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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,600 --> 00:00:05,000 Funny sort of feeling marching down to the ships. 2 00:00:05,040 --> 00:00:07,120 We'd done it plenty of times before, of course, 3 00:00:07,160 --> 00:00:09,120 on schemes and that kind of thing. 4 00:00:09,160 --> 00:00:11,160 They didn't tell us this was the big show. 5 00:00:11,200 --> 00:00:13,640 Might have been just another exercise. 6 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:17,720 Some of the chaps cracked gags. They wasn't very comic, but we laughed. 7 00:00:17,760 --> 00:00:20,800 I think we all guessed. The general feeling was, 8 00:00:20,840 --> 00:00:23,360 "OK, if this is it, let's get in there and get it over with." 9 00:00:23,400 --> 00:00:25,400 Waiting always got on my nerves. 10 00:00:25,440 --> 00:00:28,080 Even waiting for a bus. Never could stand it. 11 00:00:28,120 --> 00:00:30,400 Well, after a bit, our ship found its place in the middle 12 00:00:30,440 --> 00:00:34,200 of all the rest of the stuff. And there we stayed for days. 13 00:00:37,920 --> 00:00:40,440 They tell me there was well over 1,000 ships. 14 00:00:40,480 --> 00:00:43,920 But even so, we thought this was just another exercise. 15 00:00:43,960 --> 00:00:48,200 As we continued on, we felt that we'd be turned around, 16 00:00:48,240 --> 00:00:50,280 go back and try again another day. 17 00:00:57,640 --> 00:01:00,960 You are about to embark upon the Great Crusade 18 00:01:01,000 --> 00:01:03,720 toward which we have striven these many months. 19 00:01:03,760 --> 00:01:07,680 The eyes of the world are upon you. The hopes and prayers 20 00:01:07,720 --> 00:01:10,960 of liberty-loving people everywhere march with you. 21 00:01:13,320 --> 00:01:17,280 The invasion of Western Europe has begun. 22 00:01:17,320 --> 00:01:21,360 5:58 in the morning of June 6th, 23 00:01:21,400 --> 00:01:25,520 we dropped the first bombs on Omaha Beach. 24 00:01:25,560 --> 00:01:27,800 The landing craft was ready. 25 00:01:27,840 --> 00:01:29,720 When we did the D-Day landings... 26 00:01:31,160 --> 00:01:33,280 ..chaos. Chaos. 27 00:01:39,920 --> 00:01:42,840 ..is falling down through the sky... 28 00:01:44,640 --> 00:01:46,680 INDISTINCT CHATTER 29 00:01:50,680 --> 00:01:52,560 I have been asked to be the spokesman 30 00:01:52,600 --> 00:01:54,720 for this Allied Expeditionary Force 31 00:01:54,760 --> 00:01:58,360 in saying a word of introduction to what you're about to see. 32 00:01:58,400 --> 00:02:01,920 It is a story of the Nazi defeat on the Western Front. 33 00:02:01,960 --> 00:02:05,600 So far as possible, the editors have made it an account 34 00:02:05,640 --> 00:02:08,640 of the really important men in this campaign. 35 00:02:08,680 --> 00:02:12,640 I mean the enlisted soldiers, sailors and airmen 36 00:02:12,680 --> 00:02:15,920 that fought through every obstacle to victory. 37 00:02:15,960 --> 00:02:18,960 Of course, to tell the whole story would take years. 38 00:02:19,000 --> 00:02:22,960 But the theme would be the same. Teamwork wins wars. 39 00:02:33,600 --> 00:02:35,200 For a few days, Tehran becomes 40 00:02:35,240 --> 00:02:36,840 the centre and focus of the world. 41 00:02:36,880 --> 00:02:38,360 Soon after the war began, 42 00:02:38,400 --> 00:02:40,000 British and Red Army soldiers 43 00:02:40,040 --> 00:02:41,720 joined hands here in Iran. 44 00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:45,000 It was the only land communication we had. It was fitting that 45 00:02:45,040 --> 00:02:48,480 this first meeting of Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin should be here. 46 00:02:48,520 --> 00:02:51,040 Britain's Royal Air Force, Army and Navy were, of course, present 47 00:02:51,080 --> 00:02:54,320 for the staff talks and many other high-ranking staff officers 48 00:02:54,360 --> 00:02:57,240 of all three nations whose business it is to devise the plans 49 00:02:57,280 --> 00:02:59,760 whereby the fighting men may finish the war most quickly. 50 00:02:59,800 --> 00:03:02,680 We are no longer concerned with the question of how to win the war. 51 00:03:02,720 --> 00:03:04,680 The question is how soon? 52 00:03:04,720 --> 00:03:07,440 The declaration by President Roosevelt, 53 00:03:07,480 --> 00:03:09,280 Mr Churchill and Premier Stalin 54 00:03:09,320 --> 00:03:14,880 after last week's Tehran Conferences is published this evening. 55 00:03:14,920 --> 00:03:17,800 Military and diplomatic staffs were there, 56 00:03:17,840 --> 00:03:23,200 and common policy for war and peace was shaped and confirmed. 57 00:03:23,240 --> 00:03:27,680 Complete agreement was reached on the scope and timing of operations 58 00:03:27,720 --> 00:03:31,680 to be undertaken from the east, west and south. 59 00:03:31,720 --> 00:03:34,280 The three leaders approved the plan. 60 00:03:34,320 --> 00:03:36,720 Russian forces advancing from the east 61 00:03:36,760 --> 00:03:40,840 and invasion from the west. And then the date was set. 62 00:03:50,440 --> 00:03:53,600 Now are people bent to the construction of a steel array 63 00:03:53,640 --> 00:03:56,320 and took the builder's hammer in their hands. 64 00:03:56,360 --> 00:04:00,040 It seemed almost as though the sun stood still till our free peoples, 65 00:04:00,080 --> 00:04:02,960 full of rage and power, heaved through the air 66 00:04:03,000 --> 00:04:05,360 the ponderous spear of war. 67 00:04:05,400 --> 00:04:08,320 Of course, we only saw it happening on the wall map. 68 00:04:08,360 --> 00:04:11,080 And yet it was, well, quite real. 69 00:04:11,120 --> 00:04:13,160 When I started there, those markers we used 70 00:04:13,200 --> 00:04:15,600 reminded me of toys out of some children's game. 71 00:04:15,640 --> 00:04:18,920 But soon they became U-boats and ships carrying cargoes, 72 00:04:18,960 --> 00:04:22,480 food and supplies and weapons, and men to use them. 73 00:04:22,520 --> 00:04:25,640 I still remember going down to New Street Station, 74 00:04:25,680 --> 00:04:28,160 to travel down to London 75 00:04:28,200 --> 00:04:30,480 and then on to Colchester, 76 00:04:30,520 --> 00:04:34,360 and I can still remember getting out of the train 77 00:04:34,400 --> 00:04:38,240 and getting into the back of an army vehicle and being taken up 78 00:04:38,280 --> 00:04:41,120 to Gujarat Barracks, 79 00:04:41,160 --> 00:04:44,600 where I done all my training. 80 00:04:44,640 --> 00:04:47,160 Our eyes sought out the place of the assault. 81 00:04:47,200 --> 00:04:50,480 Exits in tidal range marked shallow flushing off. 82 00:04:50,520 --> 00:04:53,840 Sand in the wind cancelled the Belgian coast. 83 00:04:53,880 --> 00:04:55,760 The north Seine beaches were too small 84 00:04:55,800 --> 00:04:57,800 and cliffs barred the approaches. 85 00:04:57,840 --> 00:04:59,520 Cotentin - too narrow. 86 00:04:59,560 --> 00:05:01,760 The Pas-de-Calais heavily defended. 87 00:05:01,800 --> 00:05:05,040 It all resolved on Normandy. 88 00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:16,360 By the dawn's early light, 89 00:05:16,400 --> 00:05:18,960 it assembles for overseas combat. 90 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:21,400 You're on your way, Joe. This is it. 91 00:05:21,440 --> 00:05:23,040 SHIP'S HORN BLASTS 92 00:05:24,520 --> 00:05:26,840 I remember coming over, the worst thing about the trip 93 00:05:26,880 --> 00:05:28,520 was you didn't know where you were going. 94 00:05:28,560 --> 00:05:32,120 Wherever it was, you'd be a stranger, and nobody likes that. 95 00:05:32,160 --> 00:05:34,760 Ship after ship from the New World brings to Britain fresh thousands 96 00:05:34,800 --> 00:05:38,160 of American soldiers to the springboard for invasion. 97 00:05:38,200 --> 00:05:40,560 These little islands that stood alone three years ago 98 00:05:40,600 --> 00:05:42,960 when the darkness descended upon Europe, 99 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:45,320 these little islands now become the barracks, the headquarters 100 00:05:45,360 --> 00:05:49,960 and the advanced supply dump for the re-entry of the continent of Europe. 