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Experience a world
beyond imagination
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where fish can fly...
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lizards walk on water,
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00:00:29,238 --> 00:00:32,323
apes master tools
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00:00:33,951 --> 00:00:37,371
and frogs disappear
in plain sight.
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Animals do the
smartest things...
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through every stage
of their lives.
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From leaving home...
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to raising a family.
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From finding food...
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to making friends.
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They find ingenious
ways to survive
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against all odds.
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Welcome to The Secret
Lives of Animals.
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{\an8}A rocky outcrop in Kenya.
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Home to a troop of
130 olive baboons.
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This is the top male.
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He fought hard to
gain his status.
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But it's a demanding job
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and he's getting on a bit.
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00:02:05,709 --> 00:02:09,712
A younger male senses
the time is right
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00:02:09,713 --> 00:02:12,257
to challenge for his position.
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The older baboon knows
when he's beaten...
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00:02:50,629 --> 00:02:51,964
and retreats.
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00:02:57,636 --> 00:03:00,556
Alone, he's vulnerable
to predators.
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00:03:06,728 --> 00:03:11,066
To stay safe, he must find
a new role within the troop.
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00:03:19,658 --> 00:03:24,037
While his young successor enjoys
the benefits of the top job...
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00:03:26,623 --> 00:03:31,920
the elder spots an opportunity to
get back into the heart of the group.
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00:03:45,017 --> 00:03:48,645
Surprisingly, this
infant is the key.
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A yawn with his teeth covered
shows he means no harm.
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00:04:01,325 --> 00:04:03,911
His plan is coming together.
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00:04:10,250 --> 00:04:15,047
The new top male is not happy
with him being so close...
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00:04:17,048 --> 00:04:20,969
but the old boy knows
exactly what he's doing.
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The females see the top male's
aggression as a threat to the youngster.
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Baring their teeth
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00:04:34,650 --> 00:04:36,485
and raising their eyebrows
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makes it clear they
won't tolerate it.
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This time, it's his
turn to back down...
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00:04:48,872 --> 00:04:53,252
leaving the wise old
male and baby safe.
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00:04:56,380 --> 00:05:02,380
Over time, the elder baboon develops
into a kind of benevolent grandfather.
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00:05:12,104 --> 00:05:13,188
Babysitting...
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00:05:15,190 --> 00:05:17,359
and mentoring the youngsters.
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00:05:21,029 --> 00:05:23,866
He's not as strong
as he once was...
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00:05:25,576 --> 00:05:30,414
but he's wise and still has
plenty to offer the troop.
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00:05:37,337 --> 00:05:41,216
Growing old can be a
time for new beginnings.
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00:05:42,467 --> 00:05:45,219
With age comes knowledge,
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responsibility
and great rewards.
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The oldest desert
in the world...
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Africa's Namib.
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Water here is hard to find.
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This female desert elephant
is the oldest in the herd.
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It's her responsibility
to keep the rest alive.
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They can't survive for more
than four days without a drink.
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00:06:44,488 --> 00:06:50,285
So she leads them to the only
permanent water hole for ten miles.
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00:06:59,670 --> 00:07:04,633
But experience tells her
something's not right.
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00:07:05,801 --> 00:07:07,636
It's contaminated.
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If they drink here,
they risk illness.
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00:07:15,936 --> 00:07:18,772
She must look for
water elsewhere.
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00:07:23,277 --> 00:07:27,531
The longer they walk, the
more dehydrated they become.
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00:07:31,702 --> 00:07:34,830
But this old elephant has
a trick up her sleeve.
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She has one of the best
memories of any animal,
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00:07:43,255 --> 00:07:44,965
and drawing on it...
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00:07:47,009 --> 00:07:50,929
she recalls every
feature of this landscape
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and creates a mental
map of the area
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so she can take the fastest
route through the desert.
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00:08:07,738 --> 00:08:09,990
Here, the bushes are green.
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00:08:11,241 --> 00:08:13,911
She knows the water
must be close.
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But the riverbed is dry.
