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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,267 --> 00:00:02,835 [crickets chirping] 2 00:00:15,016 --> 00:00:17,049 Kevin costner: Flashlight, headlight, hatchet. 3 00:00:17,101 --> 00:00:19,401 [mumbling] 4 00:00:19,403 --> 00:00:20,636 Perfect. 5 00:00:20,688 --> 00:00:24,757 Ah, tent, tent. 6 00:00:27,561 --> 00:00:32,147 No, but I'm sure you're gonna ask it anyway. 7 00:00:39,306 --> 00:00:40,556 Well, you ever heard the expression 8 00:00:40,608 --> 00:00:45,844 That sometimes the truth is stranger than fiction? 9 00:00:45,896 --> 00:00:49,281 I think this is one of those stories. 10 00:00:49,333 --> 00:00:52,868 It's a story about a confluence of tragic events, 11 00:00:52,920 --> 00:00:56,688 Separated by time and space, intersecting 12 00:00:56,741 --> 00:01:02,911 At a seemingly impossible manner, and somehow something-- 13 00:01:02,963 --> 00:01:06,815 Something incredible came out of all of it. 14 00:01:06,867 --> 00:01:11,737 A young boy suffering from severe asthma, 15 00:01:11,789 --> 00:01:14,356 A president's assassination, a horrible accident 16 00:01:14,408 --> 00:01:17,576 In a wagon wheel factory. 17 00:01:17,628 --> 00:01:20,696 Unrelated events in most people's minds, right? 18 00:01:20,748 --> 00:01:25,017 But they all needed to happen for this story to unfold, 19 00:01:25,069 --> 00:01:27,653 For two men to come together for three days 20 00:01:27,705 --> 00:01:33,192 Out in the wild, three days that would change america forever. 21 00:01:36,213 --> 00:01:38,063 That's a story worth telling, don't you think? 22 00:01:41,452 --> 00:01:43,018 Now I'm gonna turn these lights out 23 00:01:43,070 --> 00:01:46,939 Because I'm pretty sure I forgot something 24 00:01:46,991 --> 00:01:48,023 And I'll get it in the morning. 25 00:01:52,429 --> 00:01:55,097 [theme music] 26 00:01:58,319 --> 00:02:00,602 Kevin costner (voiceover): Two men embark on a camping trip. 27 00:02:06,410 --> 00:02:08,443 These two men have never met before. 28 00:02:11,115 --> 00:02:16,385 They push through heavy snow, get soaked with rain, 29 00:02:16,437 --> 00:02:18,437 And wash down stakes with hot coffee. 30 00:02:18,489 --> 00:02:21,073 [whimsical music] 31 00:02:27,331 --> 00:02:29,615 They didn't set out to change america. 32 00:02:33,521 --> 00:02:41,560 But what they dreamed up around the campfire, 33 00:02:41,612 --> 00:02:45,747 Some might call it ingenious. 34 00:02:45,799 --> 00:02:47,833 Others might say cunning. 35 00:02:50,354 --> 00:02:51,820 But boy, did it work. 36 00:03:02,283 --> 00:03:05,734 [birds chirping] 37 00:03:05,786 --> 00:03:08,770 [uplifting music] 38 00:03:26,223 --> 00:03:35,998 Yosemite national park, 1,200 square miles of soaring cliffs, 39 00:03:36,050 --> 00:03:41,253 Cascading falls, and endless groves of sequoias. 40 00:03:44,491 --> 00:03:47,709 The lush valleys are a playground for the 400 species 41 00:03:47,761 --> 00:03:50,662 That live here. 42 00:03:50,714 --> 00:03:54,182 The alien granite structures are a playground for us. 43 00:03:56,704 --> 00:04:00,956 It's pristine and protected. 44 00:04:01,008 --> 00:04:05,010 Today, the national park service employs more than 700 rangers 45 00:04:05,062 --> 00:04:08,330 To keep this land safe, to keep it just the way 46 00:04:08,382 --> 00:04:11,066 It was when it was created. 47 00:04:11,118 --> 00:04:13,652 But that hasn't always been the case. 48 00:04:13,704 --> 00:04:17,956 And if not for events that took place more than a century ago, 49 00:04:18,008 --> 00:04:20,375 It'd probably look a lot more like this. 50 00:04:25,132 --> 00:04:28,784 But let's go back to the beginning of the story. 51 00:04:28,836 --> 00:04:31,687 Well, the modern part, at least. 52 00:04:31,739 --> 00:04:37,909 The year is 1872, geologists and surveyor 53 00:04:37,962 --> 00:04:43,282 Ferdinand hayden has just led a team to the yellowstone region. 54 00:04:43,334 --> 00:04:45,917 He successfully lobbies congress to protect 55 00:04:45,970 --> 00:04:48,837 The land for the benefit and enjoyment of the people. 56 00:04:48,889 --> 00:04:51,790 [uplifting music] 57 00:04:54,228 --> 00:04:57,262 President ulysses s. Grant signs the yellowstone 58 00:04:57,314 --> 00:04:59,197 National park act into law. 59 00:05:01,852 --> 00:05:05,003 For the first time ever, the us government 60 00:05:05,055 --> 00:05:08,924 Vows to protect america's natural wonders in perpetuity. 61 00:05:14,014 --> 00:05:18,050 By the time our story takes place in 1903, 62 00:05:18,102 --> 00:05:23,271 There are six national parks, six areas that congress 63 00:05:23,324 --> 00:05:24,423 Has promised to protect. 64 00:05:24,475 --> 00:05:27,376 [uplifting music] 65 00:05:33,167 --> 00:05:34,916 But it's not working at all. 66 00:05:38,906 --> 00:05:44,659 Congress saw the national parks as a zero cost initiative. 67 00:05:44,712 --> 00:05:48,663 Each park has a single unpaid superintendent responsible 68 00:05:48,716 --> 00:05:52,050 For enforcing regulations. 69 00:05:52,102 --> 00:05:54,970 This is the system in place to protect the lands. 70 00:05:58,242 --> 00:06:02,611 Poachers are decimating the elk herds in yellowstone. 71 00:06:02,663 --> 00:06:05,330 Sequoia national park is under relentless assault 72 00:06:05,382 --> 00:06:07,099 From loggers who have no interest 73 00:06:07,151 --> 00:06:10,736 In letting go of a cash cow. 74 00:06:10,788 --> 00:06:13,505 And here in yosemite, gold miners 75 00:06:13,557 --> 00:06:17,008 Have flooded into the valley after a 75 pound 76 00:06:17,061 --> 00:06:20,495 Gold nugget is discovered here. 77 00:06:20,547 --> 00:06:23,881 Those who aren't tearing up the rock in search of gold 78 00:06:23,883 --> 00:06:26,535 Are cleaving through the forest with reckless abandon. 79 00:06:32,493 --> 00:06:36,461 You know, as a parent myself, I can confidently 80 00:06:36,513 --> 00:06:39,314 Say that the rules I believe don't really work if they're 81 00:06:39,366 --> 00:06:43,485 Only enforced some of the time, and even less effective 82 00:06:43,537 --> 00:06:47,305 If the punishment for breaking them isn't much of a punishment 83 00:06:47,357 --> 00:06:48,523 At all. 84 00:06:48,575 --> 00:06:52,644 And that's exactly what was happening in the national parks. 85 00:06:52,696 --> 00:06:53,912 There was this poacher. 