101 00:05:50,000 --> 00:05:53,920 That ship was loaded from stem to stern with sad sacks. 102 00:05:53,960 --> 00:05:56,400 Around the third day out, things got pally. 103 00:05:56,440 --> 00:05:58,840 Like the fella said, "We're all in the same boat." 104 00:05:58,880 --> 00:06:00,920 Huh! The comic. 105 00:06:00,960 --> 00:06:04,480 Finally we got to Liverpool. They had a band to play us in. 106 00:06:04,520 --> 00:06:06,440 An English army band full of chimes. 107 00:06:06,480 --> 00:06:09,800 I'm Dreaming Of A White Christmas they played. 108 00:06:09,840 --> 00:06:13,000 To tell you the truth, it was pretty corny, but nobody said anything 109 00:06:13,040 --> 00:06:15,680 because, well, you know, it was a nice gesture. 110 00:06:16,840 --> 00:06:20,320 It was my first trip to London and the Houses of Parliament 111 00:06:20,360 --> 00:06:24,240 and Big Ben, but the thing that amused and entertained our boys 112 00:06:24,280 --> 00:06:28,480 who were stationed all over England was Westminster Abbey. 113 00:06:28,520 --> 00:06:32,040 And there were quite a few Americans who came there to see the sights 114 00:06:32,080 --> 00:06:33,880 and see Westminster Abbey. 115 00:06:33,920 --> 00:06:37,360 And these are the scenes that I wanted to photograph 116 00:06:37,400 --> 00:06:39,640 on one Sunday afternoon. 117 00:06:39,680 --> 00:06:42,720 Another area that intrigued me was Marble Arch. 118 00:06:42,760 --> 00:06:48,000 Marble Arch on one Sunday afternoon was full of people. 119 00:06:48,040 --> 00:06:51,920 Already you felt like you were the whole works. You couldn't help it. 120 00:06:51,960 --> 00:06:54,920 But then all over the UK, you'd see things that made you 121 00:06:54,960 --> 00:06:59,120 begin to realise you were just part of a big proposition. 122 00:06:59,160 --> 00:07:00,600 All kinds of things. 123 00:07:00,640 --> 00:07:03,800 In the south west of England, several thousand people have had to 124 00:07:03,840 --> 00:07:06,120 evacuate their homes because the area has been handed over 125 00:07:06,160 --> 00:07:07,760 to the United States Army for the 126 00:07:07,800 --> 00:07:09,400 purpose of invasion rehearsals 127 00:07:09,440 --> 00:07:12,280 and general battle training. 128 00:07:12,320 --> 00:07:15,800 I remember seeing men in uniform, 129 00:07:15,840 --> 00:07:17,840 soldiers for the first time, 130 00:07:17,880 --> 00:07:22,360 and in the village there were soldiers billeted, 131 00:07:22,400 --> 00:07:24,920 and some of them had their families here 132 00:07:24,960 --> 00:07:28,160 and the children went to the village school. 133 00:07:28,200 --> 00:07:31,000 We as kids thought they were great because sweets was rationed. 134 00:07:31,040 --> 00:07:33,720 We hadn't had any sweets worth talking about for ages, 135 00:07:33,760 --> 00:07:35,080 and they were keeping us supplied 136 00:07:35,120 --> 00:07:37,200 with candy and all the rest of it, 137 00:07:37,240 --> 00:07:39,040 and cigarettes at the same time. 138 00:07:39,080 --> 00:07:44,440 I mean, the first thing we knew about it was when the parents 139 00:07:44,480 --> 00:07:47,560 got a letter to say that, um, 140 00:07:47,600 --> 00:07:50,240 we had to leave within six weeks, 141 00:07:50,280 --> 00:07:54,040 and, um, we had to find ourselves somewhere to live. 142 00:07:54,080 --> 00:07:57,480 I mean, we thought it was great going somewhere else. 143 00:07:57,520 --> 00:08:01,600 We thought it was a holiday, I think. Went down to Beeston, 144 00:08:01,640 --> 00:08:07,000 went to stay with an aunt and cousin down there on the farm. 145 00:08:07,040 --> 00:08:11,320 Um, and that was right on the edge of the evacuated area. 146 00:08:11,360 --> 00:08:15,640 A lot of removal lorries and people moving their furniture 147 00:08:15,680 --> 00:08:17,360 and things like that. 148 00:08:17,400 --> 00:08:23,200 The Army were coming in and taking a photograph of us. 149 00:08:23,240 --> 00:08:25,160 They said it was to, uh... 150 00:08:25,200 --> 00:08:29,480 They told me that it was to send back home to show people 151 00:08:29,520 --> 00:08:31,640 what we were doing for them back home. 152 00:08:31,680 --> 00:08:34,280 It is, of course, a real hardship for the people concerned, 153 00:08:34,320 --> 00:08:37,000 but the contribution they're making is equally real. 154 00:08:37,040 --> 00:08:40,040 Everyone has taken it in very good part, though they wouldn't be human 155 00:08:40,080 --> 00:08:42,560 if they didn't feel it pretty tough to be uprooted after years 156 00:08:42,600 --> 00:08:45,160 of residence in their village homes. 157 00:08:45,200 --> 00:08:49,280 I was a pre-med student at Johns Hopkins in civilian life. 158 00:08:49,320 --> 00:08:52,480 Now, I do know a little something about anatomy, 159 00:08:52,520 --> 00:08:55,280 and I say it is scientifically impossible for the human body 160 00:08:55,320 --> 00:08:59,600 to stand up to the training we received. An absolute impossibility. 161 00:08:59,640 --> 00:09:03,000 Muscles and tendons and bone structure was not designed 162 00:09:03,040 --> 00:09:04,720 to withstand that battering. 163 00:09:04,760 --> 00:09:07,960 Don't ask me how it happens that we did stand up to it. 164 00:09:08,000 --> 00:09:10,640 One-man submarines, torpedo boats, Commandos. 165 00:09:10,680 --> 00:09:13,040 We used them all to bring back cups full of sand 166 00:09:13,080 --> 00:09:14,800 from the beaches for analysis. 167 00:09:14,840 --> 00:09:17,760 It had to be quick drying with a solid clay foundation. 168 00:09:17,800 --> 00:09:20,480 It would have to support 30-ton tanks. 169 00:09:20,520 --> 00:09:22,600 I must have photographed nearly every field in France. 170 00:09:22,640 --> 00:09:24,440 Real job, of course, was the Caen area 171 00:09:24,480 --> 00:09:26,280 but I didn't know that, nor did Jerry. 172 00:09:26,320 --> 00:09:29,440 For Britain, this is the 227th week of the war. 173 00:09:29,480 --> 00:09:32,400 We've had some amazing demonstrations of Allied air power, 174 00:09:32,440 --> 00:09:34,440 continuance of the nonstop air offensive 175 00:09:34,480 --> 00:09:36,560 that has now run for nine days and eight nights. 176 00:09:36,600 --> 00:09:39,000 We've had the return with a great deal of publicity 177 00:09:39,040 --> 00:09:41,640 of General Montgomery, something which the average Briton 178 00:09:41,680 --> 00:09:44,880 takes as an unmistakeably clear indication of impending action. 179 00:09:44,920 --> 00:09:47,920 We've also had new statements and new evidence about the final 180 00:09:47,960 --> 00:09:50,080 and extensive preparations now under way for the invasion 181 00:09:50,120 --> 00:09:54,520 of Western Europe. We just didn't realise the seriousness 182 00:09:54,560 --> 00:09:57,800 of what this whole thing was all about. 183 00:10:02,080 --> 00:10:06,200 You are about to embark upon the Great Crusade, 184 00:10:06,240 --> 00:10:08,600 toward which we have striven these many months. 185 00:10:10,840 --> 00:10:12,560 The eyes of the world are upon you. 186 00:10:28,040 --> 00:10:29,480 Well, all they said 187 00:10:29,520 --> 00:10:30,720 at that particular time 188 00:10:30,760 --> 00:10:31,800 is that we were going to do 189 00:10:31,840 --> 00:10:33,080 camouflage work. 190 00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:36,560 All the details of how they were gonna use this and everything else 191 00:10:36,600 --> 00:10:38,040 was never explained to us. 192 00:10:38,080 --> 00:10:41,600 So we learned how to camouflage equipment, 193 00:10:41,640 --> 00:10:46,560 how to make fake equipment, guns, tanks, trucks. 194 00:10:46,600 --> 00:10:50,160 We made it out of wood and we covered it with burlap 195 00:10:50,200 --> 00:10:53,240 and then painted it in camouflage colours. 