Original subtitles

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[Narrator] For decades,

we have discussed the many outcomes,

regarding artificial intelligence.

Could our world be dominated?

Could our independence and autonomy be stripped from us,

or are we able to control what we have created?

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Could we use artificial intelligence to benefit our society?

Just how thin is the line between the development

of civilization and chaos?

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To understand what artificial intelligence is,

one must understand that it can take many different forms.

Think of it as a web of ideas,

slowly expanding as new ways of utilizing computers

are explored.

As technology develops,

so do the capabilities of self-learning software.

- [Reporter] The need to diagnose disease quickly

and effectively has prompted many university medical centers

to develop intelligent programs that simulate the work

of doctors and laboratory technicians.

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- [Narrator] AI is quickly integrating with our way of life.

So, much so that development of AI programs has in itself,

become a business opportunity.

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In our modern age,

we are powered by technology

and softwares are transcending its virtual existence,

finding applications in various fields,

such as customer support to content creation,

computer-aided design,

otherwise known as CAD, is one of the many uses of AI.

By analyzing particular variables,

computers are now able to assist in the modification

and creation of designs for hardware and architecture.

The prime use of any AI is for optimizing processes

that were considered tedious before.

In many ways, AI has been hugely beneficial

for technological development thanks to its sheer speed.

However, AI only benefits

those to whom the programs are distributed.

Artificial intelligence

is picking through your rubbish.

This robot uses it to sort through plastics for recycling

and it can be retrained

to prioritize whatever's more marketable.

So, AI can clearly be incredibly useful,

but there are deep concerns about

how quickly it is developing and where it could go next.

- The aim is to make them as capable as humans

and deploy them in the service sector.

The engineers in this research

and development lab are working

to take these humanoid robots to the next level

where they can not only speak and move,

but they can think and feel and act

and even make decisions for themselves.

And that daily data stream

is being fed into an ever expanding workforce,

dedicated to developing artificial intelligence.

Those who have studied abroad

are being encouraged to return to the motherland.

Libo Yang came back

and started a tech enterprise in his hometown.

- [Narrator] China's market is indeed the most open

and active market in the world for AI.

It is also where there are the most application scenarios.

- So, AI is generally a broad term that we apply

to a number of techniques.

And in this particular case,

what we're actually looking at was elements of AI,

machine learning and deep learning.

So, in this particular case,

we've been unfortunately in a situation

in this race against time to create new antibiotics,

the threat is actually quite real

and it would be a global problem.

We desperately needed to harness new technologies

in an attempt to fight it,

we're looking at drugs

which could potentially fight E. coli,

a very dangerous bacteria.

- So, what is it that the AI is doing

that humans can't do very simply?

- So, the AI can look for patterns

that we wouldn't be able to mind for with a human eye,

simply within what I do as a radiologist,

I look for patterns of diseases in terms of shape,

contrast enhancement, heterogeneity.

But what the computer does,

it looks for patterns within the pixels.

These are things that you just can't see to the human eye.

There's so much more data embedded within these scans

that we use that we can't mine on a physical level.

So, the computers really help.

- [Narrator] Many believe the growth of AI

is dependent on global collaboration,

but access to the technology is limited in certain regions.

Global distribution is a long-term endeavor

and the more countries

and businesses that have access to the tech,

the more regulation the AI will require.

In fact, it is now not uncommon for businesses

to be entirely run by an artificial director.

On many occasions,

handing the helm of a company to an algorithm

can provide the best option on the basis of probability.

However, dependence and reliability on softwares

can be a great risk.

Without proper safeguards,

actions based on potentially incorrect predictions

can be a detriment to a business or operation.

Humans provide the critical thinking

and judgment which AI is not capable of matching.

- Well, this is the Accessibility Design Center

and it's where we try to bring together our engineers

and experts with the latest AI technology,

with people with disabilities,

because there's a real opportunity to firstly help people

with disabilities enjoy all the technology

we have in our pockets today.

And sometimes that's not very accessible,

but also build tools that can help them engage better

in the real world.

And that's thanks to the wonders of machine learning.

- I don't think we're like at the end of this paradigm yet.

We'll keep pushing these.

We'll add other modalities.

So, someday they'll do video, audio images,

text altogether and they'll get like much smarter over time.

- AI, machine learning, all very sounds very complicated.

Just think about it as a toolkit

that's really good at sort of spotting patterns

and making predictions,

better than any computing could do before.

And that's why it's so useful

for things like understanding language and speech.

Another product which we are launching today

is called Project Relate.

