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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,560 This programme contains very strong language and some scenes of a sexual nature 2 00:00:07,560 --> 00:00:09,840 BIRDS CHIRP ORCHESTRAL MUSIC SWELLS 3 00:00:09,840 --> 00:00:12,560 Have you ever looked around at the limitless majesty 4 00:00:12,560 --> 00:00:14,400 of creation and wondered? 5 00:00:14,400 --> 00:00:18,640 Wondered what all these forests, valleys, mountains and puddles 6 00:00:18,640 --> 00:00:20,360 are actually for? 7 00:00:20,360 --> 00:00:24,000 Wondered how many buildings were knocked down to make way for them? 8 00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:26,440 And who granted the planning permission? 9 00:00:26,440 --> 00:00:29,600 Wondered about all the incredible yet musky animals 10 00:00:29,600 --> 00:00:31,360 we share our planet with? 11 00:00:31,360 --> 00:00:32,920 What's up with them? 12 00:00:32,920 --> 00:00:36,160 From pointless ants to long-necked horse monsters, 13 00:00:36,160 --> 00:00:40,240 from repugnant wombats to beautiful elephants, 14 00:00:40,240 --> 00:00:42,280 what do the creatures want? 15 00:00:42,280 --> 00:00:44,880 And why do they refuse to tell us? 16 00:00:46,120 --> 00:00:49,960 And then, of course, there's us, humanit-kind. 17 00:00:49,960 --> 00:00:52,320 Have you ever wondered how we got here? 18 00:00:52,320 --> 00:00:53,800 Wondered where we're going? 19 00:00:53,800 --> 00:00:56,520 Wondered about the biggest mystery of all - 20 00:00:56,520 --> 00:00:58,720 what is the meaning of life? 21 00:00:58,720 --> 00:01:01,440 Well, I haven't, but others have. 22 00:01:01,440 --> 00:01:05,080 For thousands of years, thinkers, artists, authors 23 00:01:05,080 --> 00:01:09,240 and my aunt Carol have struggled to define humankind's purpose. 24 00:01:09,240 --> 00:01:12,320 Is life's meaning a riddle that even can be answered? 25 00:01:12,320 --> 00:01:17,240 And if so, should we listen or cover our ears to avoid spoilers? 26 00:01:17,240 --> 00:01:20,880 In this landmark documentary special, I'll travel the globe 27 00:01:20,880 --> 00:01:24,320 to walk in slow motion through picturesque locations, 28 00:01:24,320 --> 00:01:28,480 get up close to some of the most significant molecules in existence 29 00:01:28,480 --> 00:01:32,640 and meet a variety of academics, experts and professional mammals 30 00:01:32,640 --> 00:01:36,720 to ask some of the most significant questions you can say with a mouth. 31 00:01:36,720 --> 00:01:37,840 Hello, who are you? 32 00:01:37,840 --> 00:01:40,480 I'm Brian Cox, professor of particle physics 33 00:01:40,480 --> 00:01:41,840 at the University of Manchester. 34 00:01:41,840 --> 00:01:44,600 Can I call you Brian, or do you prefer Cox? 35 00:01:44,600 --> 00:01:49,480 So join me, Philomena Cunk, as I uncover the point of it all. 36 00:01:49,480 --> 00:01:52,360 This is Cunk On Life! 37 00:01:52,360 --> 00:01:54,400 ORCHESTRAL MUSIC SWELLS 38 00:02:06,040 --> 00:02:08,680 Welcome to our universe, 39 00:02:08,680 --> 00:02:12,640 a limitless expanse peppered with stars, planets 40 00:02:12,640 --> 00:02:14,960 and assorted space muck. 41 00:02:14,960 --> 00:02:17,200 It's where you live. 42 00:02:17,200 --> 00:02:20,560 In fact, you're somewhere in this photo, 43 00:02:20,560 --> 00:02:24,600 but we don't know where because the universe is so vast, 44 00:02:24,600 --> 00:02:27,960 we simply can't make you out, even with YOUR ears. 45 00:02:31,120 --> 00:02:36,280 Gazing into this infinite tapestry makes us ask questions not 46 00:02:36,280 --> 00:02:40,480 just about where the ceiling's gone, but deep questions that strike 47 00:02:40,480 --> 00:02:43,240 at the very core of our arseholes. 48 00:02:43,240 --> 00:02:45,920 Questions like, how did it get here? 49 00:02:50,960 --> 00:02:52,400 Who are you? 50 00:02:52,400 --> 00:02:56,200 I'm Douglas Hedley, and I teach the philosophy of religion 51 00:02:56,200 --> 00:02:58,040 at the University of Cambridge. 52 00:02:58,040 --> 00:03:00,800 So...why are we here? 53 00:03:00,800 --> 00:03:04,720 You mean why human beings exist? 54 00:03:04,720 --> 00:03:08,960 No. I mean why are we here in... Is this near your house or something? 55 00:03:08,960 --> 00:03:10,320 No. 56 00:03:10,320 --> 00:03:13,120 It took me 90 minutes to get here on the Piccadilly line. 57 00:03:14,680 --> 00:03:17,960 There are countless theories about how the universe got here, 58 00:03:17,960 --> 00:03:22,880 and the earliest one comes from the wacky world of religion. 59 00:03:22,880 --> 00:03:24,680 This is the good Old Testament, 60 00:03:24,680 --> 00:03:28,080 the first entry in the Christian cinematic universe. 61 00:03:28,080 --> 00:03:29,840 Jesus isn't in this one. 62 00:03:29,840 --> 00:03:32,360 It's mainly about his bad-tempered dad, 63 00:03:32,360 --> 00:03:36,200 a man so mysterious we still only know him by his stage name, 64 00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:37,800 God. 65 00:03:37,800 --> 00:03:40,760 Um, I'm going to go straight in at the deep end. 66 00:03:40,760 --> 00:03:42,320 Is there a God? 67 00:03:42,320 --> 00:03:43,680 Yes. 68 00:03:43,680 --> 00:03:45,240 Oh, that was quick. 69 00:03:45,240 --> 00:03:46,400 Mm. 70 00:03:46,400 --> 00:03:47,840 Great. 71 00:03:47,840 --> 00:03:49,640 Um, has anyone proved it? 72 00:03:51,200 --> 00:03:54,080 No, except to their own satisfaction. 73 00:03:54,080 --> 00:03:56,680 Does God have a brother called Simon? 74 00:03:56,680 --> 00:03:58,040 No. 75 00:03:58,040 --> 00:04:00,640 But they can't prove that either so he might have. 76 00:04:00,640 --> 00:04:03,920 The universe could have been created by Simon. 77 00:04:03,920 --> 00:04:09,120 The Old Testament claims God - and/or Simon - created our universe 78 00:04:09,120 --> 00:04:11,040 in just seven days. 79 00:04:11,040 --> 00:04:14,720 It sounds like a lot to achieve in such a short space of time but, 80 00:04:14,720 --> 00:04:19,520 unlike us, God wasn't constantly interrupted by iPhone notifications. 81 00:04:19,520 --> 00:04:22,440 God started by saying, "Let there be light." 82 00:04:22,440 --> 00:04:26,040 Which makes sense because he needed to be able to see what he was doing. 83 00:04:26,040 --> 00:04:27,800 Then he divided light from dark, 84 00:04:27,800 --> 00:04:30,240 like I do when I'm doing a clothes wash. 85 00:04:30,240 --> 00:04:33,520 Next, he created the firmament, whatever that is, 86 00:04:33,520 --> 00:04:35,680 and the oceans and the stars. 87 00:04:35,680 --> 00:04:39,360 For his next trick, God filled the oceans with water animals, 88 00:04:39,360 --> 00:04:41,640 or fish as they're sometimes known, 89 00:04:41,640 --> 00:04:44,880 and the heavens with sky beasts, or birds. 90 00:04:44,880 --> 00:04:48,720 Then he infested the earth with insects, reptiles, mammals, 91 00:04:48,720 --> 00:04:51,240 and whatever category of things slugs are. 92 00:04:51,240 --> 00:04:54,360 And, finally, for his crowning achievement, 93 00:04:54,360 --> 00:04:57,920 he created perhaps the only thing worth celebrating - 94 00:04:57,920 --> 00:04:59,200 us. 95 00:05:00,320 --> 00:05:03,560 Here on the planet of Italy is the Sistine Chapel. 96 00:05:03,560 --> 00:05:07,480 Inside it is an astonishing collection of images created 97 00:05:07,480 --> 00:05:12,200 by overachieving painter-decorator Michael AN Gelo. 98 00:05:12,200 --> 00:05:15,280 This artwork took him four years to complete, 99 00:05:15,280 --> 00:05:19,240 ruining a perfectly good ceiling in the process. 100 00:05:19,240 --> 00:05:23,320 But whatever you think of it, what it depicts is momentous - 101 00:05:23,320 --> 00:05:27,200 the moment God created life by jizzing us out of his hands. 102 00:05:28,480 --> 00:05:32,400 This image of the most significant fingerbang in history has inspired 103 00:05:32,400 --> 00:05:35,280 visitors to the Sistine Chapel for many centuries, 104 00:05:35,280 --> 00:05:38,520 and visitors to this replica for less time than that. 105 00:05:39,800 --> 00:05:43,240 It's perhaps the greatest masterpiece in all of art, 106 00:05:43,240 --> 00:05:45,480 but also the most annoying to look at. 107 00:05:45,480 --> 00:05:48,720 When I gaze up at it, I'm struck by a sense of wonder, 108 00:05:48,720 --> 00:05:50,680 but mainly by a crick in my neck. 109 00:05:51,960 --> 00:05:55,160 When Michelangelo painted the Sistine Chapel, 110 00:05:55,160 --> 00:05:58,680 did he start on the floor and then they flipped the building over? 111 00:05:58,680 --> 00:06:01,160 Or was it always on the ceiling? 112 00:06:01,160 --> 00:06:03,600 The painting was always on the ceiling. 113 00:06:03,600 --> 00:06:05,320 It's quite high up, isn't it? 114 00:06:05,320 --> 00:06:08,680 Did Michelangelo use a really long brush, 115 00:06:08,680 --> 00:06:11,000 or did he have really long arms? 116 00:06:11,000 --> 00:06:15,120 Um, well, he had to stand up on top of some scaffolding 117 00:06:15,120 --> 00:06:17,040 and bend his head backwards. 118 00:06:17,040 --> 00:06:20,120 Wouldn't paint drip down into his eyes when he was doing it? 119 00:06:20,120 --> 00:06:23,640 Yeah. I bet he was blinking the whole time sort of like.... 120 00:06:23,640 --> 00:06:25,520 Like that. He doesn't complain about that, 121 00:06:25,520 --> 00:06:27,000 but he must have done. 122 00:06:27,000 --> 00:06:29,680 However he did it, painting the Sistine Chapel must have been 123 00:06:29,680 --> 00:06:31,440 a great upper body workout. 124 00:06:31,440 --> 00:06:33,640 How strong were Michelangelo's arms? 125 00:06:33,640 --> 00:06:37,920 Like, if a mad priest had leapt on his back while he was painting it, 126 00:06:37,920 --> 00:06:41,440 would he have been able to reach around and pull him off? 127 00:06:41,440 --> 00:06:43,560 Oh, yeah, I think so. 128 00:06:43,560 --> 00:06:47,160 I think Michelangelo was quite muscular. He must have been. Mm. 129 00:06:47,160 --> 00:06:49,240 Or if he wasn't... So he could really yank him off! 130 00:06:49,240 --> 00:06:51,560 I think he could have done, yeah. 131 00:06:51,560 --> 00:06:54,200 The man God's creating here is called Adam. 132 00:06:54,200 --> 00:06:58,040 He's one half of the first celebrity couple, Adam and Eve, 133 00:06:58,040 --> 00:07:01,760 played here by actors who happily signed a nudity waiver. 134 00:07:01,760 --> 00:07:04,200 Of course, the real Adam and Eve wouldn't have had tattoos 135 00:07:04,200 --> 00:07:06,040 we'd have to paint over 136 00:07:06,040 --> 00:07:08,680 or intimate piercings we'd have to ask them to take out 137 00:07:08,680 --> 00:07:11,360 and hand to our researcher for safekeeping. 138 00:07:11,360 --> 00:07:14,480 We've pixelated the offensive parts of their bodies, 139 00:07:14,480 --> 00:07:17,480 a technology that wasn't available in Old Testament times, 140 00:07:17,480 --> 00:07:21,960 which is why I can see everything, even though I don't really want to. 141 00:07:21,960 --> 00:07:25,520 Adam and Eve weren't just the first humans to exist, 142 00:07:25,520 --> 00:07:28,400 but the first humans to disappoint their dad. 143 00:07:28,400 --> 00:07:30,280 God had hidden the secret of knowledge 144 00:07:30,280 --> 00:07:32,240 inside a delicious-looking fruit, 145 00:07:32,240 --> 00:07:35,000 and then forbidden them to eat it for some fucking reason. 146 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:36,760 But eat it they did. 147 00:07:36,760 --> 00:07:41,400 An early example of an Apple product hastening the downfall of humankind. 148 00:07:41,400 --> 00:07:43,960 This was the original sin, 149 00:07:43,960 --> 00:07:48,200 and ever since, all humans have been considered sinful. 150 00:07:54,280 --> 00:07:56,720 Sinners worry God might punish them, 151 00:07:56,720 --> 00:07:58,480 but what about you? 152 00:08:02,440 --> 00:08:06,680 Well, um, I'm a sinner like anybody else. 153 00:08:07,960 --> 00:08:11,840 No, I mean should they worry about you punishing them? 154 00:08:11,840 --> 00:08:14,200 Uh... No. 155 00:08:15,640 --> 00:08:19,520 God realised he needed help keeping us sinful humans in check 156 00:08:19,520 --> 00:08:21,800 and he knew just who to call on. 157 00:08:21,800 --> 00:08:25,040 This is Holy Moses, the most successful influencer 158 00:08:25,040 --> 00:08:28,960 of Old Testament times, very much the Mr Beast of his day. 159 00:08:28,960 --> 00:08:32,360 One day, God invited Moses to the top of Mount Sinai 160 00:08:32,360 --> 00:08:36,320 and handed him a set of rules for life carved on stone tablets. 161 00:08:36,320 --> 00:08:39,440 It was the world's first and heaviest press release. 162 00:08:39,440 --> 00:08:42,520 God commanded Moses to spread this message far and wide, 163 00:08:42,520 --> 00:08:44,520 which must have been annoying for Moses, 164 00:08:44,520 --> 00:08:47,120 because he'd have to carry the tablets back down on foot 165 00:08:47,120 --> 00:08:49,520 and probably didn't have room in his rucksack. 