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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:05,625 --> 00:00:07,375 Police are hunting a mass murderer believed 2 00:00:07,458 --> 00:00:09,709 to have killed as many as 21 prostitutes. 3 00:00:09,792 --> 00:00:11,250 [reporter 2] Police have been trying to find 4 00:00:11,333 --> 00:00:13,500 a man they call the Green River Killer. 5 00:00:13,583 --> 00:00:16,041 We knew that we, at that time, had a serial murderer on our hands. 6 00:00:16,792 --> 00:00:21,083 In the late '80s, there was a new breed of serial killer. 7 00:00:21,500 --> 00:00:23,000 [reporter] It wasn't until last March 8 00:00:23,083 --> 00:00:25,500 that investigators began linking the cases 9 00:00:25,583 --> 00:00:27,542 as the so-called Happy Face Killer. 10 00:00:27,625 --> 00:00:30,792 These were killers that were more sophisticated. 11 00:00:30,875 --> 00:00:32,709 They were contacting the media. 12 00:00:32,792 --> 00:00:35,333 The man who calls himself the BTK Killer... 13 00:00:35,417 --> 00:00:37,041 {\an8}[reporter] Letters claiming responsibility 14 00:00:37,125 --> 00:00:39,333 {\an8}were sent by a man who referred to himself 15 00:00:39,417 --> 00:00:41,208 {\an8}by the initials BTK. 16 00:00:41,291 --> 00:00:43,792 We were looking at males and females 17 00:00:43,875 --> 00:00:46,166 that might be murdered, and children. 18 00:00:46,750 --> 00:00:49,041 They're not killing for the same reasons 19 00:00:49,125 --> 00:00:52,417 that the early serial killers that we studied were. 20 00:00:52,500 --> 00:00:54,333 [phone ringing] 21 00:00:55,875 --> 00:00:57,291 Behavioral Science, Ressler. 22 00:00:57,375 --> 00:00:59,291 [phone ringing] 23 00:00:59,375 --> 00:01:01,583 [Dr. Ann Burgess] The word got out that we were doing profiling. 24 00:01:02,000 --> 00:01:04,291 We were just besieged with cases. 25 00:01:04,375 --> 00:01:07,583 Approximately 300-a-year profile requests are coming in now. 26 00:01:07,667 --> 00:01:11,041 They are coming in faster than we really can manage it. 27 00:01:12,083 --> 00:01:15,291 We were somewhat limited 'cause we didn't have a lot of profilers. 28 00:01:16,500 --> 00:01:18,625 I think the numbers are getting a little out of control. 29 00:01:19,583 --> 00:01:20,750 We turn a lot of them away. 30 00:01:21,333 --> 00:01:23,792 [reporter] A string of disappearances, rapes, and murders... 31 00:01:23,875 --> 00:01:28,250 [indistinct news reports overlapping] 32 00:01:28,333 --> 00:01:30,917 [Dr. Burgess] Cases weren't being looked at. 33 00:01:31,000 --> 00:01:32,667 They were just being put on a shelf. 34 00:01:34,166 --> 00:01:36,834 It's so dangerous. I mean, these are people that are killing. 35 00:01:38,625 --> 00:01:40,250 We should be doing a better job. 36 00:01:40,875 --> 00:01:43,250 [phone ringing] 37 00:01:43,333 --> 00:01:45,083 [♪ ominous music plays] 38 00:01:48,208 --> 00:01:50,792 - [indistinct chatter] - [phones ringing] 39 00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:55,417 [Steven Constantine] In the late '80s, 40 00:01:55,500 --> 00:01:57,500 one of the things that the team realized 41 00:01:58,291 --> 00:02:01,542 was that, to a degree, they had built profiling for themselves. 42 00:02:03,083 --> 00:02:04,625 [♪ gentle music playing] 43 00:02:04,709 --> 00:02:07,417 Dr. Burgess wanted to advance profiling 44 00:02:07,917 --> 00:02:10,291 {\an8}so that it could be this tool that was really applicable 45 00:02:10,375 --> 00:02:12,125 {\an8}to law enforcement as a whole. 46 00:02:12,208 --> 00:02:14,625 European attendees asking for additional information... 47 00:02:14,709 --> 00:02:19,250 [Dr. Burgess] We wanted to train law enforcement to use this tool. 48 00:02:19,333 --> 00:02:21,250 [♪ intense music playing] 49 00:02:22,125 --> 00:02:23,458 We had to publish. 50 00:02:24,291 --> 00:02:28,166 With Ann's input, I can see a publication taking place here 51 00:02:28,250 --> 00:02:31,625 that would be used within law enforcement circles. 52 00:02:33,250 --> 00:02:35,792 [Dr. Burgess] I hoped this research would make a difference. 53 00:02:36,375 --> 00:02:37,500 [killer] The obsessions, the fantasies. 54 00:02:37,583 --> 00:02:40,291 [Ed Kemper] I would not allow myself to walk into even a potential trap. 55 00:02:40,375 --> 00:02:42,709 {\an8}[Ted Bundy] I keep craving something which is harder and harder. 56 00:02:42,792 --> 00:02:44,375 [Robert Ressler] The organized, disorganized... 57 00:02:44,458 --> 00:02:45,834 Two separate personality types. 58 00:02:45,917 --> 00:02:47,667 [Montie Rissell] Somebody wants somebody bad enough, 59 00:02:47,750 --> 00:02:49,000 it's nearly impossible to prevent it. 60 00:02:49,083 --> 00:02:52,291 [Dr. Burgess] To try to chunk down that whole process 61 00:02:52,375 --> 00:02:54,625 by studying the people that are doing it. 62 00:02:54,709 --> 00:02:57,875 [Ressler] The classification based on what they did at the scene, 63 00:02:57,959 --> 00:03:00,291 more likely to live alone, live near the scene of the crime. 64 00:03:00,375 --> 00:03:03,792 [John Douglas] You're dealing with a guy who is not your introverted, weird loner. 65 00:03:04,750 --> 00:03:06,417 [FBI analyst] A good number of these individuals are 66 00:03:06,500 --> 00:03:08,250 in the bright, very superior group. 67 00:03:08,333 --> 00:03:13,000 [indistinct overlapping chatter] 68 00:03:15,959 --> 00:03:17,458 [♪ music fades] 69 00:03:18,834 --> 00:03:20,500 [Dr. Burgess] All of that material was published 70 00:03:20,583 --> 00:03:24,208 in an academic book called Sexual Homicide. 71 00:03:25,291 --> 00:03:27,208 For me and for the whole team, it was huge. 72 00:03:27,291 --> 00:03:28,750 Huge breakthrough. 73 00:03:28,834 --> 00:03:31,208 We're teaching in courses all over the country, 74 00:03:31,625 --> 00:03:34,333 information that has come from our efforts thus far. 75 00:03:35,041 --> 00:03:38,625 The program started to really expand. 76 00:03:38,709 --> 00:03:41,041 [reporter] There are now 29 known victims 77 00:03:41,125 --> 00:03:42,417 of the Green River Killer. 78 00:03:42,500 --> 00:03:45,417 The local police turned to a special FBI unit 79 00:03:45,500 --> 00:03:46,667 for help with the case 80 00:03:46,750 --> 00:03:50,375 {\an8}FBI was notoriously a one-way street. 81 00:03:50,458 --> 00:03:51,750 {\an8}We don't give you anything. 82 00:03:52,125 --> 00:03:54,834 And then the Behavioral Science Unit comes along, 83 00:03:54,917 --> 00:03:58,291 and all of a sudden they're not only gathering information, 84 00:03:58,375 --> 00:04:01,458 but they're coming back to you to help solve crimes. 85 00:04:01,542 --> 00:04:04,375 {\an8}We have used the Behavioral Sciences Unit 86 00:04:04,458 --> 00:04:07,750 {\an8}that the FBI has established at Quantico, Virginia. 87 00:04:07,834 --> 00:04:10,500 {\an8}It's really a teamwork, but profiling has become 88 00:04:10,583 --> 00:04:13,709 {\an8}a key tool for law enforcement. 89 00:04:14,500 --> 00:04:17,667 [Dr. Burgess] The information helped law enforcement investigate 90 00:04:17,750 --> 00:04:19,458 these crimes and catch killers. 91 00:04:19,542 --> 00:04:22,125 [reporter 1] Authorities arrested 59-year-old Dennis Rader 92 00:04:22,208 --> 00:04:24,000 for BTK's eight murders. 93 00:04:24,083 --> 00:04:25,583 [reporter 2] The arrest of one of the country's 94 00:04:25,667 --> 00:04:27,291 most prolific serial killers. 95 00:04:27,375 --> 00:04:28,959 [reporter 3] Keith Jesperson says he wants 96 00:04:29,041 --> 00:04:31,375 to make a full confession for his crimes 97 00:04:31,458 --> 00:04:33,542 as the so-called Happy Face Killer. 