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♪ dramatic music

For some people,
magic's just a fun hobby,

but for me it's
so much more than that.

I've been designing tricks
for so long

that you could name an object,

and I've probably helped
create an effect around it.

But a deck of cards,
that's something special.

Simple, yet adaptable;
familiar and yet mysterious.

It's like the Swiss Army
Knife of magic.

I can't imagine
hitting the stage

without my 52 closest friends.

Maybe it sounds a bit dramatic,
but for me,

a world without cards,

well, it would be like
a world without air.

Hey, everybody! How are ya?

♪ dramatic music

I'm Shawn Farquhar,
and I'm a professional magician.

Please welcome Shawn Farquhar.

Wow. I want you quietly,
just to yourself,

to count the
number of paragraphs

that are on page 64.

This was a lot easier
when I was younger.

I go by the title of

two-time World
Champion of Magic.

The last three words
on that page were like,

William Gottfried Sigmunds.

- Is that right?
- Yes.

I'm the fourth generation in my
family without a real job.

My pages are blank.

There's not even, like,
glass in the glasses.

I just...

And I wouldn't have it
any other way

because it hasn't stopped me
from doing what I love,

which is entertaining people.

And getting a platform
like the Ellen Show,

where I can perform for
millions at a time,

was a dream come true.

I don't know anything about
anything else other than magic.

I started my career as a stage
magician and I loved it.

I performed in shopping centers,
casinos, nightclubs,

small hotels in Las Vegas,
cruise ships.

I did television shows
and it was cool.

Fool us once. Shame on you.

Fool us twice.

Shame on us.

Grand illusion, floating ladies,
stabbing with swords,

and then went into manipulation
style with cards and live birds,

cockatoos, parakeets, and doves.

But I got older and carting
all those boxes hurts my back.

I wanted some way
to do things differently

and so I started switching
my focus to sleight of hand.

2009, I went to Beijing, China,

focused solely on card magic.

I entered the competition
as a card magician,

and I won the World Championship
of Card Magic

and the Grand Prix World
Champion for sleight of hand.

In the end,
I wanted to have my own theater,

so I built this little place
we're sitting in right now.

It's called the Hidden Wonders
Speakeasy Magic Experience.

Hidden Wonders, I feel like I'm
in my perfect environment.

I wanted a place where
I could experiment.

When people
look around my theater,

they'll see black and white photographs,

and props, lots of memorabilia.

And all that stuff is the props
that my mentors gave to me

that I used in my shows
over the years.

I'm kind of carrying on
their traditions.

My dad was a jack of all trades,
master of none.

He was my biggest influence
in magic.

He was more than a magician,

he was a mechanic,
he was a musician.

He could do anything

and he inspired that in me.

Magic allowed me
to go into new schools

all the time

and be able to do something

that was cool, fun,
and different

that none of the other kids
could do.

I'd vomit a deck of cards out of
my mouth and people went,

"Look, he's a geek!"

And they were cool to me.

And so I was less likely
to be beaten up.

So I have this stock line
where I say I learned my numbers

and colors from deck of cards,
and it's absolutely the truth.

They were around me all the time

This isn't magic
that I've just collected,

it's magic that my father,
my grandfather collected.

My mum and dad would hold
them up just like flash cards

and I did my math.

Card tricks big enough that
even in the back of the room,

an audience would be able to see
that this is the king, right?

The queen was a 12,
a king was a 13, jacks were 11,

and my dad would put
two of them together

and I would have to tell them
what the number was.

It's just a baby deck of cards.

But one day it'll grow up to be

I just love a deck of cards.

A lot of people ask me

how many cards do I have in
my house and, at the moment,

somewhere between four and five
thousand decks of cards.

More playing cards from
pretty much around the world.

Every one is different.

I buy pairs,

one that I open to play with,
to feel them and everything

and one I keep sealed.

You might have noticed I've got
more playing cards

on the side there.

Each one is designed for
a specific trick.

I've held a deck of cards
in my hand

pretty much my entire life.

But it was only recently

that I actually started
looking at the designs.

In 2006, a friend of mine,
Steve Beam, wrote a book.

In it, he had a trick called
"The Head Turns Around".

He got up, he said,

"Everybody take out your queens,
put them in this order."

And he made one queen

so it faced the opposite
direction of the rest.

It blew me away.

I asked him and he goes,

"Well, all Queens of Spades

face the opposite direction
of the other ones."

And I was like,
"How did I not know this?"

And then it got me wondering

what other weird things
are there in a deck of cards?

And I started looking.

All this art started to focus me

and now I can't stop
looking at them.

And I want to make more magic
tricks that talk about it.

I'm curious

have you
spent any time

researching the history
of playing cards,

and why they look
the way they do?

Never looked into deep
meaning of the cards.

I'll be honest with you and say

my research
didn't take me very far.

We don't know exactly
what is the history of the card,

perhaps you know?

I don't know much
about the designs

on the court cards,

but I do know they represent
figures from the past.

Kings and queens
throughout history.

When you pick up
a deck of cards,

you see a king and a queen.

This is a direct
link with the Middle Ages,

when every region, every state
was led by a king or a queen.

This was normal.

In some occasions,
they added names to the cards.

For instance, the King of Hearts
was named Charlemagne,

Charles the Great.

These names are meant
as a memento,

as an aid to remember
cards, to identify cards.

So I'm not entirely convinced

they are really portraits
of existing people.

The idea that these
court figures

actually represent real people

I don't think is valid,
quite frankly.

People can make up
stories, of course.

And, you know,
they look at the cards and say,

"Ooh, that must be, you know,
the King of Hearts.

That must be Henry VIII."

There's no real evidence
that this is the case.

If you have a
standardized figure,

it's because it's practical,

not because you want
to represent somebody.

What would you say
if I told you

that hidden in the art of
a standard deck of playing cards

are the clues to a 500 year
old cold case murder mystery.

You know, knowing
that there is a murder

in cards

is just, wow.

The notion that a deck of cards

represents a murder mystery,
yet to be solved.

Well, you've got my attention.

I think it's great.

This is another mystery wrapped

in a riddle and followed
by an enigma.

And... do you want
the polite version?

No!

You are crazy.

Thank you. I am.

We have in our documentary

the director is crazy.

I believe that the court cards
actually represent people.

Yeah, just not the people
that we're told they represent.

But the designs on the
court cards are intentional.

The symbols aren't random.

It's just loaded
with so many little clues.

Oh, well, there's one king
that has a really bad headache,

and I think it might have
something to do

with a sword stuck in his head.

Suicide King is one of the thing
we used to call the guy.

It never struck me as odd
as to why

the King of Hearts

has a... he's stabbing himself
in the head.

When I got to the King of Hearts
I looked at him

and I noticed that he had
two sets of hands.

I said, "That's weird.
All the other kings all have one

"Why is that?"

And then I noticed

that the sleeves
of the king were different.

You can go all the way back
to the 16th century,

and see that the art we have
in modern cards,

is drawn directly

from the ones
that were made back then.

I need to travel, and learn more
the history of playing cards

and their design.

I need to visit friends, magicians,

and tell them about
my discovery, and ask them

about what their favorite
plots are in magic.

Then, I want to take the plots
that they have

and intertwine them all together

to create a new effect
that I'll perform

right where the murder happened.

A routine that
will tell the history

of this 500 year old
cold case murder.

So the whole world can learn

how I think the King of Hearts
really died.

My first stop is Turnhout
in Belgium.

♪ dramatic music

Playing cards are fascinating.

They are very common
daily objects,

but there is a hidden history
behind it.

A fascinating history, telling
about people, the passions

and emotions of people,
about art,

about printing, about technique.

So, it's a world on its own.

It's a mirror of history.

Playing cards
came from the East.

It was introduced
in the past centuries

by tradesmen, by soldiers,
by explorers.

Every region, every country

developed its own
types of cards and games.

But the general idea
is the same.

When we see Chinese cards
or Oriental cards,

they look very strange,

but they are very similar.

They are based on a system
of different suits,

different series
with court cards

and numeral cards.

This type of technique
is documented

by the oldest reference
to playing cards in China,

which dates from 1294,

when gamblers were apprehended
and brought to trial.

China invented paper.

They also invented paper money.

They used to gamble
with these notes

and that was a bit
rough on the notes.

So they decided,

"Well, we'll have to have tokens
to replace these,

because otherwise
we're destroying the money,

which is valuable."

And so they invented
their playing cards,

which are sort of long and thin.

That process of production
went on for centuries.

It's only in the 15th century,

the French card makers

invented a fascinating
suit system

with hearts, diamonds, clubs,
and spades.

It's a system that could be
reproduced easily, cheap,

by stencils.

The effects on the design
have been brought about

by trying to get some kind
of standardized pattern.

You need to recognize your cards
immediately when you play.

Is this a king? Is this a queen?

It helps if the design
is exactly the same

as the design you are used to.

That's why playing cards
are reproduced over centuries,

in even the smallest
details, exactly as they were.

Rouen in France
was a major production center

and it was commercial,
very successful.

They had an economic advantage

and they started to make cards
for exportation.