196 00:10:53,280 --> 00:10:55,400 # What a perfect chance to park 197 00:10:55,440 --> 00:10:58,600 # And there's no moon at all... # 198 00:10:58,640 --> 00:11:01,760 Remember those aggressor tanks that our friend the Lieutenant 199 00:11:01,800 --> 00:11:04,480 told us had just moved into position? They have been known 200 00:11:04,520 --> 00:11:07,920 to fool an observer from as little as 50 yards away. 201 00:11:07,960 --> 00:11:12,240 Such equipment, combined with a few real tanks, gives the aggressor 202 00:11:12,280 --> 00:11:14,560 the appearance of a strong armoured force 203 00:11:14,600 --> 00:11:18,920 at a fraction of the cost in men, material and time. 204 00:11:18,960 --> 00:11:20,920 Light and compact, this equipment 205 00:11:20,960 --> 00:11:22,560 can be shipped around the country 206 00:11:22,600 --> 00:11:23,800 to where it's needed 207 00:11:23,840 --> 00:11:25,280 with a minimum of effort. 208 00:11:25,320 --> 00:11:29,160 We simulated two divisions, two infantry divisions. 209 00:11:29,200 --> 00:11:33,200 We had fake patches on our arms and we pulled into the town, 210 00:11:33,240 --> 00:11:37,560 and what we had with us was radio equipment that broadcast the sounds 211 00:11:37,600 --> 00:11:40,480 of truck movement, trucks and tanks and everything. 212 00:11:40,520 --> 00:11:42,880 So the people didn't know, they couldn't see us, 213 00:11:42,920 --> 00:11:45,240 but they heard all this and they thought, "Oh, my gosh, 214 00:11:45,280 --> 00:11:47,560 "there are a lot of soldiers coming into town." 215 00:11:47,600 --> 00:11:49,080 With the progress of the war, 216 00:11:49,120 --> 00:11:50,640 changes in tactics and technique 217 00:11:50,680 --> 00:11:52,160 have called for changes 218 00:11:52,200 --> 00:11:53,520 and improvement in equipment. 219 00:11:53,560 --> 00:11:56,160 The best loudspeakers for the military requirements 220 00:11:56,200 --> 00:12:00,440 have been developed. Under ideal conditions - over water - 221 00:12:00,480 --> 00:12:04,720 they were found capable of projecting sound for 15 miles. 222 00:12:04,760 --> 00:12:07,040 My parents never knew where I was. 223 00:12:07,080 --> 00:12:10,480 I mean, we weren't able to tell them our location, what we did. 224 00:12:10,520 --> 00:12:11,800 My parents used to say, 225 00:12:11,840 --> 00:12:14,320 "Well, what do you do in this camouflage division?" 226 00:12:14,360 --> 00:12:17,080 And my answer was, "Well, we do camouflage work." 227 00:12:20,320 --> 00:12:23,200 Every day was D-Day for the Air Force. 228 00:12:23,240 --> 00:12:26,920 From dawn to dawn, the sound of aeroplane engines filled the air. 229 00:12:26,960 --> 00:12:30,760 England, now a green and pleasant, unsinkable aircraft carrier, 230 00:12:30,800 --> 00:12:34,440 launched immense fleets of planes to scourge the enemy in Europe, 231 00:12:34,480 --> 00:12:37,400 blow down his factories, tear up his railroads, 232 00:12:37,440 --> 00:12:40,840 explode his ammunition dumps, fight his air force out of the sky, 233 00:12:40,880 --> 00:12:43,760 kill his troops wherever they were to be found. 234 00:12:43,800 --> 00:12:46,920 The 492nd Bomb Group, the Eighth Air Force, 235 00:12:46,960 --> 00:12:50,120 and the OSS Packing Station, under the direction of Shaef, 236 00:12:50,160 --> 00:12:53,840 worked in close cooperation with similar British services 237 00:12:53,880 --> 00:12:56,800 to deliver thousands of tonnes of vital supplies 238 00:12:56,840 --> 00:12:58,840 to enemy occupied countries, 239 00:12:58,880 --> 00:13:03,040 successfully arming, controlling and coordinating the activities 240 00:13:03,080 --> 00:13:06,400 of 350,000 resistance members. 241 00:13:07,600 --> 00:13:11,920 The 492nd Bomb Group alone flew over 3,000 sorties. 242 00:13:11,960 --> 00:13:13,440 Known as the Carpetbagger Group, 243 00:13:13,480 --> 00:13:16,600 they operated from an isolated aerodrome at Harrington, 244 00:13:16,640 --> 00:13:21,000 where a fleet of B-24s took to the air about 15 nights a month, 245 00:13:21,040 --> 00:13:24,360 delivering their cargo of supplies and humans 246 00:13:24,400 --> 00:13:26,720 only during the moon period... 247 00:13:33,560 --> 00:13:37,480 The arsenal of democracy at flood tide as an avalanche of supplies 248 00:13:37,520 --> 00:13:41,360 pours into England, and fateful invasion day nears. 249 00:13:41,400 --> 00:13:43,080 Along the bombed roads of Britain, 250 00:13:43,120 --> 00:13:47,440 the star, now worn not only by American but by all Allied vehicles, 251 00:13:47,480 --> 00:13:50,800 became as familiar as the advertisement for Bass's Ale. 252 00:13:53,360 --> 00:13:55,360 On rubber and steel, the goods of war 253 00:13:55,400 --> 00:13:59,000 roll to dispersal and distribution points throughout Great Britain. 254 00:13:59,040 --> 00:14:01,000 There to be stored against the day of need. 255 00:14:02,440 --> 00:14:03,920 Countless man hours, 256 00:14:03,960 --> 00:14:06,160 tremendous feats of energy and organisation 257 00:14:06,200 --> 00:14:09,040 went into the job of supplying the greatest invasion force 258 00:14:09,080 --> 00:14:13,080 in history. From Allied factories flowed the weapons of freedom. 259 00:14:13,120 --> 00:14:16,600 The vast potential of the American industry was being realised 260 00:14:16,640 --> 00:14:19,400 and added to the output of Great Britain. 261 00:14:19,440 --> 00:14:22,360 Night and day, the vast business of assembly went on 262 00:14:22,400 --> 00:14:25,120 in preparation for the coming attack. 263 00:14:25,160 --> 00:14:27,600 And to carry all this - locomotives, 264 00:14:27,640 --> 00:14:30,520 freight cars for the railway lines on the Continent. 265 00:14:30,560 --> 00:14:32,640 The RAF. Avengers of Warsaw, 266 00:14:32,680 --> 00:14:34,640 Rotterdam, Coventry, London 267 00:14:34,680 --> 00:14:36,080 penetrated night after night 268 00:14:36,120 --> 00:14:37,840 through the dark weather over Europe 269 00:14:37,880 --> 00:14:39,640 to pound the strategic factories 270 00:14:39,680 --> 00:14:41,160 and concentration points 271 00:14:41,200 --> 00:14:43,000 of Hitler's empire - 272 00:14:43,040 --> 00:14:46,760 the aircraft factories, the munition works, the truck assembly plants, 273 00:14:46,800 --> 00:14:49,880 the power plants. Munich, Hamburg, 274 00:14:49,920 --> 00:14:52,440 Cologne, Nuremberg, Brunswick, 275 00:14:52,480 --> 00:14:55,840 Frankfurt, Hanover, Essen, Berlin... 276 00:14:58,400 --> 00:15:01,440 We had Polish, French, Czechs, all sorts in our outfit. 277 00:15:01,480 --> 00:15:03,760 They'd natter away in the mess about what they'd been up to. 278 00:15:03,800 --> 00:15:07,240 The only word you could ever make out was "marshalling yards". 279 00:15:07,280 --> 00:15:10,120 The disruption of the German supply line is a major factor 280 00:15:10,160 --> 00:15:12,200 in the defeat of the enemy. 281 00:15:12,240 --> 00:15:15,280 Pictures show Allied strafing planes in action, 282 00:15:15,320 --> 00:15:18,080 choking last minute efforts by the Germans to bring supplies 283 00:15:18,120 --> 00:15:20,640 and reinforcements into the battle area. 284 00:15:20,680 --> 00:15:24,080 Gunsight aiming point cameras record fighter activity over Europe, 285 00:15:24,120 --> 00:15:27,960 trains, railroad marshalling yards, motor transport and inland waterways 286 00:15:28,000 --> 00:15:30,040 in France... 287 00:15:30,080 --> 00:15:33,160 Us bombardiers seemed to do nothing but look down on French bridges 288 00:15:33,200 --> 00:15:35,320 those days. We used to ask each other, 289 00:15:35,360 --> 00:15:37,640 "Have you cut any good bridges lately?" Well, finally there was 290 00:15:37,680 --> 00:15:39,040 only one whole railway bridge left 291 00:15:39,080 --> 00:15:41,200 over the Seine between Paris and the sea. 292 00:15:50,760 --> 00:15:52,160 Each week at this time, 293 00:15:52,200 --> 00:15:53,720 the National Broadcasting Company 294 00:15:53,760 --> 00:15:55,120 presents War Telescope, 295 00:15:55,160 --> 00:15:56,480 a weekly report on the war 296 00:15:56,520 --> 00:15:58,560 as seen by NBC's reporter 297 00:15:58,600 --> 00:16:00,360 John MacVane in London. 