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NARRATOR: By the summer of 1945,
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the allies are tearing Japan
to shreds.
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MAN: We’d scatter
in all directions
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00:00:08,518 --> 00:00:11,421
and shout, "they’re coming!"
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NARRATOR: A ground invasion
seems imminent--
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the largest amphibious assault
in human history.
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MAN: We knew the beaches,
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we knew the order of battle.
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NARRATOR: But one bomb...
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Changes everything.
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WOMAN: People just sat,
catching fire.
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NARRATOR:
Some memories will never fade.
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MAN: I experienced
the collapse of our nation.
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NARRATOR: And no survivors
will ever forget.
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MAN: My mother thought
I had been killed.
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NARRATOR: Hear the voices
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and feel the fight.
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♫ ♫
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Brought to you by Sailor420
!!! Hope you enjoy the film !!!
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♫ ♫
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DAVID BRADEN: We were
going up in daylight
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and dropping leaflets that said,
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"we advise you
to evacuate your town
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because we’re coming up here
Sunday afternoon at 2 o’clock
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to burn it to the ground."
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♫ ♫
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NARRATOR: In march of 1945,
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General Curtis Lemay
took a torch to Tokyo
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in the world’s first
large-scale use of napalm bombs.
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BRADEN:
The first fire raid on Tokyo
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flattened 16 square miles
of the city.
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Lemay was ecstatic.
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He ordered more of
those missions immediately.
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♫ ♫
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NARRATOR: Lemay targets
any place with a war industry.
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In a matter of months,
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America firebombs
67 Japanese cities.
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♫ ♫
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Fueled by wood and wind,
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flames wash through Japan
like a flood.
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FUNATO KAZUYO: Mother,
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with my little brother
on her back,
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had her feet swept out
from under her by the wind...
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And she rolled away
into the flames.
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NARRATOR: American firebombs
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kill an estimated
half-million citizens.
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♫ ♫
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Lemay films the damage himself.
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His footage has never been
broadcast before.
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In some places,
only Bridges are left,
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connecting neighborhoods
that no longer exist.
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♫ ♫
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CURTIS LEMAY: I suppose
if I had lost the war,
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I would have been tried
as a war criminal.
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But all war is immoral.
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And if you let that bother you,
you’re not a good soldier.
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♫ ♫
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NARRATOR: Japanese film
shows the rush to evacuate.
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♫ ♫
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Entire classrooms of kids
migrate from city to country.
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But they don’t escape the fear.
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SATO HIDEO: By 1945,
we no longer had many classes.
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The main thing we did
was dig an anti-tank ditch
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in the corner of the schoolyard.
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NARRATOR: Japan is
increasingly desperate.
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America swoops in ever closer.
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(engines roaring)
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(gunfire)
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BRADEN: By June,
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we had just about obliterated
any opposition
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that we had from the ground
or from the air.
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(engines roaring and gunfire)
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NARRATOR: Japan deploys
its last planes and pilots
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to face the allies in dogfights.
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(engines roaring and gunfire)
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These battles used to be
out over the open pacific.
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(gunfire)
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Now they’re over Japan itself.
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(gunfire)
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Then the Japanese
simply run out of gas.
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(gunfire)
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ART ANDERSON:
We would see whole airfields
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loaded with airplanes,
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and there wasn’t one that could
get off the ground.
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(engines roaring and gunfire)
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The Japanese were
completely out of fuel.
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(engines roaring)
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(gunfire)
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You’d find
a little cargo boat,
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with two or three
drums of gasoline
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from some remote island,
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trying to make it back
to the mainland.
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(gunfire)
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NARRATOR: The Japanese empire
is gasping for breath.
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Yet there’s no sign
of surrender.
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Allies begin planning
for the unthinkable.
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♫ ♫
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BAINE KERR: We had the plans
for the landing in Japan.
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00:06:07,910 --> 00:06:10,313
And we knew the beaches,
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we knew the order of battle.
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All six marine divisions were
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going to land in the assault.
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And we would be followed
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by 32 army divisions,
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including macarthur’s.
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NARRATOR: It would be
the largest amphibious assault
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in the history of warfare.
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CODE NAME: Operation downfall.
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KERR: Then they were
going to embark
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something like
70 divisions out of Europe
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and sail directly there.
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NARRATOR: The high-end estimate
of the invasion force
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is nearly two million men.
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Planners assume that fighting
will rage into 1947.
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♫ ♫
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After the human wreckage
left on okinawa
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just weeks earlier,
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most marines don’t doubt
this dire prediction.
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CHARLES KILPATRICK:
We knew they were digging in.
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All those tremendous
defenses in okinawa
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they did in four months.
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They had a lot longer than that
to prepare in Tokyo.
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♫ ♫
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DAVID STRAUS: An officer told us
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we were going to be
in the assault wave.
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He said, "look to your right
and look to your left.
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A week after we hit that beach,
one of you will be dead."
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That was a real morale builder.
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NARRATOR:
But President Harry Truman
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is weighing a different option.
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♫ ♫
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In the middle
of nowhere, new Mexico,
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scientists prepare
to hoist a steel globe
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00:08:02,291 --> 00:08:04,894
into a tower of scaffolding.
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00:08:04,894 --> 00:08:09,132
It’s the world’s
first nuclear device.
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They lift it carefully,
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knowing if it drops,
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it’ll turn them into dust...
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If it works at all.
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This is the moment of truth
for the Manhattan project--
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the Trinity test.
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After securing it in the tower,
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the scientists
move 20 miles away.
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00:08:31,421 --> 00:08:35,358
Then they flip the switch.
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♫ ♫
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JOAN HINTON: It was like
being at the bottom
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of an ocean of light.
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We were bathed in it
from all directions.
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♫ ♫
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J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER:
We knew the world
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would not be the same.
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A few people laughed.
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A few people cried.
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Most people were silent.
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NARRATOR: Then one of
oppenheimer’s colleagues
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turns to him and says,
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"now we are all
sons of bitches."
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♫ ♫
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Trinity was a test
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00:09:31,147 --> 00:09:35,218
of a fragile bomb
of unknown power,
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sitting on the floor
of an empty desert.
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Next,
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they’ll have to figure out
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how to push one out
of a moving airplane.
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Only a handful of humans
know the atomic age has dawned.
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For everyone else,
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the pacific war
still looks like this.
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(cannon and rocket fire)
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00:10:04,046 --> 00:10:07,116
♫ ♫
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00:10:07,116 --> 00:10:09,452
Supplying China
has stymied the allies
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since the start of the war.
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00:10:13,489 --> 00:10:15,691
Japan controls the Burma road,
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choking off China
from allied territory.
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As a workaround,
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Americans tried flying supplies
over the hump of the Himalayas.
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00:10:30,840 --> 00:10:33,743
They tried sending secret agents
through Tibet
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to get on the good side
of the 7-year-old Dalai Lama.
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Finally, they try engineering.
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00:10:44,253 --> 00:10:47,390
Allies try to bypass
the Japanese blockade
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00:10:47,390 --> 00:10:49,292
with a new road
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00:10:49,292 --> 00:10:52,194
from the Indian town of ledo.
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The jungle is no easy place
to make a detour.
