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May 9, 1940.
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A little French town,
with little French children.
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A town in the Ardennes, not far from Germany
which is at war with France.
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00:00:19,070 --> 00:00:21,137
But things are being quiet,
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00:00:21,501 --> 00:00:23,415
until now.
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So the children continue to line
their clogs up neatly,
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and their school teacher says:
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00:00:29,086 --> 00:00:32,401
Today we'll learn a nice song,
to bring peace back to us. i>
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00:00:33,278 --> 00:00:36,831
Round, round, round,
go the puppets. i>
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00:00:38,474 --> 00:00:41,152
This will be their last class.
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Timing & Viet by jdinic3@podnapisi
English by godlob@IDWS
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Apocalypse
The Second World War
13
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May 10, 1940. At 5:35 AM,
The Germans unleash their offensive.
14
00:01:10,889 --> 00:01:13,875
2/6
Crushing Defeat
15
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German paratroopers
are dropped into Holland.
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They are the vanguard,
the first of 3 million invaders.
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00:01:57,703 --> 00:01:59,710
Wehrmacht marches
into Belgium.
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00:02:00,409 --> 00:02:02,302
This is Hitler's decoy.
19
00:02:02,388 --> 00:02:06,684
The Germans pretend they're going to attack France
through neutral Belgium
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as they did in 1914.
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00:02:10,184 --> 00:02:14,169
The French General Gamelin, commander-in-chief
of The Allied Forces, is confident.
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00:02:14,863 --> 00:02:19,628
He has everything covered.
He finds two "de strategy" during the "phoney war"
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00:02:26,774 --> 00:02:32,432
Gamelin moves his best motorized division,
the elite of the French Army, into Belgium
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00:02:32,833 --> 00:02:36,062
along with the entire
British Expeditionary Force.
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These are fighting soldiers with true grid,
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They will stop the German advance
through Belgium.
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00:02:49,727 --> 00:02:54,526
But Hitler, in his own quarters,
is gloating. His decoy worked.
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He exclaims,
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I could weep for joy. i>
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He instructs Field Marshall Goering,
who commands the air force,
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not to bomb the French columns to let them proceed
deep into Belgium territory
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00:03:15,285 --> 00:03:17,491
and he attacks them
from the rear.
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00:03:18,604 --> 00:03:22,264
His real offensive will be
through the Ardennes.
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00:03:25,262 --> 00:03:26,988
According to a French high command:
35
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No tank can get through those
dainty forests and hills. i>
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00:03:35,550 --> 00:03:39,580
But nothing stops them, except
their own traffic jam.
37
00:03:51,397 --> 00:03:53,746
Meanwhile, in the Netherlands
and Belgium,
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People who own cars were among
the first to flee.
39
00:04:02,268 --> 00:04:04,273
Everyone is suspected
40
00:04:04,499 --> 00:04:09,569
a so-called 'fifth column' is feared,
spies working for the Nazis.
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00:04:11,405 --> 00:04:14,071
The German continue their
diversionary tactics,
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invading Belgium with specially trained
airborne forces.
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00:04:19,498 --> 00:04:23,130
The sappers belt out their song
from their campaign in Poland.
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The girls will have to wait, comrades.
It's time to go, comrades. I>
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00:04:33,792 --> 00:04:37,497
On May 11, on daybreak, they're dropped in
to Belgium
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00:04:38,040 --> 00:04:41,581
Their goal is to capture the linchpin
of the Belgian defense system.
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Fort Eben-Emael, on the Albert Canal
which is reputed to be 'impregnable'.
48
00:04:58,395 --> 00:05:03,665
An intrepid German soldier heaves himself onto
the top of a turret, with a load of explosives.
49
00:05:10,153 --> 00:05:14,994
The conquerors strive through the ruins of Fort Eben-Emael,
the key to Belgium.
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00:05:15,562 --> 00:05:20,370
Images such as these, will force the Wehrmacht's reputation
of invincibility.
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00:05:23,092 --> 00:05:27,387
After the fort falls, people scramble to catch
the last train to Paris.
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00:05:43,328 --> 00:05:46,294
In the French capital,
The Red Cross is swapped.
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00:05:46,505 --> 00:05:50,974
Belgian refugees are transferred to
cattle cars heading south.
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00:06:00,252 --> 00:06:04,192
As the German enters Liege,
panics grow and spread.
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00:06:10,343 --> 00:06:13,674
Faced with such a force,
they are only 2 options:
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obey, or flee.
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00:06:41,719 --> 00:06:44,525
Many of the refugees are the people
from the country side.
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00:06:45,464 --> 00:06:49,791
As in many times in history,
farmers have always been the last to flee.
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00:06:49,951 --> 00:06:53,993
loath to abandon their crops
and their animals.
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00:06:55,238 --> 00:06:58,210
The great Belgian poet, Emile Verhaeren wrote:
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The people around here have nothing at all. i>
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00:07:01,800 --> 00:07:07,156
Nothing before them,
but the endlessness of the open road. i>
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00:07:07,340 --> 00:07:11,482
The people who work the field,
the people around here, i>
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00:07:11,552 --> 00:07:15,986
have only endless misfortune. i>
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The German unleash their
aerial offence,
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00:07:35,737 --> 00:07:40,015
destroying strategic crossroads,
air fields,
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00:07:40,947 --> 00:07:44,577
refineries, and fuel supplies.
