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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,060 --> 00:00:04,270 THE BATTLE OF CHILE 2 00:00:04,500 --> 00:00:09,380 The struggle of an unarmed people 3 00:00:10,810 --> 00:00:14,250 a Patricio Guzmán Film 4 00:01:45,700 --> 00:01:49,480 In memory of Jorge Müller Silva 5 00:02:23,070 --> 00:02:28,150 Part One: THE INSURRECTION OF THE BOURGEOISIE 6 00:02:29,540 --> 00:02:32,620 Six months before the bombing of the La Moneda palace... 7 00:02:32,750 --> 00:02:36,190 ...the Chilean people are voting to renew Parliament. 8 00:02:37,120 --> 00:02:40,590 The political forces are divided in two blocks. 9 00:02:40,760 --> 00:02:42,760 On one side, the center right opposition... 10 00:02:43,020 --> 00:02:45,560 ...made up by the Christian Democrat and National parties. 11 00:02:45,890 --> 00:02:47,970 On the other, the left wing parties... 12 00:02:48,130 --> 00:02:49,970 ...grouped together in Popular Unity... 13 00:02:50,200 --> 00:02:52,800 ...and supporting Salvador Allende. 14 00:02:52,870 --> 00:02:59,480 The left, united, will never be defeated! 15 00:03:01,880 --> 00:03:03,480 Synch! 16 00:03:03,750 --> 00:03:11,760 The left, united, will never be defeated! 17 00:03:13,860 --> 00:03:14,990 Cut! 18 00:03:15,160 --> 00:03:16,760 Clapper! 19 00:03:17,730 --> 00:03:20,900 Sir, who do you think will win the elections on Sunday? 20 00:03:21,300 --> 00:03:23,140 Well, I'm apolitical. 21 00:03:24,030 --> 00:03:26,210 Ma'am, who do you think will win? 22 00:03:26,270 --> 00:03:28,650 The opposition has to win. - The opposition? - Yes. 23 00:03:28,870 --> 00:03:31,910 - By what percentage? - I've got no idea. 24 00:03:32,940 --> 00:03:35,890 Frei! Jarpa! Labbé! 25 00:03:36,140 --> 00:03:38,020 All three are rubbish! 26 00:03:38,250 --> 00:03:41,090 Frei! Jarpa! Labbé! 27 00:03:41,280 --> 00:03:43,260 All three are rubbish! 28 00:03:44,050 --> 00:03:46,790 Who will you be voting for in the elections? 29 00:03:46,990 --> 00:03:49,900 For Volodia Teitelboim and Eliana Aranibar. 30 00:03:50,290 --> 00:03:52,270 How do you see the future? 31 00:03:52,690 --> 00:03:55,640 We'll continue to progress but we must Keep fighting... 32 00:03:55,830 --> 00:03:57,940 ...much more than we have done. 33 00:03:58,130 --> 00:04:01,310 What can I say about Frei? When he was in government... 34 00:04:01,500 --> 00:04:04,010 ...I lived in a shack that was falling down. 35 00:04:05,010 --> 00:04:07,250 It was damp all the time... 36 00:04:07,440 --> 00:04:09,480 ...and my four children had bronchopneumonia. 37 00:04:09,680 --> 00:04:12,850 I asked everywhere for help and nobody listened to me. 38 00:04:13,010 --> 00:04:15,930 But now, wherever I go, I'm seen to... 39 00:04:16,220 --> 00:04:18,930 ...and thanks to Allende, I've got a lovely house. 40 00:04:19,150 --> 00:04:22,070 I don't have many comforts, but we don't go hungry. 41 00:04:29,700 --> 00:04:31,110 I'm retired. 42 00:04:32,430 --> 00:04:33,970 I'm retired. 43 00:04:34,570 --> 00:04:39,520 No government has ever done what this government has. 44 00:04:41,540 --> 00:04:44,220 - Who's going to win? - Popular Unity... 45 00:04:44,410 --> 00:04:47,050 ...because the workers have to decide Chile's fate. 46 00:04:47,250 --> 00:04:49,160 What do you think of the Christian Democracy? 47 00:04:51,290 --> 00:04:54,760 I think that the Christian Democracy is a party... 48 00:04:55,360 --> 00:04:59,500 ...which has always defended the interests of its class... 49 00:04:59,690 --> 00:05:02,870 ...but never the interests of the working class. 50 00:05:03,060 --> 00:05:06,740 Thank you. Over there, Flaco. Film the drinks seller. 51 00:05:07,240 --> 00:05:09,080 Excuse me, comrade. 52 00:05:09,270 --> 00:05:12,150 Comrade, who's going to win on Sunday? 53 00:05:12,570 --> 00:05:15,210 - I couldn't say. - You couldn't say? - No, sir. 54 00:05:15,280 --> 00:05:18,420 - I've got no idea. - Do you read the papers? - Not a lot. 55 00:05:19,850 --> 00:05:22,690 - Who'll win on Sunday? - We will, the PU. 56 00:05:23,790 --> 00:05:26,600 - We've got the majority. - We'll get 45%. 57 00:05:26,790 --> 00:05:29,890 Popular Unity is going to win by an overwhelming amount. 58 00:05:30,160 --> 00:05:32,700 It's the workers' government, the people's government. 59 00:05:32,990 --> 00:05:35,410 The people have seen the benefits... 60 00:05:35,600 --> 00:05:38,130 ...that socialism brings for all the citizens. 61 00:05:38,470 --> 00:05:40,840 Thank you, comrade. Cut! 62 00:05:42,270 --> 00:05:46,240 Sir, what percentage do you give to Popular Unity? 63 00:05:48,280 --> 00:05:49,980 The truth is... 64 00:05:50,210 --> 00:05:52,820 ...Popular Unity is going to win... 65 00:05:53,080 --> 00:05:59,090 ...because we started out in 1970 with 36%... 66 00:05:59,550 --> 00:06:03,230 ...and at the present time, with all that we've seen... 67 00:06:03,460 --> 00:06:07,170 ...and the people who are with comrade Salvador Allende... 68 00:06:08,930 --> 00:06:12,040 ...we're guaranteed to get 43% and more. 69 00:06:12,200 --> 00:06:13,840 43% and more. 70 00:06:14,100 --> 00:06:16,050 Good afternoon, ladies. 71 00:06:16,670 --> 00:06:18,310 Who will you vote for? 72 00:06:18,510 --> 00:06:21,390 I'm voting for Volodia Teitelboim... 73 00:06:21,610 --> 00:06:23,050 ...and Eliana Aranibar. 74 00:06:23,240 --> 00:06:24,850 What percentage do you give Popular Unity? 75 00:06:25,050 --> 00:06:26,350 Over 40%. 76 00:06:26,410 --> 00:06:29,860 - And the food shortage? - I don't think there is one. 77 00:06:30,080 --> 00:06:32,000 I haven't lost an ounce of weight! 78 00:06:33,250 --> 00:06:34,730 Recording! 79 00:07:19,170 --> 00:07:21,940 Sir, what do you think about the elections? 80 00:07:23,070 --> 00:07:27,310 Popular Unity are going to get less than 20%. 81 00:07:27,840 --> 00:07:29,690 How do you see the future? 82 00:07:30,910 --> 00:07:34,050 Whatever happens, we'll still have lots of problems. 83 00:07:45,730 --> 00:07:47,830 Sir, what do you think about the elections? 84 00:07:48,100 --> 00:07:50,130 - Leave me alone. - Thank you. 85 00:07:53,130 --> 00:07:55,440 What do you think about the elections? 86 00:07:55,670 --> 00:07:58,120 The opposition will win, especially the National Party. 87 00:07:58,340 --> 00:07:59,650 And the future? 88 00:07:59,870 --> 00:08:02,750 Chile has to rise up with freedom and democracy. 89 00:08:05,950 --> 00:08:09,260 Sir, what do you think about the elections on Sunday? 90 00:08:09,850 --> 00:08:11,830 I think it's a plebiscite... 91 00:08:13,120 --> 00:08:14,960 ...and on Sunday Chile is going to decide... 92 00:08:15,160 --> 00:08:16,930 ...if it wants Marxism or freedom. 93 00:08:16,990 --> 00:08:20,270 How do you view the future, after the elections? 94 00:08:20,460 --> 00:08:22,600 The only solution is a change of government. 95 00:08:22,800 --> 00:08:25,940 - Do you believe in elections? - Yes, of course. 96 00:08:29,370 --> 00:08:32,370 Sir, what do you think about the elections on Sunday? 97 00:08:37,710 --> 00:08:40,560 I think that the Popular Front is going to get a hammering... 98 00:08:40,780 --> 00:08:42,690 ...and it's going to be wiped out. 99 00:08:43,120 --> 00:08:46,660 - Do you believe in elections? - Yes, absolutely. 100 00:08:46,990 --> 00:08:49,830 What percentages for Popular Unity and the National Party? 101 00:08:50,020 --> 00:08:51,800 30% and 70%. 102 00:08:52,430 --> 00:08:54,500 - How do you see the future? - The future? 103 00:08:54,760 --> 00:08:56,940 Chile's always had a promising future. 104 00:08:57,430 --> 00:08:58,930 - Thank you. - You're welcome. 105 00:08:59,770 --> 00:09:03,240 Ma'am, what's your position as regards the elections? 106 00:09:03,770 --> 00:09:05,840 Jarpa and Alessandri. 107 00:09:06,010 --> 00:09:09,610 - What's your preference? - The National Party. 108 00:09:10,110 --> 00:09:12,750 Do you believe in elections or in other methods? 109 00:09:13,410 --> 00:09:16,360 I think there has to be a firm line. 110 00:09:17,220 --> 00:09:21,560 There must never be any question of playing with the people. 111 00:09:21,820 --> 00:09:25,200 How do you view the future, after the elections? 112 00:09:25,390 --> 00:09:27,900 We have to work hard to rebuild Chile. 113 00:09:30,800 --> 00:09:33,710 - Sir, who will you be voting for? - For Jarpa. 114 00:09:33,970 --> 00:09:35,810 And who'll win the elections? 115 00:09:35,970 --> 00:09:38,350 The opposition will, easily. 116 00:09:38,510 --> 00:09:42,080 - And with what percentage? - 65% at least. 117 00:09:42,480 --> 00:09:44,580 And what will happen in Chile then? 118 00:09:44,810 --> 00:09:47,420 The government will have to respect the majority. 119 00:09:48,880 --> 00:09:51,590 Do you believe in elections or in other methods? 120 00:09:51,790 --> 00:09:53,960 - Elections. - Thank you. 121 00:09:54,890 --> 00:09:56,990 They should impeach the President! 122 00:09:57,560 --> 00:10:01,940 - What? - They should impeach him and throw him out on May 21! 123 00:10:02,400 --> 00:10:05,380 He's destroyed the country, ruined it... 124 00:10:05,700 --> 00:10:07,840 ...and this is a corrupt, degenerate government! 125 00:10:08,070 --> 00:10:10,240 Degenerate, corrupt, filthy! 126 00:10:10,610 --> 00:10:13,350 All those dirty communists should get out of Chile! 127 00:10:13,510 --> 00:10:16,220 On May 21, thank God, we'll have... 128 00:10:16,340 --> 00:10:19,150 ...the cleanest, finest government we've ever had! 129 00:10:19,380 --> 00:10:20,830 Democracy will win... 130 00:10:20,880 --> 00:10:23,920 ...and we'll get rid of those rotten Marxist communists! 131 00:10:24,690 --> 00:10:26,290 Who do you prefer among the opposition? 132 00:10:27,360 --> 00:10:29,630 Candidates? Jarpa and Gustavo Alessandri. 133 00:10:30,120 --> 00:10:31,570 And what percentage? 134 00:10:32,030 --> 00:10:33,560 My ideal would be 100%... 135 00:10:33,860 --> 00:10:36,030 ...but really I think it'll be around 70%. 136 00:10:37,830 --> 00:10:43,780 Power to the workers! 137 00:10:45,340 --> 00:10:49,410 Comrade, what's your opinion about the elections? 138 00:10:50,040 --> 00:10:51,960 I say Popular Unity will win. 139 00:10:52,510 --> 00:10:54,960 And to hell with the "mummies" on the right! 140 00:10:55,820 --> 00:10:59,700 We'll win with Popular Unity. Here and everywhere else. 141 00:11:00,020 --> 00:11:01,590 The "mummies" can drop dead! 142 00:11:01,690 --> 00:11:04,730 Power to the workers! 143 00:11:04,890 --> 00:11:07,270 What do you think about the elections? 144 00:11:08,560 --> 00:11:12,070 We have to fight to get a big majority. 145 00:11:12,870 --> 00:11:15,280 We who can see things very clearly... 146 00:11:15,470 --> 00:11:20,110 ...realize that the only way to get power... 147 00:11:20,340 --> 00:11:21,910 ...given that we've got the government... 148 00:11:22,110 --> 00:11:25,320 ...is by winning the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. 149 00:11:25,710 --> 00:11:28,890 What it really means is getting a bit more power... 150 00:11:29,250 --> 00:11:31,030 ...more power for the class. 151 00:11:31,920 --> 00:11:33,960 But, even so... 152 00:11:34,390 --> 00:11:36,230 ...it isn't the definitive solution. 153 00:11:36,420 --> 00:11:39,270 We believe that one election more or less... 154 00:11:39,460 --> 00:11:42,530 ...won't solve the problem and avoid the civil war. 155 00:11:42,700 --> 00:11:45,440 The civil war is inevitable and fundamental. 156 00:11:45,670 --> 00:11:48,270 And it's going to happen, because at present... 157 00:11:48,470 --> 00:11:51,850 ...the classes are becoming more and more polarized. 158 00:11:52,040 --> 00:11:55,540 On one side, the bourgeoisie, on the other, the proletariat. 159 00:11:55,710 --> 00:11:57,250 That confrontation will come. 160 00:11:57,380 --> 00:12:05,390 Forward without compromise! 161 00:12:08,860 --> 00:12:11,890 As usual, the armed forces guarantee order... 162 00:12:12,060 --> 00:12:13,540 ...during the elections. 