98 00:04:33,625 --> 00:04:36,125 [reporter 4] Green River Killer Gary Ridgway confessed 99 00:04:36,208 --> 00:04:37,834 to killing 48 women. 100 00:04:37,917 --> 00:04:39,458 I think there's not any doubt, uh, 101 00:04:39,542 --> 00:04:41,000 that there probably would've been more. 102 00:04:41,333 --> 00:04:43,667 So, good work by all these agencies. 103 00:04:43,750 --> 00:04:45,625 [♪ uplifting music playing] 104 00:04:45,709 --> 00:04:48,542 [Dr. Burgess] For the first time, we had a profiler working 105 00:04:48,625 --> 00:04:50,458 in almost every state, 106 00:04:50,834 --> 00:04:55,000 {\an8}and we were clearing more cases than we ever had before. 107 00:04:56,875 --> 00:04:58,208 With the help of Ann Burgess, 108 00:04:58,291 --> 00:05:01,291 we could play the chess game a little bit better, 109 00:05:01,375 --> 00:05:02,542 and get him maybe... 110 00:05:02,625 --> 00:05:04,083 a couple of victims sooner 111 00:05:04,166 --> 00:05:06,125 than we would have gotten him in the past. 112 00:05:09,834 --> 00:05:10,917 [static crackles] 113 00:05:11,000 --> 00:05:13,542 [♪ tense music playing] 114 00:05:13,625 --> 00:05:15,583 Robert Ressler has made a career 115 00:05:15,667 --> 00:05:17,458 out of tracking and apprehending 116 00:05:17,542 --> 00:05:20,417 some of our nation's most violent serial killers. 117 00:05:20,500 --> 00:05:21,792 He was a consultant on the book 118 00:05:21,875 --> 00:05:24,583 which was the basis for the movie Silence of the Lambs. 119 00:05:24,667 --> 00:05:27,250 What I wanted to ask you about first was the movie. 120 00:05:27,333 --> 00:05:30,375 - Did you like it? - I thought it was a tremendous movie. 121 00:05:30,458 --> 00:05:33,709 [reporter] In the movie, Douglas was played by actor Scott Glenn. 122 00:05:34,041 --> 00:05:36,083 - Good morning. - [Clarice Starling] Morning, Mr. Crawford. 123 00:05:36,583 --> 00:05:39,250 {\an8}[Constantine] Douglas and Ressler were quick to write their books, 124 00:05:39,333 --> 00:05:42,125 {\an8}and they were quick to consult on TV shows 125 00:05:42,208 --> 00:05:44,625 and to share their story in whatever ways possible. 126 00:05:44,709 --> 00:05:46,750 Really to do the job effectively, you really have to... 127 00:05:46,834 --> 00:05:48,125 [reporter] He inspired TV shows... 128 00:05:48,208 --> 00:05:51,875 [indistinct overlapping chatter] 129 00:05:56,000 --> 00:05:58,041 [birds chirping] 130 00:05:59,041 --> 00:06:01,208 [soft footsteps] 131 00:06:01,291 --> 00:06:03,500 [Constantine] It was interesting talking with Ann 132 00:06:03,583 --> 00:06:06,375 about why her story had remained hidden. 133 00:06:06,458 --> 00:06:08,250 [♪ gentle music playing] 134 00:06:08,333 --> 00:06:11,542 She didn't really wanna take on the sort of cultural mystique 135 00:06:11,625 --> 00:06:14,000 like a bunch of the other agents had wanted to. 136 00:06:14,083 --> 00:06:15,750 ♪♪ 137 00:06:15,834 --> 00:06:18,834 {\an8}She always had a behind-the-curtain quality, 138 00:06:20,333 --> 00:06:22,375 partly because of her own style 139 00:06:22,458 --> 00:06:25,166 of being not particularly self-promoting. 140 00:06:26,250 --> 00:06:27,917 Dr. Burgess has been doing this work 141 00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:30,166 with the BSU for over a decade now, 142 00:06:30,917 --> 00:06:32,667 and she's starting to rethink 143 00:06:32,750 --> 00:06:36,500 how she can best continue her pursuit 144 00:06:36,583 --> 00:06:38,291 of being in service to victims. 145 00:06:39,875 --> 00:06:43,208 Most of the agents that I had worked with had retired. 146 00:06:44,750 --> 00:06:47,125 I wanted to move on. I was ready to move on. 147 00:06:49,500 --> 00:06:51,083 It just seemed the right thing to do. 148 00:06:52,917 --> 00:06:56,291 [birds chirping] 149 00:07:00,667 --> 00:07:02,041 Oh, the turkeys are here. 150 00:07:03,792 --> 00:07:04,917 I've gotta feed 'em. 151 00:07:05,667 --> 00:07:07,500 [turkeys gobbling] 152 00:07:07,583 --> 00:07:08,959 I felt it was the right time... 153 00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:13,667 but I didn't know what I was gonna do next. 154 00:07:16,917 --> 00:07:19,000 I had my own career, certainly, in nursing, 155 00:07:19,083 --> 00:07:21,000 so that was all going on. 156 00:07:23,333 --> 00:07:25,959 As an academic, I had to be into new areas, 157 00:07:26,667 --> 00:07:28,709 write grants, get published. 158 00:07:29,250 --> 00:07:31,959 [indistinct chatter] 159 00:07:33,375 --> 00:07:35,750 [Sarah Cailean] She has expressed that it felt a little like, 160 00:07:35,834 --> 00:07:37,083 let me step back... 161 00:07:38,291 --> 00:07:39,333 take a breath, 162 00:07:39,875 --> 00:07:41,834 {\an8}examine my surroundings 163 00:07:41,917 --> 00:07:45,792 {\an8}and see in what other way can I put this work to use. 164 00:07:48,625 --> 00:07:52,667 [♪ tense music playing] 165 00:07:55,500 --> 00:07:58,792 [Dr. Burgess] One day, a defense attorney called me 166 00:07:58,875 --> 00:08:02,083 and asked me if I had heard about this case 167 00:08:02,166 --> 00:08:03,458 out of Los Angeles. 168 00:08:03,542 --> 00:08:04,667 And I had not. 169 00:08:05,750 --> 00:08:08,709 And so, he tells me to go down to the local store 170 00:08:08,792 --> 00:08:10,834 and pick up a copy of People magazine. 171 00:08:10,917 --> 00:08:12,333 And I said, "Oh, 172 00:08:12,417 --> 00:08:15,542 this is now gonna be my reading material on cases?" 173 00:08:17,625 --> 00:08:20,625 [♪ tense music continues] 174 00:08:27,625 --> 00:08:29,333 {\an8}I've heard of very few murders 175 00:08:29,417 --> 00:08:31,333 {\an8}that were more savage than this one was. 176 00:08:31,417 --> 00:08:33,667 [reporter 1] No signs of a break-in or a burglary. 177 00:08:33,750 --> 00:08:36,709 Only the bodies of entertainment executive Jose Menéndez 178 00:08:36,792 --> 00:08:39,625 and his wife Kitty in the family TV room. 179 00:08:40,250 --> 00:08:42,875 [reporter 2] Jose Menéndez was shot five times, 180 00:08:42,959 --> 00:08:46,041 a fatal wound through the back of the head into the brain. 181 00:08:46,417 --> 00:08:49,000 His wife Kitty was unrecognizable. 182 00:08:49,083 --> 00:08:51,625 Four separate shots in the head and face, 183 00:08:51,709 --> 00:08:55,583 six in her arms, chest, hips, legs. 184 00:08:56,041 --> 00:08:58,959 [reporter 3] Their sons, Erik and Lyle, said they found the bodies, 185 00:08:59,041 --> 00:09:02,542 but new evidence ranging from records of the family psychologist 186 00:09:02,625 --> 00:09:05,667 to a movie script about a rich kid who kills his parents 187 00:09:05,750 --> 00:09:08,000 now indicates the brothers did it. 188 00:09:08,083 --> 00:09:10,000 They killed their wealthy parents. 189 00:09:10,083 --> 00:09:12,125 Lyle and Erik Menéndez were arraigned yesterday 190 00:09:12,208 --> 00:09:13,792 on charges they murdered their parents 191 00:09:13,875 --> 00:09:16,041 to inherit a $14 million estate. 192 00:09:18,917 --> 00:09:20,542 [Dr. Burgess] It was a high-profile case, 193 00:09:20,625 --> 00:09:23,917 and I had never done a defense case before. 194 00:09:24,000 --> 00:09:27,875 ♪♪ 195 00:09:29,834 --> 00:09:33,458 The prosecution saying this was for money wasn't adding up. 196 00:09:39,250 --> 00:09:41,125 There had to be something else, 197 00:09:42,291 --> 00:09:43,709 so I agreed to go out, 198 00:09:44,166 --> 00:09:46,291 at least to meet with them. 199 00:09:46,375 --> 00:09:49,083 [plane engine roaring] 200 00:09:52,250 --> 00:09:55,166 [♪ tense music playing] 201 00:10:00,542 --> 00:10:02,667 When I met with Erik, that was the first time 202 00:10:02,750 --> 00:10:06,208 that I was actually in the room with a killer. 