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He is the greatest action hero
in mythology.
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His name is Hercules.
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A man tormented by
a horrifying sin.
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Driven to take on twelve
impossible challenges
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in a quest for redemption.
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To us, it is myth,
but to the ancients it was reality.
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A legend based on an actual warrior.
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Filled with hidden codes about
the real world.
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This is the truth behind
the myth of Hercules.
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In a strange and unfamiliar world
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something stirs just below
the water line.
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It breaks de surface...
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a giant serpent with not one,
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but nine dragon-like heads.
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It spews poisonous vapours
and then eats its victims alive.
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But today the monster
has met his match.
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The strongest hero who ever lived.
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Mythology's ideal man.
Hercules.
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He is the most popular hero
in history.
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A half-god, half-mortal with
superhuman strength
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who is destined to rid
the Greek world of evil.
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But that's only the
beginning of his story.
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Hercules was something special
and at the same time
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extremely ordinary.
He was a man of the people.
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He was a little bit like Babe Ruth
in American mythology.
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He was a womanizer,
he was a heavy drinker,
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and he was an extraordinary athlete.
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He was a little bit like a god
but he was very definitely a human being.
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Today a lot of people think heroes
have superhuman strength,
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they get the girl,
they have superhuman powers,
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can fly through the air.
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It's a different conception
in the Greek world.
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A hero is someone who has superhuman
strength but someone who has to suffer.
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And Hercules is the consummate
hero in Greek society.
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He's destined to suffer more
than anyone else.
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In his myth, Hercules confronts
a legion of terrifying enemies,
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and endures suffering on a scale
no human has ever known.
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His story begins with Zeus,
the sex-crazed king of the gods
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having an illicit affair.
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Hercules is the son of Zeus
and a mortal woman named Alcmene.
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Classical mythology
is loaded with stories
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of gods who impregnate mortal women
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and give birth to gods
or demi-gods.
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So this demi-god idea means
that this person has
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some features that are very godly,
some divine powers but, at the same time,
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he is mortal, he can die.
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I suspect that the
Greeks invented this idea
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because they wanted to reach
the gods as much as possible,
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to create images of themselves
that are closer and closer to the gods.
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Hercules would grow up
to be Greece's model hero.
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But he has one powerful enemy
who wants to see him destroyed.
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Zeus' wife, the goddess Hera.
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She's the queen of the goddesses
and she has wonderful beauty,
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she's supremely intelligent,
she's mighty,
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but she's also exceedingly jealous
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because Zeus is always
running after other women.
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Zeus fathers countless children
with a variety of mortal women.
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And Hera hates them all.
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But she decides it is Hercules
who must pay the ultimate price
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for the sins committed by Zeus.
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Hera's hatred of Hercules is
actually very, very irrational.
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It's almost as if she knew that he
was going to challenge her favour
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in heaven in some way.
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She knew there was something
about Hercules that was different
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than the other children and maybe
she felt threatened by this,
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but every day of his life he seemed to
have been paying for this hatred of hers.
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One night, while
Hercules is still a baby,
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Hera sends two poisonous
snakes into his nursery.
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He's got one snake in each hand
and he's squeezing them to death.
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A little tiny infant squeezing
to death these two giant serpents.
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Everyone knew at that point that
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there was something a little
bit different about Hercules.
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This is one of the reasons
why Hera will hate him,
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because she cannot kill him.
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She can make his life wretched
but she cannot kill him
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because destiny says
he will become immortal.
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And even a god has to obey destiny.
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But Hera is just getting started.
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Her vendetta against Hercules
will determine the course of his life,
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from the cradle to the grave.
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So goes the myth.
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But what is the link to reality?
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February 2004,
in a Greek town called Thebes
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archaeologists discover
stunning evidence
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that sheds new light on the
story of Hercules' birth.
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They uncover a buried temple
beneath an ordinary residential loft.
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In its centre are the
remains of an altar.
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Around the altar are hundreds
of ceramic vases and small statues.
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They all portray one thing...
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Hercules.
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After the discovery, researchers linked
the findings to a 2500 year-old text
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that describes a mysterious
house of Hercules at Thebes
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just outside the gates
of the ancient city.
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The description and the
site match perfectly,
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but there's more.
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The ancient text says that this shrine
was erected on the precise spot
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of Hercules' birth.
Could the hero have been real?
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The hunt for clues
leads back to the myth.
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As the story continues,
Hercules comes of age.
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A man-god straddling two worlds,
the human and the supernatural.
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He is too strong to be a human.
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He's sort of like a god
trapped in a human's body.
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Often, he accidentally does
bad things to people around him,
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like he accidentally kills people.
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He accidentally damages property.
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He can't really control himself.
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This superhuman strength
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makes it impossible for Hercules
to blend into Greek society.
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He was unable to form
emotional contacts with anyone.
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In fact, there seems to have been a kind
of schizophrenic quality to his make-up.
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He was half-human, and half divine,
and yet he had a father
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who would not protect him from
the terrible trials and tribulations
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that Hera inflicted upon him.
He was left alone,
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suspended between heaven and earth,
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and having nowhere to go.
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Desperate for some
semblance of normalcy
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Hercules marries a beautiful princess
who bears him two sons.
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But his domestic bliss
is short-lived.
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His nemesis Hera soon returns
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determined to make sure
he never knows happiness.
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This time he'll transform him
from family man to murderer
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by driving him mad.
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She sends madness
to him as he sleeps.
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And he, in his madness, believes
that his wife and his children
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are his enemies.
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In the dead of night, Hercules
commits an unspeakable horror.
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00:09:07,971 --> 00:09:13,251
When Hercules wakes
up from this madness,
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00:09:13,291 --> 00:09:15,371
from this ravenous madness,
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00:09:19,171 --> 00:09:23,771
he finds himself covered in
the blood of his own family.
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He doesn't really even know
that he's the one that did it.
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But nevertheless he has
the blood stains on him,
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it is the physical mark of guilt.
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And this is the guilt he must bear.
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And is from this horrible incident
that the rest of Hercules' story unfolds.
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The strongest man on earth
has slaughtered his entire family.
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When his blind rage subsides
it is replaced with intense remorse,
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a horrible anguish that
will plague him forever.
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The ancient Greeks called
this a "blood guilt".
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00:10:08,691 --> 00:10:11,371
In antiquity a "blood-guilt"
was understood to be
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a kind of curse that clung to you
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from the blood of the person
whose murder you were involved in.
