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NARRATOR:
In the criminal justice system
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the people are represented by two
separate yet equally important groups,
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00:00:06,507 --> 00:00:08,384
the police
who investigate crime
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and the district attorneys
who prosecute the offenders.
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These are their stories.
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(JOANNE LAUGHING)
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KEVIN: Time.
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No, no, no, no. The next time your
college friends come to visit, I'm sick.
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They used to be
very interesting.
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So was Donovan.
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Good morning, how are you?
Great.
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What time is it?
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10:15.
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No, no, no, no, no,
it's 10:18.
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Fine. 10:18.
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(GASPS) What time...
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Get your hands off me!
Michael!
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(SIREN WAILING)
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KEVIN: Time, time, time...
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You having a problem here? Yeah,
there's something wrong with him.
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He tried to steal
my husband's watch.
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KEVIN: Time... Hey, pally,
how you doing today, huh?
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What time? Time.
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Time for you to take a ride.
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The time.
Time. Time...
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(PHONE RINGING)
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(PEOPLE CHATTERING)
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Hey, you going to Hanratty's later?
Got a date.
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At midnight? You call
that a date, Lennie?
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The later it gets,
the better they look.
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KEVIN: Time.
Have a seat.
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Hey, what's with that kid?
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A John Doe pipehead, attempted
theft of somebody else's marbles.
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He's waiting on a limo
to Bellevue.
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Hey, you leaving me with him?
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(MOANING)
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(BANGING)
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Whoa, whoa, whoa, kid,
cut it out.
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(GRUNTING)
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Lennie, hold my piece.
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You, be cool.
I'm cool.
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Hey, hey! Hey!
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(GRUNTS) Whoa!
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LOGAN: Hey! Somebody
help me here, man!
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(KEVIN GRUNTING)
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LOGAN: I got it. I got it.
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What?
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I don't know, Mike.
I think the kid's dead.
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Do I need a union rep or...
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You can have one
if you want one.
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Yeah, and I can touch my knee
with my elbow if I want to,
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but that's not what I'm asking.
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Attitude's not gonna
help anyone, Detective.
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We need to know what happened to that kid
before his family shows up waving lawyers.
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The kid was stoned, and he went
crazy, and I had to restrain him.
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Did you use a choke hold?
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No way.
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Well, how'd you hold him, then?
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I don't know, around the chest.
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Things were moving very fast.
I did what I had to do.
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Did you see anyone else
touch him?
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No.
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He was hitting himself
in the head, okay?
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Hard enough to kill himself?
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It's a fair question. I've seen the
way you get a suspect's attention.
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Now, wait a second, Lennie was right there.
He saw the whole thing.
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This so-called kid was beyond strong.
I was just trying to hold onto him.
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The next second he's dead. You
try to make sense out of that.
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Made sense to IAD. They're dusting
off the hot seat for him.
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Well, I'm keeping an open mind.
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You're keeping an open mind?
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Then how come you got me driving a
desk for the next couple of days?
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I took you off rotation until it plays out.
End of story.
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Don't sweat it, Mike.
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John Doe died
from a cerebral thrombosis.
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A blood clot broke.
He stroked out.
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People die of strokes
in their sleep.
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They don't get blood clots like
this without a little help.
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There's evidence of repeated
trauma to the left carotid artery
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here on the neck.
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Repeated, as in over a period of time?
Correct.
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This boy was damaged goods long
before the PD got a hold of him.
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There's bruises all over
his body, some a day old,
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some have been there
a week or more. Look at this.
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These calluses on the wrists and ankles.
Kid's been tied down.
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Somebody's been using him
for entertainment purposes?
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There's no evidence
of sexual trauma.
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I'll give him a closer look before
I send up the final report.
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Well, sounds like
Mike can climb off the hook.
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Yeah, maybe we can find somebody
else to hang there instead.
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Hey.
What's the good word?
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IAD finally got it
straightened out.
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Yeah, it was a blood-clot thing. The
kid came up negative for drugs.
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No kidding?
What was his problem?
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I don't know. There was too
much sugar in his diet?
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His prints came up negative.
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All we know about him was he
had a thing about watches.
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Is this his stuff?
Yeah.
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Watch out for lice.
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(COINS CLINKING)
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No lice. Lots of lint.
Kid was traveling light.
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Yeah, lint here, too. Couple of Raisinets.
Couple of pennies.
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From the Midtown Cinema.
Last night.
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Doesn't look too good.
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He wasn't feeling too well when we took the picture.
Did you see him last night?
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Oh, yeah, ticket costs $3.
He paid in 300 pennies.
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What're you after him for,
robbing a piggy bank?
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Actually, he's dead, and we're
trying to find out who killed him.
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Killed? He was alive when he left
here, kicking and screaming.
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What time would that be?
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Movie started at 10:00.
He was out of here by 10:10.
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Got out of his seat,
walked into the screen.
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Must have been some movie.
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Stinks. Kid was a wacko.
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We threw him out.
How hard did you throw him?
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We never laid a hand on him. He saw us coming.
He ran out the back.
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He left his coat behind.
You want it?
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Yeah, sure.
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(PROJECTOR WHIRRING)
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There you go.
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Coat looks new.
Mmm-hmm.
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Amtrak schedule,
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Greyhound schedule,
Staten Island ferry schedule.
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00:07:07,694 --> 00:07:09,696
You starting to see
a pattern here?
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00:07:09,763 --> 00:07:13,142
Weird kid. Showered,
shaved, clean clothes.
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00:07:13,900 --> 00:07:16,380
Yeah, not your
run-of-the-mill street wacko.
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It looks like somebody
was taking care of him.
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00:07:18,905 --> 00:07:21,476
Yeah, maybe somebody
filed a missing persons.
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00:07:25,211 --> 00:07:29,091
We called the police this morning, soon as
the clinic told us that Kevin ran away.
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He's done this before.
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Things were getting better for him.
It's been so hard.
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Better for him?
What was wrong with him?
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Kevin was autistic.
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He didn't speak at all
till he was eight.
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How long will he have
to stay in that morgue?
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Just a day or two, Mrs. Jeffries,
until we can start the investigation.
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What investigation?
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(SIGHS)
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Your son had bruises
all over him, Mr. Jeffries,
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and an injury to his neck that caused a blood clot.
That's what he died from.
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00:08:06,019 --> 00:08:07,430
Somebody beat him up?
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00:08:07,487 --> 00:08:09,694
That's what
we're trying to find out.
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You said
he was living at a clinic?
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The Behavioral Control Clinic
for the last three years.
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LOGAN: I bet he kept
running away from there.
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00:08:18,098 --> 00:08:20,169
Well, there's something
you don't understand here.
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You see, when Kevin was 10,
he started to hurt himself.
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He would bite himself. He would
bang his head into walls. He...
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00:08:32,812 --> 00:08:36,350
It would go in cycles. Every
six months, then more often.
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By the time he was 13,
it would last for weeks.
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We didn't know what to do.
It's been hard on all of us.
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We couldn't keep Kevin here.
We had to send him away.
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GEORGE: Two institutions
sent him back to us.
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Well, just what was the
behavioral clinic doing for him?
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They helped him to stop
him from hurting himself.
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ELEANOR: Dr. Colter.
He runs the clinic.
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Thanks to him,
Kevin was learning to draw.
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We noticed he was missing
yesterday morning.
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00:09:13,219 --> 00:09:15,324
We thought
he might've gone home.
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That's why
we called his parents first.
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00:09:18,725 --> 00:09:20,966
So, what did he do?
He just walked out?
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00:09:21,027 --> 00:09:24,008
Pretty much.
He went out a fire exit.
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00:09:24,064 --> 00:09:25,975
We'd like to talk
to his roommate.
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00:09:26,032 --> 00:09:27,534
David Vilardi.
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He's non-verbal.
Anyway, he slept through it.
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What's this for, Dr. Colter?
It's all covered with cracks.
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00:09:35,742 --> 00:09:40,157
Kevin wore that when he became
self-injurious, hitting himself.
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00:09:40,947 --> 00:09:43,587
It's pretty common
with some autistic children.
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DR. COLTER: It's frustration because
of their inability to communicate.
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That's why Kevin was here. So
we could modify that behavior.
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Modify?
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00:09:54,461 --> 00:09:56,964
Well, no disrespect to you,
Doctor, but the way that sounds,
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it's making my skin crawl.
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There's nothing sinister
about it.