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00:08:21,502 --> 00:08:24,671
The youngest in the herd
are desperately thirsty.
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00:08:31,470 --> 00:08:35,390
Using the most powerful sense
of smell of any land mammal,
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she turns detective.
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And does something
truly remarkable.
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She digs...
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four feet down,
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until she strikes...
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00:09:01,917 --> 00:09:03,335
fresh water.
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00:09:06,797 --> 00:09:08,257
It's safe to drink.
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00:09:10,008 --> 00:09:12,928
The rest of the herd
follow her lead.
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00:09:19,142 --> 00:09:23,105
And there's enough to guzzle
up to 40 gallons each.
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00:09:27,192 --> 00:09:31,822
Her unrivaled knowledge of
this desert has saved the herd.
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Growing old can be tough.
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But for some, it marks
a new lease of life.
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A Caribbean reef.
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00:10:02,352 --> 00:10:07,357
This three-year-old female wrasse
is the eldest in her shoal.
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00:10:15,908 --> 00:10:21,079
Every day, she and the other
females visit this sea fan.
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00:10:23,832 --> 00:10:26,877
It's home to the only
male wrasse on the reef.
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00:10:28,045 --> 00:10:32,883
His coloring gives their species
its name, bluehead wrasse.
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00:10:37,012 --> 00:10:39,932
He fertilizes the eggs
of every female here.
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And the oldest is always
at the front of the line.
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00:11:00,035 --> 00:11:04,998
But in the ocean, circumstances
can change very quickly.
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00:11:13,090 --> 00:11:17,761
And the next day when the old
wrasse reaches the mating ground,
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00:11:18,804 --> 00:11:22,099
the male has disappeared.
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00:11:23,976 --> 00:11:28,313
Without a male on the reef,
the females can't breed.
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00:11:32,025 --> 00:11:36,905
Within minutes, the old female reacts
with an extraordinary solution.
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00:11:41,910 --> 00:11:45,289
She stops producing the
female hormone estrogen...
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00:11:49,251 --> 00:11:51,837
and her scales begin
to change color.
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She becomes more aggressive.
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00:12:04,099 --> 00:12:07,561
Her body starts to
subtly alter shape.
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00:12:13,984 --> 00:12:18,322
And day by day, the difference
becomes more dramatic.
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00:12:22,576 --> 00:12:26,997
After three weeks, her
transformation is complete.
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00:12:29,499 --> 00:12:33,837
She has become a he.
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00:12:42,763 --> 00:12:47,267
By blocking her female hormones
and producing male ones,
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this brilliant old
fish has changed sex.
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00:12:53,941 --> 00:12:55,525
As the new male,
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he will now fertilize all the
wrasse eggs spawned on this reef.
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00:13:07,329 --> 00:13:10,832
For some, reinvention in
later life comes easily.
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00:13:14,461 --> 00:13:18,131
But for others, it's
a long, hard slog.
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00:13:24,221 --> 00:13:26,723
A giant Galรกpagos tortoise.
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00:13:27,307 --> 00:13:30,394
One of the most ancient
animals on Earth.
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00:13:33,063 --> 00:13:34,940
At a hundred and
fifty years old,
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he's entering the
prime of his life.
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He's still growing...
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so must eat lots of
highly nutritious grass.
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00:13:57,838 --> 00:14:01,091
But the dry season
is fast approaching.
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00:14:04,136 --> 00:14:08,682
And the food here will
soon wither and die.
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00:14:11,310 --> 00:14:13,561
With the wisdom of his years,
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he knows exactly what to do.
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00:14:19,776 --> 00:14:24,531
The volcanic highlands provide
rich nourishment all year round.
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00:14:27,159 --> 00:14:30,828
The problem is, they
are six miles inland
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00:14:30,829 --> 00:14:33,665
and a 1,250-foot climb.
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00:14:34,208 --> 00:14:36,668
The height of the
Empire State Building.
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00:14:39,796 --> 00:14:42,841
It will be an epic migration.
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00:14:47,888 --> 00:14:50,766
Albeit a very slow one.