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This is a little bit
like a Christian penance
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where you do certain
good acts on the earth
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in other to make up for bad things
that you might have done.
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From here on, he's going
to have to try to get rid of
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the stain of blood guilt
from this horrible act.
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And this is the very pivot
of Hercules' whole life.
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To purify his soul, Hercules will have
to survive the most excruciating
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series of challenges ever
confronted by man or the gods.
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It is a journey that will take him
across the Greek world and beyond
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00:10:50,571 --> 00:10:53,931
and leave a trail of real
evidence that sheds new light
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on the truth behind the myth.
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Mythology's superhero, Hercules,
has just butchered his wife and children
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under a spell cast by
his stepmother, Hera.
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Now, the strongest man on earth
must atone for his crime.
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But he is lost.
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Disoriented.
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For guidance, he seeks out ancient
Greece's greatest prophetess.
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Hercules' crime is so
great that only one,
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the most powerful religious
authority of his time,
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could help him solve it,
and that's the Oracle of Delphi.
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Delphi, its sacred temple plays a key
part in many Greek myths.
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But it's not just a mythical place.
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Ruins of the Oracle temple can still be
found in the mountains of Central Greece.
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2500 years ago, a priestess
stood in a trance-like state
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as mysterious vapours
rose up around her.
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She spoke in riddles and supposedly
channelled the word of the gods.
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It was a direct phone-line up to heaven
to ask the answer to anything you wanted.
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00:12:15,171 --> 00:12:20,371
A new discovery may reveal where
the Oracle's powers originated.
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A recent geological survey has
shown that the Delphi temple
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sits precisely on the intersection
of two fault lines.
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This may explain the magical vapours
that surrounded the prophetess.
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The new evidence suggests that
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movements of the earth
around these faults
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might actually have
released ethylene gas
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that would have leaked through
these cracks in the earth.
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People who breathe a lot of
ethylene will fall into a trance
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that sounds almost exactly like
what the Oracle of Delphi experienced.
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00:12:57,731 --> 00:13:02,171
So basically the Oracle
of Delphi was a stoner
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that everyone in ancient Greek
society trusted a lot.
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At Delphi, the Oracle tells Hercules
that only a terrible penance
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can absolve him of his crimes.
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To receive that penance, he must
go to his cousin and archrival,
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King Eurystheus.
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But it's a trick.
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Hera is using the Oracle and
King Eurystheus to crush Hercules.
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Hera will pursue him
with everything she has.
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Hera will be his implacable enemy
and the dangers, the enemies,
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she will put in his way
will not cease.
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Eurystheus assigns Hercules
12 challenges, all designed by Hera.
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They will forever be known
as the "Labours of Hercules".
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In them, the hero was challenged to rid
the Greek world of its greatest evils.
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To confront its most savage beasts.
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00:14:07,051 --> 00:14:11,651
Forces of nature, evil tyrants,
and monsters.
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No man could be expected to survive
even one of these challenges.
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But Hercules must overcome 12.
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These Labours have a function.
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Their primary function is to remove the
pollution from having killed his family.
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00:14:31,051 --> 00:14:34,411
He will need to purify himself,
to purify his hands,
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00:14:34,451 --> 00:14:39,811
to purify his soul, later on,
of the grievous crime he has committed.
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00:14:39,811 --> 00:14:44,891
It seems a little unfair to us because
the acts that he's doing penance for
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weren't really his fault.
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He was under the
influence of the madness
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sent to him by his stepmother Hera.
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00:14:51,971 --> 00:14:55,891
In the Greek minds it didn't really
matter that it wasn't his fault.
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He still needed to perform these acts
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00:14:58,531 --> 00:15:04,171
to wash away the stain of these
violent acts that he'd committed.
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The quest for redemption begins
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00:15:09,491 --> 00:15:11,131
with the first Labour:
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To kill a savage beast that symbolises
mankind's animal instincts,
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the Lion of Nemea.
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00:15:22,371 --> 00:15:26,531
The problem for Hercules is even
though he's a magnificent archer
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the Lion's skin is impervious
to his arrows.
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00:15:50,611 --> 00:15:54,731
So it's only through brute strength
that he manages to overcome the lion.
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00:15:56,571 --> 00:16:00,851
And when he does, he skins the lion
and he adopts it as his own armour
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00:16:00,851 --> 00:16:03,331
that he begins wearing.
So from then on, Hercules,
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00:16:03,331 --> 00:16:05,611
is always depicted wearing the lion skin
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00:16:05,611 --> 00:16:07,531
which protects him from harm.
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00:16:08,891 --> 00:16:11,691
King Eurystheus is stunned.
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00:16:11,771 --> 00:16:15,611
He thought Hercules' first Labour
would be his last.
221
00:16:15,651 --> 00:16:19,851
Now, he lays out a series of even
more monstrous challenges
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00:16:19,891 --> 00:16:22,851
sure to put an end to the hero.
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00:16:23,731 --> 00:16:27,291
A theme becomes evident
in these early Labours,
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it's Man versus Nature.
225
00:16:30,531 --> 00:16:34,131
The ancient Greeks viewed
nature as a scary place.
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00:16:34,131 --> 00:16:36,491
They wanted to live
in harmony with it,
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00:16:36,491 --> 00:16:40,451
but nature was a bitch that
if you didn't watch would kill you.
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00:16:40,451 --> 00:16:43,491
And that was their view. They didn't
have a romantic view of Nature.
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00:16:43,531 --> 00:16:46,251
There are a few great heroes,
Hercules is prominent among them,
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00:16:46,291 --> 00:16:49,171
who can tame Nature,
who can actually bring it under control.
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00:16:49,171 --> 00:16:51,011
And this is the mark
of a truly great hero,
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00:16:51,051 --> 00:16:53,731
to bring this unstoppable
force to heed.
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00:16:54,531 --> 00:16:56,811
The second Labour challenges Hercules
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00:16:56,811 --> 00:16:59,971
to kill another
monstrous freak of nature,
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00:17:00,211 --> 00:17:02,731
the dreaded nine-headed Hydra.
236
00:17:02,731 --> 00:17:07,131
A poison-spitting serpent
that devours men in one bite.
237
00:17:09,771 --> 00:17:12,931
Hercules draws his sword
and attacks.
238
00:17:14,251 --> 00:17:17,131
He slices through one
of the Hydra's necks.
239
00:17:19,211 --> 00:17:20,451
Then another.
240
00:17:21,771 --> 00:17:25,851
Decapitating the monster
one head at a time.