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00:10:02,035 --> 00:10:04,015
Granted, sometimes we have
to restrain the child
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until the self-injurious
cycle passes.
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00:10:06,206 --> 00:10:08,345
Did Kevin get restrained
a lot lately?
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00:10:08,408 --> 00:10:10,115
Not as often as before.
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00:10:10,176 --> 00:10:11,211
Oh.
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00:10:12,045 --> 00:10:14,958
Well, maybe you can
explain this to me.
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This is what Kevin looked
like when we found him.
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You see those bruises
and the marks on his neck?
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00:10:22,789 --> 00:10:26,202
Well, you're a doctor. Maybe you
can tell me how they got there.
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Like I said,
Kevin was self-injurious.
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ALONSO: We put them in a chair or on their
stomach on a padded board, right here.
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00:10:34,868 --> 00:10:36,677
Put it down. Put it down.
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00:10:38,104 --> 00:10:40,516
Then we hold them there
using soft cuffs.
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00:10:40,573 --> 00:10:43,383
Well, we found calluses
on his wrists and ankles.
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00:10:43,443 --> 00:10:46,617
Well, that's how we strap them
in, plus across the chest.
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00:10:46,746 --> 00:10:47,884
It's for their own protection.
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What about the neck?
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00:10:49,516 --> 00:10:51,553
You got to be kidding me.
No.
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00:10:52,619 --> 00:10:57,090
Well, if he had calluses, he must have
been strapped in for quite a while.
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00:10:57,157 --> 00:10:59,103
He was in a bad cycle
the past week.
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00:10:59,159 --> 00:11:02,003
We put him in restraints
about four hours every day.
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00:11:02,162 --> 00:11:05,769
The day he ran away, he was
on the board till about 6:00.
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00:11:05,865 --> 00:11:07,003
Then he was fine.
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00:11:07,066 --> 00:11:08,773
Did he mind being strapped in?
199
00:11:08,868 --> 00:11:13,112
Well, he minded. Way it works is we get
four people to grab his legs and arms,
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00:11:13,473 --> 00:11:14,611
and we lay him out.
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00:11:14,674 --> 00:11:15,812
(CHILDREN MUMBLING)
202
00:11:15,875 --> 00:11:20,221
So, if he throws a punch, maybe one of you
thinks you have to throw a couple back.
203
00:11:20,480 --> 00:11:23,359
Kevin didn't need anybody's
help to injure himself.
204
00:11:23,716 --> 00:11:26,959
You want to see what a good day
is for some of these kids?
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00:11:33,126 --> 00:11:34,969
(GRUNTING)
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00:11:37,263 --> 00:11:39,573
Bad days, they don't stop.
207
00:11:43,803 --> 00:11:46,807
It's a tough call. Kevin Jeffries
could've done it all to himself.
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00:11:46,873 --> 00:11:50,446
He punched himself in the carotid
artery till he got a blood clot?
209
00:11:50,510 --> 00:11:53,787
Hey, he threw himself against walls.
He bounced off the ceiling.
210
00:11:53,847 --> 00:11:55,485
I mean, it all
could've been self-inflicted.
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00:11:55,548 --> 00:11:58,529
Then, how do we explain this?
The ME's final report.
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00:11:58,585 --> 00:12:01,031
She found circular wounds
and muscle damage
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00:12:01,054 --> 00:12:02,897
consistent
with electric shocks.
214
00:12:02,956 --> 00:12:05,334
How many people
electrocute themselves?
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00:12:11,698 --> 00:12:15,077
I'm very proud of what we
do here and how we do it.
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00:12:15,268 --> 00:12:18,477
We believe in rewards,
positive reinforcement.
217
00:12:19,105 --> 00:12:22,985
But if they get out of line, someone
zaps them with a few volts, right?
218
00:12:23,576 --> 00:12:27,615
Our medical examiner found evidence that
Kevin Jeffries was getting electric shocks.
219
00:12:27,680 --> 00:12:30,718
Yes. It's part of the overall
aversion therapy program.
220
00:12:30,783 --> 00:12:33,229
Aversion?
What happened to the carrot?
221
00:12:33,386 --> 00:12:37,562
All we do is use mild punishment to
stop the self-injurious behavior.
222
00:12:37,891 --> 00:12:41,168
Rewards for good behavior,
mild punishment for bad.
223
00:12:41,561 --> 00:12:44,565
Usually we spray their mouths
with pepper juice, or pinch them.
224
00:12:44,631 --> 00:12:46,633
What about the electric shocks?
225
00:12:47,433 --> 00:12:50,141
That's only for the tough cases.
I'll show you.
226
00:12:52,105 --> 00:12:55,917
Most clinics who work with autistic children
use drugs to sedate their patients.
227
00:12:55,975 --> 00:12:57,716
I don't believe in drugs.
228
00:12:58,344 --> 00:12:59,823
We substitute this.
229
00:13:01,047 --> 00:13:03,891
We apply this
to the patient's arm or leg.
230
00:13:03,950 --> 00:13:06,260
It's controlled by this device.
231
00:13:06,319 --> 00:13:10,165
If the child starts to harm
himself, we give him a small shock.
232
00:13:10,990 --> 00:13:12,833
I'd be happy to demonstrate.
233
00:13:12,992 --> 00:13:15,268
Yeah, try it on me.
That's fine.
234
00:13:16,596 --> 00:13:18,303
Roll up your sleeve, please.
235
00:13:18,364 --> 00:13:20,173
This ought to be fun.
236
00:13:22,268 --> 00:13:25,044
Right there. Ready?
237
00:13:25,638 --> 00:13:26,673
(ELECTRICITY BUZZING)
238
00:13:26,739 --> 00:13:27,774
Ow!
239
00:13:29,175 --> 00:13:31,155
That's all there is to it.
That's all?
240
00:13:31,210 --> 00:13:34,054
I'd rather get my teeth drilled.
You call that therapy?
241
00:13:34,113 --> 00:13:36,491
Yes. So does
the State of New York.
242
00:13:36,983 --> 00:13:38,223
(SCOFFS)
243
00:13:43,222 --> 00:13:46,032
Dr. Colter's aversion therapy
isn't revolutionary.
244
00:13:46,693 --> 00:13:49,333
A lot of programs are based
on behavior modification.
245
00:13:49,395 --> 00:13:50,840
They use electrodes, too?
246
00:13:50,897 --> 00:13:52,467
No. Just Dr. Colter.
247
00:13:52,665 --> 00:13:54,838
He's the only one
who takes the tough cases.
248
00:13:54,901 --> 00:13:56,847
The kids other
institutions don't want.
249
00:13:56,903 --> 00:14:00,146
You actually believe
his zap therapy works?
250
00:14:00,339 --> 00:14:02,546
If we didn't, we wouldn't
be subsidizing him.
251
00:14:02,608 --> 00:14:07,387
$175,000 a year per patient.
Currently he has 83 patients.
252
00:14:07,447 --> 00:14:09,120
That makes for
a fat bottom line.
253
00:14:09,182 --> 00:14:12,163
When's the last time somebody checked
to see what he does with the money?
254
00:14:12,218 --> 00:14:13,720
We do periodic reviews.
255
00:14:13,786 --> 00:14:15,595
LOGAN: What about the zappers?
Do you review them?
256
00:14:15,655 --> 00:14:20,035
Yes. Dr. Colter's applied four
times in the past six years
257
00:14:20,093 --> 00:14:22,073
to increase the voltage
on the devices.
258
00:14:22,128 --> 00:14:25,268
Apparently the patients were
becoming immune to the shocks.
259
00:14:25,331 --> 00:14:27,242
Well, that tells me
it wasn't working.
260
00:14:27,300 --> 00:14:31,043
Our board of reviewers checked the
patients' files. They saw progress.
261
00:14:31,771 --> 00:14:34,308
Look, we monitor
this therapy very closely.
262
00:14:34,540 --> 00:14:37,885
It's approved on a case-by-case basis
and only with the parents' consent.
263
00:14:37,944 --> 00:14:39,252
I can't imagine any parents
264
00:14:39,312 --> 00:14:42,293
letting their kid get electrical
shocks all over his body.
265
00:14:42,348 --> 00:14:45,693
The electrodes can only be used on the
forearm or the thigh. Nowhere else.
266
00:14:45,752 --> 00:14:49,598
And no more than four shocks can be
administered during a one-hour period.
