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The Government of West Bengal
and
Satyajit Ray Productions Present
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Sukumar Ray
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00:00:08,001 --> 00:00:12,001
Saumitra Chatterjee, Utpal Dutt,
Santosh Dutt & others
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00:00:19,106 --> 00:00:23,106
Cinematography: Barun Raha,
Art: Ashok Bose; Editing: Dulal Dutt
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Narration: Saumitra Chattopadhyay
Songs: Anup Ghoshal & Chorus
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Screenplay, Music & Direction:
Satyajit Ray
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There are few Bengalis
unfamiliar with these pictures
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They are from two wonderful books
and a great short story
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The books are 'Abol Tabol' (The Ridiculous)
and 'Haw-Jaw-Baw-Raw-Law' (Absurdity)
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and the story
'The Diary of Heshoram the Clever'
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The Author: Sukumar Ray
He was born 100 years ago
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His father was
Upendra Kishore Ray Chowdhury
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Upendra was the adopted son of
Hari Krishna Roy Chowdhury
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00:02:08,327 --> 00:02:12,337
Before adoption he was known as
Kamada Ranjan
and was the Second of 5 brothers
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The brothers were all gifted
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They were Sharada Ranjan,
then Kamada Ranjan (Upendra) followed by
Muktida Ranjan, Kulada Ranjan & Pramada Ranjan
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Sarada Ranjan taught Mathematics & Sanskrit
His books were used as Textbooks
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He was the principal of Metropolitan College
and the best known cricketer of his time
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Upendra was a noted printer and publisher
He was also a painter, a scientist ...
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00:02:59,614 --> 00:03:04,614
a writer of children's fiction
and a musician
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He was the only Indian to regulalrly publish
in 'Penrose Annual' - on printing technology
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00:03:21,718 --> 00:03:28,718
Mukti Ranjan, also a mathematician and a
sportsman, also taught in Metropolitan College
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Kulada Ranjan also played Cricket
and was known for his translations ...
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of children's classics from around the world
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Pramada Ranjan served in the office
of the Surveyor General of India
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00:03:56,780 --> 00:03:59,780
He wrote about his experiences in a book
called 'Baner Khabar' - Jungle Stories
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Of the 5 brothers 2 were traditional Hindus
Upendra, Kulada and Pramada belonged to
the reformist BRAHMO SAMAJ
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Despite the social boycott of the Brahmo Samaj
The relations between the brothers was always cordial
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Upendra Kishore married Bidhumukhi,
the daughter of a leading Brahmo Samaj member
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00:04:23,875 --> 00:04:28,875
and started living at
13, Cornwallis Street in Calcutta
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00:04:30,347 --> 00:04:47,347
They had six children
The second was Sukumar Ray
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Sukumar graduated with Honours
in both Physics and Chemistry
from Presidency College Calcutta
33
00:05:10,243 --> 00:05:14,243
When in College Sukumar established
a group called Nonsense Club
34
00:05:20,323 --> 00:05:33,313
They published
a handwritten magazine on humour
called the "Thity two and a half fries"
35
00:05:43,001 --> 00:05:46,001
It was here that he published
his first humourous poetry
36
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and his famous nonsenseplay
'Jhala Pala' (Cacophony)
37
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Here is a sequencefrom Jhalapala:
Asked to explain the meaning of
'I go up, we go down'
38
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The teacher says:
I stands for the 'eye'
go = cow (Bengali phonetic equivalent)
Up means water (Bengali phonetic equivalent)
39
00:06:22,920 --> 00:06:27,070
so 'I go up' means
"The cow's eyes water" or
"the cow is crying"
40
00:06:27,720 --> 00:06:28,720
the next part tells us why
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"We go down"
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We means termites
(Bengali phonetic equivalent)
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00:06:37,299 --> 00:06:38,089
and 'go down' means godown or a warehouse.
44
00:06:38,167 --> 00:06:42,167
So 'I Go UP, We Go Down' means
The cow is crying
because termites have destroyed the warehouse
45
00:06:47,895 --> 00:06:50,895
Another play was 'Laxmaner Shaktishel'
(The magic spear of Laxman)
a spoof based on the Ramayan
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00:06:51,655 --> 00:06:58,655
Rama and his army have invaded Lanka
the kingdom of Ravana the powerful king
47
00:07:01,238 --> 00:07:02,238
They are about to meet
Ravana in the field of battle
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00:07:05,574 --> 00:07:15,574
Rama: Last night I had a beautiful dream.