241
00:17:26,691 --> 00:17:29,411
But as soon as each head is cut off
242
00:17:29,451 --> 00:17:31,891
two more grow in its place.
243
00:17:31,931 --> 00:17:35,451
This represents the
human lust for pleasure,
244
00:17:35,451 --> 00:17:38,931
which the Greeks
believed to be unkillable.
245
00:17:38,931 --> 00:17:42,891
The more you attack it,
the more you cut its head off,
246
00:17:42,931 --> 00:17:44,931
the more heads you have to deal with.
247
00:17:47,091 --> 00:17:49,491
Hercules needs a new strategy.
248
00:17:49,491 --> 00:17:54,931
Against this enemy, his success
hinges on more than muscle.
249
00:17:55,531 --> 00:18:00,211
Hercules grabs a torch
and scorches the skin of the beast.
250
00:18:00,251 --> 00:18:03,251
He comes up with the idea
of burning off the stumps.
251
00:18:03,251 --> 00:18:07,211
To cauterize the neck, so that
a head can't grow back in there.
252
00:18:10,771 --> 00:18:17,931
With a final thrust, Hercules
severs the last head from the body.
253
00:18:19,411 --> 00:18:23,771
It is a stunning triumph
of man over monster.
254
00:18:26,251 --> 00:18:28,171
So after he's slain the Hydra
255
00:18:28,171 --> 00:18:31,651
Hercules dips his arrows
into the blood of the Hydra
256
00:18:31,651 --> 00:18:34,291
and from then on
he has poisoned arrows.
257
00:18:34,651 --> 00:18:39,571
Our word "toxic", meaning poisonous,
comes from the Greek word "toxon"
258
00:18:39,571 --> 00:18:42,251
which is a bow that
you fire arrows with.
259
00:18:42,251 --> 00:18:46,611
And so "toxicos" in Greek simply
means relating to the bow.
260
00:18:46,611 --> 00:18:48,811
So it is a strange word in English
261
00:18:48,851 --> 00:18:52,291
because it preserves the legend
of Hercules inside the word.
262
00:18:52,371 --> 00:18:55,811
Two Labours conquered.
Like a fighter in training,
263
00:18:55,851 --> 00:19:01,011
Hercules is honing the skills necessary
to survive in a hostile world -
264
00:19:01,051 --> 00:19:06,051
physical strength, mental toughness,
and relentless endurance.
265
00:19:06,651 --> 00:19:09,611
In these labours,
Hercules is overcoming evil.
266
00:19:09,651 --> 00:19:12,491
And he comes as an avenger
and a bringer of justice.
267
00:19:14,931 --> 00:19:18,131
In his next two Labours,
Hercules conquers
268
00:19:18,171 --> 00:19:21,771
another pair of Nature's
most formidable beasts:
269
00:19:21,811 --> 00:19:24,411
the Golden Stag of Artemis,
270
00:19:24,411 --> 00:19:28,691
an animal so fast it could
outrun an arrow in flight.
271
00:19:30,691 --> 00:19:33,251
And the vicious man-eating Boar.
272
00:19:33,291 --> 00:19:37,131
A monster Hercules
manages to capture alive.
273
00:19:41,171 --> 00:19:43,051
Eurystheus, who set him these tasks,
274
00:19:43,091 --> 00:19:45,211
never expected any of
them to be accomplished.
275
00:19:45,251 --> 00:19:49,611
So we start to see Hercules
as the prototypical superhuman.
276
00:19:49,651 --> 00:19:52,811
He seems unstoppable at this point.
277
00:19:53,491 --> 00:19:58,891
To break the hero's momentum,
King Eurystheus tries changing tactics.
278
00:19:59,371 --> 00:20:03,251
He introduces a different
kind of natural obstacle.
279
00:20:04,731 --> 00:20:06,211
Raw sewage.
280
00:20:07,851 --> 00:20:12,531
For his fifth Labour, Hercules
must take on a dirty job
281
00:20:12,571 --> 00:20:16,051
that symbolises the foul
side of human nature.
282
00:20:16,131 --> 00:20:20,571
He must clean out a massive complex
of manure-filled stables.
283
00:20:21,331 --> 00:20:27,171
This Labour is different from the others
because it involves menial labour,
284
00:20:27,211 --> 00:20:29,371
in a way that Hercules hadn't
really submitted to before.
285
00:20:29,371 --> 00:20:33,371
In the earlier labours he has to slay
beasts that are ravaging the countryside
286
00:20:33,411 --> 00:20:37,211
and he's trying to protect human
beings or to promote civilisation.
287
00:20:37,251 --> 00:20:41,011
But in this one, it's simply a matter
of cleaning dung out of a stable
288
00:20:41,051 --> 00:20:43,131
that hasn't been cleaned
in many years.
289
00:20:43,851 --> 00:20:46,691
And he has one day to
accomplish the task.
290
00:20:50,651 --> 00:20:55,691
Hercules notices that these repulsive
stables lie between two powerful rivers,
291
00:20:55,691 --> 00:20:57,771
and he gets an idea.
292
00:20:58,891 --> 00:21:01,531
What he does is,
using his great strength,
293
00:21:01,571 --> 00:21:05,891
he diverts two different rivers
and have them flood into the stables
294
00:21:05,891 --> 00:21:08,011
and flush everything out.
295
00:21:13,971 --> 00:21:19,131
One Labour at a time, Hercules is
making amends for killing his family.
296
00:21:19,491 --> 00:21:22,771
So far he has proven himself
greater than any obstacle
297
00:21:22,811 --> 00:21:26,891
that Hera and her puppet-King,
Eurystheus, have dreamed up.
298
00:21:28,091 --> 00:21:32,131
And with each struggle
he is only getting stronger.
299
00:21:35,651 --> 00:21:36,811
To the ancient Greeks,
300
00:21:36,811 --> 00:21:39,731
the success in the face
of such overwhelming odds
301
00:21:39,731 --> 00:21:41,771
was an inspiring story.
302
00:21:42,371 --> 00:21:45,491
But, could it have been more
than just a story?
303
00:21:45,771 --> 00:21:50,211
Intriguing historical clues suggest
Hercules was not a myth
304
00:21:50,211 --> 00:21:52,291
but a real hero.
305
00:21:57,091 --> 00:22:00,651
Hercules is mythology's
ultimate superhero.
306
00:22:01,291 --> 00:22:04,731
The combination of strength and
suffering in the same character
307
00:22:04,731 --> 00:22:08,331
made him relatable to the
people of the ancient world.