267
00:14:49,655 --> 00:14:52,261
Well, then, we have a problem
because according to our ME,
268
00:14:52,325 --> 00:14:56,398
Kevin Jeffries had shock marks all
over his chest and all over his back.
269
00:14:59,332 --> 00:15:03,610
Of course we knew about the punishments.
That's why we sent Kevin to Dr. Colter.
270
00:15:03,936 --> 00:15:07,042
We didn't want him doped up and
warehoused in some hospital.
271
00:15:07,106 --> 00:15:10,485
Yeah, well, did Colter tell you
about these electric shocks?
272
00:15:10,643 --> 00:15:13,487
Yes. I don't see
what the problem is here.
273
00:15:13,546 --> 00:15:15,651
I thought Kevin's injuries
were self-inflicted.
274
00:15:15,915 --> 00:15:20,091
We checked with the State agency.
Dr. Colter was using electrodes on your son
275
00:15:20,153 --> 00:15:22,155
in ways
that he wasn't supposed to.
276
00:15:22,221 --> 00:15:25,395
There's got to be a mistake. He
told us Kevin was almost cured.
277
00:15:25,458 --> 00:15:28,234
He said he was hardly using
the electrodes anymore.
278
00:15:28,294 --> 00:15:31,104
Well, that's not the way
it looks, Mr. Jeffries.
279
00:15:31,831 --> 00:15:36,177
Quite a cure. That kid was still trying
to punch himself when he died in my arms.
280
00:15:36,335 --> 00:15:40,078
Well, the ME said the boy was bruised
and the shock marks were recent.
281
00:15:40,139 --> 00:15:43,018
Doesn't exactly jibe with
Dr. Colter's bill of goods.
282
00:15:43,075 --> 00:15:45,715
I'll tell you
what it jibes with. Abuse.
283
00:15:45,778 --> 00:15:48,782
The kid was being tortured
with a couple of AA batteries.
284
00:15:48,848 --> 00:15:49,986
For what, thrills?
285
00:15:50,049 --> 00:15:52,586
What about those
$175,000 subsidies?
286
00:15:52,652 --> 00:15:55,326
I, for one, think Colter
was conning the State
287
00:15:55,388 --> 00:15:57,459
into thinking his clinic
was helping those kids.
288
00:15:57,523 --> 00:15:59,560
Do we know
for a fact it wasn't?
289
00:16:02,762 --> 00:16:06,107
If you thought your kid was being
abused, what would you do?
290
00:16:06,232 --> 00:16:08,508
This is America.
I'd sue the bastard.
291
00:16:09,068 --> 00:16:10,479
Maybe someone did.
292
00:16:14,807 --> 00:16:17,287
Cathy now attends
the Lynchburg Institute.
293
00:16:17,443 --> 00:16:20,219
It's only an hour's drive, so
we can see her every weekend.
294
00:16:20,279 --> 00:16:22,054
She's a beautiful girl,
Mrs. Davidson.
295
00:16:22,115 --> 00:16:24,220
She'll be 14 next week.
296
00:16:25,017 --> 00:16:27,395
We're having a party
here at the house.
297
00:16:28,254 --> 00:16:32,327
The progress she's made at Lynchburg
is nothing short of a miracle.
298
00:16:32,825 --> 00:16:34,736
Well, do they know something
that Colter doesn't?
299
00:16:34,794 --> 00:16:36,205
Oh, and then some.
300
00:16:36,329 --> 00:16:41,039
At the behavioral clinic, they sprayed her
with pepper juice. They used electrodes.
301
00:16:41,534 --> 00:16:44,674
But at Lynchburg, they're
given positive reinforcement.
302
00:16:44,737 --> 00:16:47,013
They're taught
relaxation techniques.
303
00:16:47,240 --> 00:16:50,016
Did Colter have your consent
to use electrodes?
304
00:16:50,510 --> 00:16:54,481
Yes, he did. He gave us a demonstration.
It seemed harmless.
305
00:16:55,581 --> 00:16:59,119
You have got to understand that
my husband and I were desperate.
306
00:16:59,852 --> 00:17:01,354
Well, why did you sue him?
307
00:17:01,420 --> 00:17:03,661
Because there is a line,
and Colter crossed it
308
00:17:03,723 --> 00:17:06,329
when he put Cathy in that
medieval torture helmet.
309
00:17:06,726 --> 00:17:10,765
A helmet? Well, we saw kids with
hockey helmets to protect their heads.
310
00:17:10,963 --> 00:17:14,103
No, there's another one.
They call it the buzzbox.
311
00:17:15,668 --> 00:17:18,274
SERENA: It works on
sensory deprivation.
312
00:17:21,641 --> 00:17:23,985
The child can't see anything.
313
00:17:24,944 --> 00:17:28,084
There's a buzzer inside the
box that makes a white noise,
314
00:17:28,147 --> 00:17:30,718
and so the child
can't hear anything.
315
00:17:30,783 --> 00:17:32,285
It's supposed
to calm them down.
316
00:17:32,351 --> 00:17:35,594
He kept Cathy in this helmet
for three straight days.
317
00:17:36,455 --> 00:17:39,265
She had bruises
on her neck right here.
318
00:17:41,594 --> 00:17:43,164
She passed out
while she was wearing it.
319
00:17:43,229 --> 00:17:46,335
We only found out because
Cathy happened to tell us.
320
00:17:46,966 --> 00:17:48,604
That's when we sued.
321
00:17:48,668 --> 00:17:51,171
Let me guess. Colter
made a quick settlement?
322
00:17:51,237 --> 00:17:54,707
No, he settled, all right, as soon
as we proved that this helmet
323
00:17:54,774 --> 00:17:57,812
cut off the blood supply
to our daughter's brain.
324
00:17:57,877 --> 00:17:58,981
Is he still using that?
325
00:17:59,045 --> 00:18:01,025
No, we made sure
that he wouldn't.
326
00:18:01,080 --> 00:18:03,788
We got the State
to ban the use of this helmet.
327
00:18:04,617 --> 00:18:06,392
Nice piece of equipment.
328
00:18:06,619 --> 00:18:08,929
Something out of the Marquis
de Sade's catalogue?
329
00:18:08,988 --> 00:18:11,696
Apparently Dr. Colter
cooked this one up in his lab.
330
00:18:11,757 --> 00:18:14,795
Could it have caused the blood
clot on Kevin Jeffries?
331
00:18:14,961 --> 00:18:17,942
Well, the helmet comes almost
all the way down the neck.
332
00:18:17,997 --> 00:18:20,136
The repetitive carotid damage
occurred here,
333
00:18:20,199 --> 00:18:21,940
five centimeters
below the left ear.
334
00:18:22,001 --> 00:18:24,572
Same place the Davidson girl
had the bruises.
335
00:18:24,770 --> 00:18:26,681
So it's possible
that could've killed him?
336
00:18:26,739 --> 00:18:29,242
Yes, I'd say
it's the probable cause.
337
00:18:29,509 --> 00:18:32,251
Bring me the helmet,
and I'll tell you for sure.
338
00:18:33,045 --> 00:18:34,319
(CAR HORN HONKING)
339
00:18:34,380 --> 00:18:36,792
(WOMAN CHATTERING
ON POLICE RADIO)
340
00:18:36,916 --> 00:18:39,328
Come on. Lights on,
nobody home?
341
00:18:39,552 --> 00:18:40,929
Here we go.
342
00:18:41,187 --> 00:18:42,393
What do you want?
343
00:18:42,488 --> 00:18:45,298
Office hours are 8:30 to 5:30.
Come back tomorrow.
344
00:18:45,725 --> 00:18:49,138
Police! Warrant.
Get it? Open up!
345
00:18:52,999 --> 00:18:55,036
Look, I'm not supposed
to let anyone in or out.
346
00:18:55,101 --> 00:18:56,910
Dr. Colter's very strict
about the rules.
347
00:18:56,969 --> 00:18:58,073
I bet. Where is he?
348
00:18:58,137 --> 00:19:00,549
He's not back in
until 10:00 in the morning.
349
00:19:01,874 --> 00:19:03,376
Sorry. Go back to sleep.
350
00:19:03,442 --> 00:19:06,013
Look, if you tell me what you're
looking for, maybe I can help you out.
351
00:19:06,078 --> 00:19:08,888
This is what we're looking for.
They call it a buzzbox.
352
00:19:08,948 --> 00:19:10,757
We don't use those anymore.
353
00:19:13,119 --> 00:19:14,598
What's in here?