163 00:12:13,730 --> 00:12:15,730 The opposition votes, confident of victory. 164 00:12:16,160 --> 00:12:17,940 With a two thirds majority in Parliament... 165 00:12:18,100 --> 00:12:21,840 ...it could remove President Allende by impeaching him. 166 00:12:22,370 --> 00:12:25,710 For that, they need more than 60% of the votes. 167 00:12:28,980 --> 00:12:31,250 For Popular Unity, this is the first ballot... 168 00:12:31,450 --> 00:12:34,290 ...with all the opposition forces since the presidential victory in 1970. 169 00:12:34,920 --> 00:12:37,790 It's also a chance to measure their electoral strength... 170 00:12:37,990 --> 00:12:40,120 ...after two years of an economic boycott... 171 00:12:40,320 --> 00:12:42,890 ...imposed by Washington, and internal opposition. 172 00:12:43,590 --> 00:12:48,200 On Sunday, March 4 at 8:00 a.m., voting has started. 173 00:12:52,430 --> 00:12:53,810 Good afternoon, ma'am. 174 00:12:53,970 --> 00:12:56,380 We're doing interviews for Channel 13. 175 00:12:56,540 --> 00:13:00,280 We'd like to know your views and who you think will win. 176 00:13:00,740 --> 00:13:03,350 - We're sorry to bother you. - No, it's no bother. 177 00:13:03,610 --> 00:13:05,590 I like Baltra. I voted for him. 178 00:13:06,010 --> 00:13:07,290 - Baltra? - Yes. 179 00:13:07,520 --> 00:13:09,930 What do you think the percentages will be? 180 00:13:10,080 --> 00:13:12,160 - Do you want to come in? - Yes, if we may. 181 00:13:16,320 --> 00:13:19,740 Sir, we're doing interviews for Channel 13. 182 00:13:20,090 --> 00:13:24,540 Could you tell us how you think the percentages will be? 183 00:13:24,700 --> 00:13:26,680 - I don't know, I don't vote. - You don't? 184 00:13:26,870 --> 00:13:28,240 - You've got no preference? - None. 185 00:13:28,440 --> 00:13:31,910 You said you voted for Baltra. At what time? 186 00:13:33,640 --> 00:13:36,120 It's Channel 13. No, I voted for Jarpa. 187 00:13:36,310 --> 00:13:38,020 - You voted for Jarpa? - Yes. 188 00:13:38,180 --> 00:13:40,660 - At what time did you vote? - At 11 :00 am. 189 00:13:40,880 --> 00:13:43,380 - In what commune? - The National Stadium. 190 00:13:43,580 --> 00:13:46,360 What do you think of the elections today? 191 00:13:46,590 --> 00:13:48,660 I think it's great... 192 00:13:48,890 --> 00:13:51,890 ...and I think that democracy is going to win. 193 00:13:52,130 --> 00:13:55,070 What do you think will happen in the future in Chile? 194 00:13:55,400 --> 00:13:57,970 Everything will be sorted out and we'll rebuild Chile. 195 00:13:58,600 --> 00:14:02,050 Do you think the President should be removed or not? 196 00:14:02,100 --> 00:14:05,950 I couldn't say, but all this has to be sorted out. 197 00:14:06,210 --> 00:14:09,120 What did you think of Jarpa's meeting here two days ago? 198 00:14:09,310 --> 00:14:11,350 Fantastic! I saw it from here. 199 00:14:11,550 --> 00:14:13,750 Did it really catch your attention? 200 00:14:14,080 --> 00:14:16,620 Of course! The crowds and the enthusiasm... 201 00:14:17,020 --> 00:14:18,690 ...and all very orderly. 202 00:14:19,720 --> 00:14:23,430 Well, I thought it was great, and we're going to win! 203 00:14:26,290 --> 00:14:30,570 And what about the alliance with Christian Democracy? 204 00:14:32,930 --> 00:14:35,140 I think it's splendid, really good. 205 00:14:35,340 --> 00:14:37,040 You feel happy about that alliance? 206 00:14:37,240 --> 00:14:40,550 Yes, I do, because I think it'll fix everything. 207 00:14:40,980 --> 00:14:42,960 Thank you very much. 208 00:14:49,250 --> 00:14:52,360 At 5:00 p.m., the first results start to come in. 209 00:14:54,660 --> 00:14:57,470 The Interior Minister, General Carlos Prats... 210 00:14:57,630 --> 00:14:59,800 ...ensures the maximum guarantees of honesty... 211 00:14:59,990 --> 00:15:01,370 ...for all the sectors. 212 00:15:01,560 --> 00:15:03,970 Nevertheless, before the count is finished... 213 00:15:04,200 --> 00:15:07,200 ...some media are announcing a victory for the opposition. 214 00:15:08,370 --> 00:15:11,940 They don't say that over 40% of the votes are for the left. 215 00:15:12,210 --> 00:15:14,910 The opposition, who never doubted their victory... 216 00:15:15,110 --> 00:15:18,520 ...celebrate the supposed end of Popular Unity. 217 00:15:32,490 --> 00:15:33,870 What do you think of the elections? 218 00:15:34,060 --> 00:15:36,800 We're winning! We've got over 60%! 219 00:15:52,950 --> 00:15:54,980 What do you think of the elections? 220 00:15:55,220 --> 00:15:57,790 Fantastic! But we were bound to win! 221 00:16:01,990 --> 00:16:03,090 Sir, what do you... 222 00:16:03,160 --> 00:16:06,260 Great! I'm Argentinean and I'm delighted that Frei has won! 223 00:16:06,530 --> 00:16:09,870 It's terrific! Chile needs a few more Freis. 224 00:16:11,630 --> 00:16:14,940 Over here! Come on, Flaco, move it! 225 00:16:21,940 --> 00:16:26,290 - How do you feel about it? - It's a great victory! 226 00:16:29,120 --> 00:16:32,760 It's a fantastic success! We're delighted! 227 00:16:33,050 --> 00:16:35,000 How do you see the future? 228 00:16:35,220 --> 00:16:37,170 A plebiscite, and we'll win the elections. 229 00:16:37,360 --> 00:16:39,630 Allende will have to leave Chile immediately. 230 00:16:39,830 --> 00:16:42,540 - Would you impeach him? - Yes, of course. 231 00:16:43,000 --> 00:16:44,640 Anyway, so long! 232 00:16:50,570 --> 00:16:53,980 What do you think about today's elections? 233 00:16:54,110 --> 00:16:56,610 It's a triumph for democracy and Chile will always be free! 234 00:16:56,810 --> 00:16:59,850 - What will happen now? - God forbid anything does. 235 00:17:00,050 --> 00:17:02,250 All we ask is that Chile is always free! 236 00:17:05,150 --> 00:17:07,460 Are you in favor of impeaching Allende? 237 00:17:07,650 --> 00:17:08,890 - Yes, sir. - Yes. 238 00:17:09,120 --> 00:17:11,230 You don't think that could cause a civil war? 239 00:17:11,390 --> 00:17:14,000 - It doesn't matter. - We've got the majority. 240 00:17:16,860 --> 00:17:18,470 What do you think of the election? 241 00:17:18,670 --> 00:17:20,540 We finally beat those bastards! 242 00:17:23,470 --> 00:17:25,420 What do you think of the election? 243 00:17:25,570 --> 00:17:27,450 Very good, magnificent. 244 00:17:34,380 --> 00:17:37,660 I'd just like to say that it's really wonderful. 245 00:17:37,750 --> 00:17:40,460 The PU ended up in the garbage... 246 00:17:40,650 --> 00:17:42,030 ...to put it politely! 247 00:17:45,330 --> 00:17:47,640 - Who was your favorite? - Frei. 248 00:17:53,700 --> 00:17:56,040 I am Alfonso Carrasco Cerda... 249 00:17:56,370 --> 00:17:59,040 ...president of the Bank of Chile retirement club. 250 00:17:59,310 --> 00:18:01,980 I believe that we have defended... 251 00:18:02,180 --> 00:18:04,020 ...democracy and freedom in Chile. 252 00:18:04,210 --> 00:18:05,920 Would you like to say anything else? 253 00:18:06,450 --> 00:18:07,650 Yes! 254 00:18:09,550 --> 00:18:12,460 Greetings to all the people... 255 00:18:12,690 --> 00:18:14,830 ...who have helped to free our country. 256 00:18:21,500 --> 00:18:23,870 After midnight, the final results... 257 00:18:24,100 --> 00:18:26,270 ...spread confusion among the opposition. 258 00:18:27,070 --> 00:18:30,570 The dreamed-of number of votes evaporates in disaster. 259 00:18:30,740 --> 00:18:32,080 Against all predictions... 260 00:18:32,270 --> 00:18:34,310 ...Popular Unity doesn't only not lose electoral support... 261 00:18:34,540 --> 00:18:36,020 ...it increases it. 262 00:18:36,410 --> 00:18:40,980 Rejecting the calculations, one sector of the opposition talks of fraud... 263 00:18:41,050 --> 00:18:43,430 ...and sends its troublemakers onto the street. 264 00:19:19,450 --> 00:19:22,660 A few days later, the Election Examination Tribunal... 265 00:19:22,820 --> 00:19:26,170 ...controlled by the opposition is obliged to confirm the official results. 266 00:19:27,690 --> 00:19:31,610 The opposition parties are very far from the 2/3 they'd dreamed of... 267 00:19:31,670 --> 00:19:33,370 ...in order to remove Salvador Allende. 268 00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:38,780 Popular Unity increase to 43.4% of the votes... 269 00:19:38,970 --> 00:19:41,380 ...and increase their numbers in Parliament. 270 00:19:41,580 --> 00:19:43,820 They obtain unprecedented support... 271 00:19:44,080 --> 00:19:46,390 ...after two and a half years in office. 272 00:19:48,480 --> 00:19:49,830 For the opposition... 273 00:19:50,050 --> 00:19:51,530 ...the swearing-in of the new deputies... 274 00:19:51,720 --> 00:19:53,560 ...marks the end of the electoral phase. 275 00:19:59,490 --> 00:20:01,100 Honorable deputies... 276 00:20:01,700 --> 00:20:03,610 ...do you swear or promise... 277 00:20:03,830 --> 00:20:06,000 ...to protect the Constitution of the State... 278 00:20:06,270 --> 00:20:09,210 ...and defend, in the exercise of your duties... 279 00:20:09,440 --> 00:20:10,970 ...its true interests? 280 00:20:12,410 --> 00:20:14,350 Yes, we do. 281 00:20:14,940 --> 00:20:17,080 I hereby declare you incorporated. 282 00:20:20,280 --> 00:20:23,920 The aims of the present session being completed... 283 00:20:24,120 --> 00:20:25,990 ...it is now adjourned. 284 00:20:26,490 --> 00:20:29,490 From now on, the White House and the Chilean opposition... 285 00:20:29,560 --> 00:20:30,860 ...realize that the mechanisms... 286 00:20:31,060 --> 00:20:33,130 ...of representative democracy are of no use to them. 287 00:20:33,760 --> 00:20:35,740 The votes won by the Government coalition... 288 00:20:35,930 --> 00:20:37,880 ...show that the desire for social change... 289 00:20:38,130 --> 00:20:40,610 ...has not decreased, despite the millions of dollars... 290 00:20:40,800 --> 00:20:43,080 ...invested by the North American government. 291 00:20:44,400 --> 00:20:47,680 After March, the strategy of the democratic opposition... 292 00:20:47,870 --> 00:20:51,340 ...will be, paradoxically, that of the coup d'état. 293 00:20:53,250 --> 00:20:58,600 HOARDING AND THE BLACK MARKET 294 00:21:01,490 --> 00:21:03,800 Thanks to a complaint lodged by a neighbor... 295 00:21:03,960 --> 00:21:07,770 ...it was discovered that here in 319 Copiap Street... 296 00:21:08,000 --> 00:21:10,910 ...the following stocks were being hoarded. 297 00:21:10,960 --> 00:21:14,140 20 tons of sugar, 400 boxes of toilet rolls... 298 00:21:14,300 --> 00:21:17,410 ...500 boxes of detergent, 100 boxes of Nescafé... 299 00:21:17,470 --> 00:21:20,940 ...100 boxes of condensed milk, 50 boxes of salmon... 300 00:21:21,010 --> 00:21:22,320 ...large amounts of rice. 301 00:21:23,140 --> 00:21:27,220 This will be sold to the neighbors in this sector... 302 00:21:27,380 --> 00:21:29,830 ...a large number of whom are gathered here. 303 00:21:31,120 --> 00:21:34,790 I'd say this sale will last for approximately three days. 304 00:21:35,690 --> 00:21:37,070 The Government strengthens... 305 00:21:37,320 --> 00:21:39,460 ...the Councils for Provisions and Prices. 306 00:21:40,090 --> 00:21:42,130 In theory, these are local organizations... 307 00:21:42,330 --> 00:21:44,870 ...to supervise food distribution... 308 00:21:45,030 --> 00:21:47,170 ...and report any speculating by shopkeepers. 309 00:21:47,530 --> 00:21:49,910 When the Councils discover any hoarding... 310 00:21:50,070 --> 00:21:51,850 ...the Government intervenes... 311 00:21:52,040 --> 00:21:53,850 ...and the products are put on sale. 312 00:21:54,070 --> 00:21:57,450 In the warehouse belonging to Mrs. Moreno Díaz... 313 00:21:59,910 --> 00:22:02,150 ...the following goods were found. 314 00:22:02,620 --> 00:22:04,690 310 packets of tea... 315 00:22:05,350 --> 00:22:07,730 ...2 boxes of "350"... 316 00:22:08,360 --> 00:22:10,890 ...53 boxes of baby food. 317 00:22:11,830 --> 00:22:15,200 All of it had been eaten by mice. 318 00:22:21,170 --> 00:22:25,340 I bought detergent and two little packets of tea... 319 00:22:25,540 --> 00:22:29,490 ...because I didn't have any more money with me. 320 00:22:29,740 --> 00:22:31,350 I couldn't buy any more. 321 00:22:31,550 --> 00:22:33,680 Well, I've got ten children... 