203 00:10:06,291 --> 00:10:07,792 ♪♪ 204 00:10:07,875 --> 00:10:10,291 I'm looking at somebody that killed his mother and his father. 205 00:10:10,375 --> 00:10:11,709 ♪♪ 206 00:10:13,500 --> 00:10:14,583 He was likable. 207 00:10:15,750 --> 00:10:17,792 I mean, we could talk about sports and tennis 208 00:10:17,875 --> 00:10:20,250 and, you know, everything except the crime. 209 00:10:20,333 --> 00:10:21,667 ♪♪ 210 00:10:23,166 --> 00:10:25,458 I needed to know exactly what happened 211 00:10:26,667 --> 00:10:29,125 and also to understand why they did it. 212 00:10:30,917 --> 00:10:33,625 I was wondering how he was gonna be able to talk about it... 213 00:10:36,500 --> 00:10:39,125 and that's what I decided to use the drawings, 214 00:10:39,208 --> 00:10:41,583 because that would give him something concrete 215 00:10:41,667 --> 00:10:43,125 to be able to focus on. 216 00:10:43,875 --> 00:10:45,834 He wouldn't have to be looking directly at me 217 00:10:45,917 --> 00:10:47,709 to talk about the situation. 218 00:10:52,500 --> 00:10:54,959 We spent a whole day on the drawings. 219 00:10:55,041 --> 00:10:58,041 [♪ tense music continues] 220 00:11:03,166 --> 00:11:05,000 [♪ music fades] 221 00:11:05,083 --> 00:11:08,208 This is the very first one that really gave me an inkling 222 00:11:08,291 --> 00:11:09,542 of heart of the motive. 223 00:11:10,500 --> 00:11:12,291 The father looking very large, 224 00:11:12,375 --> 00:11:14,750 compared to this little teeny Erik. 225 00:11:15,500 --> 00:11:17,583 Erik wanted to go away to college 226 00:11:17,959 --> 00:11:19,583 and the father said, "No, you're not going to. 227 00:11:19,667 --> 00:11:20,917 "You're gonna come home. 228 00:11:21,583 --> 00:11:23,875 I want you home during the week to sleep here." 229 00:11:24,709 --> 00:11:27,667 It gave me an idea of how controlling the father was. 230 00:11:29,625 --> 00:11:33,709 That was the start of the week that escalated. 231 00:11:35,250 --> 00:11:38,625 Something happened that really set into motion 232 00:11:38,709 --> 00:11:40,583 that they had no other choice 233 00:11:40,667 --> 00:11:41,959 but to shotgun their parents. 234 00:11:42,041 --> 00:11:45,041 [♪ tense music playing] 235 00:11:46,667 --> 00:11:49,625 Based on the father, a very domineering person, 236 00:11:50,709 --> 00:11:53,291 I felt there's some abuse issue here. 237 00:11:54,959 --> 00:11:56,875 It could have been psychological, 238 00:11:56,959 --> 00:11:58,417 it could have been physical. 239 00:12:00,250 --> 00:12:01,875 There are a lot of these drawings that 240 00:12:01,959 --> 00:12:04,542 the father and the son are in Erik's bedroom, 241 00:12:05,333 --> 00:12:07,333 which I thought was a very unusual place. 242 00:12:10,583 --> 00:12:12,917 I used that as a way to say, 243 00:12:13,000 --> 00:12:16,417 "What are the other kinds of things maybe that you could tell me 244 00:12:16,500 --> 00:12:17,834 that went on in the bedroom?" 245 00:12:19,500 --> 00:12:22,083 You could see how hard it was for him to get it out. 246 00:12:28,750 --> 00:12:30,667 ♪♪ 247 00:12:30,750 --> 00:12:33,625 I knew it then, this was sexual abuse, 248 00:12:34,500 --> 00:12:37,917 which in itself is very difficult, but also was incest. 249 00:12:41,000 --> 00:12:44,750 He was somewhat stoic about it. It happened. 250 00:12:46,542 --> 00:12:49,083 The two brothers were very bonded, 251 00:12:49,166 --> 00:12:51,041 very, very caring of each other. 252 00:12:54,166 --> 00:12:58,834 Erik tells his older brother about the sexual assault. 253 00:13:02,417 --> 00:13:05,917 He told me Lyle was abused early, 254 00:13:06,500 --> 00:13:09,667 but the father had a preference for young boys. 255 00:13:11,500 --> 00:13:14,542 That's why Erik became the next victim. 256 00:13:17,625 --> 00:13:21,291 The mother... didn't protect her sons. 257 00:13:27,333 --> 00:13:29,625 The abuse had now been exposed. 258 00:13:30,917 --> 00:13:33,000 [♪ tense music continues] 259 00:13:34,834 --> 00:13:36,625 Lyle confronts the father. 260 00:13:38,750 --> 00:13:43,083 The father was an executive in the music industry. 261 00:13:43,709 --> 00:13:47,291 An incest secret coming out would have ruined Jose, 262 00:13:48,250 --> 00:13:49,583 no question about it. 263 00:13:50,333 --> 00:13:53,333 ♪♪ 264 00:13:54,417 --> 00:13:56,625 The father was threatening them. 265 00:14:06,917 --> 00:14:09,208 ♪♪ 266 00:14:09,709 --> 00:14:11,667 You could just see them talking about 267 00:14:11,750 --> 00:14:13,083 how fearful they were then, 268 00:14:14,166 --> 00:14:17,750 and they felt that the parents were going to kill them. 269 00:14:19,375 --> 00:14:22,375 [♪ tense music continues] 270 00:14:32,083 --> 00:14:33,083 They were frantic. 271 00:14:33,166 --> 00:14:35,083 They felt it was imminent 272 00:14:35,166 --> 00:14:37,125 that something was gonna happen to them 273 00:14:37,208 --> 00:14:39,542 so they had to act Sunday night. 274 00:14:39,959 --> 00:14:42,959 [♪ melancholic music playing] 275 00:14:52,834 --> 00:14:56,417 [pencil scratching] 276 00:15:08,458 --> 00:15:10,041 They killed their parents. 277 00:15:10,625 --> 00:15:12,959 Absolutely no matter what the circumstances are, 278 00:15:13,041 --> 00:15:14,250 that's still wrong, 279 00:15:15,333 --> 00:15:17,041 but they certainly were abused. 280 00:15:17,125 --> 00:15:20,917 I could sympathize with what they had to put up with. 281 00:15:21,000 --> 00:15:23,500 [♪ melancholic music playing] 282 00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:28,000 [ambient nature sounds] 283 00:15:29,542 --> 00:15:32,625 And so, I decided to testify for the defense. 284 00:15:37,542 --> 00:15:39,875 [Constantine] One of the things that people always wonder about too is 285 00:15:39,959 --> 00:15:42,375 how Ann could start working for the defense 286 00:15:42,458 --> 00:15:44,542 when she switched over to trial cases. 287 00:15:46,041 --> 00:15:48,709 Right off the bat, she was challenged by fellow agents. 288 00:15:49,333 --> 00:15:53,000 A lot of them said, "Why are you standing up for the bad guys?" 289 00:15:54,125 --> 00:15:55,709 John Douglas came up to her and said, 290 00:15:55,792 --> 00:15:57,250 "You're making the wrong choice." 291 00:15:59,250 --> 00:16:01,917 [Dr. Burgess] Agents always testify for prosecution. 292 00:16:03,125 --> 00:16:05,000 So when he heard I was gonna be on defense 293 00:16:05,083 --> 00:16:06,500 on the case that I was on, 294 00:16:07,500 --> 00:16:09,125 I would say he was not happy. 295 00:16:09,208 --> 00:16:12,083 [♪ melancholic music playing] 296 00:16:14,333 --> 00:16:17,208 [Constantine] The Menéndez case could ruin her reputation. 297 00:16:18,417 --> 00:16:21,542 People could say, "This woman who was always for the good guys, 298 00:16:21,625 --> 00:16:23,083 she's lost her way." 299 00:16:25,500 --> 00:16:29,583 [Dr. Burgess] To me, it was important in terms of getting the truth out 300 00:16:30,166 --> 00:16:32,542 about trauma and abuse. 301 00:16:32,625 --> 00:16:34,959 ♪♪ 302 00:16:36,500 --> 00:16:38,458 [Constantine] This colleague of hers came up and said, 303 00:16:38,542 --> 00:16:40,250 "You can't defend these boys. 304 00:16:41,583 --> 00:16:44,250 "If you do, other boys might start coming forward 305 00:16:44,333 --> 00:16:46,750 and talking about their sexual abuse, too." 306 00:16:47,250 --> 00:16:49,291 And she was like, "Yeah, that's the point." 