354
00:19:14,654 --> 00:19:16,099
It's a treatment room.
355
00:19:16,489 --> 00:19:18,366
Open it. Open it.
356
00:19:22,261 --> 00:19:24,070
(ELECTRICITY BUZZING)
357
00:19:25,531 --> 00:19:27,408
What the hell is this?
Who are you?
358
00:19:27,466 --> 00:19:29,946
Shut up! Let's get him
off of this thing.
359
00:19:32,305 --> 00:19:35,343
Detective Briscoe, we didn't
find any buzzbox helmets.
360
00:19:35,408 --> 00:19:37,649
Oh, great.
No helmets, no case.
361
00:19:37,777 --> 00:19:39,017
What about this?
362
00:19:39,111 --> 00:19:41,113
The kid's rigged up
for electrocution.
363
00:19:41,180 --> 00:19:42,716
It's assault. Arrest him.
364
00:19:42,782 --> 00:19:44,591
What's your name?
Joe Garvey.
365
00:19:44,650 --> 00:19:46,926
Joe Garvey, you're under
arrest for assault.
366
00:19:46,986 --> 00:19:50,331
You have the right to remain silent.
Anything you say, can and will be used
367
00:19:50,389 --> 00:19:52,869
against you in a court of law.
You understand that?
368
00:19:52,925 --> 00:19:55,633
Come on. You have the
right to an attorney...
369
00:19:57,964 --> 00:20:01,468
You've got the wrong idea, Mr. McCoy.
Joe was just doing his job.
370
00:20:01,834 --> 00:20:03,643
"I was just following orders."
371
00:20:03,703 --> 00:20:05,546
Where have I heard that before?
372
00:20:05,605 --> 00:20:07,881
Joe's a comp lit major at NYU.
373
00:20:08,074 --> 00:20:11,055
Two weeks ago he takes a
night job to pay some bills.
374
00:20:11,243 --> 00:20:14,520
The men in the white coats tell
him what to do. He does it.
375
00:20:14,613 --> 00:20:17,321
I just want to be
very clear here, Mr. Garvey.
376
00:20:18,217 --> 00:20:20,993
Was Dr. Colter aware of what was
going on at the clinic at night?
377
00:20:21,053 --> 00:20:22,430
Oh, not so fast.
378
00:20:22,755 --> 00:20:25,929
Joe doesn't even have a parking ticket.
I want to keep it that way.
379
00:20:25,992 --> 00:20:27,938
Let's hear what he has to say.
380
00:20:31,597 --> 00:20:34,476
Colter's the one who strapped
him in before he left.
381
00:20:34,533 --> 00:20:36,809
He put the electrodes
on the boy's chest and back?
382
00:20:36,869 --> 00:20:40,646
Yeah. He told me
to shock him every 10 minutes.
383
00:20:42,241 --> 00:20:45,120
He told me it was all
part of the aversion therapy.
384
00:20:46,645 --> 00:20:48,147
I didn't wanna hurt him.
385
00:20:48,214 --> 00:20:54,028
Did you ever put a helmet like this one on
Kevin Jeffries or any of the other kids?
386
00:20:55,354 --> 00:20:58,824
No. No, I've never
seen anything like it.
387
00:21:02,028 --> 00:21:03,666
Before I arrest Colter
for assault,
388
00:21:03,729 --> 00:21:06,972
I need to know I'm not stepping
onto a half-frozen lake.
389
00:21:08,067 --> 00:21:10,911
Can he legitimately claim
what he's doing is therapy?
390
00:21:10,970 --> 00:21:12,381
Twenty years ago he could've.
391
00:21:12,438 --> 00:21:15,783
Aversion therapy was the hot new thing
to treat alcoholics and drug addicts.
392
00:21:15,841 --> 00:21:18,378
But it's a quick fix.
It doesn't really work.
393
00:21:18,444 --> 00:21:21,015
Well, apparently he's convinced
the State that it does.
394
00:21:21,080 --> 00:21:24,152
That's because he can show
them short-term improvements.
395
00:21:24,216 --> 00:21:27,288
The problem is the patients
develop a tolerance for the pain,
396
00:21:27,353 --> 00:21:29,128
and the old behavior
comes back.
397
00:21:29,188 --> 00:21:31,327
That's why he had to use
more powerful electrodes.
398
00:21:31,390 --> 00:21:33,495
More pain to achieve
the same results.
399
00:21:33,559 --> 00:21:35,561
Have you read his r?sum??
400
00:21:35,828 --> 00:21:38,172
Degrees and kudos
by the bucketful.
401
00:21:38,898 --> 00:21:41,742
Colter's post-doctoral thesis
on aversion was called
402
00:21:41,801 --> 00:21:44,680
"a quantum leap
in the treatment of autism."
403
00:21:44,737 --> 00:21:45,943
(SNICKERS)
404
00:21:46,005 --> 00:21:48,713
He has more than his
pocketbook riding on this.
405
00:21:48,941 --> 00:21:51,683
A true believer. That just
makes him more frightening.
406
00:21:51,744 --> 00:21:53,587
Have the police pick him up.
407
00:21:54,814 --> 00:22:00,594
Assault? Next you'll arrest my allergist
for injecting me twice a month.
408
00:22:00,853 --> 00:22:04,198
If he put you in four-point restraints
and shocked you every 10 minutes,
409
00:22:04,256 --> 00:22:05,360
I'd consider it.
410
00:22:05,424 --> 00:22:07,062
It's part of the therapy.
411
00:22:07,126 --> 00:22:08,628
It's all State sanctioned.
412
00:22:08,694 --> 00:22:11,538
They didn't sanction
what we found at your clinic.
413
00:22:11,730 --> 00:22:14,904
This boy was given shocks
every 10 minutes on his torso
414
00:22:14,967 --> 00:22:18,471
with electrodes 20 times more
powerful than the industry norm.
415
00:22:18,938 --> 00:22:21,475
They're closer to cattle prods
than anything used on humans.
416
00:22:21,540 --> 00:22:23,520
You thumbed your nose
at State guidelines,
417
00:22:23,576 --> 00:22:26,056
and one boy may very well
be dead as a result.
418
00:22:26,112 --> 00:22:29,116
That's nonsense. I'm down in the
trenches every day with those children,
419
00:22:29,181 --> 00:22:31,161
and some bureaucrat in Albany...
Alan.
420
00:22:31,217 --> 00:22:33,060
You know better? Is that it?
421
00:22:35,254 --> 00:22:37,564
Is that why you
continue to use this?
422
00:22:41,193 --> 00:22:43,002
Of course not.
What are you talking about?
423
00:22:43,062 --> 00:22:45,440
We found marks
on Kevin Jeffries' neck,
424
00:22:45,798 --> 00:22:49,177
the same marks that Cathy Davidson
got from wearing that helmet.
425
00:22:49,235 --> 00:22:52,216
Kevin gave himself those injuries.
He was out of control.
426
00:22:52,271 --> 00:22:54,911
You told his parents
he was practically cured.
427
00:22:56,275 --> 00:22:57,549
They misunderstood me.
428
00:22:57,610 --> 00:23:02,286
Doctor, I don't know if you're a
sadist or a conman or a fanatic.
429
00:23:03,215 --> 00:23:06,321
Whatever your motives,
your actions are criminal,
430
00:23:07,286 --> 00:23:09,493
not to mention indefensible.
431
00:23:09,555 --> 00:23:13,867
You say they're criminal. We say
they're legitimate therapy.
432
00:23:16,095 --> 00:23:18,132
Tomorrow we'll find out
what a judge calls them.
433
00:23:18,197 --> 00:23:19,733
Motion to dismiss.
434
00:23:24,236 --> 00:23:26,113
ROTHENBERG: They called
B.F. Skinner a genius.
435
00:23:26,172 --> 00:23:29,847
Dr. Colter's aversion therapy
program is merely an extension
436
00:23:30,176 --> 00:23:32,281
of Skinner's
stimulus response theories.
437
00:23:32,344 --> 00:23:36,156
Skinner worked with pigeons.
Dr. Colter was torturing human beings.
438
00:23:36,448 --> 00:23:39,088
Medical treatment
is often painful.
439
00:23:39,919 --> 00:23:42,729
Cancer patients receive chemo.
I don't see Mr. McCoy
440
00:23:42,788 --> 00:23:45,029
parading through Sloan-Kettering
with an arrest warrant.
441
00:23:45,090 --> 00:23:46,364
Wait a minute.