322 00:22:33,880 --> 00:22:36,880 ...and I have to waste the whole morning looking... 323 00:22:42,660 --> 00:22:44,430 We have to put an end to the black market. 324 00:22:44,690 --> 00:22:48,660 We have to close the shops and jail the owners. 325 00:22:48,860 --> 00:22:51,710 We have to do that to scare those people... 326 00:22:51,930 --> 00:22:53,470 ...so they stop speculating. 327 00:22:53,670 --> 00:22:55,740 I think there are lots of provisions. 328 00:22:55,970 --> 00:22:58,810 Look at how often we've seen in the newspapers here... 329 00:22:58,970 --> 00:23:03,180 ...about all the tons of sugar, all that stuff that's hoarded. 330 00:23:04,540 --> 00:23:08,120 In March, there are 3,000 COPPs in all of Chile. 331 00:23:08,250 --> 00:23:12,030 In some cases, they introduce ration cards... 332 00:23:12,250 --> 00:23:14,660 ...in order to improve distribution... 333 00:23:16,860 --> 00:23:19,060 What's the card? Can we see it? 334 00:23:20,660 --> 00:23:23,540 It's my ration card. I've got 14 rations. 335 00:23:24,230 --> 00:23:27,270 I've got 2 stock cubes marked down. 336 00:23:27,530 --> 00:23:29,380 No, 4 cubes, when they arrive. 337 00:23:29,600 --> 00:23:31,780 If more come, they give you more. 338 00:23:32,010 --> 00:23:35,250 It's all rationed. Coffee, milk, everything. 339 00:23:37,010 --> 00:23:38,680 Can you get by on that? 340 00:23:38,850 --> 00:23:40,850 Yes, we can get by. And if we don't... 341 00:23:40,980 --> 00:23:43,660 ...then we try to buy other things instead. 342 00:23:44,150 --> 00:23:46,150 Will we collect the the vegetables you bought? 343 00:23:48,790 --> 00:23:51,240 The main aims of the opposition... 344 00:23:51,960 --> 00:23:54,170 ...are to disrupt food supplies... 345 00:23:54,360 --> 00:23:57,400 ...exhaust the reserve stocks and sabotage harvests... 346 00:23:57,560 --> 00:23:59,640 ...so as to increase the scarcity of basic necessities. 347 00:24:05,810 --> 00:24:07,340 Is there any oil? 348 00:24:07,870 --> 00:24:10,150 I don't know if there's any today... 349 00:24:10,340 --> 00:24:12,410 ...but I got oil three days ago. 350 00:24:13,350 --> 00:24:14,790 Would you like to say anything... 351 00:24:14,980 --> 00:24:17,590 ...to other comrades? We're making a documentary. 352 00:24:18,250 --> 00:24:21,560 I'll put up with everything that happens so that... 353 00:24:22,060 --> 00:24:25,760 ...at least my children can have a better future. 354 00:24:26,190 --> 00:24:28,230 I approve of this government. 355 00:24:28,860 --> 00:24:32,440 - Would you like to say more? - No, that's all, thank you. 356 00:24:34,100 --> 00:24:39,780 PARLIAMENTARY BOYCOTT 357 00:24:40,510 --> 00:24:42,850 For the opposition, the example of the COPPs... 358 00:24:43,040 --> 00:24:44,610 ...is getting dangerous. 359 00:24:45,380 --> 00:24:49,190 Congress begins an indictment against Orlando Millas... 360 00:24:49,350 --> 00:24:51,090 ...the minister who promoted the COPPs. 361 00:24:51,920 --> 00:24:55,460 The opposition is using its simple majority in Congress... 362 00:24:55,690 --> 00:24:57,530 ...to discredit the government. 363 00:24:58,630 --> 00:25:02,300 Here are all the documents which record the accusations. 364 00:25:02,730 --> 00:25:05,400 In this case, to comply with the regulation procedures... 365 00:25:05,670 --> 00:25:07,040 ...the opposition appoints one of its deputies... 366 00:25:07,230 --> 00:25:09,840 ...to interrogate a neighbor, a member of the COPPS. 367 00:25:10,640 --> 00:25:12,840 What do they actually do? 368 00:25:13,040 --> 00:25:16,490 How does this organization COPP work? 369 00:25:16,740 --> 00:25:20,050 As I think I already said... 370 00:25:20,310 --> 00:25:21,990 ...COPP is an organization... 371 00:25:22,180 --> 00:25:26,030 ...of people, residents, workers, housewives... 372 00:25:26,550 --> 00:25:31,400 ...who join together and, by a group decision... 373 00:25:31,630 --> 00:25:34,040 ...are given the authority... 374 00:25:34,290 --> 00:25:38,330 ...to control, or rather to oversee... 375 00:25:38,530 --> 00:25:41,100 ...if there are sufficient provisions or not... 376 00:25:41,370 --> 00:25:42,640 ...in their neighborhood. 377 00:25:42,870 --> 00:25:45,410 That's what I'm trying to get you to explain to me. 378 00:25:45,610 --> 00:25:46,950 - Yes. - You understand? 379 00:25:48,610 --> 00:25:52,080 I'm just trying to guide you. That doesn't mean... 380 00:25:52,380 --> 00:25:54,220 ...that I'm trying to get you to say something. 381 00:25:54,810 --> 00:25:57,260 I like to be very honest in my dealings. 382 00:25:57,920 --> 00:26:02,390 If I can just explain, I think that the function... 383 00:26:02,820 --> 00:26:05,100 ...of this organization COPP... 384 00:26:05,830 --> 00:26:09,170 ...is to fulfill the role of ensuring... 385 00:26:09,400 --> 00:26:12,970 ...that people receive sufficient provisions... 386 00:26:13,230 --> 00:26:16,740 ...for all the family groups living in the neighborhood. 387 00:26:17,740 --> 00:26:20,680 Although the opposition fails to prove anything... 388 00:26:20,870 --> 00:26:22,880 ...the accusation is maintained. 389 00:26:23,210 --> 00:26:26,590 The procedure will be repeated with other top officials. 390 00:26:26,880 --> 00:26:29,520 The ministers either give in or are expelled. 391 00:26:30,620 --> 00:26:32,060 Through the accusations... 392 00:26:32,350 --> 00:26:34,420 ...the opposition provokes a conflict of powers... 393 00:26:34,650 --> 00:26:37,000 ...between Parliament and the President of the Republic. 394 00:26:37,590 --> 00:26:40,270 In all the cases, a representative of the left... 395 00:26:40,490 --> 00:26:43,670 ...will demonstrate the legal fragility of the accusations. 396 00:26:45,200 --> 00:26:46,800 Consequently... 397 00:26:48,400 --> 00:26:50,810 ...the Minister of State is only responsible... 398 00:26:51,070 --> 00:26:53,850 ...for his actions to the President of the Republic. 399 00:26:54,210 --> 00:26:57,190 And he cannot be subordinated, as regards... 400 00:26:57,380 --> 00:26:59,880 ...the appropriateness of his actions... 401 00:27:00,110 --> 00:27:01,680 ...to the view of the majority in Congress. 402 00:27:02,820 --> 00:27:05,490 That political judgment is only granted... 403 00:27:05,650 --> 00:27:07,630 ...to the President of the Republic. 404 00:27:08,250 --> 00:27:10,600 In the specific case of Mr. Millas... 405 00:27:10,890 --> 00:27:14,600 ...Minister of the Economy, who is being indicted here... 406 00:27:14,830 --> 00:27:17,240 the process of indictment cannot be used to pass judgment... 407 00:27:17,400 --> 00:27:20,870 ...on the provisions policy promoted by the minister... 408 00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:23,410 ...on his price control policy... 409 00:27:23,600 --> 00:27:26,310 ...or on the way in which he is guiding... 410 00:27:26,540 --> 00:27:28,880 ...the work of production, provisioning... 411 00:27:29,140 --> 00:27:31,050 ...and general distribution of the Chilean economy. 412 00:27:31,650 --> 00:27:33,090 Therefore... 413 00:27:33,350 --> 00:27:35,330 ...not only is this indictment... 414 00:27:35,480 --> 00:27:38,050 ...invalid, ineffective and illegal... 415 00:27:38,250 --> 00:27:39,820 ...it is an indictment... 416 00:27:40,050 --> 00:27:42,620 ...which adulterates, disregards and violates... 417 00:27:42,790 --> 00:27:44,860 ...the area which the Constitution... 418 00:27:45,060 --> 00:27:46,700 ...grants to the President... 419 00:27:46,930 --> 00:27:49,170 ...as regards his essential prerogatives and authority. 420 00:27:52,070 --> 00:27:54,810 Days later, in the Chamber of Deputies... 421 00:27:54,970 --> 00:27:58,210 ...the vote is held on expelling Minister Millas. 422 00:28:22,660 --> 00:28:25,770 In a period of three months, the opposition remove... 423 00:28:25,930 --> 00:28:28,340 ...two of Allende's intendants and seven of his ministers. 424 00:28:28,540 --> 00:28:31,180 That is, one high ranking Popular Unity official... 425 00:28:31,300 --> 00:28:32,840 ...every ten days. 426 00:28:34,070 --> 00:28:37,490 And they refuse to let us use... 427 00:28:37,880 --> 00:28:40,860 ...the laws which they had in their hands... 428 00:28:41,050 --> 00:28:42,920 ...and used against the people. 429 00:28:43,880 --> 00:28:45,660 But then... 430 00:28:46,020 --> 00:28:49,660 ...when we do it to defend the legitimate government... 431 00:28:49,920 --> 00:28:52,230 ...and the progress of the workers... 432 00:28:52,530 --> 00:28:56,840 ...an attitude of resistance appears in those sectors... 433 00:28:57,330 --> 00:28:59,140 ...which have all the guarantees... 434 00:29:01,770 --> 00:29:05,580 ...of the reality being experienced by our country. 435 00:29:07,240 --> 00:29:09,380 And this is a government... 436 00:29:11,280 --> 00:29:13,120 ...which isn't socialist. 437 00:29:16,250 --> 00:29:19,130 It is a popular, democratic... 438 00:29:19,320 --> 00:29:21,660 ...national, revolutionary government... 439 00:29:22,320 --> 00:29:25,130 ...which must carry out a program... 440 00:29:25,260 --> 00:29:28,710 ...to open, as broadly and as quickly as possible... 441 00:29:28,900 --> 00:29:30,400 ...the path to socialism... 442 00:29:30,630 --> 00:29:32,580 ...and the transformation of our society. 443 00:29:32,700 --> 00:29:34,770 LEGALITY OR ILLEGALITY 444 00:29:35,140 --> 00:29:37,450 GOVERNMENT MUST RESPECT COURT DECISION 445 00:29:39,770 --> 00:29:44,020 Shortly after, the opposition begins an indictment... 446 00:29:44,180 --> 00:29:46,160 ...against all the ministers in the government. 447 00:29:47,610 --> 00:29:51,650 This means the dismissal of 15 ministers at one time. 448 00:29:54,850 --> 00:29:56,830 However, popular pressure... 449 00:29:57,060 --> 00:29:59,470 ...forces one sector of the opposition to pull back... 450 00:29:59,660 --> 00:30:01,370 ...and the maneuver fails. 451 00:30:17,910 --> 00:30:21,720 It's the right who've always been interfering... 452 00:30:21,980 --> 00:30:25,450 ...trying to get us to bring down the government. 453 00:30:25,590 --> 00:30:27,030 But that'll never happen. 454 00:30:27,250 --> 00:30:28,790 The workers elected this government... 455 00:30:29,020 --> 00:30:30,330 ...and it will continue... 456 00:30:30,560 --> 00:30:33,200 ...and we'll defend it with our lives if necessary. 457 00:30:33,390 --> 00:30:36,030 If they want us on the street, we'll be there... 458 00:30:36,230 --> 00:30:39,140 ...and if we have to fight, we'll fight, as workers... 459 00:30:39,330 --> 00:30:43,640 ...in defense of our workers' democracy. 460 00:30:49,610 --> 00:30:50,990 On April 17... 461 00:30:51,210 --> 00:30:53,280 ...the government decides to expropriate legally... 462 00:30:53,480 --> 00:30:56,260 ...another 49 industries which are boycotting production. 463 00:30:56,820 --> 00:31:00,700 In reply, Congress presents a constitutional reform... 464 00:31:00,890 --> 00:31:04,770 ...which invalidates almost all expropriations already made. 465 00:31:07,490 --> 00:31:09,870 The Christian Democracy and the National Party... 466 00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:13,670 ...say that the Head of State has no right of veto in this. 467 00:31:13,870 --> 00:31:16,310 He has to promulgate the reform... 468 00:31:16,540 --> 00:31:18,610 ...and hand back the factories without argument. 469 00:31:20,310 --> 00:31:22,910 This means that Congress, by simple majority... 470 00:31:23,110 --> 00:31:26,180 ...wants to deprive Salvador Allende of an authority... 471 00:31:26,380 --> 00:31:28,120 ...which other Chilean leaders had. 472 00:31:30,180 --> 00:31:34,500 Those men on the right are getting huge salaries... 473 00:31:34,720 --> 00:31:37,000 ...and all they're doing is wrecking the country. 474 00:31:37,220 --> 00:31:40,600 Wrecking the country and getting well paid to do it! 475 00:31:42,630 --> 00:31:45,770 And we got a big surprise... 