I dreamt that Ravana had climbed a tree
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He climbed to the top, his foot slipped
and he fell to the ground unconscious
50
00:07:26,117 --> 00:07:31,117
Then Ravana must be really dead
The king's dream cannot be wrong
51
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cannot be - will not be - can never be
52
00:07:36,613 --> 00:07:40,613
I told Hanuman to
throw the body in the sea
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00:07:42,053 --> 00:07:46,500
Hanuman said it was unnecessary
Ravana is totally dead
54
00:07:53,766 --> 00:07:56,460
Totally Dead?
Then lets enjoy
55
00:08:07,461 --> 00:08:13,461
But.. But.. There's Ravana's Chariot
And there's Ravana!
56
00:08:14,405 --> 00:08:18,405
Really! That means Ravana is
not dead? He must have 9 lives!
57
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Its all the fault of Hanuman
Why didn't he throw the body into the sea?
58
00:08:29,204 --> 00:08:34,504
Now its like trying to shut the
barn door after the horse has bolted
59
00:08:35,372 --> 00:08:37,000
Here's our spy
Tell us all the news
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00:08:37,167 --> 00:08:38,167
Sir, I've just arrived
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00:08:39,933 --> 00:08:41,933
Wonderful!
Is that all you can tell us?
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You've just arrived!
Whats so great about that?
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00:08:45,940 --> 00:08:48,500
Tell us what happened today
In details
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00:08:50,211 --> 00:08:56,141
Sir, I got up in the morning, bathed
had some rice and vegetables and went out..
65
00:08:58,202 --> 00:09:01,880
I had pumpkin even though the astrologers
said eating pumpkin is not advised today
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00:09:02,051 --> 00:09:03,051
You see my pumpkin had started rotting!
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Stop talking nonsense!
Talk about business
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00:09:05,954 --> 00:09:10,954
Well, I ate, slept for a couple of hours
and went out
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Saw that drums were rolling!
70
00:09:13,525 --> 00:09:16,525
Like this:
Dha Ra Ra Ra Ra Ra...
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This guy is repeating 'Dha Ra ra ra ra'
like a recurring decimal!
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Are you going to tell us what you saw
sequentially, serially, step by step, chronologically?
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Yes tell us everything..
What next?
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Ravana is coming, with great pomp
Drums are beating and its very noisy
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00:09:45,776 --> 00:09:48,776
What next?... What next?...What next?
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Drums are beating, cymbals clashing,
The clash of arms is deafening..
77
00:09:59,746 --> 00:10:01,746
What next?... What next?...What next?
78
00:10:02,427 --> 00:10:12,427
Thousands of soldiers
Flags are flying
79
00:10:13,361 --> 00:10:16,041
What next?... What next?...What next?
80
00:10:16,138 --> 00:10:27,138
They are thumping their breasts
The earth is shaking under their feet
81
00:10:27,394 --> 00:10:28,394
What next?... What next?...What next?
82
00:10:30,067 --> 00:10:39,067
They put the fear of god in me,
my heart started beating faster
83
00:10:40,930 --> 00:10:41,930
What next?... What next?...What next?
84
00:10:43,785 --> 00:10:54,785
None of you will survive this day..
You'll all die in droves..
85
00:10:59,745 --> 00:11:13,745
In 1895 Upendra Kishore set up a
printing press called 'U.Ray & Sons'
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00:11:16,065 --> 00:11:24,065
Upendra Kishore hadn't been abroad, but sent
Sukumar to England to study printing & photography
87
00:11:28,398 --> 00:11:35,990
In 1911, Sukumar went to England
on a fellowship. He was 23 then.
88
00:11:36,005 --> 00:11:46,005
In London he studied for a year in the
London County Council School of photoengraving & Lithography
89
00:11:46,199 --> 00:11:54,510
He then studied
Chromolithography and litho-drawing
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00:11:56,511 --> 00:12:00,511
at the
Municipal School of Technology, Manchester
91
00:12:01,856 --> 00:12:15,856
His correspondence tells us that his tutelage
under Upendra Kishore was of great help.