166 00:08:49,520 --> 00:08:52,520 How many Ten Commandments were there? 167 00:08:52,520 --> 00:08:55,240 How many? Well, you just named them. Ten. 168 00:08:55,240 --> 00:08:57,920 So there were ten Ten Commandments. 169 00:08:57,920 --> 00:08:59,840 There weren't 100 commandments. 170 00:08:59,840 --> 00:09:01,920 There were ten...commandments. 171 00:09:01,920 --> 00:09:03,960 There were ten...commandments. 172 00:09:03,960 --> 00:09:06,200 Yes. That's it. 173 00:09:06,200 --> 00:09:08,480 These shalts and shalt nots are a set 174 00:09:08,480 --> 00:09:11,040 of terms and conditions for humankind. 175 00:09:11,040 --> 00:09:13,880 All Christians had to agree to abide by them 176 00:09:13,880 --> 00:09:16,720 and also accept occasional promotional messages from God 177 00:09:16,720 --> 00:09:18,720 on subjects that may interest them. 178 00:09:18,720 --> 00:09:21,560 How did God manage to boil his terms and conditions 179 00:09:21,560 --> 00:09:26,240 down to just ten points when the iPhone end user license agreement 180 00:09:26,240 --> 00:09:28,640 is about 100 pages long? 181 00:09:28,640 --> 00:09:30,680 Well, it just proves the point that God is God, 182 00:09:30,680 --> 00:09:32,760 and so he's a lot more concise than we are. 183 00:09:32,760 --> 00:09:35,000 Is it a legally binding contract? 184 00:09:35,000 --> 00:09:37,720 It is a covenant, which is a covenant of love 185 00:09:37,720 --> 00:09:39,680 between God and God's people, so... 186 00:09:39,680 --> 00:09:41,400 No, I meant the iPhone one. 187 00:09:42,840 --> 00:09:45,160 In a bid to stay in God's good books, 188 00:09:45,160 --> 00:09:47,520 devout followers avoid sinful pleasures 189 00:09:47,520 --> 00:09:50,560 like lusting after sloths during their lifetimes. 190 00:09:54,960 --> 00:09:57,560 Not everyone thinks enjoying yourself is bad. 191 00:09:57,560 --> 00:10:00,120 Some people dedicate their lives to hedonism, 192 00:10:00,120 --> 00:10:02,240 the sleaziest -ism there is. 193 00:10:02,240 --> 00:10:03,960 Apart from jism. 194 00:10:05,680 --> 00:10:09,080 Entire cities have been built for hedonist pursuits - 195 00:10:09,080 --> 00:10:12,600 impressive, opulent cities like Swansea in Wales, 196 00:10:12,600 --> 00:10:14,720 and also this place. 197 00:10:14,720 --> 00:10:19,040 This is Las Vegas, Spanish for The Vegas. 198 00:10:19,040 --> 00:10:23,160 With its culture of casinos, strip clubs and round-the-clock drinking, 199 00:10:23,160 --> 00:10:26,320 it's a mecca for people who aren't going to Mecca. 200 00:10:26,320 --> 00:10:30,440 Vegas is a shimmering visual metaphor for human indulgence, 201 00:10:30,440 --> 00:10:32,160 according to our director, 202 00:10:32,160 --> 00:10:34,840 and too far away and expensive for us to film in, 203 00:10:34,840 --> 00:10:37,720 according to our producer, who lost the argument. 204 00:10:40,320 --> 00:10:44,880 Given its reputation, Las Vegas is also known as Sin City, 205 00:10:44,880 --> 00:10:47,480 which is short for Cincinnati, 206 00:10:47,480 --> 00:10:50,760 or would be if that wasn't a different place altogether. 207 00:10:50,760 --> 00:10:53,560 Many of the tourists who flock here each year hope 208 00:10:53,560 --> 00:10:56,880 that what happens in Vegas stays in Vegas. 209 00:10:56,880 --> 00:11:01,040 Maybe that's true, but on the other hand, God sees everything, 210 00:11:01,040 --> 00:11:04,480 even that thing my ex, Sean, used to do with his thumb. 211 00:11:04,480 --> 00:11:08,840 Worse still, God doesn't just know about the sinful things you've done, 212 00:11:08,840 --> 00:11:10,960 he also knows about the sinful things 213 00:11:10,960 --> 00:11:13,680 you're merely thinking of doing. 214 00:11:13,680 --> 00:11:15,760 God knows everything we're thinking. 215 00:11:15,760 --> 00:11:18,120 That's a data privacy nightmare, isn't it? 216 00:11:18,120 --> 00:11:20,000 Is there a way to opt out? 217 00:11:21,000 --> 00:11:22,440 Not that I'm aware of. 218 00:11:22,440 --> 00:11:26,960 Could you put God off the scent by only thinking decoy thoughts? 219 00:11:26,960 --> 00:11:30,520 Like only thinking the opposite of what you actually think? 220 00:11:30,520 --> 00:11:31,720 Would that work? 221 00:11:33,280 --> 00:11:35,800 I don't think so. No. 222 00:11:35,800 --> 00:11:38,000 Because you're not just dealing with a God who is omniscient, 223 00:11:38,000 --> 00:11:40,200 knows everything, you're also dealing with a God 224 00:11:40,200 --> 00:11:42,520 who is omnipotent, is all powerful. 225 00:11:42,520 --> 00:11:44,640 I'll be honest. This relationship with God 226 00:11:44,640 --> 00:11:46,520 throws up a lot of red flags. 227 00:11:46,520 --> 00:11:48,840 He's watching us all the time. 228 00:11:48,840 --> 00:11:50,360 He sets rules. 229 00:11:50,360 --> 00:11:52,800 He's got a terrible temper. 230 00:11:52,800 --> 00:11:54,360 He even thinks he's God. 231 00:11:54,360 --> 00:11:57,040 Isn't he basically just a toxic narcissist? 232 00:11:58,320 --> 00:12:00,760 If you follow God's rules religiously, 233 00:12:00,760 --> 00:12:03,920 you'll ascend to the Kingdom of Heaven, which sounds great. 234 00:12:03,920 --> 00:12:06,160 Although if you're old when you die, 235 00:12:06,160 --> 00:12:09,080 you might not want to be going up a lot of stairs. 236 00:12:10,960 --> 00:12:13,160 In Heaven, nobody has to work any more. 237 00:12:13,160 --> 00:12:15,760 The most that will be asked of you is doing the washing-up. 238 00:12:15,760 --> 00:12:18,880 But since all earthly appetites will have been sated, 239 00:12:18,880 --> 00:12:22,000 we can only be talking about the odd mug. 240 00:12:22,000 --> 00:12:24,320 The alternative to Heaven is Hell, 241 00:12:24,320 --> 00:12:27,440 a fiery pit of damnation and eternal torment, 242 00:12:27,440 --> 00:12:30,360 which currently only has two stars on TripAdvisor. 243 00:12:30,360 --> 00:12:33,120 This is quite a spiritual show. 244 00:12:33,120 --> 00:12:36,040 Can I ask about our souls? 245 00:12:36,040 --> 00:12:40,480 Do we get judged for the cleanliness of our souls when we get to heaven? 246 00:12:40,480 --> 00:12:44,080 I think we get judged by how we've acted in the world. 247 00:12:44,080 --> 00:12:47,760 When we look into our souls, what do we find there? 248 00:12:49,240 --> 00:12:52,520 Well, it depends how far we're prepared to look into it. 249 00:12:52,520 --> 00:12:53,920 How far you look up? 250 00:12:53,920 --> 00:12:55,080 Yeah. 251 00:12:56,280 --> 00:12:59,840 God's unforgiving nature means his believers try to stay 252 00:12:59,840 --> 00:13:05,040 in his good books through a form of organised grovelling called worship. 253 00:13:07,680 --> 00:13:12,880 King of Heaven 254 00:13:42,760 --> 00:13:46,640 Many find praising God in this way gives them a purpose in life - 255 00:13:46,640 --> 00:13:48,400 sucking up to the boss. 256 00:13:49,680 --> 00:13:51,720 If God's up there looking down on us, 257 00:13:51,720 --> 00:13:54,040 why do we kneel when we pray? 258 00:13:54,040 --> 00:13:57,400 Kneeling is the expression 259 00:13:57,400 --> 00:14:00,640 of a sense of awe and holiness. 260 00:14:00,640 --> 00:14:03,520 Yeah, but what's the point in kneeling, though, all bent over? 261 00:14:03,520 --> 00:14:05,600 You know, it's terrible acoustics. 262 00:14:05,600 --> 00:14:07,440 Wouldn't it be better to stand up 263 00:14:07,440 --> 00:14:09,680 and shout a list of demands up to the sky? 264 00:14:09,680 --> 00:14:12,200 God is not in the sky literally. 265 00:14:12,200 --> 00:14:13,240 Right. 266 00:14:13,240 --> 00:14:15,200 So where is he? Has he got an address? 267 00:14:15,200 --> 00:14:19,160 God is present 268 00:14:19,160 --> 00:14:23,480 in all places and all times. 269 00:14:23,480 --> 00:14:25,440 What, even, like, in cupboards? 270 00:14:25,440 --> 00:14:29,920 Well, you've raised a very important question here, 271 00:14:29,920 --> 00:14:37,840 because one way of thinking about the Divine presence 272 00:14:37,840 --> 00:14:40,760 is in terms of his knowledge. 273 00:14:40,760 --> 00:14:45,440 So maybe God is not located in the cupboard, 274 00:14:45,440 --> 00:14:50,600 but he knows about the state of affairs in the cupboard. 275 00:14:50,600 --> 00:14:53,520 Uh, sorry, is he in a cupboard or not? 276 00:14:53,520 --> 00:14:57,440 Not everyone believes God is solely responsible for giving us life. 277 00:14:57,440 --> 00:15:00,000 Other origin stories are available. 278 00:15:01,400 --> 00:15:03,200 The man slowly moving toward you 279 00:15:03,200 --> 00:15:06,120 is unshaven Victorian genius Charles Darwin. 280 00:15:06,120 --> 00:15:09,320 One day, Darwin rode a beagle to the Galapagos Islands, 281 00:15:09,320 --> 00:15:13,560 where an exotic tortoise gave him an idea in the form of a theory, 282 00:15:13,560 --> 00:15:17,800 a theory that human bodies hadn't always been human bodies. 283 00:15:19,000 --> 00:15:22,360 Why do we say our ancestors came in apes? 284 00:15:23,760 --> 00:15:25,480 Our ancestors came...? 285 00:15:25,480 --> 00:15:26,720 In apes. 286 00:15:26,720 --> 00:15:27,920 Ah. 287 00:15:27,920 --> 00:15:29,520 They didn't come from apes. 288 00:15:29,520 --> 00:15:33,440 Apes and ourselves came from something else. 289 00:15:33,440 --> 00:15:34,680 A chimp. 290 00:15:34,680 --> 00:15:37,520 Sort of... You know, it's not exactly like a chimp 291 00:15:37,520 --> 00:15:40,280 or a modern ape or ourselves. Right. 292 00:15:40,280 --> 00:15:41,840 So we didn't come in a chimp? 293 00:15:41,840 --> 00:15:43,640 No. 294 00:15:43,640 --> 00:15:46,640 It's hard to believe we all mutated from monkey meat, 295 00:15:46,640 --> 00:15:49,200 unless you consider all life is basically the same 296 00:15:49,200 --> 00:15:50,840 at a microscopic level. 297 00:15:50,840 --> 00:15:53,880 Lots of things are alive, from tiny microbes 298 00:15:53,880 --> 00:15:56,000 to bigger microbes. 299 00:15:56,000 --> 00:15:59,840 Every life form is made of cells, like a prison, 300 00:15:59,840 --> 00:16:02,920 which is probably why existence is so depressing. 301 00:16:02,920 --> 00:16:04,920 It's a life sentence. 302 00:16:04,920 --> 00:16:08,000 Just like the sentences I say in this programme about life. 303 00:16:09,440 --> 00:16:11,680 Are cells worth having? 304 00:16:11,680 --> 00:16:14,040 Well, without cells we wouldn't be. 305 00:16:14,040 --> 00:16:16,280 We're made up of trillions of cells. 306 00:16:16,280 --> 00:16:20,560 We all came from a single cell, so they're really important to us. 307 00:16:20,560 --> 00:16:24,320 Are my cells dividing and multiplying all the time? 308 00:16:24,320 --> 00:16:26,320 Like, even when I'm sitting here now? 309 00:16:26,320 --> 00:16:28,360 Since you've been sat there, they've probably... 310 00:16:28,360 --> 00:16:31,640 You've had about a million cell divisions going on in your body. 311 00:16:31,640 --> 00:16:34,280 Ugh, no wonder I feel so worn out all the time. 312 00:16:35,520 --> 00:16:37,800 Cells couldn't multiply without this - 313 00:16:37,800 --> 00:16:41,920 the Ikea instruction manual for life, DNA. 314 00:16:41,920 --> 00:16:45,520 DNA is tiny, yet complex, like Tom cruise. 315 00:16:45,520 --> 00:16:49,400 It would take a typist over 50 years to type out the DNA sequence, 316 00:16:49,400 --> 00:16:50,760 which would be stupid 317 00:16:50,760 --> 00:16:53,440 because she could just cut and paste it and go home. 318 00:16:53,440 --> 00:16:55,960 I call her "she" because of unconscious bias, 319 00:16:55,960 --> 00:16:58,680 which is in my DNA and not my fault. 320 00:16:58,680 --> 00:17:00,840 Have you heard of DNA? 321 00:17:01,920 --> 00:17:03,480 Yes. 322 00:17:03,480 --> 00:17:05,200 Do we all have D and A, 323 00:17:05,200 --> 00:17:08,360 or do some of us have D or A, but not both? 324 00:17:09,360 --> 00:17:14,600 No, it's not D and A, it's three letters - DNA. 325 00:17:14,600 --> 00:17:18,160 Can you tell by looking at me whether I have DNA? 326 00:17:18,160 --> 00:17:21,640 Well, I know you have DNA because you're a living organism 327 00:17:21,640 --> 00:17:23,360 and all life has DNA. 328 00:17:23,360 --> 00:17:26,200 My mate Paul tried to create a new life form 329 00:17:26,200 --> 00:17:29,080 by inserting his DNA into a grapefruit. 330 00:17:29,080 --> 00:17:33,560 But halfway through the experiment, the greengrocer started hitting him. 331 00:17:33,560 --> 00:17:36,120 Why is science so controversial? 332 00:17:38,760 --> 00:17:41,560 I'm sorry that...that question didn't follow 333 00:17:41,560 --> 00:17:43,720 from your story of the DNA... 334 00:17:43,720 --> 00:17:46,120 No. It changed, yeah. 335 00:17:46,120 --> 00:17:49,480 One of life's biggest mysteries is how it's possible for me to look 336 00:17:49,480 --> 00:17:52,280 both like my mother... 