476 00:31:46,000 --> 00:31:49,170 ...when we saw that our factory, our workplace... 477 00:31:49,340 --> 00:31:51,280 ...had been completely dismantled... 478 00:31:51,500 --> 00:31:55,110 ...because those gentlemen... 479 00:31:55,310 --> 00:31:57,810 ...had stolen all the machinery. 480 00:31:58,680 --> 00:32:01,850 We don't want to have anything to do with the bosses. 481 00:32:02,480 --> 00:32:05,760 They've been dragging their feet for a long time... 482 00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:07,960 ...to such an extent... 483 00:32:08,490 --> 00:32:10,370 ...that the companies ended up being expropriated. 484 00:32:10,620 --> 00:32:13,760 It's been proved that the industrialists here... 485 00:32:14,590 --> 00:32:17,370 ...had started an open boycott on production. 486 00:32:17,530 --> 00:32:19,570 And we're against that. 487 00:32:20,170 --> 00:32:22,910 I want this to be sorted out. 488 00:32:23,100 --> 00:32:24,840 The government should expropriate the industry... 489 00:32:25,040 --> 00:32:27,210 ...because we can't work with the bosses. 490 00:32:27,670 --> 00:32:29,180 What did they call this factory? 491 00:32:29,410 --> 00:32:31,180 They called it "the jail"... 492 00:32:31,380 --> 00:32:34,520 ...because of the feudal mentality... 493 00:32:34,710 --> 00:32:36,390 ...that our bosses had. 494 00:32:36,820 --> 00:32:39,160 And fellow workers in other industries... 495 00:32:39,420 --> 00:32:42,990 ...called it "the Santa Elena jail" because of the pressure. 496 00:32:47,530 --> 00:32:49,840 On May 23, Eduardo Frei... 497 00:32:50,030 --> 00:32:52,480 ...Christian Democrat and ex-President of Chile... 498 00:32:52,670 --> 00:32:54,610 ...is elected Head of the Senate. 499 00:32:55,170 --> 00:32:56,610 One of his main tasks... 500 00:32:56,840 --> 00:32:58,820 ...will be to aggravate the conflict of powers. 501 00:32:59,970 --> 00:33:02,150 If Allende rejects the reform... 502 00:33:02,310 --> 00:33:03,910 ...and doesn't return the industries... 503 00:33:04,140 --> 00:33:07,250 ...he'll be accused of overstepping the constitution. 504 00:33:07,410 --> 00:33:09,480 If he accepts, Parliament will then have... 505 00:33:09,750 --> 00:33:11,850 ...effective control of the State. 506 00:33:12,390 --> 00:33:15,090 Allende considers this position to be illegal... 507 00:33:15,290 --> 00:33:17,830 ...and appeals to the Constitutional Tribunal. 508 00:33:18,560 --> 00:33:20,630 We understand... 509 00:33:21,230 --> 00:33:24,830 ...that at this moment what is fundamental... 510 00:33:26,770 --> 00:33:29,580 ...is to reinforce government policy... 511 00:33:30,040 --> 00:33:32,920 ...and conquer the instruments... 512 00:33:33,470 --> 00:33:37,510 ...ensuring that there is institutional permeability... 513 00:33:37,710 --> 00:33:39,660 ...so that the opposition understands... 514 00:33:39,880 --> 00:33:42,550 ...that they can't deny what is vital to a government... 515 00:33:43,580 --> 00:33:46,120 ...to be able to defend Chile... 516 00:33:46,290 --> 00:33:48,390 ...in the face of an economic reality... 517 00:33:48,590 --> 00:33:51,930 ...which is the result, not of errors made by us... 518 00:33:52,130 --> 00:33:54,200 ...without denying the ones we've made... 519 00:33:54,390 --> 00:33:57,500 ...but of international and national factors... 520 00:33:58,130 --> 00:33:59,770 ...which weigh heavy... 521 00:34:00,000 --> 00:34:02,240 ...especially when a government, like ours... 522 00:34:02,470 --> 00:34:04,570 ...is confronted with imperialism... 523 00:34:04,800 --> 00:34:08,220 ...and with a landowning, banking and feudal oligarchy. 524 00:34:14,050 --> 00:34:17,550 Those deputies who reject the proposal, raise their hands. 525 00:34:33,230 --> 00:34:35,540 Parliament will now seek... 526 00:34:35,800 --> 00:34:38,110 ...a definitive blockade of the government. 527 00:34:38,300 --> 00:34:40,480 In the months of April, May and June... 528 00:34:40,670 --> 00:34:42,450 ...Congress declares a boycott... 529 00:34:42,680 --> 00:34:44,810 ...on any initiative by Popular Unity. 530 00:34:45,910 --> 00:34:47,950 Result of the voting. 531 00:34:49,680 --> 00:34:52,750 In favor, 52 votes. 532 00:34:53,090 --> 00:34:55,500 Against, 81. 533 00:34:55,760 --> 00:34:58,500 The Executive's proposal is rejected. 534 00:35:01,730 --> 00:35:05,270 The law to punish economic crimes is rejected. 535 00:35:06,030 --> 00:35:09,670 The law to create a Ministry for the Family is rejected. 536 00:35:10,640 --> 00:35:13,640 The law on readjustments and salaries for workers... 537 00:35:13,840 --> 00:35:16,950 ...is deferred, and then got out of the way. 538 00:35:17,840 --> 00:35:21,310 The law on workers' participation in factories... 539 00:35:21,480 --> 00:35:23,090 ...is rejected. 540 00:35:23,350 --> 00:35:26,960 The law to create a Maritime Ministry is rejected. 541 00:35:27,750 --> 00:35:31,720 The law to set up self- managing firms is rejected. 542 00:35:32,990 --> 00:35:34,530 In the course of several months... 543 00:35:34,760 --> 00:35:38,470 ...another 20 projected laws lose their financing. 544 00:35:40,130 --> 00:35:42,110 Nationalism! 545 00:35:42,340 --> 00:35:43,870 Present! 546 00:35:44,100 --> 00:35:45,640 Nationalism! 547 00:35:45,910 --> 00:35:47,350 Forward! 548 00:35:47,470 --> 00:35:50,920 - National Front! - Homeland and Freedom! 549 00:35:57,280 --> 00:35:59,560 This is a shock squadron... 550 00:35:59,790 --> 00:36:01,820 ...from the fascist group, "Homeland and Freedom". 551 00:36:08,760 --> 00:36:10,500 - Chile! - One! 552 00:36:10,660 --> 00:36:12,370 - Chile! - Great! 553 00:36:12,570 --> 00:36:14,510 - Chile! - Free! 554 00:36:14,730 --> 00:36:16,740 Forward Chile! 555 00:36:20,070 --> 00:36:24,180 - National Front! - Homeland and Freedom! 556 00:36:39,260 --> 00:36:41,860 Institutional conflict alone... 557 00:36:42,060 --> 00:36:45,010 ...is not enough to justify a coup détat. 558 00:36:45,460 --> 00:36:47,840 It is also necessary to provoke violence... 559 00:36:48,030 --> 00:36:49,310 ...and social chaos. 560 00:36:49,540 --> 00:36:52,410 That is the main aim of this organization. 561 00:36:53,370 --> 00:36:56,150 "Homeland and Freedom" constitutes a tiny part... 562 00:36:56,310 --> 00:36:58,410 ...of the right-wing mass movement... 563 00:36:58,580 --> 00:37:02,530 ...but its fascist ideology is found in some opposition parties... 564 00:37:02,750 --> 00:37:04,350 ...and the armed forces. 565 00:37:33,910 --> 00:37:37,290 Its leaders and ideologists include former employees... 566 00:37:37,480 --> 00:37:40,400 ...of the U.S. information services in Chile. 567 00:37:41,490 --> 00:37:45,160 Its patrons are the big employers' associations... 568 00:37:45,460 --> 00:37:48,030 ...the National Agriculture Society and Manufacturing Development. 569 00:37:50,100 --> 00:37:51,600 But their biggest helper... 570 00:37:51,830 --> 00:37:53,970 ...is the North American State Department. 571 00:37:56,100 --> 00:38:00,780 In 1974, some ex-officials of that Department... 572 00:38:00,970 --> 00:38:02,750 ...reveal that at that time... 573 00:38:02,910 --> 00:38:06,250 ...the CIA had 40 first-class agents in Chile... 574 00:38:06,480 --> 00:38:09,480 ...many of them instructors for "Homeland and Freedom". 575 00:38:22,500 --> 00:38:27,740 STUDENT DISTURBANCES 576 00:38:42,550 --> 00:38:45,590 In April, the opposition find a pretext... 577 00:38:45,790 --> 00:38:47,700 ...for continuing the social agitation. 578 00:38:48,390 --> 00:38:51,830 The Government has presented a bill on Education Reform... 579 00:38:52,020 --> 00:38:54,130 ...to democratize the old educational structure. 580 00:38:54,330 --> 00:38:55,860 Feeling itself threatened... 581 00:38:56,100 --> 00:38:58,230 ...the opposition mobilizes its troublemakers. 582 00:39:39,170 --> 00:39:42,740 For the first time in Chile, a large number of students... 583 00:39:42,940 --> 00:39:45,950 ...let themselves be used by the more privileged classes. 584 00:39:48,480 --> 00:39:51,330 The opposition parties, professionals... 585 00:39:51,520 --> 00:39:53,330 ...and retailers' associations... 586 00:39:53,490 --> 00:39:55,800 ...support the street disturbances. 587 00:40:07,930 --> 00:40:10,310 We won't be on the defensive anymore. 588 00:40:10,540 --> 00:40:12,310 We won't be the puppets... 589 00:40:12,540 --> 00:40:14,280 ...of reaction anymore. 590 00:40:14,510 --> 00:40:16,540 Because from here on, comrades... 591 00:40:16,780 --> 00:40:19,190 ...we have to make the questions into reality. 592 00:40:19,410 --> 00:40:22,480 And we have to tackle conflictive problems. 593 00:40:22,780 --> 00:40:25,820 And we have to attack whoever gets in our way. 594 00:40:26,550 --> 00:40:28,620 And we're not going on the streets... 595 00:40:28,820 --> 00:40:30,860 ...to fight with right-wing Kids. 596 00:40:31,720 --> 00:40:33,570 The police and the soldiers can see to them... 597 00:40:33,790 --> 00:40:36,240 ...and put them out of action. 598 00:40:36,700 --> 00:40:39,230 We have to see how to confront the State. 599 00:40:40,500 --> 00:40:43,610 It's a bourgeois State which we have to overthrow. 600 00:40:44,040 --> 00:40:47,280 Yesterday we saw various groups... 601 00:40:47,470 --> 00:40:49,110 ...making demands for different things... 602 00:40:49,340 --> 00:40:50,980 ...and using... 603 00:40:51,180 --> 00:40:54,180 ...class comrades, the Chilean reaction... 604 00:40:54,380 --> 00:40:57,590 ...in what were really subversive situations. 605 00:40:57,780 --> 00:40:59,990 In other words, what comrades think... 606 00:41:00,220 --> 00:41:02,390 ...about the distribution situation... 607 00:41:02,620 --> 00:41:04,530 ...about the law on agrarian reform... 608 00:41:05,190 --> 00:41:08,300 ...about the nationalization of monopolies. 609 00:41:08,890 --> 00:41:11,200 Those are fundamental questions... 610 00:41:11,400 --> 00:41:13,430 ...which we, as workers, should consider... 611 00:41:13,670 --> 00:41:16,910 ...and which we wish to resolve with a plebiscite... 612 00:41:17,070 --> 00:41:19,740 ...and not be dragged along by the reactionaries... 613 00:41:19,940 --> 00:41:22,010 ...with effective mobilization of the workers. 614 00:41:22,210 --> 00:41:25,950 We can't accept this escalation day after day. 615 00:41:26,110 --> 00:41:28,590 We've been observing this situation... 616 00:41:28,910 --> 00:41:31,090 ...and we said in October... 617 00:41:31,380 --> 00:41:33,260 ...that they were going to prepare another one. 618 00:41:33,490 --> 00:41:36,330 They're repeating themselves, they don't even have... 619 00:41:36,620 --> 00:41:40,400 ...the initiative to change what they did in October. 620 00:41:40,590 --> 00:41:43,100 And we, the workers, must go out now... 621 00:41:43,300 --> 00:41:45,640 ...and stop these people for once and for all... 622 00:41:45,870 --> 00:41:49,210 ...and demand a plebiscite on fundamental issues. 623 00:41:49,400 --> 00:41:53,750 How are we going to resolve the transport problem? 624 00:41:53,940 --> 00:41:56,650 Every time they have to attack the government... 625 00:41:56,840 --> 00:41:59,480 ...they bring transport to a standstill, don't they? 626 00:41:59,650 --> 00:42:01,850 Because they control the drivers. 627 00:42:02,080 --> 00:42:04,360 Most of the drivers have no class awareness. 628 00:42:04,620 --> 00:42:06,430 They aren't in any union. 629 00:42:06,650 --> 00:42:09,330 All they worry about is their percentage... 630 00:42:09,520 --> 00:42:10,760 ...how much they'll earn. 631 00:42:10,960 --> 00:42:12,590 They don't go to union meetings. 632 00:42:12,890 --> 00:42:16,860 So there aren't many unions doing well in transport. 633 00:42:17,060 --> 00:42:19,300 Even the ones doing well are doing badly. 634 00:42:20,530 --> 00:42:22,210 Given the threat... 635 00:42:22,470 --> 00:42:24,810 ...of a national commercial stoppage next week... 636 00:42:25,040 --> 00:42:27,350 ...there should be immediate nationalization... 