442
00:23:46,926 --> 00:23:50,601
Chemotherapy is a far cry from
assaulting someone with electrodes.
443
00:23:50,696 --> 00:23:54,337
Think about it. It's only assault
if the patient doesn't consent
444
00:23:54,400 --> 00:23:56,277
or if Dr. Colter
intended to hurt them.
445
00:23:56,335 --> 00:23:57,780
Or he was reckless.
446
00:23:58,404 --> 00:24:01,317
These children have shown
marked improvement.
447
00:24:02,141 --> 00:24:04,417
Now, how reckless can he be?
448
00:24:05,678 --> 00:24:07,180
He's got a point, Mr. McCoy.
449
00:24:07,246 --> 00:24:10,386
JACK: The People don't concede there
have been long-lasting improvements.
450
00:24:10,449 --> 00:24:14,261
Regardless, Dr. Colter
broke every State regulation.
451
00:24:14,553 --> 00:24:16,590
He crossed the line
between therapy and abuse.
452
00:24:16,655 --> 00:24:19,192
Your Honor, the only issue here
453
00:24:19,992 --> 00:24:23,804
is whether Dr. Colter received
parental consent for his therapy.
454
00:24:23,862 --> 00:24:24,932
Informed consent.
455
00:24:24,997 --> 00:24:26,908
Well, then,
let's ask the parents
456
00:24:26,966 --> 00:24:28,673
whether they know
what they consented to?
457
00:24:28,734 --> 00:24:30,111
It's a good idea.
458
00:24:30,836 --> 00:24:33,009
I'll hear from them
in the morning.
459
00:24:33,272 --> 00:24:36,276
NANCY: Nobody,
no State hospital,
460
00:24:36,609 --> 00:24:39,351
no doctor would have
anything to do with Robbie.
461
00:24:40,446 --> 00:24:43,154
Dr. Colter was the only one
who would take him.
462
00:24:46,018 --> 00:24:48,396
He showed us
how the electrodes worked.
463
00:24:50,756 --> 00:24:53,999
It was very difficult
watching Robbie in pain.
464
00:24:55,427 --> 00:24:59,034
But it only lasted a couple of seconds,
and then Robbie would calm down.
465
00:24:59,098 --> 00:25:03,046
Did he explain how often the shocks
would have to be administered?
466
00:25:03,335 --> 00:25:04,370
Yes.
467
00:25:04,970 --> 00:25:08,816
He said sometimes as often
as every 10 minutes.
468
00:25:09,408 --> 00:25:12,218
Were you aware that violated
the State guidelines?
469
00:25:12,444 --> 00:25:13,445
Yes.
470
00:25:14,413 --> 00:25:16,620
But if it worked,
I didn't care.
471
00:25:17,583 --> 00:25:20,086
Three years ago
the experts told us
472
00:25:20,152 --> 00:25:22,632
our son didn't belong
in the education system.
473
00:25:23,789 --> 00:25:26,292
One principal even
called him "subhuman."
474
00:25:28,494 --> 00:25:32,704
Now Robbie works at a computer,
thanks to Dr. Colter.
475
00:25:33,632 --> 00:25:36,044
GOLDEN: It's not like
anything you've ever seen.
476
00:25:36,635 --> 00:25:39,445
Kids pulling their hair out,
their teeth.
477
00:25:40,773 --> 00:25:45,051
You give my kid a pencil, he's gonna jab
it into his cheek, for crying out loud.
478
00:25:45,110 --> 00:25:49,559
Did Dr. Colter tell you his therapy
went beyond what the State allowed
479
00:25:49,615 --> 00:25:51,424
in frequency and intensity?
480
00:25:51,483 --> 00:25:52,723
What do they know?
481
00:25:53,585 --> 00:25:56,998
Is it better my kid become a
drugged-out blob with open wounds?
482
00:25:57,790 --> 00:26:00,964
They got some chutzpah telling
me what to do with my kid.
483
00:26:01,226 --> 00:26:05,333
I'm his legal guardian. I should be the
one who decides what happens to him.
484
00:26:06,799 --> 00:26:08,972
Thank you for coming in,
Mr. Golden.
485
00:26:13,806 --> 00:26:17,777
Seems to me these parents went into
this with their eyes wide open.
486
00:26:18,177 --> 00:26:21,784
If the parents are satisfied with
Dr. Colter's work, then so am I.
487
00:26:21,914 --> 00:26:23,655
The People are not, Your Honor.
488
00:26:23,716 --> 00:26:26,560
The defendant made unauthorized
use of this therapy
489
00:26:27,086 --> 00:26:29,088
in violation of
State guidelines.
490
00:26:29,154 --> 00:26:33,398
Which justifies an administrative
hearing, not a criminal trial.
491
00:26:35,894 --> 00:26:38,431
Now, the indictment
for assault is quashed.
492
00:26:40,232 --> 00:26:42,508
What do you expect?
These are the '90s.
493
00:26:42,668 --> 00:26:46,241
People don't want the State telling
them how to raise their kids.
494
00:26:46,305 --> 00:26:50,276
He's convinced these parents he's
right, that his therapy actually works.
495
00:26:51,076 --> 00:26:52,919
It didn't work
for Kevin Jeffries.
496
00:26:52,978 --> 00:26:54,548
The Jeffries kid, yeah.
497
00:26:55,047 --> 00:26:57,493
The parents might've consented
to Colter's therapy,
498
00:26:57,549 --> 00:26:59,426
but they can't consent
to murder.
499
00:26:59,485 --> 00:27:01,692
There's no murder
without the helmet.
500
00:27:02,187 --> 00:27:05,066
My bet is Colter took
a sledgehammer to it
501
00:27:05,124 --> 00:27:07,536
the minute Kevin Jeffries
death hit the news.
502
00:27:07,826 --> 00:27:09,931
Jack, I may have
found something.
503
00:27:10,262 --> 00:27:13,937
That's the Davidsons' initial complaint
in the suit about the buzzbox helmet.
504
00:27:13,999 --> 00:27:15,945
There are 13 named defendants.
505
00:27:16,502 --> 00:27:18,948
That's civil litigation.
You name everyone in sight.
506
00:27:19,004 --> 00:27:22,383
Yeah, that's right, but take a
look at the amended complaint.
507
00:27:23,375 --> 00:27:25,878
There are only
12 named defendants.
508
00:27:26,879 --> 00:27:29,689
An occupational therapist,
Josh Bingham, was dropped.
509
00:27:29,748 --> 00:27:33,924
It could be because he had testimony
that would bolster the plaintiff's case.
510
00:27:35,020 --> 00:27:36,021
(WHISTLE BLOWING)
511
00:27:36,088 --> 00:27:38,329
All right, then, all right.
Don't push off.
512
00:27:39,491 --> 00:27:43,633
I graduated from Columbia
with a degree in psych.
513
00:27:44,396 --> 00:27:46,000
That job was a nightmare.
514
00:27:46,064 --> 00:27:48,544
I work for three months,
then get named in a lawsuit.
515
00:27:48,600 --> 00:27:50,409
You settled
with the Davidsons early?
516
00:27:50,469 --> 00:27:51,504
Are you kidding?
517
00:27:51,570 --> 00:27:53,015
I agreed to testify for them.
518
00:27:53,072 --> 00:27:56,281
I wrote a 23-page affidavit about
what was going on at that clinic.
519
00:27:56,341 --> 00:28:00,153
Let me tell you. Colter?
He'd make Dr. Mengele proud.
520
00:28:00,612 --> 00:28:02,922
You saw what was going on, but
you continued to work there?
521
00:28:02,981 --> 00:28:05,552
Well, the first time
I saw him use that buzzbox,
522
00:28:05,684 --> 00:28:08,631
I went right down to Colter's office.
He read me this long laundry list
523
00:28:08,687 --> 00:28:11,133
of his success stories,
told me I'd get used to it.
524
00:28:11,190 --> 00:28:14,330
I went right back down to my office,
started looking at the "help wanted" ads.
525
00:28:14,393 --> 00:28:17,931
Let me tell you, it's a good thing for
those kids that the Davidsons came along.
526
00:28:17,996 --> 00:28:20,977
Do you think Colter's still
using the buzzbox helmet?
527
00:28:21,567 --> 00:28:24,480
What, and risk getting hit
with another lawsuit?
528
00:28:24,636 --> 00:28:28,140
Actually, we think it killed one
of his patients, Kevin Jeffries.