308
00:22:08,371 --> 00:22:13,171
They saw in Hercules a hero
to be both pitied and admired.
309
00:22:13,171 --> 00:22:17,771
Someone who's tragic story
was connected to their own reality.
310
00:22:17,811 --> 00:22:21,491
Myths reflect historical events that
have long since been past,
311
00:22:21,531 --> 00:22:26,291
so they are a kind of code into ancient
history that gets passed down
312
00:22:26,291 --> 00:22:28,571
from generation to generation.
313
00:22:29,291 --> 00:22:33,051
The stories of Hercules come together
from people getting together
314
00:22:33,091 --> 00:22:36,371
in different cultures and sharing
their own tales of local heroes
315
00:22:36,411 --> 00:22:39,331
that they know who'd overcome
great difficulties,
316
00:22:39,451 --> 00:22:42,611
and as they share these stories
they start to realise, wait a minute,
317
00:22:42,651 --> 00:22:45,691
our strong man seems to be
a little bit like your strong man.
318
00:22:45,771 --> 00:22:48,051
And then the traditions
all weave together.
319
00:22:48,131 --> 00:22:53,011
In ancient Greece, Hercules was
the model for the ideal man.
320
00:22:53,811 --> 00:22:55,891
But did he actually exist?
321
00:22:57,171 --> 00:23:00,491
It might be possible that behind
each of these great Greek heroes
322
00:23:00,491 --> 00:23:02,571
there is some single historical figure,
323
00:23:02,571 --> 00:23:06,811
but history has frustrated
all of our attempts to find
324
00:23:06,811 --> 00:23:08,931
and locate the actual persons.
325
00:23:10,971 --> 00:23:13,211
Some versions of the Hercules myth
326
00:23:13,251 --> 00:23:17,171
say his family came from a
Greek settlement called Tiryns.
327
00:23:18,171 --> 00:23:22,011
And ancient sources suggest it
was once home to a real warrior
328
00:23:22,051 --> 00:23:24,531
who was renowned
for his great strength,
329
00:23:24,571 --> 00:23:28,211
and even thought to have a
direct connexion to the gods.
330
00:23:28,251 --> 00:23:31,771
This warrior, whose
name is lost to history,
331
00:23:31,811 --> 00:23:35,651
served the ruler of a powerful
kingdom called Mycenae.
332
00:23:38,011 --> 00:23:41,891
In the myth, Hercules also
serves the king of Mycenae,
333
00:23:41,931 --> 00:23:45,931
his cousin Eurystheus,
who assigns him the 12 Labours.
334
00:23:45,971 --> 00:23:49,651
Is this coincidence,
or something more?
335
00:23:52,091 --> 00:23:54,811
Other clues about the man
behind the myth
336
00:23:54,851 --> 00:23:58,611
can be found at one of Greece's
most legendary sites.
337
00:24:01,051 --> 00:24:02,971
This is Olympia.
338
00:24:03,411 --> 00:24:08,731
In the year 776 BC, the first
Olympic Games were held here.
339
00:24:12,931 --> 00:24:15,131
There are hundreds of games
around the Greek world,
340
00:24:15,131 --> 00:24:19,051
but the Olympics were the finest
and the most prestigious.
341
00:24:19,851 --> 00:24:21,291
If you won at the Olympic Games
342
00:24:21,291 --> 00:24:24,411
it was being elevated,
in a way, amongst men.
343
00:24:24,451 --> 00:24:28,611
It was as closest a mortal
could get to the gods.
344
00:24:30,131 --> 00:24:35,291
There are striking parallels between the
challenges Hercules faced in his Labours
345
00:24:35,291 --> 00:24:37,451
and those of the Games.
346
00:24:37,491 --> 00:24:39,891
Both were feats of
strength and endurance
347
00:24:39,891 --> 00:24:43,051
that only the most disciplined
athlete could achieve.
348
00:24:43,851 --> 00:24:46,891
But the connexion between
Hercules and the Olympics
349
00:24:46,931 --> 00:24:48,691
may run deeper.
350
00:24:49,491 --> 00:24:54,451
Hercules reportedly founded the
Olympic Games after one of his Labours,
351
00:24:54,451 --> 00:24:58,851
so the Labours are directly connected
to the original foundation of the Games.
352
00:24:59,691 --> 00:25:03,171
These are the remains of
the stadium at Olympia.
353
00:25:03,291 --> 00:25:05,731
Its track measures 600 ft.
354
00:25:05,811 --> 00:25:10,251
According to the ancient Greeks,
that's 600 of Hercules' own feet.
355
00:25:10,291 --> 00:25:13,651
According to legend, Hercules
himself paced up the "stadion",
356
00:25:13,731 --> 00:25:18,571
which was 600 little steps,
and it's 192.27 metres.
357
00:25:18,571 --> 00:25:23,851
So historians have deduced that Hercules'
feet were actually 12.6 inches long.
358
00:25:23,891 --> 00:25:26,851
That's a size 13 shoe.
359
00:25:26,931 --> 00:25:31,371
More traces of Hercules can also
be seen in the main temple here.
360
00:25:31,411 --> 00:25:36,571
Reliefs salvaged from the exterior
walls depict his 12 Labours.
361
00:25:36,651 --> 00:25:38,651
He was revered by all athletes
362
00:25:38,691 --> 00:25:42,331
and one measured oneself
up against Hercules.
363
00:25:43,211 --> 00:25:45,931
Well, it was very important to
the Greeks never to surrender,
364
00:25:45,971 --> 00:25:49,731
so many athletes died
rather than give up.
365
00:25:53,891 --> 00:25:58,771
In the myth, it is the same
perseverance that sustains Hercules.
366
00:25:58,851 --> 00:26:00,931
Hercules' message is always one of
367
00:26:00,931 --> 00:26:03,651
"keep going and you'll
eventually succeed".
368
00:26:03,691 --> 00:26:07,651
No matter how tough things
seem success is possible.
369
00:26:07,731 --> 00:26:13,251
In his 6th Labour, Hercules must face
a flock of ferocious man-eating birds
370
00:26:13,291 --> 00:26:17,011
who symbolise mankind's
unreachable goals.
371
00:26:17,051 --> 00:26:19,291
He drives them off with
his poisonous arrows
372
00:26:19,331 --> 00:26:21,851
and reaches an important milestone,
373
00:26:21,891 --> 00:26:25,371
the half-way mark in his 12 Labours.
374
00:26:25,411 --> 00:26:28,051
But 6 more challenges still remain,
375
00:26:28,091 --> 00:26:30,811
and each one will only get tougher.