Here's an example of the King
of Hearts from Rouen in France.

Then when England
got hold of it,

you can still see
the basic outline.

Got the cloak, edges,
hand on the cloak,

and the hand up in the air.

What was originally an ax

has now turned
into something, nothing,

because obviously they
filled out the picture,

and they had to put
it somewhere,

and they pushed it
behind his head.

Another one where
a similar kind of shape.

And then finally one
where he's got a sword,

because somebody redesigned it
and thought,

"What the heck is that
behind his head?

Oh well, it can be a sword."

So you can see that
the figure got bigger

and bigger, and filled up
the card more and more,

changing the design.

It wasn't until the 19th century
that major changes came about.

Like, for example, double-ending

This is a really
great representation

of a double-ended deck.

It is one of the
earliest examples

of double-headed cards.

It's made in Brussels in the
middle of the 18th century.

They cut the design into half
and put the two halves together,

which made play for players
a bit easier.

This is all about
hidden messages.

It looks very ordinary
and respectful,

but when you put a candle

behind the cards,
you could see through the cards.

- Oh, yeah?
- And reveal

something very much...

Look at that.

That's a little naughty.

And no one would ever know

unless they held
them to a candle.

That young lady's doing something

that she shouldn't
be doing to that gentleman.

- And...
- Why not?

Well, that's true,
now I think about it.

Probably just not in public.

I'm sure one of the reasons why

a lot of the early English cards
didn't survive

is that they were
probably destroyed

during the Cromwellian period.

They certainly frowned
on them, the church.

They were the instruments
of the devil.

The nobility,
they could play cards,

they could afford them as well,

and they could gamble
if they felt like it.

And the common people
were not supposed to waste their

time playing cards.

During the 15th century,
there was a move

to make playing cards
more widely enjoyed.

It's a printing press,

and it's the first
printing press

made entirely of metal.

This one is from 1829,

it's a beautiful piece
of equipment.

The inventor of this press
was the Earl of Stanhope

and he gave his design
to the open market.

You could copy it.

He was a great admirer
of freedom of the press.

Everybody should be
able to press something.

And that was it?

That's it.

- That was the pressing of it?
- Yeah.

Okay.

And that at least five
thousand times a day.

Yeah. Five thousand.
That's... hardly a job.

That's awesome. Look at that.

Look at the intricacy
in there, even, and all...

- You see all the details.
- Yeah.

And to imagine that at one point
this was all carved with

tools in the wood by hand.

Yep.

That's...

That is so fast.

- Yeah, maybe too fast.
- Maybe too fast?

Maybe too fast.

Comes from here.

This one's fully-automated.
It's a Heidelberg?

Yes it is.

It was made in Germany in the
beginning of the 20th century,

using a steam engine
to produce movement.

It was called, in Germany,
a "Schnellpresse".

- A speedy press.
- Speedy press.

Yeah.

It could print about a thousand
sheets an hour, or even more.

Wow! And the other one
was 500 to 1000 a day.

That's quite a process.

Yeah, it is.

The speed of this press was good
for in this time.

6000, 8000,
9000 sheets in an hour.

And then I put on this

and then he is printing.

Oh!

Look at that.

So, from the small one
which was 500 in a day,

to 1000 an hour on
the bigger Heidelberg,

to an hour, 6000.

6000 to 8000.

And then you get
this as the result.

Look at that.

That's crazy cool.

The definition in there.

Look at all those
small little details.

Yeah, the details.

Yeah. Yeah.

How perfect is that?

When playing cards were first
made, their backs were blank.

Yes, this is not waste.

You can write your name
and address on it,

an advertisement, a calling
card, you know.

Compose music on the back
of playing cards

like Mozart did.

Really?

He was a very great playing
card enthusiast.

I did not know that.

That's crazy cool.

Playing cards have been
a part of our lives for so long,

it's hard to imagine a world
without them.

Since their introduction
centuries ago,

these unassuming playthings

have traveled the globe,
and become a regular fixture

in the lives of
billions of people.

They've been banned
by churches and kings,

they've been used
to read the future,

and helped make and break
the dreams

of countless gamblers.

♪ dramatic old west music

And sometimes they show up

in unexpected places
and do unexpected jobs.

Like in 1685, in the French
colony we now call Canada,

when cards became the
official currency of the land.

The young nation
was highly dependent on France

for most of their supplies,

and that included
the actual coins

and bills that fueled
the economy.

Sometimes these shipments
got delayed

and the local government, well,

they were forced
to get creative.

Cards were stiff and durable.

And in the days before anything
was printed on the back,

served for many

as the only readily
available source of paper.

Of course, they were also
easy to counterfeit,

which led to other issues.

♪ tense music

A century later,

destitute mothers
in the Netherlands

used cards to keep a bond

with the children
that they, sadly,

could no longer care for.

♪ tense music

An infant left without a card

was one the mother knew
she'd never return for.

But, by leaving
half of a torn card,

she'd leave the door open
for reuniting with her child,

because, together,
the two matching halves

would prove her claim
to parenthood.

♪ tense music

Another example of how playing
cards have been used

to reunite people

occurred during WWII,

when the United States
Playing Card Company

collaborated with the
American Government

to produce a very
special version

of their popular Bicycle deck.

♪ tense music

These cards were
cleverly designed

to help allied soldiers

escape from German
prisoner of war camps.

Although they looked normal,

the cards were actually printed
with an unexpected secret

hidden inside, that could only
be found by peeling them apart.

♪ dramatic music

When the pieces were
arranged properly,

it gave the captives a map
of the surrounding areas,

so they could plan their escapes

A scheme that would ultimately
save an untold numbers of lives.

So, how would we
have gotten by

in a world without cards?

♪ dramatic music

In the late 15th century,
people were largely illiterate,

so painting and other
forms of art,

including playing cards,

were the most effective way

of sharing stories
with the masses.

That's why my Court Card
Conspiracy story

starts with the King of Hearts.

So, let's take a second
to notice

a couple of interesting things
about him.

First, he's the only one
of the four kings

who doesn't have a mustache.

And second, he's the only king
whose suit doesn't appear

all over his outfit.

Instead, he's got these
little symbols.

The lack of a mustache
immediately told me

he was meant to be young.

But what are those
funny little things

that are all over his cloak?

While touring in France,
I discovered a castle

that had been home to kings,

and even Leonardo da Vinci,

in a small town
called Amboise.

I couldn't pass up the chance
to pay a visit,

and as I walked around,

I started seeing these
familiar symbols everywhere.

Then I went and saw
the throne room.

There was the throne,
and there was this big shield,

and it was divided in half.

And half of it was
the fleur de lis

and half was this symbol.

And it wasn't until the airport,

and at the airport
I saw this flag waving,

and the custodian
was sweeping around.

I lifted my feet and I said,

"Excuse me, sir, can you
tell me what that flag is?"

And he goes, "Oh, that's
Brittany. It's the region."

And I was like, "Oh, my God!"

And immediately
my head just, it clicked.

And I got out a deck of cards.
I saw it.

It's all over his cloak.

And it represents the ermine,

a feisty little creature

that's related to the weasel
and the ferret.

Brittany and the ermine
are forever intertwined.

For more than 500 years,

Brittany was an independent
nation bordering on France,

and Brittany adopted the ermine
as its national symbol.

The Ermine of Brittany,

which was one of
the favorite animals

of the Dukes of
Brittany, is a symbolic animal

that is a sign of fidelity,

loyalty and also purity.

So, that got me wondering,

what the ermine symbol was doing
here in Amboise,

hundreds of miles from its
spiritual home in Brittany.

Answering that question
became a bit of an obsession,

but all roads eventually led
back to King Charles VIII,

who ruled France
from this castle

between 1483 and 1498.

So, when Charles came to power
at the age of 13,

his father knew that
he'd be too young to rule.

So, before he died, his father
appointed a guardian,

to make all the big decisions
that governing a nation requires

But it was a choice between
his sister Anne

and his cousin Louis.

Eventually, his sister
became the Regent.

Anne's appointment
as Regent was not a guarantee.

In fact, she had to start
building political alliances

very quickly because Louis

was out to become the Regent.

In fact, he went so far
as to try to kidnap Charles.

He even gathered together
lords of different regions

and went to battle in
what is known as the Mad War.

Louis d'Orléans was
one of the main lords

to oppose Anne de Beaujeu.

Louis D'Orléans

fought side by
side with François II.

He also fought
on the Breton side

against the king of France.

The Mad War would end
just shortly after

Charles comes of age and assumes
all the roles of the throne.

He wins a number
of decisive battles,

and François sees
the writing on the wall

and decides it's time
to surrender.

Charles stipulates
in the surrender

that he'll have a say over

where François' daughters
are married and to whom,

so that he can envelop
Brittany into France.

As the king who finally
brought Brittany

into the fold of France,

he became known
as the King of the Bretons,

even though
the people of Brittany

didn't love him very much,
or at all.

The symbol of the ermine,

the symbol of Brittany,
became his symbol as well.

And that's why when I look
at the King of Hearts,

I think of him as being
the young Charles VIII.