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MOSE DAVIE: It was rugged.
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We were assigned to mile zero,
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which we called "hell’s gate."
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NARRATOR: From there,
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they slowly carve
a new ribbon of road
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for 460 miles.
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DAVIE: We used
every imaginable tool they had
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to move the earth.
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NARRATOR: Workers nickname it
"the big snake."
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It takes a bite out of every man
that works on it.
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DAVIE: I lost about 55 pounds
up there on the road.
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The rations and the heat
took me bad.
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NARRATOR:
But the effort pays off.
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A stream of supplies
begins to flow into China.
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00:11:43,212 --> 00:11:44,614
Now the pressure on Japan
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00:11:44,614 --> 00:11:47,583
seems to be coming
from every direction.
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00:11:50,686 --> 00:11:54,824
Burma can now stand firm
with the allies.
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00:11:54,824 --> 00:11:58,160
Japanese troops
dissolve into the jungle,
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isolated and abandoned.
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♫ ♫
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Here, freedom is a relief.
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00:12:06,669 --> 00:12:11,874
♫ ♫
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00:12:11,874 --> 00:12:14,644
In the American west,
it’s bittersweet.
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00:12:17,113 --> 00:12:19,348
Since 1942,
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00:12:19,348 --> 00:12:22,418
more than a hundred thousand
Japanese Americans
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have been forced
into internment camps.
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00:12:24,920 --> 00:12:30,526
♫ ♫
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Kids have been growing up
as little more than prisoners.
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00:12:35,564 --> 00:12:36,966
TAKEO SHIROMA:
When I got to camp,
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00:12:36,966 --> 00:12:39,368
I was a junior.
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00:12:39,368 --> 00:12:43,472
My diploma was from
the bureau of Indian affairs.
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00:12:45,341 --> 00:12:47,176
NARRATOR:
The fears that put them here
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00:12:47,176 --> 00:12:50,146
have not materialized.
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00:12:50,146 --> 00:12:54,183
They haven’t become spies
or saboteurs.
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00:12:54,183 --> 00:12:56,585
Instead, they’ve been
quietly showing
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00:12:56,585 --> 00:12:59,422
just how American
they really are.
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00:12:59,422 --> 00:13:03,592
♫ ♫
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00:13:03,592 --> 00:13:06,962
So even with the war
grinding on,
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00:13:06,962 --> 00:13:09,765
America opens the gates.
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00:13:09,765 --> 00:13:12,802
ROBERTA SHIROMA: That was
a dividing line in our lives--
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00:13:12,802 --> 00:13:16,372
before camp and after camp.
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00:13:16,372 --> 00:13:18,841
NARRATOR:
Roberta and takeo Shiroma
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00:13:18,841 --> 00:13:21,310
will have to start over.
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00:13:21,310 --> 00:13:24,580
TAKEO SHIROMA:
My parents lost their business.
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00:13:24,580 --> 00:13:27,283
NARRATOR: It’s like they’re
immigrants once more,
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00:13:27,283 --> 00:13:29,518
departing with a few suitcases
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00:13:29,518 --> 00:13:32,254
to a country whose
lofty principles
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00:13:32,254 --> 00:13:34,156
do not apply to them.
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00:13:36,692 --> 00:13:39,562
Many Americans
don’t want them back.
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00:13:39,562 --> 00:13:43,432
One senator suggests
they all be deported to Japan.
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00:13:45,868 --> 00:13:49,038
West coast newspapers
decry what they call
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00:13:49,038 --> 00:13:51,307
"california’s jap problem."
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00:13:53,843 --> 00:13:56,712
TAKEO SHIROMA:
My father could not get a job.
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00:13:56,712 --> 00:13:59,482
They said,
"have you looked at your face?
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00:13:59,482 --> 00:14:01,317
We can’t hire you."
238
00:14:01,317 --> 00:14:03,552
NARRATOR: Some even
cling to the camps
239
00:14:03,552 --> 00:14:06,922
when they could freely leave.
240
00:14:06,922 --> 00:14:09,225
But the shiromas
try to heed wisdom
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00:14:09,225 --> 00:14:12,027
from their ancestral home.
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00:14:12,027 --> 00:14:13,295
ROBERTA SHIROMA:
We have a phrase
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00:14:13,295 --> 00:14:15,197
that we hear all the time.
244
00:14:15,197 --> 00:14:17,433
It’s called "Shigata Ga Nai."
245
00:14:17,433 --> 00:14:20,269
It means
"it couldn’t be helped."
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00:14:20,269 --> 00:14:22,671
It’s something that happened,
247
00:14:22,671 --> 00:14:24,039
and you let it go.
248
00:14:24,039 --> 00:14:28,077
NARRATOR: That will be easier
for some than others.
249
00:14:30,813 --> 00:14:33,482
In another desert
of the American west,
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00:14:33,482 --> 00:14:36,585
B-29 crews
line up for inspection.
251
00:14:38,454 --> 00:14:40,389
JAMES PRICE: He told us
that we were in an outfit
252
00:14:40,389 --> 00:14:43,726
that might end the war.
253
00:14:43,726 --> 00:14:45,561
NARRATOR: Then...
254
00:14:45,561 --> 00:14:47,830
They prepare
for a high-stakes game
255
00:14:47,830 --> 00:14:49,231
of target practice.
256
00:14:52,735 --> 00:14:56,105
The Trinity test
ushered in the atomic age.
257
00:14:59,542 --> 00:15:03,312
But no one knows how to drop
such a big bomb out of a plane.
258
00:15:05,581 --> 00:15:10,085
So b-29s take off with
dummy bombs called "pumpkins"
259
00:15:10,085 --> 00:15:11,921
to drop onto the desert.
260
00:15:11,921 --> 00:15:18,828
♫ ♫
261
00:15:18,828 --> 00:15:21,130
PRICE: I guess they just
plowed up these tumbleweeds
262
00:15:21,130 --> 00:15:23,165
so we could see a target.
263
00:15:26,168 --> 00:15:28,804
NARRATOR:
From more than 5 1/2 miles up,
264
00:15:28,804 --> 00:15:30,139
they let it go.
265
00:15:33,008 --> 00:15:37,913
On the ground, experts observe
the bomb’s dynamics.
266
00:15:37,913 --> 00:15:39,481
PRICE: The first ones tumbled.
267
00:15:39,481 --> 00:15:41,550
Then they changed the tailfins.
268
00:15:43,419 --> 00:15:46,121
People from Los Alamos
were down there timing
269
00:15:46,121 --> 00:15:49,558
how long it would
take them to fall.
270
00:15:49,558 --> 00:15:52,494
Someone joked that they stood
in the center of the target
271
00:15:52,494 --> 00:15:55,264
because they felt that
would be the safest place.
272
00:15:57,566 --> 00:15:59,902
NARRATOR: It’s not a bullseye.
273
00:15:59,902 --> 00:16:02,972
But with the real bomb,
it might not matter.
274
00:16:02,972 --> 00:16:07,176
♫ ♫
275
00:16:10,679 --> 00:16:12,381
On August 5th,
276
00:16:12,381 --> 00:16:17,119
another air crew prepares
for a run on Japan.
277
00:16:17,119 --> 00:16:19,288
It’s becoming almost routine.