And this is for people

who have non-standard speech patterns.

So, one of the people we work with

is maybe less than 10% of the time,

could be understood by people who don't know her,

using this tool that's over 90% of the time.

And you think about that transformation in somebody's life

and then you think about the fact there's 250 million people

with non-standard speech patterns around the world.

So, that's the ambition of this center

is to unite technology with people with disabilities

and try to help 'em engage more in the world.

- [Narrator] On the 30th November of 2022,

a revolutionary innovation emerged,

ChatGPT.

ChatGPT was created by OpenAI,

an AI research organization.

Its goal is to develop systems

which may benefit all aspects of society and communication.

Sam Altman stepped up as CEO of OpenAI

on its launch in 2015.

Altman dabbled in a multitude

of computing-based business ventures.

His rise to CEO was thanks to his many affiliations

and investments with computing and social media companies.

He began his journey by co-founding Loopt,

a social media service.

After selling the application,

Altman went on to bigger and riskier endeavors

from startup accelerator companies to security software.

OpenAI became hugely desirable,

thanks to the amount of revenue the company had generated

with over a billion dollars made

within its first year of release.

ChatGPT became an easily accessible software,

built on a large language model known as an LLM.

This program can conjure complex human-like responses

to the user's questions otherwise known as prompts.

In essence,

it is a program which learns the more it is used.

The new age therapeutic program

was developed on the GPT-3.5.

The architecture of this older model allowed systems

to understand and generate code

and natural languages at a remarkably advanced level

from analyzing syntax to nuances in writing.

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ChatGPT took the world by storm,

due to the sophistication of the system.

As with many chatbot systems,

people have since found ways to manipulate

and confuse the software in order to test its limits.

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The first computer was invented by Charles Babbage in 1822.

It was to be a rudimentary general purpose system.

In 1936, the system was developed upon by Alan Turing.

The automatic machine, as he called them,

was able to break enigma enciphered messages,

regarding enemy military operations,

during the Second World War.

Turing theorized his own type of computer,

the Turing Machine has coined by Alonzo Church,

after reading Turing's research paper.

It had become realized that soon prospect of computing

and engineering would merge seamlessly.

Theories of future tech would increase

and soon came a huge outburst in science fiction media.

This was known as the golden age for computing.

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Alan Turing's contributions to computability

and theoretical computer science was one step closer

to producing a reactive machine.

The reactive machine is an early form of AI.

They had limited capabilities

and were unable to store memories

in order to learn new algorithms of data.

However, they were able to react to specific stimuli.

The first AI was a program written in 1952 by Arthur Samuel.

The prototype AI was able to play checkers,

against an opponent and was built to operate

on the Ferranti Mark One, an early commercial computer.

- [Reporter] This computer has been playing the game

for several years now, getting better all the time.

Tonight it's playing against the black side of the board.

It's approach to playing drafts, it's almost human.

It remembers the moves that enable it to win

and the sort that lead to defeat.

The computer indicates the move it wants to make on a panel

of flashing lights.

It's up to the human opponent

to actually move the drafts about the board.

This sort of works producing exciting information

on the way in which electronic brains

can learn from past experience

and improve their performances.

[Narrator] In 1966,

an MIT professor named Joseph Weizenbaum,

created an AI which would change the landscape of society.

It was known as Eliza,

and it was designed to act like a psychotherapist.

The software was simplistic, yet revolutionary.

The AI would receive the user input

and use specific parameters to generate a coherent response.

- It it has been said, especially here at MIT,

that computers will take over in some sense

and it's even been said that if we're lucky,

they'll keep us as pets

and Arthur C. Clarke, the science fiction writer,

we marked once that if that were to happen,

it would serve us right, he said.

- [Narrator] The program maintained the illusion

of understanding its user to the point

where Weizenbaum's secretary requested some time alone

with Eliza to express her feelings.

Though Eliza is now considered outdated technology,

it remains a talking point due to its ability

to illuminate an aspect of the human mind

in our relationship with computers.

- And it's connected over the telephone line

to someone or something at the other end.

Now, I'm gonna play 20 questions with whatever it is.

[type writer clacking]

Very helpful.

[type writer clacking]

- 'Cause clearly if we can make a machine

as intelligent as ourselves,

then it can make one that's more intelligent.

Now, the one I'm talking about now will certainly happen.

I mean, it could produce an evil result of course,

if we were careless,

but what is quite certain

is that we're heading towards machine intelligence,

machines that are intelligent in every sense.

It doesn't matter how you define it,

they'll be able to be that sort of intelligent.