With the 525th anniversary

of Charles' death
only weeks away,

I'm already getting excited

about bringing his story
to life again

in the ancient corridors
where he once walked,

in the only way I know how,

and that's through magic.

Magic can really
transcend language.

It transcends borders,
it transcends age.

Society has grown into the idea

that magic is something
for children.

But it's not just for children,

it's for everybody.

It makes adults become children.

You have to be curious.

You have to be a person

who's willing to be educated,
and to be wrong.

You also have to be brave

because you can be standing
in front of an audience

and fail.

You have to be different.

Traveling the world,
as much as I have, has given me

the incredible opportunity
to meet and trade ideas

with some of the most inventive
minds in the world of magic.

So, as much as I love the home
I've built myself

at Hidden Wonders,

I'd be lying if I said I didn't
miss those late night sessions,

on the road,
with my peers.

That's why,

instead of developing the Court
Card Conspiracy routine

just on my own,

I've decided to bring in
some of the performers

who inspire me the most.

so they can be part
of this journey with me,

and their magic can influence
the path that I'm going to take.

♪ energetic music

How far back
do we have records

of cards being used for magic?

Probably from the very,
very start of playing cards.

Magic is very old,

probably very early on, playing
cards were used by magicians

as an interesting tool
to manipulate, to trick,

to amaze people.

Please welcome the amazing
Richard Turner.

- Well, howdy!
- Howdy!

I love it when the
audience shows up

♪ steel guitar

I'm going to show you something
you never do, John,

something you never do
when you play cards for money.

Never do this.

Never shuffle a deck,
one in each hand,

it makes the other
players nervous.

And John, when they
see you shuffle with one hand,

while you backflip cut
with the other,

they get up and run and you
are left playing solitaire.

People say, "Why do you call
yourself a card mechanic?"

That's the term.
I didn't come up with that.

Auto mechanic fixes a car, a
body mechanic, they fix a death.

I fix a card game.

People think that because
they see someone

do card magic,

they're a threat
at the card table.

That's one of the farthest
things from the truth,

you're playing two different instruments.

That guy would
be the first person

shot in a card game.

I was about seven years old,
and we were very poor,

and we had four things:

A Monopoly, chess set, a checker
set, and a deck of cards

and we played for M&M's.

We would actually five finger
discount the M&M's at the store.

I was the oldest
and I wanted to win,

and I realized just one extra
card gave me an advantage.

I'd sit there and deal out
hand after hand after hand

with four or five players
and start figuring out the odds.

So that's kind of what got my
first interest in gambling moves

When I first started,
I could see

out of the corner of my eye.

I had no macula,

which is the center
part of the retina, was gone.

So if you just picture
wherever you look, there's

a hat in front of your face.

But then as the years went on,
what vision

I did have continued
to degenerate

to where there was nothing left.

So my fingers are like
ten eyeballs.

I don't see things visually,

so I developed my little

individual "perceptors"

that feel
all the elements of a card

to make those cards
do what I want them to do.

In fact, one of the
neuroscientists from Harvard

said I have the most developed
tactile neural network

of anybody on planet Earth,
which is kind of a cool thing.

People come over to our house

and they're always
amazed at my office

because you walk into that room
and there's about 7000

decks of cards.

Over the course of a
two week period

they will build up where
I have a stack of them

by the piano, stack where I sit,
stack of them

by the dinner table,

and other piles
randomly throughout the house.

For the past 50 years,
an average day for me

has been 14 to 16 hours

practicing with a deck of cards.

I'm always doing at least
two things at any given time.

If I'm in the gym working out,
I'm focused on whatever exercise

I'm doing, and the other hand
has the cards going.

I think the art of manipulation
is an art,

a very fine motor skill art.

People are all
living their lives

and they have
all their different

trials, and tribulations,
and family, and work.

And I think magic
is that little piece of escape

where they can revert back
to their younger years

when everything is imagination
and fantasy.

When I'm performing, my goal
is to have them go,

"What did I just see?"

I want them to laugh

and leave in astonishment
beyond comprehension.

I want them
to think to themselves.

"I have no clue what I just saw,

or how what I just saw
was possible."

When it comes
to card magic,

what's your favorite plot?

Back in the early eighties,

I came up with a plot.

My goal was to take a shuffled
deck of cards

let the audience
choose the game,

choose the number of players

and tell me which player
they want me to have

win the hand.

And they can even take the cards
out of my hand

any time they want,

shuffle them up,

and not even give me
back the whole deck.

They can give me
whatever they want

and I'll still make it happen.

That is my plot.

♪ ethereal music

So, I truly love
your choice of plots,

and the Shuffled Deck,

and them being able
to do absolutely anything.

And I know that you incorporate
multiple techniques,

but the one you
incorporate the most

is the second deal, is my guess
for most of the stuff?

You bet.

That's my favorite of all moves,

all sleights,
is the second deal.

It's my weapon
of all my weapons.

I've calculated
right around 5 million times,

I've demonstrated the second
deal or used the second deal

in the course of my show.

So I've done 5 million
second deals.

I love that as you said that
you were doing them.

Oh, yeah, that's subconscious.

I know, but that was great.
It really was.

The idea is to have people
think you didn't do anything

because you didn't get ready.

I'll try to do it
a little slow.

And there's almost no movement
of the top card. See?

It just kind of melts
through the deck.

It looks like you're striking
the top of the deck.

No, my hand's, my thumb's

not going anywhere
near the deck.

Right.

It's just off to the side.

As soon as someone goes up here,
they're busted.

Yeah.

Never going to learn that
in a short period of time.

Your thumb gives the impression

that it's doing it
right from the very top,

but it's not even connecting
until it hits the very edge.

It's that edge.
And it's only a microsecond.

It's five microseconds,
actually, is what we calculated

when it's going across that
median right there,

and then taking the card.

The fingers are down deep enough
to allow two cards to push.

- Oh my God, I just did it.
- Did you do it?

Well, I felt much better
about that one.

With the first part of my
routine now locked in,

it's time to turn my attention
to the next player

in our conspiracy
to kill the king,

namely the Queen of Spades.

Or, as I like to call her,
Anne of Brittany.

Did you learn
anything about Charles VIII

in school?

No. We have never learned
about Charles VIII,

and if I did learn something
about it, I just forgot it.

It comes in one ear, go out,

because it was not
a very important king.

Do you know
Anne of Brittany?

Brittany?

Ah, Bretagne. Anne de Bretagne.

- Anne de Bretagne.
- Anne de Bretagne.

Did you know
she was the only woman

to be Queen of France twice?

- It's true?
- Yeah.

True? [French] That's amazing!

I think it's ironic that
despite all of Charles' efforts

to be an effective king
and to leave his mark on history

he most likely
will be remembered

as Anne of Brittany's husband.

Anne of Brittany was
François II's sole heir.

The Duke of
Brittany wanted to avoid

Anne's marriage
to the king of France,

in order to
maintain her independence.

François II died shortly after

the battle of
Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier.

Anne of Brittany was only eleven

when she was given
the title of Duchess.

Charles and Anne's wedding

took place during the war

and the marriage
was imposed on her.

The relationship
between Anne of Brittany

and Charles VIII
was an antagonistic one.

There was a contract stipulating

she could no
longer officially bear

the title of Duchess of Brittany

for the duration of
Charles VIII's reign.

Anne is clearly defeated,

but this did not prevent her

from fulfilling
her duty towards Charles VIII,

as she went on

to have six
consecutive pregnancies.

Of these pregnancies,

two children died in infancy,

and the others
ended in miscarriages.

Tragically all of Anne's
children with Charles died,

and I believe
they're represented

by the six
ermine she's holding here.

She was expected
to publicly present

as a perfect queen, pious,

and loyal to
her husband, of course.

Anne of Brittany
also could not bear

her husband's indiscretions,

as he continuously
sees other women

while in Italy.

Anne's life in Charles' court

was not joyful.

She was alone.

She spent all her time being
tutored by Charles' sister,

who didn't like her.

And Charles was away
almost all the time

on campaigns.

And when he was at home,

he was basically making her
as a baby factory.

She was having children,

the children, sadly, were dying,
and she was just living a life

of being pregnant
and in despair.

And none of that was likely
to change anytime soon,

were it not for her husband's
unexpected death

under some pretty
silly circumstances.

Over the years, my magic
has become very personal.

And now I talk about my dad and
my grandpa in the show a lot.

So, taking on the story

of a medieval
king as an inspiration,

well, has been a fun way to
flex my creative muscle,

and to rethink my approach
to storytelling.

Really slow...

What did you get?

Oh, the Queen of Spades.

And you got the King of Hearts.

I don't know how that works.

The only thing I know
is that

the King of Hearts

Wow!

and the Queen of Spades
are bad people.

Okay, cool.

Thank you.

Oh, you like...
Oh, wow!

That was so good!

But the real reason
I'm here in London,

is to meet my old friend
Michael Vincent

and I can't wait to see
what he's got in store.

My name is Michael Vincent,

and right now we are in the
British Magic Circle.

This headquarters is the home
for British magicians.