298 00:16:00,400 --> 00:16:03,560 A little while ago, one of the many invasion exercises 299 00:16:03,600 --> 00:16:05,720 was taking place on the coast of Britain. 300 00:16:05,760 --> 00:16:07,920 Everything had been carefully planned. 301 00:16:07,960 --> 00:16:10,800 The three services - Army, Navy and Air Force - 302 00:16:10,840 --> 00:16:12,840 of two nations were involved. 303 00:16:12,880 --> 00:16:16,640 The larger landing craft, LSTs and LCIs, 304 00:16:16,680 --> 00:16:18,400 carried out their manoeuvres, 305 00:16:18,440 --> 00:16:22,360 learning to land at a given spot at a certain time. 306 00:16:22,400 --> 00:16:24,720 Just as a group of landing craft approached the shore, 307 00:16:24,760 --> 00:16:27,640 the weather changed, the sun disappeared, 308 00:16:27,680 --> 00:16:30,400 and one of those quick sea fogs enveloped the landing craft 309 00:16:30,440 --> 00:16:31,880 and the beaches, 310 00:16:31,920 --> 00:16:35,400 the troops making the mock attack, and the troops guarding the shore. 311 00:16:35,440 --> 00:16:38,280 In one invasion craft some soldiers, 312 00:16:38,320 --> 00:16:42,040 weird figures in their Mae West life belts, were huddled together, 313 00:16:42,080 --> 00:16:45,000 waiting for the moment that the boat touched shore. 314 00:16:45,040 --> 00:16:48,760 Endlessly, manoeuvres and training are turning the English countryside 315 00:16:48,800 --> 00:16:52,400 into a stage for the greatest military dress rehearsal in history. 316 00:16:52,440 --> 00:16:57,560 We were sent into a staging area which was sealed off. 317 00:16:57,600 --> 00:17:01,880 We were in a double barbed wire enclosure, 318 00:17:01,920 --> 00:17:06,120 which only a few people with necessity could get in or out. 319 00:17:06,160 --> 00:17:11,880 We weren't allowed to wander around the area by ourselves. 320 00:17:11,920 --> 00:17:13,800 Each crossroad point was under guard 321 00:17:13,840 --> 00:17:17,800 of both an American and a British soldier, and if they wanted to see 322 00:17:17,840 --> 00:17:20,560 what you had in your bedroll, you had to show it to them. 323 00:17:20,600 --> 00:17:22,200 But this is the care that was taken 324 00:17:22,240 --> 00:17:25,360 that the secret of the invasion be kept as long as it could. 325 00:17:27,920 --> 00:17:30,320 Sherman DD, shown here entering the water, 326 00:17:30,360 --> 00:17:31,880 is a standard US medium tank, 327 00:17:31,920 --> 00:17:33,280 modified to enable it to float 328 00:17:33,320 --> 00:17:35,600 and manoeuvre about in any depth of water. 329 00:17:35,640 --> 00:17:37,960 On reaching shore, the canvas side walls can be dropped 330 00:17:38,000 --> 00:17:42,040 and the main armament of the tank brought into immediate action. 331 00:17:42,080 --> 00:17:44,920 The canvas side walls are raised by means of compressed air, 332 00:17:44,960 --> 00:17:46,360 which enters rubber tubes 333 00:17:46,400 --> 00:17:48,920 spaced equally about the inner side canvas walls. 334 00:17:55,320 --> 00:17:57,560 Through all the days of preparation, 335 00:17:57,600 --> 00:17:59,800 Allied planes, thousands of them, 336 00:17:59,840 --> 00:18:04,040 continued to soften enemy defences and communications in daily raids. 337 00:18:05,840 --> 00:18:07,240 As the hour drew nearer, 338 00:18:07,280 --> 00:18:09,640 the Air Force stepped up its attack. 339 00:18:09,680 --> 00:18:13,240 The target was the invasion coast and the country just beyond it. 340 00:18:14,400 --> 00:18:17,800 Mustangs flown by the Poles who fought in the Battle of Britain. 341 00:18:23,760 --> 00:18:27,080 Medium bombers flown by the Lorraine Squadron of the Free French 342 00:18:27,120 --> 00:18:29,360 revisiting their native land daily. 343 00:18:35,400 --> 00:18:39,200 Mitchells flown by men of the British Commonwealth. 344 00:18:44,680 --> 00:18:46,160 Marauders flown by Americans 345 00:18:46,200 --> 00:18:48,800 who'd fought against Rommel's Air Force in Libya. 346 00:18:50,480 --> 00:18:53,320 Darting in low over the Channel to rock the German Army 347 00:18:53,360 --> 00:18:56,760 back on its heels before it could set itself for the final assault. 348 00:19:15,200 --> 00:19:19,560 They were going to have a rehearsal for the D-Day landing. 349 00:19:19,600 --> 00:19:22,720 The officers told us that we could never say anything about it 350 00:19:22,760 --> 00:19:24,600 because it was all simulated. 351 00:19:24,640 --> 00:19:27,960 I was put on an LST to land with them. 352 00:19:28,000 --> 00:19:32,400 And an LST is a 300-foot-long, flat-bottom boat 353 00:19:32,440 --> 00:19:37,960 that we were sailing down the coast at night. 354 00:19:38,000 --> 00:19:40,240 They didn't have enough guards out 355 00:19:40,280 --> 00:19:42,800 and some German E-boats 356 00:19:42,840 --> 00:19:45,000 saw a target of opportunity. 357 00:19:48,720 --> 00:19:52,000 They blew up one LST that I knew about. 358 00:19:52,040 --> 00:19:57,280 I was close enough that the concussion almost knocked me down. 359 00:19:57,320 --> 00:20:00,360 Well, we landed on Slapton Sands, 360 00:20:00,400 --> 00:20:03,520 and it was a mess like you never saw. 361 00:20:03,560 --> 00:20:05,640 Everything was going the wrong way. 362 00:20:05,680 --> 00:20:08,000 Many of the people that were supposed to be on the beach 363 00:20:08,040 --> 00:20:11,520 directing traffic and that were already killed. 364 00:20:11,560 --> 00:20:15,800 There were 1,500 people killed in that ambush. 365 00:20:15,840 --> 00:20:19,840 They buried them all in a mass grave - it just didn't happen. 366 00:20:19,880 --> 00:20:23,920 It took 40 years before the Army admitted it happened, 367 00:20:23,960 --> 00:20:28,200 and it was 60 years before they ever really published. 368 00:20:36,600 --> 00:20:39,320 The time had come for the final rehearsal. 369 00:20:50,440 --> 00:20:53,080 The men who climb onto the beaches of the continent 370 00:20:53,120 --> 00:20:54,840 and fall upon the entrenched enemy 371 00:20:54,880 --> 00:20:58,680 are rehearsed, practised and trained to the last detail. 372 00:20:58,720 --> 00:21:02,280 These men who have come from so many countries and speak so many tongues, 373 00:21:02,320 --> 00:21:06,280 gathered together in Great Britain to form this vast allied army 374 00:21:06,320 --> 00:21:08,880 and trained alongside their British comrades 375 00:21:08,920 --> 00:21:12,480 from the hills and woods of Devon to the Highlands of Scotland. 376 00:21:12,520 --> 00:21:15,120 These men have learned how to make a bed the army way, 377 00:21:15,160 --> 00:21:18,440 how to clean a rifle, how to read a map and fire a mortar, 378 00:21:18,480 --> 00:21:21,120 how to drive a tank or a mule. 379 00:21:21,160 --> 00:21:24,080 Some of these men had fought the German in Africa. 380 00:21:24,120 --> 00:21:27,280 And some of them had left their friends in graves 381 00:21:27,320 --> 00:21:30,920 at Alamein, Kasserine, Mareth and outside Bizerte. 382 00:21:32,680 --> 00:21:36,640 And now they learn how to crack the wall of German Europe. 383 00:21:45,080 --> 00:21:47,720 England. June 1944. 384 00:21:49,680 --> 00:21:52,120 The men of the armies march toward the southern ports. 385 00:21:54,280 --> 00:21:56,280 Equipment rolled down the road. 386 00:21:57,680 --> 00:22:00,160 Men and machines took their places 387 00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:01,640 in the waiting ships. 388 00:22:01,680 --> 00:22:04,000 Down in the late spring, through the wounded towns of England 389 00:22:04,040 --> 00:22:06,040 moved the mass made by our patience. 390 00:22:06,080 --> 00:22:09,640 Two precious years of plans were put away. The offices were empty. 391 00:22:09,680 --> 00:22:11,720 All the maps were rolled up on the walls. 392 00:22:11,760 --> 00:22:14,000 What had been paper at last had come alive. 393 00:22:14,040 --> 00:22:17,560 Across the Channel, aware of our resolve with cold contempt, 394 00:22:17,600 --> 00:22:19,560 the Germans stood beside their guns 395 00:22:19,600 --> 00:22:21,880 and reinforcements rumbled from the Rhine. 