86 00:06:53,964 --> 00:06:57,749 His name was ed howell, and he was caught red handed 87 00:06:57,801 --> 00:07:02,070 By the army soldiers cutting off the heads of 10 bison 88 00:07:02,122 --> 00:07:04,556 That he had killed in yellowstone national park. 89 00:07:04,608 --> 00:07:08,143 He admitted it on the spot; that he'd sold them 90 00:07:08,195 --> 00:07:13,348 To a taxidermist for $125 each. 91 00:07:13,400 --> 00:07:17,219 But despite getting caught in the act, 92 00:07:17,271 --> 00:07:21,590 The only punishment allowed by the law was to make him leave 93 00:07:21,642 --> 00:07:25,794 And telling him that he should never come back. 94 00:07:25,846 --> 00:07:32,267 I guess that would be what we'd call the proverbial wrist slap. 95 00:07:32,319 --> 00:07:35,620 10 bison with their heads cut off in the national park 96 00:07:35,672 --> 00:07:40,025 And all they said was you can't come back. 97 00:07:40,077 --> 00:07:41,860 And that's exactly what had been going 98 00:07:41,912 --> 00:07:44,029 On in the national park system. 99 00:07:47,151 --> 00:07:48,733 Kevin costner (voiceover): But the gruesome image 100 00:07:48,785 --> 00:07:53,071 Is printed in newspapers across the country. 101 00:07:53,073 --> 00:07:56,158 The public outcry is enormous. 102 00:07:56,210 --> 00:07:58,527 How could the government claim to be protecting 103 00:07:58,579 --> 00:08:01,480 The national parks when there's no policy 104 00:08:01,532 --> 00:08:04,866 In place to enforce the rules? 105 00:08:04,918 --> 00:08:08,803 The public wants congress to do something. 106 00:08:08,856 --> 00:08:13,041 But a few years later, after the public outcry has died down, 107 00:08:13,093 --> 00:08:17,179 The plundering in our national parks continues. 108 00:08:17,231 --> 00:08:21,266 What was once a herd numbering in the millions 109 00:08:21,318 --> 00:08:24,886 Has dwindled to just 23 bison remaining in yellowstone. 110 00:08:24,938 --> 00:08:27,639 [suspenseful music] 111 00:08:32,029 --> 00:08:35,397 And 1,300 miles to the southwest, 112 00:08:35,449 --> 00:08:52,731 Yosemite is still under assault. The trees, 113 00:08:52,783 --> 00:09:01,172 The streams, the wildlife, all of it is at risk. 114 00:09:01,225 --> 00:09:05,727 The dream of ferdinand hayden, the concept of protecting 115 00:09:05,779 --> 00:09:10,048 America's wildest places, the very idea of national parks 116 00:09:10,100 --> 00:09:13,752 Is hanging on by a thread. 117 00:09:13,804 --> 00:09:19,991 Something needs to happen fast, but it doesn't. 118 00:09:20,043 --> 00:09:21,993 It's destined to disappear forever. 119 00:09:25,382 --> 00:09:31,753 But then on may 15, 1903, two men embark on a camping trip 120 00:09:31,805 --> 00:09:33,972 Just a few miles from where I'm standing. 121 00:09:36,693 --> 00:09:40,178 [instrumental music] 122 00:09:51,108 --> 00:09:52,841 They didn't set out to change america, 123 00:09:52,893 --> 00:09:57,095 But that's what ended up happening. 124 00:09:57,147 --> 00:09:58,296 This is where it all started. 125 00:10:12,245 --> 00:10:15,196 [whimsical music] 126 00:10:18,635 --> 00:10:22,954 Kevin costner (voiceover): These two men have never met before, 127 00:10:23,006 --> 00:10:26,207 But through a series of letters, they agreed to spend three days 128 00:10:26,259 --> 00:10:30,178 Camping in yosemite together. 129 00:10:30,230 --> 00:10:33,898 They entered the region from the south in an area 130 00:10:33,950 --> 00:10:37,836 Called mariposa grove. 131 00:10:37,888 --> 00:10:40,989 [whimsical music] 132 00:10:41,041 --> 00:10:44,376 Before they disappear into the vast wilderness, 133 00:10:44,428 --> 00:10:48,380 The two men and the entourage that came to see them off 134 00:10:48,432 --> 00:10:50,982 Posed for a photograph in front of a giant sequoia. 135 00:10:55,572 --> 00:11:02,260 This is teddy roosevelt, the president of the united states. 136 00:11:02,312 --> 00:11:08,350 And this is his tour guide, renowned naturalist john muir. 137 00:11:08,402 --> 00:11:11,903 And naturally, that tour starts among the giants. 138 00:11:14,574 --> 00:11:17,492 Then, as now, the groves of giant sequoias 139 00:11:17,544 --> 00:11:20,428 Are synonymous with yosemite. 140 00:11:20,480 --> 00:11:23,264 And their timber is what many of the poachers in the park 141 00:11:23,316 --> 00:11:24,115 Were after. 142 00:11:28,438 --> 00:11:35,927 The sequoias are a sight to behold, towering into the sky. 143 00:11:35,979 --> 00:11:37,912 They're the largest species of tree 144 00:11:37,964 --> 00:11:45,303 On earth, reaching heights up to 325 feet. 145 00:11:45,355 --> 00:11:47,605 They're as tall as a 30 story building. 146 00:11:47,657 --> 00:11:50,608 [uplifting music] 147 00:12:02,089 --> 00:12:04,706 But each of these behemoths starts like this. 148 00:12:04,758 --> 00:12:07,592 [whimsical music] 149 00:12:16,737 --> 00:12:20,288 A seed no larger than a single flake of oatmeal. 150 00:12:23,894 --> 00:12:27,762 They grow the same way we do, little by little. 151 00:12:30,817 --> 00:12:34,702 After a year, they're about 9 inches tall. 152 00:12:34,755 --> 00:12:39,140 After three years, they're about 3 feet tall. 153 00:12:39,192 --> 00:12:44,262 The key to their immense size is longevity. 154 00:12:44,314 --> 00:12:46,981 Living up to 3,000 years, they have 155 00:12:47,033 --> 00:12:50,702 One of the longest lifespans of any organism on planet earth. 156 00:12:50,754 --> 00:12:53,571 [whimsical music] 157 00:13:05,502 --> 00:13:07,685 This is the oldest tree in yosemite. 158 00:13:12,125 --> 00:13:13,508 Meet the grizzly giant. 159 00:13:16,062 --> 00:13:20,665 She germinated around 1,000 bc. 160 00:13:20,717 --> 00:13:27,288 In the 3,000 years since, she's endured wind and snow. 161 00:13:27,340 --> 00:13:33,578 She's endured drought and fire. 162 00:13:33,630 --> 00:13:37,949 The burn scars around the base are called cat faces, 163 00:13:37,951 --> 00:13:42,036 And they're worn like a badge of honor. 164 00:13:42,088 --> 00:13:44,572 A lesser tree may have been felled by the fire 165 00:13:44,624 --> 00:13:47,442 That this once survived. 166 00:13:47,494 --> 00:13:50,862 And yet, fire is a necessary part of the cycle 167 00:13:50,914 --> 00:13:52,547 Of the mighty sequoia. 