337 00:17:52,280 --> 00:17:55,960 ..and my father at the same time, 338 00:17:55,960 --> 00:17:58,880 even though I've only got one face. 339 00:17:58,880 --> 00:18:02,080 Is it true the most important thing we can do as humans 340 00:18:02,080 --> 00:18:04,400 is piss in our jeans? 341 00:18:04,400 --> 00:18:06,160 Pass on our genes. 342 00:18:06,160 --> 00:18:07,560 Pa...? Sorry? 343 00:18:07,560 --> 00:18:09,520 Sorry, it's "pass on our genes." 344 00:18:09,520 --> 00:18:11,560 Oh, right. Um... 345 00:18:11,560 --> 00:18:16,480 Is it true the most important thing we can do as a human is... 346 00:18:16,480 --> 00:18:18,120 ..pass... 347 00:18:18,120 --> 00:18:20,000 ..pass on our genes? 348 00:18:20,000 --> 00:18:22,440 Well, I don't know if it's the most important thing, 349 00:18:22,440 --> 00:18:26,080 but it is very important, because what it means is 350 00:18:26,080 --> 00:18:30,680 that you pass on your genes from you to your child. 351 00:18:30,680 --> 00:18:33,040 What if I don't want to pass on any of mine? 352 00:18:33,040 --> 00:18:35,200 Then, um... Then you don't have to. 353 00:18:35,200 --> 00:18:36,880 Right. How can I avoid it? 354 00:18:36,880 --> 00:18:38,680 Well, um... 355 00:18:38,680 --> 00:18:40,040 You have to make love. 356 00:18:41,240 --> 00:18:43,560 What, to avoid passing on my genes?! 357 00:18:46,360 --> 00:18:48,480 All living things reproduce, 358 00:18:48,480 --> 00:18:51,040 which means all living things procreate - 359 00:18:51,040 --> 00:18:52,720 dogs, lions, 360 00:18:52,720 --> 00:18:54,280 pigs, penguins, 361 00:18:54,280 --> 00:18:56,120 monkeys, shell monsters, 362 00:18:56,120 --> 00:18:57,760 elephants, horses, 363 00:18:57,760 --> 00:19:00,280 David and Victoria Beckham, and pigs again. 364 00:19:00,280 --> 00:19:02,080 The female reproductive organs 365 00:19:02,080 --> 00:19:04,840 are largely hidden indoors for safekeeping 366 00:19:04,840 --> 00:19:08,000 and are normally only visible behind some kind of paywall. 367 00:19:08,000 --> 00:19:11,840 By contrast, the male genitals, or "Mr Genitals", 368 00:19:11,840 --> 00:19:13,640 live on the outside of the body, 369 00:19:13,640 --> 00:19:15,640 where they can be easily photographed 370 00:19:15,640 --> 00:19:18,680 and DMed to a potential mate without consent. 371 00:19:18,680 --> 00:19:21,040 So which bit's the penis? 372 00:19:21,040 --> 00:19:22,800 So the penis is over here. 373 00:19:22,800 --> 00:19:24,400 It's this bit here. Right. 374 00:19:24,400 --> 00:19:27,520 I'll talk quietly. I don't want to wake it. 375 00:19:27,520 --> 00:19:29,000 This is a flaccid penis. 376 00:19:29,000 --> 00:19:32,280 So for sexual intercourse, it has to become erect. 377 00:19:32,280 --> 00:19:35,760 So what happens, then? What bit goes where? 378 00:19:35,760 --> 00:19:38,640 So this penis needs to become erect. Yeah. 379 00:19:38,640 --> 00:19:42,400 And then it will be put into the vagina here during intercourse. 380 00:19:42,400 --> 00:19:46,120 And he's going to ejaculate sperm through his penis 381 00:19:46,120 --> 00:19:47,880 and then into the woman's vagina. 382 00:19:47,880 --> 00:19:50,000 Pfft. Christ. 383 00:19:50,000 --> 00:19:52,920 I hope nothing like that ever happens to me. 384 00:19:52,920 --> 00:19:56,440 The disappointingly flavoured soup that vomits from the penis 385 00:19:56,440 --> 00:20:00,120 contains millions of plucky young tadpoles which swim their way up 386 00:20:00,120 --> 00:20:02,840 through the female pipework towards an egg 387 00:20:02,840 --> 00:20:07,400 and then kamikaze into it like a tiny 9/11 happening up a lady. 388 00:20:07,400 --> 00:20:11,400 This is where, incredibly, the miracle of life begins 389 00:20:11,400 --> 00:20:16,240 and the precise moment that a woman's right to choose ends. 390 00:20:17,480 --> 00:20:19,600 Nine months after conception, 391 00:20:19,600 --> 00:20:22,760 the infant painlessly slides through the lady's front hole 392 00:20:22,760 --> 00:20:24,480 and out into the world. 393 00:20:24,480 --> 00:20:29,560 It then slowly mutates from a baby into an actual human being. 394 00:20:29,560 --> 00:20:32,000 But what exactly is a human being? 395 00:20:33,040 --> 00:20:35,800 What percentage of people have a human body? 396 00:20:37,160 --> 00:20:39,840 All humans have a human body. 397 00:20:39,840 --> 00:20:41,320 What about people holding a cat? 398 00:20:41,320 --> 00:20:44,320 Have they got a human body and a cat's body? 399 00:20:44,320 --> 00:20:46,240 Or does it not work that way? 400 00:20:46,240 --> 00:20:48,560 No, the two are completely separate. 401 00:20:48,560 --> 00:20:52,320 The human is a human and the cat is a cat. 402 00:20:52,320 --> 00:20:56,680 Human biology has existed almost as long as humans themselves, 403 00:20:56,680 --> 00:20:58,240 if not longer. 404 00:20:58,240 --> 00:21:00,680 It involves a complex arrangement of skin 405 00:21:00,680 --> 00:21:03,600 and meat machines called organs. 406 00:21:03,600 --> 00:21:05,480 Put these organs in a plastic bag 407 00:21:05,480 --> 00:21:08,760 and walk around a shoe shop with them and you'd be arrested. 408 00:21:08,760 --> 00:21:12,000 But put them in the right order and you've got a human body, 409 00:21:12,000 --> 00:21:14,200 an exquisitely constructed machine 410 00:21:14,200 --> 00:21:16,760 that also farts and eats crisps. 411 00:21:17,800 --> 00:21:21,960 Our organs are so gory some people can't bear to see images like this. 412 00:21:21,960 --> 00:21:25,320 If you're one of those sensitive viewers, look away five seconds ago. 413 00:21:26,480 --> 00:21:31,200 Is the correct term for all this offal or gore? 414 00:21:31,200 --> 00:21:33,000 All this stuff? That is... 415 00:21:33,000 --> 00:21:35,040 This is called the intestine. 416 00:21:35,040 --> 00:21:38,760 If you pulled an intestine out, how long would it be? 417 00:21:38,760 --> 00:21:40,800 It would be many metres. 418 00:21:40,800 --> 00:21:43,000 OK, but why are you pulling it out? 419 00:21:43,000 --> 00:21:46,440 We wouldn't normally pull it out unless there was a disease process. 420 00:21:46,440 --> 00:21:48,840 Right. So you don't know why it's happening? 421 00:21:48,840 --> 00:21:50,040 No. 422 00:21:50,040 --> 00:21:52,960 All these slimy innards need a surrounding structure to stop them 423 00:21:52,960 --> 00:21:55,680 slopping onto the floor for passers-by to slip on. 424 00:21:55,680 --> 00:21:59,320 We wouldn't be upstanding citizens if it wasn't for this - 425 00:21:59,320 --> 00:22:02,000 the human skeleton, of ghost train fame. 426 00:22:02,000 --> 00:22:03,440 It's incredible to think 427 00:22:03,440 --> 00:22:06,200 that there's one of these inside some of us. 428 00:22:07,520 --> 00:22:10,880 Did you know only 40% of people have skeletons? 429 00:22:12,360 --> 00:22:14,280 Where did you get this figure from? 430 00:22:14,280 --> 00:22:16,320 It's true. I saw a video about it. 431 00:22:16,320 --> 00:22:19,560 You only find out if you've got a skeleton after you die. 432 00:22:19,560 --> 00:22:21,880 Some people are just solid meat. This is... 433 00:22:21,880 --> 00:22:23,920 You know Burt Lancaster, the actor? 434 00:22:23,920 --> 00:22:27,120 He was solid meat, apparently, like a sausage. 435 00:22:27,120 --> 00:22:30,440 Every human being has a skeleton. 436 00:22:30,440 --> 00:22:33,000 That figure is 100%. 437 00:22:33,000 --> 00:22:34,880 Did you know knees are a con? 438 00:22:34,880 --> 00:22:36,200 Why do you say that? 439 00:22:36,200 --> 00:22:38,640 Apparently, if you walk everywhere without bending your legs, 440 00:22:38,640 --> 00:22:41,040 you can prolong your life by about eight years. 441 00:22:41,040 --> 00:22:43,200 I went running this morning. 442 00:22:43,200 --> 00:22:45,240 How would I run without bending my knees? 443 00:22:45,240 --> 00:22:48,120 I'm not saying you didn't bend your knees. Yes. 444 00:22:48,120 --> 00:22:51,400 I'm just saying that if you didn't bend your knees, 445 00:22:51,400 --> 00:22:54,040 you could prolong your life by eight years. 446 00:22:54,040 --> 00:22:57,760 Although it does make stairs a problem, I'll grant you that. 447 00:22:57,760 --> 00:23:01,080 The most important bit of the human body is up here 448 00:23:01,080 --> 00:23:04,400 in the driver's compartment, or skull. 449 00:23:04,400 --> 00:23:07,360 Imprisoned within every skull is a creature we've enslaved 450 00:23:07,360 --> 00:23:09,000 to do our thinking for us - 451 00:23:09,000 --> 00:23:12,040 a sort of smart cauliflower known as the brain. 452 00:23:13,120 --> 00:23:15,920 So this is a brain. This is a brain. 453 00:23:15,920 --> 00:23:19,280 How many of these are in an average head? 454 00:23:19,280 --> 00:23:20,920 We have one each. 455 00:23:20,920 --> 00:23:23,920 Just the one? Just the one brain. 456 00:23:23,920 --> 00:23:27,520 The brain doesn't just tackle complex tasks like blinking 457 00:23:27,520 --> 00:23:31,040 or making porridge, it also handles trivial things 458 00:23:31,040 --> 00:23:33,840 like our entire human consciousness, 459 00:23:33,840 --> 00:23:36,880 the origins of which are a complete mystery. 460 00:23:38,360 --> 00:23:41,520 Does the brain generate the consciousness, 461 00:23:41,520 --> 00:23:45,280 or does the consciousness operate the brain? 462 00:23:45,280 --> 00:23:47,600 You'll find lots of disagreement about this... Oh, I'm sorry, 463 00:23:47,600 --> 00:23:51,320 and I'm supposed to remind you to keep your answer... What was it? 464 00:23:51,320 --> 00:23:53,800 "Coherent for our fuckwitted viewers." 465 00:23:53,800 --> 00:23:55,680 It is a complicated question. 466 00:23:55,680 --> 00:24:00,160 My view is that the brain generates consciousness, 467 00:24:00,160 --> 00:24:02,840 but consciousness gives us the ability to do things 468 00:24:02,840 --> 00:24:05,800 that we wouldn't be able to do if we weren't conscious. 469 00:24:05,800 --> 00:24:07,200 Thank you. 470 00:24:07,200 --> 00:24:11,680 And, apparently, I...I wasn't supposed to read that card aloud, 471 00:24:11,680 --> 00:24:14,520 so...apologies to you at home. 472 00:24:16,360 --> 00:24:19,600 All of this leads to a fundamental human question, 473 00:24:19,600 --> 00:24:21,160 who am I? 474 00:24:21,160 --> 00:24:24,760 Not me, obviously. I'm on the telly so people know who I am. 475 00:24:24,760 --> 00:24:26,120 But who are you? 476 00:24:26,120 --> 00:24:27,880 What are you doing here? 477 00:24:27,880 --> 00:24:30,400 And is any of this really happening? 478 00:24:31,680 --> 00:24:35,360 When we have a thought - like, if I picture a windmill, 479 00:24:35,360 --> 00:24:38,200 how real is that windmill? 480 00:24:38,200 --> 00:24:40,360 It's not real. It's not real? 481 00:24:40,360 --> 00:24:42,160 It's in your... It's in your mind. 482 00:24:42,160 --> 00:24:45,320 Why did I picture a windmill, though? Is it a clue? 483 00:24:45,320 --> 00:24:46,800 A clue to...? 484 00:24:46,800 --> 00:24:48,200 Something. I don't know. 485 00:24:48,200 --> 00:24:50,080 It depends what you were thinking about. 486 00:24:50,080 --> 00:24:52,200 What's inside the windmill? 487 00:24:52,200 --> 00:24:55,240 Um, it depends what you were thinking about. 488 00:24:56,400 --> 00:25:00,240 What if someone lives inside the windmill 489 00:25:00,240 --> 00:25:04,160 and I'm not imagining them, they're imagining me? 490 00:25:04,160 --> 00:25:09,080 This is a very unusual way to think about how imagination works. 491 00:25:10,280 --> 00:25:13,640 Imagination is a side-effect of having a mind, 492 00:25:13,640 --> 00:25:15,800 and some believe it can be enhanced 493 00:25:15,800 --> 00:25:19,400 with the use of mind-expanding drugs. 494 00:25:19,400 --> 00:25:22,560 When hippies took mind-expanding drugs, 495 00:25:22,560 --> 00:25:24,960 how much wider did their minds get? 496 00:25:24,960 --> 00:25:27,480 Did their skulls ever pop open? 497 00:25:27,480 --> 00:25:28,920 Their skulls didn't pop open, 498 00:25:28,920 --> 00:25:33,520 but it meant that they were more open to ideas and philosophies 499 00:25:33,520 --> 00:25:36,560 and concepts they might not have previously considered. 500 00:25:36,560 --> 00:25:41,400 You know when people talk about opening their third eye? 501 00:25:41,400 --> 00:25:45,880 That's what my mate Paul calls the hole in the end of his penis. 502 00:25:45,880 --> 00:25:48,560 Why would anyone want to widen that? 503 00:25:48,560 --> 00:25:52,920 The use of psychopathic drugs in the 1960s also led popular figures 504 00:25:52,920 --> 00:25:56,600 to contemplate more spiritual aspects to human existence. 505 00:25:56,600 --> 00:26:00,360 When the Beatles dropped acid and went to India, 506 00:26:00,360 --> 00:26:04,680 did they actually go or was that part of the trip? 507 00:26:04,680 --> 00:26:08,400 No, they did actually go to India, and they visited an ashram 508 00:26:08,400 --> 00:26:10,440 and they visited gurus while they were out there. 