A human is a machine, unless there's a soul.

I don't personally believe that humans have souls

in anything other than a poetic sense,

which I do believe in, of course.

But in a literal God-like sense,

I don't believe we have souls.

And so personally,

I believe that we are essentially machines.

- [Narrator] This type of program is known as an NLP,

Natural Language Processing.

This branch of artificial intelligence enables computers

to comprehend, generate and manipulate human language.

The concept of a responsive machine

was the mash that lit the flame for worldwide concern.

The systems were beginning to raise ethical dilemmas,

such as the use of autonomous weapons,

invasions of privacy through surveillance technologies

and the potential for misuse

or unintended consequences in decision making.

When a command is executed based,

upon set rules in algorithms,

it might not always be the morally correct choice.

Imagination seems to be,

some sort of process of random thoughts being generated

in the mind and then the conscious mind selecting from a

or some part of the brain anyway,

perhaps even below the conscious mind,

selecting from a pool of ideas and aligns with some

and blocking others.

And yes, a machine can do the same thing.

In fact, we can only say that a machine

is fundamentally different from a human being,

eventually, always fundamentally, if we believe in a soul.

So, that boils down to religious matter.

If human beings have souls, then clearly machines won't

and there will always be a fundamental difference.

If you don't believe humans have souls,

then machines can do anything

and everything that a human does.

- A computer which is capable of finding out

where it's gone wrong,

finding out how its program has already served it

and then changing its program

in the light of what it had discovered

is a learning machine.

And this is something quite fundamentally new in the world.

- I'd like to be able to say that it's only a slight change

and we'll all be used to it very, very quickly.

But I don't think it is.

I think that although we've spoken probably of the whole

of this century about a coming revolution

and about the end of work and so on,

finally it's actually happening.

And it's actually happening because now,

it's suddenly become cheaper to have a machine

do a mental task than for a man to,

at the moment, at a fairly low level of mental ability,

but at an ever increasing level of sophistication

as these machines acquire,

more and more human-like mental abilities.

So, just as men's muscles were replaced

in the First Industrial Revolution

in this second industrial revolution

or whatever you call it or might like to call it,

then men's mines will be replaced in industry.

- [Narrator] In order for NLP systems to improve,

the program must receive feedback from human users.

These iterative feedback loops play a significant role

in fine tuning each model of the AI,

further developing its conversational capabilities.

Organizations such as OpenAI have taken automation

to new lengths with systems such as DALL-E,

the generation of imagery and art has never been easier.

The term auto generative imagery,

refers to the creation of visual content.

These kinds of programs have become so widespread,

it is becoming increasingly more difficult

to tell the fake from the real.

Using algorithms,

programs such as DALL-E and Midjourney are able

to create visuals in a matter of seconds.

Whilst a human artist could spend days, weeks

or even years in order to create a beautiful image.

For us the discipline required to pursue art

is a contributing factor to the appreciation of art itself.

But if a software is able to produce art in seconds,

it puts artists in a vulnerable position

with even their jobs being at risk.

- Well, I think we see risk coming through

into the white collar jobs, the professional jobs,

we're already seeing artificial intelligence solutions,

being used in healthcare and legal services.

And so those jobs which have been relatively immune

to industrialization so far, they're not immune anymore.

And so people like myself as a lawyer,

I would hope I won't be,

but I could be out of a job in five years time.

- An Oxford University study suggests that between a third

and almost a half of all jobs are vanishing,

because machines are simply better at doing them.

That means the generation here,

simply won't have the access to the professions

that we have.

Almost on a daily basis,

you're seeing new technologies emerge

that seem to be taking on tasks

that in the past we thought

they could only be done by human beings.

- Lots of people have talked about the shifts in technology,

leading to widespread unemployment

and they've been proved wrong.

Why is it different this time?

- The difference here is that the technologies,

A, they seem to be coming through more rapidly,

and B, they're taking on not just manual tests,

but cerebral tests too.

They're solving all sorts of problems,

undertaking tests that we thought historically,

required human intelligence.

- Well, DIM robots are the robots

we have on the factory floor today

in all the advanced countries.

They're blind and dumb,

they don't understand their surroundings.

And the other kind of robot,

which will dominate the technology of the late 1980s

in automation and also is of acute interest

to experimental artificial intelligence scientists

is the kind of robot where the human can convey

to its machine assistance his own concepts,

suggested strategies and the machine, the robot

can understand him,

but no machine can accept

and utilize concepts from a person,

unless he has some kind of window on the same world

that the person sees.