168 00:13:52,599 --> 00:13:55,517 [fire crackling] 169 00:13:58,388 --> 00:14:01,890 The sequoias cones are just a few inches long, 170 00:14:01,942 --> 00:14:06,611 And they hang on for dear life, often staying sealed on the tree 171 00:14:06,663 --> 00:14:09,897 For 20 years or more. 172 00:14:09,900 --> 00:14:13,468 It takes an extremely dry period or a fire 173 00:14:13,520 --> 00:14:16,187 For the tree to release the cone down to the ground. 174 00:14:19,142 --> 00:14:21,976 Then the heat of a fire on the forest floor 175 00:14:22,028 --> 00:14:25,597 Causes the cone to open and release the seeds to the soil 176 00:14:25,615 --> 00:14:26,414 Below. 177 00:14:30,103 --> 00:14:32,837 Only one out of every million will ever take root. 178 00:14:32,889 --> 00:14:35,707 [uplifting music] 179 00:14:39,613 --> 00:14:42,263 The grizzly giant has produced around 900 180 00:14:42,315 --> 00:14:44,382 Million seeds in her lifetime. 181 00:14:48,021 --> 00:14:51,122 So it's likely that many of the trees that stand nearby 182 00:14:51,174 --> 00:14:53,608 Are her offspring. 183 00:14:53,660 --> 00:14:56,861 Standing at the base of the mother tree, 184 00:14:56,913 --> 00:15:01,049 It's easy to see that she appears to be ready to fall. 185 00:15:01,117 --> 00:15:03,501 With a weight of over two million pounds, 186 00:15:03,553 --> 00:15:09,440 She leans heavily to the south, nearly five degrees in angle. 187 00:15:09,492 --> 00:15:12,744 The force of gravity does what it does, 188 00:15:12,796 --> 00:15:17,632 But there's a reason the giant doesn't fall. 189 00:15:17,684 --> 00:15:20,551 It's because each of the 500 mature sequoias 190 00:15:20,604 --> 00:15:24,005 In mariposa grove are giving a little help 191 00:15:24,057 --> 00:15:25,340 To their friends and family. 192 00:15:29,079 --> 00:15:32,280 Giant sequoia roots don't tap straight down into the ground 193 00:15:32,332 --> 00:15:33,348 Like most trees. 194 00:15:36,086 --> 00:15:39,954 Instead, the shallow root system spreads out to the side 195 00:15:39,973 --> 00:15:42,790 And interlaces with the roots of other trees around them. 196 00:15:46,930 --> 00:15:49,964 In this case, the oldest tree in yosemite 197 00:15:50,016 --> 00:15:53,434 And one of the oldest living things on earth 198 00:15:53,486 --> 00:15:56,087 Is held steady by the trees around her. 199 00:16:00,293 --> 00:16:03,061 And it's right here on the edge of the majestic grove 200 00:16:03,113 --> 00:16:06,764 Of sequoias that this part of our story unfolds. 201 00:16:13,189 --> 00:16:15,757 When roosevelt showed up at the wawona hotel 202 00:16:15,809 --> 00:16:19,877 On the outskirts of yosemite, a massive reception in four 203 00:16:19,929 --> 00:16:22,196 Days of events were planned. 204 00:16:22,248 --> 00:16:25,583 Governors and politicians had gathered to meet with him. 205 00:16:25,635 --> 00:16:28,069 Agendas at the ready. 206 00:16:28,121 --> 00:16:32,173 But the president, well, he had an agenda of his own. 207 00:16:32,225 --> 00:16:35,076 [classical music] 208 00:16:49,793 --> 00:16:51,876 Imagine that happening now. 209 00:16:51,928 --> 00:16:53,761 The president of the united states 210 00:16:53,813 --> 00:16:56,197 Shows up to a campaign event and then suddenly 211 00:16:56,249 --> 00:16:57,849 Vanishes into the wilderness. 212 00:17:01,388 --> 00:17:03,304 It'd be a national panic. 213 00:17:03,356 --> 00:17:05,723 There'd be military search parties called in, 214 00:17:05,775 --> 00:17:08,826 Helicopters and drones flying around the clock. 215 00:17:08,878 --> 00:17:10,995 But those who knew teddy roosevelt 216 00:17:11,047 --> 00:17:14,465 Knew that it was best to not send anyone after him, 217 00:17:14,517 --> 00:17:17,535 Especially if they wanted to keep their jobs. 218 00:17:17,587 --> 00:17:23,141 Roosevelt was a different kind of guy, and so was his guide. 219 00:17:23,193 --> 00:17:26,127 [classical music] 220 00:17:43,496 --> 00:17:44,929 Kevin costner (voiceover): John muir arrives 221 00:17:44,964 --> 00:17:51,519 In the yosemite region in 1868. 222 00:17:51,571 --> 00:17:56,207 He instantly falls in love with the place and decides to stay. 223 00:17:56,259 --> 00:17:59,177 He uses his status as a well-respected author 224 00:17:59,245 --> 00:18:01,312 To draw up the proposed boundaries 225 00:18:01,347 --> 00:18:05,133 And write magazine articles that lead to yosemite being crowned 226 00:18:05,185 --> 00:18:07,001 America's third national park. 227 00:18:11,291 --> 00:18:15,343 And in 1903, when he receives roosevelt's letter asking him 228 00:18:15,395 --> 00:18:20,681 To guide him through yosemite, he doesn't accept the invitation 229 00:18:20,733 --> 00:18:23,734 Because he's starstruck. 230 00:18:23,787 --> 00:18:26,971 He accepts because he has an agenda of his own. 231 00:18:29,709 --> 00:18:33,044 In a letter he sends to a colleague, muir writes, 232 00:18:33,096 --> 00:18:36,380 "an influential man from washington wants to make a trip 233 00:18:36,432 --> 00:18:38,983 Into the sierra with me, and I might be 234 00:18:39,035 --> 00:18:41,002 Able to do some force good and freely 235 00:18:41,054 --> 00:18:45,173 Talking around the campfire." 236 00:18:45,225 --> 00:18:47,875 He's labored tirelessly to stop the destruction 237 00:18:47,927 --> 00:18:51,028 Of america's natural places, and yet it's 238 00:18:51,080 --> 00:18:53,815 Still happening in yosemite. 239 00:18:53,867 --> 00:18:57,752 By the early 20th century, one third of the original sequoia 240 00:18:57,804 --> 00:19:02,273 Groves have been clear cut, and the one man who can do 241 00:19:02,325 --> 00:19:04,242 Something about it is about to give 242 00:19:04,294 --> 00:19:07,495 Muir a very intimate audience. 243 00:19:07,547 --> 00:19:11,432 If he can show the president the magic of this place, 244 00:19:11,484 --> 00:19:14,152 Maybe he can convince him to use every shred 245 00:19:14,204 --> 00:19:15,753 Of his power to protect it. 246 00:19:20,393 --> 00:19:23,260 And so after a quick photo opportunity in front 247 00:19:23,279 --> 00:19:25,897 Of the yosemite's oldest resident, 248 00:19:25,949 --> 00:19:29,734 The president and the naturalist head into the wilderness. 249 00:19:36,809 --> 00:19:39,076 Yeah, I actually do remember the first time 250 00:19:39,128 --> 00:19:40,728 Coming to yosemite. 