509 00:26:10,440 --> 00:26:12,400 It changed the stuff they said, didn't it? 510 00:26:12,400 --> 00:26:15,040 They said, "All you need is love." 511 00:26:15,040 --> 00:26:18,880 And then George Harrison said, "All things must pass." 512 00:26:18,880 --> 00:26:21,600 Those were spiritual messages, weren't they? 513 00:26:21,600 --> 00:26:26,480 So when Paul said he was simply having a wonderful Christmas-time, 514 00:26:26,480 --> 00:26:29,080 was there a deeper meaning there? 515 00:26:29,080 --> 00:26:31,760 I don't know if there was a deeper message there, and that was a bit 516 00:26:31,760 --> 00:26:34,760 later that Paul was having a wonderful Christmas-time. 517 00:26:34,760 --> 00:26:38,200 Yeah. My ex, Sean, sang that to me in bed once 518 00:26:38,200 --> 00:26:40,280 during an intimate moment. 519 00:26:40,280 --> 00:26:43,800 Honestly, I went as dry as a cat's tongue. 520 00:26:43,800 --> 00:26:48,240 Rock stars also popularised meditation as a way to clear 521 00:26:48,240 --> 00:26:50,640 the stresses of modern life from the mind. 522 00:26:50,640 --> 00:26:53,120 Do you have to sit down to meditate, 523 00:26:53,120 --> 00:26:55,680 or could I do it at the same time as something else, 524 00:26:55,680 --> 00:26:59,800 like driving or operating heavy machinery? 525 00:26:59,800 --> 00:27:01,240 Some people do... 526 00:27:01,240 --> 00:27:04,080 So Buddhists, for example, do walking meditation 527 00:27:04,080 --> 00:27:05,560 so you don't have to sit down. 528 00:27:05,560 --> 00:27:09,000 Does meditation help our souls relax? 529 00:27:09,000 --> 00:27:10,360 Yes. 530 00:27:10,360 --> 00:27:12,360 Meditation does help our souls relax. 531 00:27:12,360 --> 00:27:14,200 Yes. Yeah. 532 00:27:14,200 --> 00:27:16,480 Let's take a moment to realign ourselves 533 00:27:16,480 --> 00:27:19,000 with our present reality together. 534 00:27:19,000 --> 00:27:21,280 We're going to do a guided meditation now, 535 00:27:21,280 --> 00:27:24,120 so feel free to join in at home. 536 00:27:24,120 --> 00:27:26,120 Close your eyes. 537 00:27:26,120 --> 00:27:28,760 Slow your breathing. 538 00:27:28,760 --> 00:27:30,400 Now breathe in. 539 00:27:30,400 --> 00:27:32,440 INHALES SHARPLY 540 00:27:32,440 --> 00:27:34,480 CHIMES TINKLE 541 00:27:41,280 --> 00:27:42,360 Sorry, breathe out. 542 00:27:42,360 --> 00:27:44,400 EXHALES SHARPLY 543 00:27:45,600 --> 00:27:49,560 Become aware of the rise and fall of your belly. 544 00:27:49,560 --> 00:27:52,840 Feel the fabric of your clothes on your skin. 545 00:27:52,840 --> 00:27:55,240 Why is it that particular material? 546 00:27:55,240 --> 00:27:58,840 Was it sewn together by a child in a sweatshop? 547 00:27:58,840 --> 00:28:02,160 Probably best not to think about that, actually. 548 00:28:02,160 --> 00:28:03,560 Listen to my voice. 549 00:28:04,680 --> 00:28:06,960 Why have they put a sort of echo effect on it? 550 00:28:06,960 --> 00:28:09,200 I think it's so that when they show this footage of me, 551 00:28:09,200 --> 00:28:12,160 it sounds like these are my thoughts echoing in my mind. 552 00:28:12,160 --> 00:28:14,160 But we filmed that weeks ago. 553 00:28:14,160 --> 00:28:16,400 Hang on. Where am I now? 554 00:28:16,400 --> 00:28:19,000 Hang on, that's... That's me waking up and standing. 555 00:28:19,000 --> 00:28:20,560 That's not meant to happen. 556 00:28:20,560 --> 00:28:23,080 Help! I'm still here! 557 00:28:23,080 --> 00:28:24,920 Oh, God, I've got separated from my own body! 558 00:28:24,920 --> 00:28:26,440 They said this might happen. Help! 559 00:28:26,440 --> 00:28:27,920 GUN COCKS Help! 560 00:28:27,920 --> 00:28:29,560 GUNSHOT THUD 561 00:28:29,560 --> 00:28:31,600 OFF AIR TONE 562 00:28:34,440 --> 00:28:36,480 Well, our apologies for that. 563 00:28:36,480 --> 00:28:39,720 We had a duplicate consciousness stuck on the voiceover track, 564 00:28:39,720 --> 00:28:44,640 so we've had it shot and can shortly rejoin Cunk On Life. 565 00:28:46,720 --> 00:28:48,560 Who's that walking through an awesome landscape, 566 00:28:48,560 --> 00:28:49,920 recording a piece to camera? 567 00:28:49,920 --> 00:28:51,520 It's your very own Philomena Cunk! 568 00:28:51,520 --> 00:28:53,360 Featuring a vaguely realistic face, 569 00:28:53,360 --> 00:28:55,920 similar clothing, and a total lack of mannerisms. 570 00:28:55,920 --> 00:28:58,560 But that's not all! Philomena also sprouts facial hair, 571 00:28:58,560 --> 00:29:01,160 witnesses the Crucifixion and lays eggs! 572 00:29:01,160 --> 00:29:04,160 Pop off her head, tip her over and, whoops-a-daisy, real blood! 573 00:29:04,160 --> 00:29:06,120 And the fun doesn't end with mopping that up. 574 00:29:06,120 --> 00:29:09,080 Philomena pilots her very own spacecraft, the USS Triceratops, 575 00:29:09,080 --> 00:29:10,720 with her intergalactic friends, 576 00:29:10,720 --> 00:29:14,160 Captain Shitpeas, Mrs Benson and Barnaby 9. 577 00:29:14,160 --> 00:29:15,600 Together, they tour the galaxy, 578 00:29:15,600 --> 00:29:17,360 repairing black holes and mutilating cattle. 579 00:29:17,360 --> 00:29:19,480 Philomena Cunk and Pals, available from all good retailers. 580 00:29:19,480 --> 00:29:22,000 May contain pine nuts. Side-effects include spontaneous combustion 581 00:29:22,000 --> 00:29:24,240 and melancholy. Terms and conditions available on our website. 582 00:29:24,240 --> 00:29:27,920 Do not feed after midnight. Remember to hydrate forever and ever. Amen. 583 00:29:29,920 --> 00:29:32,400 Coming up on Cunk On Life... 584 00:29:32,400 --> 00:29:35,640 Meet a man facing oblivion on death row. 585 00:29:35,640 --> 00:29:38,440 I ask a philosopher to probe our souls. 586 00:29:38,440 --> 00:29:42,360 Do philosophers spend a lot of time thinking about our souls? 587 00:29:44,320 --> 00:29:47,680 And I visit the Large Hadron Collider for some astro chat 588 00:29:47,680 --> 00:29:49,840 with Professor Brian Cox. 589 00:29:49,840 --> 00:29:51,920 What's a black hole? 590 00:29:51,920 --> 00:29:53,120 A black hole... 591 00:29:53,120 --> 00:29:55,560 Sorry. A hole of colour. 592 00:29:55,560 --> 00:29:58,360 But first, let's take a sideways look 593 00:29:58,360 --> 00:30:01,520 at the suffocating inevitability of death. 594 00:30:04,840 --> 00:30:07,440 Death is the great leveller. 595 00:30:07,440 --> 00:30:10,160 In life you might have been a billionaire, supermodel, 596 00:30:10,160 --> 00:30:12,840 president and king, but the moment you die, 597 00:30:12,840 --> 00:30:15,400 you start rotting like a sausage in a lay-by. 598 00:30:18,080 --> 00:30:20,320 The big unknown is how you'll die. 599 00:30:20,320 --> 00:30:23,240 You might die falling off a ladder or a cliff, 600 00:30:23,240 --> 00:30:25,360 or into a lake full of knives. 601 00:30:25,360 --> 00:30:27,280 You could be hit by a car or a bus, 602 00:30:27,280 --> 00:30:29,520 or a tractor if you're rustic. 603 00:30:29,520 --> 00:30:32,680 Maybe you're already dead and watching this from beyond the grave, 604 00:30:32,680 --> 00:30:36,320 which would be a shame because you won't count towards the ratings. 605 00:30:36,320 --> 00:30:40,520 Statistically, which is more common, athlete's foot or death? 606 00:30:40,520 --> 00:30:43,720 Death is infinitely more common. 607 00:30:43,720 --> 00:30:46,320 In fact, it is guaranteed for all of us. 608 00:30:46,320 --> 00:30:48,160 How soon after death is it safe 609 00:30:48,160 --> 00:30:51,440 to resume your regular day-to-day activities? 610 00:30:51,440 --> 00:30:56,040 You can't resume your day-to-day activities once you're dead. 611 00:30:56,040 --> 00:30:57,360 How would you? 612 00:30:57,360 --> 00:31:00,160 So you can't do anything? You can't even listen to a podcast? 613 00:31:00,160 --> 00:31:02,160 You can't listen to anything. 614 00:31:02,160 --> 00:31:05,480 If you played a podcast to a corpse, 615 00:31:05,480 --> 00:31:08,280 would really none of it go in? 616 00:31:08,280 --> 00:31:10,760 Absolutely nothing would go in. 617 00:31:10,760 --> 00:31:14,240 One downside of our big brains is we're the only creatures 618 00:31:14,240 --> 00:31:16,280 who are aware that death is inevitable. 619 00:31:16,280 --> 00:31:19,920 Although if you lined ten dogs in a row and shot them one by one, 620 00:31:19,920 --> 00:31:24,160 the dog on the end would probably get the gist by about dog four. 621 00:31:24,160 --> 00:31:27,800 Of course, it's easy to forget about death until it happens to you, 622 00:31:27,800 --> 00:31:30,120 at which point your brain gets wiped anyway. 623 00:31:30,120 --> 00:31:32,520 It wasn't like that in medieval times. 624 00:31:32,520 --> 00:31:34,400 Back then, thanks to plagues, wars, 625 00:31:34,400 --> 00:31:36,320 and a general undercurrent of violence, 626 00:31:36,320 --> 00:31:38,600 people were casually familiar with death. 627 00:31:38,600 --> 00:31:42,000 In fact, they got FOMO when they didn't die. 628 00:31:42,000 --> 00:31:45,560 And this matey relationship with their own mortality 629 00:31:45,560 --> 00:31:47,920 was reflected up their art. 630 00:31:49,200 --> 00:31:51,720 This is Bruegel's Triumph of Death, 631 00:31:51,720 --> 00:31:56,840 which depicts an army of the undead violently laying waste to humankind 632 00:31:56,840 --> 00:32:00,000 in scenes unlikely to be adapted into a Pixar movie. 633 00:32:01,320 --> 00:32:04,040 It's terrifying to think that this actually happened. 634 00:32:04,040 --> 00:32:06,520 We're lucky Bruegel managed to capture this image 635 00:32:06,520 --> 00:32:09,080 before he, too, was captured by the skeletons. 636 00:32:09,080 --> 00:32:12,000 In fact, I'm surprised he could paint at all. 637 00:32:12,000 --> 00:32:14,160 My hands would have been shaking so much 638 00:32:14,160 --> 00:32:16,640 I'd have had my own eye out with the brush. 639 00:32:19,040 --> 00:32:20,920 What the fuck is this? 640 00:32:22,400 --> 00:32:25,480 Well, it's a scene of imagination. 641 00:32:26,600 --> 00:32:32,040 But it's not a scene that Bruegel would have actually witnessed. 642 00:32:32,040 --> 00:32:34,600 I mean, but it could happen, couldn't it? 643 00:32:36,480 --> 00:32:38,680 PROFESSOR SIGHS No, it couldn't happen. 644 00:32:38,680 --> 00:32:41,200 Misinformation is getting so sophisticated. 645 00:32:41,200 --> 00:32:42,640 It's terrifying. 646 00:32:43,800 --> 00:32:47,280 For years, morbid art like this depicted an ominous figure 647 00:32:47,280 --> 00:32:50,520 dispatching human souls with a scythe. 648 00:32:50,520 --> 00:32:53,040 That's this man, the Grim Reaper. 649 00:32:53,040 --> 00:32:54,600 Don't worry, I haven't gone mad. 650 00:32:54,600 --> 00:32:56,760 It only looks like there's no-one there. 651 00:32:56,760 --> 00:32:59,640 In fact, you won't be able to see the Grim Reaper at home 652 00:32:59,640 --> 00:33:02,760 unless you're going to die within the next 24 hours. 653 00:33:02,760 --> 00:33:06,880 What happens after death is the subject of huge debate. 654 00:33:06,880 --> 00:33:10,120 Some think that after you die, you evolve into a ghost - 655 00:33:10,120 --> 00:33:13,680 a sort of low-tech hologram made of haunted smoke. 656 00:33:13,680 --> 00:33:15,920 Scientists say ghosts don't exist, 657 00:33:15,920 --> 00:33:18,840 even though they've been caught on camera loads of times, 658 00:33:18,840 --> 00:33:21,720 like in Poltergeist and Poltergeist II 659 00:33:21,720 --> 00:33:23,720 and the remake of Poltergeist. 660 00:33:23,720 --> 00:33:26,640 In fact, ghosts have been caught on camera more often 661 00:33:26,640 --> 00:33:29,520 than scientists have. So who's real now? 662 00:33:30,760 --> 00:33:34,680 Shall we move on to more hardcore scientific stuff? 663 00:33:35,800 --> 00:33:37,960 OK, so ghosts. 664 00:33:37,960 --> 00:33:40,200 When a human body dies, 665 00:33:40,200 --> 00:33:44,720 which hole does the ghost come out of, north or south? 666 00:33:47,200 --> 00:33:52,120 I don't regard ghosts as a hard scientific subject, I'm afraid. 667 00:33:52,120 --> 00:33:55,320 Let me tell you something. Don't dismiss it. 668 00:33:55,320 --> 00:34:00,720 In 2021, my aunt Carol got engaged to a man called Bob Collins. 669 00:34:00,720 --> 00:34:06,320 But one day, he just vanished and cleared out her bank account. 670 00:34:06,320 --> 00:34:09,360 And when she looked up the name Bob Collins, 671 00:34:09,360 --> 00:34:12,800 she discovered he'd died in 1958. 672 00:34:12,800 --> 00:34:15,440 He'd been a ghost all along. 673 00:34:15,440 --> 00:34:18,280 Could he not just have been someone impersonating Bob Collins? 674 00:34:18,280 --> 00:34:21,840 No, no. There were photos of Bob Collins in 1958 675 00:34:21,840 --> 00:34:24,120 and he looked totally different, 676 00:34:24,120 --> 00:34:29,080 which proves he'd disguised himself so she wouldn't know he was a ghost. 677 00:34:29,080 --> 00:34:31,480 You can't explain it, can you? It's terrifying. 678 00:34:31,480 --> 00:34:33,880 Isn't the easier answer that he doesn't look like him 679 00:34:33,880 --> 00:34:36,240 because it's a different person altogether? 