I've been passionate about magic
since I was six years old.

My relationship
with playing cards

is a passionate love affair.

There isn't anything I cannot
achieve with a deck of cards,

you give me a deck of cards,
it could be dog-eared,

it could be beat up,
I can create an effect with it.

My first deck of cards was
a Tally-Ho Circle Back,

red back, my favorite
deck of all time.

It took me several weeks
to save up

my pocket money to buy one deck,

and it was a treasured item,
and I made it last.

I often think

it would be wonderful
to go back to my childhood

and to have that moment
of pure life,

that pure astonishment.

You're transported
out of this normal realm of life

into another sphere
where life becomes exquisite.

And here's a funny thing.

When I decided to study magic,
I gave up the right

to ever have
that experience again,

because I've learned so much
about the subject.

However, it came with
a deep responsibility.

I have now become the architect
of astonishment for my audience,

and it's my duty
to make them feel it.

All right. Okay.

If you look at
the two red jacks,

you notice anything
interesting about one of them?

I believe magic, as an art,

has to begin as a craft.

Do you notice
how the Jack of Hearts

has only got one eye?

- Oh, yeah.
- Right. One-eyed Jack.

At the craft level,
it's not even art yet,

it's just raw material,

and that raw material will be
picked up by someone

who has experienced astonishment.

See, the other Jack
has traveled to the bottom.

But, lets assume we've
mastered level one.

What's level two all about?

You've got to overcome
the fear of performing it

and not getting caught.

This can take several decades.

Third stage, getting it right.

So where the audience don't feel
the presence of technique.

Next stage,
character development,

personality development,

understanding people,

the psychology of human nature.

The great magicians have
mastered all of these levels.

The way my audience
members respond

to my magic is something

that was inspired to me
by Dai Vernon.

Dai Vernon, David Frederick
Wingfield Verner, a magician

from Ottawa, Canada,
who basically revolutionized

the way card magic is done.

I really don't know where
the world of magic would be

if Vernon hadn't changed
the way we do card magic.

A great many people think
that you have to be

the seventh son
of a seventh son

to perform tricks.

As a matter of fact,
when you know how they're done,

some of them are very simple.

And if you spend a little time
practicing, you too can become

a famous magician.

When I think of Dai Vernon,

I have to acknowledge
his influence over all of us.

When I first saw him on video,
he cut a very dashing figure.

And when I saw him
execute magic,

I did not feel the presence
of trickery or sleight of hand.

It looked and felt
as if by magic.

He gave us a powerful reason

to love card magic
in the way that he did.

The first book that
transformed his life

was The Expert
at the Card Table.

He was a young boy when
he got a copy of it.

Vernon took
Expert at the Card Table,

and moved it into
the 20th century,

improving on those techniques.

It's astonishing to think
that this book

about cheating and card tricks

would influence the mind
of a young boy.

As he navigated through life,
that book became his bible.

The techniques of the gambler

were equally as applicable
to great sleight of hand magic.

I believe,
because of Dai Vernon,

more magicians have
probably read this book

than gamblers.

The way he changed magic
was the way he looked at it.

Magicians were always
showing their flair

and all these little techniques,

"Oh, look at how
clever I am."

It's almost like juggling.

And he said
that that wasn't magic.

He wanted it to be
like a gambler,

to be more natural,
more relaxed.

You just be as clear and concise
and hit them with the effect.

He took muddled effects,
cleaned them up

until they were perfect, and
then presented them to the world

and became a legend that
we know today.

Vernon sought gamblers out
across the country.

If he heard about somebody that
could do some new gambling move,

he would hunt them down
and either trick or trade them

into tipping whatever method
they were using.

When I met him in 1989,

we were at the bar
having a drink

and he said to me, "Michael,
always remember this,

perform as often as you can

for many different
kinds of people

because the way laypeople
respond to you and your magic

is going to teach you

everything you need to know
about how they approach life."

Vernon was the last person
I would have expected

to say that to me,

but he gave me
a million dollar lesson.

Some people
respond like children,

as if magic is real.

Some people are slightly
more closed

and you've got to coax them open
just a little bit

until they surrender.

Some people won't let you in.

"Okay, big shot, fool me."

What is the emotional experience

the viewer or the audience
is left with?

So the premise,
chaos versus order,

looks at the randomness
of a shuffled deck.

So the highest arc

of that concept, that premise,

is to take a deck of cards that
has been thoroughly shuffled

and at the end
reveal all the cards

in perfect numerical order.

The more I think about it,

the more I'm convinced that
chaos versus order

is the overriding arc
of all card magic.

That's my favorite
plot of all time.

Triumph.

So, Michael,

when I asked you about a plot,
the first thing you said

really intrigued me,
this idea of order and chaos,

which led into your description
of, you know, Triumph.

I would love to know

what drew you to Triumph
and who the first person you saw

or first read about,

and then what you did to change
it to make it your own.

Christmas Day, 1978,

my mother presents me
with a Christmas present

and it was a hardbound
copy of Stars of Magic.

This was where I
first encountered

Triumph by Dai Vernon.

And I learned the routine
exactly as described

in the book,

and I fooled myself as I did it.

You fooled yourself?
That's awesome!

I thought,
"Wow, what's going on here?"

This routine
impacted me so much.

While I'm talking, I'm going
to illustrate some concepts.

Sure.

When you buy a brand
new deck of cards,

this is how they come directly
from the factory.

- Okay?
- New deck order.

No matter how often a deck
of cards is shuffled,

we don't really know
what happens

to the cards before, during,
or after a given shuffle.

This is why,

when a deck of cards is shuffled

in a manner that
I'm about to show,

we can now have a graphical
illustration of total chaos.

So I'm going to do the shuffle again,

but this time I'm going to use

a style of shuffle
which guarantees

a perfect mixture throughout
the entire deck.

And it's been proven
by no less of an authority

than someone at
Harvard University

that when a deck of cards

is shuffled in a chaotic manner,
at least three times,

we can have a wonderful
graphical illustration.

Look at this.

Look at the condition
of the cards

throughout the entire deck.

It's mixed.

In every type
of scientific experiment,

there's always a control element
to measure the results against.

In a moment, I'm going to turn
my head.

With your right hand I want you
to lift up a bunch of cards.

It could be a small group,
a big group, doesn't matter.

One of two things will happen.

Wherever you cut,
you may see a face down card,

or you may see a face up card.

Doesn't matter. If you see
a face up card remember it.

Okay.

And then turn it over.
Leave it turned over,

put the cards back.

Do the same thing if it's
face down.

Turn it over, leave it turned
over, but remember what it is.

You get the idea?

- Sounds like a plan.
- All right.

This will be our target
for the rest of this experiment.

- Excellent.
- Ok.

I cut,

I look,

I remember,

I replace.

We're good.

- Excellent.
- You're done?

- Yep
- Okay, splendid.

So right now,
I think it'd be fair to say

inside this chaotic mess,

you know roughly
where your card is.

But picture this.

Imagine if I split
the deck in half,

give it a shuffle.

Would it be fair to say you
have no idea where the card is?

Yeah, that'd be fair.

Not only that, you know whether
you turned it over or not.

So, look, imagine if I turn over
a few cards like this.

Would it be fair to say

you have no idea
which way your card is facing?

Don't know now.

So check this out.

If I give the cards,
another shuffle,

given the condition
of the cards right now,

if I could take this deck,

give it one shuffle,

and bring all 52 cards
under complete control,

what would you say to that?

Astonishment.

In all my years
in handling cards,

it actually takes
me two shuffles.

But not only that,

if I cut the deck
at the right spot

and give the cards three cuts,
I can tell you categorically

that every single card
in the deck

is now under complete control.

Really?

But not only that, your card
is now facing the correct way.

What was your card?

The Three of Hearts.

And what we have here is
complete and perfect order,

under complete control.

It's awesome.

Now, this whole concept is
about being lost in the shuffle.

Yeah!

Being lost in the shuffle
is really about

coming to terms with feeling
comfortable with uncertainty.

Do you remember how
we started this conversation?

We started with all the cards
in perfect order.

But then we saw
the beauty of chaos

and the randomness of our

scramble on the table.

Real magic is about feeling
comfortable with uncertainty,

but also addressing
one simple fact

that real chaos in this life

is about the balance, peace,
and perfect harmony

that can be found inside
a deck of cards.

And I can't think of any way

better to end this conversation

than showing you that I saved
the absolute best for last,

and what we have here...

- Okay.
- Perfection.

Perfect reflection.

That's so good.

That's beautiful.

It's really beautiful.

The subtext is life
is supposed to be chaotic.

Creation is supposed
to be chaotic.

It took 4.4 billion years
for the universe to form itself,

and planet Earth,

and an environment
for us to live on,

and all the horrors, dramas,
and genius that have existed.

So this routine...

carries a very subtle message

that chaos is
necessary for life.

So for me,

Triumph has become

the number one
routine in my life

that has allowed me to come
face to face

and accept chaos

as a necessary ally in
my self-development in life.

This card trick has literally
saved my life.

♪ calm piano music

A wild ride.