307 00:16:49,709 --> 00:16:51,041 This is the right thing to do. 308 00:16:51,750 --> 00:16:53,834 [♪ music fades] 309 00:16:55,125 --> 00:16:58,000 [traffic whooshing] 310 00:17:00,458 --> 00:17:02,458 [indistinct chatter] 311 00:17:04,375 --> 00:17:06,959 A sensational murder trial opened today in California. 312 00:17:07,041 --> 00:17:08,834 The defendants: two brothers. 313 00:17:08,917 --> 00:17:10,917 The victims: their parents. 314 00:17:11,000 --> 00:17:13,375 Their defense: self-defense. 315 00:17:13,458 --> 00:17:15,709 {\an8}[reporter 1] Legally, neither Lyle nor Erik Menéndez 316 00:17:15,792 --> 00:17:17,000 {\an8}can be found innocent. 317 00:17:17,083 --> 00:17:18,500 They admit they killed their parents, 318 00:17:18,583 --> 00:17:20,959 only their motives were at issue in the trial. 319 00:17:21,041 --> 00:17:23,375 {\an8}[reporter 2] Jurors will have to decide whether they were motivated 320 00:17:23,458 --> 00:17:26,083 {\an8}by fear for their own lives or by greed. 321 00:17:26,166 --> 00:17:28,166 {\an8}If convicted of involuntary manslaughter, 322 00:17:28,250 --> 00:17:30,291 they could go free with time served. 323 00:17:30,375 --> 00:17:31,917 If convicted of first-degree murder, 324 00:17:32,000 --> 00:17:33,458 it could mean the death penalty. 325 00:17:37,250 --> 00:17:41,750 [Stanley Weisberg] In the trial of people versus Erik Menéndez. 326 00:17:41,834 --> 00:17:43,417 The defense may call its next witness. 327 00:17:43,500 --> 00:17:46,250 [Leslie Abramson] Thank you, Your Honor. The defense calls Dr. Ann Burgess. 328 00:17:48,250 --> 00:17:50,792 [bailiff] You do solemnly swear that the testimony will be the truth, 329 00:17:50,875 --> 00:17:52,417 the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, 330 00:17:52,500 --> 00:17:53,667 - so help you God? - I do. 331 00:17:53,750 --> 00:17:55,500 [bailiff] Please take the stand and state your name... 332 00:17:55,583 --> 00:17:57,834 I knew it was gonna be an uphill battle. 333 00:17:57,917 --> 00:17:59,750 This was not an easy case. 334 00:18:00,375 --> 00:18:02,750 Ann Wolbert Burgess. 335 00:18:04,333 --> 00:18:06,291 [Constantine] Before this, there had been defenses built 336 00:18:06,375 --> 00:18:08,041 around victims, abuse, and fear, 337 00:18:08,125 --> 00:18:10,333 but it had only been used with wives 338 00:18:10,417 --> 00:18:11,709 who killed their husbands. 339 00:18:14,583 --> 00:18:18,041 It had never been used with a male victim in the past. 340 00:18:19,458 --> 00:18:21,000 She knew that it was a long shot. 341 00:18:22,500 --> 00:18:25,583 [Abramson] After your 50 hours of the interview with Erik Menéndez, 342 00:18:25,667 --> 00:18:28,542 did you formulate an opinion as to whether or not 343 00:18:28,625 --> 00:18:30,792 he was sexually molested as a child? 344 00:18:30,875 --> 00:18:32,500 - Yes, I did. - [Abramson] And what is that opinion? 345 00:18:32,583 --> 00:18:34,667 And my opinion was that he was. 346 00:18:34,750 --> 00:18:36,834 [Abramson] Literature suggests that it is more difficult, 347 00:18:36,917 --> 00:18:39,125 particularly for an adolescent boy, 348 00:18:39,667 --> 00:18:43,583 to admit a same-sex molestation. 349 00:18:43,667 --> 00:18:46,542 Yes, it's much harder for an adolescent male. Yes. 350 00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:52,834 That seems to be related to the mythology of male sexuality. 351 00:18:52,917 --> 00:18:56,208 There is this belief that males, regardless of age, 352 00:18:56,291 --> 00:18:58,250 are supposed to be able to manage 353 00:18:58,333 --> 00:19:02,333 and to perhaps even enjoy any type of sexual activity 354 00:19:02,417 --> 00:19:03,792 and that they should not complain. 355 00:19:04,959 --> 00:19:07,083 [Abramson] Dealing with that last week 356 00:19:07,166 --> 00:19:08,834 leading up to the shootings, 357 00:19:08,917 --> 00:19:12,041 have you determined critical factors 358 00:19:12,125 --> 00:19:15,208 that contributed to the occurrence of the shootings in this case? 359 00:19:15,291 --> 00:19:16,417 Yes, I have. 360 00:19:17,208 --> 00:19:20,792 Erik's father's insistence that he continue to live at home, 361 00:19:21,375 --> 00:19:24,792 which Erik understands to mean that the sexual abuse would continue. 362 00:19:25,375 --> 00:19:29,000 Erik's disclosure of his sexual abuse to Lyle. 363 00:19:29,583 --> 00:19:32,166 Lyle's confrontation with the father, 364 00:19:32,250 --> 00:19:34,458 prompting the father's threat 365 00:19:34,542 --> 00:19:37,458 to protect the secret at all costs. 366 00:19:38,291 --> 00:19:39,750 The father always said one of the things 367 00:19:39,834 --> 00:19:41,834 that he could do is just wipe out the family 368 00:19:41,917 --> 00:19:44,041 and get a new one and start all over again. 369 00:19:44,125 --> 00:19:45,208 [Abramson] Now, by wipe out, 370 00:19:45,291 --> 00:19:47,083 he wasn't talking about killing them, was he? 371 00:19:47,166 --> 00:19:48,250 Or was he? 372 00:19:48,333 --> 00:19:50,417 Well, I don't think that, uh, that was ever made clear. 373 00:19:55,458 --> 00:19:59,166 Because the Menéndez trial has been available live on Court TV, 374 00:19:59,250 --> 00:20:01,291 millions of Americans have watched it, 375 00:20:01,375 --> 00:20:03,125 finding a live drama 376 00:20:03,208 --> 00:20:05,000 every bit as riveting as any soap opera. 377 00:20:05,083 --> 00:20:07,542 [reporter] Expert witness claims the brothers were 378 00:20:07,625 --> 00:20:10,834 so traumatized by years of alleged abuse, 379 00:20:10,917 --> 00:20:15,250 it actually changed the gray matter inside their head. 380 00:20:15,333 --> 00:20:18,417 That's not my favorite thing to do, is to go into court, 381 00:20:18,500 --> 00:20:21,917 because all they wanna do is discredit you. 382 00:20:23,667 --> 00:20:26,500 The cross-exam can really be vicious. 383 00:20:27,041 --> 00:20:29,750 [reporter] Prosecutor Pam Bozanich implied 384 00:20:29,834 --> 00:20:32,500 the brain change theory was about as credible 385 00:20:32,583 --> 00:20:35,000 as the research of Dr. Frankenstein. 386 00:20:36,375 --> 00:20:38,083 [Pam Bozanich] Dr. Burgess, could you tell the jury 387 00:20:38,166 --> 00:20:39,375 what suggestibility is? 388 00:20:40,667 --> 00:20:42,667 Suggestibility is a concept 389 00:20:42,750 --> 00:20:44,667 that says very young children 390 00:20:44,750 --> 00:20:47,709 in the questioning by therapists 391 00:20:47,792 --> 00:20:50,291 in some way conduct their interview 392 00:20:50,375 --> 00:20:54,667 so as to suggest to the child, uh, a response. 393 00:20:56,458 --> 00:20:58,625 [Bozanich] Dr. Burgess, do you know what psychobabble is? 394 00:21:00,375 --> 00:21:04,291 Well, my reaction to that was, um, she doesn't get it. 395 00:21:05,166 --> 00:21:06,542 She's never gonna get it. 396 00:21:10,709 --> 00:21:12,750 And I really felt that there were bullets coming at me, 397 00:21:12,834 --> 00:21:14,208 not only from the prosecutor, 398 00:21:14,291 --> 00:21:16,583 but certainly in the public arena. 399 00:21:16,667 --> 00:21:17,917 That was hard. 400 00:21:18,000 --> 00:21:20,458 [♪ melancholic music playing] 401 00:21:20,542 --> 00:21:23,750 [Bozanich] There's no evidence that supports the abuse excuse. 402 00:21:23,834 --> 00:21:26,542 All they have are doctors who listen to their story 403 00:21:26,625 --> 00:21:28,166 and basically say, "We believe them." 404 00:21:29,500 --> 00:21:32,250 How was the jury manipulated in this case? 405 00:21:32,333 --> 00:21:34,041 It's vigilante defense. 