251 00:19:40,780 --> 00:19:42,647 And there was something about yosemite 252 00:19:42,699 --> 00:19:46,551 That when you first arrived to it, I came through a tunnel 253 00:19:46,603 --> 00:19:50,371 And saw maybe the most beautiful place I've ever seen in my life, 254 00:19:50,423 --> 00:19:56,894 This valley of stone surrounding it, protecting it, this rush 255 00:19:56,946 --> 00:20:01,265 Of water that looked like it was just hurling out 256 00:20:01,317 --> 00:20:02,300 Of the mountain. 257 00:20:02,352 --> 00:20:05,019 I'd never seen anything so beautiful. 258 00:20:08,508 --> 00:20:09,624 I was lucky. 259 00:20:09,676 --> 00:20:10,424 Do you realize that? 260 00:20:10,476 --> 00:20:13,995 I was lucky that someone had made a decision 261 00:20:14,047 --> 00:20:16,297 Along the way to protect this. 262 00:20:16,349 --> 00:20:18,399 Otherwise it had been gone. 263 00:20:22,388 --> 00:20:24,889 And my whole essence of how I've lived my life 264 00:20:24,941 --> 00:20:28,259 Was formed from being in these wild places, 265 00:20:28,311 --> 00:20:32,096 And these wild places needed protection. 266 00:20:32,148 --> 00:20:34,365 Someone had to speak for it. 267 00:20:34,417 --> 00:20:38,236 John muir had to speak for it. 268 00:20:38,288 --> 00:20:42,089 Part of what muir understood so clearly if he could just 269 00:20:42,141 --> 00:20:46,127 Get teddy there, if he could just get him to this spot, 270 00:20:46,179 --> 00:20:48,329 That it would change the trajectory 271 00:20:48,381 --> 00:20:49,814 Of the national park system. 272 00:20:49,866 --> 00:20:52,700 [uplifting music] 273 00:20:57,273 --> 00:20:58,906 Kevin costner (voiceover): As muir guides roosevelt 274 00:20:58,958 --> 00:21:02,710 In the yosemite valley on horseback, 275 00:21:02,762 --> 00:21:05,513 They're surrounded by more than just breathtaking views. 276 00:21:08,568 --> 00:21:12,870 Wildlife abounds in the spring. 277 00:21:12,922 --> 00:21:18,643 One of muir's favorite resident creatures is the black bear. 278 00:21:18,695 --> 00:21:21,128 "bears are made of the same dust as we 279 00:21:21,180 --> 00:21:24,498 And breath the same winds and drink the same waters," 280 00:21:24,550 --> 00:21:26,851 Muir wrote. 281 00:21:26,903 --> 00:21:29,553 It's early may when he and roosevelt embark 282 00:21:29,605 --> 00:21:32,473 On their journey, the same time of year 283 00:21:32,525 --> 00:21:34,759 That mothers and cubs emerge from their hibernation. 284 00:21:34,811 --> 00:21:37,595 [whimsical music] 285 00:21:40,750 --> 00:21:43,634 These cubs were born four months ago during the coldest 286 00:21:43,686 --> 00:21:44,518 Part of winter. 287 00:21:47,307 --> 00:21:50,374 After months of hibernation and nursing her cubs, 288 00:21:50,426 --> 00:21:55,396 The sow was in a dazed state called torpor. 289 00:21:55,448 --> 00:21:57,598 Even a bite or two of insect larvae 290 00:21:57,650 --> 00:21:59,467 Are welcome calories for mom. 291 00:22:02,572 --> 00:22:06,140 Her walking around weight is usually 200 pounds, 292 00:22:06,192 --> 00:22:09,894 But during the winter she's dropped 60 of those pounds, 293 00:22:09,946 --> 00:22:13,014 Losing about a third of her body weight during the long rest. 294 00:22:16,502 --> 00:22:20,654 For the 5 pound cubs, this is their first taste of food 295 00:22:20,690 --> 00:22:24,325 Other than mother's milk. 296 00:22:24,377 --> 00:22:27,411 She'll continue to supplement their diet for a few more weeks. 297 00:22:30,283 --> 00:22:33,584 But by early summer, they'll be eating their meals 298 00:22:33,636 --> 00:22:34,919 The same way she does. 299 00:22:34,971 --> 00:22:37,838 [whimsical music] 300 00:22:42,295 --> 00:22:44,462 In may, the black bear in yosemite 301 00:22:44,514 --> 00:22:47,531 Will feed mostly on low nutrient meadow grasses 302 00:22:47,583 --> 00:22:50,251 While they wait for berries and other high calorie foods 303 00:22:50,303 --> 00:22:51,435 To become available. 304 00:22:54,724 --> 00:22:57,792 Over the next eight months, these cubs will double in size 305 00:22:57,844 --> 00:23:01,645 Every two weeks, reaching a weight of 80 pounds 306 00:23:01,697 --> 00:23:02,763 By their first birthday. 307 00:23:08,738 --> 00:23:10,921 Roosevelt said that he was once afraid 308 00:23:10,973 --> 00:23:12,556 Of things like the mighty bear. 309 00:23:15,995 --> 00:23:19,380 But by pretending not to be, his fear went away 310 00:23:19,432 --> 00:23:21,215 And he was able to enjoy the sights 311 00:23:21,267 --> 00:23:22,483 And sounds of the outdoors. 312 00:23:22,535 --> 00:23:25,219 [classical music] 313 00:23:32,845 --> 00:23:35,178 It was no coincidence that he requested 314 00:23:35,180 --> 00:23:38,582 The famed naturalist john muir to be his personal guide 315 00:23:38,634 --> 00:23:39,617 Through yosemite. 316 00:23:42,338 --> 00:23:45,372 But roosevelt's road to becoming an outdoorsman 317 00:23:45,374 --> 00:23:49,076 Was just a small part of a seemingly impossible confluence 318 00:23:49,128 --> 00:23:53,280 Of events that leads to this camping trip, which 319 00:23:53,332 --> 00:23:55,883 Will change america forever. 320 00:24:04,227 --> 00:24:09,079 It's well known that roosevelt was severely asthmatic 321 00:24:09,132 --> 00:24:15,202 And suffered as a young boy growing up in manhattan. 322 00:24:15,254 --> 00:24:17,071 His parents took him to all kinds of doctors 323 00:24:17,123 --> 00:24:19,723 To try to help him. 324 00:24:19,775 --> 00:24:21,792 The first doctor they took him to told them to-- 325 00:24:21,844 --> 00:24:26,030 And this isn't a joke-- but told them to give 326 00:24:26,082 --> 00:24:28,933 The boy a shot of whiskey. 327 00:24:28,985 --> 00:24:31,185 Another suggested that they have their son 328 00:24:31,237 --> 00:24:36,807 Light up a big-- a big fat cigar once or twice a day. 329 00:24:36,859 --> 00:24:41,011 Well, they tried and found that no amount of booze or tobacco 330 00:24:41,063 --> 00:24:42,046 Helped his asthma. 331 00:24:42,098 --> 00:24:45,382 Finally, one doctor suggested that young teddy spend 332 00:24:45,434 --> 00:24:49,386 As much time as he could outside in nature, breathing fresh, 333 00:24:49,438 --> 00:24:51,472 Clean air. 334 00:24:51,524 --> 00:24:54,375 And finally, something worked. 335 00:24:58,714 --> 00:25:02,666 And from that day forward, teddy roosevelt would forever equate 336 00:25:02,718 --> 00:25:06,403 The outdoors with health, and his infatuation 337 00:25:06,455 --> 00:25:11,425 With the wild places of the world begins. 338 00:25:11,444 --> 00:25:12,927 Kevin costner (voiceover): He draws everything 339 00:25:12,979 --> 00:25:15,479 He sees, and memorizes the latin names 340 00:25:15,531 --> 00:25:19,099 Of each species he identifies. 