278
00:16:23,592 --> 00:16:27,830
This is
the 345th bombardment group,
279
00:16:27,830 --> 00:16:30,099
nicknamed the air apaches.
280
00:16:32,401 --> 00:16:34,003
They’re on ie shima,
281
00:16:34,003 --> 00:16:36,105
a little island off okinawa
282
00:16:36,105 --> 00:16:39,008
that’s now a bustling air base.
283
00:16:39,008 --> 00:16:41,076
The target
is the town of tarumizu,
284
00:16:41,076 --> 00:16:43,779
just 430 miles away.
285
00:16:43,779 --> 00:16:51,086
♫ ♫
286
00:16:51,086 --> 00:16:54,290
Captain John Hanna
films the action himself.
287
00:16:56,792 --> 00:17:01,497
With Japan unable to mount
much of a defense,
288
00:17:01,497 --> 00:17:04,333
hanna’s plane
can scrape the rooflines.
289
00:17:04,333 --> 00:17:08,737
♫ ♫
290
00:17:08,737 --> 00:17:10,839
They make runs
on a coastal factory
291
00:17:10,839 --> 00:17:13,475
that makes rocket-propelled
suicide planes.
292
00:17:16,946 --> 00:17:19,581
And they firebomb nearby homes
293
00:17:19,581 --> 00:17:22,952
to cripple the workers
as much as their workplace.
294
00:17:22,952 --> 00:17:32,294
♫ ♫
295
00:17:32,294 --> 00:17:35,164
The 345th returns to base
296
00:17:35,164 --> 00:17:37,900
with a few scratches
from anti-aircraft fire.
297
00:17:37,900 --> 00:17:42,805
♫ ♫
298
00:17:42,805 --> 00:17:45,040
Tarumizu is wrecked.
299
00:17:47,209 --> 00:17:50,879
Today’s raid is 325 planes
300
00:17:50,879 --> 00:17:53,649
and thousands of bombs.
301
00:17:53,649 --> 00:17:57,152
Tomorrow, it’ll be just one.
302
00:18:01,256 --> 00:18:13,869
♫ ♫
303
00:18:13,869 --> 00:18:16,672
Teenager yamaoka michiko
304
00:18:16,672 --> 00:18:21,276
is on her way
to downtown Hiroshima.
305
00:18:21,276 --> 00:18:23,612
YAMAOKA MICHIKO: I was in
the third year of high school.
306
00:18:25,948 --> 00:18:28,517
I left the house around 7:45.
307
00:18:28,517 --> 00:18:37,326
♫ ♫
308
00:18:37,326 --> 00:18:40,329
NARRATOR:
From the island of Tinian,
309
00:18:40,329 --> 00:18:43,432
Colonel Paul Tibbets
is on his way to Japan.
310
00:18:45,267 --> 00:18:47,136
PAUL TIBBETS:
We had lulled the Japanese
311
00:18:47,136 --> 00:18:48,737
into a sense of false security.
312
00:18:51,740 --> 00:18:53,008
For a week
313
00:18:53,008 --> 00:18:56,178
I sent a single airplane up
over these targets.
314
00:18:59,782 --> 00:19:03,285
I wanted them to think
we were reconnaissance planes.
315
00:19:03,285 --> 00:19:17,533
♫ ♫
316
00:19:17,533 --> 00:19:19,768
MICHIKO:
I wasn’t particularly afraid
317
00:19:19,768 --> 00:19:22,638
when b-29s flew overhead.
318
00:19:22,638 --> 00:19:25,240
I looked up to see
if I could spot them.
319
00:19:26,909 --> 00:19:29,244
That was the moment.
320
00:19:29,244 --> 00:19:36,885
♫ ♫
321
00:19:36,885 --> 00:19:38,420
There was no sound.
322
00:19:41,256 --> 00:19:43,792
I felt colors.
323
00:19:45,427 --> 00:19:48,497
I remember my body
floating in the air.
324
00:19:51,366 --> 00:19:53,669
I don’t know how far
I was blown.
325
00:19:56,472 --> 00:20:00,576
I tried to say something,
but my voice couldn’t come out.
326
00:20:03,178 --> 00:20:06,648
I said to myself,
"goodbye, mom."
327
00:20:09,618 --> 00:20:12,054
TIBBETS:
Below the mushroom cloud,
328
00:20:12,054 --> 00:20:15,324
it was black
and boiling underneath,
329
00:20:15,324 --> 00:20:17,493
like a boiling pot of tar.
330
00:20:20,095 --> 00:20:23,332
MICHIKO: Fires burst out
from just the light itself.
331
00:20:25,801 --> 00:20:29,638
Nobody looked
like a human being.
332
00:20:31,340 --> 00:20:33,308
People couldn’t scream.
333
00:20:36,645 --> 00:20:38,814
They just sat,
334
00:20:38,814 --> 00:20:40,582
catching fire.
335
00:20:40,582 --> 00:20:48,957
♫ ♫
336
00:20:48,957 --> 00:20:51,760
TIBBETS: By that time,
we were out over the water
337
00:20:51,760 --> 00:20:53,362
and on our way back home.
338
00:20:55,731 --> 00:20:57,533
It was an easy flight.
339
00:20:57,533 --> 00:21:02,104
♫ ♫
340
00:21:02,104 --> 00:21:03,572
I didn’t have the ability
341
00:21:03,572 --> 00:21:07,176
to visualize
what this thing really was.
342
00:21:09,678 --> 00:21:15,284
There was no measure, no scale
by which to judge this thing.
343
00:21:19,221 --> 00:21:21,657
NARRATOR:
As Tibbets lines up for a medal,
344
00:21:21,657 --> 00:21:24,760
rumors swirl about
the damage in Hiroshima.
345
00:21:26,828 --> 00:21:29,831
TIBBETS: The guys came in
with their eyes wide open
346
00:21:29,831 --> 00:21:31,733
and asked...
347
00:21:31,733 --> 00:21:34,136
"Jesus! Is this true?"
348
00:21:38,473 --> 00:21:40,242
NARRATOR: A few days later,
349
00:21:40,242 --> 00:21:44,413
Americans roll out
another atomic bomb--
350
00:21:44,413 --> 00:21:48,984
even bigger in size and power.
351
00:21:48,984 --> 00:21:51,286
They name it "fat man."
352
00:21:53,055 --> 00:21:57,626
Inside is a lump of plutonium
about the size of a softball.
353
00:22:00,896 --> 00:22:02,464
They seal the seams
354
00:22:02,464 --> 00:22:05,667
to keep moisture away from
the delicate components inside.
355
00:22:08,971 --> 00:22:11,306
Since the bomb hit Hiroshima,
356
00:22:11,306 --> 00:22:16,311
Japan has sent no message
to the outside world.
357
00:22:16,311 --> 00:22:18,947
It is silent...
358
00:22:18,947 --> 00:22:20,515
As if in shock.
359
00:22:22,217 --> 00:22:26,255
So Americans load up fat man
360
00:22:26,255 --> 00:22:29,057
and head for the next target--
361
00:22:29,057 --> 00:22:31,026
the city of kokura.