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00:07:52,235 --> 00:07:55,755
Cities in northern and eastern France
are bombed.
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00:08:01,267 --> 00:08:05,309
The French are now facing reality
of modern warfare.
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00:08:12,672 --> 00:08:16,166
In the Netherlands,
the Port of Rotterdam is ablaze.
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00:08:16,516 --> 00:08:18,915
The result of the German terror bombing raid
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like the one in Warsaw.
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00:08:21,787 --> 00:08:25,352
But these bomb are dropped, after
the city has surrendered.
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00:08:25,744 --> 00:08:28,225
Another of Hitler's war crime.
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00:08:31,437 --> 00:08:34,380
In London, the new prime minister is
Winston Churchill.
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His first speech reveals his determination
to keep fighting
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whatever the circumstances.
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00:08:40,914 --> 00:08:44,522
I will say, without a doubt i>
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that the faith of Holland,
and Belgium i>
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00:08:48,227 --> 00:08:52,544
like that of Poland, Czechoslovakia,
and Austria, i>
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00:08:53,579 --> 00:08:59,460
will be decided, by the victory of the British Empire
and French Republic. I>
82
00:09:01,776 --> 00:09:05,084
But things have suddenly turned
very grim in France.
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00:09:05,383 --> 00:09:09,297
In just 3 days, the German have
swept through the Ardennes
84
00:09:09,335 --> 00:09:14,583
and advancing towards French's defensive line
on the Meuse River.
85
00:09:18,071 --> 00:09:20,676
They are closing the net with
their 'pinsel' movement,
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00:09:20,787 --> 00:09:24,411
seeking to entrapped the Allied troops
amass in Belgium.
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00:09:24,711 --> 00:09:29,360
The German infantry-men knock over the French,
as if they came from a different world
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With their hand- grenades,
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00:09:40,385 --> 00:09:43,467
machine guns, and with their
sleeves rolled up
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00:09:43,582 --> 00:09:46,864
They take the town
in one day.
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00:09:47,647 --> 00:09:49,679
Sedan, the key to the Ardennes,
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00:09:49,794 --> 00:09:53,527
which was already terribly marked
by the French defeat in 1870.
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00:09:55,081 --> 00:09:58,254
But the real obstacle for the German
is the Meuse River.
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On the night of May 13, they bring in
beams to build bridges.
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The French fight back.
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But the German neutralized the French artillery, and
the next morning their sappers finished the bridge.
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00:10:16,812 --> 00:10:21,273
Galvanized by the General Guderian,
a 52 years old Prussian.
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00:10:21,384 --> 00:10:23,937
A great armored warfare strategist
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Using tanks to strike with force,
daring and speed.
100
00:10:29,030 --> 00:10:34,431
Blitzkrieg, or Lightning war, should not give
the enemy time to react.
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00:10:36,216 --> 00:10:41,201
First, the tanks, followed by the infantry,
and backed by aircraft.
102
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especially the Stukas.
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The Stukas, dive bombers,
equipped with sirens.
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resisting the intense pressure
of the descent
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their highly trained pilots release
their bombs at the last minute
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with lethal precisions.
107
00:11:08,832 --> 00:11:13,111
The French prime minister, Paul Reynaud,
telephoned Churchill in alarm:
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We have been defeated,
we have lost the battle. I>
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00:11:18,828 --> 00:11:23,365
The French generals are at a loss.
they are unable to react to the situation.
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00:11:24,636 --> 00:11:30,560
With the Allied forces tied up in Belgium,
how can they stop the Germans from advancing?
111
00:11:37,159 --> 00:11:42,114
In Paris, the French authority is trying
to deal with the increasing numbers of refugees.
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00:11:42,764 --> 00:11:46,420
People from Belgium and Northern France
are pouring in the city.
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00:11:47,841 --> 00:11:52,991
Schools, hospital, and barracks
are soon overflowing.
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00:11:54,932 --> 00:11:57,547
Information is passed,
rumors are bound
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Has Gamelin committed suicide?
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No.
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The French high command has just realized that
the Germans are heading for the coast
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00:12:05,425 --> 00:12:08,461
and the allies has fallen
into the trap.
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00:12:08,582 --> 00:12:10,175
A counter attack is ordered,
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00:12:10,310 --> 00:12:15,350
allowing a certain Colonel de Gaulle, to distinguish
himself at the head of the tank brigade.
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00:12:15,441 --> 00:12:20,568
The French Army possesses more tanks, and they are of
better quality than the German panzers.
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00:12:29,161 --> 00:12:35,141
But without any reinforcement, or aerial supports,
the French tanks become prey to the Stukas
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00:13:00,042 --> 00:13:05,801
The French combatants put up a good fight,
but they wondered why the air force isn't protecting them.
124
00:13:08,974 --> 00:13:13,461
Poorly prepared, and with fewer planes, the French pilots
are heavily outnumbered by the Luftwaffe,
125
00:13:15,144 --> 00:13:16,877
but they fight courageously.