396 00:22:21,920 --> 00:22:25,080 Their generals were prepared. Their might was poised. 397 00:22:25,120 --> 00:22:27,880 They looked across the heaving sea and grinned. 398 00:22:27,920 --> 00:22:30,400 They would reap harvest of us on the beaches. 399 00:22:30,440 --> 00:22:32,680 And even death himself would stand amazed. 400 00:22:32,720 --> 00:22:36,520 Yet faint across the groaning of the sea came the thin thunder 401 00:22:36,560 --> 00:22:40,000 of a massive power. Drawn from the great free peoples of the Earth, 402 00:22:40,040 --> 00:22:42,640 it gathered in the ancient ports of England 403 00:22:42,680 --> 00:22:45,040 to crowd upon the steel encumbered ships. 404 00:22:45,080 --> 00:22:48,240 It was a funny sort of feeling, marching down to the ships. 405 00:22:48,280 --> 00:22:50,880 We'd done it plenty of times before, of course, on schemes 406 00:22:50,920 --> 00:22:54,120 and that kind of thing. They didn't tell us this was the big show. 407 00:22:54,160 --> 00:22:56,800 Might have been just another exercise. 408 00:22:56,840 --> 00:23:00,960 Some of the chaps cracked gags. They wasn't very comic, but we laughed. 409 00:23:01,000 --> 00:23:03,240 I think we all guessed. 410 00:23:03,280 --> 00:23:05,920 We all marched up to the landing craft. 411 00:23:08,280 --> 00:23:11,600 They gave us the final briefing then. We knew what to do and how. 412 00:23:11,640 --> 00:23:14,960 They told us where and when. That's a briefing. 413 00:23:15,000 --> 00:23:18,840 I listened to every word, wrote it down in my head like a record 414 00:23:18,880 --> 00:23:21,080 that kept playing over and over again. 415 00:23:21,120 --> 00:23:22,720 Piece of beach in the morning. 416 00:23:23,960 --> 00:23:27,880 Ever since I became a soldier, they were getting me ready for this. 417 00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:31,960 Before, there had been time in front of me, protecting me. 418 00:23:32,000 --> 00:23:35,160 Now that time had worn away, 419 00:23:35,200 --> 00:23:38,480 I tried to imagine how much fear I would have, you know, 420 00:23:38,520 --> 00:23:40,720 to keep me from doing my job. 421 00:23:40,760 --> 00:23:43,560 I suppose everybody else was wondering the same thing. 422 00:23:45,800 --> 00:23:46,960 The general feeling was, 423 00:23:47,000 --> 00:23:49,680 "OK, if this is it, let's get in there and get it over with." 424 00:23:49,720 --> 00:23:51,480 Waiting always got on my nerves. 425 00:23:51,520 --> 00:23:53,920 Even waiting for a bus. Never could stand it. 426 00:23:53,960 --> 00:23:56,400 Well, after a bit, our ship found its place in the middle 427 00:23:56,440 --> 00:24:00,400 of all the rest of the stuff. And there we stayed for days. 428 00:24:00,440 --> 00:24:02,680 Then a voice on the loudspeaker said, 429 00:24:02,720 --> 00:24:04,960 "Men who wish to take their anti seasick pills 430 00:24:05,000 --> 00:24:08,080 "should take the first one now." That did it. 431 00:24:15,760 --> 00:24:17,640 The picture we're about to see 432 00:24:17,680 --> 00:24:20,520 is as important a film document 433 00:24:20,560 --> 00:24:23,120 that was ever made by the Air Force. 434 00:24:23,160 --> 00:24:26,320 In graphic detail it reveals the operation... 435 00:24:28,160 --> 00:24:31,880 "What's your name, soldier?" He says. "Where's your hometown? 436 00:24:31,920 --> 00:24:34,000 "Who's the toughest man in the outfit?" 437 00:24:34,040 --> 00:24:38,760 We told him we'd give him the answer to that last one when we got back. 438 00:24:38,800 --> 00:24:42,720 He inspected a few of the boys who really have to be tough. 439 00:24:42,760 --> 00:24:44,800 The Pathfinders. 440 00:24:44,840 --> 00:24:46,240 They go in ahead of all of us 441 00:24:46,280 --> 00:24:49,640 and plant signal markers so we can find a way. 442 00:24:49,680 --> 00:24:52,680 They live on a steady diet of danger. 443 00:24:52,720 --> 00:24:56,960 When I got through with this, we were all keyed up, raring to go. 444 00:24:57,000 --> 00:24:58,640 And then it was time. 445 00:25:01,480 --> 00:25:04,040 At dusk, Pathfinder teams board the ships 446 00:25:04,080 --> 00:25:06,440 that will show the way into enemy territory. 447 00:25:08,000 --> 00:25:10,000 This trooper will drop his British leg pack 448 00:25:10,040 --> 00:25:14,000 loaded with demolition supplies just before he lands. 449 00:25:14,040 --> 00:25:19,200 We must have had a good 120 to 40 or 50 pounds 450 00:25:19,240 --> 00:25:21,560 of extra equipment on us. 451 00:25:21,600 --> 00:25:24,480 But, of course, a lot of that was the parachute, 452 00:25:24,520 --> 00:25:25,880 which was handy to have 453 00:25:25,920 --> 00:25:28,920 in as much as we were going to jump out of the aeroplane. 454 00:25:28,960 --> 00:25:31,320 This is London calling with the European News Service 455 00:25:31,360 --> 00:25:34,280 of the British Broadcasting Corporation. 456 00:25:34,320 --> 00:25:38,480 Here are some messages for our friends in occupied countries. 457 00:25:38,520 --> 00:25:41,440 The Trojan war will not be held. 458 00:25:41,480 --> 00:25:43,960 John is growing a very long beard this week. 459 00:25:45,360 --> 00:25:48,520 The long sobs of the violins of autumn... 460 00:25:48,560 --> 00:25:51,560 TRANSMISSION CONTINUES IN FRENCH 461 00:25:53,880 --> 00:25:57,120 Joel Crouch, our commanding colonel, 462 00:25:57,160 --> 00:26:00,240 took off around 9:30, 10:00 463 00:26:00,280 --> 00:26:02,240 on the 5th of June. 464 00:26:02,280 --> 00:26:05,760 While we have been here, we have just seen one of the strangest 465 00:26:05,800 --> 00:26:09,080 and most remarkable sights of this invasion so far. 466 00:26:09,120 --> 00:26:14,560 Two great fleets of over 100 gliders have gone overhead, 467 00:26:14,600 --> 00:26:17,360 towed by C-47 transports 468 00:26:17,400 --> 00:26:20,200 who are certainly proving the workhorses of this invasion. 469 00:26:20,240 --> 00:26:23,480 Dropped his paratroopers right after midnight. 470 00:26:23,520 --> 00:26:25,200 I dropped my paratroopers 471 00:26:25,240 --> 00:26:28,560 at 14 minutes after one o'clock in the morning. 472 00:26:28,600 --> 00:26:31,360 We're over the enemy coast now, and the running has started. 473 00:26:31,400 --> 00:26:34,720 1 minute 30 seconds. Red light, green light, and out. 474 00:26:34,760 --> 00:26:38,120 Out! Get out, get out, get out! Out fast into the cool night. 475 00:26:38,160 --> 00:26:40,720 Out, out into the air over France. 476 00:26:40,760 --> 00:26:42,280 Full moon night, 477 00:26:42,320 --> 00:26:46,680 you can identify things on the ground really pretty easily. 478 00:26:46,720 --> 00:26:49,000 It was about two o'clock in the morning 479 00:26:49,040 --> 00:26:51,520 when we hit landfall. 480 00:26:51,560 --> 00:26:55,120 We knew when we hit landfall, it wasn't going to be very long 481 00:26:55,160 --> 00:26:57,520 until we got the green light to jump. 482 00:26:57,560 --> 00:26:59,600 Other planes flying all over. 483 00:26:59,640 --> 00:27:03,640 The Germans had searchlights up, 484 00:27:03,680 --> 00:27:05,960 so the planes that were flying there 485 00:27:06,000 --> 00:27:10,040 were silhouetted so that the German anti-aircraft 486 00:27:10,080 --> 00:27:16,200 had good targets. At one time I saw four planes going down. 487 00:27:16,240 --> 00:27:17,600 The unit landed squarely 488 00:27:17,640 --> 00:27:19,280 on the German 91st Infantry Division 489 00:27:19,320 --> 00:27:21,240 and other enemy troops. 490 00:27:21,280 --> 00:27:24,760 These enemy units were on manoeuvres and were already occupying 491 00:27:24,800 --> 00:27:26,880 their assigned defensive positions. 492 00:27:26,920 --> 00:27:30,040 Surprise was gained only by the leading parachute unit, 493 00:27:30,080 --> 00:27:33,000 and subsequent serials found themselves under practically 494 00:27:33,040 --> 00:27:36,440 continuous ground and anti-aircraft fire while crossing the peninsula 495 00:27:36,480 --> 00:27:37,800 and upon landing. 