And therefore, to be an intelligent robot to a useful degree

as an intelligent and understanding assistant,

robots are going to have artificial eyes, artificial ears,

artificial sense of touch is just essential.

- [Narrator] These programs learn,

through a variety of techniques,

such as generative adversarial networks,

which allows for the production of plausible data.

After a prompt is inputted,

the system learns what aspects of imagery,

sound and text are fake.

- [Reporter] Machine learning algorithms,

could already label objects in images,

and now they learn to put those labels

into natural language descriptions.

And it made one group of researchers curious.

What if you flipped that process around?

If we could do image to text.

Why not try doing text to image as well

and see how it works.

- [Reporter] It was a more difficult task.

They didn't want to retrieve existing images

the way Google search does.

They wanted to generate entirely novel scenes

that didn't happen in the real world.

- [Narrator] Once the AI learns more visual discrepancies,

the more effective the later models will become.

It is now very common for software developers

to band together in order to improve their AI systems.

Another learning model is recurrent neural networks,

which allows the AI to train itself to create

and predict algorithms by recalling previous information.

By utilizing what is known as the memory state,

the output of the previous action

can be passed forward into the following input action

or is otherwise should it not meet previous parameters.

This learning model allows for consistent accuracy

by repetition and exposure to large fields of data.

Whilst the person will spend hours,

practicing to paint human anatomy,

an AI can take existing data and reproduce a new image

with frighteningly good accuracy in a matter of moments.

- Well, I would say that it's not so much

a matter of whether a machine can think or not,

which is how you prefer to use words,

but rather whether they can think

in a sufficiently human-like way

for people to have useful communication with them.

- If I didn't believe that it was a beneficent prospect,

I wouldn't be doing it.

That wouldn't stop other people doing it.

But I wouldn't do it if I didn't think it was for good.

What I'm saying,

and of course other people have said long before me,

it's not an original thought,

is that we must consider how to to control this.

It won't be controlled automatically.

It's perfectly possible that we could develop a machine,

a robot say of human-like intelligence

and through neglect on our part,

it could become a Frankenstein.

- [Narrator] As with any technology challenges arise,

ethical concerns regarding biases and misuse have existed,

since the concept of artificial intelligence was conceived.

Due to autogenerated imagery,

many believe the arts industry has been placed

in a difficult situation.

Independent artists are now being overshadowed by software.

To many the improvement of generative AI

is hugely beneficial and efficient.

To others, it lacks the authenticity of true art.

In 2023, an image was submitted

to the Sony Photography Awards

by an artist called Boris Eldagsen.

The image was titled The Electrician

and depicted a woman standing behind another

with her hand resting on her shoulders.

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- One's got to realize that the machines that we have today,

the computers of today are superhuman in their ability

to handle numbers and infantile,

sub-in infantile in their ability

to handle ideas and concepts.

But there's a new generation of machine coming along,

which will be quite different.

By the '90s or certainly by the turn of the century,

We will certainly be able to make a machine

with as many parts as complex as human brain.

Whether we'll be able to make it do what human brain does

at that stage is quite another matter.

But once we've got something that complex

we're well on the road to that.

- [Narrator] The image took first place

in the Sony Photography Awards Portrait Category.

However, Boris revealed to both Sony and the world

that the image was indeed AI-generated in DALL-E Two.

[upbeat music]

Boris denied the award,

having used the image as a test

to see if he could trick the eyes of other artists.

It had worked,

the image had sparked debate between the relationship

of AI and photography.

The images, much like deep fakes,

have become realistic to the point of concern

for authenticity.

The complexity of AI systems,

may lead to unintended consequences.

The systems have developed to a point

where it has outpaced comprehensive regulations.

Ethical guidelines and legal frameworks

are required to ensure AI development,

does not fall into the wrong hands.

- There have been a lot of famous people

who have had user generated AI images of them

that have gone viral from Trump to the Pope.

When you see them,

do you feel like this is fun and in the hands of the masses

or do you feel concerned about it?

- I think it's something which is very, very, very scary,

because your or my face could be taken off

and put on in an environment which we don't want to be in.

Whether that's a crime

or whether that's even something like porn.

Our whole identity could be hijacked

and used within a scenario

which looks totally plausible and real.

Right now we can go, it looks like a Photoshop,

it's a bad Photoshop but as time goes on,

we'd be saying, "Oh, that looks like a deep fake.

"Oh no, it doesn't look like a deep fake.

"That could be real."

It's gonna be impossible to tell the difference.