637 00:42:27,540 --> 00:42:29,380 ...of distribution monopolies. 638 00:42:30,780 --> 00:42:34,190 Given the threat of a boycott on production and economy... 639 00:42:34,610 --> 00:42:38,860 ...the government must issue an expropriation order... 640 00:42:39,080 --> 00:42:42,360 ...against those companies which form part of the group of 90... 641 00:42:42,560 --> 00:42:44,760 ...still not in the hands of the workers. 642 00:42:45,020 --> 00:42:47,830 The working class should be integrated immediately... 643 00:42:48,090 --> 00:42:49,900 ...into the planning of the economy. 644 00:42:50,500 --> 00:42:53,440 There is no doubt that at this moment... 645 00:42:54,100 --> 00:42:56,270 ...the resolutions must... 646 00:42:56,670 --> 00:43:00,010 ...deal with the problems in the transport section. 647 00:43:02,070 --> 00:43:06,820 We, the workers in the Public Works Department... 648 00:43:07,680 --> 00:43:11,750 ...have, at this moment, got everyone ready to march... 649 00:43:11,950 --> 00:43:13,830 ...and parade past Congress. 650 00:43:14,020 --> 00:43:15,520 Any objections to that? 651 00:43:15,750 --> 00:43:18,860 - To Parliament! - To Parliament! 652 00:43:19,360 --> 00:43:22,670 We ask our comrades in the Public Works Department... 653 00:43:22,860 --> 00:43:26,310 ...if they can obtain means of transport, trucks, vans... 654 00:43:26,470 --> 00:43:29,310 ...in order to transport groups of workers... 655 00:43:29,500 --> 00:43:31,310 ...who will be leaving the factories. 656 00:43:31,370 --> 00:43:33,370 There are trucks and buses, comrade. 657 00:44:08,440 --> 00:44:12,860 The left, united, will never be defeated! 658 00:44:18,780 --> 00:44:21,860 On April 27, the Trades Union Council... 659 00:44:22,020 --> 00:44:24,730 ...calls a mass meeting in support of the government. 660 00:44:25,720 --> 00:44:28,000 They try, by means of the workers' presence... 661 00:44:28,160 --> 00:44:30,140 ...to prevent the streets of Santiago... 662 00:44:30,360 --> 00:44:32,540 ...from being taken by opposition agitators. 663 00:44:37,140 --> 00:44:42,750 Power to the workers! 664 00:44:58,790 --> 00:45:05,230 We want popular power! 665 00:45:08,200 --> 00:45:15,910 The left, united, will never be defeated! 666 00:45:20,080 --> 00:45:26,830 People! Consciousness! Arms! 667 00:45:27,020 --> 00:45:32,060 We want popular power! 668 00:45:46,940 --> 00:45:49,720 Demonstrators passing the offices... 669 00:45:49,940 --> 00:45:51,790 ...of the Christian Democrat Party... 670 00:45:51,980 --> 00:45:53,390 ...are suddenly attacked. 671 00:45:53,610 --> 00:45:56,620 Shots fired from the windows Kill one worker... 672 00:45:56,820 --> 00:45:58,850 ...and seriously injure another six. 673 00:46:21,410 --> 00:46:25,180 The people who provoked us are responsible for this. 674 00:46:25,380 --> 00:46:29,760 - And the dead and wounded? - Who are they? Where are they? 675 00:46:30,020 --> 00:46:33,090 One person was shot dead and six wounded. We saw it all. 676 00:46:33,290 --> 00:46:37,060 Are we supposed to let people come and walk over us? 677 00:46:38,190 --> 00:46:40,070 Who protected us? 678 00:46:40,430 --> 00:46:42,910 You're justifying that death. 679 00:46:43,160 --> 00:46:45,700 And you're speaking in the Christian Democrat offices! 680 00:46:45,930 --> 00:46:50,350 You can't push me around in the Christian Democrat offices! 681 00:46:50,740 --> 00:46:54,010 Senator, why did you hit a journalist? 682 00:46:57,710 --> 00:46:59,990 Fascists! 683 00:47:02,980 --> 00:47:05,290 Where did they fire from? At what time? 684 00:47:05,620 --> 00:47:07,960 That isn't clear. It's being investigated. 685 00:47:08,490 --> 00:47:09,760 Anyway... 686 00:47:09,990 --> 00:47:12,870 ...it's the magistrate who's in charge here. 687 00:47:14,290 --> 00:47:15,930 In this case... 688 00:47:16,300 --> 00:47:18,640 ...the police and everything to do with public order... 689 00:47:18,830 --> 00:47:21,570 ...is subject to the magistrate and the court. 690 00:47:22,170 --> 00:47:25,380 That's what the code on penal procedure says. 691 00:47:25,670 --> 00:47:27,550 The influence of the violent groups... 692 00:47:27,740 --> 00:47:30,410 ...is obvious in the Christian Democrat Party. 693 00:47:30,710 --> 00:47:34,160 Senator Juan Hamilton, from the party's conservative wing... 694 00:47:34,350 --> 00:47:36,190 ...refuses to make a statement. 695 00:48:07,950 --> 00:48:11,260 - A moment's silence, comrades! - Everyone keep calm! 696 00:48:36,410 --> 00:48:39,620 Everyone move back a bit, please, move back! 697 00:48:41,210 --> 00:48:43,220 We're all right here! 698 00:48:45,280 --> 00:48:48,930 - Comrade José Ricardo Ahumada! - Present! 699 00:48:49,120 --> 00:48:52,630 - Comrade José Ricardo Ahumada! - Present! 700 00:48:56,160 --> 00:48:58,660 - With your example... - We shall overcome! 701 00:49:11,440 --> 00:49:14,480 Please, comrades, don't push! Don't push! 702 00:49:40,540 --> 00:49:47,960 Popular Unity against the criminal "mummies"! 703 00:49:52,380 --> 00:49:55,830 Comrade José Ricardo Ahumada! 704 00:49:56,020 --> 00:49:57,860 Present! 705 00:50:04,860 --> 00:50:07,570 - Who killed him? - The "mummies". 706 00:50:49,010 --> 00:50:51,820 300,000 people turn up on April 30... 707 00:50:52,010 --> 00:50:54,050 ...to say farewell to the dead worker. 708 00:50:56,110 --> 00:50:58,820 Reckoning that conditions still aren't right... 709 00:50:58,980 --> 00:51:02,520 ...the opposition ends this period of street disorder. 710 00:51:11,300 --> 00:51:13,370 The attempts to punish those responsible... 711 00:51:13,600 --> 00:51:16,010 ...for Ahumada's death are unsuccessful. 712 00:51:16,800 --> 00:51:19,280 Justice acts with obvious slowness. 713 00:51:20,010 --> 00:51:21,210 The Supreme Court... 714 00:51:21,470 --> 00:51:24,250 ...ensures that the sentence is never enforced. 715 00:51:32,650 --> 00:51:39,730 OFFENSIVE BY THE EMPLOYERS' ORGANIZATIONS 716 00:52:04,580 --> 00:52:08,460 Once again, our organization is gathered together... 717 00:52:08,690 --> 00:52:10,560 ...summoned by the national leaders... 718 00:52:10,760 --> 00:52:13,430 ...to study price increases... 719 00:52:13,730 --> 00:52:15,600 ...and establish our new tariffs. 720 00:52:15,790 --> 00:52:18,570 Our first speaker... 721 00:52:18,760 --> 00:52:21,140 ...is the president of Chile's National Confederation... 722 00:52:21,330 --> 00:52:24,800 ...of Taxis and Buses, Ernesto Cisterna Solís. 723 00:52:27,910 --> 00:52:34,190 - An eye for an eye! - A tooth for a tooth! 724 00:52:36,620 --> 00:52:40,360 I think that this assembly should say to the minister... 725 00:52:40,550 --> 00:52:43,590 ...that we are tired of seeing such ineffectiveness... 726 00:52:43,790 --> 00:52:46,060 ...and such inability in solving our problems. 727 00:52:52,560 --> 00:52:54,740 During the three years of Popular Unity... 728 00:52:54,930 --> 00:52:57,910 ...the American Institute for Free Trade Unionism... 729 00:52:58,140 --> 00:53:00,170 ...financed indirectly by the CIA... 730 00:53:00,470 --> 00:53:03,080 ...directs its work towards the Chilean organizations. 731 00:53:04,880 --> 00:53:07,450 In April, 108 managers... 732 00:53:07,650 --> 00:53:09,390 ...mainly from the transport sector... 733 00:53:09,580 --> 00:53:12,030 ...receive training in the United States. 734 00:53:13,550 --> 00:53:17,330 We mustn't confuse awareness with patience. 735 00:53:17,620 --> 00:53:19,400 We don't want politics... 736 00:53:19,620 --> 00:53:21,760 ...with the tariffs or with the organization... 737 00:53:21,990 --> 00:53:23,940 ...but we need to survive. 738 00:53:24,130 --> 00:53:26,770 We have to defend our interests... 739 00:53:26,970 --> 00:53:29,570 ...and to do that we must fight as one man... 740 00:53:29,770 --> 00:53:32,250 ...with our National Board of Owners... 741 00:53:32,470 --> 00:53:35,110 ...and go out on the street... 742 00:53:35,640 --> 00:53:37,880 ...in such away that they see us... 743 00:53:38,040 --> 00:53:40,750 ...and feel the strength of our organization... 744 00:53:40,980 --> 00:53:43,480 ...with bravery, with fervor... 745 00:53:43,720 --> 00:53:45,490 ...but above all else... 746 00:53:45,720 --> 00:53:48,100 ...as Chileans, and with dignity. 747 00:53:51,260 --> 00:53:54,640 We can't keep on patching and mending... 748 00:53:54,830 --> 00:53:56,070 ...and wearing ourselves out. 749 00:53:56,260 --> 00:53:57,970 The vehicles have got old... 750 00:53:58,200 --> 00:54:00,470 ...and the bent backs of many of the owners... 751 00:54:00,530 --> 00:54:02,570 ...have grown old too! 752 00:54:02,730 --> 00:54:04,910 Generations of them! 753 00:54:06,710 --> 00:54:09,150 It's a matter of putting food on the table... 754 00:54:09,370 --> 00:54:12,510 ...of surviving, of holding out... 755 00:54:12,710 --> 00:54:14,710 ...of being able to save this sector... 756 00:54:14,950 --> 00:54:16,820 ...because with that we are saving... 757 00:54:17,020 --> 00:54:19,000 ...the jobs of millions of people... 758 00:54:19,180 --> 00:54:20,960 ...who have faith and confidence... 759 00:54:21,190 --> 00:54:22,860 ...in this working man... 760 00:54:23,090 --> 00:54:25,000 ...in this ill-treated transporter. 761 00:54:25,190 --> 00:54:27,030 He's the person who's building Chile! 762 00:54:27,090 --> 00:54:30,940 He's the revolutionary! 763 00:54:35,830 --> 00:54:39,280 Who can deny that the moment has come... 764 00:54:39,500 --> 00:54:41,180 ...for the entire Chilean transport sector... 765 00:54:41,410 --> 00:54:42,780 ...without distinction... 766 00:54:43,010 --> 00:54:45,150 ...fighting on a single platform... 767 00:54:45,380 --> 00:54:47,320 ...to propose this national stoppage! 768 00:54:56,250 --> 00:54:59,530 In May, one third of collective transport... 769 00:54:59,720 --> 00:55:02,100 ...is immobilized by a lack of spare parts... 770 00:55:02,290 --> 00:55:03,770 ...from North America. 771 00:55:04,260 --> 00:55:07,540 In 1973, importations from the United States... 772 00:55:07,730 --> 00:55:09,800 ...drop to 15% of the total. 773 00:55:11,200 --> 00:55:13,240 To protest against this state of affairs... 774 00:55:13,410 --> 00:55:14,940 ...but also to aggravate it... 775 00:55:15,170 --> 00:55:18,680 ...the owners of private buses call an indefinite strike. 776 00:55:21,250 --> 00:55:24,320 During the conflict, the state company, with only 600 vehicles... 777 00:55:24,580 --> 00:55:28,530 ...has to do the work normally done by Santiago's 5,000 private buses. 778 00:55:30,760 --> 00:55:33,100 To help ease the effects of the strike... 779 00:55:33,290 --> 00:55:37,360 ...workers bring factory trucks onto the streets. 780 00:55:40,370 --> 00:55:41,970 What do you think of the strike? 781 00:55:42,600 --> 00:55:46,310 We all have to fight so that... 782 00:55:47,140 --> 00:55:51,710 ...the government can have confidence thanks to the workers. 783 00:55:51,910 --> 00:55:53,360 We must fight the strike. 784 00:55:53,510 --> 00:55:56,650 - How do we do that? - By staying united. 785 00:55:56,980 --> 00:56:00,660 - How far did you walk? - About 70 blocks, with my two Kids. 786 00:56:00,850 --> 00:56:03,770 - What do you say? - I think that this is the moment... 787 00:56:04,690 --> 00:56:07,360 ...when the people have to demonstrate... 788 00:56:07,590 --> 00:56:12,410 ...the capacity for struggle which they have developed... 789 00:56:12,600 --> 00:56:14,840 ...in the course of this whole process. 790 00:56:15,330 --> 00:56:17,340 And it doesn't matter... 791 00:56:17,640 --> 00:56:19,270 ...what kind of sacrifice we have to make... 792 00:56:19,470 --> 00:56:22,080 ...as long as we can keep working and producing. 793 00:56:24,510 --> 00:56:26,350 Anyone else want to speak? 794 00:56:26,480 --> 00:56:28,820 The "mummies" are waging this campaign against us. 795 00:56:28,980 --> 00:56:31,390 We're living on very poor wages... 