496 00:27:38,840 --> 00:27:40,960 821 aeroplane loads, 497 00:27:41,000 --> 00:27:45,880 13,000 paratroops were delivered into DZs in less than two hours. 498 00:28:08,120 --> 00:28:10,440 PBS World News Bob...speaking. 499 00:28:10,480 --> 00:28:12,760 And again, we bring you the available report, 500 00:28:12,800 --> 00:28:14,720 all of them from German sources, 501 00:28:14,760 --> 00:28:18,400 on what the Berlin radio calls the invasion. 502 00:28:18,440 --> 00:28:21,480 There is still no Allied confirmation from any source. 503 00:28:21,520 --> 00:28:24,200 Correspondents who rushed to the War Department in Washington 504 00:28:24,240 --> 00:28:26,720 soon after the first German broadcast was heard, 505 00:28:26,760 --> 00:28:28,960 were told that our War Department had no information 506 00:28:29,000 --> 00:28:32,200 on the German report. There's been no announcement of any sort 507 00:28:32,240 --> 00:28:34,200 from Allied headquarters in London. 508 00:28:34,240 --> 00:28:37,040 The first news of the German announcement reached this country 509 00:28:37,080 --> 00:28:40,840 at 12:37am Eastern War Time. 510 00:28:42,480 --> 00:28:48,440 I'll tell you, you never seen so many young blokes like ourselves, 511 00:28:48,480 --> 00:28:52,800 Newcastle, Scots people, Welsh people. 512 00:28:52,840 --> 00:28:56,760 Most of us were anxious. 513 00:28:56,800 --> 00:29:01,360 We had 1,200 troops aboard my ship. I was scared. 514 00:29:01,400 --> 00:29:03,720 I was scared because I knew 515 00:29:03,760 --> 00:29:06,520 there was going to be a lot of casualties on the beach. 516 00:29:19,240 --> 00:29:20,680 They had volunteered 517 00:29:20,720 --> 00:29:22,880 to go someplace first 518 00:29:22,920 --> 00:29:26,600 and they were... They were ready to go. 519 00:29:26,640 --> 00:29:30,400 Training, training, training... 520 00:29:30,440 --> 00:29:33,160 They all got seasick. Every one of them. 521 00:29:34,480 --> 00:29:36,720 The chu-chug of the engine 522 00:29:36,760 --> 00:29:39,960 cruising in the black and silence. 523 00:29:41,440 --> 00:29:42,800 No thoughts. 524 00:29:44,200 --> 00:29:47,200 And someone said, "Gies a fag." 525 00:29:48,880 --> 00:29:52,600 The droning of the planes above you. 526 00:29:52,640 --> 00:29:55,240 A glimmer of light from the dawn. 527 00:29:57,000 --> 00:30:00,320 All night long, bulletins have been pouring in from Berlin 528 00:30:00,360 --> 00:30:02,640 claiming that D-Day is here. 529 00:30:09,120 --> 00:30:14,000 Soldiers, sailors and airmen of the Allied Expeditionary Force. 530 00:30:14,040 --> 00:30:17,160 You are about to embark upon the Great Crusade 531 00:30:17,200 --> 00:30:20,080 toward which we have striven these many months. 532 00:30:20,120 --> 00:30:23,960 The eyes of the world are upon you. The hopes and prayers 533 00:30:24,000 --> 00:30:27,120 of liberty-loving people everywhere march with you. 534 00:30:29,800 --> 00:30:32,720 I've never seen so many ships in my life. 535 00:30:32,760 --> 00:30:36,920 And right in front of me was a tug. 536 00:30:36,960 --> 00:30:39,560 Right at the stern was a red light. 537 00:30:39,600 --> 00:30:41,560 At 5:58 538 00:30:41,600 --> 00:30:43,680 in the morning of June 6th, 539 00:30:43,720 --> 00:30:47,680 we dropped the first bombs on Omaha Beach. 540 00:30:57,840 --> 00:31:00,080 The landing craft was ready. 541 00:31:00,120 --> 00:31:01,800 When we did the D-Day landings... 542 00:31:03,320 --> 00:31:05,680 ..chaos. Chaos. 543 00:31:13,600 --> 00:31:15,920 We just didn't realise 544 00:31:15,960 --> 00:31:17,560 the seriousness 545 00:31:17,600 --> 00:31:19,960 of what this whole thing 546 00:31:20,000 --> 00:31:21,080 was all about. 547 00:31:21,120 --> 00:31:24,000 The report, unconfirmed by Allied sources, of course, 548 00:31:24,040 --> 00:31:26,160 says that heavy fighting is taking place between 549 00:31:26,200 --> 00:31:29,560 the Germans and invasion forces on the Normandy peninsula, 550 00:31:29,600 --> 00:31:32,520 about 31 miles southwest of Le Havre. 551 00:31:32,560 --> 00:31:37,200 These boys are apparently having a pretty tough time 552 00:31:37,240 --> 00:31:42,080 in here on the beaches. It's not very pleasant. It's exposed. 553 00:31:44,840 --> 00:31:47,680 I landed on Utah Beach. 554 00:31:47,720 --> 00:31:49,600 The unfortunate part about it, 555 00:31:49,640 --> 00:31:52,960 the night before we tried, the weather was too rough. 556 00:31:53,000 --> 00:31:57,920 So they were waiting for us on the second day that we came in. 557 00:31:59,480 --> 00:32:03,680 Another bulletin, also from Berlin radio and unconfirmed, 558 00:32:03,720 --> 00:32:06,080 says that British-American landing operations 559 00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:09,920 against the western coast of Europe, from the sea and from the air, 560 00:32:09,960 --> 00:32:14,680 are stretching over the entire area between Cherbourg and Le Havre, 561 00:32:14,720 --> 00:32:16,800 a distance of about 60 miles. 562 00:32:16,840 --> 00:32:19,240 I repeat, there is no confirmation. 563 00:32:19,280 --> 00:32:22,840 The sky was black with aeroplanes, 564 00:32:22,880 --> 00:32:25,320 you might say. 565 00:32:25,360 --> 00:32:27,440 Well, I was stepping over bodies. 566 00:32:28,840 --> 00:32:32,200 Either their boat got stuck 567 00:32:32,240 --> 00:32:35,160 and they couldn't come to the beach and they got into water 568 00:32:35,200 --> 00:32:39,880 and they were carrying heavy packs and they couldn't swim. 569 00:32:39,920 --> 00:32:45,840 I went in and there were bodies floating beside me. 570 00:32:47,200 --> 00:32:49,440 You didn't even look at it. You wiped it from your mind. 571 00:32:49,480 --> 00:32:53,680 You had a job to do. I went in and did my job and... 572 00:32:55,520 --> 00:32:57,000 ..I was fortunate. 573 00:32:57,040 --> 00:32:59,680 I went in at 7:00am. 574 00:32:59,720 --> 00:33:01,880 The bodies were drowned 575 00:33:01,920 --> 00:33:05,000 and been killed while they were still in the water. 576 00:33:06,240 --> 00:33:09,400 We went in way, way too early. 577 00:33:09,440 --> 00:33:12,520 Because they had not taken as much of the beach 578 00:33:12,560 --> 00:33:14,440 as they thought they would. 579 00:33:14,480 --> 00:33:17,120 So when we got there, we actually became infantry. 580 00:33:17,160 --> 00:33:19,760 We were not maintenance, we was infantry. 581 00:33:27,800 --> 00:33:31,080 Until the silver bullet hit some of our friends 582 00:33:31,120 --> 00:33:34,600 and they encountered mines, 583 00:33:34,640 --> 00:33:37,600 they were hit by artillery shrapnel, 584 00:33:37,640 --> 00:33:42,480 these guys...these guys were being hit, uh, became casualties 585 00:33:42,520 --> 00:33:45,960 and the medics had to take care of them as best they could. 586 00:33:46,000 --> 00:33:49,040 But these were men that I had trained with, uh, 587 00:33:49,080 --> 00:33:52,040 some back in the States and then through the period in England. 588 00:33:52,080 --> 00:33:56,680 During that period of time, you become close to your men and, uh, 589 00:33:56,720 --> 00:33:58,120 almost like family. 590 00:33:58,160 --> 00:34:03,640 And, uh, you know, it hurts when you see a man get, uh, uh, 591 00:34:03,680 --> 00:34:10,080 get wounded or killed and, uh, you feel, uh, partially responsible. 592 00:34:22,920 --> 00:34:24,760 When we hit the beaches 593 00:34:24,800 --> 00:34:27,600 on the morning of the 6th of June, 594 00:34:27,640 --> 00:34:29,760 the weather was still rough. 595 00:34:29,800 --> 00:34:33,800 But most ships managed to 596 00:34:33,840 --> 00:34:35,840 close in fairly close to the beach. 597 00:34:35,880 --> 00:34:40,320 There were mines there. We did lose some shipping from the minefields. 598 00:34:40,360 --> 00:34:44,920 Now, having stepped out of the sea onto the beach, 599 00:34:44,960 --> 00:34:47,880 we were confronted again with minefields. 