126
00:13:19,161 --> 00:13:22,664
Dozens of German pilots are shot down
and taken prisoners.
127
00:13:26,265 --> 00:13:30,492
Some of these pilots will be returned to Germany
when the armistice is signed
128
00:13:30,716 --> 00:13:34,093
and then join the battle against Britain.
129
00:13:40,275 --> 00:13:44,477
The German tanks move swiftly through the towns
and the villages of northern France.
130
00:13:55,390 --> 00:13:59,288
Valiantly, the French try to slow
the German advance,
131
00:14:03,557 --> 00:14:06,712
but the Germans crush any
pockets of resistance.
132
00:14:17,976 --> 00:14:20,909
The Germans have reached the English Channel.
133
00:14:21,422 --> 00:14:25,521
Hitler's strategy of the circle-cut
has worked.
134
00:14:26,730 --> 00:14:32,666
The British Expeditionary Force, the Belgian army,
and the French armed forces are encircled.
135
00:14:37,930 --> 00:14:41,904
The Belgian King surrenders,
along with his army.
136
00:14:42,920 --> 00:14:46,376
The British Expeditionary Forces
withdraw towards the coast,
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00:14:46,500 --> 00:14:50,347
leading to the final collapse
of the Allied army.
138
00:14:51,058 --> 00:14:55,119
In Paris, French Prime Minister Paul Reynaud
dismisses Gamelin
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00:14:55,218 --> 00:15:00,386
and finds a new savior,
General Weygand, 72 years old
140
00:15:00,485 --> 00:15:04,193
One of the artisans of the Allied
victory in 1918.
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00:15:04,811 --> 00:15:08,522
To boast the moral, Reynaud names another
World War I hero as Vice Premier.
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00:15:08,614 --> 00:15:12,539
84 years old Mar�chal Petain.
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00:15:12,624 --> 00:15:16,608
who will soon turn his back
on Reynaud's policies.
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00:15:18,358 --> 00:15:23,503
Weygand has no choice. He too is forced to order
a full retreat towards Dunkirk.
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00:15:24,195 --> 00:15:25,839
Hitler lets them go.
146
00:15:26,108 --> 00:15:30,954
A gesture of clemency towards Great Britain?
Is he still hoping for a separated peace?
147
00:15:31,099 --> 00:15:36,563
Or has Goering assured him that his air force
is capable of preventing any evacuations?
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00:15:37,335 --> 00:15:42,155
400,000 men cramped the beach,
helpless and in disarray.
149
00:15:42,405 --> 00:15:46,478
They have one last chance of escape,
over the sea.
150
00:15:47,092 --> 00:15:51,217
Churchill orders any vessel that can float
to go and get them.
151
00:15:53,299 --> 00:15:55,155
On the outskirt of Dunkirk,
152
00:15:55,271 --> 00:15:59,177
the French hold back the Germans,
suffering heavy losses.
153
00:16:01,607 --> 00:16:05,737
Goering sent out the Luftwaffe's
Stukas and bombers.
154
00:16:17,640 --> 00:16:23,118
218,000 British and 120,000 French troops
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00:16:23,286 --> 00:16:25,751
are successfully evacuated.
156
00:16:31,692 --> 00:16:35,576
The British Army is saved,
but is in tatters.
157
00:16:47,910 --> 00:16:52,612
The French will be sent back to France in a final attempt
to defend their country.
158
00:17:02,003 --> 00:17:04,937
The British are sent off
to re-equipment centers.
159
00:17:06,665 --> 00:17:10,659
All of Great Britain hails Dunkirk
as an extraordinary feat.
160
00:17:11,268 --> 00:17:13,759
Churchill, however, puts it into perspective.
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00:17:14,507 --> 00:17:15,999
With lucidity, he says:
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00:17:16,416 --> 00:17:19,945
Wars are not won by evacuation. i>
163
00:17:20,152 --> 00:17:23,793
Even so, in those fist days of June 1940,
164
00:17:23,914 --> 00:17:27,212
The "Dunkirk spirit" is born.
165
00:17:27,278 --> 00:17:31,034
The ruthlessness of this war, and the destructive power
of the Nazi enemy,
166
00:17:31,128 --> 00:17:33,386
are now apparent to the British.
167
00:17:33,469 --> 00:17:37,919
light-heartedness and humor give way to frantic efforts,
to mobilize the nation..
168
00:17:38,841 --> 00:17:42,979
On June 4, Churchill, who is also battling
the defeatists on his own side,
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00:17:43,243 --> 00:17:46,005
speaks out, his tone is unforgettable:
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00:17:47,324 --> 00:17:50,300
We should fight on the beaches,
on the landing ground. i>
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00:17:50,692 --> 00:17:53,914
in a field, in a street.
And on the hills. i>
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00:17:55,172 --> 00:17:57,445
We shall never surrendered. i>
173
00:18:05,898 --> 00:18:09,334
On June 4, the Germans take Dunkirk.
174
00:18:16,294 --> 00:18:18,568
A fabulous bounty awaits them,
175
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lavishly filmed by the Wehrmacht
Propaganda Units.
176
00:18:22,581 --> 00:18:26,755
The British have left behind almost
all of their equipment.