796 00:56:31,580 --> 00:56:34,360 ...but the workers must have faith in this... 797 00:56:34,620 --> 00:56:36,030 ...and be aware. 798 00:56:36,220 --> 00:56:37,390 What do you say? 799 00:56:37,620 --> 00:56:40,400 I'm a student... 800 00:56:40,530 --> 00:56:42,700 ...and I think they're trying to paralyze the country... 801 00:56:42,790 --> 00:56:44,270 ...by any means they can. 802 00:56:48,730 --> 00:56:51,810 In case of a possible total transport stoppage... 803 00:56:51,970 --> 00:56:54,280 ...the left-wing carriers join together... 804 00:56:54,510 --> 00:56:57,580 ...and create the Patriotic Recovery Movement. 805 00:57:01,210 --> 00:57:03,120 Because of their support of President Allende... 806 00:57:03,310 --> 00:57:07,190 ...they are attacked for being blacklegs. 807 00:57:26,400 --> 00:57:30,510 I will respond to the loyalty of the people... 808 00:57:30,710 --> 00:57:34,050 ...with the loyalty of a militant socialist... 809 00:57:34,280 --> 00:57:36,120 ...and as president of Chile... 810 00:57:36,350 --> 00:57:38,290 ...I will resolutely carry through... 811 00:57:38,520 --> 00:57:40,590 ...the program of Popular Unity. 812 00:57:49,060 --> 00:57:54,130 We need better and greater control... 813 00:57:54,400 --> 00:57:56,780 ...in the distribution of produce. 814 00:57:58,300 --> 00:58:00,210 Listen carefully. 815 00:58:01,310 --> 00:58:04,120 This is for those who believe... 816 00:58:06,240 --> 00:58:08,990 ...that I hesitate at times. 817 00:58:09,480 --> 00:58:12,090 We must strengthen... 818 00:58:12,620 --> 00:58:15,100 ...popular power... 819 00:58:15,450 --> 00:58:18,990 ...centers for mothers, neighborhood groups... 820 00:58:19,220 --> 00:58:22,070 ...the Councils for Provisions and Prices... 821 00:58:22,290 --> 00:58:24,600 ...the community commandos. 822 00:58:24,830 --> 00:58:26,570 They must be strengthened! 823 00:58:26,760 --> 00:58:29,640 The industrial belts must be strengthened... 824 00:58:29,870 --> 00:58:32,710 ...not as parallel forces to the government... 825 00:58:32,900 --> 00:58:34,880 ...but as popular forces... 826 00:58:35,110 --> 00:58:37,280 ...united with the forces of your government... 827 00:58:37,410 --> 00:58:39,220 ...the popular government. 828 00:58:57,100 --> 00:59:00,040 On May 28, retired officers of the high command... 829 00:59:00,230 --> 00:59:02,730 ...send a public letter to President Allende... 830 00:59:02,930 --> 00:59:04,710 ...stating that the armed forces... 831 00:59:04,900 --> 00:59:06,640 ...will consider themselves autonomous... 832 00:59:06,840 --> 00:59:09,440 ...should the government violate the constitution. 833 00:59:16,580 --> 00:59:19,080 Shortly before, the high command had spoken out... 834 00:59:19,280 --> 00:59:21,860 ...against the proposed educational reforms. 835 00:59:23,960 --> 00:59:27,530 On that occasion, Rear Admiral Ismael Huerta declared... 836 00:59:28,290 --> 00:59:30,930 ..."We cannot accept that future soldiers... 837 00:59:31,130 --> 00:59:33,740 ...arrive at the barracks converted into Marxists." 838 00:59:37,270 --> 00:59:40,550 Since 1950, more than 4,000 officers... 839 00:59:40,710 --> 00:59:43,120 ...have been on training courses in the U.S... 840 00:59:43,310 --> 00:59:45,220 ...and in the Panama Canal area. 841 00:59:48,310 --> 00:59:51,060 Over the two and a half years of Allende's government... 842 00:59:51,280 --> 00:59:53,060 ...the Pentagon has given them... 843 00:59:53,120 --> 00:59:54,990 ...45 million dollars in military aid. 844 00:59:55,190 --> 00:59:56,930 That is, more than a third... 845 00:59:57,160 --> 01:00:00,070 ...of all the aid received in the last 20 years. 846 01:00:09,530 --> 01:00:17,040 COPPER STRIKE 847 01:00:44,040 --> 01:00:45,210 For the first time... 848 01:00:45,400 --> 01:00:48,380 ...the opposition wins over a sector of the proletariat. 849 01:00:48,840 --> 01:00:50,290 In the "El Teniente" mine... 850 01:00:50,340 --> 01:00:54,290 ...a group of workers go on strike for economic reasons. 851 01:00:55,380 --> 01:00:57,220 Traditionally well paid... 852 01:00:57,450 --> 01:01:00,550 ...the copper miners are the aristocracy of Chile's workers. 853 01:01:01,820 --> 01:01:03,300 For the opposition... 854 01:01:03,490 --> 01:01:06,090 ...the aim of the conflict is to paralyze the mine. 855 01:01:06,460 --> 01:01:09,730 20% of Chile's earnings are produced here. 856 01:01:11,460 --> 01:01:15,600 Fellow workers, as well as Channel 13 television... 857 01:01:15,900 --> 01:01:18,710 ...we have French Television with us. 858 01:01:25,910 --> 01:01:28,980 Comrades, hold up your employment cards. 859 01:01:29,780 --> 01:01:32,690 Let's show them that we're all workers here. 860 01:01:36,720 --> 01:01:40,260 "El Teniente", united, will never be defeated! 861 01:01:40,730 --> 01:01:42,860 First, let's solve the problems... 862 01:01:43,090 --> 01:01:44,570 ...of the " El Teniente" workers... 863 01:01:44,760 --> 01:01:47,240 ...and then, if there's money left... 864 01:01:47,400 --> 01:01:51,070 ...we can solve the other problems in the the country. 865 01:01:51,200 --> 01:01:53,770 But the people we represent come first... 866 01:01:54,010 --> 01:01:55,420 ...then the rest of the country. 867 01:01:55,610 --> 01:01:57,480 That's all, thank you. 868 01:02:03,310 --> 01:02:08,420 We want a solution! 869 01:02:10,820 --> 01:02:15,240 We requested permission from the union leaders... 870 01:02:15,630 --> 01:02:17,370 ...to use this stage. 871 01:02:17,830 --> 01:02:20,110 As workers for Popular Unity... 872 01:02:21,300 --> 01:02:23,180 ...we disagree... 873 01:02:23,940 --> 01:02:26,180 ...with the methods you're using. 874 01:02:28,540 --> 01:02:32,010 We have said at all times... 875 01:02:33,240 --> 01:02:36,590 ...that above all other things... 876 01:02:37,380 --> 01:02:40,020 ...the most important is workers' unity. 877 01:02:41,350 --> 01:02:43,390 We defend it here... 878 01:02:43,590 --> 01:02:46,360 ...and within the party alliance of Popular Unity. 879 01:02:56,200 --> 01:02:58,650 You will be wondering why we're here. 880 01:03:01,240 --> 01:03:03,580 We support a return to work. .. 881 01:03:04,110 --> 01:03:06,180 ...but not in factions. 882 01:03:11,350 --> 01:03:13,120 Comrades... 883 01:03:13,890 --> 01:03:16,330 We support a return to work... 884 01:03:22,530 --> 01:03:23,970 Comrades... 885 01:03:25,030 --> 01:03:26,800 Comrades... 886 01:03:46,550 --> 01:03:48,430 We can't accept... 887 01:03:49,390 --> 01:03:52,390 ...that you continue to use the policy of division. 888 01:03:59,930 --> 01:04:03,780 No politics here! 889 01:04:03,970 --> 01:04:09,820 No politics here! 890 01:04:13,280 --> 01:04:14,920 Strike! 891 01:04:15,150 --> 01:04:17,560 Strike! 892 01:04:31,900 --> 01:04:34,000 That same day, and at the same time... 893 01:04:34,230 --> 01:04:36,270 ...more than half of the 8,000 miners... 894 01:04:36,470 --> 01:04:38,240 ...continue working. 895 01:04:39,040 --> 01:04:41,480 Most of them work overtime... 896 01:04:41,640 --> 01:04:44,810 ...to ensure that the basic work in the mine is done. 897 01:04:58,620 --> 01:05:03,570 Caletones has a staff of almost 2,000 workers... 898 01:05:03,690 --> 01:05:05,230 ...between office staff and laborers. 899 01:05:05,430 --> 01:05:10,070 And today, we've got 750 workers working. 900 01:05:11,200 --> 01:05:14,210 So the industrial part is almost normal. 901 01:05:15,310 --> 01:05:19,380 And that means that tomorrow, or Monday... 902 01:05:19,610 --> 01:05:21,720 ...there will be total normality. 903 01:05:22,480 --> 01:05:25,050 What should be pointed out here... 904 01:05:25,250 --> 01:05:28,630 ...is that there is a sector which is fighting against a wall. 905 01:05:28,850 --> 01:05:32,630 Their thesis is completely out of all jurisdiction. 906 01:05:32,960 --> 01:05:35,030 Even history shows that the workers here... 907 01:05:35,760 --> 01:05:38,260 ...fought tirelessly against the Yankee... 908 01:05:38,530 --> 01:05:42,500 ...until we took the industry from him, nationalized it... 909 01:05:42,700 --> 01:05:44,010 ...and now it's Chile's. 910 01:05:44,340 --> 01:05:47,280 It belongs to the Chileans, not to any individual. 911 01:05:47,510 --> 01:05:49,820 But it's our responsibility to run it. 912 01:05:50,370 --> 01:05:54,290 The workers are assuming an almost total awareness. 913 01:05:54,910 --> 01:05:58,880 It is only those in opposition who insist on believing... 914 01:05:59,950 --> 01:06:01,790 ...that there are left-wing bosses here. 915 01:06:01,990 --> 01:06:04,630 No, there aren't. 916 01:06:04,960 --> 01:06:06,990 The Christian Democracy... 917 01:06:07,260 --> 01:06:08,970 ...has got trade union representation here... 918 01:06:09,190 --> 01:06:11,670 ...and a representative on the Board of Directors. 919 01:06:12,230 --> 01:06:15,840 So we're asking the left-wing media, especially Channel 7... 920 01:06:16,070 --> 01:06:17,770 ...who have given very little importance... 921 01:06:17,970 --> 01:06:20,780 ...to those still working... 922 01:06:20,970 --> 01:06:23,010 ...to come and see for themselves... 923 01:06:23,210 --> 01:06:25,120 ...so that they'll stop lying. 924 01:06:25,380 --> 01:06:28,820 You've started very well, for a simple reason. 925 01:06:29,050 --> 01:06:32,820 You've all come here to film, and that's important. 926 01:06:33,120 --> 01:06:36,790 But the press, Channel 13, "El Mercurio"... 927 01:06:36,950 --> 01:06:39,660 ...all those papers, are just looking at Rancagua city. 928 01:06:39,860 --> 01:06:43,200 They think that's "El Teniente", and that's bad. 929 01:06:43,890 --> 01:06:47,900 Those of us who are working at present... 930 01:06:48,100 --> 01:06:49,980 ...need this situation to be sorted out... 931 01:06:50,170 --> 01:06:52,010 ...not for the personal benefit of the workers... 932 01:06:52,240 --> 01:06:54,680 ...but for the benefit of all Chileans. 933 01:06:55,070 --> 01:06:57,710 You can take any worker here and ask him. 934 01:06:57,940 --> 01:06:59,320 Ask any of them. 935 01:06:59,580 --> 01:07:03,390 Do you think you're dividing the "El Teniente" workers? 936 01:07:03,610 --> 01:07:05,960 No, none of us want to divide them. 937 01:07:06,320 --> 01:07:08,230 It's the enemy who's dividing us. 938 01:07:09,020 --> 01:07:11,000 - The enemy? - The right. 939 01:07:11,260 --> 01:07:13,570 They want us to fight among ourselves. 940 01:07:13,820 --> 01:07:15,600 The other day, the strike leader said... 941 01:07:15,890 --> 01:07:19,400 ...that if blood had to flow, blood would flow. 942 01:07:19,630 --> 01:07:21,770 They want confrontation. 943 01:07:22,030 --> 01:07:26,410 We have never, at any moment, wanted to divide the workers. 944 01:07:27,200 --> 01:07:30,450 The fact of the matter is, I'm 43 now... 945 01:07:30,840 --> 01:07:34,850 ...and I've spent a long time, 27 years, in the mines. 946 01:07:35,050 --> 01:07:38,050 I've seen all the governments we had before... 947 01:07:38,280 --> 01:07:40,660 ...and they all acted very harshly... 948 01:07:40,890 --> 01:07:42,420 ...with the working classes. 949 01:07:42,650 --> 01:07:45,900 As that comrade said, I think this government has been soft. 950 01:07:46,090 --> 01:07:48,500 It's soft because it's a workers' government. 951 01:07:48,760 --> 01:07:51,330 But if we'd had a government of another tendency... 952 01:07:51,560 --> 01:07:55,340 ...at this moment a few of us would be dead... 953 01:07:55,830 --> 01:07:59,650 ...and there wouldn't be many left-wing comrades here. 954 01:07:59,700 --> 01:08:01,210 They'd all be right-wing. 955 01:08:02,810 --> 01:08:05,950 We received threats, they blocked the roads... 956 01:08:06,210 --> 01:08:07,710 ...we couldn't get down the other day... 957 01:08:07,950 --> 01:08:09,950 ...but we turned up for work. 958 01:08:11,680 --> 01:08:14,530 We came down on foot, went cross-country... 959 01:08:14,890 --> 01:08:16,990 ...but at least we managed to keep working. 960 01:08:17,860 --> 01:08:20,630 There were even comrades who worked three shifts... 