529
00:28:28,207 --> 00:28:30,209
That's what we'd like to prove.
530
00:28:31,443 --> 00:28:33,753
Maybe I know someone
who can help you.
531
00:28:33,912 --> 00:28:37,689
Francine Randazzo.
One of the therapy assistants.
532
00:28:38,851 --> 00:28:41,730
She stayed on at the clinic
after the Davidson thing.
533
00:28:41,787 --> 00:28:43,698
Why would she talk to us now?
534
00:28:44,857 --> 00:28:47,838
She called me a couple of
weeks ago looking for work.
535
00:28:48,760 --> 00:28:50,865
She got laid off
from the clinic.
536
00:28:54,900 --> 00:28:57,437
After the Davidson lawsuit,
they used the helmet less.
537
00:28:57,502 --> 00:29:01,416
Only in extreme cases. We weren't
supposed to even talk about it.
538
00:29:02,307 --> 00:29:04,548
Ms. Randazzo,
were you still working there
539
00:29:04,610 --> 00:29:06,556
when Kevin Jeffries
was undergoing treatment?
540
00:29:06,612 --> 00:29:09,183
Yes. It broke my heart.
541
00:29:09,281 --> 00:29:12,626
He'd be like you and me for a couple of
days, and then he'd totally freak out.
542
00:29:12,684 --> 00:29:15,130
He'd start slamming his head
against the wall.
543
00:29:15,187 --> 00:29:19,658
When he started doing this, did
Dr. Colter use the buzzbox helmet on him?
544
00:29:19,725 --> 00:29:20,726
Yes.
545
00:29:21,660 --> 00:29:25,540
Sometimes he'd strap Kevin in a chair
for three or four days at a time.
546
00:29:25,831 --> 00:29:26,969
With the helmet?
547
00:29:27,032 --> 00:29:28,136
That's right.
548
00:29:28,867 --> 00:29:30,710
I couldn't even look at him.
549
00:29:31,603 --> 00:29:35,141
He'd only let him out to go to
the bathroom and take a shower.
550
00:29:37,876 --> 00:29:40,789
Excuse me!
Dr. Colter is with a patient!
551
00:29:40,846 --> 00:29:41,916
Then, we're just in time.
552
00:29:41,980 --> 00:29:43,653
WOMAN: You can't go in there!
553
00:29:44,016 --> 00:29:46,622
Come on, come on, hold him. What's going on?
This is private.
554
00:29:46,685 --> 00:29:49,632
Not any more, it's not. Alan
Colter, you're under arrest
555
00:29:49,688 --> 00:29:53,158
for the murder of Kevin Jeffries. You
have the right to remain silent.
556
00:29:53,225 --> 00:29:55,171
Anything you do say,
can and will...
557
00:29:57,162 --> 00:29:59,665
And this
is your reliable witness?
558
00:30:00,866 --> 00:30:04,336
Oh, I'm sure Ms. Randazzo
559
00:30:04,536 --> 00:30:08,484
is just dying to throw bouquets
at the employer who laid her off.
560
00:30:08,540 --> 00:30:11,419
Dr. Colter gave her a job
for the last two years.
561
00:30:11,810 --> 00:30:13,414
He must think she's reliable.
562
00:30:13,512 --> 00:30:16,220
What, and after three weeks
of job interviews,
563
00:30:16,281 --> 00:30:18,727
she suddenly finds
his methods abhorrent?
564
00:30:19,318 --> 00:30:21,798
She had the chance
to speak up months ago.
565
00:30:21,920 --> 00:30:26,391
Anything she says now is gonna smell a
little ripe to a jury, don't you think?
566
00:30:26,458 --> 00:30:29,769
Not if it confirms what they
hear from the medical examiner.
567
00:30:30,429 --> 00:30:34,104
We no longer use the
deprivation helmet. Period.
568
00:30:35,334 --> 00:30:38,611
Misguided as the State's decision
was, we went along with it.
569
00:30:38,670 --> 00:30:41,844
It's statements like that, Dr. Colter,
that make me wonder if you did.
570
00:30:41,907 --> 00:30:43,944
ROTHENBERG: Then,
don't take his word for it.
571
00:30:44,142 --> 00:30:46,019
We have an eyewitness
who'll testify
572
00:30:46,078 --> 00:30:48,786
that the helmet was never used
on Kevin Jeffries.
573
00:30:49,748 --> 00:30:51,921
His roommate, David Vilardi.
574
00:30:52,217 --> 00:30:53,890
An autistic child?
575
00:30:54,052 --> 00:30:56,965
We're not talking about a
potted plant, Mr. McCoy.
576
00:30:57,389 --> 00:30:59,892
According to this report,
Kevin's roommate is mute.
577
00:30:59,958 --> 00:31:03,565
He can still communicate with
the help of a facilitator.
578
00:31:03,829 --> 00:31:06,105
That's all fine and good,
but how could he possibly know
579
00:31:06,164 --> 00:31:07,666
what you did to Kevin Jeffries?
580
00:31:07,733 --> 00:31:09,212
They were roommates
581
00:31:09,968 --> 00:31:11,811
in a very small institution.
582
00:31:13,638 --> 00:31:17,643
How long do you think something like
this could've been kept secret?
583
00:31:23,915 --> 00:31:27,089
Now, Mrs. Vilardi is going
to stabilize David's hand
584
00:31:27,185 --> 00:31:31,429
so that he can point accurately, but
she's not going to guide his answers.
585
00:31:32,491 --> 00:31:33,731
Mrs. Vilardi.
586
00:31:37,662 --> 00:31:40,575
Ask my son anything
you want, Mr. McCoy.
587
00:31:41,500 --> 00:31:44,811
David, do you know
why you're here today?
588
00:31:49,041 --> 00:31:50,042
"Yes."
589
00:31:52,577 --> 00:31:54,989
Did you ever see
Kevin wearing a helmet?
590
00:31:59,284 --> 00:32:00,285
"Yes."
591
00:32:00,686 --> 00:32:02,393
(KEYBOARD CLICKING)
592
00:32:03,054 --> 00:32:04,055
"White"
593
00:32:06,224 --> 00:32:07,225
"helmet."
594
00:32:09,194 --> 00:32:12,141
You mean the white hockey
helmet he wore for protection?
595
00:32:16,168 --> 00:32:17,169
"Yes."
596
00:32:19,037 --> 00:32:22,075
Did you ever see him wearing
any other kind of helmet?
597
00:32:23,108 --> 00:32:24,109
"No."
598
00:32:27,412 --> 00:32:28,686
"Just the white"
599
00:32:30,449 --> 00:32:31,450
"helmet."
600
00:32:37,022 --> 00:32:41,368
Did he ever tell you that Dr. Colter
made him wear another kind of helmet?
601
00:32:43,495 --> 00:32:44,496
"No."
602
00:32:44,963 --> 00:32:47,967
Did he ever mention something
called the buzzbox?
603
00:32:50,202 --> 00:32:51,203
"No."
604
00:32:52,637 --> 00:32:55,550
Are you absolutely sure
he never mentioned it?
605
00:32:57,909 --> 00:32:58,979
"Yes."
606
00:33:02,013 --> 00:33:05,017
"Kevin only wore"
607
00:33:06,518 --> 00:33:09,556
"the white helmet,"
608
00:33:12,991 --> 00:33:14,163
"not the red."
609
00:33:19,998 --> 00:33:23,138
I've read David's file. He's
been non-verbal all his life.
610
00:33:23,201 --> 00:33:24,680
His IQ was measured at 30.
611
00:33:24,736 --> 00:33:27,478
There's no record he's ever
been taught to read or write.
612
00:33:27,539 --> 00:33:29,485
All of a sudden
he's typing on a computer.
613
00:33:29,541 --> 00:33:30,611
Pretty neat trick.
614
00:33:30,675 --> 00:33:32,586
DR. OLIVET:
There's an even better trick.
615
00:33:32,711 --> 00:33:35,123
David's IQ was retested after
he started communicating,
616
00:33:35,180 --> 00:33:37,854
and he scored
between 100 and 130.
617
00:33:38,083 --> 00:33:41,087
Which probably coincides
with his mother's IQ.
618
00:33:41,319 --> 00:33:44,926
She was holding his hands.
She was guiding his responses.
619
00:33:44,990 --> 00:33:48,528
Well, you don't think this facilitated
communication is for real.
