:

mass extermination.

We want to be the first carbon neutral capital by 11 years.

Iceland and Reykjavik,

a fossil fuel free future is possible.

Our goal is to achieve

a system of 100% local and renewable energy.

Everything should be produced by the sun, wind and water.

We reduced emissions by more than 40%

from 1995.

This is a good rate, but there is still 60%

and it is the most difficult.

We invested nearly a billion euros

to build wind turbines

and to rid us Coal and oil.

In Denmark today,

about 20,000 people have shares in wind,

that bring them 6 to 7%.

This is better than the bank.

Financial investments in wind

can bring in more than the drop in the bank?

Much more.

These pipelines from the mountains

feed the plant, Hellisheidi,

which produces 300 megawatts

of electricity

and hot water supplied throughout the city.

Reykjavik has therefore

benefits from fully renewable geothermal sources.

We climb the mountain

to see the first igloos.

The noise of the steam rising from the ground

and passing through the dome.

It's a little magic...

in this fog today.

The weather is not always so, sometimes shine.

I say to tourists.

France, Switzerland, Germany,

the United States, Japan, Italy,

the resources exist

to replace fossil fuels for heating

and hot water

by geothermal energy.

In developing countries, the potential is immense:

nothing in the Rift in Africa,

could produce 15 gigawatts geothermal power

in Kenya and Ethiopia, for example.

The equivalent of 20 nuclear power plants.

A solar watt cost 66 dollars to produce in 1970,

today it is 66 cents

and the cost tends to zero.

Once paid the solar panel,

the sun is free,

it does not send a bill.

The wind does not send a bill,

simply maintain the wind turbine,

is almost zero marginal cost.

Same goes for geothermal.

It is a revolution of unprecedented proportions.

The fossil and nuclear are offside,

when anyone can produce its own energy,

at almost no marginal cost.

In Germany, the wholesale electricity is generated

by small players

and democratically run cooperatives.

They obtain low-interest loans.

And four great companies?

They produce less than 7% of the new electricity.

They do not follow.

Because these are giants,

which deal with central government,

their economy of scale is vertical.

But the new energy is everywhere.

The sun, wind, geothermal energy are everywhere.

And these small players are taking small amounts,

they store it and share.

When millions of small producers aspire solar,

wind, geothermal, biomass,

all of it put together, in a side economics,

it outperforms these nuclear power plants.

We renovated and insulated our buildings, our homes.

They are heated by central energy of the city.

This is an important investment.

But as Copenhageners,

my heating costs less.

Today my heating is cheaper...

How much?

I have a 100m2 in central Copenhagen.

I pay 60 to 65 euros per month for heating.

It's an investment.

But the money returns, it benefits everyone.

We now know,

thanks to research, and it checks for 50 years,

that the more we built roads, the more cars.

It was also discovered that by creating bicycle paths,

, facilities for bikes, so we invite people to do,

after 10 years, there are many more cyclists.

We also realized that improving public spaces,

encouraging people to walk,

they take to the streets, and there are more of public life.

We also realized

that urbanism has created unhealthy conditions.

Spending time with ass in a chair,

in a car...

sitting at his computer...

is a major health problem.

Moreover, nothing is cheaper than developing

infrastructure for walking and cycling.

It is important for social integration

and for the sense of security

that people meet instead of staying home

to be afraid of each other.

We have the most vibrant cities, more durable,

safer and healthier cities.

So what are we waiting for?

You do not build cities for the happiness of cars,

nor the town planners or architects.

Everything we build

nfluences the behavior of people, their choices,

their lifestyles.

We must build cities

where life is pleasant, where a good time.

When we wonder: "How can you afford

to be carbon neutral?"

I answer: "How not to be? Look around us.

"There is no alternative."

But I see that cities can begin this work,

become carbon neutral.

For me, cities are world leaders.

Where nations fail, they take over.

Achieve zero waste, what does that mean?

Zero waste means

that everything is reduced, used, recycled or composted,

nothing goes in landfills or is incinerated.

Where are you in this process

to achieve zero waste?

San Francisco recycles 80% of its waste.

This includes what is generated by the housing,

for commercial enterprises,

and planning projects.

We provide the means.

There are three bins:

green for compost and food, blue for recycling,

and black for the little that remains.

The law now requires residents and businesses

recycle and compost...

It is an obligation?

If they do not...

Yes, you can be fined

if you do not recycle correctly.

Every person and every company pay

for composting and waste collection,

is the bill every month,

and they get a discount

depending on the volume of material they have diverted from landfills.

This can save thousands of dollars a year.

The state has saved more than $ 3 million.

The garbage trucks pass among people,

collect organic waste

and come here

and unload in this big dump near the fence.

A shovel just mix them,

and load them into the large rotary sorter.