961 01:08:20,830 --> 01:08:23,770 ...because you have to keep the mine going. 962 01:08:24,560 --> 01:08:28,700 We had agreed to keep on working... 963 01:08:28,970 --> 01:08:31,500 ...because there are certain machines... 964 01:08:31,740 --> 01:08:33,580 ...which can't be allowed to stop. 965 01:08:33,770 --> 01:08:35,480 This job's got a lot of responsibility. 966 01:08:35,670 --> 01:08:37,380 We've got a lot of comrades... 967 01:08:37,840 --> 01:08:39,950 ...who still don't know why they're stopped. 968 01:08:40,340 --> 01:08:41,950 They don't know. That's a fact. 969 01:08:42,180 --> 01:08:43,720 They're fighting with the police... 970 01:08:43,950 --> 01:08:47,260 ...because some guy sets himself up as leader... 971 01:08:47,490 --> 01:08:49,490 ...and he puts on a show for them... 972 01:08:49,690 --> 01:08:52,100 ...and they follow him like he was Christ. 973 01:08:52,420 --> 01:08:56,460 I think we have to make our fellow workers more aware... 974 01:08:56,790 --> 01:09:00,040 ...and that's what our leaders have to start doing now. 975 01:09:00,460 --> 01:09:02,570 That's the reason behind everything. 976 01:09:02,830 --> 01:09:04,680 How can you prepare people? 977 01:09:05,040 --> 01:09:08,540 Well, just by doing what we're doing now... 978 01:09:08,610 --> 01:09:10,020 ...acting as we are in this stoppage. 979 01:09:10,070 --> 01:09:13,450 I think I'm behaving well. I'm responsible for what I do. 980 01:09:13,580 --> 01:09:17,320 I'm independent, I don't have any political party. 981 01:09:17,520 --> 01:09:20,830 My interest is in working for the progress of Chile... 982 01:09:20,950 --> 01:09:22,400 ...not for my pocket. 983 01:09:22,450 --> 01:09:24,520 I'm aware that if I have a good wage... 984 01:09:24,720 --> 01:09:28,070 ...then it's only fair that other workers... 985 01:09:28,290 --> 01:09:29,900 ...should have a good wage too. 986 01:09:40,540 --> 01:09:43,310 Today, over 400 workers have turned up. 987 01:09:43,510 --> 01:09:46,680 On the 3:00-11:00 shift, we had over 300. 988 01:09:46,840 --> 01:09:48,190 It's getting back to normal. 989 01:09:52,020 --> 01:09:53,860 The number of workers turning up at their job... 990 01:09:54,020 --> 01:09:56,790 ...goes up to 61 % on May 7. 991 01:09:57,350 --> 01:10:00,200 The mine's trains are working day and night. 992 01:10:03,360 --> 01:10:06,360 Strike! 993 01:10:06,860 --> 01:10:10,370 Strike! 994 01:10:14,970 --> 01:10:17,780 The strikers, encouraged by the opposition... 995 01:10:17,980 --> 01:10:20,080 ...reject two settlement proposals... 996 01:10:20,280 --> 01:10:24,280 ...and demand a doubling of salary readjustments. 997 01:10:27,180 --> 01:10:28,600 Why are you striking? 998 01:10:29,120 --> 01:10:34,470 We're demanding the 41 % that the company owes us. 999 01:10:34,890 --> 01:10:36,600 How many days has it been? 1000 01:10:37,630 --> 01:10:39,340 It's been 21 days now. 1001 01:10:39,900 --> 01:10:41,380 What's going to happen? 1002 01:10:41,800 --> 01:10:44,800 It'll have to be settled today or tomorrow. 1003 01:10:45,270 --> 01:10:47,310 Is this to do with unions or with politics? 1004 01:10:47,500 --> 01:10:50,210 It's never had anything to do with politics. 1005 01:10:50,470 --> 01:10:52,980 There's never been a politician... 1006 01:10:53,210 --> 01:10:57,090 ...or a minister or a deputy involved in this. 1007 01:10:57,550 --> 01:11:00,430 We're just workers defending our rights. 1008 01:11:01,620 --> 01:11:03,570 And I think we have to win... 1009 01:11:03,850 --> 01:11:06,530 ...because we elected our President... 1010 01:11:06,690 --> 01:11:08,860 ...so that he'd defend workers' rights... 1011 01:11:09,030 --> 01:11:11,200 ...not so that he'd come and criticize us... 1012 01:11:11,700 --> 01:11:13,680 ...when we ask for something. 1013 01:11:13,900 --> 01:11:16,240 - You support the President? - Yes, I do. 1014 01:11:16,600 --> 01:11:18,480 The strike is damaging the government. 1015 01:11:18,740 --> 01:11:20,480 Of course it's damaging it... 1016 01:11:20,700 --> 01:11:24,450 ...but I think that in all these 21 days of striking... 1017 01:11:24,680 --> 01:11:28,710 ...they should at least have settled the strike. 1018 01:11:55,170 --> 01:11:59,750 Into the square! 1019 01:13:07,980 --> 01:13:11,360 The strike leaders need to have victims... 1020 01:13:11,550 --> 01:13:13,720 ...so they can accuse the government of repression. 1021 01:13:13,980 --> 01:13:16,590 For that reason, the police get orders... 1022 01:13:16,790 --> 01:13:18,700 ...to act with the greatest caution. 1023 01:13:19,490 --> 01:13:22,530 As the police retreat despite the stone throwing... 1024 01:13:22,760 --> 01:13:24,640 ...there is confusion. 1025 01:13:25,260 --> 01:13:27,800 While some want to continue the fight... 1026 01:13:28,000 --> 01:13:29,640 ...others think it better... 1027 01:13:29,830 --> 01:13:32,470 ...to seize the mining company's offices. 1028 01:13:44,350 --> 01:13:47,350 Let's seize the company! 1029 01:13:47,750 --> 01:13:51,720 I spoke to the governor because I don't want any death. 1030 01:13:52,460 --> 01:13:55,300 - Who represents the workers? - We do! 1031 01:13:55,530 --> 01:13:58,170 The leaders are over there! 1032 01:14:22,920 --> 01:14:24,520 And I also... 1033 01:14:24,890 --> 01:14:27,530 I also requested... 1034 01:14:29,230 --> 01:14:31,930 I also requested, comrades... 1035 01:14:32,060 --> 01:14:35,600 ...that with the same responsibility... 1036 01:14:35,800 --> 01:14:37,940 ...as that of the "El Teniente" workers... 1037 01:14:38,140 --> 01:14:42,740 ...we are asking the police forces here... 1038 01:14:42,910 --> 01:14:46,720 ...that they should maintain the same composure. 1039 01:14:48,080 --> 01:14:51,820 I asked them that they should maintain... 1040 01:14:53,350 --> 01:14:56,990 ...the same composure, comrades. 1041 01:14:57,790 --> 01:14:59,500 And now... 1042 01:14:59,690 --> 01:15:01,470 ...I want... 1043 01:15:03,160 --> 01:15:06,000 I want to say here this morning... 1044 01:15:06,760 --> 01:15:08,570 ...that in the meeting... 1045 01:15:08,770 --> 01:15:11,510 ...which we had with the President of the Republic... 1046 01:15:11,700 --> 01:15:14,050 ...on the 19th... 1047 01:15:18,880 --> 01:15:20,510 I spoke to them... 1048 01:15:20,780 --> 01:15:25,160 ...as an older brother or a comrade would have done... 1049 01:15:25,380 --> 01:15:27,860 ...and I told them clearly how serious it was... 1050 01:15:28,090 --> 01:15:30,830 ...to stop the production of copper now... 1051 01:15:31,020 --> 01:15:32,800 ...when we need more earnings... 1052 01:15:33,020 --> 01:15:35,700 ...when we don't have the financing we need... 1053 01:15:35,890 --> 01:15:38,840 ...when we may not be able to fulfill... 1054 01:15:39,060 --> 01:15:41,010 ...some essential commitments. 1055 01:15:41,200 --> 01:15:42,540 At this moment... 1056 01:15:42,770 --> 01:15:44,940 ...especially when the price of copper... 1057 01:15:45,140 --> 01:15:47,810 ...has reached a satisfactory level... 1058 01:15:47,970 --> 01:15:52,040 ...at this precise moment, "El Teniente" is paralyzed... 1059 01:15:52,210 --> 01:15:55,750 ...just when it had achieved an extraordinary output. 1060 01:15:55,910 --> 01:15:58,220 I spoke to them like a comrade... 1061 01:15:58,420 --> 01:16:00,990 ...with tenderness, with respect, with affection. 1062 01:16:01,250 --> 01:16:02,660 Nevertheless... 1063 01:16:02,850 --> 01:16:06,060 ...economic criteria were stronger... 1064 01:16:06,290 --> 01:16:08,600 ...and so "El Teniente" is at a standstill... 1065 01:16:08,790 --> 01:16:11,600 ...and that means the loss of millions of dollars... 1066 01:16:11,830 --> 01:16:13,240 ...for the country. 1067 01:16:13,460 --> 01:16:15,910 There could have been a solution... 1068 01:16:16,030 --> 01:16:18,840 ...that certainly would have cost less... 1069 01:16:19,040 --> 01:16:20,520 ...than a day's production. 1070 01:16:20,770 --> 01:16:23,270 But that would have set a fatal precedent. 1071 01:16:23,410 --> 01:16:27,220 A readjustment on top of a readjustment. 1072 01:16:27,840 --> 01:16:30,150 Today, I ask them from here to understand... 1073 01:16:30,350 --> 01:16:33,330 ...that being a copper worker in this country... 1074 01:16:33,480 --> 01:16:34,860 ...is a privilege... 1075 01:16:35,120 --> 01:16:37,890 ...from a patriotic and revolutionary point of view. 1076 01:16:38,020 --> 01:16:40,800 They are the workers who must preserve... 1077 01:16:40,960 --> 01:16:42,460 ...the essence of our country. 1078 01:16:42,730 --> 01:16:44,260 We depend on copper... 1079 01:16:44,530 --> 01:16:47,100 ...to be able to buy spare parts, raw materials... 1080 01:16:47,360 --> 01:16:50,040 ...inputs, foodstuffs and medicines. 1081 01:16:50,200 --> 01:16:53,980 I ask them from here, as revolutionary comrades... 1082 01:16:54,170 --> 01:16:55,950 ...to reconsider their attitude. 1083 01:16:56,170 --> 01:17:00,550 We will propose solutions which will mean more income... 1084 01:17:00,740 --> 01:17:03,280 ...on the basis of producing more copper... 1085 01:17:03,480 --> 01:17:04,960 ...and greater productivity. 1086 01:17:05,180 --> 01:17:07,660 I uphold our revolutionary awareness... 1087 01:17:07,880 --> 01:17:11,490 ...and I tell them that I have faith in the Chilean worker... 1088 01:17:11,690 --> 01:17:14,430 ...who cannot forget imperialist aggression... 1089 01:17:14,630 --> 01:17:16,260 ...and internal conspiracy! 1090 01:17:16,530 --> 01:17:19,840 The copper worker and the agricultural worker... 1091 01:17:20,030 --> 01:17:23,070 ...have to unite to defend the future of Chile... 1092 01:17:23,270 --> 01:17:26,650 ...threatened from without and hounded from within! 1093 01:17:36,510 --> 01:17:38,080 In the "Chuquicamata" mine... 1094 01:17:38,280 --> 01:17:40,990 ...on May 16, the workers reject... 1095 01:17:41,180 --> 01:17:43,560 ...a stoppage in solidarity with "El Teniente". 1096 01:17:45,060 --> 01:17:47,370 The same happens in the "El Salvador" mine. 1097 01:17:47,790 --> 01:17:50,070 The opposition fail in their attempt... 1098 01:17:50,260 --> 01:17:52,570 ...to spread the strike to other copper mines. 1099 01:18:02,710 --> 01:18:06,810 On June 6, the strikers send a commission to Santiago. 1100 01:18:09,610 --> 01:18:11,290 Congress, which had justified... 1101 01:18:11,480 --> 01:18:13,550 ...oppression of workers in other times... 1102 01:18:13,750 --> 01:18:17,130 ...opens its gardens to give the miners money and supplies. 1103 01:18:20,190 --> 01:18:23,430 Parliament issues a statement, which has no legal basis... 1104 01:18:23,630 --> 01:18:25,440 ...saying the miners are right. 1105 01:18:26,730 --> 01:18:29,510 And meanwhile, donations continue to arrive. 1106 01:18:30,070 --> 01:18:31,810 For the wealthy sector... 1107 01:18:32,000 --> 01:18:35,140 ...helping the striking miners has become an obligation. 1108 01:18:37,570 --> 01:18:39,880 I am firmly convinced... 1109 01:18:41,140 --> 01:18:42,990 ...that this conflict... 1110 01:18:43,480 --> 01:18:46,760 ...will have international repercussions... 1111 01:18:48,320 --> 01:18:50,320 ...because here... 1112 01:18:50,620 --> 01:18:52,620 ...what is at stake... 1113 01:18:54,690 --> 01:18:56,730 ...is the firmness of the workers... 1114 01:18:56,930 --> 01:18:58,870 ...in defending their conquests. 1115 01:18:59,730 --> 01:19:01,900 And on the other side... 1116 01:19:02,930 --> 01:19:06,540 ...is the position of the Supreme Government... 1117 01:19:07,170 --> 01:19:11,920 ...which, until this moment, had turned a deaf ear... 1118 01:19:12,280 --> 01:19:14,650 ...to solving this problem. 1119 01:19:15,850 --> 01:19:17,850 And the only culprits... 1120 01:19:18,120 --> 01:19:21,560 ...of the prolongation of these 37 days of strike... 1121 01:19:22,120 --> 01:19:24,120 ...have got names. 1122 01:19:24,860 --> 01:19:29,200 It is a product of the incapacity... 1123 01:19:29,430 --> 01:19:32,410 ...of the ministers responsible for mining and labor... 