406 00:21:34,417 --> 00:21:37,625 I'm sympathetic with the battered women's syndrome 407 00:21:37,709 --> 00:21:40,417 in the real cases where there's no option to leave, 408 00:21:40,500 --> 00:21:42,041 but when it's extended to apply 409 00:21:42,125 --> 00:21:45,583 to young, mobile, wealthy men like the Menéndez brothers, 410 00:21:45,875 --> 00:21:49,125 raises grave dangers to the liberty of all Americans. 411 00:21:49,208 --> 00:21:50,291 It'd break me. 412 00:21:51,291 --> 00:21:53,750 My dad had been molesting me. 413 00:21:53,834 --> 00:21:55,834 [mocking] "You see, my father raped me." 414 00:21:55,917 --> 00:21:58,041 I never believed any of the other tears. 415 00:21:58,125 --> 00:22:01,083 I think what you're seeing here is a, uh, couple of spoiled brats. 416 00:22:01,166 --> 00:22:04,041 {\an8}[mock prosecutor] Can you tell the court who did murder your parents? 417 00:22:04,792 --> 00:22:06,583 {\an8}Our other two brothers, 418 00:22:06,667 --> 00:22:09,959 {\an8}Danny Menéndez and Jose Menéndez Jr. 419 00:22:10,041 --> 00:22:12,000 {\an8}[TV audience laughing] 420 00:22:12,208 --> 00:22:13,458 [reporter] Lyle and Erik Menéndez 421 00:22:13,542 --> 00:22:16,375 have told horrific stories of parental abuse, 422 00:22:16,458 --> 00:22:19,625 which makes them either victims or calculating liars. 423 00:22:22,625 --> 00:22:24,875 [Constantine] The public had wanted to see the Menéndez brothers 424 00:22:24,959 --> 00:22:26,709 as cold-blooded killers, 425 00:22:26,792 --> 00:22:28,709 but in spite of the media pushback, 426 00:22:30,000 --> 00:22:31,875 Dr. Burgess coming into the courtroom 427 00:22:31,959 --> 00:22:34,667 and talking about abuse had cracked something open. 428 00:22:36,166 --> 00:22:38,709 And just as she's done throughout her entire career, 429 00:22:39,333 --> 00:22:42,083 the narrative around trauma started to shift. 430 00:22:43,208 --> 00:22:44,583 It's a real interesting trial, 431 00:22:44,667 --> 00:22:47,542 and I, I want them to be acquitted. 432 00:22:47,625 --> 00:22:51,458 If they were convicted, I'd like to see what, what their side of the story is. 433 00:22:53,375 --> 00:22:55,709 [Dr. Burgess] I got a lot of support from other victims, 434 00:22:57,458 --> 00:23:01,667 people who never had talked about anything before. 435 00:23:01,750 --> 00:23:04,291 And so, it certainly gave this segment 436 00:23:04,375 --> 00:23:08,959 of our population a voice that I-I felt good about. 437 00:23:09,041 --> 00:23:13,041 You may find Erik and Lyle Menéndez to be manipulative. 438 00:23:13,125 --> 00:23:15,375 You may decide that they are credible 439 00:23:15,458 --> 00:23:17,875 and that their story strikes a sympathetic chord. 440 00:23:17,959 --> 00:23:20,208 You can reach your own verdict about them. 441 00:23:25,875 --> 00:23:28,542 The court did receive a note this morning 442 00:23:28,625 --> 00:23:32,667 from the... jury. 443 00:23:34,458 --> 00:23:38,667 It states, uh, "We regret to inform the court 444 00:23:38,750 --> 00:23:41,792 "that we are unable to come to a unanimous decision 445 00:23:42,458 --> 00:23:44,333 on any of the three counts." 446 00:23:45,709 --> 00:23:47,625 [people murmuring] 447 00:23:51,667 --> 00:23:55,208 [♪ melancholic music playing] 448 00:23:57,959 --> 00:23:58,959 [sighs] 449 00:24:00,208 --> 00:24:03,125 We got a hung jury, which I was pleased with. 450 00:24:03,959 --> 00:24:08,458 We had at least put enough doubt into the jury. 451 00:24:09,250 --> 00:24:12,625 {\an8}I believe that they were raised in an abusive household. 452 00:24:13,125 --> 00:24:15,250 I don't believe Jose and Kitty 453 00:24:15,750 --> 00:24:17,917 were planning on killing them that night at all, 454 00:24:18,291 --> 00:24:21,458 but I do believe Lyle and Erik believed that. 455 00:24:21,542 --> 00:24:22,959 And that's the difference. 456 00:24:25,792 --> 00:24:28,875 [Constantine] Her testimony had a huge impact on the Menéndez case. 457 00:24:29,750 --> 00:24:33,625 Going into it, the media basically dismissed any chance 458 00:24:33,709 --> 00:24:36,166 that these brothers had of being acquitted. 459 00:24:39,375 --> 00:24:40,750 But the case wasn't over. 460 00:24:43,500 --> 00:24:46,291 The second trial, I didn't testify 461 00:24:47,000 --> 00:24:51,250 because the judge would not allow any experts on abuse. 462 00:24:52,750 --> 00:24:54,125 Well, I-I was shocked. 463 00:24:54,208 --> 00:24:55,875 [Abramson] It has been hell. 464 00:24:55,959 --> 00:24:57,125 {\an8}Our whole theory of the defense, 465 00:24:57,208 --> 00:25:00,542 {\an8}which was a theory of self-defense, imperfect self-defense, 466 00:25:00,625 --> 00:25:02,166 {\an8}he refused to instruct on it. 467 00:25:04,000 --> 00:25:07,208 [Constantine] The jury hadn't been allowed to hear the full truth of this story. 468 00:25:08,250 --> 00:25:09,667 The impact was huge. 469 00:25:10,208 --> 00:25:13,417 {\an8}Yesterday, a Los Angeles jury found the brothers guilty 470 00:25:13,500 --> 00:25:16,041 {\an8}of first-degree murder for killing their parents. 471 00:25:16,417 --> 00:25:17,750 Life without parole. 472 00:25:17,834 --> 00:25:21,542 {\an8}[♪ somber music playing] 473 00:25:25,792 --> 00:25:26,959 I felt sad for them. 474 00:25:27,417 --> 00:25:29,667 ♪♪ 475 00:25:29,750 --> 00:25:31,250 And I still feel that life 476 00:25:31,333 --> 00:25:34,417 without the opportunity for parole is wrong. 477 00:25:36,375 --> 00:25:38,208 This isn't something they were gonna do again. 478 00:25:38,291 --> 00:25:39,875 They're not serial killers. 479 00:25:40,250 --> 00:25:43,709 What we did... it was awful, 480 00:25:43,792 --> 00:25:45,750 um, and I wish I could go back. 481 00:25:46,333 --> 00:25:48,750 We will spend the rest of our life in prison, 482 00:25:49,333 --> 00:25:51,291 but if I'm not-- if I'm not-- 483 00:25:51,375 --> 00:25:53,667 if we're not put in the same prison, 484 00:25:54,333 --> 00:25:58,166 uh, there's a good probability I will never see him again. 485 00:25:59,250 --> 00:26:03,709 And... and that, uh... 486 00:26:05,458 --> 00:26:06,458 that I... 487 00:26:07,917 --> 00:26:09,250 Some things that you cannot take 488 00:26:09,333 --> 00:26:11,458 and there's some things that you can endure. 489 00:26:11,917 --> 00:26:12,917 Uh... 490 00:26:13,542 --> 00:26:16,375 with everything taken away, it would be the last, 491 00:26:16,458 --> 00:26:18,041 you know, it's the last thing you can take. 492 00:26:20,667 --> 00:26:24,417 I think that when you take away any type of hope from someone, 493 00:26:24,500 --> 00:26:25,542 I feel that's wrong. 494 00:26:25,625 --> 00:26:28,625 [♪ somber music playing] 495 00:26:39,250 --> 00:26:41,250 [Benton Burgess] We heard the word "Menéndez" more 496 00:26:41,333 --> 00:26:43,083 than we heard other cases. 497 00:26:44,625 --> 00:26:46,458 I found it interesting that my mom was working 498 00:26:46,542 --> 00:26:48,250 on such a public case. 499 00:26:49,625 --> 00:26:52,083 {\an8}There's always been a bit of her that does wanna stay private 500 00:26:52,166 --> 00:26:55,041 {\an8}and keep to her-- uh, keep to herself. 501 00:26:55,125 --> 00:26:57,458 [♪ gentle music playing] 502 00:26:57,542 --> 00:27:00,500 But this was a situation where she saw things 503 00:27:00,583 --> 00:27:02,500 in a different light than everybody else. 504 00:27:04,250 --> 00:27:05,834 [Constantine] Dr. Burgess wasn't interested 505 00:27:05,917 --> 00:27:09,166 in being this spokesperson for her work. 506 00:27:10,417 --> 00:27:12,250 Working trial cases changed that. 507 00:27:13,542 --> 00:27:17,375 Her big takeaway with the Menéndez case was that she could get people 508 00:27:17,458 --> 00:27:20,375 to think differently about sexual trauma, 509 00:27:20,458 --> 00:27:22,959 to change how people were thinking about victims. 