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00:18:49,343 --> 00:18:53,451
The soldiers of the Wehrmacht film themselves
in high spirits.
178
00:18:57,733 --> 00:19:02,321
They find a French gramophone with the famous record
by Maurice Chevalier.
179
00:19:37,695 --> 00:19:39,236
The offensive continues.
180
00:19:40,519 --> 00:19:42,761
France collapses.
181
00:19:49,288 --> 00:19:52,230
But Reynaud and de Gaulle, who is
under Secretary of State
182
00:19:52,337 --> 00:19:55,802
for Defense and War, want
to continue fighting.
183
00:20:01,286 --> 00:20:04,649
In Rome, the Italian dictator Mussolini,
"Il Duce"
184
00:20:06,678 --> 00:20:08,664
has big news for his people.
185
00:20:08,799 --> 00:20:10,759
A declaration of war i>
186
00:20:12,193 --> 00:20:15,815
has just been delivered... i>
187
00:20:17,704 --> 00:20:22,290
... to the ambassadors of
Great Britain and France. i>
188
00:20:23,161 --> 00:20:26,374
Mussolini is hoping for his share
of the spoils,
189
00:20:26,655 --> 00:20:32,020
the Rhone Valley, Marseille, as well as
the disarmament of Corsica and Tunisia.
190
00:20:33,449 --> 00:20:36,456
The French say,
"It's a stab in the back."
191
00:20:37,049 --> 00:20:40,841
Mussolini's offensive is cut short
by the French's Alpine Division.
192
00:20:41,967 --> 00:20:44,650
General Rommel's troop
storm Normandy
193
00:20:44,763 --> 00:20:46,672
and enter Loire.
194
00:21:04,260 --> 00:21:09,801
Paris is declared an 'open city', in other words,
it's turned over to the enemy without a fight,
195
00:21:10,130 --> 00:21:13,691
in order to be spared the fate
of Warsaw or Rotterdam.
196
00:21:14,075 --> 00:21:15,968
The government has moved to Bordeaux.
197
00:21:16,555 --> 00:21:18,603
The Germans are approaching the city.
198
00:21:18,807 --> 00:21:23,020
Rumors fly, they kill, they rape,
like the Prussians did in 1870.
199
00:21:24,584 --> 00:21:27,690
The Parisians, abandoned by
their government, flee.
200
00:21:28,300 --> 00:21:29,990
All of France takes to the road.
201
00:21:30,457 --> 00:21:33,596
A cataclysm that will be come to be known
by a biblical name,
202
00:21:34,140 --> 00:21:35,811
The Exodus.
203
00:21:35,947 --> 00:21:40,813
Millions of French men and women head
towards the Loire, the last rampart.
204
00:21:41,312 --> 00:21:44,965
But there is no rampart strong enough,
against the Stukas.
205
00:22:01,336 --> 00:22:06,686
On June 14, 1940, at daybreak,
the Germans march into Paris.
206
00:22:33,171 --> 00:22:37,892
The Nazi's emblem, the Swastika,
flies over Paris.
207
00:22:44,583 --> 00:22:46,857
One of the first acts of the German occupiers
208
00:22:46,935 --> 00:22:50,073
is to seized all the records of
the abandoned ministries.
209
00:22:50,400 --> 00:22:53,967
List of spies, of Jews,
of Freemasons,
210
00:22:54,071 --> 00:22:56,992
and even the original copy of
The Treaty of Versailles
211
00:22:57,081 --> 00:22:59,659
that so humiliated Germany in 1919.
212
00:23:00,505 --> 00:23:02,573
It is immediately sent off
to Hitler.
213
00:23:05,036 --> 00:23:07,305
The exodus, has come to a halt.
214
00:23:08,083 --> 00:23:10,905
The bridges over the Loire
are blown.
215
00:23:11,329 --> 00:23:15,861
The only hope now, is that
the fighting stops.
216
00:23:16,620 --> 00:23:19,880
Petain in Bordeaux, also want
to put an end to things.
217
00:23:25,973 --> 00:23:29,428
The Germans continue their relentless advance
southward.
218
00:23:29,873 --> 00:23:34,742
Though once considered a formidable force,
the French army is now *****.
219
00:23:34,999 --> 00:23:39,085
and yet to dispute up a better fight that would stored
especially at the time.
220
00:23:39,192 --> 00:23:42,938
In 1 month, 100,000 French soldiers die.
221
00:23:43,048 --> 00:23:46,298
More than in the same period of time
during World War I,
222
00:23:46,372 --> 00:23:49,452
the deadliest war until then.
223
00:24:03,087 --> 00:24:07,893
1,850,000 soldiers are taken prisoner,
224
00:24:07,989 --> 00:24:13,547
along with 36,000 officers
and 176 generals.
225
00:24:22,423 --> 00:24:27,503
Among the prisoners there are many African soldiers
from the French Colonial Troops.
226
00:24:28,833 --> 00:24:34,003
The Wehrmacht amateur film makers film them
with a perverse sense of satisfaction.
227
00:24:35,155 --> 00:24:38,974
Famished, these soldiers kill a goat.