92
00:12:15,902 --> 00:12:18,902
This was the time (1912) when
Rabindranath Tagore also went to England
93
00:12:19,567 --> 00:12:23,327
with his translation of "Gitanjali"
(Tagore was to win the Nobel Prize for 'Gitanjali')
94
00:12:41,078 --> 00:12:56,078
Sukumar Ray was one of the
first to welcome him there
95
00:12:58,142 --> 00:13:14,142
Sukumar wrote an article in 'QUEST'
introducing Tagore to the West
96
00:13:14,429 --> 00:13:30,209
Sukumar returned to India in October 1913
He had passed his examinations with distinction
97
00:13:31,184 --> 00:13:37,184
Two months later he married Suprabha
98
00:13:42,824 --> 00:13:50,824
In summer of 1913, Upendra Kishore
started publishing a children's magazine called
SANDESH
99
00:13:56,671 --> 00:13:59,671
Earlier he had published children's versions
of The Mahabharata and The Ramayana
100
00:14:01,399 --> 00:14:08,829
and the 'Book of the Toontooni Bird'
- A collection of folk tales of Bengal
101
00:14:09,079 --> 00:14:16,079
In 1914, the family shifted to
a new house at 100, Garpar Road
102
00:14:16,310 --> 00:14:24,310
His printing press was in the front and
living quarters at the back, facing south.
103
00:14:26,278 --> 00:14:34,278
Sadly, he died just two years
after SANDESH was first published.
104
00:14:35,279 --> 00:14:42,279
But in these two years
SANDESH had become a premium magazine.
105
00:14:44,255 --> 00:15:18,255
The quality of printing in SANDESH
was unsurpassed in its time.
106
00:15:19,381 --> 00:15:24,381
Sukumar took over where
his father had left SANDESH
107
00:15:25,069 --> 00:15:32,069
His first poem for SANDESH was called Khichudi (Kedgeree/mixture)
later included in his famous collection 'Abol Tabol' (The Ridiculous).
108
00:15:32,816 --> 00:15:37,816
Such convoluted verse and such pictures
could only have come from Sukumar Ray..
109
00:15:39,206 --> 00:15:46,206
Was a duck, porcupine (to grammar I bow not)
Became Duckupine, but how I know not.
110
00:15:46,650 --> 00:15:53,650
Stork tells turtle, �it�s a delight--
Our Stortle shape is exactly right!�
111
00:15:54,369 --> 00:16:00,369
The Parrot-Head Lizard feels very silly:
Must he spurn insects, for a raw green chili?
112
00:16:00,921 --> 00:16:06,921
The goat now hatches a plan to wed--
Mounts scorpion�s neck--body unites with head!
113
00:16:07,752 --> 00:16:14,752
The giraffe�s reluctant to wander nearby
With his grasshopper wings, he longs to fly.
114
00:16:14,864 --> 00:16:20,864
Says the cow, �What ails the pen
That my rear belongs to a rascally hen?�
115
00:16:21,080 --> 00:16:28,080
See the Whalephant:
The Whale wants the sea;
The Elephant says, �It�s the jungle for me.�
116
00:16:28,520 --> 00:16:35,520
The lion has no horns, that�s his woe--
He pairs with a deer; and antlers grow!
117
00:16:35,521 --> 00:16:45,521
Covers from early issues of
SANDESH
118
00:16:57,102 --> 00:17:04,102
The standards Upendra Kishore set for
Sandesh
were never lowered in Sukumar's time
119
00:17:04,791 --> 00:17:16,791
The whole family contributed (and
some contributions have become classics)
120
00:17:18,238 --> 00:17:27,238
Family apart, almost every well known writer
(Including Tagore) wrote for SANDESH
121
00:17:28,207 --> 00:17:31,207
But the bulk of pictures, sketches and stories
122
00:17:31,830 --> 00:17:36,830
were penned by Sukumar himself
123
00:17:37,101 --> 00:18:14,101
(They are still read 100 years later)
124
00:18:15,695 --> 00:18:18,705
The versatility of Sukumar
and his thirst for new things was unending
125
00:18:18,767 --> 00:18:24,057
he had given 7 names
to just one handwritten Notebook ..