362
00:22:31,026 --> 00:22:40,035
♫ ♫
363
00:22:40,035 --> 00:22:42,170
When the b-29s arrive,
364
00:22:42,170 --> 00:22:44,640
kokura is socked in,
365
00:22:44,640 --> 00:22:47,643
with clouds and smoke
from burning cities.
366
00:22:47,643 --> 00:22:51,813
♫ ♫
367
00:22:51,813 --> 00:22:54,816
They peel off
for their secondary target.
368
00:22:54,816 --> 00:22:59,821
♫ ♫
369
00:22:59,821 --> 00:23:03,759
A Scottish pow
is in a prison camp nearby.
370
00:23:06,061 --> 00:23:08,797
ALISTAIR URQUHART:
I saw a plane flying.
371
00:23:08,797 --> 00:23:13,669
Two minutes later came
a tremendous clap of thunder
372
00:23:13,669 --> 00:23:15,470
from Nagasaki.
373
00:23:15,470 --> 00:23:25,147
♫ ♫
374
00:23:25,147 --> 00:23:28,617
A Gale-force wind
nearly knocked me over.
375
00:23:28,617 --> 00:23:33,355
♫ ♫
376
00:23:33,355 --> 00:23:35,924
NARRATOR: Japan isn’t sure
what’s hitting them.
377
00:23:35,924 --> 00:23:41,330
♫ ♫
378
00:23:41,330 --> 00:23:44,299
America isn’t sure
what it’s unleashing.
379
00:23:48,804 --> 00:23:52,341
Only those under
the mushroom cloud really know.
380
00:23:55,110 --> 00:23:57,813
But the world
will soon find out.
381
00:23:57,813 --> 00:24:03,485
♫ ♫
382
00:24:06,355 --> 00:24:14,262
♫ ♫
383
00:24:14,262 --> 00:24:15,530
The next day,
384
00:24:15,530 --> 00:24:18,166
the Japanese contact the Swiss,
385
00:24:18,166 --> 00:24:20,702
who pass messages
to the Americans,
386
00:24:20,702 --> 00:24:23,605
even as their carriers
launch more raids.
387
00:24:25,374 --> 00:24:29,277
Meanwhile, the Soviet Union
invades Manchuria,
388
00:24:29,277 --> 00:24:32,614
opening another front
Japan can barely defend.
389
00:24:36,618 --> 00:24:40,589
Days go by
as each side deliberates
390
00:24:40,589 --> 00:24:41,723
and translates
391
00:24:41,723 --> 00:24:42,991
and negotiates.
392
00:24:42,991 --> 00:24:50,832
(engines roaring)
393
00:24:50,832 --> 00:24:55,370
♫ ♫
394
00:24:55,370 --> 00:24:58,106
Bombs keep dropping.
395
00:24:58,106 --> 00:24:59,641
On August 13th,
396
00:24:59,641 --> 00:25:03,779
1,000 carrier planes make
their final dive on Tokyo.
397
00:25:07,282 --> 00:25:10,752
In 1942, this would
have been impossible.
398
00:25:10,752 --> 00:25:14,289
♫ ♫
399
00:25:14,289 --> 00:25:16,691
Now it’s unstoppable.
400
00:25:21,029 --> 00:25:24,166
(audio recording in japanese)
401
00:25:24,166 --> 00:25:26,968
A scratchy recording
of a strange voice
402
00:25:26,968 --> 00:25:31,139
goes out over Japanese airwaves.
403
00:25:31,139 --> 00:25:33,542
It’s Emperor Hirohito.
404
00:25:33,542 --> 00:25:36,611
Revered as a distant
god-like figure,
405
00:25:36,611 --> 00:25:38,947
he has never
addressed the public...
406
00:25:38,947 --> 00:25:41,650
Until now.
407
00:25:41,650 --> 00:25:44,085
TRANSLATED: We have decided
to effect a settlement
408
00:25:44,085 --> 00:25:46,121
of the present situation
409
00:25:46,121 --> 00:25:49,157
by resorting
to an extraordinary measure.
410
00:25:49,157 --> 00:25:51,893
NARRATOR: He uses
an archaic Japanese dialect
411
00:25:51,893 --> 00:25:54,629
that few can understand.
412
00:25:54,629 --> 00:25:58,333
But soon,
the news becomes clear.
413
00:25:58,333 --> 00:26:01,503
Japan surrenders.
414
00:26:01,503 --> 00:26:07,476
♫ ♫
415
00:26:07,476 --> 00:26:10,779
The world gasps
in a moment of disbelief...
416
00:26:10,779 --> 00:26:14,716
♫ ♫
417
00:26:14,716 --> 00:26:17,719
ANNOUNCER: ...Coming out
of Tokyo that Emperor Hirohito
418
00:26:17,719 --> 00:26:20,655
has accepted the terms
of surrender as drafted...
419
00:26:20,655 --> 00:26:26,495
♫ ♫
420
00:26:26,495 --> 00:26:29,464
NARRATOR:
Then exhales in relief.
421
00:26:29,464 --> 00:26:48,750
♫ ♫
422
00:26:48,750 --> 00:26:52,954
Navy ships racing toward Japan
begin to coast.
423
00:26:52,954 --> 00:26:58,727
♫ ♫
424
00:26:58,727 --> 00:27:00,862
CHRIS WALKER:
We had our ship loaded,
425
00:27:00,862 --> 00:27:04,232
totally loaded for us to invade.
426
00:27:04,232 --> 00:27:06,501
ROBERT TIPPEN:
We got the message.
427
00:27:06,501 --> 00:27:10,205
I ran up to the bridge where
a good friend was signalman.
428
00:27:10,205 --> 00:27:13,542
He spelled out "war is over."
429
00:27:17,012 --> 00:27:18,213
JAMES REDDING:
The captain announced,
430
00:27:18,213 --> 00:27:20,482
"it’s against naval regulations,
431
00:27:20,482 --> 00:27:23,218
but all hands can lay down
to the scullery
432
00:27:23,218 --> 00:27:24,853
for two cans of beer."
433
00:27:24,853 --> 00:27:36,398
♫ ♫
434
00:27:36,398 --> 00:27:38,033
NARRATOR:
All across the pacific,
435
00:27:38,033 --> 00:27:43,171
men slated for the final assault
get the news of their lives.
436
00:27:46,274 --> 00:27:50,612
STRAUS: I guarantee you
there was a lot of relief.
437
00:27:50,612 --> 00:27:52,180
I don’t know how many of us
would have survived
438
00:27:52,180 --> 00:27:54,149
the invasion of Japan,
439
00:27:54,149 --> 00:27:56,017
but not very many,
I don’t think.
440
00:27:56,017 --> 00:28:01,790
♫ ♫
441
00:28:01,790 --> 00:28:04,626
NARRATOR: In the Philippines,
442
00:28:04,626 --> 00:28:06,461
word slowly gets out.
443
00:28:09,864 --> 00:28:11,399
Serviceman Dan Rocklin
444
00:28:11,399 --> 00:28:14,970
films a nation
slowly rising from its knees.
445
00:28:14,970 --> 00:28:26,815
♫ ♫
446
00:28:26,815 --> 00:28:30,785
From every corner
of their fallen empire,
447
00:28:30,785 --> 00:28:34,055
Japanese who fought
from the shadows
448
00:28:34,055 --> 00:28:36,424
finally emerge into daylight.