228
00:25:01,420 --> 00:25:06,486
German propaganda news reels insist on showing
repeated close up of their faces.
229
00:25:06,804 --> 00:25:10,877
The official instructions are to portray
the degeneration of the French
230
00:25:10,958 --> 00:25:15,303
who are forced to go to war with
their slaves from their colonies.
231
00:25:15,551 --> 00:25:18,532
The original German commentary
is revealing:
232
00:25:20,214 --> 00:25:23,654
The Allies say they're fighting i>
233
00:25:23,739 --> 00:25:27,119
to defend civilization i>
234
00:25:27,574 --> 00:25:30,223
against our "medieval barbarity". I>
235
00:25:30,327 --> 00:25:33,555
Just look at them,
the guardians of culture! i>
236
00:25:33,660 --> 00:25:39,587
3,000 African soldiers and officers from the French army
will be shot and killed, after their captured.
237
00:25:41,119 --> 00:25:45,228
After 7 years of Nazi's indoctrination,
racism is rampant
238
00:25:45,311 --> 00:25:48,011
among the German soldiers.
239
00:25:52,474 --> 00:25:56,303
3 dates will now be decisive
in determining France's fate.
240
00:25:57,223 --> 00:25:59,337
On the June 16, 1940,
241
00:25:59,461 --> 00:26:03,277
Reynaud is out-maneuvered by the Council of Minister
in Bordeaux
242
00:26:03,333 --> 00:26:05,291
and he resigns.
243
00:26:05,390 --> 00:26:09,756
As his successor, Philippe Petain, is appointed
to head the French government.
244
00:26:16,263 --> 00:26:18,101
Place de la Bastille,
245
00:26:18,424 --> 00:26:21,509
those who remain in Paris listen
to Mar�chal Petain.
246
00:26:22,005 --> 00:26:26,366
The war hero at Verdun announces that
he is seeking for armistice.
247
00:26:29,836 --> 00:26:31,338
People of Paris, i>
248
00:26:32,271 --> 00:26:34,777
I have asked our enemies i>
249
00:26:35,040 --> 00:26:37,594
to cease all hostilities. i>
250
00:26:38,062 --> 00:26:41,591
I have taken this decision,
painful to the heart of a soldier i>
251
00:26:41,697 --> 00:26:45,622
because the military situation demands it. i>
252
00:26:49,044 --> 00:26:54,092
The German radio translates the speech
announcing France's capitulation.
253
00:27:05,797 --> 00:27:09,019
Some French people are able
to pick up the BBC.
254
00:27:09,764 --> 00:27:12,077
General de Gaulle has arrived in London.
255
00:27:12,170 --> 00:27:15,131
On June 18, he denounces the armistice.
256
00:27:15,559 --> 00:27:18,151
A few days later, he records a new speech,
257
00:27:20,871 --> 00:27:24,969
We believe that the honor of France i>
258
00:27:25,057 --> 00:27:30,497
lies in continuing the war
alongside our allies. i>
259
00:27:35,607 --> 00:27:39,525
Hitler receives a telegram of congratulation
from Moscow.
260
00:27:50,857 --> 00:27:55,897
On June 22, 1940, Hitler arrives in Compiegne,
near Paris.
261
00:27:56,302 --> 00:27:59,819
The setup he is ordered is designed
to humiliate the losers.
262
00:28:01,862 --> 00:28:06,452
He is brought the same railway car that was used
for the signing of 1818 armistice.
263
00:28:07,040 --> 00:28:09,287
that sealed Germany's defeat.
264
00:28:09,572 --> 00:28:11,838
His revenge is completed.
265
00:28:35,595 --> 00:28:39,269
The French delegations is led
by General Huntziger.
266
00:28:54,846 --> 00:28:57,289
An interpreter reads out a diatribe
267
00:28:57,376 --> 00:29:00,871
accusing France of declaring war
without any reason.
268
00:29:01,476 --> 00:29:03,895
Hitler does not utter a single word.
269
00:29:04,523 --> 00:29:06,638
He stands up and leaves.
270
00:29:16,748 --> 00:29:20,225
The French delegates have been informed
of the terms of the armistice.
271
00:29:20,739 --> 00:29:25,189
One of its conditions is that France
hand over all the anti Nazi Germans
272
00:29:25,279 --> 00:29:27,746
who have taken refuge in France.
273
00:29:28,197 --> 00:29:30,836
Huntziger tries to negotiate.
274
00:29:31,230 --> 00:29:33,153
The German refuse.
275
00:29:34,135 --> 00:29:36,758
Huntziger calls the government in Bordeaux.
276
00:29:36,864 --> 00:29:40,397
The German Secret Services take
his conversation with Weygand.
277
00:29:40,499 --> 00:29:43,082
- This is Huntzinger.
- Yes. I>
278
00:29:43,145 --> 00:29:45,479
Well, it's done. i>
279
00:29:45,586 --> 00:29:48,771
- It's done ?
- Yes, General... i>
280
00:29:48,846 --> 00:29:51,939
I'd like to thank you
for the way you handled it. i>
281
00:29:52,039 --> 00:29:56,061
- Yes Sir, well, you understand me, don't you?