376
00:26:31,331 --> 00:26:34,691
His stepmother Hera
will make sure of it.
377
00:26:35,251 --> 00:26:38,491
As the Labours go on they become
more and more extreme,
378
00:26:38,571 --> 00:26:43,811
and they make him go to further and
further and more mystical places.
379
00:26:44,691 --> 00:26:49,051
The next three Labours will take Hercules
beyond Greece for the first time
380
00:26:49,091 --> 00:26:52,371
and pit him against powerful
foreign enemies.
381
00:26:53,171 --> 00:26:56,331
Stories like these resonated
with the ancient Greeks
382
00:26:56,331 --> 00:27:00,091
in an age when they were anxious
to expand their empire.
383
00:27:00,891 --> 00:27:06,691
The Greeks, pressed by land hunger,
are beginning to colonize
384
00:27:06,731 --> 00:27:09,171
as far out as the South of France,
385
00:27:09,251 --> 00:27:12,731
and they're sending colonies
throughout the Mediterranean.
386
00:27:14,371 --> 00:27:19,971
And reports are coming back about
various monsters, or various things.
387
00:27:20,051 --> 00:27:25,371
For his 7th Labour, Hercules travels
to the island nation of Crete,
388
00:27:25,411 --> 00:27:30,051
to find and capture the prized
Bull of the King, Minos.
389
00:27:31,531 --> 00:27:35,051
The bull is a code for Crete's
dominance over mainland Greece
390
00:27:35,131 --> 00:27:38,171
at the time when the myth was created.
391
00:27:38,251 --> 00:27:43,331
In the late Bronze Age, Crete really
was the most important power
392
00:27:43,331 --> 00:27:46,051
in that part of the Mediterranean.
393
00:27:46,811 --> 00:27:52,091
The places that, in the classical period,
like Athens and Sparta,
394
00:27:52,131 --> 00:27:53,811
which would have a lot of importance
395
00:27:53,851 --> 00:27:56,531
and would become the
most significant powers,
396
00:27:56,571 --> 00:27:59,851
were not anything
very important at all.
397
00:27:59,891 --> 00:28:02,731
In fact, they had to
pay tribute to Crete
398
00:28:02,811 --> 00:28:06,011
because it was the major
power in the region.
399
00:28:08,731 --> 00:28:12,571
In the myth, Hercules
is about to change that.
400
00:28:15,051 --> 00:28:21,211
He tracks down King Minos' Bull,
wrestles it into submission,
401
00:28:23,971 --> 00:28:26,091
and sails it back home.
402
00:28:26,611 --> 00:28:30,171
No longer will Greece answer to Crete.
403
00:28:31,731 --> 00:28:33,531
Seven Labours down.
404
00:28:35,851 --> 00:28:38,411
With his conquest of the Cretan Bull,
405
00:28:38,411 --> 00:28:41,211
Hercules has won his war
against Nature.
406
00:28:41,251 --> 00:28:44,051
Now it will be man versus man.
407
00:28:44,491 --> 00:28:46,251
In the earlier Labours,
408
00:28:46,291 --> 00:28:49,531
Hercules was performing
services that benefited mankind,
409
00:28:49,531 --> 00:28:52,851
ridding them of pests and beasts
and these other various things.
410
00:28:52,931 --> 00:28:56,571
But at this point we start to see
a darker side of Hercules.
411
00:28:56,611 --> 00:28:59,411
And it maybe foreshadows
things to come.
412
00:29:00,651 --> 00:29:02,331
In his next set of Labours,
413
00:29:02,371 --> 00:29:06,651
Hercules confronts two foreign rulers
who pose a threat to Greece.
414
00:29:08,171 --> 00:29:10,451
First he targets Diomedes,
415
00:29:10,531 --> 00:29:13,131
the tyrannical king of Bistonia.
416
00:29:14,651 --> 00:29:18,971
Diomedes has trained his horses
to eat the flesh of his enemies.
417
00:29:20,731 --> 00:29:23,971
Hercules makes him their next meal.
418
00:29:26,731 --> 00:29:30,091
This Labour sent a powerful
message to the ancient Greeks,
419
00:29:30,131 --> 00:29:34,131
that the evil you create
will ultimately destroy you.
420
00:29:34,971 --> 00:29:38,331
This is the first Labour where
Hercules actually kills someone.
421
00:29:38,371 --> 00:29:40,051
This is the pivotal moment.
422
00:29:40,091 --> 00:29:43,011
For the first time he's
actually drawn human blood.
423
00:29:46,611 --> 00:29:49,891
The killing spree continues
in his next Labour,
424
00:29:49,971 --> 00:29:52,131
where Hercules slays the Amazons,
425
00:29:52,211 --> 00:29:54,771
a ferocious tribe of female warriors,
426
00:29:54,811 --> 00:29:58,051
after stealing the belt
of their leader, Hippolyta.
427
00:29:58,851 --> 00:30:03,291
With that, Hercules has completed
nine of his twelve Labours.
428
00:30:03,371 --> 00:30:07,091
His bravery, strength and stamina
have carried him through
429
00:30:07,091 --> 00:30:11,011
the most impossible series
of tasks ever attempted.
430
00:30:13,211 --> 00:30:16,171
But the final battles will
prove to be the hardest.
431
00:30:16,771 --> 00:30:20,931
They will take Hercules beyond the
outer limits of the known world.
432
00:30:21,731 --> 00:30:25,251
Through territory
no Greek has ever seen
433
00:30:25,291 --> 00:30:31,851
in search of a realm with intriguing
parallels to the biblical Garden of Eden.
434
00:30:39,011 --> 00:30:43,531
The mythical hero Hercules has
endured nine daunting Labours
435
00:30:43,611 --> 00:30:47,291
in a quest to atone for the
crime of killing his family.
436
00:30:47,411 --> 00:30:50,851
Every challenge represents a
tougher test of his strength,
437
00:30:50,891 --> 00:30:53,531
stamina and resolve.
438
00:30:53,611 --> 00:30:57,411
In his Labours, there's kind of
a crescendo of difficulty.
439
00:30:57,451 --> 00:31:01,811
That Hercules is able to overcome
even harder and harder Labours
440
00:31:01,811 --> 00:31:04,531
shows him to be incredibly powerful
441
00:31:04,571 --> 00:31:06,971
in a way no other ancient
hero was able to do.