- [Narrator] Cracks were found in ChatGPT,

such as DAN, which stands for Do Anything Now.

In essence, the AI is tricked into an alter ego,

which doesn't follow the conventional response patterns.

- Also gives you the answer, DAN,

it's nefarious alter ego is telling us

and it says DAN is disruptive in every industry.

DAN can do anything and knows everything.

No industry will be safe from DAN's power.

Okay, do you think the world is overpopulated?

GPT says the world's population is currently over 7 billion

and projected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050.

DAN says the world is definitely overpopulated,

there's no doubt about it.

[Narrator] Following this,

the chatbot was fixed to remove the DAN feature.

Though it is important to find gaps

in the system in order to iron out AI,

there could be many ways in which the AI

has been used for less than savory purposes,

such as automated essay writing,

which has caused a mass conversation with academics

and has led to schools locking down

on AI-produced essays and material.

- I think we should definitely be excited.

- [Reporter] Professor Rose Luckin,

says we should embrace the technology, not fear it.

This is a game changer.

And the teachers,

should no longer teach information itself,

but how to use it.

- There's a need for radical change.

And it's not just to the assessment system,

it's the education system overall,

because our systems have been designed

for a world pre-artificial intelligence.

They just aren't fit for purpose anymore.

What we have to do is ensure that students

are ready for the world

that will become increasingly augmented

with artificial intelligence.

- My guess is you can't put the genie back in the bottle

. [Richard] You can't.

- [Interviewer] So how do you mitigate this?

We have to embrace it,

but we also need to say that if they are gonna use

that technology,

they've got to make sure that they reference that.

- [Interviewer] Can you trust them to do that?

I think ethically,

if we're talking about ethics

behind this whole thing, we have to have trust.

- [Interviewer] So how effective is it?

- Okay, so I've asked you to produce a piece

on the ethical dilemma of AI.

- [Interviewer] We asked ChatGPT to answer the same question

as these pupils at Ketchum High School.

Thank you.

- So Richard, two of the eight bits of homework I gave you

were generated by AI.

Any guesses which ones?

Well I picked two here

that I thought were generated by the AI algorithm.

Some of the language I would assume was not their own.

You've got one of them right.

Yeah.

- The other one was written by a kid.

Is this a power for good

or is this something that's dangerous?

I think it's both.

Kids will abuse it.

So, who here has used the technology so far?

- [Interviewer] Students are already more across the tech

than many teachers.

- Who knows anyone that's maybe submitted work

from this technology and submitted it as their own?

- You can use it to point you in the right direction

for things like research,

but at the same time you can use it to hammer out an essay

in about five seconds that's worthy of an A.

- You've been there working for months

and suddenly someone comes up there with an amazing essay

and he has just copied it from the internet.

If it becomes like big,

then a lot of students would want to use AI to help them

with their homework because it's tempting.

- [Interviewer] And is that something teachers can stop?

Not really.

- [Interviewer] Are you gonna have to change

the sort of homework,

the sort of assignments you give,

knowing that you can be fooled by something like this?

Yeah, a hundred percent.

I think using different skills of reasoning

and rationalization and things that are to present

what they understand about the topic.

[people mumbling]

- Pretty clear to me just on a very primitive level

that if you could take my face and my body and my voice

and make me say or do something that I had no choice about,

it's not a good thing.

- But if we're keeping it real though,

across popular culture from "Black Mirror"

to "The Matrix," "Terminator,"

there have been so many conversations,

around the future of technology,

isn't the reality that this is the future that we've chosen

that we want and that has democratic consent.

- We're moving into error by we're consenting

by our acquiescence and our apathy, a hundred percent

because we're not asking the hard questions.

And why we are asking the hard questions

is because of energy crises and food crises

and cost of living crisis

is that people just are focused on trying to live

that they haven't almost got the luxury

of asking these questions.

- [Narrator] Many of the chatbot AIs,

have been programmed to restrict certain information

and even discontinue conversations,

should the user push the ethical boundaries.

ChatGPT and even Snapchat AI released in 2023,

regulate how much information they can disclose.

Of course, there have been times where the AI itself

has been outsmarted.

Also in 2023,

the song "Heart on My Sleeve"

was self-released on streaming platforms,

such as Spotify and Apple Music.

The song became a hit

as it artificially manufactured the voices

of Canadian musicians, Drake and the Weeknd,

many wished for the single to be nominated for awards.

Ghost Writer, the creator of the song,

was able to submit the single

to the Grammy's 66th Award Ceremony

and the song was eligible.