126
00:18:24,206 --> 00:18:25,206
The Unnecessary Notebook
127
00:18:26,590 --> 00:18:27,590
The Nonsense Notebook
128
00:18:28,775 --> 00:18:29,775
The Fanciful Notebook
129
00:18:31,134 --> 00:18:32,134
The Notebook for Drafts
130
00:18:33,398 --> 00:18:34,398
The Just-Like-That Notebook
131
00:18:35,630 --> 00:18:36,630
The Wasted Notebook
132
00:18:37,821 --> 00:18:38,821
The Collections Notebook
133
00:18:40,093 --> 00:19:00,093
This Wonderful Notebook with its
many scribbles, riddles and notes
134
00:19:00,605 --> 00:19:07,605
Gives us an insight
into the mind of Sukumar Ray
135
00:19:47,605 --> 00:19:50,605
Sukumar had a life outside Sandesh too..
136
00:19:52,464 --> 00:19:55,464
He was the central figure among
the youth of the Brahmo Samaj
137
00:19:57,143 --> 00:20:05,143
When there was a dispute about
admitting Tagore to the Brahmo Samaj
138
00:20:09,087 --> 00:20:16,087
The youth, led by
Sukumar and Prashanto Maholanobis
139
00:20:16,965 --> 00:20:17,965
stood up against the establishment
140
00:20:26,609 --> 00:20:30,609
Ultimately Tagore was admitted
by a popular vote
141
00:20:32,641 --> 00:20:44,641
In 1915 he founded the 'Monday Club'
142
00:20:45,728 --> 00:20:54,728
It attracted the cream of
young intellectuals of Bengal
143
00:21:00,784 --> 00:21:01,984
Some members were
144
00:21:02,482 --> 00:21:03,482
Satyendra Nath Dutta (Poet)
145
00:21:04,081 --> 00:21:05,081
Ajit Kumar Chakrabarty
146
00:21:06,337 --> 00:21:07,337
Atul Prasad Sen
147
00:21:08,713 --> 00:21:09,713
Suniti Kumar Chattopadhyay
148
00:21:10,161 --> 00:21:11,161
Kalidas Nag
149
00:21:11,213 --> 00:21:13,853
Prashanto Chandra Maholanobis
150
00:21:14,313 --> 00:21:15,313
Hiran Sanyal etc.
151
00:21:17,607 --> 00:21:24,607
The invitations to the Club Meetings
were unique in their contents and composition
152
00:21:29,584 --> 00:21:41,594
Sukumar personally composed them
and they were printed at U Ray and Sons
153
00:21:57,952 --> 00:21:58,952
Most were in verse
154
00:22:01,757 --> 00:22:22,757
some have passed into folklore
(recitation in Bengali)
155
00:22:24,927 --> 00:22:27,927
The discussions in this
club were on serious issues.
156
00:22:28,703 --> 00:22:32,703
Poetry, literature, Art, philosophy, politics
Nothing was left out.
157
00:22:33,596 --> 00:22:58,596
The poet Satyendranath wrote a poem
(Recitation in Bengali)
158
00:23:01,014 --> 00:23:06,314
Sukumar wrote two plays for older audiences
One was 'Chalachitta Chanchari'
159
00:23:07,446 --> 00:23:09,446
And the other 'Shabda Kalpa Droom'
160
00:23:17,477 --> 00:23:27,477
In 1921, aged 33 Sukumar fell ill
with a tropical disease that knew no cure then.
161
00:23:30,150 --> 00:23:35,150
His son Satyajit was born the same year
162
00:23:36,629 --> 00:23:42,629
Despite his illness
Sukumar kept writing for Sandesh
163
00:23:46,742 --> 00:23:49,742
'Haw Jaw Baw Raw Law'
(Absurdity) was written at this time
164
00:23:55,318 --> 00:23:58,318
This, his greatest creation, was
inspired by Lewis Carrol's Alice in Wonderland
.
165
00:24:01,357 --> 00:24:05,357
The world of Haw Jaw Baw Raw Law
is a world of fantasy and dreams
166
00:24:07,477 --> 00:24:09,477
Whats your weight?