- Yes, yes, I do. I>
282
00:29:58,532 --> 00:30:01,840
Afterwards, Hitler has the railway car
taken to Berlin.
283
00:30:02,572 --> 00:30:06,930
In the final days of the Reich, he will have
the SS blow it up with dynamite.
284
00:30:10,977 --> 00:30:14,798
Soon, the major symbols of France's victory
on World War I
285
00:30:14,924 --> 00:30:16,496
will be mocked.
286
00:30:16,700 --> 00:30:21,234
Like here, in Verdun, where half a million of French soldiers
were killed
287
00:30:21,650 --> 00:30:25,006
to come to this,
20 years later.
288
00:30:30,476 --> 00:30:35,620
Hitler jeers, as he visits his men who've only
just taken the Maginot line.
289
00:30:52,506 --> 00:30:56,952
He is more solemn when he enters Strasbourg
and its cathedral.
290
00:30:57,073 --> 00:31:02,127
Alsace and�Lorraine are German once again,
as he promised they would be.
291
00:31:06,421 --> 00:31:08,749
The spoils of the French campaign,
292
00:31:08,855 --> 00:31:12,742
2,000 tanks, 5,000 cannons,
293
00:31:12,796 --> 00:31:17,911
300,000 riffles,
4,000,000 rounds of ammunition.
294
00:31:28,685 --> 00:31:31,744
At an army supply warehouse,
the Wehrmacht finds
295
00:31:31,855 --> 00:31:36,294
a stock of long johns meant
for the French army,
296
00:31:36,409 --> 00:31:40,462
warm woolen garments which will be
stored away for future campaigns.
297
00:31:48,024 --> 00:31:53,750
The spoils are the factories, the harbors,
all the riches of France.
298
00:31:54,573 --> 00:31:58,430
It was the French who declared war, as a consequence,
they will pay the equivalent
299
00:31:58,548 --> 00:32:03,569
of $100,000,000 a day,
in occupation costs.
300
00:32:05,757 --> 00:32:09,222
General Huntziger goes to the Germany for
the first meeting of the commission
301
00:32:09,335 --> 00:32:12,744
charges with declining the term
of the armistice.
302
00:32:22,835 --> 00:32:27,361
To spare troops, Hitler decides to let
France retain partial sovereignty
303
00:32:27,459 --> 00:32:30,264
under a government at his beckon call
304
00:32:30,488 --> 00:32:35,221
and with limited armies stripped of heavy weapons,
just to maintain order.
305
00:32:36,347 --> 00:32:37,954
The country is split in 2:
306
00:32:38,046 --> 00:32:43,511
An occupied zone in north and along the entire
Atlantic coast, providing access to all the harbors.
307
00:32:44,575 --> 00:32:48,996
Italy controls the Mediterranean area,
and occupies a narrow ribbon along the Alps.
308
00:32:49,993 --> 00:32:54,201
The rest is called the 'Free Zone'
with a new capital, Vichy.
309
00:33:00,265 --> 00:33:03,930
This 'spar town' has been chosen
in part for its many hotel.
310
00:33:04,846 --> 00:33:07,784
In early July, Mar�chal Petain
moves into them
311
00:33:07,884 --> 00:33:09,850
along with government ministries.
312
00:33:10,370 --> 00:33:13,175
The atmosphere everywhere,
is abysmal.
313
00:33:18,978 --> 00:33:21,915
*****
314
00:33:21,983 --> 00:33:25,103
*****
315
00:33:25,192 --> 00:33:28,456
*****
316
00:33:30,724 --> 00:33:35,218
However, this Vichy Government continues
to control a vast colonial empire
317
00:33:35,371 --> 00:33:38,598
and ***** is still a powerful navy.
318
00:33:39,702 --> 00:33:44,171
Hitler's only request is that it ships be disarmed,
and remains in their ports
319
00:33:44,288 --> 00:33:48,086
for he is afraid it might join
forces with Britain.
320
00:33:48,207 --> 00:33:51,499
Churchill fears the opposite that
it will fall into German hands.
321
00:33:52,028 --> 00:33:55,123
He orders the Royal Navy
to neutralized them.
322
00:33:56,772 --> 00:34:01,227
A British naval force sails to one of
France's biggest naval bases.
323
00:34:01,380 --> 00:34:04,110
Mers-el-Kebir, in Algeria.
324
00:34:04,189 --> 00:34:07,473
Churchill is taking no risk,
an ultimatum is dispatched.
325
00:34:07,793 --> 00:34:10,271
Either join us, scatterly around ships
326
00:34:10,370 --> 00:34:14,940
or sail under escort for demilitarization
in the Caribbean.
327
00:34:15,047 --> 00:34:17,927
The French rejects all proposals.
328
00:34:19,339 --> 00:34:21,883
The British open fire.
329
00:34:28,030 --> 00:34:32,267
2 French battleships are heavily damaged and one,
De Bretagne, is sunk.
330
00:34:32,708 --> 00:34:35,894
1297 French sailors are killed.
331
00:34:38,581 --> 00:34:43,742
Seeking to show his people, the world, and above all,
The United States, how determined he is,
332
00:34:43,845 --> 00:34:46,735
Churchill strikes out at his former ally
333
00:34:46,846 --> 00:34:50,885
whose fleets could've help the Germans
land on British shores.