Watch the beautiful material comes through.

You have to see it with the eyes of a garbage man.

Here, a garbage collector does not see garbage,

he sees paper, glass,

he sees resources,

food waste composting.

This is a very good material. It is subtle.

It is dense.

Just right for compost:

twigs and leaves.

To me this is like the floor of a forest.

All this comes from the earth,

we want to make it to land.

Comes the next step of the process:

make a thinner material,

ideal for plants. It must be thin enough

to end the nutrients pass through the roots.

After screened,

we bring here

to pour it on these big mounds.

It's hot... very, very hot.

It is because of germs.

There are billions of billions.

In a pile like that...

there are more microbes,

in this single job,

that of humans on the planet.

Farmers buy us compost

and income from the sale helps to fund the operation.

It's not worth very expensive but it gives us an income.

We sell about $ 9 per cubic meter.

All major urban areas

should be composting food waste, garden waste...

Why fill landfills with that while farmers in need?

I am a farmer, I want to compost.

We do not produce enough, there is a huge demand.

It's good for the soil, it is good for plants.

It avoids to throw in landfills, it makes nutrients to farms

it saves water,

it fertilizes the soil

while absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere.

Women have always provided food in the cities.

We must reverse the roles.

Making food to farms as compost.

Why must we learn to be more independent?

I remember, at 18, I had just finished school,

I went for my results.

They were not terrible...

I was with my friends, a beautiful day like this,

and I looked at them and said:

We are hopeless, Real bums...

On a desert island, we will not we eat each other.

None of us could do anything.

And I really think that when it happens,

when people without skills meet,

it's different for a meeting between people who know everything.

This remains a meeting, but the relationship is different.

When two communities

two economies interact,

if they are completely dependent on imports

and not make anything,

the quality of their relationship is very different

from most resilient places where we produce food locally,

it produces energy, it manages water.

Totnes is fortunate to have many active projects.

I participate in two of them: make sure

to focus on two wheels, repairing bicycles.

And I'm part of the team of the local currency.

local currencies of the projects are interesting.

They ask this question:

Who has the right to print money?

Who?

Totnes has a ticket for 21 pounds...

We can do it, so why not?

The idea is this: we want a more resilient

local economy, where money circulates locally.

A pound spent in a local business

flows and this generates more

2.5 pounds of activity in the local economy.

While at the supermarket, it only generates 1.4 pounds.

Money escapes...

In a more resilient economy,

we want more money circulates.

So this post, in Totnes, is 21 pounds.

In nearby there is absolutely worthless.

This is a very useful tool to build resilience.

We do not get rid of the pound sterling, it is used in parallel.

The most beautiful is that they celebrate

the place, culture, history.

Here are 10 books in Brixton, with David Bowie on it,

which is so much more cool than to have the queen.

It's legal to print a ticket of 21 pounds of Totnes?

When we started, we formed a panel

of eminent alternative economists and asked them,

do we have the right to do that?

For this, the first book of Totnes...

we have the right to print it and imagine that it is a book?

They replied: "No idea! Try it and see what happens! "

Talk about experts!

It's not that, a panel of experts.

So it was launched and others followed.

Lewis, Bristol and Brixton and all the others.

But in fact, nobody knew...

All the money, almost, is created by private banks

whose main motivation

is to make money to pay their shareholders.

They do it for that purpose

not to be useful, or to meet the real needs

of society.

Money is omnipresent

in our lives, every moment,

everywhere...

but we do not know how it is created and what it implies.

We must begin to question it

and the impact it has.

So how is money created?

Guess I am 6...

By banks as loans.

I am a bank and you come

you just borrow me 10 O00 pounds to buy a car.

I consider whether you can repay me.

I think so,

I hit 10000 on your account, and the money is there.

I created money...

money again.

From scratch?

Like this?

- With the tap of a keyboard? - That's all.

You think I'm crazy!

A little yes!

But I would especially like to do it!

Add me money...

Of course, there are controls,

banks can not add 10,000 pounds

and go spend it.

This is related to the loan.

All the money that is created

is created as well as a debt

with interest

we have to pay. And when you repaid the money,

it disappears, it leaves the system.

For the economy to work, they must pay ever.

Otherwise, the money disappears and is the recession.

It's endless, everyone is already so indebted,

and you say that we must borrow again and again,

to keep

the economy running?

It works like that, yes.

Without borrowing any money.

It's crazy!

- Anyone can create money? - Absolutely.

But to really change the system, it must be done at a certain scale.

We need a diversity of people in the system that you create

that can exchange essential goods and services:

food, electricity, transportation...

All must have confidence in the system itself.

The money is actually based on the confidence of all.

The problem with the international financial system

is that some large companies

have little local interests.