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00:14:59,316 --> 00:15:03,737
Surprisingly, his old age
is the key to his success.
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00:15:14,665 --> 00:15:17,959
His large size means he
can overcome obstacles
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00:15:17,960 --> 00:15:21,547
that younger, smaller
tortoises simply cannot.
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00:15:29,388 --> 00:15:30,639
After a month...
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he arrives.
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00:15:41,775 --> 00:15:44,611
At the tortoise promised land.
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00:15:52,536 --> 00:15:58,125
A seasonal retreat for the oldest
and biggest residents of the island.
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00:16:00,419 --> 00:16:03,880
Mountain mist guarantees
nutritious food
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00:16:03,881 --> 00:16:06,508
even in the driest months.
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00:16:12,139 --> 00:16:15,309
By trekking here once
a year, he'll thrive...
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00:16:17,436 --> 00:16:21,440
even as he closes in
on his 200th birthday.
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00:16:30,407 --> 00:16:33,452
Getting healthier and stronger.
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00:16:37,414 --> 00:16:41,960
His old age really will be
the best years of his life.
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00:16:45,214 --> 00:16:46,840
And when winter arrives,
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00:16:47,466 --> 00:16:51,428
he'll make the long, slow
journey back to the coast.
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00:16:56,391 --> 00:16:59,895
The secret to eternal youth
may continue to evade us...
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00:17:02,189 --> 00:17:04,397
but here on the Canadian border,
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00:17:04,398 --> 00:17:09,946
one animal has found a way to put
the brakes on aging altogether.
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00:17:15,993 --> 00:17:18,997
This is a monarch
butterfly caterpillar.
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00:17:20,332 --> 00:17:23,544
She gorges on the only
plant she can eat.
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00:17:25,628 --> 00:17:26,713
Milkweed.
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00:17:31,844 --> 00:17:33,470
And she doesn't stop
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00:17:34,429 --> 00:17:38,725
until she's grown
2,000 times in size.
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00:17:46,859 --> 00:17:48,652
Then transforms...
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00:17:52,322 --> 00:17:54,283
into a butterfly.
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00:17:59,830 --> 00:18:01,665
But winter is coming.
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00:18:02,541 --> 00:18:06,879
It will be too cold and wet for
her to survive this far north.
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00:18:08,922 --> 00:18:11,758
The freezing temperatures
could last for months.
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00:18:13,010 --> 00:18:16,305
Most monarchs only
live for a few weeks.
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00:18:19,474 --> 00:18:22,811
So, she does
something astonishing.
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00:18:25,939 --> 00:18:28,942
She blocks the production
of a hormone...
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00:18:32,613 --> 00:18:33,989
which in turn...
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00:18:35,991 --> 00:18:39,244
slows her aging.
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00:18:44,625 --> 00:18:49,254
And then flies over
2,500 miles south...
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00:18:51,715 --> 00:18:54,467
to join millions
of other monarchs
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00:18:54,468 --> 00:18:58,805
in the shelter of a
warmer, drier fir forest.
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00:19:07,689 --> 00:19:09,983
The butterflies huddle together.
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00:19:12,611 --> 00:19:16,698
She shuts down all but her most
essential life-support systems.
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00:19:24,665 --> 00:19:27,417
When spring arrives
four months later,
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she takes to the skies...
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00:19:31,588 --> 00:19:33,215
and heads back north...
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00:19:36,468 --> 00:19:39,805
to find a fresh
crop of milkweed.
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00:19:44,768 --> 00:19:49,690
She reactivates her hormones
and begins to age normally.
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00:19:51,817 --> 00:19:55,028
Now she is ready to breed.
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00:19:58,782 --> 00:20:03,579
Her clever trick means she lives
far longer than the average monarch.
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00:20:05,080 --> 00:20:09,626
The equivalent of us
reaching over 500 years old.
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00:20:18,260 --> 00:20:21,513
Age is no barrier
to dramatic change.
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00:20:22,973 --> 00:20:27,519
With experience, we can navigate
whatever life throws at us.
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00:20:32,774 --> 00:20:34,735
With the wisdom to adapt...