334
00:34:50,946 --> 00:34:56,312
Two days after the attack, The Vichy Government
breaks off diplomatic relations with Britain.
335
00:35:04,451 --> 00:35:07,011
All of Germany acclaims Hitler.
336
00:35:07,380 --> 00:35:11,325
His lightning conquest of France
enthralls his generals.
337
00:35:11,424 --> 00:35:16,733
He sees himself as the greatest war leader of all time,
on a par with Napoleon.
338
00:35:17,468 --> 00:35:22,003
And like The Emperor, no one dares
to contradict him anymore.
339
00:35:30,256 --> 00:35:34,044
The Germans occupy the Channel Islands,
Jersey and Guernsey,
340
00:35:34,293 --> 00:35:37,730
stepping stones towards the invasion
of Great Britain.
341
00:35:43,265 --> 00:35:48,181
The British get ready for a German invasion,
taking measures that might appear trifle.
342
00:36:00,230 --> 00:36:04,960
Another urgent matter is to send the children
away to the country side, for safety,
343
00:36:05,045 --> 00:36:09,021
always a painful moment.
344
00:36:24,630 --> 00:36:29,725
Their elder sisters, their mothers and grandmothers
join the war effort.
345
00:36:34,100 --> 00:36:38,750
Every woman must defend her home against
the Fallschirm German paratroopers.
346
00:36:47,320 --> 00:36:51,167
The men join arms as Local Defense Volunteers
for the Home Guard.
347
00:36:51,357 --> 00:36:54,297
Even veterans of the First World War.
348
00:36:54,542 --> 00:36:59,836
The willing and able are mobilized, while
the army rescued in Dunkirk reforms.
349
00:37:01,788 --> 00:37:06,307
America supplies riffles, machine guns,
and anti aircraft cannons,
350
00:37:07,008 --> 00:37:09,813
and everyone perfect their skills.
351
00:37:21,242 --> 00:37:25,004
Churchill delivers a most inspired speech
to the British people,
352
00:37:26,109 --> 00:37:29,074
Battle of Britain is about to begin, i>
353
00:37:29,220 --> 00:37:33,437
Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duty, i>
354
00:37:33,551 --> 00:37:36,501
and so bear ourselves i>
355
00:37:36,604 --> 00:37:42,190
that if the British Empire and its Commonwealth
lasts for a thousand years, i>
356
00:37:43,006 --> 00:37:45,147
men will still say, i>
357
00:37:46,041 --> 00:37:49,994
'This was their finest hour'. i>
358
00:37:53,731 --> 00:37:56,971
One of Churchill's main weapons is
The Royal Air Force
359
00:37:57,058 --> 00:38:01,539
Along with its remarkable aircraft, The Spitfire
with its Rolls-Royce engine,
360
00:38:01,627 --> 00:38:04,624
One of the best fighter planes in the world.
361
00:38:08,068 --> 00:38:10,732
Britain also excels in the field of electronics.
362
00:38:11,272 --> 00:38:14,594
The British are the first to use radar
for the purpose of defense.
363
00:38:15,810 --> 00:38:18,801
In the ops room, radar is used for detecting planes
and guiding pilots towards the enemy.
364
00:38:18,918 --> 00:38:21,239
and guiding pilots towards the enemy.
365
00:38:26,868 --> 00:38:30,262
The pilots from all over the British empire
are joint by airmen
366
00:38:30,358 --> 00:38:33,410
who have managed to flee their countries
on the German occupation.
367
00:38:33,572 --> 00:38:36,283
or whose government are in exiles in London,
368
00:38:36,318 --> 00:38:41,806
Polish, Dutch, Czech,
369
00:38:41,947 --> 00:38:47,142
and the first of the free French forces
along with de Gaulle.
370
00:38:49,982 --> 00:38:53,464
Many of the British pilots are Oxford's
and Cambridge's students.
371
00:38:53,560 --> 00:38:56,002
One of them, Richard Hillary,
later wrote:
372
00:38:56,715 --> 00:39:01,391
We were known as the 'long-head boys'.
We were disillusioned and spoiled. I>
373
00:39:01,475 --> 00:39:06,903
The press refers to us as the lost generation.
Superficially, we were selfish and egocentric. I>
374
00:39:07,471 --> 00:39:13,146
The war demanded no heroics, but gave us the opportunity
to prove to ourselves and to the world i>
375
00:39:13,258 --> 00:39:19,239
that undisciplined though we might be,
we were a match for Hitler's dogma-fed youth. i>
376
00:39:24,509 --> 00:39:28,914
These German pilots have been trained by the 'Hitler-Jugend',
The Hitler Youth,
377
00:39:29,067 --> 00:39:31,184
with the idea of revenge.
378
00:39:38,763 --> 00:39:40,774
They feel that they are invincible.
379
00:39:41,129 --> 00:39:45,076
Their leader, Goering, is a popular figure in the regime.
380
00:39:50,672 --> 00:39:55,357
Goering, who is a man of luxury, often stays
at the Hotel Ritz in Paris.