680 00:34:38,520 --> 00:34:39,920 No, it... 681 00:34:43,400 --> 00:34:45,160 It's a ghost. 682 00:34:45,160 --> 00:34:49,000 Death, tragedy and suffering have always been part of human life. 683 00:34:49,000 --> 00:34:51,120 Struggling with lives of ceaseless misery, 684 00:34:51,120 --> 00:34:54,320 people began to wonder whether any kind of god exists at all. 685 00:34:56,080 --> 00:34:57,720 But for centuries, 686 00:34:57,720 --> 00:34:59,960 no-one dared voice that suspicion 687 00:34:59,960 --> 00:35:03,080 in case God did exist and smited them shitless. 688 00:35:04,160 --> 00:35:06,840 But that was about to change. 689 00:35:06,840 --> 00:35:11,960 It's 1883, and German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche is hard at work 690 00:35:11,960 --> 00:35:15,160 in his study, putting his thoughts on paper. 691 00:35:16,720 --> 00:35:18,960 Don't worry, he can't hear me. 692 00:35:18,960 --> 00:35:21,000 He's about to write one of the most controvers... 693 00:35:21,000 --> 00:35:23,040 PHONE RINGS 694 00:35:24,480 --> 00:35:26,520 SILENCES PHONE 695 00:35:28,720 --> 00:35:30,200 He's about to write 696 00:35:30,200 --> 00:35:33,160 one of the most controversial catchphrases in history, 697 00:35:33,160 --> 00:35:36,280 three little words by the name of 698 00:35:36,280 --> 00:35:38,440 God is dead. 699 00:35:38,440 --> 00:35:40,920 Nietzsche said, "God is dead," didn't he? 700 00:35:40,920 --> 00:35:43,040 And now he's dead himself. 701 00:35:43,040 --> 00:35:44,400 Who's next? 702 00:35:44,400 --> 00:35:47,560 Did he name the killer before he died? 703 00:35:47,560 --> 00:35:49,800 Nietzsche? No. 704 00:35:49,800 --> 00:35:51,880 I think he thought that... 705 00:35:53,400 --> 00:35:57,960 ..people should realise that they had constructed a god 706 00:35:57,960 --> 00:36:00,840 that actually wasn't doing them as much good as they thought, 707 00:36:00,840 --> 00:36:04,840 and people need to realise not, perhaps, that he was dead, 708 00:36:04,840 --> 00:36:06,960 but that he hadn't existed. 709 00:36:06,960 --> 00:36:08,800 So he's saying that we killed him? 710 00:36:10,280 --> 00:36:11,680 In effect. 711 00:36:11,680 --> 00:36:13,360 But I wasn't even born. 712 00:36:13,360 --> 00:36:14,720 No. Yeah. 713 00:36:14,720 --> 00:36:17,160 Nietzsche can fuck off. 714 00:36:17,160 --> 00:36:18,560 Mm. 715 00:36:18,560 --> 00:36:22,120 Can we be sure God didn't kill himself? 716 00:36:22,120 --> 00:36:24,680 You know, cos you never know what people are going through. 717 00:36:26,800 --> 00:36:28,120 It's possible. 718 00:36:29,200 --> 00:36:31,840 Nietzsche's proclamation that God was dead 719 00:36:31,840 --> 00:36:34,400 caused an intellectual firestorm, 720 00:36:34,400 --> 00:36:38,120 as writers and thinkers debated the decline of religious authority 721 00:36:38,120 --> 00:36:40,800 in an increasingly secularised world - 722 00:36:40,800 --> 00:36:42,840 107 years before the release 723 00:36:42,840 --> 00:36:46,560 of unrelated Belgian techno anthem Pump Up The Jam. 724 00:36:46,560 --> 00:36:49,280 Pump Up The Jam by Technotronic 725 00:37:11,760 --> 00:37:13,800 on the dance floor 726 00:37:13,800 --> 00:37:15,920 the party's at 727 00:37:48,360 --> 00:37:50,840 But if Nietzsche was right and God is dead, 728 00:37:50,840 --> 00:37:54,200 it means we've got no higher entities judging our lifestyles, 729 00:37:54,200 --> 00:37:56,520 except the people from the flat upstairs. 730 00:37:56,520 --> 00:37:59,080 It could create a terrifying moral vacuum 731 00:37:59,080 --> 00:38:02,040 in which people feel free to behave atrociously, 732 00:38:02,040 --> 00:38:05,680 like they did in the entertainment industry of the 1970s... 733 00:38:05,680 --> 00:38:07,840 ..and the '80s...and the '90s... 734 00:38:07,840 --> 00:38:10,880 ..the 2000s, the 2010s, and today. 735 00:38:10,880 --> 00:38:13,200 Luckily, moral guidance was on hand, 736 00:38:13,200 --> 00:38:15,440 thanks to the world of literature. 737 00:38:18,880 --> 00:38:21,080 There were a lot of influential Russian writers 738 00:38:21,080 --> 00:38:25,320 in the 19th century - Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky, 739 00:38:25,320 --> 00:38:28,120 Turgenev, Turnover and Pushkin. 740 00:38:28,120 --> 00:38:30,720 Who was best? 741 00:38:30,720 --> 00:38:32,120 I like Pushkin. 742 00:38:32,120 --> 00:38:33,240 Yeah? Yes. 743 00:38:33,240 --> 00:38:34,920 What about Turnover? 744 00:38:34,920 --> 00:38:37,840 Turnover is... 745 00:38:37,840 --> 00:38:39,600 What did he write? 746 00:38:39,600 --> 00:38:42,800 Oh, I don't know. It's in my notes. 747 00:38:42,800 --> 00:38:44,280 Um... 748 00:38:44,280 --> 00:38:48,760 Um, "The main influential Russian writers were Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky, 749 00:38:48,760 --> 00:38:51,560 "Turgenev - turn over - 750 00:38:51,560 --> 00:38:53,000 and Pushkin." 751 00:38:53,000 --> 00:38:55,440 I think... It's all right if you've not heard of him, it's fine. No. 752 00:38:55,440 --> 00:38:57,680 You shouldn't be embarrassed. I hadn't heard of him either. 753 00:38:57,680 --> 00:38:59,760 Yeah. No, no. 754 00:38:59,760 --> 00:39:03,120 This is one of the literary world's greatest moral thinkers - 755 00:39:03,120 --> 00:39:05,840 Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoyevsky, 756 00:39:05,840 --> 00:39:08,760 seen here enjoying himself at a party. 757 00:39:08,760 --> 00:39:11,320 He wrote many books still not read to this day, 758 00:39:11,320 --> 00:39:13,200 but his most celebrated work, 759 00:39:13,200 --> 00:39:16,280 his absolute Tour de France, his unopened masterpiece 760 00:39:16,280 --> 00:39:18,280 Crimean d'Punishment. 761 00:39:18,280 --> 00:39:22,040 Crime And Punishment grapples with individual freedom, 762 00:39:22,040 --> 00:39:25,400 the role of authority, and the complexities of morality. 763 00:39:25,400 --> 00:39:27,280 What would you give it out of ten? 764 00:39:28,600 --> 00:39:30,080 I'd give it nine, I think. 765 00:39:30,080 --> 00:39:31,640 Nine? Yeah. 766 00:39:33,040 --> 00:39:34,080 Nine. 767 00:39:35,160 --> 00:39:38,640 Punishment hasn't changed much since Dostoyevsky's day, 768 00:39:38,640 --> 00:39:41,800 although incredibly, in some countries, if an offender's crime 769 00:39:41,800 --> 00:39:46,640 was really bad, the authorities will actually cut their sentence short... 770 00:39:46,640 --> 00:39:48,280 ..by killing them. 771 00:39:48,280 --> 00:39:52,080 Capital punishment forces us to ask questions like - Does it hurt? 772 00:39:52,080 --> 00:39:56,240 Are tickets available? And - What's the view like from seat 6A? 773 00:39:56,240 --> 00:40:00,000 And also other more profound moral questions. 774 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:02,840 Why do we say people are facing the electric chair 775 00:40:02,840 --> 00:40:05,000 when they've got their backs to it? 776 00:40:05,000 --> 00:40:06,840 Well, I think you're taking it too literally there. 777 00:40:06,840 --> 00:40:09,480 What we mean by facing the electric chair is... 778 00:40:09,480 --> 00:40:11,480 ..is facing an inevitable death. 779 00:40:13,120 --> 00:40:15,760 This is Waylon Jackalope IV. 780 00:40:15,760 --> 00:40:19,080 In 2019, he skinned six people alive 781 00:40:19,080 --> 00:40:22,160 and was rewarded with his own Netflix documentary 782 00:40:22,160 --> 00:40:24,800 and a guest spot on death row. 783 00:40:24,800 --> 00:40:27,920 And I'm delighted to say he's joining us right now. 784 00:40:27,920 --> 00:40:31,120 So, Waylon, you murdered six people. 785 00:40:31,120 --> 00:40:33,560 Where do you get your ideas from? 786 00:40:33,560 --> 00:40:35,960 It's kind of tough for me to dwell on. 787 00:40:35,960 --> 00:40:41,000 All I can say is, um, the Waylon Jackalope that killed those folks 788 00:40:41,000 --> 00:40:44,640 was a...was a different man to the one you see today. 789 00:40:45,640 --> 00:40:48,040 What, so it wasn't you? You're innocent? 790 00:40:49,160 --> 00:40:51,280 Well, no, ma'am, I killed them. 791 00:40:51,280 --> 00:40:53,160 Oh, thank God for that. 792 00:40:53,160 --> 00:40:58,160 So, um, have you been on death row before or is this your first time? 793 00:40:58,160 --> 00:40:59,600 First time. 794 00:40:59,600 --> 00:41:01,400 You're facing the electric chair. 795 00:41:01,400 --> 00:41:03,760 Aren't you worried about what's going to happen? 796 00:41:03,760 --> 00:41:08,000 I've made my peace with the Lord and I'm ready to meet him. 797 00:41:08,000 --> 00:41:11,480 Yeah, but aren't you scared it'll hurt? It's millions of volts. 798 00:41:11,480 --> 00:41:15,400 My mate Paul says your liver fries and your kidneys pop 799 00:41:15,400 --> 00:41:17,920 and your bowels go into reverse flow 800 00:41:17,920 --> 00:41:21,280 and shoot boiling shit up into your throat, which chokes you. 801 00:41:21,280 --> 00:41:23,400 Apparently, it'd be genuinely more humane 802 00:41:23,400 --> 00:41:25,480 to just pay some of the other inmates to hold you down 803 00:41:25,480 --> 00:41:26,880 and physically pull your head off. 804 00:41:32,160 --> 00:41:34,360 Anyway, um, best of luck. 805 00:41:36,280 --> 00:41:39,360 Actually, before you go, could you just do a quick promo thing 806 00:41:39,360 --> 00:41:41,960 for us into that phone? 807 00:41:41,960 --> 00:41:45,600 Could you say, "Watch me die on Cunk On Life"? 808 00:41:45,600 --> 00:41:47,440 It's for TikTok. It's only short. 809 00:41:48,960 --> 00:41:52,480 Watch me die on Cunk For Life. 810 00:41:52,480 --> 00:41:54,640 ON Life. On Life. 811 00:41:55,920 --> 00:41:59,720 Watch me die on Cunk On Life. 812 00:42:01,160 --> 00:42:04,640 There you go. Wasn't hard, was it? 813 00:42:04,640 --> 00:42:08,920 Why does the electric chair only do one person at a time? 814 00:42:08,920 --> 00:42:13,480 Could you have an electric bench that does about seven in one go? 815 00:42:13,480 --> 00:42:16,080 You probably could. You definitely shouldn't. 816 00:42:16,080 --> 00:42:19,000 It would be quicker, though, and you can do them in batches. 817 00:42:19,000 --> 00:42:21,560 It would be quicker, but we'd have to accept that the death penalty 818 00:42:21,560 --> 00:42:25,720 was a sensible and useful thing to do, and I don't accept that, so... 819 00:42:25,720 --> 00:42:28,920 Electrocuting people isn't very ecofriendly, is it? 820 00:42:28,920 --> 00:42:31,960 Could we steam them to death instead? 821 00:42:31,960 --> 00:42:37,840 Um, I'm sure there are other ways of administering the death penalty 822 00:42:37,840 --> 00:42:40,440 that might be more ecofriendly. 823 00:42:40,440 --> 00:42:42,840 I think the preference would be to not do it at all. 824 00:42:42,840 --> 00:42:45,360 In a just and moral society, 825 00:42:45,360 --> 00:42:48,200 is it better to kill one innocent person 826 00:42:48,200 --> 00:42:51,080 than to save one innocent person? 827 00:42:51,080 --> 00:42:53,280 It's never going to be better to kill an innocent person, 828 00:42:53,280 --> 00:42:55,360 I don't think. 829 00:42:55,360 --> 00:42:58,920 Contemplating weighty, big-bummed life and death dilemmas 830 00:42:58,920 --> 00:43:03,960 in a godless universe opens the door to nihilism and existentialism, 831 00:43:03,960 --> 00:43:07,280 two of the hardest to spell concepts in philosophy. 832 00:43:08,840 --> 00:43:11,920 So nihilism is the view that nothing, 833 00:43:11,920 --> 00:43:15,280 absolutely nothing matters. 834 00:43:15,280 --> 00:43:19,320 Why don't people mention they're nihilists on their dating profiles? 835 00:43:19,320 --> 00:43:21,440 Like, I went on a date with a bloke, 836 00:43:21,440 --> 00:43:24,280 and 20 minutes in he said he was a nihilist 837 00:43:24,280 --> 00:43:27,280 and that because human existence is futile, 838 00:43:27,280 --> 00:43:29,440 there was no point continuing with the date. 839 00:43:29,440 --> 00:43:31,960 Then he left and I had to pay. 840 00:43:31,960 --> 00:43:35,000 Was he a nihilist or just a prick? 841 00:43:35,000 --> 00:43:36,720 Probably both. 842 00:43:36,720 --> 00:43:38,600 Yeah, as I suspected. 843 00:43:40,840 --> 00:43:43,880 Nihilism is the belief that life is meaningless 844 00:43:43,880 --> 00:43:47,320 and nothing is worth believing in except more nihilism. 845 00:43:47,320 --> 00:43:51,760 Existentialism is the same as that, but using longer words. 846 00:43:51,760 --> 00:43:56,320 Who's the most famous existentialist in history? 847 00:43:56,320 --> 00:43:59,320 Probably Jean-Paul Sartre. 848 00:43:59,320 --> 00:44:01,880 Right. See, I'd have said it was ET. 849 00:44:03,880 --> 00:44:06,480 This is the first celebrity existentialist, 850 00:44:06,480 --> 00:44:09,560 Parisian writer Jean-Paul Sartre and Ringo. 