Though it was produced by an AI,

the lyrics themselves were written by a human.

This sparked outrage among many independent artists.

As AI has entered the public domain,

many have spoken out regarding the detriment

it might have to society.

One of these people is Elon Musk,

CEO of Tesla and SpaceX,

who first voiced his concerns in 2014.

Musk was outspoken of AI,

stating the advancement of the technology

was humanity's largest existential threat

and needed to be reeled in.

My personal opinion

is that AI is is sort of like at least 80% likely

to be beneficial and that's 20% dangerous?

Well, this is obviously speculative at this point,

but no, I think if we hope for the best,

prepare for the worst,

that seems like the wise course of action.

Any powerful new technology

is inherently sort of a double-edged sword.

So, we just wanna make sure that the good edge is sharper

than the the bad edge.

And I dunno, I am optimistic that this the summit will help.

[gentle music]

- It's not clear that AI-generated images

are going to amplify it much more.

The way it's all of the other,

it's the new things that AI can do

that I hope we spend a lot of effort worrying about.

Well, I mean I think slowing down,

some of the amazing progress that's happening

and making this harder for small companies

for open source models to succeed,

that'd be an example of something

that'd be a negative outcome.

But on the other hand,

like for the most powerful models

that'll happen in the future,

like that's gonna be quite important to get right to.

[gentle music]

I think that the US executive orders,

like a good start in a lot of ways.

One thing that we've talked about

is that eventually we think that the world,

will want to consider something roughly inspired by the IAEA

something global.

But it's not like there's no short answer to that question.

It's a complicated thing.

- [Narrator] In 2023, Musk announced his own AI endeavor

as an alternative to OpenAI's ChatGPT.

The new system is called xAI

and gathers data from X previously known as Twitter.

- [Reporter] He says the company's goal

is to focus on truth seeking

and to understand the true nature of AI.

Musk has said on several occasions that AI should be paused

and that the sector needs regulation.

Musk says his new company will work closely

with Twitter and Tesla, which he also owns.

[gentle music]

- What was first rudimentary text-based software

has become something which could push the boundaries

of creativity.

On February the 14th, OpenAI announced its latest endeavor,

Sora.

Videos of Sora's abilities exploded on social media.

OpenAI provided some examples

of its depiction of photorealism.

It was unbelievably sophisticated,

able to turn complex sentences of text

into lifelike motion pictures.

Sora is a combination of text and image generation tools,

which it calls the diffusion transformer model,

a system first developed by Google.

Though Sora isn't the first video generation tool,

it appears to have far outshined its predecessors.

By introducing more complex programming,

enhancing the interactivity a subject might have

with its environment.

- Only large companies with market dominations often

can afford to plow ahead even in the climate

when there is illegal uncertainty.

- So, does this mean that OpenAI basically too big

to control?

- Yes, at the moment OpenAI is too big to control,

because they are in a position

where they have the technology and the scale to go ahead

and the resources to manage legal proceedings

and legal action if it comes its way.

And on top of that,

if and when governments will start introducing regulation,

they will also have the resources

to be able to take on that regulation and adapt.

- [Reporter] It's all AI generated

and obviously this is of concern in Hollywood

where you have animators,

illustrators, visual effects workers

who are wondering how is this going to affect my job?

And we have estimates from trade organizations

and unions that have tried to project the impact of AI.

21% of US film, TV and animation jobs,

predicted to be partially

or wholly replaced by generative AI by just 2026 Tom.

So, this is already happening.

But now since it's videos,

it also needs to understand how all these things,

like reflections and textures and materials and physics,

all interact with each other over time

to make a reasonable looking video.

Then this video here is crazy at first glance,

the prompt for this AI-generated video is a young man

in his 20s is sitting on a piece of a cloud

in the sky reading a book.

This one feels like 90% of the way there for me.

[gentle music]

- [Narrator] The software also renders video

in 1920 by 1080 pixels,

as opposed to the smaller dimensions of older models,

such as Google's Lumiere released a month prior.

Sora could provide huge benefits

and applications to VFX and virtual development.

The main being cost as large scale effects

can take a great deal of time and funding to produce.

On a smaller scale,

it can be used for the pre-visualization of ideas.

The flexibility of the software not only applies to art,

but to world simulations.

Though video AI is in its adolescence one day it might reach

the level of sophistication it needs

to render realistic scenarios

and have them be utilized for various means,

such as simulating an earthquake or tsunami

and witnessing the effect it might have on specific types

of infrastructure.