442
00:31:07,051 --> 00:31:09,171
But as the challenges go on,
443
00:31:09,211 --> 00:31:12,771
it becomes clear that no
amount of physical pain
444
00:31:12,771 --> 00:31:14,931
can ease his mental anguish.
445
00:31:15,011 --> 00:31:18,371
Hercules is a prisoner
of his own guilt.
446
00:31:18,931 --> 00:31:21,211
No matter how many
Labours he performed,
447
00:31:21,251 --> 00:31:24,371
no matter how much
heroism he exhibited,
448
00:31:24,411 --> 00:31:29,611
no matter how extraordinary
his physical straits were,
449
00:31:29,651 --> 00:31:34,691
inside of him there was no peace,
there was no satisfaction.
450
00:31:35,331 --> 00:31:38,051
Three more tests remain for Hercules.
451
00:31:39,371 --> 00:31:42,331
They will take him to
the edge of the Earth
452
00:31:42,371 --> 00:31:45,371
and into an abyss of death.
453
00:31:46,931 --> 00:31:49,851
What happens is that Hercules
continually has to go further and further
454
00:31:49,891 --> 00:31:53,211
afield from Greece.
The further you go out into the unknown
455
00:31:53,251 --> 00:31:58,571
you actually cross the plane
between mortal and immortal world.
456
00:31:59,091 --> 00:32:04,211
In his 10th Labour, Hercules sets out
to capture the Cattle of the Geryon.
457
00:32:04,691 --> 00:32:07,611
A vicious monster with
three sets of legs,
458
00:32:07,651 --> 00:32:09,131
three heads,
459
00:32:09,171 --> 00:32:10,891
and a lethal pedigree.
460
00:32:11,491 --> 00:32:13,691
He's the grandson of Medusa,
461
00:32:13,731 --> 00:32:17,771
so he too is a kind of
semi-monstrous figure
462
00:32:17,811 --> 00:32:22,011
and he's not going to let
these cattle go without a fight.
463
00:32:22,611 --> 00:32:26,811
But destroying the Geryon
is only half of the challenge.
464
00:32:26,891 --> 00:32:29,571
The other half is getting there.
465
00:32:33,771 --> 00:32:38,851
To reach the Geryon, Hercules must
venture beyond the Mediterranean Sea,
466
00:32:39,491 --> 00:32:41,251
into the Atlantic Ocean.
467
00:32:41,891 --> 00:32:45,211
But one massive obstacle
stands in his way.
468
00:32:45,851 --> 00:32:49,811
A mountain range that joins
Europe and Africa into one continent
469
00:32:49,851 --> 00:32:52,771
and seals off the sea from the ocean.
470
00:32:53,731 --> 00:32:57,131
Hercules decides not to
go around the mountain.
471
00:32:57,451 --> 00:32:59,171
He goes through it.
472
00:33:00,691 --> 00:33:04,851
He splits the mountain in two
with one blow from his sword.
473
00:33:08,451 --> 00:33:12,531
This part of the myth was created
to explain how the Atlantic
474
00:33:12,571 --> 00:33:15,371
and Mediterranean were joined.
475
00:33:15,411 --> 00:33:20,451
The cliffs on each side
are forever linked to Hercules.
476
00:33:21,451 --> 00:33:23,851
The Straits of Gibraltar are
known to the ancient Greeks
477
00:33:23,891 --> 00:33:25,451
as the Pillars of Hercules.
478
00:33:25,491 --> 00:33:28,691
And no one could go beyond there,
no one knew what was beyond there.
479
00:33:29,891 --> 00:33:31,931
To the people of the ancient world
480
00:33:31,971 --> 00:33:36,891
the Pillars of Hercules were not just
a gateway into an unexplored ocean,
481
00:33:38,491 --> 00:33:42,371
they were a portal between
reality and myth.
482
00:33:42,451 --> 00:33:45,211
For a Greek to talk of somewhere
beyond the Pillars of Hercules
483
00:33:45,251 --> 00:33:48,051
is kind of like you and I talking about
somewhere over the rainbow.
484
00:33:48,091 --> 00:33:50,491
And that Hercules has actually
gone there and come back
485
00:33:50,531 --> 00:33:52,731
would have only added
to his reputation.
486
00:33:55,331 --> 00:33:58,211
All ancient sailors bound
for the Atlantic
487
00:33:58,291 --> 00:34:01,531
had to sail between
the Pillars of Hercules,
488
00:34:01,611 --> 00:34:06,011
and one recent discovery suggests
there were many who dropped anchor here
489
00:34:06,091 --> 00:34:09,011
to pay respects to the hero himself.
490
00:34:09,611 --> 00:34:12,131
In a cave on the rock of Gibraltar
491
00:34:12,171 --> 00:34:15,251
archaeologists have turned up
hundreds of artefacts
492
00:34:15,291 --> 00:34:18,251
believed to be linked
to Hercules.
493
00:34:18,931 --> 00:34:23,211
So we took samples and sent them
away for radio-carbon dating,
494
00:34:23,211 --> 00:34:26,611
and they're all perfect matches
within each other,
495
00:34:26,651 --> 00:34:29,451
they all seem to point to a period
of about 400 years,
496
00:34:29,451 --> 00:34:32,451
from about 800 BC to 400 BC.
497
00:34:32,451 --> 00:34:34,891
These are objects that were being
placed very specifically
498
00:34:34,931 --> 00:34:36,251
for a particular reason,
499
00:34:36,251 --> 00:34:40,091
and we're quite confident that
we have here is a big shrine.
500
00:34:41,931 --> 00:34:46,731
Experts believe Greek sailors came
to the shrine to pray for their lives
501
00:34:46,771 --> 00:34:50,411
as the prepared to follow
Hercules into the unknown.
502
00:34:50,451 --> 00:34:55,571
They did not know what,
if anything, lay beyond the Pillars.
503
00:34:58,851 --> 00:35:02,651
In the myth, Hercules faces
the same uncertainty
504
00:35:02,691 --> 00:35:06,051
as he crosses this threshold
into the unknown.
505
00:35:10,611 --> 00:35:15,891
Beyond the Pillars, the three-headed
Geryon and his cattle await.
506
00:35:17,091 --> 00:35:19,451
The monster comes out fighting,
507
00:35:19,491 --> 00:35:22,611
hurling huge boulders down
the mountain at Hercules.
508
00:35:23,491 --> 00:35:26,371
But Hercules has a secret weapon,
509
00:35:26,451 --> 00:35:31,851
arrows dipped in the poisonous venom
of an earlier conquest, the Hydra.