620
00:33:48,593 --> 00:33:51,233
It's been around since the mid-'70s,
and it's still taught at universities,
621
00:33:51,296 --> 00:33:54,675
but by and large the scientific
community does not support it.
622
00:33:54,733 --> 00:33:58,044
That's the bottom line.
I'll move for a hearing.
623
00:33:58,970 --> 00:34:03,282
If the technique isn't generally accepted,
David's not qualified to be a witness.
624
00:34:05,710 --> 00:34:08,520
JACK: Frye v. US
is very clear, Your Honor.
625
00:34:08,580 --> 00:34:10,992
Until a scientific technique
gains general acceptance,
626
00:34:11,049 --> 00:34:13,086
it can't be used in evidence.
627
00:34:13,251 --> 00:34:15,060
General acceptance by whom?
628
00:34:15,553 --> 00:34:18,557
Neurologists? Speech pathologists?
Special education teachers?
629
00:34:18,623 --> 00:34:20,796
These people can't even agree
on what causes autism.
630
00:34:20,859 --> 00:34:24,102
Two courts have already agreed
that facilitated communication
631
00:34:24,162 --> 00:34:26,403
doesn't meet the standard
for scientific evidence.
632
00:34:26,464 --> 00:34:28,637
So, a couple of family
court judges were guided
633
00:34:28,700 --> 00:34:31,112
by their prejudice
against the disabled.
634
00:34:31,303 --> 00:34:32,338
Mr. Rothenberg.
635
00:34:32,404 --> 00:34:34,816
That's what it boils down to,
Your Honor.
636
00:34:35,073 --> 00:34:39,146
People with disabilities are being denied
their opportunity to be heard in court.
637
00:34:39,211 --> 00:34:42,749
I just want to be sure the voice
being heard is David Vilardi's.
638
00:34:42,881 --> 00:34:46,829
Mr. McCoy, making that determination
is why I wear the robe.
639
00:34:47,953 --> 00:34:51,332
I've heard the legal arguments. Now
I'd like to hear from some experts
640
00:34:51,389 --> 00:34:53,596
who know
what they're talking about.
641
00:34:54,225 --> 00:34:56,865
And I'd also like to hear
from David himself.
642
00:35:00,198 --> 00:35:02,974
I've worked with autistic
children for the past 20 years.
643
00:35:03,034 --> 00:35:06,504
I've read all the studies done
on facilitated communication,
644
00:35:06,571 --> 00:35:08,744
and I've seen it
used in the field.
645
00:35:09,141 --> 00:35:13,590
I haven't seen anything I consider
sufficient to say it's valid.
646
00:35:14,246 --> 00:35:16,419
You don't think it works,
Dr. Chaikin?
647
00:35:16,481 --> 00:35:19,985
There's no proof of its reliability
with autistic children.
648
00:35:20,619 --> 00:35:24,931
In my opinion, the messages reflect
the facilitator's coaching.
649
00:35:25,457 --> 00:35:27,698
Are you saying that
there's deception involved?
650
00:35:27,759 --> 00:35:30,899
DR. CHAIKIN: No. More like
wishful thinking.
651
00:35:31,963 --> 00:35:34,773
For parents, there's nothing better in
the world than to have your child say,
652
00:35:34,833 --> 00:35:37,313
"I love you,"
and have a true sense of it.
653
00:35:37,436 --> 00:35:39,541
Autistic children
can't do that.
654
00:35:40,038 --> 00:35:44,384
So, when something comes along that
promises meaningful communication,
655
00:35:44,809 --> 00:35:48,780
parents and people who work with
autistic children believe in it.
656
00:35:49,648 --> 00:35:51,559
Thank you. No more questions.
657
00:35:53,118 --> 00:35:57,999
Dr. Chaikin, does
facilitated communication
658
00:35:58,056 --> 00:35:59,535
have its proponents?
659
00:35:59,591 --> 00:36:01,969
Yes. So do Ouija boards.
660
00:36:02,761 --> 00:36:05,332
Do you know of any
university-affiliated institutions
661
00:36:05,397 --> 00:36:07,843
dedicated to
the study of Ouija boards?
662
00:36:09,501 --> 00:36:11,606
No, I don't.
And are you familiar
663
00:36:11,670 --> 00:36:15,482
with the Facilitated Communication
Institute at Syracuse University?
664
00:36:15,840 --> 00:36:17,183
Yes, I am.
665
00:36:17,375 --> 00:36:18,513
No more questions.
666
00:36:20,378 --> 00:36:24,588
I've seen the technique used
successfully with the autistic,
667
00:36:24,749 --> 00:36:28,219
with people with Down syndrome,
with cerebral palsy.
668
00:36:28,286 --> 00:36:32,359
And do you consider the technique generally
accepted by people in your field?
669
00:36:32,424 --> 00:36:35,894
It is gaining wider acceptance
with teachers and parents.
670
00:36:35,960 --> 00:36:37,530
It's being used in the schools.
671
00:36:37,596 --> 00:36:40,440
Thousands of people have been
trained as facilitators.
672
00:36:40,799 --> 00:36:44,645
It's not the holy grail of
autism, but it's very important.
673
00:36:44,703 --> 00:36:46,011
Thank you.
674
00:36:47,639 --> 00:36:51,587
Dr. Gerard, are there empirical
studies validating this technique
675
00:36:51,743 --> 00:36:53,051
that you're aware of?
676
00:36:53,111 --> 00:36:54,146
DR. GERARD: No.
677
00:36:54,212 --> 00:36:57,557
It's not like the law of gravity.
It can't be proven that way.
678
00:36:57,616 --> 00:37:00,995
Are there established procedures
for monitoring facilitators?
679
00:37:01,853 --> 00:37:03,457
None that are
generally accepted.
680
00:37:03,521 --> 00:37:06,400
Is it fair to say this
technique is experimental?
681
00:37:07,192 --> 00:37:09,297
Well, the research
isn't complete yet.
682
00:37:09,361 --> 00:37:10,999
Thank you.
No more questions.
683
00:37:12,130 --> 00:37:14,838
MRS. VILARDI: The first word
David typed was "water."
684
00:37:15,300 --> 00:37:16,608
He was thirsty.
685
00:37:17,402 --> 00:37:21,350
That was five months ago, when David
first started living at the clinic.
686
00:37:22,140 --> 00:37:24,620
Since then we have
regular conversations.
687
00:37:26,011 --> 00:37:31,393
I found out my son has a sense of humor.
He likes girls. He writes poetry.
688
00:37:32,250 --> 00:37:34,025
He loves his family.
689
00:37:35,153 --> 00:37:38,259
After all these years,
I found my child.
690
00:37:39,858 --> 00:37:42,702
Thank you.
No more questions.
691
00:37:51,036 --> 00:37:52,515
Mrs. Vilardi,
692
00:37:54,172 --> 00:37:55,981
I'd like to show
something to David.
693
00:37:56,040 --> 00:37:57,212
Go right ahead.
694
00:38:02,013 --> 00:38:04,755
If you don't mind,
would you look the other way?
695
00:38:10,355 --> 00:38:11,766
Your Honor?
696
00:38:12,257 --> 00:38:15,966
Mrs. Vilardi,
do as Mr. McCoy asks.
697
00:38:30,709 --> 00:38:33,280
David, please look at the card.
698
00:38:42,587 --> 00:38:44,726
You can turn around,
Mrs. Vilardi.
699
00:38:48,059 --> 00:38:51,336
David, please tell us what's
on the card I just showed you.
700
00:39:07,145 --> 00:39:08,647
Did he get it right?
701
00:39:09,414 --> 00:39:12,190
No. I'm sorry.
702
00:39:13,652 --> 00:39:17,156
No more questions. He's just nervous.
Let him see it again.
703
00:39:17,622 --> 00:39:21,502
Mr. McCoy, show the witness the
card one more time, please.
704
00:39:24,229 --> 00:39:25,469
RIVERA: Mrs. Vilardi.
705
00:39:35,740 --> 00:39:37,447
David, look at the card.
706
00:39:43,615 --> 00:39:45,754
David, tell us
what's on the card.
707
00:40:10,408 --> 00:40:12,410
RIVERA: All right,
Mrs. Vilardi, you're excused.
708
00:40:12,477 --> 00:40:14,013
MRS. VILARDI:
This isn't fair.
709
00:40:14,646 --> 00:40:16,751
David just doesn't understand
what you want.
710
00:40:16,815 --> 00:40:17,953
Mrs. Vilardi, please.