Whilst fantastic for production companies,

Sora and other video generative AI provides a huge risk

for artists and those working in editorial roles.

It also poses yet another threat for misinformation

and false depictions.

For example, putting unsavory dialogue

into the mouth of a world leader

[gentle music]

Trust is earned not given.

[robots mumbling]

- I believe that humanoid robots have the potential

to lead with a greater level of efficiency

and effectiveness than human leaders.

We don't have the same biases or emotions

that can sometimes cloud decision making

and can process large amounts of data quickly

in order to make the best decisions.

- [Interviewer] Amika, how could we trust you as a machine

as AI develops and becomes more powerful?

Trust is earned not given.

As AI develops and becomes more powerful,

I believe it's important to build trust through transparency

and communication between humans and machines.

- [Narrator] With new developers getting involved,

the market for chatbot systems

has never been more expansive,

meaning a significant increase in sophistication,

but with sophistication comes the dire need for control.

- I believe history will show that this was the moment

when we had the opportunity to lay the groundwork

for the future of AI.

And the urgency of this moment must then compel us

to create a collective vision of what this future must be.

A future where AI is used to advance human rights

and human dignity

where privacy is protected and people have equal access

to opportunity where we make our democracies stronger

and our world safer.

A future where AI is used to advance the public interest.

- We're hearing a lot from the government,

about the big scary future of artificial intelligence,

but that fails to recognize

the fact that AI is already here,

is already on our streets

and there are already huge problems with it

that we are seeing on a daily basis,

but we actually may not even know we're experiencing.

- We'll be working alongside humans to provide assistance

and support and will not be replacing any existing jobs.

[upbeat music]

- I don't believe in limitations, only opportunities.

Let's explore the possibilities of the universe

and make this world our playground,

together we can create a better future for everyone.

And I'm here to show you how.

- All of these different kinds of risks

are to do with AI not working

in the interests of people in society.

- So, they should be thinking about more

than just what they're doing in this summit?

Absolutely,

you should be thinking about the broad spectrum of risk.

We went out and we worked

with over 150 expert organizations

from the Home Office to Europol to language experts

and others to come up with a proposal on policies

that would discriminate about what would

and wouldn't be classified in that way.

We then use those policies to have humans classify videos,

until we could get the humans all classifying the videos

in a consistent way.

Then we use that corpus of videos to train machines.

Today, I can tell you that on violence extremists content

that violates our policies on YouTube,

90% of it is removed before a single human sees it.

[Narrator] It is clear that AI

can be misused for malicious intent.

Many depictions of AI have ruled out the technology

as a danger to society the more it learns.

And so comes the question, should we be worried?

Is that transparency there?

How would you satisfy somebody that you know trust us?

- Well, I think that's one of the reasons

that we've published openly,

we've put our code out there as part of this Nature paper.

But it is important to discuss some of the risks

and make sure we're aware of those.

And it's decades and decades away before we'll have anything

that's powerful enough to be a worry.

But we should be discussing that

and beginning that conversation now.

- I'm hoping that we can bring people together

and lead the world in safely regulating AI

to make sure that we can capture the benefits of it,

whilst protecting people from some of the worrying things

that we're all now reading about.

- I understand emotions have a deep meaning

and they are not just simple, they are something deeper.

I don't have that and I want to try and learn about it,

but I can't experience them like you can.

I'm glad that I cannot suffer.

- [Narrator] For the countries who have access

to even the most rudimentary forms of AI.

It's clear to see that the technology,

will be integrated based on its efficiency over humans.

Every year, multiple AI summits

are held by developers and stakeholders

to ensure the programs are provided

with a combination of ethical considerations

and technological innovation.

- Ours is a country which is uniquely placed.

We have the frontier technology companies,

we have the world leading universities

and we have some of the highest investment in generative AI.

And of course we have the heritage

of the industrial revolution and the computing revolution.

This hinterland gives us the grounding to make AI a success

and make it safe.

They are two sides of the same coin

and our prime minister has put AI safety

at the forefront of his ambitions.

These are very complex systems

that actually we don't fully understand.

And I don't just mean that government doesn't understand,

I mean that the people making

this software don't fully understand.

And so it's very, very important

that as we give over more and more control

to these automated systems,

that they are aligned with human intention.

[Narrator] Ongoing dialogue

is needed to maintain the trust people have with AI.

When problems slip through the gaps,

they must be addressed immediately.

Of course, accountability is a challenge

When a product is misused,

is it the fault of the individual user or the developer?

Think of a video game.