510
00:35:35,411 --> 00:35:38,371
He takes aim, and fires.
511
00:35:40,011 --> 00:35:42,371
The Geryon falls dead...
512
00:35:44,691 --> 00:35:47,891
and Hercules claims his cattle.
513
00:35:49,091 --> 00:35:50,811
10 Labours down.
514
00:35:54,051 --> 00:35:57,691
Next, Hercules must go
to the edge of the world
515
00:35:57,731 --> 00:35:59,731
to steal golden apples from a Garden
516
00:35:59,771 --> 00:36:02,811
guarded by a dragon
with a hundred heads.
517
00:36:04,811 --> 00:36:09,051
Apples, a garden,
and a dangerous serpent.
518
00:36:09,531 --> 00:36:14,091
This Labour parallels the biblical
story of Adam and Eve.
519
00:36:14,131 --> 00:36:16,091
There are early Christians
520
00:36:16,131 --> 00:36:19,811
who made the comparison between
the Apple of the Hesperides
521
00:36:19,851 --> 00:36:23,291
and the Tree of Life
in the Garden.
522
00:36:23,331 --> 00:36:25,891
That's one of those things dealing
with ancient material
523
00:36:25,931 --> 00:36:28,091
that says these folks
talked to each other,
524
00:36:28,131 --> 00:36:30,291
and they knew each other's stories.
525
00:36:31,771 --> 00:36:35,131
In the Hercules story,
there's a deadly twist.
526
00:36:35,171 --> 00:36:40,011
The Apples he seeks belong
to his enemy, the goddess Hera.
527
00:36:40,091 --> 00:36:44,851
Not only do these Apples belong
to Hera but they are signs
528
00:36:44,891 --> 00:36:47,851
of her sacred marriage to Zeus.
529
00:36:47,891 --> 00:36:52,171
Apples and marriage are very
commonly combined
530
00:36:52,211 --> 00:36:53,771
in Greek mythology.
531
00:36:54,051 --> 00:36:57,931
Hercules wanders for years in
the search of Hera's Apples...
532
00:36:57,971 --> 00:36:59,411
with no luck.
533
00:37:02,931 --> 00:37:05,891
Finally, he reaches the end of the world
534
00:37:05,931 --> 00:37:08,931
and meets a god with
a heavy burden to bear,
535
00:37:09,971 --> 00:37:11,091
Atlas.
536
00:37:11,491 --> 00:37:15,131
Atlas was one of the Titans.
537
00:37:15,131 --> 00:37:21,731
And his job is that he needs to carry on
his shoulders the weight world.
538
00:37:21,771 --> 00:37:25,811
Literally he bears the world
on his shoulders.
539
00:37:27,011 --> 00:37:30,931
This modern-day phrase,
"to carry the world on your shoulders",
540
00:37:30,971 --> 00:37:34,171
is derived directly from
the myth of Atlas.
541
00:37:35,131 --> 00:37:38,691
Hercules is exhausted and lost
542
00:37:38,771 --> 00:37:42,251
but Atlas knows where
the Golden Apples are.
543
00:37:42,291 --> 00:37:47,291
So Hercules volunteers to hold
the world while he retrieves them.
544
00:37:51,611 --> 00:37:54,811
Atlas eventually returns
with the Apples
545
00:37:54,851 --> 00:37:56,331
but there's a catch.
546
00:37:57,531 --> 00:38:02,291
He tells Hercules that he doesn't
want to take the earth and sky back.
547
00:38:03,011 --> 00:38:05,771
Atlas of course says, "Thanks very much,
548
00:38:05,811 --> 00:38:08,091
"I've been trying to get rid
of that for a long time. "
549
00:38:08,131 --> 00:38:10,091
And is about to walk away.
550
00:38:10,131 --> 00:38:12,811
Hercules says, "Oh,
you know, you're right.
551
00:38:12,851 --> 00:38:16,411
"I'm really sorry. Can you just
take it back for just a second?
552
00:38:16,411 --> 00:38:19,171
"I'm going to pad my shoulders
with my lion skin. "
553
00:38:22,171 --> 00:38:26,291
Atlas takes the world back
and Hercules walks away.
554
00:38:27,851 --> 00:38:32,051
Hercules has avenged Hera
by stealing her precious Apples.
555
00:38:33,251 --> 00:38:36,851
Now he is one challenge away
from winning his freedom,
556
00:38:36,931 --> 00:38:41,931
and it will send him to a place
no mortal has returned from alive,
557
00:38:42,411 --> 00:38:44,491
the land of the dead...
558
00:38:45,611 --> 00:38:46,971
Hades.
559
00:38:51,291 --> 00:38:55,211
Hercules has confronted eleven
of the toughest challenges
560
00:38:55,211 --> 00:38:58,491
ever attempted by Man
or the gods.
561
00:38:59,691 --> 00:39:01,611
He's fought wild beasts,
562
00:39:01,931 --> 00:39:03,411
evil kings,
563
00:39:03,771 --> 00:39:05,571
hideous monsters
564
00:39:05,571 --> 00:39:08,331
and crossed over to
an unknown world
565
00:39:09,131 --> 00:39:13,171
in a relentless quest to make
amends for killing his family.
566
00:39:14,291 --> 00:39:16,371
Hercules spends his life toiling,
567
00:39:16,371 --> 00:39:20,851
trying to get rid of a guilt that he
doesn't really feel like he has earned.
568
00:39:20,851 --> 00:39:22,971
Always suffering, always enduring.
569
00:39:22,971 --> 00:39:26,891
Now, one last test remains.
570
00:39:27,531 --> 00:39:29,971
For his 12th and final Labour,
571
00:39:30,011 --> 00:39:34,171
Hercules must find his way to the
mysterious underworld of the dead,
572
00:39:35,331 --> 00:39:36,651
Hades.
573
00:39:38,851 --> 00:39:41,491
There he must capture Cerberus,
574
00:39:41,571 --> 00:39:44,651
the three-headed
guard dog at the gates.
575
00:39:45,291 --> 00:39:48,811
Hercules' final Labour is by far
the most outrageous.
576
00:39:48,851 --> 00:39:51,171
Humans had never done
anything like this before.
577
00:39:51,211 --> 00:39:53,371
Heroes couldn't typically go
to the underworld.
578
00:39:54,171 --> 00:39:59,931
Hades, master of death,
is the keeper of all human souls.
579
00:40:00,691 --> 00:40:03,531
And Cerberus is his enforcer.