They do not have the same need

o maintain a healthy community,

a well-functioning society,

the people who live and work in the real economy.

I hit two books for a coffee,

in "Bristol Pounds" and send...

- That's all? - That's all!

How not to agree? It supports local businesses.

That limit tax evasion.

Who does not agree?

This creates a pool of local currency for the community

and promotes business development.

It reduces transport circuits

in CO2 emissions. The exchanges are more local,

whether for food, materials, etc.

It is less travel products.

The economy is more local, resilience, ecological.

Who does not agree?

Everyone is.

All parties.

The easiest was to obtain a political consensus.

BALL simply said...

we can not let others determine our future,

is ours to do.

Companies that grow and go global

are very strong to create dollars...

but very few people see color.

To create more jobs,

more wealth for more people,

we must increase the density and diversity of local businesses.

The worst way to support the economy

and create jobs,

it's what we do in the US, in the name of economic development.

That is to say, spend

huge sums of money

to attract or retain multinationals.

It is a failure, a proven failure of economic development.

This is not where the jobs are, it's not where the future.

We know, for example, through several studies,

that for every dollar

spent at local and independent businesses,

comparing jobs created,

compared to a multinational,

, it is 2-4 times more.

Every dollar I spend locally

2 to 4 times more impact on employment,

2 to 4 times more impact on wealth and income,

2 to 4 times more impact on the taxes charged by the municipality,

2 to 4 times more impact on donations to associations.

That's a huge difference.

Multinationals control governments.

As citizens, we can change that

by refusing to buy these large companies,

by launching our own local businesses.

Here's how to make economic power in our communities,

and thus strengthen democracy.

If multinationals continue to act this way,

the money will flood policy.

The richest control the legislature,

and we will have more democracy.

If what we have is people power,

we need to use it.

Everybody knows that the dice are loaded

Everyone rolls fingers crossed

Everyone knows that the war is over

Everyone knows that the good guys lost

Everybody knows the fight was rigged

The poor remain poor and the rich get richer

It goes like this

Everybody knows it

Everybody knows that the boat is sinking

Everybody knows that the captain lied

Everybody has this uneasy feeling

As if his or her dog had just died

Everyone talks only

Everybody wants a box of chocolates

And a long-stemmed rose

Everybody knows it

Do we disobey?

Is this a key to the future?

We must obey the higher laws

which are of two kinds.

One comes from the Earth, the laws of Gaia,

the laws of diversity,

that tell us to protect the Earth

, its resources and its benefits.

And everything that opposes our duty towards the Earth,

we must not take part,

in deference to these higher laws.

The second category,

it is the laws that flow from human rights, democracy.

Any law that interferes with your humanity,

which deprives us of freedom, independence,

we must not take part.

In our view, iceland was perfect,

our beautiful democracy

protected us against corruption and everything else.

We were very unconscious

of what happened, and is still happening

in the world with this global capitalism

that is destroying us slowly.

We were happy before our plasma screens,

with our holiday abroad, all rich and well fed.

Until the day when we realized that this whole "reality" was false.

Is it wants to fire corrupt?

Transfer the government?

Do we want the elections?

Thanks to be here.

Come back next Saturday at the same hour,

as we will continue to do so

until the government resigns.

Outside, the directors of the central bank.

They will not miss us.

We wanted to write a new constitution

for the people of Iceland, by the people of Iceland.

Everyone had access to the Constitutional Council,

during the debates.

You could contact him by mail, Facebook,

make a phone call, or come to the meetings.

It was very open.

There was very good proposals,

certain that we used in our draft constitution.

We recurring themes, such as:

how to make our elected officials accountable for their actions,

introducing transparency to see what they do,

and allocate powers to prevent corruption?

People are not destructive, except a tiny minority.

Most are good and kind.

But money and power make blind.

It is a sad rule.

Power tends to be maintained.

We wanted to break it.

Today, with local governments,

decentralized democracy is stronger.

We vote, we rule.

We vote, we participate in the citizens' assemblies.

During these meetings, we elect the President of the Municipal Council

and all other members. Everyone attends the meetings.

Each voter has the right to come to meetings

to see what the board does, what is its program.

One can even control.

Villagers can say:

"Do not do that, but first that."

The priorities of the people are heard.

When I presented my plan at the meeting,

every line, every orientation were discussed together.

It became the project of the inhabitants.

They watch you, they correct you,

then they participate.

Meetings are the parliament of the people.

If the next takes place within 3 months,

and we did move things forward,

on the next meeting, people will say:

"Yes, we talked about it at the last meeting,

and it's already 30%. Fantastic!"

Then there is more support

and confidence in the system grows.

Here is another part of the village,

Kuthambakkam Nord.

Before I was elected in 1996,

it was a slum with open sewers

and a terrible problem of space.