449
00:28:40,061 --> 00:28:41,296
JOE RACKLEY:
They started coming in
450
00:28:41,296 --> 00:28:44,666
and putting their rifles down.
451
00:28:44,666 --> 00:28:47,602
That was the end of them.
452
00:28:47,602 --> 00:28:52,540
IITOYO SHOGO: We fell from
heaven to hell overnight.
453
00:28:52,540 --> 00:28:55,276
NARRATOR: Men who spent
the last 3 1/2 years
454
00:28:55,276 --> 00:28:57,779
trying to annihilate each other
455
00:28:57,779 --> 00:29:00,281
are now facing each other.
456
00:29:00,281 --> 00:29:02,584
BILL WALKER: The japs
all came in from the jungle
457
00:29:02,584 --> 00:29:05,487
and gave us their swords.
458
00:29:05,487 --> 00:29:08,723
Of course, all our officers
got the good ones.
459
00:29:10,992 --> 00:29:15,797
NARRATOR: In China, Japanese
troops are herded into boxcars--
460
00:29:15,797 --> 00:29:20,702
a demoralizing start
to their long journey home.
461
00:29:20,702 --> 00:29:24,439
SHOGO: I experienced
the collapse of our nation.
462
00:29:24,439 --> 00:29:26,508
It was really worse than dying.
463
00:29:29,277 --> 00:29:33,114
NARRATOR: In Japan,
there is shock and shame.
464
00:29:37,152 --> 00:29:39,187
KUMAGAYA TOKUICHI:
Nobody truly thought
465
00:29:39,187 --> 00:29:40,755
Japan would lose.
466
00:29:42,257 --> 00:29:44,092
NARRATOR:
Since its ancient beginnings
467
00:29:44,092 --> 00:29:46,127
in the first century,
468
00:29:46,127 --> 00:29:48,797
it has never known
a foreign occupation.
469
00:29:51,800 --> 00:29:53,568
The pride of empire
470
00:29:53,568 --> 00:29:56,538
disintegrates
into a cloud of fear.
471
00:29:56,538 --> 00:30:00,141
♫ ♫
472
00:30:02,944 --> 00:30:07,115
They arrive in white planes--
473
00:30:07,115 --> 00:30:08,817
the color of surrender--
474
00:30:08,817 --> 00:30:12,620
at general macarthur’s
insistence.
475
00:30:12,620 --> 00:30:15,590
He doesn’t want
any mistaken identity.
476
00:30:18,226 --> 00:30:22,063
The rising sun has been replaced
by a green cross.
477
00:30:28,269 --> 00:30:30,605
The Japanese delegation emerges.
478
00:30:32,741 --> 00:30:34,776
They’ve just landed
in the Philippines
479
00:30:34,776 --> 00:30:36,444
to meet with MacArthur.
480
00:30:39,347 --> 00:30:42,817
The future of Japan
is now under negotiation.
481
00:30:45,720 --> 00:30:48,790
MacArthur welcomes
allies of every stripe.
482
00:30:50,759 --> 00:30:53,294
A global array
of military uniforms
483
00:30:53,294 --> 00:30:56,831
marches into Manila.
484
00:30:56,831 --> 00:30:58,566
They will talk all night
485
00:30:58,566 --> 00:31:03,138
over hastily translated
maps and documents.
486
00:31:03,138 --> 00:31:04,672
And they settle on a date
487
00:31:04,672 --> 00:31:09,377
to formally conclude
the pacific war.
488
00:31:09,377 --> 00:31:15,550
♫ ♫
489
00:31:15,550 --> 00:31:19,821
A distant mount fuji
presides over Tokyo bay.
490
00:31:23,258 --> 00:31:28,196
For all the thousands
on board the USS Missouri,
491
00:31:28,196 --> 00:31:31,766
the focus is on one man--
492
00:31:31,766 --> 00:31:36,604
now supreme commander
for the allied powers.
493
00:31:36,604 --> 00:31:38,439
DOUGLAS MACARTHUR:
I had received no instructions
494
00:31:38,439 --> 00:31:42,644
as to what to say or what to do.
495
00:31:42,644 --> 00:31:44,512
I was on my own,
496
00:31:44,512 --> 00:31:46,347
standing on the quarterdeck
497
00:31:46,347 --> 00:31:49,751
with only god and my own
conscience to guide me.
498
00:31:51,653 --> 00:31:56,157
NARRATOR: MacArthur stands to
face the Japanese delegation
499
00:31:56,157 --> 00:31:59,427
and stakes his claim.
500
00:31:59,427 --> 00:32:01,896
MACARTHUR:
I announce it my firm purpose
501
00:32:01,896 --> 00:32:05,433
to proceed in the discharge
of my responsibilities
502
00:32:05,433 --> 00:32:07,302
with justice and tolerance,
503
00:32:07,302 --> 00:32:10,705
to ensure that
the terms of surrender
504
00:32:10,705 --> 00:32:16,110
are fully, promptly,
and faithfully complied with.
505
00:32:17,912 --> 00:32:23,451
NARRATOR: Finally, in the calm
of a sea-salt breeze,
506
00:32:23,451 --> 00:32:28,423
the incessant pounding
of the pacific war ceases
507
00:32:28,423 --> 00:32:32,227
with the quiet scrawls
of solemn signatures.
508
00:32:36,831 --> 00:32:42,370
The ceremony ends
with a ferocious roar--
509
00:32:42,370 --> 00:32:46,341
a flyover of nearly 500 b-29s.
510
00:32:50,778 --> 00:32:54,916
Now both sides
have to make a sudden turn
511
00:32:54,916 --> 00:32:58,553
from combat to cooperation.
512
00:32:58,553 --> 00:33:02,423
A lasting peace in the pacific
is at stake.
513
00:33:07,795 --> 00:33:14,002
♫ ♫
514
00:33:14,002 --> 00:33:16,104
Just weeks earlier,
515
00:33:16,104 --> 00:33:19,340
this was the plan--
516
00:33:19,340 --> 00:33:22,377
an all-out full-force charge
517
00:33:22,377 --> 00:33:26,648
into the drawn swords
of a 2,000-year-old empire.
518
00:33:28,549 --> 00:33:32,420
Instead,
the allies approach unarmed.
519
00:33:32,420 --> 00:33:36,824
♫ ♫
520
00:33:36,824 --> 00:33:39,827
ROY SIMMONS: We didn’t have
any ammunition.
521
00:33:39,827 --> 00:33:43,765
MacArthur did not want
any incidents.
522
00:33:43,765 --> 00:33:45,633
Not one incident.
523
00:33:45,633 --> 00:33:51,339
♫ ♫
524
00:33:51,339 --> 00:33:52,707
NARRATOR: Thousands of troops
525
00:33:52,707 --> 00:33:56,911
pour onto the soil
of their sworn enemy...
526
00:33:56,911 --> 00:33:59,314
Without firing,
527
00:33:59,314 --> 00:34:01,783
without ducking,
528
00:34:01,783 --> 00:34:03,351
without dying.
529
00:34:06,487 --> 00:34:10,525
Japanese disarm themselves
under allied supervision.