Michael Vincent,

going to the headquarters
of the Magic Circle.

Very cool

being able to watch
him up close,

shoulder to shoulder
as he presented routines.

And Richard Turner.

This guy is just the best card
technician in the world,

and to be able to watch up close

while he's showing
me stuff was...

There's not another word for it.
It was unbelievable.

Everything has been
unbelievable so far.

Chaos and Order
by Michael Vincent.

What a great place to start.

But I look at it now

and in driving around London
all day today, I realize

it's not the start,
it's the ending.

That, if I can find a way to
take and mix the cards,

and end up with them
all back in new deck order,

that would be epically cool.

Richard Turner's,

he can do anything
with a borrowed

shuffled deck of cards.

I get it because
it's Richard Turner,

but now I feel
that might be the start.

It could literally be
the start of the routine

is to hand the deck of cards to
spectators at Amboise and say,

"Shuffle the cards,
mix them up."

and get them lost
in the shuffle.

And once they're mixed,

then proceed to do
my favorite plot

which is,
you know, Story Deck,

but you can tell
by the hesitation in my voice,

I haven't got a clue
how I'm going to do that yet.

And I still have to learn

Alexandra Duvivier's, what
her plot is,

and I have to learn
Juan Tamariz's

and it'll be the last plot,

days before I have
to do it at Amboise,

so...

Yeah, yeah, I'm...

Yeah, I'm right on track. Yeah.

- Are you from the US?
- No, Canada.

- Canada.
- Yeah. That's why I'm friendly.

I'm sorry.

- Do you guys play cards?
- Yes.

You see,
all these cards are different.

No two cards are the same.
Would you agree?

- Agreed.
- Yes? Would you take out a card

You can have any card
you want to,

just reach in and grab one out.

Show everybody else
it's the Nine of Hearts.

But don't let me know it's
the Nine of Hearts.

So, then there's a choice...

Oh, did you get the Nine of
Hearts? Oh, that's weird. Okay.

I think more than ever,
nowadays, we realize

that we can't
actually trust history

the way history
has been written.

- What did you get?
- King of Hearts.

Oh, you could not have
picked better cards.

That's the King of Hearts.
Am I right?

- It is.
- Oh, it is.

And then this one
is the Queen of Spades.

Am I right? Yeah.

These are the two main character
in a movie we're making.

But not everyone in the
Court Card Conspiracy

has been immortalized
in the decks we use today.

In fact, one conspirator
managed to avoid this honor

despite the key role
he played in our mystery.

The sole account we have

of Charles' death comes from
Philippe de Commines.

De Commines was a writer
and a politician at the end of

the 15th century with strong
ties to the French royal family,

and is regarded as one of the
premier historians of his time.

Here's what he had to say
about Charles' last day.

♪ harpsichord music

April 7th, being the eve
of Palm Sunday,

the king took his queen
by the hand

and led her out of the chamber

to a place where she'd
never been before,

to see others play jeu de paume
in the castle ditch.

They entered into the
Haquelebac Gallery,

known as the nastiest
corner of the castle,

crumbling at its entrance,

and everyone did
piss there that would.

The king, though not a tall man,

knocked his head on
the doorframe as he entered.

Then he spent some time

looking upon the players and
talking freely with everybody.

The last expression
he used while in health

was that he hoped he would never
commit a mortal sin again.

And with those words,
he fell backwards

and lost his speech.

It was around two
when he collapsed

and he lay motionless
until 11 at night.

And everyone went into
the gallery that pleased,

where the king was laid
upon a crude bed

and he never left

until he died,
which was 9 hours later,

in a sordid and filthy place.

♪ foreboding music

History is written
by the victor,

and the victor writes it
to benefit them.

So now we have to

look at historical records
through a different lens.

Things like
de Commines' memoirs

might not have been
the absolute truth.

It is important to consider

how confident we can be

in the accuracy of these stories

as they've been passed down

especially from the 14th,

15th, and 16th centuries

when so little was
actually written down,

and we do realize

that we are
basing our understanding

on the accounts
of people who may have

written these stories many years

after the King's passing.

I find it very
surprising, if not impossible,

to believe
he died from a head trauma.

Why do I think
this is impossible?

The kinetic force
from hitting a door

wouldn't be enough to cause

such a severe
case of head trauma.

For an acute subdural hematoma

there would have to
be a strong kinetic force,

such as from a fall
from over two stories high

or a crash going at
least 30 kilometres an hour.

Personally,

I don't think anybody should
believe what de Commines wrote.

Philippe de
Commines' relationship

to the family is an old one,

but he did not
support Charles VIII's

early political ambitions,

which led to his being captured

and imprisoned in 1487.

The fact
that he told his own story

means that he may
have embellished

or invented some things.

Reading his memoirs,

you get the sense
that he was there

but there is no
evidence attesting

that he was in Amboise

on the day of Charles' death.

He was imprisoned by Charles.

Charles had him imprisoned
in a cage,

and we're using what he
wrote as the facts of the story?

I think the story should be
re-examined.

While I was in France, I decided
to drop by Le Double Fond,

Paris' only dedicated
magic theater,

which just happens to be
co-owned by my good friend,

Alexandra Duvivier.

Look at this.

Merci.

The most important
quality a magician

or an artist should
have is to be curious.

Thank you so much,
and I brought you a little gift.

Because if you are not curious
in your own life,

how would you be interesting
in your magic?

What are you going to say,
what are you going to tell,

what are you going to express,

if you don't
have anything inside?

You need to have
all of your four cards.

So we are going to do...

So yeah, curiosity
is the best thing.

My name is Alexandra Duvivier.

I am the daughter of
Dominique Duvivier,

who is a passionate, gifted
man into magic.

First step is to shuffle
the cards.

From an early age I have seen
my dad working, doing magic.

Now you stop shuffling

and you're going
to cut once your pack.

But I didn't see my dad working.

I saw my dad enjoying, playing.

Then you rip them apart,

you have one pack in each hand.

And that's a luck to see that
when you are a child,

because you understand that,

okay, he's working,
but he's having fun.

You're going to take the three
top cards and you're

going to place them all at once
right in the middle.

I kept asking him,

"Please, show me your trick,
show me your trick."

And he never did.

Now you take the top card,

the top little card, and
you place it against your heart.

I was not born to be a magician.

My dad wouldn't have stand me

being a magician
because he was a magician.

And now this is
my favorite moment.

You're going to exchange

the top card, this little piece,
with someone you don't know yet.

He brought me into
FISM in 1988.

FISM is a great
competition in Holland.

He was performing, and
when I saw 700 people rising,

I was just blown away.

I realized that magic can create
such an emotion.

Starting from that day,

I said to myself,
"I want to do that."

The daisy flower, you know,
he loves me, he loves me not.

So first you say "He loves me.",

so you put the card underneath
and say, "He loves me!"

So you keep it.

He loves me not. Ciao, bello.

It was a challenge having
the same name as my dad,

and being his daughter because
people were expecting more.

She's the daughter so

she's going to be less good.

I feel lighter!

And she's a lady magician.
But I worked.

He loves me!

He loves me not.

What helped me the most was
the advice of my dad,

saying, "You should go
and do tricks

outside, you should perform."

Now you should have one piece
left in your hand,

you have one piece under
your butt or under your heart,

and if it matches,

it means that you will have one
week of pure happiness.

I was so shy

and magic was kind of a therapy.

It's like, if you go towards

things that are
difficult for you,

and magic was
very difficult for me.

My first card trick, very easy,

I have a video of it.

I was eight years old

and I didn't remember
doing that trick.

- Card?
- No.

- What was your card?
- Three of Hearts.

I have learned it to my daughter

- That's so awesome.
- That's great.

So doing shows over
and over again,

Doing table hopping
over and over again,

you have to learn your job.

You have to learn your craft,
and that makes you be braver.

My dad has the oldest magic
shop in the world, 1808.

Being in the shop was so
helpful because when you

show tricks, you have to know
how the trick is done.

If you don't know what you're
talking about,

they will feel it.

And for a coach, it's
really important

that you understand
the process of each trick.

So, having all this information
gives you some knowledge,

because afterwards, you just,
it's like a computer.

You just take
the good information

at the good moment
when you need it.

In magic, what we need
the most is being curious

and being aware,
being aware of everything,

because everything
can be inspiring.

So you are just inspired
by the everyday life.

You read an article
in your newspaper

that's an inspiration.

You dream about one effect.

Let's try to make it for real.

So there are many,
many things that come together,

and that's great because it's
a never ending approach

about learning things
throughout our lives.

Do you remember? What
is it? The 8 of Clubs.

Magic is an art form
that feeds from the other arts.

I have to use psychology,

I have to use
so many other stuff

than just sleight of hands.

We have to be an actor
as well as doing a technician,

and we have to learn our text
as well as doing the trick.

And in the meantime
we have to smile

because we have to
pretend it's easy

what you're doing, and it's not.

There are millions of
tricks already invented

and there are millions to come.

You have so many plots
so you can

make them tell so many things,

but my favorite plot in magic
is the Wild Card.