1124 01:19:32,600 --> 01:19:34,470 ...and of the copper bureaucrats. 1125 01:19:44,710 --> 01:19:45,780 For the first time... 1126 01:19:45,940 --> 01:19:49,290 ...a labor leader is received in the Catholic University. 1127 01:19:51,180 --> 01:19:54,560 When 75% of the miners at "El Teniente"... 1128 01:19:54,750 --> 01:19:57,290 ...and 10% of the clerical staff are back at work... 1129 01:19:57,450 --> 01:19:59,900 ...the leader Guillermo Medina comes to receive the support.. 1130 01:20:00,090 --> 01:20:01,760 ...of the children of the well-to-do. 1131 01:20:02,430 --> 01:20:10,140 Workers and students, forward together! 1132 01:20:15,410 --> 01:20:19,510 Down with incompetent government! 1133 01:20:29,150 --> 01:20:31,130 The Catholic University students... 1134 01:20:31,290 --> 01:20:34,170 ...become the main agitators of the stoppage. 1135 01:20:34,790 --> 01:20:37,100 While the strike eases in "El Teniente"... 1136 01:20:37,260 --> 01:20:39,330 ...the opposition politicize the conflict. 1137 01:20:39,560 --> 01:20:42,170 In Santiago, the organization "Feminine Power"... 1138 01:20:42,370 --> 01:20:45,140 ...starts to gather funds for the miners' wives. 1139 01:20:54,710 --> 01:20:56,420 A large section of the middle class... 1140 01:20:56,610 --> 01:20:58,920 ...consciously or unconsciously... 1141 01:20:59,180 --> 01:21:01,290 ...starts to join the ranks of fascism. 1142 01:21:34,890 --> 01:21:38,560 - Nationalists! - Present! 1143 01:21:38,760 --> 01:21:42,000 - Nationalists! - Forward! 1144 01:21:42,230 --> 01:21:45,700 - National Front! - Homeland and Freedom! 1145 01:21:46,000 --> 01:21:47,630 - Chile! - One! 1146 01:21:47,760 --> 01:21:49,400 - Chile! - Great! 1147 01:21:49,600 --> 01:21:51,140 - Chile! - Free! 1148 01:21:51,330 --> 01:21:52,370 Forward Chile! 1149 01:21:52,570 --> 01:21:54,610 At the same time, in the mining city of Rancagua... 1150 01:21:54,840 --> 01:21:57,250 ...shopkeepers, professionals and carriers... 1151 01:21:57,440 --> 01:22:00,790 ...call a stoppage in solidarity with the strikers. 1152 01:22:21,800 --> 01:22:23,780 On June 10, the opposition... 1153 01:22:23,970 --> 01:22:26,710 ...occupy the city's radio station by force. 1154 01:22:27,600 --> 01:22:29,780 As Rancagua is too small... 1155 01:22:30,010 --> 01:22:32,490 ...to cause any stir in the now lessening conflict... 1156 01:22:32,680 --> 01:22:34,920 ...they decide to move to the capital. 1157 01:22:36,350 --> 01:22:39,990 On June 15, 3,000 strikers arrive at the head office... 1158 01:22:40,180 --> 01:22:42,250 ...of the Christian Democrat Party in Santiago. 1159 01:22:42,450 --> 01:22:46,760 They make up approximately 25% of the mine employees. 1160 01:22:48,360 --> 01:22:51,860 Christian Democrat Youth! 1161 01:23:00,340 --> 01:23:02,680 The opposition calls out its troublemakers. 1162 01:23:03,170 --> 01:23:05,810 The government responds with a police presence... 1163 01:23:06,010 --> 01:23:07,920 ...and the mobilization of its militants. 1164 01:23:36,670 --> 01:23:40,490 Workers collaborate with the police to impose order. 1165 01:23:49,990 --> 01:23:52,400 The agitators provoke the police. 1166 01:23:52,660 --> 01:23:55,970 The left-wing workers dismantle the barricades. 1167 01:23:56,030 --> 01:23:59,470 Come on, we have to clean up the streets, comrades! 1168 01:24:07,000 --> 01:24:09,810 How long are those "mummies" going to fuck us up? 1169 01:24:24,150 --> 01:24:26,760 At midday, the Popular Unity supporters... 1170 01:24:26,920 --> 01:24:29,230 ...gather in front of the La Moneda palace. 1171 01:24:29,290 --> 01:24:31,270 We support the popular government! 1172 01:24:31,430 --> 01:24:34,470 The street battle will go on until night. 1173 01:25:04,630 --> 01:25:07,130 VIOLENT CITY 1174 01:25:14,570 --> 01:25:22,550 Allende, Allende, the people will defend you! 1175 01:25:34,820 --> 01:25:37,930 I'm here because I've got class consciousness. 1176 01:25:38,360 --> 01:25:40,710 I'm here with my class comrades... 1177 01:25:40,900 --> 01:25:42,340 ...defending the workers' government... 1178 01:25:42,500 --> 01:25:44,570 ...to the death, if necessary. 1179 01:25:44,830 --> 01:25:51,650 Let's create popular power! 1180 01:25:57,480 --> 01:26:00,120 I've been here since 10:00 a.m... 1181 01:26:00,450 --> 01:26:02,490 ...firstly because of my convictions. 1182 01:26:02,620 --> 01:26:04,360 I'm the father of 12 children. 1183 01:26:04,590 --> 01:26:08,400 I Know this government's fight isn't for me. 1184 01:26:08,690 --> 01:26:11,830 I don't have many days of struggle and sacrifice left. 1185 01:26:12,230 --> 01:26:13,610 It's for my children. 1186 01:26:14,660 --> 01:26:16,910 What we're defending is constitutional power. 1187 01:26:17,230 --> 01:26:18,840 We're against fascism. 1188 01:26:19,940 --> 01:26:21,540 We support the popular government. 1189 01:26:22,040 --> 01:26:24,990 We think that what's going on now is a just struggle. 1190 01:26:25,040 --> 01:26:28,350 We're here to defend the position of all workers. 1191 01:26:28,780 --> 01:26:32,090 We don't want that, because of a privileged group... 1192 01:26:32,650 --> 01:26:34,790 ...like the "El Teniente" miners... 1193 01:26:34,980 --> 01:26:37,020 ...this government should have problems. 1194 01:26:37,220 --> 01:26:40,170 We'll defend this government's position... 1195 01:26:40,360 --> 01:26:41,840 ...to the last consequences. 1196 01:26:42,260 --> 01:26:43,900 Comrade, why are you here? 1197 01:26:44,130 --> 01:26:47,570 I'm Chilean, and I have to defend Allende's government. 1198 01:26:47,760 --> 01:26:49,610 It's the people's government. 1199 01:26:50,700 --> 01:26:53,700 We can't put up with fascism anymore. 1200 01:26:54,170 --> 01:26:56,840 It has to be stopped now, for once and for all. 1201 01:26:57,140 --> 01:26:58,740 It's what the people want. 1202 01:26:59,040 --> 01:27:00,950 Wherever you go, people want the same. 1203 01:27:01,140 --> 01:27:03,090 We've had enough of those idlers... 1204 01:27:03,280 --> 01:27:05,490 ...getting paid for nothing in Congress! 1205 01:27:08,180 --> 01:27:11,390 That's the opinion of all the workers... 1206 01:27:11,620 --> 01:27:13,530 ...of all the people in the villages. 1207 01:27:13,720 --> 01:27:15,460 And we have to be tough on speculators! 1208 01:27:15,690 --> 01:27:17,900 They have to approve the law on economic crimes... 1209 01:27:18,130 --> 01:27:20,940 ...so we can jail the thieves and hoarders! 1210 01:27:22,270 --> 01:27:23,740 Do you want to say anything else? 1211 01:27:24,400 --> 01:27:25,970 I've said enough. 1212 01:27:26,170 --> 01:27:30,580 - Popular Unity! - We shall overcome! 1213 01:27:42,050 --> 01:27:44,860 The next day, the last strikers are loitering... 1214 01:27:45,090 --> 01:27:47,830 ...outside the Christian Democrat offices. 1215 01:27:48,790 --> 01:27:52,240 Many are returning to Rancagua tonight. 1216 01:27:54,360 --> 01:27:56,500 A symbolic group... 1217 01:27:56,700 --> 01:27:59,040 ...goes to the Catholic University. 1218 01:28:01,670 --> 01:28:05,850 In "El Teniente", 93% of the staff have gone back to work. 1219 01:28:07,510 --> 01:28:10,980 On June 21, the Trades Union Council... 1220 01:28:11,150 --> 01:28:14,860 ...organizes a demonstration of force against fascism. 1221 01:28:15,720 --> 01:28:23,730 Let's create popular power! 1222 01:28:24,160 --> 01:28:28,230 "PU", and no compromise! 1223 01:28:33,040 --> 01:28:40,510 Popular Unity against the criminal "mummies"! 1224 01:28:49,290 --> 01:28:57,030 Let's create a popular militia! 1225 01:29:03,430 --> 01:29:07,540 Forward with "PU"! 1226 01:29:32,030 --> 01:29:37,670 Power to the workers! 1227 01:30:09,470 --> 01:30:15,540 If you don't jump, you're a "mummy"! 1228 01:30:23,880 --> 01:30:27,020 Via the "Voice of the Homeland" transmitters... 1229 01:30:27,280 --> 01:30:29,820 ...we have the first worker of the nation... 1230 01:30:30,150 --> 01:30:32,220 ...the President of the Republic... 1231 01:30:32,460 --> 01:30:34,960 ...comrade Salvador Allende. 1232 01:30:50,440 --> 01:30:52,150 While half a million demonstrators... 1233 01:30:52,340 --> 01:30:54,320 ...gather in the center of Santiago... 1234 01:30:54,710 --> 01:30:57,750 ...nearby, watched by the police... 1235 01:30:58,110 --> 01:31:00,250 ...the last strikers watch the event... 1236 01:31:00,450 --> 01:31:02,450 ...from the roof of the Catholic University. 1237 01:31:09,630 --> 01:31:11,200 I maintain... 1238 01:31:12,460 --> 01:31:14,340 ...that never... 1239 01:31:14,900 --> 01:31:17,240 ...in our history... 1240 01:31:17,930 --> 01:31:19,880 ...was there an event... 1241 01:31:20,170 --> 01:31:24,170 ...of the magnitude and content of this one. 1242 01:31:25,140 --> 01:31:28,090 One has had to innovate in all methods... 1243 01:31:29,080 --> 01:31:30,920 ...to be able... 1244 01:31:31,680 --> 01:31:34,860 ...to have even approximately... 1245 01:31:35,850 --> 01:31:38,160 ...a dimension... 1246 01:31:39,190 --> 01:31:41,670 ...of the extraordinary... 1247 01:31:42,060 --> 01:31:44,700 ...spirited and enormous multitude... 1248 01:31:45,530 --> 01:31:47,630 ...which is filling the streets... 1249 01:31:47,830 --> 01:31:49,810 ...Moneda, Agustinas... 1250 01:31:50,000 --> 01:31:54,410 ...Amunategui, Ahumada, Morandé... 1251 01:31:54,870 --> 01:31:57,610 ...Huérfanos, Teatinos... 1252 01:31:57,810 --> 01:32:00,050 ...most of the Alameda... 1253 01:32:00,580 --> 01:32:03,320 ...and the column which set out from Tajamar... 1254 01:32:03,710 --> 01:32:06,490 ...has still not been able to arrive... 1255 01:32:06,680 --> 01:32:08,820 ...likewise the column from Vicua Mackenna. 1256 01:32:09,090 --> 01:32:11,120 Never in the history of Chile... 1257 01:32:11,350 --> 01:32:15,890 ...were the people more combative and more present! 1258 01:32:17,460 --> 01:32:20,100 We can feel history here! 1259 01:32:20,830 --> 01:32:23,310 We are reinforcing... 1260 01:32:23,630 --> 01:32:26,550 ...our right to build... 1261 01:32:26,770 --> 01:32:30,770 ...a future of justice and freedom... 1262 01:32:31,010 --> 01:32:33,510 ...to make our way towards socialism! 1263 01:32:41,420 --> 01:32:44,920 A week later, the copper strike is over. 1264 01:32:45,720 --> 01:32:47,130 On June 28... 1265 01:32:47,420 --> 01:32:50,060 ...the 500 miners occupying the Catholic University... 1266 01:32:50,260 --> 01:32:52,100 ...withdraw in small groups. 1267 01:32:52,400 --> 01:32:55,600 In all, the conflict has lasted 76 days... 1268 01:32:55,800 --> 01:32:58,370 ...and has cost the state millions of dollars. 1269 01:33:00,800 --> 01:33:02,210 With this strike over... 1270 01:33:02,470 --> 01:33:05,820 ...Allende's adversaries have tried almost everything... 1271 01:33:06,010 --> 01:33:07,680 ...to topple his government. 1272 01:33:07,940 --> 01:33:10,150 They have one last resort. 1273 01:33:27,060 --> 01:33:30,770 The next day, June 29, at 9:00 a.m... 1274 01:33:30,830 --> 01:33:34,510 ...the Number Two armored regiment attacks the La Moneda palace... 1275 01:33:34,600 --> 01:33:36,170 ...with 6 tanks and several transport vehicles. 1276 01:34:03,500 --> 01:34:06,610 At 9:30, Parliament, the Judicial Power... 1277 01:34:06,770 --> 01:34:08,910 ...and the opposition parties are silent. 1278 01:34:10,540 --> 01:34:14,180 The rest of the armed forces do not back up the action. 1279 01:34:52,680 --> 01:34:55,160 A little later, Leonardo Henricksen... 1280 01:34:55,220 --> 01:34:58,530 ...an Argentinean cameraman, films his last shot. 1281 01:34:59,360 --> 01:35:01,560 He doesn't just record his own death. 1282 01:35:01,820 --> 01:35:05,470 He also records, two months before the final coup... 1283 01:35:05,660 --> 01:35:09,070 ...the true face of a sector of the Chilean army. 1284 01:35:18,310 --> 01:35:19,950 Watch out! 1285 01:35:26,850 --> 01:35:28,690 Watch out! Over there! 1286 01:35:40,960 --> 01:35:46,070 END OF PART ONE 102757

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