530
00:34:12,527 --> 00:34:15,263
Americans look right
into the jaws
531
00:34:15,263 --> 00:34:18,166
of what awaited them.
532
00:34:18,166 --> 00:34:20,435
KILPATRICK:
From the water line to Tokyo,
533
00:34:20,435 --> 00:34:23,071
every yard of it
was entrenched and barricaded
534
00:34:23,071 --> 00:34:26,240
with tunnels and caverns.
535
00:34:26,240 --> 00:34:28,509
It would have been a bloodbath.
536
00:34:30,311 --> 00:34:31,980
NARRATOR:
Americans are fascinated with
537
00:34:31,980 --> 00:34:34,315
the war’s opposing perspective.
538
00:34:35,750 --> 00:34:40,822
They play with guns that were
once aimed at them.
539
00:34:40,822 --> 00:34:42,223
They find a Japanese ship
540
00:34:42,223 --> 00:34:45,960
with allied planes
painted on the side--
541
00:34:45,960 --> 00:34:47,662
a cheat-sheet for gunners.
542
00:34:49,397 --> 00:34:53,768
And one takes a tour
of a Japanese sub.
543
00:34:53,768 --> 00:34:57,005
CHARLES PASE:
I’m sure they hated us.
544
00:34:57,005 --> 00:34:58,539
But some of them
tried to introduce
545
00:34:58,539 --> 00:35:02,410
some sort of
incipient friendship,
546
00:35:02,410 --> 00:35:04,445
as if,
in the back of their minds,
547
00:35:04,445 --> 00:35:07,015
they recognized
that we were humans,
548
00:35:07,015 --> 00:35:08,583
just like they were.
549
00:35:08,583 --> 00:35:14,555
♫ ♫
550
00:35:14,555 --> 00:35:17,392
NARRATOR: The Victors
are now fully ashore.
551
00:35:17,392 --> 00:35:21,396
♫ ♫
552
00:35:21,396 --> 00:35:23,831
Next come the vanquished.
553
00:35:23,831 --> 00:35:32,106
♫ ♫
554
00:35:32,106 --> 00:35:34,208
Seven million Japanese
555
00:35:34,208 --> 00:35:38,646
have been spread across
Asia and the pacific,
556
00:35:38,646 --> 00:35:41,716
fighting for the homeland
they remember.
557
00:35:41,716 --> 00:35:50,925
♫ ♫
558
00:35:50,925 --> 00:35:53,261
Some have been gone for years,
559
00:35:53,261 --> 00:35:56,597
with no idea what their nation
has endured.
560
00:35:56,597 --> 00:36:04,138
♫ ♫
561
00:36:04,138 --> 00:36:06,974
Face masks and a blast of ddt
562
00:36:06,974 --> 00:36:09,577
stave off the import of disease.
563
00:36:12,580 --> 00:36:16,317
But there’s no cure
for the shock of defeat.
564
00:36:18,853 --> 00:36:20,288
Japanese citizens
565
00:36:20,288 --> 00:36:24,759
imagined their enemies
as ruthless barbarians.
566
00:36:24,759 --> 00:36:28,162
Now these foreign armies
are walking among them.
567
00:36:35,470 --> 00:36:37,205
SIMMONS: They turned
their backs to us
568
00:36:37,205 --> 00:36:38,840
and hung their heads.
569
00:36:38,840 --> 00:36:42,443
I asked the interpreter,
"what are they doing?"
570
00:36:42,443 --> 00:36:45,179
And he said,
"that’s the sign of submission."
571
00:36:49,417 --> 00:36:51,319
NARRATOR:
Allies bombed and blockaded
572
00:36:51,319 --> 00:36:55,123
the Japanese into starvation.
573
00:36:55,123 --> 00:36:57,658
Now they unload c-rations.
574
00:36:59,894 --> 00:37:03,231
MACARTHUR: We didn’t intend
to feed them forever.
575
00:37:03,231 --> 00:37:06,200
We needed to make Japan
self-sufficient
576
00:37:06,200 --> 00:37:08,402
as soon as it was
humanly possible.
577
00:37:11,906 --> 00:37:14,442
NARRATOR: This is a tall order.
578
00:37:17,678 --> 00:37:20,848
Much of Japan
is simply not there anymore.
579
00:37:20,848 --> 00:37:24,252
♫ ♫
580
00:37:24,252 --> 00:37:25,987
Tokyo is half gone.
581
00:37:25,987 --> 00:37:36,664
♫ ♫
582
00:37:36,664 --> 00:37:38,566
For mile after mile,
583
00:37:38,566 --> 00:37:41,736
it looks like a forest
clear cut down to stumps.
584
00:37:41,736 --> 00:37:50,645
♫ ♫
585
00:37:50,645 --> 00:37:54,448
Rebuilding is a job too immense
for many to grasp.
586
00:37:57,485 --> 00:38:00,488
So they simply get to it...
587
00:38:00,488 --> 00:38:02,690
With picks...
588
00:38:02,690 --> 00:38:04,559
And shovels...
589
00:38:04,559 --> 00:38:06,127
And bare hands.
590
00:38:08,262 --> 00:38:11,566
In two cities, it’s even worse.
591
00:38:11,566 --> 00:38:15,803
♫ ♫
592
00:38:15,803 --> 00:38:18,506
ART ANDERSON:
We flew directly over Nagasaki.
593
00:38:20,775 --> 00:38:22,042
From ground zero,
594
00:38:22,042 --> 00:38:25,613
everything radiated out
360 degrees.
595
00:38:25,613 --> 00:38:30,451
♫ ♫
596
00:38:30,451 --> 00:38:34,222
JERELL CROW:
We went to Hiroshima.
597
00:38:34,222 --> 00:38:37,158
You can’t imagine.
598
00:38:37,158 --> 00:38:40,761
For miles, there was nothing.
599
00:38:40,761 --> 00:38:42,330
Nothing left.
600
00:38:45,099 --> 00:38:48,803
This city was burned down
to the sidewalks.
601
00:38:48,803 --> 00:38:51,806
♫ ♫
602
00:38:51,806 --> 00:38:54,242
NARRATOR:
But the bomb’s lasting impact
603
00:38:54,242 --> 00:38:57,578
is not in the rubble
of brick and mortar.
604
00:38:57,578 --> 00:39:00,681
It’s in the scars
of mind and body.
605
00:39:00,681 --> 00:39:04,752
♫ ♫
606
00:39:04,752 --> 00:39:08,856
Inside hospitals are injuries
beyond anyone’s training.
607
00:39:08,856 --> 00:39:14,395
♫ ♫
608
00:39:14,395 --> 00:39:17,765
Anyone within half a mile
was instantly scorched.
609
00:39:20,434 --> 00:39:24,472
Two miles away,
skin spontaneously ignited.
610
00:39:24,472 --> 00:39:29,010
♫ ♫
611
00:39:29,010 --> 00:39:33,914
Hiroshima teenager
yamaoka michiko survives,
612
00:39:33,914 --> 00:39:37,218
but then has to endure.
613
00:39:37,218 --> 00:39:39,220
MICHIKO:
People threw stones at me
614
00:39:39,220 --> 00:39:42,356
and called me monster.