341 00:25:19,151 --> 00:25:21,835 Then, when he's 12, his father becomes 342 00:25:21,888 --> 00:25:25,539 The founder of the american museum of natural history. 343 00:25:25,591 --> 00:25:27,691 Teddy loves it so much, that he decides 344 00:25:27,743 --> 00:25:31,245 To start a competing museum, calling it the roosevelt 345 00:25:31,297 --> 00:25:33,881 Museum of natural history. 346 00:25:33,900 --> 00:25:36,634 It's in his bedroom. 347 00:25:36,686 --> 00:25:40,170 When he's 14, the family takes a trip across africa 348 00:25:40,223 --> 00:25:41,572 And the middle east. 349 00:25:41,624 --> 00:25:44,658 Teddy collects animal specimens. 350 00:25:44,710 --> 00:25:49,129 And when he turns 18, he ships off for harvard university. 351 00:25:51,767 --> 00:25:54,318 Roosevelt spent three of his college summers 352 00:25:54,387 --> 00:25:56,570 In the adirondack mountains, researching 353 00:25:56,622 --> 00:26:00,908 His first book, "the summer-- 354 00:26:00,960 --> 00:26:03,160 The summer birds of the adirondacks." 355 00:26:06,832 --> 00:26:07,631 Four pages. 356 00:26:10,353 --> 00:26:13,404 "bluebird, common near malone. 357 00:26:13,456 --> 00:26:16,590 Golden crowned wren, quite common. 358 00:26:16,642 --> 00:26:20,261 Often heard singing in June. 359 00:26:20,313 --> 00:26:25,299 Chickadee, rather scarce in June." 360 00:26:25,351 --> 00:26:31,171 It's just a-- it's just a list of birds he saw. 361 00:26:31,240 --> 00:26:34,708 Maybe for roosevelt, writing his first book while attending 362 00:26:34,760 --> 00:26:36,744 Harvard was more of a summer vacation 363 00:26:36,796 --> 00:26:40,914 Than a real attempt at literary genius. 364 00:26:40,967 --> 00:26:44,818 But he'd-- he'd grow as a writer. 365 00:26:44,870 --> 00:26:48,822 Something was burning inside this young man, and he was-- 366 00:26:48,874 --> 00:26:50,224 He was destined to. 367 00:26:52,661 --> 00:26:53,827 Kevin costner (voiceover): Roosevelt 368 00:26:53,846 --> 00:27:01,302 Would go on to write 35 books and 155,000 published letters. 369 00:27:01,354 --> 00:27:02,970 Some are about war. 370 00:27:06,959 --> 00:27:08,225 Some about politics. 371 00:27:11,180 --> 00:27:14,064 And the rest, well, most of them are 372 00:27:14,116 --> 00:27:18,268 About his true love, the great outdoors and the animals 373 00:27:18,321 --> 00:27:19,119 That live there. 374 00:27:25,494 --> 00:27:28,078 Roosevelt's first foray into wildlife 375 00:27:28,130 --> 00:27:31,382 May have started with the birds of the adirondacks. 376 00:27:31,434 --> 00:27:33,884 But by the time he visits yosemite, 377 00:27:33,936 --> 00:27:37,037 He's become infatuated with america's big cats-- 378 00:27:40,726 --> 00:27:43,977 So much so, that just a few months before his trip, 379 00:27:44,030 --> 00:27:46,163 He'd been gifted a live mountain lion 380 00:27:46,215 --> 00:27:49,900 By a prominent political supporter. 381 00:27:49,952 --> 00:27:54,421 Don't worry, he never brought it to the white house. 382 00:27:54,473 --> 00:27:56,223 Roosevelt may have hoped to catch 383 00:27:56,275 --> 00:27:57,925 A glimpse of a wild mountain lion 384 00:27:57,977 --> 00:28:00,144 During his time in yosemite. 385 00:28:00,196 --> 00:28:05,232 But you could live here an entire life and never see one. 386 00:28:05,284 --> 00:28:09,920 It's estimated there may only be 18 of them living in the park. 387 00:28:09,972 --> 00:28:13,173 That translates to one every 65 square miles. 388 00:28:17,763 --> 00:28:20,230 But those who do exist in the sierra region 389 00:28:20,282 --> 00:28:23,083 Earn their place at the top of the mountainous food chain. 390 00:28:25,738 --> 00:28:29,056 A mountain lion on the hunt can travel 12 miles a day 391 00:28:29,108 --> 00:28:34,878 In search of a meal, traversing many terrains, 392 00:28:34,930 --> 00:28:38,098 Including the highest heights for the rarest of prey. 393 00:28:42,405 --> 00:28:45,606 The sierra bighorn sheep ranks highest among the animal 394 00:28:45,658 --> 00:28:48,792 Mountaineers of yosemite. 395 00:28:48,844 --> 00:28:52,362 "possessed of keen sight and scent and strong limbs, 396 00:28:52,415 --> 00:28:55,749 He dwells secure among the loftiest summits. 397 00:28:55,801 --> 00:28:59,503 Leaping unscathed from crag to crag, up and down 398 00:28:59,555 --> 00:29:02,423 The fronts of giddy precipices. 399 00:29:02,475 --> 00:29:06,610 Crossing foamy torrents of slopes of frozen snow exposed 400 00:29:06,662 --> 00:29:09,830 To the wildest storms, yet maintaining a brave, 401 00:29:09,882 --> 00:29:12,433 Warm life and developing from generation 402 00:29:12,485 --> 00:29:16,303 To generation in perfect strength and beauty." 403 00:29:16,355 --> 00:29:21,692 John muir, 1894. 404 00:29:21,744 --> 00:29:26,213 With more than 300,000 years of adaptation, 405 00:29:26,265 --> 00:29:29,600 That's three ice ages of survival in the sierra nevada. 406 00:29:33,589 --> 00:29:39,009 The bighorn sheep has acclimated to the most severe terrains. 407 00:29:39,061 --> 00:29:44,598 And the habitat they call home is their primary defense 408 00:29:44,650 --> 00:29:45,716 Against predators. 409 00:29:51,290 --> 00:29:54,925 And it generally works against all but one-- 410 00:29:58,247 --> 00:29:59,196 This lioness. 411 00:30:02,117 --> 00:30:06,053 The elusive big cat is collared and monitored by park rangers 412 00:30:06,105 --> 00:30:09,273 To help ensure they remain viable in the ecosystem. 413 00:30:14,663 --> 00:30:17,881 This feast could last for a week, if she's dining alone. 414 00:30:22,738 --> 00:30:27,491 But this mother has her babies' mouths to feed. 415 00:30:27,543 --> 00:30:31,728 Mom trains them between her hunts every few days. 416 00:30:31,780 --> 00:30:34,998 And when she goes back on the hunt, 417 00:30:35,050 --> 00:30:37,551 Leaving them in their hidden den, 418 00:30:37,603 --> 00:30:39,336 The cubs sharpen their skills. 419 00:30:44,243 --> 00:30:47,311 These mountain lion cubs were only born a couple months 420 00:30:47,363 --> 00:30:49,563 Ago at the tail end of winter. 421 00:30:52,151 --> 00:30:56,420 And despite their instincts, the road 422 00:30:56,472 --> 00:31:00,224 Seems long over the next year to making it on their own 423 00:31:00,276 --> 00:31:01,658 As an apex predator. 