600 00:34:47,920 --> 00:34:49,840 You don't stop. 601 00:34:49,880 --> 00:34:53,040 If somebody falls, you don't stop to help. 602 00:34:53,080 --> 00:34:59,680 Your job is to get ashore and do what you're trained to do. 603 00:34:59,720 --> 00:35:03,400 It's one of the tough parts, I think, of an assault. 604 00:35:03,440 --> 00:35:07,440 But you're trained to do something and you do it. 605 00:35:07,480 --> 00:35:11,080 One doesn't really want to dwell on. 606 00:35:11,120 --> 00:35:14,720 It is rather a sickening thing to think of. 607 00:35:14,760 --> 00:35:17,120 And so, ladies and gentlemen, you may listen to this network 608 00:35:17,160 --> 00:35:20,880 with assurance that all sources of news will be properly labelled, 609 00:35:20,920 --> 00:35:23,400 and that we will interrupt programmes only with news 610 00:35:23,440 --> 00:35:26,560 of exceptional importance, and will bring you frequent summaries 611 00:35:26,600 --> 00:35:28,760 of all information available. 612 00:35:30,720 --> 00:35:32,400 We wasn't expecting 613 00:35:32,440 --> 00:35:34,080 what did face us. 614 00:35:34,120 --> 00:35:37,320 They got German machine guns that we knew nothing about. 615 00:35:37,360 --> 00:35:38,920 We'd never been told this. 616 00:35:38,960 --> 00:35:42,200 I can't recollect ever being told 617 00:35:42,240 --> 00:35:44,840 they got a dreaded 618 00:35:44,880 --> 00:35:46,920 Spandau machinegun, 619 00:35:46,960 --> 00:35:51,920 which fired 1,200 rounds a minute. 620 00:35:51,960 --> 00:35:56,040 We landed on what they called Jig Sector. 621 00:35:56,080 --> 00:36:00,120 J-I-G. Jig Sector, which was marshy ground. 622 00:36:00,160 --> 00:36:04,280 And I can recollect wading ashore, worrying about my cigarettes 623 00:36:04,320 --> 00:36:06,600 in my small pack that had got soaked through. 624 00:36:06,640 --> 00:36:11,120 Not knowing what was getting thrown at us. 625 00:36:11,160 --> 00:36:13,440 Jump into the water, it's deeper than I thought. 626 00:36:13,480 --> 00:36:16,560 I started to swim. Eventually made the sea wall. 627 00:36:16,600 --> 00:36:18,440 Just as we get alongside the tank, 628 00:36:18,480 --> 00:36:20,680 we thought we were pretty good then, 629 00:36:20,720 --> 00:36:25,760 a Jerry 88mm gun hit our tank and blew us the hell out of it. 630 00:36:25,800 --> 00:36:27,800 "So far," said Winston Churchill, 631 00:36:27,840 --> 00:36:29,880 "The commanders who are engaged 632 00:36:29,920 --> 00:36:34,600 "report that everything is proceeding according to plan." 633 00:36:34,640 --> 00:36:36,200 And then Mr Churchill, 634 00:36:36,240 --> 00:36:38,760 who knows well the history of that phrase, 635 00:36:38,800 --> 00:36:43,560 said to the House of Commons, "And what a plan." 636 00:36:43,600 --> 00:36:46,840 Time didn't mean anything to us then, that morning. 637 00:36:46,880 --> 00:36:49,800 It was 10:30 when they landed, about 7:30. 638 00:36:49,840 --> 00:36:53,560 And when you ask people "What was the date of D-Day?" 639 00:36:53,600 --> 00:36:56,760 A lot of people will say the 6th of June. 640 00:36:56,800 --> 00:37:02,160 Well, one has to ask them, as I remember, "What day was it?" 641 00:37:02,200 --> 00:37:06,920 And it was a Tuesday morning, which one will never forget. 642 00:37:06,960 --> 00:37:10,200 Then Mr Churchill said the vast operation was undoubtedly 643 00:37:10,240 --> 00:37:15,440 the most complicated and the most difficult which has ever been made. 644 00:37:15,480 --> 00:37:16,680 We're standing here, 645 00:37:16,720 --> 00:37:18,360 it's an absolutely incredible 646 00:37:18,400 --> 00:37:19,960 and fantastic sight. 647 00:37:20,000 --> 00:37:23,480 I don't know whether it's possible to describe it to you or not. 648 00:37:23,520 --> 00:37:31,360 The sea is choppy and the beach is lined with men and materials... 649 00:37:31,400 --> 00:37:36,000 Lots of people don't realise what, uh... 650 00:37:36,040 --> 00:37:41,240 What you go through. I go to bed at night, sometimes I can't sleep. 651 00:37:41,280 --> 00:37:46,120 You know, and things come back in... in my mind, you know? 652 00:37:46,160 --> 00:37:52,440 ..and, uh, guns, trucks, vehicles of all kinds, uh, on either side 653 00:37:52,480 --> 00:37:58,320 of us, there are pillars of smoke, perhaps a mile, two miles away, 654 00:37:58,360 --> 00:38:00,640 which is rising from enemy shelling. 655 00:38:00,680 --> 00:38:03,160 And further back we can see the smoke 656 00:38:03,200 --> 00:38:06,640 and results of our own shelling. 657 00:38:06,680 --> 00:38:11,520 All we can see of the vast invasion fleet which is assembled for us 658 00:38:11,560 --> 00:38:17,080 are the silhouettes of the big four ships, the, uh, battleships 659 00:38:17,120 --> 00:38:20,760 and cruisers which have been putting, uh, a steady bombardment 660 00:38:20,800 --> 00:38:23,000 against the enemy positions all day. 661 00:38:23,040 --> 00:38:25,720 A bulletin. London. A naval officer just returned 662 00:38:25,760 --> 00:38:28,640 to Supreme Allied Headquarters from the French invasion beaches 663 00:38:28,680 --> 00:38:31,240 reports that all main points have been gained 664 00:38:31,280 --> 00:38:34,240 and that reinforcements are pouring across the Channel 665 00:38:34,280 --> 00:38:36,080 in an unprecedented stream. 666 00:38:39,280 --> 00:38:42,200 The Atlantic Wall has been penetrated. 667 00:38:42,240 --> 00:38:43,880 There, after the first assault, 668 00:38:43,920 --> 00:38:46,840 the allies clung precariously to a few beaches, 669 00:38:46,880 --> 00:38:50,160 but now they have a solid foothold on Fortress Europa. 670 00:38:50,200 --> 00:38:52,960 Men and material have poured on to the newly won beachheads 671 00:38:53,000 --> 00:38:54,920 with every favourable tide, 672 00:38:54,960 --> 00:38:58,840 and on some unfavourable ones. The Allied command has announced 673 00:38:58,880 --> 00:39:01,520 that the battle of the beaches is complete. 674 00:39:01,560 --> 00:39:04,560 The tremendous offensive was bitterly contested. 675 00:39:04,600 --> 00:39:07,600 The Nazis knew that each passing hour diminished their chances 676 00:39:07,640 --> 00:39:10,200 of throwing the Allies back into the sea. 677 00:39:10,240 --> 00:39:12,840 But the American, British and Canadian troops 678 00:39:12,880 --> 00:39:17,120 pressed forward firmly onto the soil of France 679 00:39:17,160 --> 00:39:19,320 and made contact with the French people. 680 00:39:19,360 --> 00:39:22,720 The bulldozers were trying to clear roads 681 00:39:22,760 --> 00:39:25,960 to let our jeeps and tanks move forward, 682 00:39:26,000 --> 00:39:29,800 and even though it was June, the area was quite cold, 683 00:39:29,840 --> 00:39:33,680 as it usually is in that part of Normandy. 684 00:39:33,720 --> 00:39:37,040 We're getting stuff ashore despite this break. 685 00:39:37,080 --> 00:39:38,560 When the weather does turn fine, 686 00:39:38,600 --> 00:39:41,800 everybody will breathe easier except the Germans. 687 00:39:41,840 --> 00:39:45,240 Our commanders know where we're going and the Germans don't. 688 00:39:45,280 --> 00:39:48,720 They must scatter their defence. And Rommel cannot be at all certain 689 00:39:48,760 --> 00:39:51,800 that this Normandy landing is the real Allied blow. 690 00:39:51,840 --> 00:39:55,480 Of course, the men dug their foxholes a little deeper, 691 00:39:55,520 --> 00:39:58,400 and we had the good fortune of finding a concrete wall 692 00:39:58,440 --> 00:40:00,920 which helped serve as protection. 693 00:40:00,960 --> 00:40:05,520 But even now we're taking some of our wounded back to the beach 694 00:40:05,560 --> 00:40:07,840 so they can be transferred back to England. 695 00:40:07,880 --> 00:40:13,000 So, head doctor came in to examine me and he said, 696 00:40:13,040 --> 00:40:15,920 "You can you can go home on a hospital ship." 697 00:40:15,960 --> 00:40:19,840 And I said, "No, I want to go back to my unit." 698 00:40:19,880 --> 00:40:23,920 Sent me back to my unit. And, uh... 699 00:40:25,760 --> 00:40:27,280 And then we went in. 700 00:40:29,360 --> 00:40:32,080 Now some invasion impressions from various observers at the front. 