615
00:39:42,356 --> 00:39:47,495
Once my mom
tried to choke me to death.
616
00:39:47,495 --> 00:39:51,666
If a girl has a face
you couldn’t be born with,
617
00:39:51,666 --> 00:39:56,304
I understand that even a mother
could want to kill her child.
618
00:39:58,506 --> 00:40:03,311
NARRATOR: In Hiroshima,
few families are intact.
619
00:40:03,311 --> 00:40:07,415
Mourners grieve
at overcrowded cemeteries.
620
00:40:07,415 --> 00:40:10,785
No one knows when or if
621
00:40:10,785 --> 00:40:14,388
a new Japan will emerge
from the atomic shadow.
622
00:40:18,059 --> 00:40:21,562
REUBEN KANDLER: We’d hoped
for this moment for years
623
00:40:21,562 --> 00:40:24,565
and dreamt that one day
it might arrive.
624
00:40:24,565 --> 00:40:28,269
But we’d never known
that it would.
625
00:40:28,269 --> 00:40:32,106
NARRATOR: 140,000 allied
prisoners of war
626
00:40:32,106 --> 00:40:35,076
take their first steps
toward home.
627
00:40:38,045 --> 00:40:41,215
From a pow camp in Thailand,
628
00:40:41,215 --> 00:40:43,517
they board flights to Vietnam.
629
00:40:43,517 --> 00:40:47,288
♫ ♫
630
00:40:47,288 --> 00:40:51,058
An old hotel in Saigon
puts them up,
631
00:40:51,058 --> 00:40:53,127
and it feels like the ritz.
632
00:40:55,696 --> 00:40:57,298
In Singapore,
633
00:40:57,298 --> 00:41:01,302
sikh soldiers from India
come out of captivity.
634
00:41:01,302 --> 00:41:04,338
U.S. troops
salute their freedom.
635
00:41:06,741 --> 00:41:08,809
In the Philippines,
636
00:41:08,809 --> 00:41:12,880
Japan had called
its 90,000 prisoners of war
637
00:41:12,880 --> 00:41:14,782
"guests of the empire."
638
00:41:17,551 --> 00:41:21,188
Now they hitch rides
and join convoys
639
00:41:21,188 --> 00:41:24,158
to carry them away from despair,
640
00:41:24,158 --> 00:41:25,626
toward hope.
641
00:41:25,626 --> 00:41:33,267
♫ ♫
642
00:41:33,267 --> 00:41:35,403
In Japan itself,
643
00:41:35,403 --> 00:41:40,608
36,000 pows have endured
darkness and decay.
644
00:41:40,608 --> 00:41:44,311
♫ ♫
645
00:41:44,311 --> 00:41:46,614
RICHARD WILLIAMS:
We had to carry 90% of them
646
00:41:46,614 --> 00:41:48,916
out on stretchers.
647
00:41:48,916 --> 00:41:52,420
Some of their bones were
sticking through their skin.
648
00:41:54,755 --> 00:41:58,225
NARRATOR: Former captives
flood the streets,
649
00:41:58,225 --> 00:42:00,428
getting their first sips
of freedom...
650
00:42:03,697 --> 00:42:07,568
And their first crack at
the all-you-can-eat mess tent.
651
00:42:07,568 --> 00:42:12,373
♫ ♫
652
00:42:12,373 --> 00:42:15,142
They begin
the long journey home...
653
00:42:17,044 --> 00:42:19,280
Lucky to be alive.
654
00:42:19,280 --> 00:42:24,151
♫ ♫
655
00:42:24,151 --> 00:42:27,254
More than a quarter
of western allied pows
656
00:42:27,254 --> 00:42:29,356
died in captivity.
657
00:42:31,325 --> 00:42:34,995
Japan planned
to execute the rest--
658
00:42:34,995 --> 00:42:36,564
all these men--
659
00:42:36,564 --> 00:42:39,300
once the land invasion began.
660
00:42:42,203 --> 00:42:45,105
Some had dug
their own mass graves.
661
00:42:48,843 --> 00:42:50,244
KANDLER: We talked about
662
00:42:50,244 --> 00:42:54,615
what we were going to do
when we got home...
663
00:42:54,615 --> 00:42:59,220
Who we couldn’t wait to see...
664
00:42:59,220 --> 00:43:02,156
And how all the problems
of normal life
665
00:43:02,156 --> 00:43:05,192
could never bother us again--
666
00:43:05,192 --> 00:43:07,461
not after
what we’d been through.
667
00:43:07,461 --> 00:43:17,872
♫ ♫
668
00:43:17,872 --> 00:43:23,744
REDDING: We picked up over
a thousand military personnel.
669
00:43:23,744 --> 00:43:26,380
The ship was so crowded.
670
00:43:26,380 --> 00:43:29,049
But nobody complained.
671
00:43:29,049 --> 00:43:31,151
We were homeward bound.
672
00:43:32,920 --> 00:43:34,755
NARRATOR: They crave family.
673
00:43:36,223 --> 00:43:39,760
JACK LENT: My mother thought
I had been killed.
674
00:43:39,760 --> 00:43:41,095
When I was in Hawaii,
675
00:43:41,095 --> 00:43:44,265
I called her
and told her I was fine.
676
00:43:44,265 --> 00:43:46,734
Then I hit the bars
and saw the girls.
677
00:43:46,734 --> 00:43:50,471
♫ ♫
678
00:43:50,471 --> 00:43:52,439
NARRATOR:
They crave the familiar.
679
00:43:54,341 --> 00:43:56,343
REDDING:
When we got to San Francisco,
680
00:43:56,343 --> 00:43:59,346
people were throwing flowers.
681
00:43:59,346 --> 00:44:01,315
There was a big sign--
682
00:44:01,315 --> 00:44:02,950
"welcome home."
683
00:44:02,950 --> 00:44:12,126
♫ ♫
684
00:44:12,126 --> 00:44:14,461
NARRATOR:
They crave home cooking.
685
00:44:16,230 --> 00:44:17,498
ARTHUR OWEN: In Tarawa,
686
00:44:17,498 --> 00:44:19,400
we ate nothing
but crushed pineapple
687
00:44:19,400 --> 00:44:22,503
and canned Vienna sausage.
688
00:44:22,503 --> 00:44:26,440
I ate enough Vienna sausage to
make a rope and swing me home.
689
00:44:26,440 --> 00:44:33,047
♫ ♫
690
00:44:33,047 --> 00:44:36,617
NARRATOR:
Finally, they crave normalcy.
691
00:44:36,617 --> 00:44:39,420
KAY CLEMENTSON: The first thing
after I got discharged,
692
00:44:39,420 --> 00:44:41,889
I went straight
to a department store.
693
00:44:41,889 --> 00:44:45,326
I bought me a whole suit
of civilian clothes,
694
00:44:45,326 --> 00:44:47,094
from head to foot.
695
00:44:47,094 --> 00:44:50,130
And I put it on right there.
696
00:44:50,130 --> 00:44:51,932
Maybe I shouldn’t say this,
697
00:44:51,932 --> 00:44:55,302
but I just took my uniform
and dropped it in the garbage
698
00:44:55,302 --> 00:44:57,938
and walked on out.