I don't know
167
00:24:16,477 --> 00:24:17,477
2.5 kilogram
How can that be?
168
00:24:18,039 --> 00:24:21,039
Patal is younger than me
and even he weighs 21 Kilograms
169
00:24:22,489 --> 00:24:23,489
Your measures are different
170
00:24:23,895 --> 00:24:26,895
Write down
Weight 2.5 Kg, age 37
171
00:24:29,607 --> 00:24:34,607
That's nonsense.
My age is 8 years 3 months
172
00:24:35,262 --> 00:24:36,262
Is it increasing or decreasing?
173
00:24:36,263 --> 00:24:37,263
What do you mean?
174
00:24:37,525 --> 00:24:38,525
Is your age increasin or decreasing?
175
00:24:40,526 --> 00:24:43,526
How can age ever decrease?
176
00:24:43,600 --> 00:24:46,030
Are you saying
age can only increase?
177
00:24:47,104 --> 00:24:50,104
40-50-60-70-80...
I'd grow old and die!
178
00:24:51,533 --> 00:24:54,533
A person won't grow old at 80?
179
00:24:55,428 --> 00:24:58,428
How idiotic!
Why should I let my age grow?
180
00:25:00,045 --> 00:25:04,045
As soon as I age to 40, a
reverse countdown starts
181
00:25:04,752 --> 00:25:08,752
40-39-38-37...
182
00:25:10,300 --> 00:25:14,300
When it comes back to 10
it starts increasing again
183
00:25:16,419 --> 00:25:19,419
My age has increased and
decreased so may times
184
00:25:19,519 --> 00:25:21,119
Its now 13
185
00:25:24,211 --> 00:25:29,211
In 1922, Sukumar was elected a
Fellow of the Royal Photographic Society
186
00:25:31,203 --> 00:25:37,203
In 1923 he published "Ateeter Chhobi"
A history of the Brahmo Samaj
187
00:25:40,468 --> 00:25:44,468
His health was deteriorating
but his creativity was unabated
188
00:25:49,795 --> 00:25:55,795
He published printer's manuals
189
00:25:59,571 --> 00:26:04,571
A new book of verse was
taking shape in little pieces
190
00:26:07,395 --> 00:26:09,395
He was writing the Mahabharata in verse
191
00:26:10,268 --> 00:26:15,268
A recuperation visit to Sodhpur led to
this painting of a sunset on the Ganges
192
00:26:17,330 --> 00:26:31,330
A dummy copy of 'Abol Tabol'(Ridiculous)
was prepared with his own sketches
193
00:26:33,378 --> 00:26:34,378
Even the cover of the book
was painted by him - in color
194
00:26:38,593 --> 00:26:39,593
Sukumar did not live to see it in print
195
00:26:42,162 --> 00:26:46,162
In the last poem of Abol Tabol
He clearly foretells his death
196
00:26:50,218 --> 00:26:57,218
Today before I leave/I will speak out my heart
Even if it is meaningless/ Let people not understand
197
00:26:57,431 --> 00:27:06,431
I have let my imagination flow today
Thee is no one who can stop it any more
198
00:27:07,968 --> 00:27:08,968
and the last two lines...
199
00:27:09,744 --> 00:27:14,744
Its now time to sleep,
my song is over today
200
00:27:15,906 --> 00:27:23,916
Tagore visited him at this time
201
00:27:24,240 --> 00:27:28,240
10th September 1923 -
there was an eartquake in Calcutta
202
00:27:27,790 --> 00:27:36,790
That morning Sukumar Ray passed away
He was only 36
203
00:27:51,975 --> 00:27:56,975
Heraing of Sukumar's death, Tagore said
204
00:27:57,614 --> 00:28:01,614
I have seen many deaths. But I have never
seen anyone like this young man
205
00:28:02,964 --> 00:28:10,964
who facing death,
nevertheless sang songs to life.
206
00:28:12,676 --> 00:28:26,676
Sitting beside his death bed I have heard that
song and my heart is overflowing with it,
207
00:28:29,925 --> 00:28:47,925
Early pictures of
Satyajit Ray, Sukumar Ray's son
19984
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