381
00:39:55,444 --> 00:40:00,666
and turns the Luxembourg Palace,
into the Luftwaffe's headquarters.
382
00:40:01,006 --> 00:40:05,810
He has promised Hitler that The Luftwaffe could
obliterate The Royal Air Force, in days
383
00:40:05,900 --> 00:40:11,212
take control of the air, and enable the Wehrmacht
to invade Great Britain.
384
00:40:11,757 --> 00:40:15,680
The Luftwaffe has in its disposal,
all of France's airfields,
385
00:40:15,785 --> 00:40:18,612
their installations, and their equipment.
386
00:40:18,881 --> 00:40:20,777
Its pilot are well-trained,
387
00:40:20,886 --> 00:40:26,793
like Adolf Galland, with his trademark cigar
who fought against the Republicans in Spain.
388
00:40:28,064 --> 00:40:31,677
Or Werner Molders, an ace from the battle of France.
389
00:40:31,760 --> 00:40:36,490
He was one of the pilot shot down, taken prisoner,
and then returned to the German.
390
00:40:36,819 --> 00:40:40,472
He is now part of aerial offensive
against Great Britain.
391
00:40:47,875 --> 00:40:51,611
Taking off from this field in occupied France,
the Germans will attack convoys on the Channel,
392
00:40:51,685 --> 00:40:57,191
harbors, and airfields in southern England.
393
00:41:03,855 --> 00:41:09,808
They will shoot down 500 British aircraft,
at a cost of 1,000 of their own.
394
00:41:12,757 --> 00:41:16,274
The British pilots hold out
giving everything they have.
395
00:41:35,542 --> 00:41:36,976
Churchill proclaims,
396
00:41:37,027 --> 00:41:39,545
Never in the field of human conflict, i>
397
00:41:39,625 --> 00:41:44,397
was so much owed by so many
to so few. i>
398
00:41:45,370 --> 00:41:48,470
Hitler decides to postpone
his plan to invade Britain.
399
00:41:48,713 --> 00:41:50,779
This is his first setback.
400
00:41:50,874 --> 00:41:53,869
His tactics now rely more on
night-time bombings.
401
00:41:54,115 --> 00:41:55,015
He says,
402
00:41:55,118 --> 00:41:59,624
The British will surrender when their cities
have been destroyed. i>
403
00:42:01,326 --> 00:42:05,676
German's bombers attack British cities
like Coventry and London
404
00:42:06,648 --> 00:42:10,792
This is the blitz, daily bombings
405
00:42:40,317 --> 00:42:43,125
As for the British people,
they hold up admirably.
406
00:42:45,517 --> 00:42:48,294
They dig shelters in the gardens
of their cottages.
407
00:42:50,031 --> 00:42:55,134
And in London, they sleep in the underground stations,
and go to work the next day.
408
00:43:07,454 --> 00:43:10,942
They never lose their confidence,
or sense of humor.
409
00:43:14,173 --> 00:43:15,935
Churchill says to the French:
410
00:43:16,814 --> 00:43:19,582
Here in London, i>
411
00:43:19,666 --> 00:43:24,251
which Herr Hitler says
he will reduce to ashes, i>
412
00:43:24,304 --> 00:43:27,614
our people are bearing up unflinchingly. i>
413
00:43:48,789 --> 00:43:50,580
Hitler is exasperated.
414
00:43:50,702 --> 00:43:54,866
He will later call Churchill,
"A Jew-ridden, half American drunkard".
415
00:43:54,971 --> 00:44:00,045
From now on, whenever he is thwarted, he will offend
his spite against the Jew.
416
00:44:08,130 --> 00:44:11,940
On October 12, 1940,
on the Day of Yom Kippur,
417
00:44:12,036 --> 00:44:15,623
The Jews of the Warsaw are told
that the ghetto will be set up.
418
00:44:15,742 --> 00:44:18,215
A wall 3 meters-high is erected,
419
00:44:18,306 --> 00:44:23,455
enclosing half a million of Jews,
men and women, children, the elderly.
420
00:44:23,959 --> 00:44:28,365
They will suffer horrifically from hunger,
cold, and poverty.
421
00:45:06,258 --> 00:45:09,224
In his chalet in the Bavarian Alps, The Berghof,
422
00:45:09,306 --> 00:45:13,894
Hitler is filmed by his mistress Eva Braun
as he celebrates New Year.
423
00:45:13,973 --> 00:45:17,137
surrounded by children of Nazis dignitaries.
424
00:45:17,320 --> 00:45:21,103
He has another plan in his sleeves,
another big gamble.
425
00:45:21,770 --> 00:45:24,740
His mission now is to conquer
new 'Lebensraum',
426
00:45:24,854 --> 00:45:27,575
'Living Space' to the east.
427
00:45:28,979 --> 00:45:33,416
He has allied himself with Stalin, only to
better attack him later on.
428
00:45:34,094 --> 00:45:37,197
His failure to take Britain compels him
to move quickly.
429
00:45:37,276 --> 00:45:40,328
Before Churchill is able
to draw America in.
430
00:45:40,437 --> 00:45:44,392
That, would set the world ablaze.
431
00:45:47,303 --> 00:46:50,297
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