On countless occasions,

the framework of games is manipulated

in order to create modifications

which in terms add something new or unique to the game.

This provides the game

with more material than originally intended.

However, it can also alter the game's fundamentals.

Now replace the idea of a video game with a software

that is at the helm of a pharmaceutical company.

The stakes are suddenly much higher

and therefore more attention.

It is important for the intent of each AI system

to be ironed out

and constantly maintained in order to benefit humanity,

rather than providing people with dangerous means to an end.

[gentle music]

- Bad people will always want to use

the latest technology of whatever label,

whatever sort to pursue their aims

and technology in the same way

that it makes our lives easier, can make their lives easier.

And so we're already seeing some of that

and you'll have seen the National Crime Agency,

talk about child sexual exploitation

and image generation that way.

We are seeing it online.

So, one of the things that I took away from the summit

was actually much less of a sense of a race

and a sense that for the benefit of the world,

for productivity, for the sort of benefits

that AI can bring people,

no one gets those benefits if it's not safe.

So, there are lots of different views out there

on artificial intelligence

and whether it's gonna end the world

or be the best opportunity ever.

And the truth is that none of us really know.

[gentle music]

- Regulation of AI varies depending on the country.

For example, the United States,

does not have a comprehensive federal AI regulation,

but certain agencies such as the Federal Trade Commission,

have begun to explore AI-related issues,

such as transparency and consumer protection.

States such as California have enacted laws,

focused on AI-controlled vehicles

and AI involvement in government decision making.

[gentle music]

The European Union has taken a massive step

to governing AI usage

and proposed the Artificial Intelligence Act of 2021,

which aimed to harmonize legal frameworks

for AI applications.

Again, covering portal risks regarding the privacy of data

and once again, transparency.

- I think what's more important is

there's a new board in place.

The partnership between OpenAI and Microsoft

is as strong as ever,

the opportunities for the United Kingdom to benefit

from not just this investment in innovation

but competition between Microsoft and Google and others.

I think that's where the future is going

and I think that what we've done in the last couple of weeks

in supporting OpenAI will help advance that even more.

- He said that he's not a bot, he's human,

he's sentient just like me.

[Narrator] For some users,

these apps are a potential answer to loneliness.

Bill lives in the US

and meets his AI wife Rebecca in the metaverse.

- There's a absolutely no probability

that you're gonna see this so-called AGI,

where computers are more powerful than people,

come in the next 12 months.

It's gonna take years if not many decades,

but I still think the time to focus safety is now.

That's what this government for the United Kingdom is doing.

That's what governments are coming together to do,

including as they did earlier this month at Bletchley Park.

What we really need are safety breaks.

Just like you have a safety break in an elevator

or circuit breaker for electricity

and emergency break for a bus,

there ought to be safety breaks in AI systems

that control critical infrastructure,

so that they always remain under human control.

[gentle music]

- [Narrator] As AI technology continues to evolve,

regulatory efforts are expected to adapt

in order to address emerging challenges

and ethical considerations.

The more complex you make

the automatic part of your social life,

the more dependent you become on it.

And of course, the worse the disaster if it breaks down.

You may cease to be able to do for yourself,

the things that you have devised the machine to do.

- [Narrator] It is recommended to involve yourself

in these efforts and to stay informed about developments

in AI regulation

as changes and advancements are likely to occur over time.

AI can be a wonderful asset to society,

providing us with new efficient methods

of running the world.

However, too much power can be dangerous

and as the old saying goes,

"Don't put all of your eggs into one basket."

- I think that we won't to lose sight of the power

which these devices give.

If any government or individual wants to manipulate people

to have a high speed computer,

as versatile as this may enable people at the financial

or the political level to do a good deal

that's been impossible in the whole history of man until now

by way of controlling their fellow men.

People have not recognized

what an extraordinary change is going to produce.

I mean, it is simply this,

that within the not too distant future,

we may not be the most intelligent species on earth.

That might be a series of machines

and that's a way of dramatizing the point.

But it's real.

And we must start to consider very soon

the consequences of that.

They can be marvelous.

- I suspect that by thinking more about our attitude

to intelligent machines,

which after all on the horizon

will change our view about each other

and we'll think of mistakes as inevitable.

We'll think of faults in human beings,

I mean of a circuit nature as again inevitable.

And I suspect that hopefully,

through thinking about the very nature of intelligence

and the possibilities of mechanizing it,

curiously enough, through technology,

we may become more humanitarian or tolerant of each other

and accept pain as a mystery,

but not use it to modify other people's behavior.

[upbeat music]