510 00:27:23,500 --> 00:27:25,917 {\an8}[host] Ann Burgess is a professor of psychiatric nursing 511 00:27:26,000 --> 00:27:27,583 at the University of Pennsylvania. 512 00:27:27,667 --> 00:27:29,250 [Constantine] She realized if she really wanted 513 00:27:29,333 --> 00:27:31,375 to be an advocate for victims, 514 00:27:31,458 --> 00:27:33,417 she had to step out of the shadows. 515 00:27:33,500 --> 00:27:34,875 When we talk with battered women, 516 00:27:34,959 --> 00:27:36,792 one of the things that we notice is that it depends 517 00:27:36,875 --> 00:27:37,917 on the type of violence. 518 00:27:38,333 --> 00:27:40,375 {\an8}[Constantine] Become more of a public personality 519 00:27:40,458 --> 00:27:43,709 and use that as a platform to leverage her work, her voice, 520 00:27:43,792 --> 00:27:45,625 and to leverage victims' voices as well. 521 00:27:47,083 --> 00:27:51,500 I felt I had the opportunity to influence a system. 522 00:27:51,583 --> 00:27:54,250 I felt that that was so important, 523 00:27:54,333 --> 00:27:56,792 so no matter what I had to put up with, it was worth it. 524 00:27:59,125 --> 00:28:01,750 I decided I was going to accept cases 525 00:28:01,834 --> 00:28:03,667 where I felt that I can make a difference. 526 00:28:05,917 --> 00:28:07,542 [distant traffic noise] 527 00:28:13,208 --> 00:28:16,709 [Andrea Constand] I flew to Boston to meet with Dr. Burgess. 528 00:28:17,875 --> 00:28:20,834 I didn't know a whole lot about her... 529 00:28:22,750 --> 00:28:25,959 and at the time, no one was listening. 530 00:28:28,291 --> 00:28:32,417 {\an8}No one wanted to know about America's Dad. 531 00:28:32,959 --> 00:28:35,333 {\an8}There was no bringing down Bill Cosby. 532 00:28:35,417 --> 00:28:37,125 Ladies and gentlemen, Bill Cosby. 533 00:28:37,208 --> 00:28:38,667 [crowd cheering] 534 00:28:39,208 --> 00:28:42,750 Dentists tell you not to pick your teeth, 535 00:28:42,834 --> 00:28:44,375 then you sit in their chair. 536 00:28:44,458 --> 00:28:45,583 [laughter] 537 00:28:45,667 --> 00:28:47,458 You know, Jell-O Pudding Pops is a winner 538 00:28:47,542 --> 00:28:49,667 - with all the soapbox racers I know. - It is? 539 00:28:49,750 --> 00:28:52,417 - Yeah, sure. [laughs] - Few minor adjustments. 540 00:28:52,500 --> 00:28:54,458 {\an8}[reporter] Bill Cosby has entertained millions 541 00:28:54,542 --> 00:28:56,959 {\an8}around the world while serving as an inspiration to all. 542 00:28:58,625 --> 00:29:00,792 I had seen his TV shows. 543 00:29:00,875 --> 00:29:03,542 I mean, everybody knew Bill Cosby. 544 00:29:03,625 --> 00:29:07,125 I was a nobody, and he was a somebody. 545 00:29:07,208 --> 00:29:08,875 People are gonna believe him. 546 00:29:08,959 --> 00:29:12,250 They're not going to believe the sexual assault victim. 547 00:29:12,333 --> 00:29:14,750 [♪ somber music playing] 548 00:29:14,834 --> 00:29:17,458 Being believed really will determine 549 00:29:17,542 --> 00:29:22,750 how the survivor will ultimately heal. 550 00:29:22,834 --> 00:29:25,166 I don't know whether this is true. You don't know whether this is true. 551 00:29:25,250 --> 00:29:26,542 [reporter 1] It's difficult to decide. 552 00:29:26,625 --> 00:29:29,000 Do we even give a voice to allegations like this? 553 00:29:29,083 --> 00:29:31,583 {\an8}[reporter 2] Cosby's attorney called the case "nonsense" 554 00:29:31,667 --> 00:29:34,542 {\an8}and labeled his accuser, Andrea Constand, a con artist. 555 00:29:34,625 --> 00:29:37,458 [reporter 3] District attorney has decided not to charge Mr. Cosby 556 00:29:37,542 --> 00:29:39,917 and says he finds insufficient credible evidence. 557 00:29:40,000 --> 00:29:42,417 Mr. Cosby looks forward to moving on with his life. 558 00:29:42,875 --> 00:29:45,458 A victim that comes forward to report, 559 00:29:45,542 --> 00:29:48,250 only 1% to 2% are gonna see justice. 560 00:29:49,125 --> 00:29:50,917 The criminal case was denied, 561 00:29:51,417 --> 00:29:55,208 so a civil case was the only shot at justice that I had. 562 00:29:56,875 --> 00:29:58,917 All the odds were stacked up against me, 563 00:30:00,083 --> 00:30:03,417 and that's ultimately how I came to meet Dr. Burgess. 564 00:30:03,500 --> 00:30:06,625 [♪ somber music playing] 565 00:30:08,291 --> 00:30:11,208 [Dr. Burgess] "He said she said" are very difficult cases. 566 00:30:12,333 --> 00:30:14,542 I was glad I-I was called on it. 567 00:30:16,417 --> 00:30:20,667 We didn't have any rape kit or forensic evidence, 568 00:30:21,375 --> 00:30:23,875 so in that respect, it just was her word. 569 00:30:27,000 --> 00:30:30,041 We were up against a lot of skepticism. 570 00:30:34,583 --> 00:30:37,875 It was very important to get the details. 571 00:30:39,250 --> 00:30:40,834 [Constand] She had a job to do. 572 00:30:40,917 --> 00:30:45,041 It was to try to pull things from my memory. 573 00:30:45,583 --> 00:30:47,667 [tape whirring] 574 00:30:47,750 --> 00:30:50,500 [Dr. Burgess] [on recording] Explain in your own words what happened. 575 00:30:52,875 --> 00:30:55,375 [Constand] [on recording] I was the director of basketball operations 576 00:30:55,458 --> 00:30:57,125 at Temple University. 577 00:30:57,792 --> 00:30:59,792 I knew who Bill Cosby was. 578 00:30:59,875 --> 00:31:03,375 I knew he was a pretty important man on campus. 579 00:31:04,208 --> 00:31:06,792 I didn't have a reason to be scared of Bill Cosby. 580 00:31:08,417 --> 00:31:11,959 After having a friendship with him for almost 18 months, 581 00:31:13,000 --> 00:31:15,166 he invited me over to his home 582 00:31:15,250 --> 00:31:17,959 to talk about making a career change. 583 00:31:19,542 --> 00:31:21,542 He was like, "You seem really stressed about that." 584 00:31:21,625 --> 00:31:24,667 And I said, "Yeah, you know, I probably haven't slept a whole lot." 585 00:31:26,333 --> 00:31:30,083 He just randomly got up, excused himself from the table... 586 00:31:31,417 --> 00:31:33,583 and he came down the stairs, 587 00:31:34,208 --> 00:31:36,834 and he had three small blue pills in his hand. 588 00:31:37,458 --> 00:31:39,417 And he said, "Take these. 589 00:31:39,500 --> 00:31:41,291 They'll help take the edge off." 590 00:31:43,959 --> 00:31:45,500 After about a half an hour, 591 00:31:45,583 --> 00:31:49,125 I started to see two Bill Cosbys across the table from me. 592 00:31:49,667 --> 00:31:52,291 And he said, "Well, you probably just need to lay down. 593 00:31:52,375 --> 00:31:54,417 You just need to have a sleep." 594 00:31:56,291 --> 00:31:58,750 Those were the last words that I remember. 595 00:32:01,667 --> 00:32:03,500 [Dr. Burgess] She couldn't remember anything more. 596 00:32:04,625 --> 00:32:06,500 This was not gonna be easy. 597 00:32:06,583 --> 00:32:10,709 We have a lot of missing pieces, so I have to think, 598 00:32:10,792 --> 00:32:12,917 "Is that anything that we can recover?" 599 00:32:16,041 --> 00:32:18,542 Those are the kinds of questions that you try to get into 600 00:32:18,625 --> 00:32:20,875 and have her remember as much as she could. 601 00:32:20,959 --> 00:32:24,166 [♪ tense music playing] 602 00:32:24,250 --> 00:32:26,458 Even though you can't remember, 603 00:32:26,542 --> 00:32:28,834 doesn't mean that it doesn't register. 604 00:32:30,166 --> 00:32:33,709 You have to move to a different part of understanding memory 605 00:32:33,792 --> 00:32:35,750 because it does register, you know? 606 00:32:35,834 --> 00:32:38,333 It does register, even if you're unconscious. 