424 00:31:05,981 --> 00:31:10,050 By the looks of it, it's going to be a very long summer. 425 00:31:22,047 --> 00:31:24,915 Whether teddy roosevelt and john muir were lucky enough 426 00:31:24,967 --> 00:31:29,803 To catch a glimpse of a big cat during their trip in yosemite, 427 00:31:29,855 --> 00:31:32,322 We'll never know. 428 00:31:32,358 --> 00:31:35,409 Everything we do know is pulled from a journal here, 429 00:31:35,461 --> 00:31:41,715 A letter there, or short passage in roosevelt's autobiography. 430 00:31:41,767 --> 00:31:44,067 Small fragments for us to piece together 431 00:31:44,119 --> 00:31:45,886 The rest with our imaginations. 432 00:31:50,893 --> 00:31:54,011 One thing we do know is that after their first day and night 433 00:31:54,063 --> 00:31:57,614 Camping underneath the towering sequoias, 434 00:31:57,666 --> 00:32:00,083 Roosevelt and muir spent much of day two 435 00:32:00,135 --> 00:32:01,868 Following along the merced river. 436 00:32:05,807 --> 00:32:10,210 It is truly the lifeblood of yosemite. 437 00:32:10,262 --> 00:32:15,849 For the animals who live here, a constant source of fresh water. 438 00:32:15,901 --> 00:32:19,219 For the 3.5 million people who visit each year, 439 00:32:19,271 --> 00:32:21,622 It's a source of entertainment and sport. 440 00:32:29,064 --> 00:32:34,167 But this river is actually what formed the entire landscape-- 441 00:32:34,219 --> 00:32:36,453 50 million years in the making. 442 00:32:40,859 --> 00:32:46,880 Humans-- we operate in years, decades. 443 00:32:49,902 --> 00:32:52,719 Even a century can be a daunting frame of reference 444 00:32:52,771 --> 00:32:53,987 To wrap our heads around. 445 00:32:58,927 --> 00:33:02,129 Trying to conceptualize 50 million years in time 446 00:33:02,181 --> 00:33:05,899 Is, well, maybe it's a bit like trying to teach 447 00:33:05,951 --> 00:33:07,617 Calculus to a bumblebee. 448 00:33:11,473 --> 00:33:16,209 But 50 million years ago, the river was slow-moving, 449 00:33:16,261 --> 00:33:17,661 Even still at times. 450 00:33:22,501 --> 00:33:25,902 Yosemite looked like this-- 451 00:33:25,954 --> 00:33:32,325 No mountains, no granite cliffs, just grasslands 452 00:33:32,378 --> 00:33:33,777 And gently rolling hills. 453 00:33:36,915 --> 00:33:40,701 Then a 10 million-year-long period of tectonic activity 454 00:33:40,753 --> 00:33:43,637 Deep below the surface threw everything into upheaval. 455 00:33:50,012 --> 00:33:52,562 As the pacific plate slid underneath the north 456 00:33:52,614 --> 00:33:55,749 American plate, it melted into magma 457 00:33:55,801 --> 00:33:57,117 Under the immense pressure. 458 00:34:05,527 --> 00:34:08,628 As that magma rose to the surface and cooled, 459 00:34:08,680 --> 00:34:10,747 It turned into the massive blocks 460 00:34:10,799 --> 00:34:13,600 Of granite that eventually punched through the surface. 461 00:34:20,993 --> 00:34:23,276 These granite blocks that were once sediment 462 00:34:23,328 --> 00:34:26,763 Under the pacific ocean now give yosemite 463 00:34:26,815 --> 00:34:30,333 Its signature peaks and domes. 464 00:34:30,385 --> 00:34:32,969 And over the course of millions of years, 465 00:34:33,021 --> 00:34:38,041 The entirety of yosemite tilted dramatically to the west. 466 00:34:38,093 --> 00:34:44,498 As it did, the merced river now had gravity on its side, 467 00:34:44,550 --> 00:34:49,870 And the force of the water grew and grew as it moved from higher 468 00:34:49,922 --> 00:34:53,190 To lower elevations. 469 00:34:53,242 --> 00:34:56,810 Now the merced was a force to be reckoned with. 470 00:35:00,365 --> 00:35:03,567 And it would spend the next three million years carving 471 00:35:03,619 --> 00:35:07,671 Through the newly formed mountains, 472 00:35:07,723 --> 00:35:14,795 Burrowing 3,000 feet into the rock and creating 473 00:35:14,847 --> 00:35:16,630 A canyon seven miles long. 474 00:35:21,270 --> 00:35:25,455 Then, 250,000 years ago, glaciers moved through 475 00:35:25,507 --> 00:35:27,858 The canyon, widening and deepening 476 00:35:27,910 --> 00:35:30,477 The trail that the merced river had already blazed. 477 00:35:43,108 --> 00:35:46,977 You know, there's not exactly a map with 478 00:35:47,029 --> 00:35:48,578 An "x marks the spot on it." 479 00:35:48,630 --> 00:35:51,748 But what we-- what we do know about that camping 480 00:35:51,800 --> 00:35:54,885 Trip between roosevelt and muir was that everything 481 00:35:54,937 --> 00:35:56,336 We could piece together either came 482 00:35:56,388 --> 00:36:00,724 From articles from the newspaper or quotes from roosevelt 483 00:36:00,776 --> 00:36:02,659 Himself. 484 00:36:02,694 --> 00:36:04,744 You know, they didn't have a bunch of guys 485 00:36:04,796 --> 00:36:07,631 With cameras following around. 486 00:36:07,683 --> 00:36:09,633 But the one yosemite ranger who did 487 00:36:09,685 --> 00:36:14,171 Decide to accompany them, well, he wrote a few pages 488 00:36:14,223 --> 00:36:16,556 Of his recollection. 489 00:36:16,608 --> 00:36:21,711 Said they made camp just past the falls, 490 00:36:21,763 --> 00:36:24,781 Somewhere not far off the banks of the merced. 491 00:36:24,833 --> 00:36:28,735 So I'd say-- 492 00:36:28,787 --> 00:36:32,689 I say, yeah, I think we're somewhere in the ballpark. 493 00:36:32,741 --> 00:36:34,658 Kevin costner (voiceover): He also said that the night they 494 00:36:34,710 --> 00:36:37,494 Camped here, roosevelt said to him, 495 00:36:37,546 --> 00:36:39,529 "charlie, I'm hungry as hell. 496 00:36:39,581 --> 00:36:41,681 Cook any damn thing you wish. 497 00:36:41,733 --> 00:36:44,050 How long will it take?" 498 00:36:44,102 --> 00:36:46,519 When charlie tells him a half hour, 499 00:36:46,572 --> 00:36:48,872 Roosevelt lies down on a blanket, 500 00:36:48,924 --> 00:36:52,626 Falls asleep, and starts snoring so loudly that you can hear him 501 00:36:52,678 --> 00:36:55,629 Over the crackling of the fire. 502 00:36:55,681 --> 00:36:58,865 The next day, roosevelt wakes up a new man. 503 00:36:58,917 --> 00:37:02,202 Says he's never felt better in his life. 504 00:37:02,254 --> 00:37:07,524 The crisp mountain air gives the president a new lease on life. 505 00:37:07,576 --> 00:37:10,894 He later speaks rapturously to anyone who will listen 506 00:37:10,946 --> 00:37:14,064 About the wonder of yosemite, saying 507 00:37:14,116 --> 00:37:16,466 He had no idea of the sublime scenery 508 00:37:16,518 --> 00:37:19,953 And the magnitude of the force before. 