701 00:40:32,120 --> 00:40:34,360 One of the biggest groups of American casualties 702 00:40:34,400 --> 00:40:37,440 and German prisoners of war came into a British port early Saturday 703 00:40:37,480 --> 00:40:38,920 invasion time. 704 00:40:38,960 --> 00:40:42,240 Many of those injured were Airborne troops with broken legs. 705 00:40:42,280 --> 00:40:45,800 Most of the prisoners are described as a sorry looking lot. 706 00:40:45,840 --> 00:40:47,800 The Berlin radio tonight says Marshal Rommel 707 00:40:47,840 --> 00:40:50,040 looks as if he has been losing sleep. 708 00:40:50,080 --> 00:40:53,760 Well, that's one German report it's a pleasure to believe. 709 00:40:53,800 --> 00:40:58,800 None of it was easy. When you jumped off that damn landing barge, 710 00:40:58,840 --> 00:41:02,760 you didn't know whether you'd be alive for a second or ten seconds 711 00:41:02,800 --> 00:41:07,800 or ten hours, because every part of it was under fire. 712 00:41:07,840 --> 00:41:10,760 And the guys that jumped out and got ashore 713 00:41:10,800 --> 00:41:13,320 and set up on the beachhead 714 00:41:13,360 --> 00:41:18,640 and pushed the Germans back and got that beachhead opened up, 715 00:41:18,680 --> 00:41:23,000 they... I gave them more damn credit than anybody because, 716 00:41:23,040 --> 00:41:25,160 I mean, that took a lot of guts. 717 00:41:26,640 --> 00:41:29,520 Soon we brought in some of our big armament, 718 00:41:29,560 --> 00:41:33,120 and they were set up in a field and firing at German positions. 719 00:41:33,160 --> 00:41:36,280 But even though the guns were firing, the French people 720 00:41:36,320 --> 00:41:39,480 were bringing in the crops as though nothing was happening. 721 00:41:39,520 --> 00:41:40,840 This surprised me, 722 00:41:40,880 --> 00:41:43,960 and I couldn't help but wanting to make a picture of it. 723 00:41:44,000 --> 00:41:47,280 Of course, these heavy guns caused terrific concussion. 724 00:41:47,320 --> 00:41:49,600 Among those witnessing the beachhead operation 725 00:41:49,640 --> 00:41:52,880 was the Supreme Allied Commander, General Eisenhower. 726 00:41:52,920 --> 00:41:55,960 Here he meets with Admiral Ramsay, Chief of Naval Operations, 727 00:41:56,000 --> 00:41:59,240 and with Britain's great soldier, General Montgomery. 728 00:41:59,280 --> 00:42:01,920 The Supreme Commander is on hand to learn first hand 729 00:42:01,960 --> 00:42:05,840 how the offensive is going. What he learned was good indeed. 730 00:42:05,880 --> 00:42:08,480 The meeting of these brilliant leaders symbolises the unity 731 00:42:08,520 --> 00:42:11,320 of the united nations forces they represent. 732 00:42:24,440 --> 00:42:28,280 The creation of the artificial harbours in Normandy. 733 00:42:28,320 --> 00:42:31,080 The strange contraptions which you see here 734 00:42:31,120 --> 00:42:33,840 made possible our entire operation in France, 735 00:42:33,880 --> 00:42:35,800 and to supply our armies 736 00:42:35,840 --> 00:42:39,400 when the Germans wrecked the French ports. 737 00:42:39,440 --> 00:42:43,320 These huge hollow blocks of reinforced concrete 738 00:42:43,360 --> 00:42:45,600 are called Phoenixes. 739 00:42:45,640 --> 00:42:51,520 Each Phoenix is 200ft long, 60ft high, 40ft thick, 740 00:42:51,560 --> 00:42:53,720 and weighs 8,000 tons. 741 00:42:55,840 --> 00:43:00,960 The first tows began arriving at Omaha on the afternoon of D-Day. 742 00:43:01,000 --> 00:43:05,320 You couldn't see the sky. It was black with planes. 743 00:43:05,360 --> 00:43:08,120 When we towed you over, 744 00:43:08,160 --> 00:43:11,480 we came back to England and got another one 745 00:43:11,520 --> 00:43:13,240 and towed that over as well. 746 00:43:13,280 --> 00:43:19,200 But luckily for us, we weren't hit by any shells or anything, you know. 747 00:43:19,240 --> 00:43:22,880 Neither of us felt any fear at all. 748 00:43:22,920 --> 00:43:25,320 We were there to do a job 749 00:43:25,360 --> 00:43:27,640 like everyone else was, 750 00:43:27,680 --> 00:43:32,480 and we were lucky that we got away with everything. 751 00:43:32,520 --> 00:43:34,600 Out of sunken blockships, 752 00:43:34,640 --> 00:43:37,160 artificial harbours have been built. 753 00:43:37,200 --> 00:43:39,520 Until a port is won from the enemy, 754 00:43:39,560 --> 00:43:42,400 these must handle all Allied shipping. 755 00:43:42,440 --> 00:43:46,840 Now, more and more troops move inland to push the enemy back. 756 00:43:46,880 --> 00:43:49,840 Back in the English Channel, great convoys of troops 757 00:43:49,880 --> 00:43:53,840 and reinforcements continued to move toward the beaches of Normandy. 758 00:43:53,880 --> 00:43:58,160 The beachhead already had expanded to 50 miles, and they put ashore 759 00:43:58,200 --> 00:44:00,640 the complete equipment of a highly mechanised army. 760 00:44:00,680 --> 00:44:03,840 There is much hard fighting ahead, but the Germans are now faced 761 00:44:03,880 --> 00:44:05,520 with a three-front war - 762 00:44:05,560 --> 00:44:09,720 in the northern reaches of Russia, in the mountains of Italy, and here, 763 00:44:09,760 --> 00:44:13,440 against this most tremendous military operation in history. 764 00:44:13,480 --> 00:44:17,000 Heavy fighting in all areas, particularly around Caen, 765 00:44:17,040 --> 00:44:19,760 where the Germans are making a frantic effort to stop the advance 766 00:44:19,800 --> 00:44:21,520 of the British and Canadians. 767 00:44:21,560 --> 00:44:23,560 Both sides are using more and more armour. 768 00:44:23,600 --> 00:44:26,280 So far, the Germans haven't been able to match ours. 769 00:44:26,320 --> 00:44:28,280 A good many of the German strongpoints 770 00:44:28,320 --> 00:44:30,880 that had to be bypassed have now been eliminated. 771 00:44:47,360 --> 00:44:51,560 # We'll meet again 772 00:44:51,600 --> 00:44:54,320 # Don't know where 773 00:44:54,360 --> 00:44:57,360 # Don't know when 774 00:44:57,400 --> 00:45:01,480 # But I know we'll meet again 775 00:45:01,520 --> 00:45:04,640 # Some sunny day.... # To me... 776 00:45:04,680 --> 00:45:07,280 And I often think about this. 777 00:45:07,320 --> 00:45:09,120 I think about all the 778 00:45:09,160 --> 00:45:15,440 18-year old, 19-year-old, 20-year-old guys that I saw, 779 00:45:15,480 --> 00:45:21,280 and I think they never got to have a life. 780 00:45:21,320 --> 00:45:25,960 After gallant France had been struck down, 781 00:45:26,000 --> 00:45:29,640 we from this island and from our united empire, 782 00:45:29,680 --> 00:45:31,760 maintained the struggle 783 00:45:31,800 --> 00:45:34,640 single-handed for a whole year, 784 00:45:34,680 --> 00:45:39,160 until we were joined by the overwhelming power and resources 785 00:45:39,200 --> 00:45:41,600 of the United States of America. 786 00:45:41,640 --> 00:45:47,040 Finally, almost the whole world would combine against the evildoers 787 00:45:47,080 --> 00:45:50,000 who are now prostrate before us. 788 00:45:50,040 --> 00:45:53,880 Our gratitude to our splendid allies 789 00:45:53,920 --> 00:45:58,800 goes forth from all our hearts in this island 790 00:45:58,840 --> 00:46:00,880 and throughout the British Empire. 791 00:46:00,920 --> 00:46:06,840 But let us not forget for a moment the toil and efforts that lie ahead. 792 00:46:06,880 --> 00:46:10,560 We must now devote all our strength and resources 793 00:46:10,600 --> 00:46:15,280 to the completion of our task, both at home and abroad. 794 00:46:15,320 --> 00:46:17,680 Advance, Britannia! 795 00:46:17,720 --> 00:46:22,040 Long live the cause of freedom! God save the king! 796 00:46:22,080 --> 00:46:24,840 # But I know we'll meet again 797 00:46:24,880 --> 00:46:29,960 # Some sunny day 798 00:46:32,480 --> 00:46:36,240 # Keep smiling through 799 00:46:36,280 --> 00:46:42,000 # Just like you always do 800 00:46:42,040 --> 00:46:44,040 # Till the blue skies... # 801 00:46:44,080 --> 00:46:47,080 Subtitles by Red Bee Media 68272

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