There are so many plots

that I am a fan of, but Wild
Card is one of my favorites.

I have red cards, only
red cards, except for one,

which is black by itself. Okay.

And you know what?

I put some the reds over there.

I have some more reds over
here, and I have my black card.

And you know that
in French we say that

craziness is contagious.

Yeah, that's it.

So if I just rub one card
onto one another

without any suspicious move,

it prints.

No, but you can go faster
and you can do it like this too.

And this is crazy
because it's working

- It's great.
- I love this.

I love this because, you know,
you can say that

cards are completely normal,
but craziness is coming to you.

So I just put those cards
I didn't do yet.

I've done those, okay.
And I've done those.

I put them aside.

And if I just do this,

I can transform them.

I love it.

And these are more
classical-style

cards so the people know it.

Et voila. Exactly, exactly.

And that's classical.

That's a classical one,
and no more reds.

And you can do whatever you want
and that's so cool

to start from that
and having later on

something more, let's say,

not classical but
something like this you know.

I have here
very special cards.

This is not exactly the case

because I have
some normal cards.

Yep.

And some special cards.

That's the normal cards
and that's a special card.

Let me show you why
they are so special.

Because I have wild cards.

And in a normal deck of cards,
you never have any wild cards,

don't you?

That's not normal.

Everything's fine
until you put a wild card

on a normal card
because you can see it.

That's great.

But if you don't rub it,
nothing happened.

But if you do rub...

- That's very crazy, isn't it?
- Yeah.

You know, you can still
do it like this.

No point, but you know,
or like that, it's very special,

you just have to be careful
that the ink is dry.

But this is, you know, this is.

It's crazy.

You know that nowadays

we don't have time to do things
fully because,

you know, you're zapping
and you don't have time,

so you do things by half
and even by half it's working.

That's great.

You know, and my
very special silk,

even on the silk, if I rub it.

And even on the case.

The special....yeah,
even on the case,

it's working.

Okay, you've given me a
challenge, and I love that.

That's, all of this
is great, but this is...

yeah, um...

really fantastic.

You've really taken
this to a level

far beyond the very first,

you know, versions
going out there.

You can see you've spent
a lot of time on it.

It's, it's crazy good.

I used to do a trick called RSVP
Resealed Verified Pack,

where the cards go back
in new deck order,

and this really goes towards
Michael Vincent's Triumph.

If there's a way I can work

part of something
I already know into it

and flourish it so that
it uses Triumph versus...

my method, but for
a different presentation

that will make that part
a lot easier.

And then from there
I have to be able to...

the term we use is cull.

I have to actually go
through like I'm

looking at the cards, trying
to see the order,

find those cards,

secretly pull them from the deck

and then arrange
them in an order

so that the opening...

My plot's Story Deck,
so I want the whole thing

to be about, you know
telling how our story begins.

Of course, that's the date.

Then I think maybe the age.

Having stuff come in,
like his date, 1498.

So I have to get to the point
where I'm finding the Ace,

but it's got to be this way

because if it looks
that way it looks stupid.

So there's the ace,

that'd be a 14
and it's going to be 98.

So it has to be in that
presentation as I put them down.

At this point, it has to become
more interesting.

Then it's got to go into
why I had the interest in it.

The fact that it didn't
start with the Kings,

so it'd be about
the four Queens.

So, it would be at this, oh...

That went well.

So, there'd be four Queens.
Look!

And the one that
I want isn't there.

That's, that's really good.

So I didn't cull
as well as I thought.

Are you nervous at
all about mistakes like that

happening in front of
a bigger audience?

Yeah, I'm nervous about having
them happen any time,

especially when something like
that takes place,

because I was pretty sure
I got them in position.

And in this casual situation,
now add pressure to it

and the fact that there'll be,
you know,

multiple cameras on me
and human beings watching it

who will not know me.

Yeah, yeah.

Anybody who told you

that that wasn't a pressure
thing is just a liar.

And remember that, one,
we're going to film

until like midnight,
then go for food.

It's going to be two
or three in the morning,

and then you've got us

getting up at stupid o'clock
to fly to get there.

Oh, yeah.

I'm going to be working
on absolutely no sleep.

So, yeah, things
like that are, um...

But I used to have
an expression, I still use it,

pressure makes diamonds,
but it also crushes coal.

Yeah.

Getting to share the Court Card
Conspiracy with Alexandra

was so much fun.

But what I found interesting

was that, for all the weird
twists of the story,

she kept coming back
to the same question.

Why wouldn't they have moved
him up to a bed someplace?

- He's the king, right?
- Well, I don't know.

I'm not a physician.

And here, we are
dealing with a real enigma.

Charles VIII only
had a priest by his side,

so we have to ask ourselves why?

What were the surgeons doing?

What were the doctors
doing during that time?

This is also
something that surprised

a lot of historians

who don't
understand why a French king

wasn't surrounded
by all his doctors

in his room.

What we're
proposing as a hypothesis

is that he had
epileptic seizures.

It is possible
that the idea of epilepsy

was not
well-received at the time.

Suggesting that the king

was possessed by a demon

wouldn't have been possible,

and so he may have
connected the king's death

with the incident in
which he hit his head,

in an attempt
to present his death

to the public in
an acceptable way.

At the time, epilepsy
was not well understood,

that is for certain.

It could be interpreted
as demonic possession

because people
would be seen suddenly

moving brutally in
ways that didn't make sense,

which might explain why nobody

other than those close
to God would go near him

because they could
fight being possessed.

Hence the role of the priest.

We also know that Charles VIII

had a lot of mistresses,

he had a lot of girlfriends.

So, the theory
we're putting forward

to explain Charles VIII's death

is the well-known
sexually transmitted disease,

syphilis.

When Charles VIII
invaded Naples,

there was
a syphilis epidemic there.

What is also certain,

is that a poet
who accompanied the king

to write the story

of his seven invasions of Italy

described that the king
had caught syphilis,

which would
explain why he was weaker

towards the end of his life.

We can then
consider neurosyphilis,

in which case

he could have had
epileptic seizures.

If not receiving adequate care,

one can die quite suddenly.

The theory that Charles
died of syphilis

is a very interesting one, but
I don't think it's the right one

and I think the cards are
telling me something different.

♪ tense music

You would think that
being surrounded

by magic would make me think
that anything is possible.

Yeah!

It's the exact opposite.

I was taught how the
tricks worked.

So instead of instilling
a sense of wonder in me,

it instilled a sense
of skepticism in me.

It made me question everything.

It wasn't until I saw
a Spanish magician

by the name of Juan Tamariz.

He performed,

and for the first
time in my life

I felt like I
was six years of age,

experiencing what I saw on
the faces of other people.

One of the great originals
of magic, Juan Tamariz.

Maestro, so nice
to see you!

Thank you so much
for coming.

Good evening.
- Good evening.

How are you, good?

Aha!

Very good!

You speak Spanish!

A little, a little.

I wanted the best in the world
to be able to talk about why...

No! I am not the best,
I am the most elegant.

Yeah.

You are the most elegant?
That's awesome.

My name is Juan Tamariz.

I've been a magician
since I was a little boy.

I have been a magician

since I was four years old

when my parents
took me to a magic theater

and there was
a magician who took out

fish tanks with
live fish in his hands

So I was born at that time,

until then I didn't exist.

In the stage I'm more myself
than in the life.

The life I'm very shy,

in the stage I can do anything,

then I can sing, I can
do... like this,

and I can do magic that I love.

I'm going to do a special trick.
Can you help me please?

Yes? Oh, thank you very much.

The trick is the most, the
fastest card trick in the world.

Fastest card trick
in the world, right?

I've always
believed that there are

much better magicians than me,

much better.

There are even
more elegant magicians,

which seems
difficult, but there are.

Take this one,
and can you see the card?

You remember the card, and now

every, nobody here can
know the card.

Myself, I cannot know
what is the card. Okay?

But what there isn't,

is a magician
who loves magic more than me.

As much yes, but not more.

Yes it's important thing,
to take one

to show very quickly,
please very quickly

fastest card trick in the world,

you put back again,
and I make something like this.

It's the only card,
this is the top card, ok.

Can you imagine a world

without playing cards?

Are you insane?

- It's crazy!
- I know

It's crazy.

For me the cards have
something very special.

The cards,
I have some cards here.

For 40 years, not a single day

have I been out on the street

without a deck in my pocket.

Without one,
I feel I'm missing something.

It's as if
they took my soul away

and told me to go
out into the street.

No. I have to carry my soul,

I have to carry my deck.

So for me, the relationship
is one of passion,

of eternal love

and will continue to
be for the next 80 years.

Wow!
How good!

Go, go, go, go.

And a card!

I believe that in magic,

each trick has a symbol

that represents
something very powerful;

an impossible
desire that is fulfilled.

When I create
tricks, subconsciously,

there is
a little bit of symbolism

that is projected in the trick

and in the performance.

- Yes?
- Yes.

I believe that all
the arts are quite close

to magic in some way.

Theater represents reality,

but with real people

who are flesh and
blood actors on a stage.