509 00:37:20,005 --> 00:37:24,374 And that no tale of the west, however marvelous it might be, 510 00:37:24,426 --> 00:37:26,059 Can now astonish him. 511 00:37:31,049 --> 00:37:33,400 You know, I think-- 512 00:37:33,452 --> 00:37:36,002 I think I'm going to take a walk before that sun gets 513 00:37:36,054 --> 00:37:36,803 Over the mountain. 514 00:37:36,855 --> 00:37:41,391 You guys are welcome to come, but you might want a coat. 515 00:37:46,498 --> 00:37:47,881 Kevin costner (voiceover): Roosevelt's trip 516 00:37:47,933 --> 00:37:51,084 Through yosemite couldn't have come at a better time. 517 00:37:51,136 --> 00:37:57,991 He was exhausted, depleted, on the tail end 518 00:37:58,043 --> 00:37:59,826 Of an epic whistle-stop tour. 519 00:38:09,321 --> 00:38:17,877 The tour spanned nine weeks, 25 states, and over 14,000 miles. 520 00:38:17,929 --> 00:38:21,298 And it was all part of the sequence of events that brought 521 00:38:21,350 --> 00:38:23,867 Roosevelt and muir together-- 522 00:38:23,919 --> 00:38:30,190 The right people at the right place at the right time. 523 00:38:30,242 --> 00:38:32,525 Tr will soon be up for re-election, 524 00:38:32,577 --> 00:38:35,395 And he's drumming up support for the republican party 525 00:38:35,447 --> 00:38:37,797 All across the united states. 526 00:38:37,849 --> 00:38:41,067 Roosevelt is the incumbent, but he's never been 527 00:38:41,119 --> 00:38:45,372 Elected by the american people. 528 00:38:45,424 --> 00:38:49,259 Roosevelt had only taken office after president william mckinley 529 00:38:49,311 --> 00:38:53,313 Was assassinated by a lunatic in buffalo, new york, 530 00:38:53,365 --> 00:38:55,682 Just six months into his second term. 531 00:38:59,154 --> 00:39:02,756 At just 42 years old, roosevelt becomes the youngest 532 00:39:02,808 --> 00:39:04,424 President in american history. 533 00:39:08,330 --> 00:39:11,431 So with an election right around the corner, 534 00:39:11,483 --> 00:39:16,519 Why from a campaign trail to disappear into the wilderness? 535 00:39:19,474 --> 00:39:21,541 What kind of politician would risk 536 00:39:21,593 --> 00:39:24,911 Losing an election in exchange for sleeping on a blanket 537 00:39:24,963 --> 00:39:25,945 Underneath the stars? 538 00:39:30,185 --> 00:39:35,188 Well, teddy roosevelt is no ordinary politician. 539 00:39:35,240 --> 00:39:37,540 He was forged in a very different fire. 540 00:39:40,612 --> 00:39:43,246 Born into a wealthy family that's part of the new york's 541 00:39:43,298 --> 00:39:48,484 Long-standing dutch aristocracy, he's just 23 years old 542 00:39:48,487 --> 00:39:51,071 When he starts his political career as a state 543 00:39:51,123 --> 00:39:54,023 Legislator in new york. 544 00:39:54,076 --> 00:39:55,909 It was during this time that he makes 545 00:39:55,961 --> 00:39:58,311 His first trip to the dakota territories 546 00:39:58,363 --> 00:40:01,648 For a two-week bison hunt. 547 00:40:01,700 --> 00:40:04,150 By the end of his trip, he's fallen in love. 548 00:40:06,922 --> 00:40:10,123 He immediately invests in a ranch and buys 1,000 head 549 00:40:10,175 --> 00:40:13,543 Of cattle, and builds a small cabin along the banks 550 00:40:13,595 --> 00:40:14,861 Of the little mississippi. 551 00:40:17,766 --> 00:40:20,717 After his mother and his wife both tragically die 552 00:40:20,769 --> 00:40:27,357 On the same day in the same house in 1884, 553 00:40:27,409 --> 00:40:31,111 A distraught roosevelt abandons politics and retreats 554 00:40:31,163 --> 00:40:33,563 Back to the dakotas. 555 00:40:33,615 --> 00:40:35,715 He becomes a local sheriff, and spends 556 00:40:35,767 --> 00:40:37,350 His day tending to his herd. 557 00:40:40,489 --> 00:40:44,224 He says that the romance of his life began here, 558 00:40:44,276 --> 00:40:46,826 And that the rugged integrity of the terrain 559 00:40:46,878 --> 00:40:50,079 And the people in the dakotas took the snob out of him. 560 00:40:56,771 --> 00:40:59,706 There is no room for snobs during the notorious winter 561 00:40:59,758 --> 00:41:01,841 Of 1886. 562 00:41:01,893 --> 00:41:06,129 A raging November storm brings daily temperatures of -40 563 00:41:06,181 --> 00:41:10,967 Degrees fahrenheit, windchill not included, 564 00:41:11,019 --> 00:41:13,069 And the winter never relents. 565 00:41:13,121 --> 00:41:15,221 It snows so much that animals had 566 00:41:15,273 --> 00:41:17,423 To climb the drifts to graze. 567 00:41:17,476 --> 00:41:20,910 Their frozen carcasses were found hanging from high limbs 568 00:41:20,996 --> 00:41:24,664 Like ornaments on a macabre christmas tree. 569 00:41:24,716 --> 00:41:30,053 70% of all cattle in the dakotas and montana die that winter. 570 00:41:30,105 --> 00:41:33,940 Roosevelt toughs it out in his little cabin, 571 00:41:33,992 --> 00:41:38,294 Doing whatever he can try to save his herd. 572 00:41:38,346 --> 00:41:42,365 But in the end, fighting the force of mother nature 573 00:41:42,417 --> 00:41:44,133 Is a losing battle. 574 00:41:44,186 --> 00:41:47,937 His herd is decimated and his investment in the dakotas 575 00:41:47,989 --> 00:41:49,722 Is lost. 576 00:41:49,774 --> 00:41:53,443 But still, just 28 years old, roosevelt 577 00:41:53,495 --> 00:41:55,628 Emerges a hardened man. 578 00:41:55,680 --> 00:42:00,984 Neither the elements nor tragedy can faze him any longer. 579 00:42:12,297 --> 00:42:20,353 Winter in yosemite can rival the dreaded storms of 1886. 580 00:42:20,405 --> 00:42:24,691 In 2023, new records were set, with 40 581 00:42:24,743 --> 00:42:30,797 Inches of snow in a single day and accumulations up to 15 feet. 582 00:42:33,435 --> 00:42:36,703 And a new record low temperature of -22 583 00:42:36,755 --> 00:42:39,188 Caused the famous falls to freeze solid. 584 00:42:42,627 --> 00:42:44,677 On the second day of roosevelt and muir's 585 00:42:44,729 --> 00:42:48,948 Camping trip through yosemite, this is exactly what happened. 586 00:42:51,636 --> 00:42:54,353 After several weeks of pristine weather, 587 00:42:54,355 --> 00:42:56,889 A blinding snowstorm hits yosemite. 588 00:43:00,011 --> 00:43:02,395 By this time, the entirety of america 589 00:43:02,480 --> 00:43:05,881 Has become fascinated with the story of their rogue president 590 00:43:05,883 --> 00:43:10,803 Disappearing into the wilderness, 591 00:43:10,855 --> 00:43:13,640 And news of the snowy conditions quickly spreads. 