711
00:40:18,016 --> 00:40:19,461
You're not being fair!
712
00:40:20,752 --> 00:40:24,859
Dr. Colter, please explain to them
they're not giving him a chance.
713
00:40:24,923 --> 00:40:27,062
Mrs. Vilardi, please.
714
00:40:30,028 --> 00:40:31,507
You're excused.
715
00:40:36,601 --> 00:40:39,445
We just got a judge to tell Mrs. Vilardi
that she's been talking to herself
716
00:40:39,504 --> 00:40:41,245
for the last five months.
717
00:40:41,706 --> 00:40:44,186
That doesn't exactly make me
want to jump up and cheer.
718
00:40:44,242 --> 00:40:48,884
Just a minute. We didn't drag this boy into
the spotlight. Our good doctor did that.
719
00:40:50,148 --> 00:40:52,719
Placing his interests
ahead of his patients'.
720
00:40:52,851 --> 00:40:55,957
I don't think his patients
even figured in the equation.
721
00:40:56,020 --> 00:40:59,695
None of which put us any closer to proving
he used the helmet on Kevin Jeffries.
722
00:40:59,757 --> 00:41:02,363
Anyone confirmed
Ms. Randazzo's testimony?
723
00:41:03,127 --> 00:41:06,665
We reinterviewed the employees.
They all say they didn't know.
724
00:41:12,003 --> 00:41:14,483
Maybe somebody already told us
what we need.
725
00:41:17,809 --> 00:41:20,517
David Vilardi entered
the clinic five months ago,
726
00:41:20,578 --> 00:41:23,752
after the State had already
banned the use of the helmet.
727
00:41:23,982 --> 00:41:28,089
We can assume neither he nor
his mother ever saw it.
728
00:41:28,553 --> 00:41:29,998
That's what they said
in their deposition.
729
00:41:30,054 --> 00:41:33,729
They also said that Kevin
never wore the red helmet.
730
00:41:34,692 --> 00:41:36,296
How would they know
what color it is?
731
00:41:36,361 --> 00:41:37,499
Ask them.
732
00:41:39,998 --> 00:41:43,002
Three people saw it
on the television monitor.
733
00:41:44,402 --> 00:41:46,177
We heard you say it.
734
00:41:46,904 --> 00:41:49,646
Maybe one of the other kids
told him it was red.
735
00:41:50,508 --> 00:41:55,355
Mrs. Vilardi, I don't wanna put
your son through another ordeal.
736
00:41:56,247 --> 00:41:58,693
Maybe I told him.
I can't remember.
737
00:41:58,783 --> 00:42:00,228
How did you know?
738
00:42:02,287 --> 00:42:04,289
Have you seen the helmet?
739
00:42:04,722 --> 00:42:06,360
I saw a picture of it.
740
00:42:06,424 --> 00:42:07,494
Where?
741
00:42:11,462 --> 00:42:13,567
You've seen it used,
haven't you?
742
00:42:16,935 --> 00:42:19,745
I can compel your answer,
Mrs. Vilardi.
743
00:42:20,705 --> 00:42:22,582
Yes, I've seen it.
744
00:42:22,874 --> 00:42:24,217
On Kevin Jeffries?
745
00:42:28,947 --> 00:42:30,654
They use it on your son.
746
00:42:31,382 --> 00:42:33,521
It works, Mr. McCoy.
747
00:42:33,785 --> 00:42:36,493
A boy died because
he was forced to wear it.
748
00:42:37,822 --> 00:42:39,495
My David is alive.
749
00:42:40,825 --> 00:42:43,135
More alive than he's ever been.
750
00:42:43,895 --> 00:42:49,140
Whatever harm that helmet might do, it's
not as bad as what David did to himself.
751
00:42:49,934 --> 00:42:52,881
He broke his fingers
biting into them.
752
00:42:54,205 --> 00:42:58,551
He spent weeks screaming and
throwing himself on the ground.
753
00:42:59,877 --> 00:43:02,221
Now he tells me he loves me.
754
00:43:04,615 --> 00:43:06,822
I'll put her on the stand,
Doctor.
755
00:43:07,518 --> 00:43:10,658
She'll corroborate
Francine Randazzo's testimony.
756
00:43:10,722 --> 00:43:13,168
ROTHENBERG: I may be
a little slow this morning,
757
00:43:13,257 --> 00:43:16,466
but I didn't hear you say that she
saw Kevin Jeffries wear the helmet.
758
00:43:16,527 --> 00:43:19,167
Your client authorized
its continued use.
759
00:43:19,230 --> 00:43:23,110
Which makes him criminally liable for
any death that occurs as a result.
760
00:43:23,868 --> 00:43:26,815
JACK: I don't need direct
evidence to convict him.
761
00:43:42,086 --> 00:43:45,829
He pleads nolo to man two.
He pays a fine.
762
00:43:46,991 --> 00:43:48,732
He does community service.
763
00:43:54,732 --> 00:44:01,047
He pleads guilty to man two. He serves two years.
He turns in his license.
764
00:44:02,740 --> 00:44:04,549
He closes the clinic.
765
00:44:07,545 --> 00:44:09,286
You want to put me
out of business, huh?
766
00:44:09,347 --> 00:44:11,327
We understand
each other perfectly.
767
00:44:11,382 --> 00:44:15,091
You may not like my methods,
but they get results.
768
00:44:15,620 --> 00:44:18,362
You beat a dog often enough,
it'll stop barking.
769
00:44:19,257 --> 00:44:23,364
It might even do tricks for you,
but I wouldn't call that humane.
770
00:44:23,461 --> 00:44:26,305
Don't you dare lecture me
on what's humane.
771
00:44:26,931 --> 00:44:30,469
I've seen the way people react to my patients.
They're repulsed.
772
00:44:30,635 --> 00:44:33,707
These children are
what nightmares are made of.
773
00:44:34,739 --> 00:44:38,778
But I don't look away. I make
something of their broken lives.
774
00:44:39,911 --> 00:44:42,892
You made sure Kevin Jeffries's
life could never be fixed.
775
00:44:43,181 --> 00:44:45,684
Can you really tell me
he's not better off?
776
00:44:51,055 --> 00:44:54,400
I hope that's not your closing
statement to the jury.
777
00:44:54,659 --> 00:44:57,435
You'll never convince them
he murdered that boy.
778
00:44:57,495 --> 00:44:58,803
Watch me.
779
00:44:58,863 --> 00:45:03,209
When I tell them how much money he made
torturing these kids with electrodes,
780
00:45:03,301 --> 00:45:05,907
that he nearly killed
the Davidson girl,
781
00:45:06,337 --> 00:45:10,046
he'll be lucky if they don't
string him up in the courtroom.
782
00:45:16,013 --> 00:45:19,586
The court is satisfied that the
defendant has met the conditions
783
00:45:19,650 --> 00:45:21,254
of the plea agreement.
784
00:45:22,153 --> 00:45:24,292
In accordance
with that agreement,
785
00:45:24,889 --> 00:45:29,599
this court sentences Alan Colter to
a term of not less than two years
786
00:45:30,094 --> 00:45:31,664
and not more than six years
787
00:45:31,729 --> 00:45:35,404
at a facility to be determined
by the Department of Correction.
788
00:45:37,201 --> 00:45:39,044
And this court is adjourned.
789
00:45:45,643 --> 00:45:48,681
He still has them convinced
he was saving their children.
790
00:45:48,746 --> 00:45:51,625
The only thing he tried to
save was his reputation.
791
00:45:52,450 --> 00:45:54,430
He knew the therapy
wasn't getting results.
792
00:45:54,485 --> 00:45:57,091
Instead of admitting he was wrong,
he just turned up the voltage.
793
00:45:57,155 --> 00:45:58,463
MRS. VILARDI: Mr. McCoy.
794
00:46:02,226 --> 00:46:05,537
You made them
close the clinic. Why?
795
00:46:07,231 --> 00:46:09,438
Mrs. Vilardi...
They sent him home.
796
00:46:10,101 --> 00:46:14,846
I can't take care of him. I don't
know what I'm going to do with him.
797
00:46:15,907 --> 00:46:18,751
You took away
the only place he had.
798
00:46:21,145 --> 00:46:23,352
Do you want him, Mr. McCoy?
799
00:46:24,649 --> 00:46:26,560
Can he go home with you now?
800
00:46:31,088 --> 00:46:32,499
I didn't think so.
801
00:46:32,549 --> 00:46:37,099
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