607 00:32:38,875 --> 00:32:40,458 The body keeps score. 608 00:32:43,750 --> 00:32:48,250 [Constand] I remember passing out, waking up. 609 00:32:49,166 --> 00:32:53,875 I could feel that he had unzipped my pants. 610 00:32:55,542 --> 00:32:59,458 I was completely paralyzed and was not able to scream. 611 00:33:00,500 --> 00:33:03,000 It was the most horrifying thing in the world. 612 00:33:03,083 --> 00:33:06,083 [♪ tense music continues] 613 00:33:09,792 --> 00:33:13,208 I had seen this technique used before, especially with children. 614 00:33:13,291 --> 00:33:14,375 They would give them drugs 615 00:33:14,458 --> 00:33:16,834 'cause then they could always say, "Well, you-you dreamt it. 616 00:33:16,917 --> 00:33:18,125 This didn't really happen." 617 00:33:20,667 --> 00:33:24,625 I give tests to document the trauma that she had 618 00:33:25,250 --> 00:33:28,625 and back it up with some kind of scientific evidence. 619 00:33:30,542 --> 00:33:31,542 [clicks] 620 00:33:31,625 --> 00:33:33,500 [on recording] What were you like before this happened? 621 00:33:33,583 --> 00:33:35,250 How often does this come into your mind? 622 00:33:35,333 --> 00:33:36,417 Do you have any anxiety? 623 00:33:36,500 --> 00:33:38,709 Are you snappy? More irritated? 624 00:33:38,792 --> 00:33:39,917 How is your sleep? 625 00:33:40,709 --> 00:33:44,083 She thought, "Well, I'll get over this," but then it got worse and worse. 626 00:33:44,166 --> 00:33:46,041 Couldn't stay at the job. 627 00:33:46,125 --> 00:33:47,875 She had to go back and live with her parents. 628 00:33:47,959 --> 00:33:49,917 She broke up with her partner. 629 00:33:51,291 --> 00:33:54,500 I felt that she had, by this time, chronic PTSD. 630 00:33:58,208 --> 00:34:00,208 [Constand] Getting asked 300 questions 631 00:34:00,291 --> 00:34:03,917 about the way you're sleeping, eating, living, loving, 632 00:34:04,041 --> 00:34:05,667 I was able to understand 633 00:34:06,083 --> 00:34:09,375 what that one night had done to me. 634 00:34:09,458 --> 00:34:13,166 ♪♪ 635 00:34:13,250 --> 00:34:17,375 The fact that I was hearing myself actually say 636 00:34:17,458 --> 00:34:18,750 what happened to me 637 00:34:18,834 --> 00:34:21,750 and acknowledge that I survived a trauma, 638 00:34:21,834 --> 00:34:23,291 that was really critical. 639 00:34:25,458 --> 00:34:26,500 She believed me. 640 00:34:28,250 --> 00:34:31,250 [♪ somber music playing] 641 00:34:40,792 --> 00:34:43,000 I don't think there's any financial amount 642 00:34:43,083 --> 00:34:46,375 that a person can walk away from 643 00:34:46,458 --> 00:34:48,917 to just automatically make everything better. 644 00:34:50,125 --> 00:34:51,917 I was just happy that I could move on 645 00:34:52,000 --> 00:34:53,834 because I really did wanna move on. 646 00:34:53,917 --> 00:34:56,083 I really did wanna put it behind me. 647 00:34:56,166 --> 00:34:59,166 [♪ gentle music playing] 648 00:34:59,750 --> 00:35:03,083 This case, certainly for me, 649 00:35:03,166 --> 00:35:07,166 was one way to kind of go back to where we had started. 650 00:35:08,583 --> 00:35:12,083 We're now talking almost 30 years from when Lynda Holmstrom 651 00:35:12,166 --> 00:35:14,166 and I started our rape study. 652 00:35:14,250 --> 00:35:16,500 ♪♪ 653 00:35:16,583 --> 00:35:18,709 [Constand] When she started doing her work, 654 00:35:18,792 --> 00:35:23,000 there wasn't a culture of wanting to hold men accountable 655 00:35:23,083 --> 00:35:25,875 for their wrongdoings against women. 656 00:35:26,208 --> 00:35:27,834 [reporter] This girl is not the rape victim, 657 00:35:27,917 --> 00:35:30,458 but according to the judge, the way she's dressed illustrates 658 00:35:30,542 --> 00:35:33,125 another reason that boys rape girls. 659 00:35:33,792 --> 00:35:36,166 [Dr. Burgess] There had been a lot of changes for women. 660 00:35:36,709 --> 00:35:39,959 Rape crisis center, women in the workplace. 661 00:35:40,667 --> 00:35:42,125 [protestors shouting] 662 00:35:42,208 --> 00:35:43,917 [Dr. Burgess] There was a cultural shift. 663 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:46,250 [protestors shouting] 664 00:35:46,333 --> 00:35:48,333 [Dr. Burgess] But we knew it wasn't enough. 665 00:35:50,583 --> 00:35:53,458 Sometimes you think you haven't made any progress, 666 00:35:54,375 --> 00:35:57,208 but that's why it's important to keep fighting. 667 00:36:00,959 --> 00:36:04,583 {\an8}[protestors] [chanting] Time's up! Time's up! Time's up! Time's up! 668 00:36:04,667 --> 00:36:07,125 {\an8}Time's up! Time's up! Time's up! 669 00:36:07,208 --> 00:36:10,375 [protestors shouting] 670 00:36:11,125 --> 00:36:14,375 Dr. Burgess' work are those early ripples 671 00:36:14,458 --> 00:36:16,834 that led to the Me Too Movement. 672 00:36:18,333 --> 00:36:20,583 {\an8}The story doesn't center around Dr. Burgess, 673 00:36:20,667 --> 00:36:22,625 but she's a huge part of that story. 674 00:36:22,709 --> 00:36:24,709 [protestors] Hey hey, ho ho... 675 00:36:25,208 --> 00:36:28,417 I'm just glad that she's been able to see 676 00:36:28,500 --> 00:36:30,166 some of the fruits of her labor. 677 00:36:32,291 --> 00:36:33,792 [Courtney Hoblock] This is what Dr. Burgess 678 00:36:33,875 --> 00:36:35,542 had been fighting for all along. 679 00:36:36,375 --> 00:36:38,750 Finally, the culture was ready to believe victims. 680 00:36:38,834 --> 00:36:40,000 [protestors] Me too. 681 00:36:40,083 --> 00:36:42,250 - Me too! - [protestors] Me too! 682 00:36:42,333 --> 00:36:45,375 Women who had been traumatized 683 00:36:45,458 --> 00:36:48,792 and victimized years before were starting to come forward. 684 00:36:48,875 --> 00:36:51,166 {\an8}- It happened to me too. - Me too. 685 00:36:51,250 --> 00:36:52,458 {\an8}It happened to me too. 686 00:36:52,542 --> 00:36:54,500 {\an8}[reporter] Their stories flooded social media 687 00:36:54,583 --> 00:36:56,709 {\an8}and painted a picture of just how many people 688 00:36:56,792 --> 00:36:59,875 {\an8}endure sexual abuse and harassment every day. 689 00:36:59,959 --> 00:37:01,917 [chanting in sing-song] ♪ No, no, no ♪ 690 00:37:02,000 --> 00:37:05,959 The Me Too Movement gave women an opportunity 691 00:37:06,041 --> 00:37:09,125 to be in control, to be able to say, "This-- 692 00:37:09,208 --> 00:37:10,750 We-We aren't gonna put up with this." 693 00:37:10,834 --> 00:37:14,000 [people cheering] 694 00:37:16,000 --> 00:37:18,000 I was really so proud of the women 695 00:37:18,083 --> 00:37:21,333 for coming forward and demanding justice. 696 00:37:22,750 --> 00:37:23,834 It was amazing. 697 00:37:25,083 --> 00:37:26,417 [chuckles] 698 00:37:28,792 --> 00:37:31,083 {\an8}And then, because of the Me Too Movement, 699 00:37:31,583 --> 00:37:34,875 there's one more part to the Cosby case. 700 00:37:34,959 --> 00:37:36,750 [♪ tense music playing] 701 00:37:36,834 --> 00:37:38,583 [reporter] A flood of allegations from women 702 00:37:38,667 --> 00:37:41,583 who say they were sexually assaulted by Cosby. 703 00:37:41,667 --> 00:37:44,125 {\an8}I couldn't believe it. He had drugged me. 704 00:37:44,208 --> 00:37:48,250 {\an8}Waking up in a bed with Mr. Cosby, naked. 705 00:37:48,625 --> 00:37:52,333 {\an8}Mr. Cosby is charged with aggravated indecent assault. 706 00:37:52,417 --> 00:37:56,166 When Me Too happened, that's what it took. 707 00:37:56,542 --> 00:37:58,625 [reporter] Mr. Cosby, did you drug that woman? 708 00:37:59,208 --> 00:38:03,792 I never expected that I would get an opportunity 709 00:38:03,875 --> 00:38:06,291 to face my abuser in court. 