592 00:43:17,262 --> 00:43:24,834 A wire report comes out early that afternoon, 593 00:43:24,886 --> 00:43:28,137 And the general public becomes concerned about their leader. 594 00:43:40,535 --> 00:43:45,104 You know, the thought of the president of the united states 595 00:43:45,156 --> 00:43:48,524 Riding a horse through 14-feet of snow, I mean, 596 00:43:48,576 --> 00:43:51,093 It's just hard to imagine how americans 597 00:43:51,095 --> 00:43:53,246 Would react to that today. 598 00:43:53,298 --> 00:43:56,249 And it'd be even harder to hear the next wire report that got 599 00:43:56,301 --> 00:43:58,735 The people really worried, telling them 600 00:43:58,787 --> 00:44:02,605 That president roosevelt has not been heard from today. 601 00:44:02,657 --> 00:44:05,158 I mean, think about that. 602 00:44:05,210 --> 00:44:07,860 Try and picture it. 603 00:44:07,912 --> 00:44:12,231 Now, it's-- it's possible that this disappearing act was 604 00:44:12,283 --> 00:44:15,168 Actually a brilliant publicity stunt orchestrated 605 00:44:15,220 --> 00:44:16,986 By president roosevelt himself. 606 00:44:17,038 --> 00:44:20,340 I mean, we'll probably never know, 607 00:44:20,392 --> 00:44:22,992 But I don't think so myself. 608 00:44:23,044 --> 00:44:27,363 But the american public, they ate it right up. 609 00:44:27,415 --> 00:44:33,336 It was pure teddy roosevelt. 610 00:44:33,388 --> 00:44:35,371 Kevin costner (voiceover): It's known that roosevelt and muir 611 00:44:35,423 --> 00:44:39,092 Are headed for glacier point. 612 00:44:39,144 --> 00:44:43,296 At an elevation of 7,200-feet, the whiteout 613 00:44:43,348 --> 00:44:46,115 Conditions would stop most rational men from 614 00:44:46,167 --> 00:44:48,134 Continuing up the mountain. 615 00:44:48,203 --> 00:44:51,003 But one journalist at "the san francisco chronicle" 616 00:44:51,056 --> 00:44:56,092 Has a solid grip on the man the president truly is, writing, 617 00:44:56,144 --> 00:44:58,461 "some in his party say that this is just 618 00:44:58,513 --> 00:45:01,197 The kind of trip he'll enjoy. 619 00:45:01,266 --> 00:45:03,466 Severe weather cannot frighten him." 620 00:45:07,455 --> 00:45:10,406 After a full day of riding through deep snow, 621 00:45:10,458 --> 00:45:13,025 Stopping now and then to let their tired horses 622 00:45:13,078 --> 00:45:18,081 Rest before plunging through another drift, 623 00:45:18,133 --> 00:45:20,299 Roosevelt and muir reached their campsite. 624 00:45:26,124 --> 00:45:27,757 "a snowstorm came on. 625 00:45:27,809 --> 00:45:30,510 And at night we camped on the edge of yosemite, 626 00:45:30,562 --> 00:45:33,780 Under the branches of a magnificent silver fir. 627 00:45:33,832 --> 00:45:39,352 And very warm and comfortable we were," roosevelt later wrote. 628 00:45:39,404 --> 00:45:42,905 They had covered 35 miles of rugged terrain, 629 00:45:42,957 --> 00:45:44,791 And it was time for roosevelt and muir 630 00:45:44,843 --> 00:45:46,275 To finally get down to business. 631 00:45:49,130 --> 00:45:52,615 Huddled by the fire that night, as five more 632 00:45:52,667 --> 00:45:58,020 Inches of snow fall, they spent hours in spirited conversation. 633 00:46:01,059 --> 00:46:04,160 They talked a great deal about the conservation of forests 634 00:46:04,212 --> 00:46:07,513 In general, and particularly in yosemite. 635 00:46:07,565 --> 00:46:11,067 But they also talked about the setting aside of wild areas 636 00:46:11,119 --> 00:46:12,034 In the united states. 637 00:46:18,960 --> 00:46:23,379 Roosevelt is impassioned by their time in the wilderness. 638 00:46:23,431 --> 00:46:25,898 Maybe their exhilarating day in the snowdrifts 639 00:46:25,950 --> 00:46:29,836 Reminds him of his younger years spent in the dakota territories. 640 00:46:33,107 --> 00:46:35,641 But something about the conversation with muir 641 00:46:35,693 --> 00:46:38,795 On that snowy night injects a ferocious energy 642 00:46:38,847 --> 00:46:42,148 Into the president. 643 00:46:42,200 --> 00:46:45,935 The ranger who guided them later reports that the only difficulty 644 00:46:45,987 --> 00:46:49,722 With the conversation was that the energy was so frenetic, 645 00:46:49,774 --> 00:46:52,341 That both men were so excited that they 646 00:46:52,393 --> 00:46:54,410 Simply couldn't help but talk over 647 00:46:54,462 --> 00:46:55,945 Each other the entire night. 648 00:47:07,509 --> 00:47:11,210 When roosevelt finally returns to his eagerly awaiting party, 649 00:47:11,262 --> 00:47:14,463 He announces, "this is one day of my life, 650 00:47:14,516 --> 00:47:19,302 And one I will always remember with pleasure. 651 00:47:19,354 --> 00:47:22,488 Just think of where I was last night. 652 00:47:22,557 --> 00:47:25,825 Up there amid the pines and silver firs in the sierra, 653 00:47:25,877 --> 00:47:28,194 In solitude. 654 00:47:28,246 --> 00:47:29,879 In a snowstorm, too. 655 00:47:29,931 --> 00:47:33,349 And without a tent, I passed one of the most 656 00:47:33,401 --> 00:47:35,001 Pleasant nights of my life." 657 00:47:38,756 --> 00:47:41,941 I've never known how to make sense of this story. 658 00:47:41,993 --> 00:47:44,977 But I know one thing-- that's the good part of the story. 659 00:47:45,029 --> 00:47:49,298 There's another part of the story that ended tragically, 660 00:47:49,350 --> 00:47:53,853 And I'm not afraid to tell it. 661 00:47:53,905 --> 00:47:58,124 In the coming episodes, roosevelt and muir 662 00:47:58,176 --> 00:48:00,042 Hatch a cunning plan. 663 00:48:00,094 --> 00:48:02,261 It gave the president himself enormous power 664 00:48:02,313 --> 00:48:05,031 To deem an area of land protected by federal law 665 00:48:05,083 --> 00:48:08,901 Without it needing to pass through congress or the senate. 666 00:48:08,953 --> 00:48:11,003 Kevin costner (voiceover): And we go back to the very beginning 667 00:48:11,055 --> 00:48:15,358 Of the yosemite story, when the sounds of bloody battle cries 668 00:48:15,410 --> 00:48:20,129 And gunfire echo from the canyon walls. 669 00:48:20,181 --> 00:48:22,415 It was a piece of paper that said, "wipe them 670 00:48:22,467 --> 00:48:24,233 Out if they get in your way." 671 00:48:24,285 --> 00:48:27,637 [music playing] 54854

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