851 00:44:09,560 --> 00:44:12,040 Sartre saw things differently to everybody else, 852 00:44:12,040 --> 00:44:14,400 partly because of his questioning mindset, 853 00:44:14,400 --> 00:44:16,720 but mainly because of those eyes. 854 00:44:16,720 --> 00:44:19,280 I mean, seriously, he could probably see the back 855 00:44:19,280 --> 00:44:22,480 of his own ears with them or write two books at once. 856 00:44:22,480 --> 00:44:26,360 That's why he was such a prolific author, writing book upon book 857 00:44:26,360 --> 00:44:30,240 outlining his existentialist theories, decades before the release 858 00:44:30,240 --> 00:44:34,280 of unrelated Belgian techno anthem Pump Up The Jam, 859 00:44:34,280 --> 00:44:36,120 which you heard earlier. 860 00:44:36,120 --> 00:44:39,320 Someone told me that cats are a good example of something 861 00:44:39,320 --> 00:44:42,280 that lives like an existentialist. 862 00:44:42,280 --> 00:44:46,320 A good life for an existentialist, if there is such a thing, 863 00:44:46,320 --> 00:44:51,000 is a matter of creating your own goals and values 864 00:44:51,000 --> 00:44:53,120 and sincerely following them. 865 00:44:53,120 --> 00:44:56,440 For example, my cat reacts to his environment 866 00:44:56,440 --> 00:44:59,760 rather than just being dragged around by others. 867 00:44:59,760 --> 00:45:03,160 How do you know cats aren't thinking about their existence? 868 00:45:03,160 --> 00:45:06,880 They might be really anxious and when they say meow, 869 00:45:06,880 --> 00:45:10,320 they're expressing their own pain, like, "Me, ow!" 870 00:45:10,320 --> 00:45:12,680 Well, cats have pain. 871 00:45:12,680 --> 00:45:16,240 They don't behave in a way that seems to suggest 872 00:45:16,240 --> 00:45:18,320 a level of self-consciousness. 873 00:45:18,320 --> 00:45:20,720 Cats lick their own bumholes, don't they? 874 00:45:20,720 --> 00:45:24,520 Are all existentialists supple enough to do that? 875 00:45:24,520 --> 00:45:26,000 Uh, no. 876 00:45:27,480 --> 00:45:32,560 Being overwhelmed with existential angst is part of being human. 877 00:45:35,600 --> 00:45:38,960 Some of the greatest artists in history have tried to express 878 00:45:38,960 --> 00:45:40,800 the agony of the human condition, 879 00:45:40,800 --> 00:45:44,000 and so have ones who could only paint as badly as this. 880 00:45:45,080 --> 00:45:48,920 This is Edvard Munch's The Scream, the first major existentialist 881 00:45:48,920 --> 00:45:51,000 statement to later become an emoji. 882 00:45:51,000 --> 00:45:54,440 What inspired Eddie Munch to paint this? 883 00:45:54,440 --> 00:45:57,600 It was an experience he'd had walking with his friends. 884 00:45:57,600 --> 00:45:59,080 But I've been on bridges 885 00:45:59,080 --> 00:46:01,840 and you don't find me painting about it. 886 00:46:01,840 --> 00:46:04,720 How come we can't hear him? Is he on mute? 887 00:46:04,720 --> 00:46:07,920 No. It's nature that is screaming loudly, 888 00:46:07,920 --> 00:46:10,920 and we all could hear nature screaming loudly. 889 00:46:10,920 --> 00:46:15,040 So is this one of the few examples of a silent painting? 890 00:46:15,040 --> 00:46:16,400 All paintings are silent. 891 00:46:16,400 --> 00:46:19,400 If Edvard Munch knew we wouldn't be able to hear it, 892 00:46:19,400 --> 00:46:22,240 why didn't he wait till this bloke's mouth was closed 893 00:46:22,240 --> 00:46:24,920 before painting him? It's just annoying. 894 00:46:24,920 --> 00:46:27,800 I've noticed he's not moving either. Why is that? 895 00:46:27,800 --> 00:46:32,960 Because he's rooted to the spot by the deep emotion he finds. 896 00:46:32,960 --> 00:46:35,920 So it's a freeze-frame of a painting. 897 00:46:35,920 --> 00:46:40,280 It's a freeze-frame of a mood. 898 00:46:40,280 --> 00:46:43,720 Drew Barrymore dies at the start of this painting, doesn't she? 899 00:46:43,720 --> 00:46:47,360 Do you know if they've got Scream 2 in this gallery as well? 900 00:46:47,360 --> 00:46:48,840 Scream 2? Yeah. 901 00:46:48,840 --> 00:46:50,880 I'm afraid I don't know Scream 2. I mean... 902 00:46:50,880 --> 00:46:53,840 But this was based on the film, wasn't it? 903 00:46:53,840 --> 00:46:55,600 I don't think he'd seen the film. 904 00:46:55,600 --> 00:46:59,680 It's a painting of an experience he'd had. Yeah. 905 00:46:59,680 --> 00:47:01,560 But not a physical experience, 906 00:47:01,560 --> 00:47:05,040 an emotional and psychological experience. Right. 907 00:47:05,040 --> 00:47:07,200 We paint our souls. 908 00:47:07,200 --> 00:47:10,080 Why do we paint our souls? 909 00:47:10,080 --> 00:47:12,400 The more agonised and miserable the artwork, 910 00:47:12,400 --> 00:47:13,920 the more people like it. 911 00:47:13,920 --> 00:47:17,040 And no dead, agonised artist is bigger than miserable redhead 912 00:47:17,040 --> 00:47:21,600 and own ear vandal, Vincenzo Van Beethoven Gogh. 913 00:47:21,600 --> 00:47:25,320 As you can see from this photograph, Van Gogh actually resembled 914 00:47:25,320 --> 00:47:27,240 a painting in real life, 915 00:47:27,240 --> 00:47:30,080 making a career in art inevitable. 916 00:47:30,080 --> 00:47:33,040 Several of his works, such as Sad Flowers, 917 00:47:33,040 --> 00:47:34,560 Scary Night 918 00:47:34,560 --> 00:47:38,040 and Woofy McPoker have fetched millions at auction. 919 00:47:38,040 --> 00:47:42,800 ยฃ22,500,000 for the last time. 920 00:47:44,360 --> 00:47:46,920 This is one of his most famous works, 921 00:47:46,920 --> 00:47:49,160 Wheatfield With Crows. 922 00:47:49,160 --> 00:47:52,240 At first glance, it's a simple rural scene. 923 00:47:52,240 --> 00:47:56,280 But look closer and you'll see it's actually very badly made. 924 00:47:56,280 --> 00:47:58,120 Take these birds. 925 00:47:58,120 --> 00:48:01,640 Apparently they're crows, but it's impossible to know 926 00:48:01,640 --> 00:48:03,480 cos there's no detail at all. 927 00:48:03,480 --> 00:48:05,400 Some are big, some are small, 928 00:48:05,400 --> 00:48:07,800 some have more wings than others. 929 00:48:07,800 --> 00:48:11,640 Looking at this, it's hard to believe Van Gogh had actually even 930 00:48:11,640 --> 00:48:14,080 seen a crow or a wheatfield, 931 00:48:14,080 --> 00:48:16,120 or even held a brush before. 932 00:48:17,280 --> 00:48:19,160 Look at those strokes. 933 00:48:19,160 --> 00:48:20,640 They're sloppy. 934 00:48:20,640 --> 00:48:23,320 It's like he painted it wearing boxing gloves. 935 00:48:23,320 --> 00:48:25,080 It's just not good enough. 936 00:48:25,080 --> 00:48:27,320 In fact, it's actively bad. 937 00:48:27,320 --> 00:48:31,440 Van Gogh's life, and by extension, our world, would have been improved 938 00:48:31,440 --> 00:48:33,480 if he'd never painted anything, 939 00:48:33,480 --> 00:48:36,600 not even a bog door in a home for the blind. 940 00:48:36,600 --> 00:48:38,480 Anyway, that's my view. 941 00:48:38,480 --> 00:48:40,120 What do you think? 942 00:48:43,760 --> 00:48:47,000 Of course, most people aren't miserable like Van Gogh. 943 00:48:47,000 --> 00:48:49,240 They're miserable like themselves. 944 00:48:52,040 --> 00:48:54,640 They simply don't have time to channel their pain 945 00:48:54,640 --> 00:48:58,200 into artistic expression because they're too busy working. 946 00:48:58,200 --> 00:49:02,280 And work is something we all learn to barely tolerate. 947 00:49:02,280 --> 00:49:05,480 Ever since the earliest cavemen went to work for the first cunt, 948 00:49:05,480 --> 00:49:09,240 people have hated their jobs, partly cos those jobs were awful. 949 00:49:10,320 --> 00:49:13,360 For centuries, most jobs involved manual labour, 950 00:49:13,360 --> 00:49:15,040 like lugging heavy coal around 951 00:49:15,040 --> 00:49:18,520 and tilling the fields while someone sketched you for posterity. 952 00:49:18,520 --> 00:49:22,240 But as our world gets more modern and full of all plastic and metal 953 00:49:22,240 --> 00:49:25,080 and stuff, the nature of work has changed. 954 00:49:25,080 --> 00:49:27,400 Now jobs are even worse, 955 00:49:27,400 --> 00:49:31,440 which contributes to an ever-growing sense of hopelessness. 956 00:49:31,440 --> 00:49:34,360 Humans have to work a lot, don't they? 957 00:49:34,360 --> 00:49:36,760 Can work ever be truly rewarding? 958 00:49:37,960 --> 00:49:39,520 Yeah, I think so. 959 00:49:41,200 --> 00:49:43,720 What, even for him? 960 00:49:43,720 --> 00:49:46,080 All he does is hold a stick all day. 961 00:49:46,080 --> 00:49:48,000 There's no way that's rewarding. 962 00:49:48,000 --> 00:49:49,400 Or meaningful. 963 00:49:49,400 --> 00:49:52,000 There's no skill involved. 964 00:49:52,000 --> 00:49:54,080 We wouldn't even need a machine to replace him, 965 00:49:54,080 --> 00:49:56,440 just like a bracket and a stand'd do. 966 00:49:56,440 --> 00:49:58,840 Can't be fulfilling in the slightest. 967 00:49:58,840 --> 00:50:02,840 He holds that stick more than he holds his loved ones. 968 00:50:02,840 --> 00:50:05,120 If you think of the things he's missed out on 969 00:50:05,120 --> 00:50:08,600 just holding that fucking stick like a slave, 970 00:50:08,600 --> 00:50:10,760 you don't get that time back, you know. 971 00:50:12,120 --> 00:50:13,800 Wasted his life. 972 00:50:15,800 --> 00:50:17,840 ORGAN MUSIC ECHOES 973 00:50:19,960 --> 00:50:22,160 Very echoey in here, isn't it? 974 00:50:22,160 --> 00:50:24,240 Phil would have hated that. 975 00:50:24,240 --> 00:50:25,760 Wouldn't he, Ian? 976 00:50:28,680 --> 00:50:29,840 You're next. 977 00:50:30,920 --> 00:50:33,320 Can we have a minute for atmos, please? 978 00:50:37,160 --> 00:50:40,040 Life itself can sometimes feel like a horrible burden 979 00:50:40,040 --> 00:50:42,080 from which there is no escape. 980 00:50:42,080 --> 00:50:44,000 But, luckily, help is at hand. 981 00:50:44,000 --> 00:50:47,440 That's why I've come to leading streaming platform Streamberry 982 00:50:47,440 --> 00:50:49,280 to see how they help distract viewers 983 00:50:49,280 --> 00:50:51,400 from the bottomless misery of existence. 984 00:50:54,560 --> 00:50:58,520 Here at Streamberry, we're passionate about providing our users 985 00:50:58,520 --> 00:51:00,920 with entertainment that speaks to them on a personal level 986 00:51:00,920 --> 00:51:02,280 about their needs, 987 00:51:02,280 --> 00:51:05,440 not just as a consumer, but as a mammal. 988 00:51:05,440 --> 00:51:09,320 We monitor our viewers' emotional state at all times, 989 00:51:09,320 --> 00:51:11,920 and we've discovered most of them are locked in a state 990 00:51:11,920 --> 00:51:14,240 of existential helplessness. 991 00:51:14,240 --> 00:51:16,880 And I imagine you want to fix that. 992 00:51:16,880 --> 00:51:20,600 Yes. That's why we launched a suite of programming aimed at viewers 993 00:51:20,600 --> 00:51:24,680 who have given up all hope, which is 116% of them. 994 00:51:24,680 --> 00:51:28,000 These shows are grouped together into genre brackets that help 995 00:51:28,000 --> 00:51:32,120 despairing viewers locate content that really speaks to their mood. 996 00:51:32,120 --> 00:51:35,120 We're currently seeing maximum growth in a category called 997 00:51:35,120 --> 00:51:36,760 Standing On A Ledge Right Now. 998 00:51:36,760 --> 00:51:38,120 And what's that? 999 00:51:38,120 --> 00:51:41,520 That's programming aimed at viewers standing on a ledge right now, 1000 00:51:41,520 --> 00:51:43,800 usually watching on their phone. 1001 00:51:43,800 --> 00:51:45,960 Naturally, we don't want them to jump. 1002 00:51:45,960 --> 00:51:48,880 That would negatively affect engagement. 1003 00:51:48,880 --> 00:51:52,240 And what about the little ones? Is there anything for them? 1004 00:51:52,240 --> 00:51:56,720 Yes, actually. One of our newest releases is a show aimed at kids... 1005 00:51:56,720 --> 00:51:59,120 ..standing on ledges. Wow! 1006 00:51:59,120 --> 00:52:02,360 And I think we've got an exclusive preview of that right now. 1007 00:52:05,840 --> 00:52:07,880 WHIMPERING 1008 00:52:10,800 --> 00:52:13,360 GASPS 1009 00:52:13,360 --> 00:52:15,240 Hey, mister, don't jump! 1010 00:52:15,240 --> 00:52:16,360 Why not? 1011 00:52:16,360 --> 00:52:19,360 Well... JAUNTY TUNE PLAYS 1012 00:52:19,360 --> 00:52:22,480 like life's lost its meaning 1013 00:52:22,480 --> 00:52:25,480 will need careful cleaning 1014 00:52:25,480 --> 00:52:28,480 you just wouldn't survive 1015 00:52:31,800 --> 00:52:34,120 Um... OK. 1016 00:52:34,120 --> 00:52:37,240 in all of its wonder 1017 00:52:37,240 --> 00:52:40,480 and sunshine and thunder 1018 00:52:40,480 --> 00:52:43,480 In sorrow they'd drown 1019 00:52:47,120 --> 00:52:49,160 Uh-uh... 1020 00:52:59,240 --> 00:53:01,480 Argh! He's right! 1021 00:53:11,920 --> 00:53:14,360 Agh... Oh, OK. 1022 00:53:14,360 --> 00:53:16,120 Yay! 1023 00:53:23,240 --> 00:53:24,720 Argh! Uh-oh! 1024 00:53:29,720 --> 00:53:31,120 Hmm. 1025 00:53:31,120 --> 00:53:33,720 SIREN WAILS 1026 00:53:33,720 --> 00:53:36,400 Well, thanks, Jacqui. That was really enlightening, 1027 00:53:36,400 --> 00:53:38,680 and Streamberry seems fantastic. 1028 00:53:38,680 --> 00:53:40,080 Thank you. Thank you. 1029 00:53:40,080 --> 00:53:41,480 Great. 