The cinema presents fantasy,

dreams, the impossible,

but with people
who are not real, with images.

On the other hand,

magic has a bit
of a mix of the two,

because it represents
the impossible,

your dreams,

but with real people;

the magician
and their spectators.

That's why magic
enchants everyone,

especially children.

Though not only
to young children,

but also to the inner child

we all have within us

and sometimes
it is wonderful to perform

and see that there
is a three-year-old child

who comes out of
the stomach of a spectator

and greets you.

Your child and
their child greet,

smile at each
other and give a smile,

and send each
other a kiss and a hug,

and that's wonderful.

He approaches magic,
as an actor would.

He talks about how to use
your whole body

to work in unison
and to connect with the audience

to experience magic
in a different way.

The psychology of the human mind

and memory is very fragile,

and one's memory, psychology

and perception are
very easily manipulated

by someone
who knows how to control that.

A spectator is engaged
by the magician,

at the same time look to
distract the attention

of the spectator -

some words that put
the psychology

of the effect
in the mind of the spectator.

The words are very important.

At the same time,
the position of the hands

or the movement of the hands

doing - and now the cards
are going to pass

from here to here.

And this loop is more artistic

than only
from here to here

Oh pardon, excuse me!

So, you have so many plots
to choose from,

I love that you picked
the Rising Card,

why the Rising Card?

I think that is
because a lot of things,

but the first one is because it

up and up, and it means this,
ascension in English?

- Yes?
- Ascension! Yeah.

Ascension is like in religion.

- The ascension of the...
- Christ going to heaven?

It means the glory.

Sure.

What's the most
amazing version you've seen?

I remember

one of the best ones
is the De Kolta Rising Card.

- De Kolta?
- De Kolta.

- Okay.
- Buatier De Kolta.

- Yeah, great inventor of magic.
- Great inventor.

The idea is you put -
it's a table, a long table

and you put a glass here
and a glass here

in this glass you put
the deck of cards inside.

Uh huh.

Vertical position. And you
ask for the card that you see

or the card that you remember,
the chosen card before.

And you stay here, apart.

- And you make a gesture,
- Yeah, the magic move.

And slowly the card goes
up, up, up, up, up.

Until now is like other
rising cards.

But the card go more
and more and more,

more and more and more,

totally free.

- Really? Above the cards.
- Above the cards.

So it's like floating like this.

Floating.

And you say, "Go there".

And the card in the air -

- Moves across?
- Move the card.

And go, go, go, go,
and when it stay in the middle,

you say, "Stop, please".

- And the card stops.
- Just floating.

- Just floating.
- Wow!

And you say, "Second spectator,
what is your card?"

Because it's a different
card, two spectators.

He says "The Seven of Spades"
and this is the Five of Clubs.

And you go [snap],

- and the air it changes!
- Just right there in midair.

Without touching it,
without nothing.

And people are "Woah!"

And you say "Thank you",

and go, go, go, go, go,
enter in the glass.

And then it slowly
went back into the glass?

In the glass.

It enters in the glass
and you finish.

That's crazy!

Well now I have to figure out
some way to incorporate it.

I love Rising Card,
but now I need

to find some way to make it -

it won't be this amazing
because that's incredible.

It's amazing, yes.

That's awesome.
Thank you so much.

We're at the airport in Nantes.

No, I didn't fly here.

We drove here 13 hours
since we started the journey.

They cancelled the plane.

Yesterday was phenomenal,

getting to spend time with
Juan Tamariz was a dream.

I've got less than 24 hours
to prepare for the big day.

And that's at Château d'Amboise.

We still have another drive
and we'll get there.

My date with destiny in Amboise
is only a few days away,

which doesn't give me
a lot of time to integrate

Juan's Rising Card plot

into my tale of Charles' death
before the big premiere.

The speed at which
Anne and Louis

moved to assume power

after Charles passed
was remarkable,

and the regalia for her
coronation process

are represented
in the cards too.

Let's look at
what she's holding.

For every royal coronation,
there are four pieces of regalia

that are key to the ceremony.

The first is the sceptre,
which the Queen is holding.

The second is
the anointing spoon

that the Jack of Spades
is wielding,

and I believe he is
meant to represent Louis.

Next comes this orb,

which represents Christ's
dominion over the earth.

And last but not least, is
the sword known as "Joyeuse"

which dates
back to the 9th century

when it was the personal weapon

of Charlemagne.

There were special clauses

to Anne and Charles' marriage.

One of the clauses
stipulates that

should the king
of France pass away,

Anne of Brittany
would marry his successor.

An important
clause of the marriage

was that if Charles died

the Duchy of
Brittany would return to Anne.

As soon as Charles died,

two days after Charles' death,

Anne had
the Chancellery of Brittany

re-established.

Charles' death left Anne with

the rights and titles
over her duchy once more.

She was once again
able to directly govern

her duchy,

in addition,
she remained the Queen of France

so she was at
the peak of her political power.

And with Charles having left no
ale heir to assume the throne,

that honor now falls
on his closest male relative,

none other than his cousin,
and one-time kidnapper,

Louis d'Orléans.

When Louis became
King, everything changed.

There was a mutual respect

in their way of functioning

which was already
a bit rare at the time.

Louis d'Orléans got to know Anne

when he pursued an alliance

with François II of Brittany.

It's an affectionate relationship

however she still
has the duties of a Queen,

who has to try to have children.

But she's also
in a unique position

because she is
the previous King's widow.

And through
her considerable resources,

she's able to lead
her own life at court

as a patron,

which enables her to travel.

She has true autonomy.

Which marks a huge difference

from Anne of
Brittany's first marriage,

in which she was
entirely at the mercy

of her husband's will.

Presented with the opportunity
to rewrite her destiny,

I believe that Anne was
too smart to let it pass.

and that leads us
to our final clue.

The King of Hearts is the only
court card

with two sets of arms.

And what's even more unusual,

is if you look at the sleeve
of the arm holding the sword

and the one that's
across his chest,

they don't match.

Even stranger,
is that if you look

at the Queen of Spades,
we notice that her sleeve

is a much closer match to the
arm that's killing the king.

♪ harpsichord music

So, given the unlikeliness
of Charles having died

as de Commines tells us,

what other options should
we be considering?

And, should foul play
be among them?

♪ harpsichord music

With a chance to reassert
her independence

and rule France with the man
she loved within easy grasp,

Anne and Louis
surely had a motive

to see Charles removed
from the throne.

It is also not hard to imagine

de Commines would want
to avenge himself

against the royal family,

A family that had
once imprisoned him

in an iron cage.

The solution?

Well, spinning a story

that would benefit
him and his co-conspirators.

♪ tense music

So, maybe Charles
did die from a blow to the head,

but it probably wasn't
as innocent

as the history books tell us

because I think they've had
it wrong this whole time,

and that the clues have
been hidden under our nose

for centuries.

♪ tense music

Hi, everybody.

I'm Shawn Farquhar, and
welcome to Château d'Amboise.

For those that don't know,
I'm a magician.

I've been a magician
all my life,

my mum says when I was born,

the doctor slapped me
and I said, "Pick a card."

It's all I've ever done.

I learned my numbers and
my colors from a deck of cards

and I'm going to share with you
a card trick that I created

and you'll be the first people
to ever see it,

it's the premiere.

And why am I at
Château d'Amboise to perform it?

Because this is the 525th anniversary,

of the death of a French
king - King Charles VIII.

He died right here,
at Château d'Amboise

and I'm going to tell you
the story of his death.

It's not the same as
you've heard in history,

it's better.

I'm going to use a deck
of cards that I created.

There's only 1500 in the world,
and this is 1119.

A brand new deck of cards,
I'll pop it open.

Inside, a deck of cards,

in what is referred to
as new deck order.

They run ace through
king, ace through king,

then the kings meet
in the middle,

king through ace
and king through ace.

In hearts, clubs,
diamonds and spades.

If I were to mix
up the cards,

it might be sleight of hand.

Would you do me a favor?

Would you mix those cards?
Give them a good shuffle.

After you've given them- yeah!

Oh, you're very good at that.
It's excellent.

Would you mind-
Oh that was good! I do that too!

Would you mind passing them
to the lovely lady next to you?

And Miss, would you mind mixing
the cards a little bit, too?

That's excellent.

Now, there's no way
I can keep track

as you're mixing up the cards.

And, sir,

would you be so kind as to

perhaps take the cards
from the lady,

and would you mix them too?

I like that you're showing me
the face. It's very nice.

Do me a favor,

put them behind your back
and give them a little-

that'll be more
difficult for you,

but behind your back will
make it more difficult for me

because now I can't track it.

There's no way I can know
where the cards are

or the position that they're in.

And from this chaos
I will try to create order

and make a magic trick

with a borrowed shuffled
deck of cards.

Oh, would you do me a favor
and give them a cut, too?

Yeah? Perfect.

Thank you very much.

A deck of cards, mixed up.

I will give them a cut too.

I do it with one hand,

this is called showing off.

The cards are now mixed,
and it's time for me

to tell you a little story,
with a simple deck of cards.

My story begins
where this person's story ends.