Now, 10 years later, it changed a lot.

Usually, when we create a township,

you have a section reserved for upper castes,

and one for the lower castes.

I thought: why not create a township

where all the poor live together?

I brought this matter to the citizens' assembly,

and most poor accepted.

We started an experiment by building semi-detached houses:

on one side, an untouchable poor family,

the other, a poor family of another caste.

It is historic and it happened here first.

And if you look:

it is an untouchable family and them not.

They are really mixed.

It is a beautiful ideal, live together.

We are Brahmins.

But we live with our neighbors untouchable as a family.

I never thought it possible.

We are very happy here. There is no difference.

Everyone came to the wedding of our daughter.

Our whole family was very happy to share this moment.

Ailleurs, on ne vit pas ainsi, toutes les castes ensemble.

Seeing this, the government

has funded more than 300 similar

districts in the state.

- There are how many toilets? - 900.

It takes even how much?

The village has 18,000 to 20,000 residents.

We need more toilets.

When citizens have power, they are building a true democracy.

It's a beautiful school. Everything looks new.

From when she dates?

This building is 4 years old,

it was built in 2010.

It's normal to have such beautiful buildings?

When building a new school, we always want to do the best.

We are located in a relatively poor area,

and it is good that the company has held

in well show the importance of education.

It's like a gift to the people here.

In Finland, there is little wealth,

we have forests, wood.

We have no mines, no gold, no oil...

Our strength

is an excellent education.

How would you describe your education system?

Very little bureaucracy.

The key word is trust.

The department relies on local authorities,

who trust the headmaster,

who trusted the teachers. There was no inspection.

No national ranking,

as in so many countries where schools are compared with each...

There was no evaluation.

Not Sorted? No: "This school is better"?

We devote our time to teach, not to evaluate.

The bottom line is to train teachers.

In Finland, they do everything a master of 5 years at the university.

They form in schools,

they train with real classes.

They discover many pedagogies.

We at Montessori, Steiner, everywhere.

And they study thoroughly the child psychology.

We want to give them many models,

many ideas,

a real perception of the ability of children to learn,

difficulties it may encounter.

And, of course, individual cases

are followed by an additional teacher.

I love my job.

What, in particular?

Having a good relationship with the students,

become close, so they gain confidence.

It feels good.

I love being with them.

Yes I like that.

It's important to feel good in class.

If the atmosphere is very strict, it worries

them and they can no longer concentrate.

What is the difference

between education in the past and what you do now?

Before, they were 40 per class

and they sat in silence as pegs,

not to get noticed...

And the professor made his course to the class.

Today,

we can circulate,

students have the right to speak for math, for example,

they have the right to exchange

not too much, of course, easy.

It increases their confidence in themselves.

That being so enriched them with others,

and learn from each other.

They also learn that the teacher is not an authority,

not some god but...

but we're all the same, equal... this stuff.

This is freer, more open, more...

social. Living together,

is important in life.

Not just the materials. They have, of course.

CP, when learning to read,

some begin with the letters and combine them,

others by the words

and they dismounted, somehow.

You teach reading in several ways?

I use several methods

to provide opportunities to each student.

They always end up learning.

Some quickly, others less, but they will eventually learn,

whatever the method.

There is not a good method, there are many.

In my time, there was only one,

it is no longer so today...

I have learned! So everything should work.

All students are different and we try to take reflect the fact

that not all learn the same way.

The teachers eat with the children.

It's part of the job.

It is an educational moment.

They are together, it's fun, they teach them good manners.

it is a moment of relaxation

for children and for teachers.

In France, being so close,

we fear losing all authority...

The authority comes from many things.

It comes from the skill in his craft,

and respect.

Not need a title for it.

This proximity does not create discipline problems?

The reason is not there.

We have problems,

comme toutes les écoles du monde.

But being closer,

it's easier.

They do not want us stories

we're friends, they see they want to help.

Its not always easy,

but the punishments, it does not help.

Reason, reassure them,

listen to them, let them make decisions,

is how to encourage them to cooperate.

Was it already and when you were little?

No, the system was changed in the early 70s.

This is a very slow process.

When we want to change school,

it takes 10, 20 years.

How did you get here?

In Finland, it is not a political issue.

After the elections, when governments change,

no messes education.

Every 6 years, we change programs

and is always by mutual agreement.

What is the goal of the school for you?

Prepare for life as a result.

We give them the basics, general education,

so that they can feel

they are rather manuals or rather intellectuals.

As humans, what will they need,

what are you trying to teach them?

Tolerance,

not racial ideas,

understand the difference, understand that everyone is important,

some need help, to love each other...

I hope they take it with them when they leave school.

Subtitles: Cyril Dion and Paul Benita

Subtitles: Monal Group