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00:20:38,906 --> 00:20:43,076
later life is a
time to flourish...
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00:20:45,287 --> 00:20:47,206
and take flight.
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00:21:00,344 --> 00:21:03,387
Finding a family of desert
elephants digging for water
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in the vast landscape of northwest
Namibia is a huge challenge.
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So, the team joined
guide Rayne Brehem
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00:21:14,858 --> 00:21:17,944
who knows this land almost
as well as the animals.
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00:21:17,945 --> 00:21:21,697
As a kid from three years old,
I used to go out to the rivers,
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00:21:21,698 --> 00:21:24,618
playing in the sand and
sand is in my veins now.
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00:21:25,369 --> 00:21:26,911
Just as well,
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00:21:26,912 --> 00:21:30,332
as the Namib desert sands
are always on the move.
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00:21:32,251 --> 00:21:36,295
{\an8}It's super windy and dusty
which means the car is rocking,
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00:21:36,296 --> 00:21:38,548
the lens is covered in dust
185
00:21:38,549 --> 00:21:42,177
and we're all inhaling about
a kilo of dust every second.
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00:21:43,428 --> 00:21:48,141
Shifting sands mean tracking
must start from scratch each day.
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00:21:48,684 --> 00:21:51,978
So, in the morning, you're
looking for the most crisp lines.
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00:21:51,979 --> 00:21:56,607
At the back of the track, will
always be really clear, defined
189
00:21:56,608 --> 00:22:01,487
and the front of the track will have,
like, a drag mark or a flick mark in front
190
00:22:01,488 --> 00:22:04,074
and that'll show you the
direction that they're going.
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00:22:05,701 --> 00:22:08,829
Now they know which way
the elephants are heading,
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00:22:09,746 --> 00:22:11,915
the team tries to catch them.
193
00:22:15,127 --> 00:22:17,588
But who is following who?
194
00:22:18,755 --> 00:22:21,090
I'm getting more tracks
on top of our tire tracks.
195
00:22:21,091 --> 00:22:26,053
So, I think when we took this bend
around, they were already on this bend,
196
00:22:26,054 --> 00:22:28,557
and so we've kind of done that.
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00:22:29,808 --> 00:22:34,396
As the team drive, Rayne
notices a change in the tracks.
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00:22:35,480 --> 00:22:37,440
As soon as you get
close to water,
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00:22:37,441 --> 00:22:40,026
a lot of the time you
can see them form a line
200
00:22:40,027 --> 00:22:41,277
because they're just in a hurry.
201
00:22:41,278 --> 00:22:43,572
They've made up their mind,
they know where they're going.
202
00:22:44,198 --> 00:22:45,573
With the elephants
getting close,
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00:22:45,574 --> 00:22:47,409
the team must find them fast,
204
00:22:48,744 --> 00:22:50,412
and the best way to do that...
205
00:22:53,749 --> 00:22:56,126
is to put an eye in the sky.
206
00:22:58,795 --> 00:23:00,339
With the elephants located,
207
00:23:01,548 --> 00:23:05,219
the race is on to get in position
before they dig for water.
208
00:23:15,145 --> 00:23:17,688
She's digging. It's the
first time we've seen it.
209
00:23:17,689 --> 00:23:19,316
It's amazing.
210
00:23:20,901 --> 00:23:23,654
Not only is the old
elephant digging,
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00:23:24,446 --> 00:23:27,323
she's passing on her
life-saving skills
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00:23:27,324 --> 00:23:28,533
to her young.
213
00:23:28,534 --> 00:23:30,786
Let's get a spray.
We want a spray.
214
00:23:33,372 --> 00:23:34,748
That's really nice.
215
00:23:35,791 --> 00:23:38,084
A combination of
Rayne's expertise
216
00:23:38,085 --> 00:23:39,670
and modern technology...
217
00:23:41,088 --> 00:23:43,297
has revealed the
secret knowledge
218
00:23:43,298 --> 00:23:48,136
of some of the oldest and
wisest animals in the world.
16337
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