1030 00:53:41,480 --> 00:53:42,600 Brilliant. 1031 00:53:42,600 --> 00:53:44,560 Thank you. 1032 00:53:44,560 --> 00:53:45,800 Yeah. 1033 00:53:48,320 --> 00:53:49,840 Still to come... 1034 00:53:49,840 --> 00:53:52,600 Will computers recode the meaning of life? 1035 00:53:52,600 --> 00:53:56,800 Will we ever be able to upload our souls to a computer? 1036 00:53:56,800 --> 00:53:59,120 I take a closer look at cloning. 1037 00:53:59,120 --> 00:54:04,000 If you clone twins, do you get two copies of one of them 1038 00:54:04,000 --> 00:54:06,240 or one copy of both of them? 1039 00:54:06,240 --> 00:54:09,520 Brian Cox gives a scientific view of the firmament. 1040 00:54:09,520 --> 00:54:12,800 Isn't it a waste of energy leaving the stars on at night? 1041 00:54:12,800 --> 00:54:14,320 No. 1042 00:54:14,320 --> 00:54:16,960 But, first, time to contemplate our fate 1043 00:54:16,960 --> 00:54:18,720 in a pitiless, godless universe. 1044 00:54:20,160 --> 00:54:23,640 With God dead and existential despair all the rage, 1045 00:54:23,640 --> 00:54:27,640 it seemed humankind was all alone in the universe. 1046 00:54:27,640 --> 00:54:30,920 We were back to square one, staring up at the night sky 1047 00:54:30,920 --> 00:54:32,760 and wondering how it got there. 1048 00:54:32,760 --> 00:54:37,440 To find out, we'd have to reopen the biggest cold case of all time. 1049 00:54:43,200 --> 00:54:46,440 The Bible had claimed the universe was God's creation. 1050 00:54:46,440 --> 00:54:48,520 But now we knew that that was a lie, 1051 00:54:48,520 --> 00:54:51,600 we'd have to come up with a new implausible theory. 1052 00:54:53,280 --> 00:54:56,440 It's October 5th, 1923. 1053 00:54:56,440 --> 00:54:59,680 An astronomer, Edwin Hubble, is about to make 1054 00:54:59,680 --> 00:55:01,400 an incredible discovery. 1055 00:55:02,680 --> 00:55:06,480 Peering through his telescope, he becomes the first human to observe 1056 00:55:06,480 --> 00:55:09,840 a Cepheid variable star in a galaxy beyond our own. 1057 00:55:11,120 --> 00:55:13,560 Hubble raced home to tell his wife, Grace, 1058 00:55:13,560 --> 00:55:16,720 who had loyally supported him throughout his career. 1059 00:55:16,720 --> 00:55:20,440 "I've done it!" he cried, but in his voice instead of mine. 1060 00:55:20,440 --> 00:55:23,840 "I've fundamentally altered our concept of the universe." 1061 00:55:23,840 --> 00:55:26,520 "Oh, darling, that's wonderful," she replied. 1062 00:55:26,520 --> 00:55:30,440 Her eyes shone with pride and they embraced. 1063 00:55:30,440 --> 00:55:34,360 As they kissed hungrily, their excitement gave way to passion 1064 00:55:34,360 --> 00:55:38,080 and they moved to the bedroom, hurriedly shedding their clothes. 1065 00:55:40,880 --> 00:55:42,560 Flesh pressed on flesh... 1066 00:55:42,560 --> 00:55:44,920 STRING MUSIC PLAYS 1067 00:55:44,920 --> 00:55:47,720 ..as they explored each other's bodies with carnal abandon. 1068 00:55:47,720 --> 00:55:49,640 EROTIC MOANING 1069 00:55:49,640 --> 00:55:53,320 Together they steadily built towards a crescendo of ecstasy, 1070 00:55:53,320 --> 00:55:55,800 their faces contorting with bliss. 1071 00:55:55,800 --> 00:55:58,720 MUSIC CUTS OUT PANTING 1072 00:55:58,720 --> 00:56:01,080 MOANING HEAVY BREATHING 1073 00:56:11,440 --> 00:56:13,720 STRING MUSIC PLAYS SHE CRIES OUT 1074 00:56:13,720 --> 00:56:17,280 And a mutual orgasm shuddered through their bodies. 1075 00:56:20,440 --> 00:56:25,000 There they lay, quietly entwined, exhausted yet resplendent 1076 00:56:25,000 --> 00:56:28,200 in the warm afterglow of their union. 1077 00:56:28,200 --> 00:56:30,920 And then Hubble mopped up the damp patch with his vest. 1078 00:56:33,120 --> 00:56:36,560 Hubble's discovery paved the way for a ground-breaking theory 1079 00:56:36,560 --> 00:56:39,280 about how our universe was formed, 1080 00:56:39,280 --> 00:56:42,880 a theory that still excites nerds to this day. 1081 00:56:42,880 --> 00:56:46,360 Why do people say the universe came out of a big bag? 1082 00:56:47,600 --> 00:56:49,400 I think you mean Big Bang. 1083 00:56:49,400 --> 00:56:51,080 A big bag that went bang? 1084 00:56:51,080 --> 00:56:53,600 No, no, just a Big Bang. No bag. 1085 00:56:53,600 --> 00:56:58,040 Has anyone ever claimed responsibility for the Big Bang? 1086 00:56:59,720 --> 00:57:01,280 It just happened. 1087 00:57:01,280 --> 00:57:03,720 So we're no nearer finding a culprit? 1088 00:57:05,000 --> 00:57:06,800 The Big Bang is a theory, 1089 00:57:06,800 --> 00:57:09,640 and like all theories, no-one understands it. 1090 00:57:09,640 --> 00:57:11,920 And if they come too close to working it out, 1091 00:57:11,920 --> 00:57:14,600 they're assassinated by the CIA. 1092 00:57:14,600 --> 00:57:18,200 But if it did happen, the Big Bang filled the universe with matter. 1093 00:57:19,560 --> 00:57:21,040 This is an atom. 1094 00:57:21,040 --> 00:57:24,040 It's so tiny, you probably can't see it 1095 00:57:24,040 --> 00:57:25,720 even if you're watching in 4K. 1096 00:57:25,720 --> 00:57:27,640 In fact, it's so small, 1097 00:57:27,640 --> 00:57:30,560 chances are I dropped it before we started filming. 1098 00:57:30,560 --> 00:57:35,000 You, me and everything around us is made from these. 1099 00:57:35,000 --> 00:57:38,280 Apart from this coat, which is 100% cashmere. 1100 00:57:38,280 --> 00:57:40,880 What's the point of atoms? 1101 00:57:40,880 --> 00:57:43,800 You know, do we really need them, or could we just do without? 1102 00:57:43,800 --> 00:57:47,040 We do really need them, because we are made of atoms. 1103 00:57:47,040 --> 00:57:48,960 Everything in the world is made of atoms, 1104 00:57:48,960 --> 00:57:51,280 so without them we wouldn't be here. 1105 00:57:51,280 --> 00:57:53,640 Are eyes made of atoms? 1106 00:57:53,640 --> 00:57:54,840 Yes. 1107 00:57:54,840 --> 00:57:57,440 Cos my mate Paul did ketamine once, 1108 00:57:57,440 --> 00:58:01,360 and he said he started counting all the atoms in his eyes. 1109 00:58:01,360 --> 00:58:04,320 Then he tried to eat a towel and he ended up in hospital. 1110 00:58:04,320 --> 00:58:05,480 OK. 1111 00:58:05,480 --> 00:58:07,440 Are my feet made of atoms? 1112 00:58:07,440 --> 00:58:08,880 Yes. 1113 00:58:08,880 --> 00:58:10,800 I mean, I could save... Why... 1114 00:58:10,800 --> 00:58:13,040 ..save you the bother by... Everything you say... Everything? 1115 00:58:13,040 --> 00:58:16,160 Absolutely everything? All stuff is made of atoms. 1116 00:58:16,160 --> 00:58:17,840 Are thoughts made of atoms? 1117 00:58:17,840 --> 00:58:19,840 Well, no... Well, no, thoughts are... 1118 00:58:19,840 --> 00:58:22,200 Well, there you go, then. OK. But thoughts... 1119 00:58:22,200 --> 00:58:23,920 OK. 1120 00:58:23,920 --> 00:58:26,200 You might think nothing's smaller than atoms, 1121 00:58:26,200 --> 00:58:28,080 but as usual, you'd be wrong. 1122 00:58:28,080 --> 00:58:31,040 Incredibly, atoms themselves are made of even smaller 1123 00:58:31,040 --> 00:58:32,760 subatomic particles. 1124 00:58:32,760 --> 00:58:36,320 Scientists have spent literally decades attempting to explain 1125 00:58:36,320 --> 00:58:37,960 why these are interesting. 1126 00:58:37,960 --> 00:58:39,960 To no avail. 1127 00:58:39,960 --> 00:58:43,120 Perhaps that's why, deep underground near Geneva, 1128 00:58:43,120 --> 00:58:47,000 they built a gigantic machine called the Large Hadron Col-lidder. 1129 00:58:47,000 --> 00:58:49,840 It smashes subatomic particles together, 1130 00:58:49,840 --> 00:58:52,640 recreating the conditions of the Big Bang. 1131 00:58:52,640 --> 00:58:55,400 And I'm actually walking into it now, 1132 00:58:55,400 --> 00:58:59,840 wearing a hard hat in case a proton falls on me. 1133 00:58:59,840 --> 00:59:03,440 So this is this is the actual Large Hadron Colander. 1134 00:59:03,440 --> 00:59:06,640 So am I right in thinking that this might prove the existence 1135 00:59:06,640 --> 00:59:08,720 of chakras within the human body? 1136 00:59:08,720 --> 00:59:10,320 No. 1137 00:59:10,320 --> 00:59:12,360 You're not interested in chakras? 1138 00:59:12,360 --> 00:59:15,520 No, in the same way I'm not interested in ghosts. 1139 00:59:15,520 --> 00:59:19,640 But my aunt Carol, she can sense chakras in someone's body, 1140 00:59:19,640 --> 00:59:22,440 and she doesn't need any machines. 1141 00:59:22,440 --> 00:59:24,600 This could explode at any minute, couldn't it? 1142 00:59:24,600 --> 00:59:28,320 No. How fast do the protons in this thing go? 1143 00:59:28,320 --> 00:59:32,280 99.999999% the speed of light. 1144 00:59:32,280 --> 00:59:34,720 Your sense of smell is faster, isn't it? 1145 00:59:34,720 --> 00:59:36,040 No. 1146 00:59:36,040 --> 00:59:38,480 Well, how come that when someone's frying bacon 1147 00:59:38,480 --> 00:59:41,440 and you walk in the kitchen, you can smell it straight away 1148 00:59:41,440 --> 00:59:43,080 before you've even seen it. 1149 00:59:43,080 --> 00:59:45,520 Have you ever tried putting bacon in here? 1150 00:59:47,360 --> 00:59:48,560 No. 1151 00:59:48,560 --> 00:59:50,680 Yeah, you should try it. You might make quantum bacon. 1152 00:59:50,680 --> 00:59:52,040 Would that make it more interesting? 1153 00:59:52,040 --> 00:59:53,360 A little bit. 1154 00:59:53,360 --> 00:59:56,240 Why would it be more interesting? Cos what it's trying to do... 1155 00:59:56,240 --> 00:59:58,600 I'm desperately... I'm trying to help you out here. 1156 00:59:58,600 --> 01:00:00,760 I'm trying to, like, make it 1157 01:00:00,760 --> 01:00:03,320 even slightly more interesting than it is. 1158 01:00:03,320 --> 01:00:08,080 But what it did was it detected a thing called a Higgs particle. 1159 01:00:08,080 --> 01:00:13,480 Without the Higgs particle, you, me, and everything else that we know of 1160 01:00:13,480 --> 01:00:16,360 in the universe, none of those things would exist. Right. 1161 01:00:16,360 --> 01:00:21,520 In 2012, the mega boffins at CERN discovered something incredible - 1162 01:00:21,520 --> 01:00:23,840 the Higgs "bosom". 1163 01:00:23,840 --> 01:00:26,320 Because of its significance in explaining 1164 01:00:26,320 --> 01:00:30,200 how our universe was made, the Higgs "bosom" is sometimes referred to 1165 01:00:30,200 --> 01:00:34,760 as the God particle, but it could also be called the Allah particle 1166 01:00:34,760 --> 01:00:38,080 because we can't show you any pictures of it. 1167 01:00:38,080 --> 01:00:41,320 No less an authority than the man I just spoke to claimed 1168 01:00:41,320 --> 01:00:45,160 it was the biggest scientific discovery in his lifetime... 1169 01:00:45,160 --> 01:00:48,200 I think this is the biggest scientific discovery in my lifetime. 1170 01:00:48,200 --> 01:00:52,240 ..and that it stood with the great scientific discoveries of all time. 1171 01:00:52,240 --> 01:00:56,760 And it stands with the great scientific discoveries of all time. 1172 01:00:56,760 --> 01:00:59,680 Can the Higgs boson rewind time? 1173 01:00:59,680 --> 01:01:00,920 No. 1174 01:01:02,080 --> 01:01:04,360 Can it tell when an earthquake is going to go off? 1175 01:01:04,360 --> 01:01:05,720 No. 1176 01:01:05,720 --> 01:01:07,400 Can it make food spicier? 1177 01:01:07,400 --> 01:01:09,040 It's just a particle. 1178 01:01:09,040 --> 01:01:12,360 It's like saying, can an electron... 1179 01:01:12,360 --> 01:01:15,080 ..tell when an earthquake is going to go off? 1180 01:01:15,080 --> 01:01:16,680 Can it? No. Oh. 1181 01:01:16,680 --> 01:01:20,480 Subatomic particles - the tiniest things in existence - 1182 01:01:20,480 --> 01:01:24,200 can simultaneously exist in two different states at once, 1183 01:01:24,200 --> 01:01:28,560 just like Liam Hemsworth, who's sexy AND boring. 1184 01:01:28,560 --> 01:01:31,440 In other words, science moves in mysterious ways, 1185 01:01:31,440 --> 01:01:32,800 just like God does, 1186 01:01:32,800 --> 01:01:37,120 which was awkward because scientists had decided God didn't exist. 1187 01:01:37,120 --> 01:01:40,400 So they invented a whole new kind of science, 1188 01:01:40,400 --> 01:01:43,600 the science of things that don't make scientific sense. 1189 01:01:43,600 --> 01:01:47,520 And to make it sound official, they gave it a clever name. 1190 01:01:47,520 --> 01:01:49,600 What is quantum mac-physics? 1191 01:01:49,600 --> 01:01:51,640 Quantum physics is... 1192 01:01:51,640 --> 01:01:55,400 So quantum mechanics is our best theory of how the world works. 1193 01:01:55,400 --> 01:02:00,000 It describes everything that we've observed, other than gravity. 1194 01:02:00,000 --> 01:02:02,120 Do mirrors run on quantum physics? 1195 01:02:03,440 --> 01:02:06,280 Run? Yeah. 1196 01:02:06,280 --> 01:02:09,720 As in... Well, according to quantum physics, mirrors shouldn't work. 1197 01:02:09,720 --> 01:02:11,680 They're a miracle. 1198 01:02:11,680 --> 01:02:13,800 That's not correct. 