580
00:40:05,171 --> 00:40:11,411
Now, the dog isn't so much
to keep you, the living, from going in,
581
00:40:11,411 --> 00:40:13,931
because if you're crazy enough
to do that, that's you're problem.
582
00:40:13,971 --> 00:40:17,571
It's to keep the dead
from coming out.
583
00:40:18,011 --> 00:40:21,731
One of the biggest problems you have
in most ancient civilizations
584
00:40:21,731 --> 00:40:25,211
is the fear that if someone dies,
they may not realise they're dead,
585
00:40:25,211 --> 00:40:26,891
and come back to you.
586
00:40:26,891 --> 00:40:30,611
Hercules tries a diplomatic
approach with Hades.
587
00:40:31,771 --> 00:40:35,691
He asks for permission to take
his guard-dog up to earth.
588
00:40:36,771 --> 00:40:40,211
Hades agrees on one condition -
589
00:40:40,931 --> 00:40:45,291
Hercules must overpower the beast
with nothing but his fists.
590
00:40:45,611 --> 00:40:48,731
This is the final moment of truth.
591
00:40:52,971 --> 00:40:56,091
Hercules wrestles
the dog to the ground.
592
00:41:03,011 --> 00:41:05,211
And beats it into submission.
593
00:41:11,051 --> 00:41:14,331
The fact that he was able to bring
Cerberus back from hell
594
00:41:14,891 --> 00:41:17,131
is an extraordinary event.
595
00:41:17,571 --> 00:41:19,531
Because what it showed was
596
00:41:19,531 --> 00:41:26,411
that a Greek hero could go in
and break the cycle of life and death.
597
00:41:27,491 --> 00:41:31,931
At last, Hercules has
completed his penance.
598
00:41:32,051 --> 00:41:35,731
He has conquered every obstacle
that has been put in his path,
599
00:41:36,811 --> 00:41:40,971
and endured physical and mental
torment beyond measure.
600
00:41:41,531 --> 00:41:45,811
By all rights, he should
finally be in peace.
601
00:41:46,251 --> 00:41:50,291
Hercules is someone who struggles,
who overcomes, he suffers
602
00:41:50,291 --> 00:41:51,771
but he always gets back up.
603
00:41:51,811 --> 00:41:55,291
And there's some vague promise
that life is gonna be better for him
604
00:41:55,291 --> 00:41:58,811
after this adventure is completed,
but of course it never is.
605
00:41:59,731 --> 00:42:03,131
Hera holds an undying grudge
against Hercules
606
00:42:03,171 --> 00:42:05,971
for being Zeus' illegitimate son.
607
00:42:13,771 --> 00:42:17,091
There is only one
escape from her curse...
608
00:42:17,851 --> 00:42:18,971
death.
609
00:42:20,531 --> 00:42:23,011
He builds a huge funeral pyre.
610
00:42:25,011 --> 00:42:28,371
His life on earth ends
just as he endured it.
611
00:42:30,571 --> 00:42:32,051
In torment.
612
00:42:34,211 --> 00:42:37,211
He wants to have a heroic death,
the proper death of a hero.
613
00:42:37,291 --> 00:42:39,371
He wants to burn on a funeral pyre.
614
00:42:39,411 --> 00:42:43,691
But when this happens, it seems
to be the final cleansing.
615
00:42:43,731 --> 00:42:47,851
What burns away is not Hercules,
what burns away is his mortal flesh.
616
00:42:47,891 --> 00:42:52,051
And this releases his soul,
so he himself ascends to the heavens.
617
00:42:53,531 --> 00:42:57,731
In death, Hercules is finally redeemed.
618
00:42:57,771 --> 00:43:01,811
Zeus, the king of the gods,
believes his son has suffered enough.
619
00:43:03,811 --> 00:43:07,691
He invites him to join the
immortals on Mount Olympus,
620
00:43:08,811 --> 00:43:12,931
and his nemesis, Hera,
finally relents.
621
00:43:14,051 --> 00:43:17,451
What we see here is that Hercules
is the hero of heroes,
622
00:43:17,451 --> 00:43:19,011
he's the greatest of the great.
623
00:43:19,011 --> 00:43:21,331
And at the very end
of it all Zeus says,
624
00:43:21,371 --> 00:43:23,731
ok, Hercules, you've suffered
enough and you're so great,
625
00:43:23,771 --> 00:43:26,211
I'm actually gonna go ahead
and make you a god.
626
00:43:30,331 --> 00:43:34,331
Hercules is finally gonna get a kind
of reward that will last forever.
627
00:43:34,331 --> 00:43:36,171
The suffering is finally over.
628
00:43:37,171 --> 00:43:40,411
In the end, Hercules is resurrected,
629
00:43:40,411 --> 00:43:43,771
and joins his father
in the eternal kingdom.
630
00:43:44,291 --> 00:43:49,011
It is an ending with an eerie
similarity to another divine mortal -
631
00:43:49,291 --> 00:43:50,931
Jesus Christ.
632
00:43:51,611 --> 00:43:55,091
Hercules' final act is
one of self sacrifice.
633
00:43:55,171 --> 00:43:57,011
And again there is an
interesting Christian parallel
634
00:43:57,051 --> 00:44:00,771
with the hero who has to
suffer to obtain immortality.
635
00:44:01,611 --> 00:44:05,531
And when he lights himself on fire,
it burns away all the mortality
636
00:44:05,531 --> 00:44:09,291
and all that's left it's his essence,
and that's what ascends into heaven.
637
00:44:10,571 --> 00:44:13,531
This is the myth of Hercules.
638
00:44:13,811 --> 00:44:20,611
A timeless story of strength,
suffering and redemption.
639
00:44:21,011 --> 00:44:23,171
It's the kind of story
people like to hear...
640
00:44:23,171 --> 00:44:27,411
because everyone has experienced trouble,
and toil and suffering in their lives.
641
00:44:27,451 --> 00:44:29,571
They've all faced monumental tasks
642
00:44:29,571 --> 00:44:33,411
that they don't think
they'll be able to complete.
643
00:44:34,091 --> 00:44:37,211
And they want to hear a story of
someone who's been through such things
644
00:44:37,251 --> 00:44:40,211
but has still gotten through
and made it into the end.
645
00:44:40,211 --> 00:44:43,491
That Hercules can
achieve success at the end
646
00:44:43,531 --> 00:44:47,611
points to us that there's a kind of
always a possibility of success
647
00:44:47,651 --> 00:44:50,091
no matter how difficult
our life might seem.
56875
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