This is the King of Hearts.

Now, people will tell you
he was the Suicide King

because there's a sword
running through his head.

But I will tell you,
this is not suicide,

this card tells the story
of a murder.

A murder that took place at
Château d'Amboise 525 years ago.

The date, yeah, was 1498.

Yeah, that's when he died.

And he didn't die in battle,

he didn't even die of old age.
In fact, the king was young.

He was just 27 years of age.
27 years of age.

Oh, and what did he look like?
He didn't look like this.

Although this king is young,
you can see he has no mustache.

Our king looked like this.

This is. This is.

Yeah, this is Charles VIII

looking as handsome
as ever.

I'll just put them under there.

How did he die?

He died after watching
a tennis match.

Yeah. Ten - tennis match.

Yeah.

What happened was he
was walking through the stables

and he bumped his head
and he complained that it hurt,

but then he went to
the tennis match.

He watched the tennis game.

After the tennis game
back through the stables.

Then he collapsed
in the stables.

Oh but he didn't die
right away.

In fact it was nine hours.

Nine hours

he lay in the squalor
of the stables before he died.

You got to love that.
Come, look.

Come on! Love
that! It's- okay. It's just-

He left behind a widow.
Aw!

This is the sad
part of the story.

This was the widow.

Her name, of course,
was Anne of Brittany.

Yeah, that's
what she really looks like.

And it wasn't long
before suitors came

offering a hand in marriage.

In fact, it was the
Duke of Orleans,

that's the Duke of Orleans,
the Duke of Orleans came.

He would soon become Louis,
Louis XII.

Yeah, same guy.

What's interesting about it is
he looked a lot like this.

Yeah, that's him, see?

It's an accurate representation.

It's very good.

Interesting enough, there
were more kings in the world.

There was dukes and kings,
all of them together like this.

These three kings
each have their suits.

The diamonds are in his,

the spades are in his, and
the clubs are in his.

But the King of Hearts
has no hearts in his tunic. Why?

Because he was
the King of France

and all of France loved him.

But you'll notice in his hands
there are little tiny images.

These are called ermines

and it was small, like a weasel
or a ferret-like creature

with a beautiful white coat.

And all the kings
and royalty used it,

but none valued it more

than Brittany,

which is why Brittany
assumed it as their logo,

their national symbol,
which is very cool.

Now, these dukes,
they fought in a war

called the Mad War, and
of course, Charles won.

I should get - now I'm
ahead of myself.

Let me explain.

How did I come up
with this idea?

Well, there were these queens.

My friend, Steve Beam,

wrote a book called
Semi-Automatic Card Tricks,

and in it there was a trick
called Turning Heads.

If you look at the queens,

you'll notice these three queens
all face one direction.

But my friend Steve
pointed out that one queen

faced the other direction!

Isn't that crazy? One queen
faces the other direction.

And what's unique
about this queen?

She holds the ermines in her
hand. Do you see that?

There are six
of them in her hand

and she holds a sceptre.

The sceptre is very important

because that is the symbol
of power

and queens didn't hold power.

The queen's job
was to make babies,

which is why the other ones

all just have flowers
in their hands.

But she has a flower and the
ermine, and the sceptre in it,

which is very unique.

I couldn't believe that
these queens

had such importance to me.

In fact, once I heard about it,
I was just,

I was stuck thinking about it.

If I take these three
and I do this with them.

Remember, one, two, and three,
and I mix them.

I'll put them like this
so it's easy.

All I have to do it take a singl
card like that,

rub it against it,

and this one will look like
a Queen of Spades.

If I rub this one like this,

this one will look
like a Queen of Spades.

If I rub like this, this one
looks like a Queen of Spades.

Even this one looks like
a Queen of Spades.

It doesn't matter what I do.

As much as I mix them up,
I keep finding Queens of Spades.

Even when I did this

and I just spread them out

and I just looked for a position

one card would
rise above the rest.

And yes, it's the Queen of Spade

It didn't matter what I did.

Every time I looked,
I kept seeing Anne of Brittany.

All of this drove me
to a passion to continue

to look at research,
to understand.

Because when history is written

it gets mixed up
and people try to sort it out,

and as they're trying to figure
out, historians

sometimes agree
sometimes disagree.

But in the end,

they come up with one story
that they stick to.

This is a mystery for the ages.

You see, history
is just basically two words:

His and Story.

Things can be mixed up.

People can tell a story
and leave parts out.

Oh, we should make a little bit
more of a puzzle out of this,

let me mix some face up
into face down.

You can see this,

they really are beginning
to mix face up into face down.

I will do another one like this
so they mix one more time.

I need someone to help.
Would you help me for a second?

Would you come up and mix
these cards a little bit more?

We need them to be face up
into face down.

So if you give them
another shuffle

just to make sure they really
are mixed up,

face up and face down.

Oh, you shuffle excellent.

We'll take all those cards,
place them back inside the box.

So they're out of the way.

Are you right-handed
or left-handed?

- Right-handed.
- Are you really?

I'd give my left hand to be ambidextrous.

Take this marker
and write your name on the box

where we placed the cards.

- All right.
- Yeah.

Very good. Now let's recap.

That's good.

Hold your hand out
just like that.

Place these here,

place your other hand on top,
trapping them in between.

You're holding the cards.
You're holding the future.

You're also holding the past.

And of course, right now
everything is confused.

But time will come when
everything straightens up

and history will be correct.

The problem is because,
we've lost it in history,

it's hard to retrace

and now that these
cards have been shuffled,

it's even more difficult

to put together the pieces.

But given time,
everything can be found.

In fact, everything can go back
the way it should be.

Open your hand and
take a look.

It's a brand new deck
of cards, sealed.

Still numbered 133.

I'm going to break
the seal.

Inside, a brand new
deck of cards

never touched by human hands.

And if you look,
they are in new deck order.

Oh but look, there are two cards
facing the wrong direction.

That's crazy. This one -

well, that's Charles VIII,
the King of France

and the other one, well
that's her, his murderer.

Anne of Brittany.

Thanks so much for playing.

Thank you very much
for watching, guys.

You guys have been awesome!

So the Queen of Spades
is killing the King of Hearts?

He is.
She's killing him.

Wow.

Well, I'll never look
at the King of Hearts

in the same way again.

I was surprised myself
to just look at my cards.

Look at the court cards. Really?

And French history?
That's cool!

They left clues.

I am going to say something more

In fact, it's a murder
that happened, really,

and I was the murderer.

You were the murderer?
That's awesome.

But don't tell anyone.

Fascinating.

But it's dangerous to be a king
in France, isn't it?

I have no way

of being able to
support this thesis.

We have no
evidence that Charles' death

was anything
other than an accident.

I think it's fantastic.

And the thing is, we don't know
and we will likely never know,

but it doesn't mean
it might not be true.

I firmly believe in my theory,
but should that time come

that somebody were able to
discredit it and prove me wrong,

I don't think I have a big
problem with that

because of the experience
and everything that I've learned

from this experience.

First and foremost,

I learned to look
at a deck of cards differently.

I studied the deck of cards,

and from that I learned a
little of the history of France,

something I never
really understood.

And on the journey I got to see
and renew old friendships,

and share ideas with them,
and create a brand new routine.

It's taught me that I should
look at things differently.

I take too many
things for granted

and now maybe I'll go out there

and look at other things
in a different light.

I just love what I do and I love
sharing it with other people,

and this opportunity
has been that.

Thanks for coming out
to play folks.

We'll see you all again.

♪ intriguing music

As incredible
as it is to consider

how many thousands
of card tricks

have already been created

and how many thousands more
are sure to come,

there's a number

inside each and every deck
that's even more mind boggling.

It's called the 52 factorial.

And to keep things simple,

mathematicians will often
write it out to look like this:

And you'll quickly see why

that exclamation
mark is so appropriate.

When you open a brand
new deck of cards,

you'll find the suits
all laid out.

Ace through King,
Ace through King,

King through Ace,
and King through Ace.

We'll call this combination
number one.

If I swap this Ace and place it
between the Two and the Three,

that's combination number two.

Between the Three and the Four,

combination number three,
and so on and so forth.

Fully expressed,
the number of possible

configurations
in a standard deck of cards

looks something like this.

Now, for comparison, the
universe as we know it

has only been in existence
for about this many minutes.

So if just for fun,
you really did want to shuffle

a deck into every single
possible combination,

how long would it take?

It all starts

with our galaxy, the Milky Way

and the 100 billion stars
that fill it.

Now, let's imagine
that surrounding

each one of these stars
are a trillion planets.

And on each of these planets,
there are a trillion people.

And each one of these people
were somehow

able to shuffle
a thousand decks per second.

And they all single mindedly
have been working on this task

since the Big Bang
made our universe possible

a mere 13 billion years ago.

They'd still today
only be about halfway

through the number of possible

combinations that exist
in just a single deck of cards.

Which is to say,

every time you shuffle
a deck of cards,

the odds are very good

that never
in the history of mankind

has there ever been a deck of
cards in that exact order.

Nor will there ever be.

♪ intriguing music