699
00:44:57,938 --> 00:45:00,040
That was one happy day.
700
00:45:00,040 --> 00:45:01,575
♫ ♫
701
00:45:06,180 --> 00:45:08,182
JOHN RICH:
The trains were running.
702
00:45:11,151 --> 00:45:13,120
And the streetcars were running.
703
00:45:14,388 --> 00:45:16,490
The Japanese were very busy.
704
00:45:18,892 --> 00:45:24,331
NARRATOR: A new Japan begins
to rise out of the rubble.
705
00:45:24,331 --> 00:45:27,001
MacArthur guides the occupation
706
00:45:27,001 --> 00:45:30,137
without appearing
as an overlord.
707
00:45:30,137 --> 00:45:32,039
MACARTHUR:
I advised the Japanese people
708
00:45:32,039 --> 00:45:33,507
to seek a healthy blend
709
00:45:33,507 --> 00:45:37,778
between the best of theirs
and the best of ours.
710
00:45:37,778 --> 00:45:39,747
NARRATOR:
He opens civil liberties...
711
00:45:42,449 --> 00:45:44,451
And religious freedoms
712
00:45:44,451 --> 00:45:47,588
beyond the deep traditions
of shinto and buddhism.
713
00:45:50,357 --> 00:45:54,461
He also floods the country
with ten million free bibles.
714
00:45:54,461 --> 00:45:59,433
♫ ♫
715
00:45:59,433 --> 00:46:03,170
Baseball is already a pastime
both countries enjoy.
716
00:46:05,205 --> 00:46:06,740
Macarthur’s own home movies
717
00:46:06,740 --> 00:46:11,078
capture his wife Jean
taking in a Japanese ballgame.
718
00:46:13,047 --> 00:46:16,083
Once, she even throws out
the first pitch.
719
00:46:19,953 --> 00:46:23,624
The uso reaches its final stage,
720
00:46:23,624 --> 00:46:27,394
with Danny Kaye playing it up
for occupation troops.
721
00:46:27,394 --> 00:46:34,802
♫ ♫
722
00:46:34,802 --> 00:46:36,670
Markets get busier.
723
00:46:36,670 --> 00:46:43,310
♫ ♫
724
00:46:43,310 --> 00:46:45,012
People get friendlier.
725
00:46:45,012 --> 00:46:48,982
♫ ♫
726
00:46:48,982 --> 00:46:51,919
A new openness slowly blossoms.
727
00:46:51,919 --> 00:47:00,294
♫ ♫
728
00:47:00,294 --> 00:47:03,997
MacArthur allows hirohito
to remain emperor.
729
00:47:03,997 --> 00:47:07,000
He goes from recluse
to public figure.
730
00:47:07,000 --> 00:47:11,271
♫ ♫
731
00:47:11,271 --> 00:47:14,007
Kids who would not dare
look him in the eye
732
00:47:14,007 --> 00:47:16,577
now surround him with cheers.
733
00:47:16,577 --> 00:47:21,682
♫ ♫
734
00:47:21,682 --> 00:47:24,885
Here, he makes his first visit
to Hiroshima
735
00:47:24,885 --> 00:47:26,954
to honor the bomb victims.
736
00:47:26,954 --> 00:47:30,491
♫ ♫
737
00:47:30,491 --> 00:47:34,461
It’s December 7, 1947--
738
00:47:34,461 --> 00:47:37,865
exactly six years
after the attack on Pearl Harbor
739
00:47:37,865 --> 00:47:39,933
sparked the pacific war.
740
00:47:39,933 --> 00:47:46,073
♫ ♫
741
00:47:46,073 --> 00:47:48,809
ANNOUNCER:
Japan, the land of Fuji-San,
742
00:47:48,809 --> 00:47:52,379
is one of the most interesting
of all countries to visit.
743
00:47:52,379 --> 00:47:55,015
NARRATOR:
To help the rebuilding effort,
744
00:47:55,015 --> 00:47:57,351
America begins
encouraging travel
745
00:47:57,351 --> 00:47:59,953
to the country it just defeated.
746
00:47:59,953 --> 00:48:03,690
Tourism brings cash
and cultural exchange--
747
00:48:03,690 --> 00:48:05,926
two things they hope
can bring Japan
748
00:48:05,926 --> 00:48:08,996
into the family of free nations.
749
00:48:08,996 --> 00:48:13,767
Travel films promise a land
of exotic sights and sounds.
750
00:48:13,767 --> 00:48:18,438
(singing in japanese)
751
00:48:18,438 --> 00:48:23,510
But with enough western touches
to attract the skittish.
752
00:48:23,510 --> 00:48:27,514
Tourism is the new
post-war propaganda.
753
00:48:27,514 --> 00:48:30,050
The message may be pandering,
754
00:48:30,050 --> 00:48:32,052
but it does hint at the promise.
755
00:48:34,288 --> 00:48:45,632
♫ ♫
756
00:48:45,632 --> 00:48:48,368
From the edges
of a vast ocean...
757
00:48:50,304 --> 00:48:54,107
And from the ashes
of its great cataclysm...
758
00:48:55,375 --> 00:48:58,011
New generations
will begin bridging
759
00:48:58,011 --> 00:48:59,813
the great pacific divide.
760
00:49:02,583 --> 00:49:04,451
But for this generation,
761
00:49:04,451 --> 00:49:07,654
it will never again
be the peaceful sea.
762
00:49:07,654 --> 00:49:14,094
♫ ♫
763
00:49:14,094 --> 00:49:18,899
KOBAYASHI HIROYASU:
I wonder what war is.
764
00:49:18,899 --> 00:49:22,803
I wonder why we did it.
765
00:49:22,803 --> 00:49:27,207
I’m not talking about
victory or loss.
766
00:49:27,207 --> 00:49:32,880
I merely feel heartbroken
for those who died.
767
00:49:32,880 --> 00:49:36,350
However much you’re glorified,
768
00:49:36,350 --> 00:49:39,386
if you’re dead, that’s it.
769
00:49:39,386 --> 00:49:48,161
♫ ♫
770
00:49:48,161 --> 00:49:49,930
GEORGE HAGGERTY:
People always say,
771
00:49:49,930 --> 00:49:51,865
this movie was realistic...
772
00:49:51,865 --> 00:49:56,169
♫ ♫
773
00:49:56,169 --> 00:49:58,472
Or that movie was not.
774
00:50:00,974 --> 00:50:04,111
War is something you don’t get
in any movie.
775
00:50:07,648 --> 00:50:10,684
The pungent odor
of decaying bodies...
776
00:50:14,621 --> 00:50:17,791
The constant clatter
of automatic weapons...
777
00:50:21,128 --> 00:50:23,063
Suspenseful waiting...
778
00:50:26,566 --> 00:50:30,203
Then the impact of
whispering artillery shells...
779
00:50:33,206 --> 00:50:36,243
Screams of the wounded
and dying...
780
00:50:40,714 --> 00:50:43,583
The overwhelming smell
of gunpowder...
781
00:50:43,583 --> 00:50:48,355
♫ ♫
782
00:50:48,355 --> 00:50:51,325
You don’t get any of that
in a movie.
783
00:50:51,325 --> 00:50:56,563
♫ ♫
64911
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