710 00:38:06,375 --> 00:38:09,375 {\an8}[reporter] Thirteen years after an alleged sexual assault, 711 00:38:09,458 --> 00:38:12,250 {\an8}Andrea Constand walked into a packed courtroom 712 00:38:12,333 --> 00:38:14,000 {\an8}to publicly tell her story. 713 00:38:14,333 --> 00:38:16,709 {\an8}She went in there and did a beautiful job testifying. 714 00:38:17,667 --> 00:38:18,667 {\an8}There has been a verdict. 715 00:38:18,750 --> 00:38:22,166 {\an8}The comedian, now 80, has been found guilty on all counts. 716 00:38:24,250 --> 00:38:25,583 [Constand] It was a miracle 717 00:38:26,000 --> 00:38:29,417 to see the justice system working for survivors. 718 00:38:31,000 --> 00:38:32,959 [Dr. Burgess] The culture had really changed. 719 00:38:33,041 --> 00:38:36,000 In, um, 1970, I don't think you'd get a conviction 720 00:38:36,083 --> 00:38:37,166 against Bill Cosby. 721 00:38:40,166 --> 00:38:43,291 Andrea's case was very important in being able 722 00:38:43,375 --> 00:38:47,166 to identify a high-profile person and get justice. 723 00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:49,750 There's a handful of people 724 00:38:51,083 --> 00:38:55,208 who played a big part in my "surviving"... 725 00:38:56,417 --> 00:38:58,917 and Dr. Burgess is one of those people. 726 00:39:03,917 --> 00:39:06,000 [car engine rumbling] 727 00:39:07,709 --> 00:39:09,709 [birds chirping] 728 00:39:12,667 --> 00:39:14,500 [Dr. Burgess] I'm trying to think of how it all started. 729 00:39:14,917 --> 00:39:18,834 I can remember vividly in, uh... on the serial killer study, 730 00:39:18,917 --> 00:39:20,000 which was generally... 731 00:39:20,083 --> 00:39:23,166 [Benton] The stuff that my mom's done is so helpful 732 00:39:23,250 --> 00:39:25,375 that we'd love to see the work continue. 733 00:39:25,458 --> 00:39:27,417 I think she'd be more than happy 734 00:39:27,709 --> 00:39:30,041 if someone would pick up the torch. 735 00:39:30,125 --> 00:39:33,166 First couple topics are ones that are most prominent 736 00:39:33,250 --> 00:39:34,583 in their manifestos. 737 00:39:35,375 --> 00:39:37,500 [Dr. Burgess] I'm working with my granddaughter 738 00:39:37,583 --> 00:39:40,959 to study the manifestos of mass shooters. 739 00:39:41,041 --> 00:39:45,667 {\an8}Machine learning can find associations between words 740 00:39:45,750 --> 00:39:47,667 {\an8}and patterns and phrases. 741 00:39:47,750 --> 00:39:49,917 [Dr. Burgess] We can't get her enough data. [laughs] 742 00:39:50,000 --> 00:39:52,250 She says, "Send me data." She loves that. 743 00:39:52,333 --> 00:39:55,875 That might be something that, that would be of interest. 744 00:39:56,417 --> 00:39:58,625 [♪ gentle music playing] 745 00:40:00,917 --> 00:40:03,625 I believe that there is 746 00:40:03,709 --> 00:40:05,875 a parallel universe somewhere 747 00:40:06,333 --> 00:40:09,750 where Dr. Burgess was never invited to speak at the FBI, 748 00:40:10,208 --> 00:40:12,250 and it is a scary world. 749 00:40:13,417 --> 00:40:17,917 [Constantine] Profiling, victimology, behavioral psychology, 750 00:40:18,166 --> 00:40:19,917 she had this really formative role 751 00:40:20,041 --> 00:40:21,667 in all these different realms, 752 00:40:22,542 --> 00:40:24,500 and it really shifted how the FBI functioned 753 00:40:24,583 --> 00:40:25,750 as an organization. 754 00:40:26,917 --> 00:40:29,333 Where other people just saw craziness, 755 00:40:29,417 --> 00:40:31,917 she saw early on that there were patterns. 756 00:40:32,000 --> 00:40:34,041 [Montie Rissell speaking] Once you kill another human being, 757 00:40:34,125 --> 00:40:35,542 you'll never be the same person again. 758 00:40:35,625 --> 00:40:36,834 [Ted Bundy speaking] I would feed off of this fear, 759 00:40:36,917 --> 00:40:38,375 it was like a source of fuel for me. 760 00:40:38,458 --> 00:40:40,250 {\an8}[Ed Kemper speaking] I've been an ordinary person most of my life. 761 00:40:40,333 --> 00:40:42,750 {\an8}And she said, "We've got significant data." 762 00:40:44,291 --> 00:40:47,417 All of a sudden, that turns into something 763 00:40:47,500 --> 00:40:48,750 that we can make sense of it. 764 00:40:49,959 --> 00:40:52,500 There was no blueprint, and she created the blueprint. 765 00:40:52,583 --> 00:40:55,917 We would like to look at the cases that have been profiled 766 00:40:56,000 --> 00:40:57,125 to see whether, you know... 767 00:40:57,208 --> 00:41:00,208 [Candice DeLong] She's had to overcome the prejudice 768 00:41:00,291 --> 00:41:02,458 that male agents had, 769 00:41:03,417 --> 00:41:05,333 but she was always gonna have the last word 770 00:41:05,417 --> 00:41:06,709 on criminal behavior 771 00:41:07,208 --> 00:41:09,291 because she knew more than anybody in the room. 772 00:41:09,375 --> 00:41:12,500 The impact of victimization on the family 773 00:41:12,583 --> 00:41:14,041 and the community so that... 774 00:41:14,125 --> 00:41:17,834 [Constand] Making things better for victims, 775 00:41:18,625 --> 00:41:21,291 for survivors going through the legal system. 776 00:41:22,083 --> 00:41:26,083 And she's spent her whole career breaking the barriers down. 777 00:41:27,875 --> 00:41:30,208 [reporter] Simonis, without hesitation, pleaded guilty 778 00:41:30,291 --> 00:41:31,875 to all charges against him. 779 00:41:32,875 --> 00:41:35,166 [officer] John Joubert was arrested tonight 780 00:41:35,250 --> 00:41:36,333 by the task force. 781 00:41:37,709 --> 00:41:40,417 [reporter] The FBI is charging 28-year-old Brian Dugan 782 00:41:40,500 --> 00:41:43,625 with the kidnap and murder of Melissa Ackerman. 783 00:41:45,125 --> 00:41:48,542 [Cailean] It is time for people to recognize 784 00:41:48,625 --> 00:41:53,000 there is not an aspect of modern criminal psychology 785 00:41:53,333 --> 00:41:56,583 that has not been significantly impacted 786 00:41:56,667 --> 00:41:58,166 by Dr. Burgess' work 787 00:41:59,125 --> 00:42:03,000 and it does matter that people know that. 788 00:42:03,083 --> 00:42:05,291 ♪♪ 789 00:42:05,375 --> 00:42:07,083 [♪ music fades] 790 00:42:10,041 --> 00:42:11,709 How many cases are you working on? 791 00:42:12,291 --> 00:42:14,709 [laughing] A lot. I don't know. 792 00:42:14,959 --> 00:42:16,375 Five? Ten? 793 00:42:16,500 --> 00:42:18,291 Oh, over a dozen. Yeah. 794 00:42:22,291 --> 00:42:24,583 To give you an idea of what we're trying 795 00:42:24,667 --> 00:42:27,166 to do on campus from academic nursing. 796 00:42:32,375 --> 00:42:34,208 There were a lot of native women 797 00:42:34,291 --> 00:42:36,041 that were, um, murdered in-- 798 00:42:36,125 --> 00:42:37,458 - [Dr. Burgess] A lot. Oh, yes. - Yeah. 799 00:42:37,542 --> 00:42:40,166 We-We have a database now of over 3,000 people. 800 00:42:44,542 --> 00:42:46,333 It's a little bit different because we are hearing 801 00:42:46,417 --> 00:42:48,834 from an actual person who has lost someone 802 00:42:48,917 --> 00:42:51,458 and who it is an unsolved case. 803 00:42:55,959 --> 00:42:57,166 Where are we at with our data? 804 00:42:57,250 --> 00:42:59,375 'Cause we do need to talk about drafting 805 00:42:59,458 --> 00:43:01,417 or at least getting the outline for a paper. 806 00:43:03,291 --> 00:43:05,000 There's always some more work to do. 807 00:43:05,083 --> 00:43:07,959 No time to celebrate. No. Keep going. 808 00:43:08,041 --> 00:43:10,834 [♪ uplifting music playing] 809 00:43:16,125 --> 00:43:19,125 [♪ gentle music playing] 810 00:43:36,709 --> 00:43:39,709 ♪♪ 811 00:43:55,667 --> 00:43:57,667 [♪ music fades out] 812 00:43:58,667 --> 00:44:00,667 [flames sizzling] 68947

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