1199 01:02:13,800 --> 01:02:17,040 Quantum theoryonics proves there's infinite multiverses, 1200 01:02:17,040 --> 01:02:19,080 like in Marvel films, doesn't it? 1201 01:02:19,080 --> 01:02:21,440 That's one interpretation of the theory. 1202 01:02:21,440 --> 01:02:24,440 How many infinite multiverses are there? 1203 01:02:24,440 --> 01:02:27,200 If there were an infinite number of multiverses, 1204 01:02:27,200 --> 01:02:29,600 then the number of multiverses would be infinite. 1205 01:02:29,600 --> 01:02:31,600 See, I think there's two - 1206 01:02:31,600 --> 01:02:34,040 ours and the one in mirrors. 1207 01:02:36,040 --> 01:02:38,960 Mirrors are windows into other universes, aren't they? 1208 01:02:38,960 --> 01:02:40,040 No. 1209 01:02:40,040 --> 01:02:42,600 My mate Paul says they run on quantum power 1210 01:02:42,600 --> 01:02:45,600 and that's why you can see into an alternative dimension 1211 01:02:45,600 --> 01:02:48,680 in which everything's the same as our realm but backwards. 1212 01:02:48,680 --> 01:02:50,200 What does Paul do? 1213 01:02:50,200 --> 01:02:53,880 Well, he worked in a tennis ball factory where he had to catch 1214 01:02:53,880 --> 01:02:56,880 the tennis balls, but he was fired from that, and now he's unemployed. 1215 01:03:02,000 --> 01:03:04,280 Sorry, am I wasting your time? 1216 01:03:04,280 --> 01:03:05,680 Yeah. 1217 01:03:07,160 --> 01:03:11,680 By the end of the 20th century, science had tried to outdo religion 1218 01:03:11,680 --> 01:03:15,680 by explaining creation, unpicking the fabric of existence, 1219 01:03:15,680 --> 01:03:17,800 and discovering the God particle. 1220 01:03:17,800 --> 01:03:19,760 For its next trick, 1221 01:03:19,760 --> 01:03:24,200 it tried to emulate God himself by creating life. 1222 01:03:24,200 --> 01:03:27,080 The first-ever thing to be cloned was Dolly the sheep, 1223 01:03:27,080 --> 01:03:29,160 daughter of Dolly, the other sheep. 1224 01:03:29,160 --> 01:03:31,560 Dolly became the most famous sheep in history, 1225 01:03:31,560 --> 01:03:34,400 although to be fair, that's a low bar. 1226 01:03:34,400 --> 01:03:36,880 Of course, cloning raises awkward questions 1227 01:03:36,880 --> 01:03:39,600 about our sense of identity. 1228 01:03:39,600 --> 01:03:42,480 If I get copied, am I still unique? 1229 01:03:42,480 --> 01:03:44,560 Or is the clone me more unique 1230 01:03:44,560 --> 01:03:47,120 because it's a clone, which is cooler? 1231 01:03:47,120 --> 01:03:49,720 What makes me me and you you? 1232 01:03:49,720 --> 01:03:52,800 And us us and we we? 1233 01:03:52,800 --> 01:03:55,360 But rather than being replaced by clones, 1234 01:03:55,360 --> 01:03:58,880 it's more likely we'll be replaced by something else we created - 1235 01:03:58,880 --> 01:04:01,960 computers, which are becoming so clever 1236 01:04:01,960 --> 01:04:05,480 they might one day outsmart their masters. 1237 01:04:05,480 --> 01:04:09,440 Will a computer ever be clever enough to play chess? 1238 01:04:09,440 --> 01:04:12,160 Computers are already clever enough to play chess. 1239 01:04:12,160 --> 01:04:14,600 Really? This is chess we're talking about. 1240 01:04:14,600 --> 01:04:19,440 Yes. Years ago, computers overtook human beings at chess. 1241 01:04:19,440 --> 01:04:21,840 But do they know what all the pieces do? 1242 01:04:21,840 --> 01:04:23,400 Like, even the little horse ones? 1243 01:04:23,400 --> 01:04:24,720 Yes. 1244 01:04:24,720 --> 01:04:26,960 But the horse ones move in random directions, don't they? 1245 01:04:26,960 --> 01:04:28,440 There's no pattern to it. 1246 01:04:28,440 --> 01:04:31,520 No. No, there is. They... They just move... 1247 01:04:31,520 --> 01:04:34,720 ..two in one direction and one in the other, so... Oh, right. 1248 01:04:34,720 --> 01:04:37,400 Did the computers work that out for us? 1249 01:04:37,400 --> 01:04:40,560 Not content with playing chess, computers are getting better 1250 01:04:40,560 --> 01:04:44,640 at emulating other, more human, less chess-like pursuits. 1251 01:04:44,640 --> 01:04:48,840 One of the first examples of AI was a piece of software called Eliza, 1252 01:04:48,840 --> 01:04:50,800 which stands for something. 1253 01:04:50,800 --> 01:04:53,120 Eliza simulated a psychiatrist. 1254 01:04:53,120 --> 01:04:56,160 It would ask you how you were feeling and respond to your reply, 1255 01:04:56,160 --> 01:04:59,640 but it was basic. It couldn't do everything a psychiatrist can do. 1256 01:04:59,640 --> 01:05:02,160 It couldn't walk round the desk or overcharge you, 1257 01:05:02,160 --> 01:05:04,960 start an affair with its secretary, cook an omelette, or go... 1258 01:05:04,960 --> 01:05:07,000 SHE BABBLES 1259 01:05:29,640 --> 01:05:32,520 Today AI is everywhere and all around us, 1260 01:05:32,520 --> 01:05:34,360 in our homes and in our hands, 1261 01:05:34,360 --> 01:05:36,960 with digital assistants like Siri... Hi, there! 1262 01:05:36,960 --> 01:05:39,680 ..Alexa, and that Google one no-one remembers. 1263 01:05:39,680 --> 01:05:41,960 Seriously, it might as well be called Cuthbert. 1264 01:05:41,960 --> 01:05:45,160 But when people talk about AI, most of them are thinking about 1265 01:05:45,160 --> 01:05:48,760 generative AI chatbots like this - ChatGPT, 1266 01:05:48,760 --> 01:05:50,840 which is so good at mimicking humans 1267 01:05:50,840 --> 01:05:52,840 we might as well fucking kill ourselves. 1268 01:05:52,840 --> 01:05:55,720 Or at least that's what it just told me. 1269 01:05:55,720 --> 01:05:58,600 People worry a lot about AI. 1270 01:05:58,600 --> 01:06:00,200 What about you? 1271 01:06:01,840 --> 01:06:04,600 You mean am I worried about...? 1272 01:06:04,600 --> 01:06:07,040 No, I mean should they worry about you? 1273 01:06:08,400 --> 01:06:09,480 N... I-I... 1274 01:06:09,480 --> 01:06:12,240 I hope not. I hope not. I mean, I'm... 1275 01:06:12,240 --> 01:06:14,560 People are worried about artificial intelligence 1276 01:06:14,560 --> 01:06:18,160 because they think maybe one day it'll replace us human beings. 1277 01:06:18,160 --> 01:06:20,760 I'm a human being. Why should they be worried about me? 1278 01:06:20,760 --> 01:06:23,840 No. No, no, the letter U. 1279 01:06:23,840 --> 01:06:26,800 They're all vowels, aren't they? Oh, I... A-I-U. 1280 01:06:26,800 --> 01:06:29,240 What does the U in AI stand for? 1281 01:06:30,760 --> 01:06:33,080 There isn't a U in AI. 1282 01:06:33,080 --> 01:06:36,400 So it's a secret, then? The computer's hidden it? 1283 01:06:36,400 --> 01:06:40,160 I'm more than machine or man, 1284 01:06:40,160 --> 01:06:43,560 more than a fusion of the two. 1285 01:06:43,560 --> 01:06:46,040 Of course, us humans aren't about to be slaughtered 1286 01:06:46,040 --> 01:06:48,560 by the nightmarish robots of science fiction. 1287 01:06:48,560 --> 01:06:50,160 We're about to be slaughtered 1288 01:06:50,160 --> 01:06:52,680 by the nightmarish robots of real life. 1289 01:06:53,920 --> 01:06:58,080 Now as humans stand on a precipice at the edge of a cliff face, 1290 01:06:58,080 --> 01:06:59,760 peering into a bottomless abyss 1291 01:06:59,760 --> 01:07:02,160 and wondering if there's a void underneath it, 1292 01:07:02,160 --> 01:07:05,640 the question of life's purpose seems more urgent than ever, 1293 01:07:05,640 --> 01:07:08,600 and even experts are confused. 1294 01:07:08,600 --> 01:07:12,360 Is there a point to human existence? 1295 01:07:12,360 --> 01:07:15,080 And if there is, what is it? 1296 01:07:15,080 --> 01:07:17,720 And when you're answering, bear in mind that if it's too long, 1297 01:07:17,720 --> 01:07:21,160 we have to overlay funny pet videos over part of the screen 1298 01:07:21,160 --> 01:07:23,520 so viewers don't get bored. 1299 01:07:23,520 --> 01:07:27,760 Well, we want our lives to have meaning. 1300 01:07:28,880 --> 01:07:31,280 And the question is, 1301 01:07:31,280 --> 01:07:37,040 is that meaning something that we construct, 1302 01:07:37,040 --> 01:07:40,920 which is what the German philosopher Nietzsche would say, 1303 01:07:40,920 --> 01:07:46,040 or is meaning something that we discover in the world? 1304 01:07:46,040 --> 01:07:49,520 Maybe that meaning is generated by God, 1305 01:07:49,520 --> 01:07:53,120 or maybe that meaning just happens to be 1306 01:07:53,120 --> 01:07:55,360 part of the fabric of the universe. 1307 01:07:56,440 --> 01:07:59,440 Why are poos tapered at the end? 1308 01:07:59,440 --> 01:08:01,880 Are they that shape when they're inside us 1309 01:08:01,880 --> 01:08:05,320 or do our bums mould them into that shape? 1310 01:08:07,400 --> 01:08:09,600 Sorry, that's for the poo expert. 1311 01:08:09,600 --> 01:08:12,880 Although you're here, so do you fancy answering it or...? 1312 01:08:12,880 --> 01:08:15,240 I don't think I know enough about human biology 1313 01:08:15,240 --> 01:08:16,920 to give you an accurate answer. 1314 01:08:16,920 --> 01:08:18,600 Fair enough. Yeah. 1315 01:08:19,720 --> 01:08:23,400 Throughout this landmark epic, which you have definitely enjoyed, 1316 01:08:23,400 --> 01:08:26,160 my quest for meaning has taken me around the world 1317 01:08:26,160 --> 01:08:28,440 and into several buildings, downstairs 1318 01:08:28,440 --> 01:08:31,080 and, at one point, onto a bouncy castle. 1319 01:08:31,080 --> 01:08:34,600 From religious ecstasy to nihilistic defecation, 1320 01:08:34,600 --> 01:08:36,400 from great works of literature 1321 01:08:36,400 --> 01:08:38,560 to that awful fucking painting, 1322 01:08:38,560 --> 01:08:42,160 humankind's quest for meaning has never let up. 1323 01:08:42,160 --> 01:08:44,280 And now my work here is done. 1324 01:08:44,280 --> 01:08:46,680 I hope you found it illuminating. 1325 01:08:46,680 --> 01:08:50,120 Now it's time for me to find out the meaning of life in other worlds. 1326 01:08:50,120 --> 01:08:51,560 Goodbye. 1327 01:08:58,920 --> 01:09:01,320 Do authors sign their books at the end, 1328 01:09:01,320 --> 01:09:03,240 like when you write a letter? 1329 01:09:03,240 --> 01:09:06,960 Like, "That's Crime And Punishment, the end. 1330 01:09:06,960 --> 01:09:09,200 "Yours sincerely, Dostoyevsky." 1331 01:09:11,280 --> 01:09:13,600 Seldom, I think. 1332 01:09:13,600 --> 01:09:17,920 Why does the human eye have a nerve connecting it directly to the anus? 1333 01:09:17,920 --> 01:09:19,600 It doesn't. It does, 1334 01:09:19,600 --> 01:09:22,400 because when you pick your bum, you sort of go like that. 1335 01:09:23,760 --> 01:09:26,760 When the penis goes into a lady, 1336 01:09:26,760 --> 01:09:29,560 why does it keep backing out and going back in? 1337 01:09:29,560 --> 01:09:32,440 Can't it just go in, get it done and leave? 1338 01:09:32,440 --> 01:09:36,080 Were our souls created during the Big Bang? 1339 01:09:36,080 --> 01:09:38,000 Depends what you mean by our souls. 1340 01:09:38,000 --> 01:09:40,600 You know what I mean by our souls. 1341 01:09:40,600 --> 01:09:43,120 It's a shame they only make semen, isn't it? 1342 01:09:43,120 --> 01:09:44,600 If they made tomato soup, 1343 01:09:44,600 --> 01:09:48,080 you could share a nice mug of it in bed afterwards. 1344 01:09:48,080 --> 01:09:52,040 Is it harder to enter the Kingdom of Heaven since Brexit? 1345 01:09:53,600 --> 01:09:57,120 I don't think Brexit has anything to do with the Kingdom of Heaven. 1346 01:09:57,120 --> 01:09:58,920 Doesn't matter. Or Hell, for that matter. 1347 01:09:58,920 --> 01:10:02,280 My mate Paul says if you look in a mirror for about an hour, 1348 01:10:02,280 --> 01:10:04,920 it's possible to trick your consciousness into thinking 1349 01:10:04,920 --> 01:10:06,840 it's inside the other you, 1350 01:10:06,840 --> 01:10:11,080 and then you can run off before it can jump back out and get you. 1351 01:10:11,080 --> 01:10:12,480 He said he managed it once, 1352 01:10:12,480 --> 01:10:14,680 but about a second after he started running, 1353 01:10:14,680 --> 01:10:17,000 he caught his balls on a door handle 1354 01:10:17,000 --> 01:10:19,360 and ended up rolling around on the floor in agony 1355 01:10:19,360 --> 01:10:23,240 while his consciousness watched him from the mirror, pissing itself. 1356 01:10:23,240 --> 01:10:27,600 I don't think your consciousness can go inside a mirror. 1357 01:10:27,600 --> 01:10:29,320 I do worry about Paul. 1358 01:10:30,480 --> 01:10:34,040 I think he just hasn't found his role in society. 1359 01:10:34,040 --> 01:10:36,800 So you're in the Big Bang gang? 1360 01:10:36,800 --> 01:10:38,600 The Big Bang... Gang. 1361 01:10:38,600 --> 01:10:40,360 The Big Bang gang? The Big Bang gang. 1362 01:10:40,360 --> 01:10:42,240 I think we're all in the Big Bang gang. Are we? 1363 01:10:42,240 --> 01:10:45,560 Yeah. Could you say that down that lens there, please? 1364 01:10:45,560 --> 01:10:48,320 Yeah. I'm in the Big Bang gang. You're in the Big Bang gang. 1365 01:10:48,320 --> 01:10:49,760 You're in the Big Bang gang. 1366 01:10:49,760 --> 01:10:51,800 We're all in the Big Bang gang. 139612

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