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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:04,162 WWW.MY-SUBS.CO 1 00:00:01,000 --> 00:00:03,580 In the jungles of Central America, 2 00:00:03,583 --> 00:00:07,292 the Maya people thrived for more than 2,000 years. 3 00:00:07,458 --> 00:00:11,583 The Mayans were very, very sophisticated. 4 00:00:11,792 --> 00:00:14,792 They built huge pyramid cities. 5 00:00:15,875 --> 00:00:20,167 They created the only writing system in all of the Americas. 6 00:00:20,333 --> 00:00:25,125 The Maya possessed knowledge that defies explanation. 7 00:00:25,250 --> 00:00:29,042 How did they understand the long, vast orbits 8 00:00:29,208 --> 00:00:33,875 of the Earth through the Milky Way galaxy? 9 00:00:34,042 --> 00:00:35,292 And new evidence has revealed 10 00:00:35,458 --> 00:00:38,167 a civilization more extraordinary 11 00:00:38,375 --> 00:00:41,250 and more ancient than we ever imagined. 12 00:00:41,417 --> 00:00:46,500 We have discovered a lost chapter of human history. 13 00:00:46,667 --> 00:00:49,667 But could the Maya's greatest secret 14 00:00:49,833 --> 00:00:54,333 involve contact with visitors from beyond Earth? 15 00:00:54,500 --> 00:00:58,000 The early Maya themselves said we were taught by 16 00:00:58,208 --> 00:01:00,167 extraterrestrial beings. 17 00:01:02,333 --> 00:01:04,542 There is a doorway 18 00:01:04,708 --> 00:01:07,292 in the universe. 19 00:01:07,458 --> 00:01:10,500 Beyond it is the promise of truth. 20 00:01:12,042 --> 00:01:14,000 It demands we question everything 21 00:01:14,208 --> 00:01:16,292 we have ever been taught. 22 00:01:16,458 --> 00:01:20,500 The evidence is all around us. 23 00:01:20,667 --> 00:01:24,083 The future is right before our eyes. 24 00:01:24,208 --> 00:01:26,708 We are not alone. 25 00:01:26,917 --> 00:01:30,375 We have never been alone. 26 00:01:50,417 --> 00:01:54,250 Throughout Central America stand the ruins of the Maya, 27 00:01:54,375 --> 00:01:57,833 considered by many to be the greatest civilization 28 00:01:58,000 --> 00:01:59,958 in the history of the Americas. 29 00:02:00,167 --> 00:02:03,833 While archaeologists and historians have been 30 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:07,375 studying this ancient culture for over four centuries, 31 00:02:07,542 --> 00:02:10,708 there are still many questions left to answer 32 00:02:10,875 --> 00:02:13,458 since much of the Maya's history is still hidden 33 00:02:13,625 --> 00:02:17,750 within the jungles of Mexico and Guatemala. 34 00:02:19,375 --> 00:02:22,000 The roots of the Maya are very obscure, 35 00:02:22,167 --> 00:02:24,542 but traditional Maya scholarship says 36 00:02:24,708 --> 00:02:26,833 that historically you have 37 00:02:27,000 --> 00:02:29,625 the more primitive pre-Classical Maya 38 00:02:29,708 --> 00:02:31,833 and then you've got the Classical Maya, 39 00:02:32,042 --> 00:02:33,500 who are more advanced. 40 00:02:33,708 --> 00:02:35,375 For centuries, 41 00:02:35,542 --> 00:02:38,708 scholars considered the height of the Maya civilization 42 00:02:38,833 --> 00:02:40,375 to be during the Classic era, 43 00:02:40,542 --> 00:02:44,833 between roughly 250 and 900 AD. 44 00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:47,667 Before this was the pre-Classic era, 45 00:02:47,875 --> 00:02:50,292 that began around 2000 BC 46 00:02:50,417 --> 00:02:54,167 and was believed to be made up of nomadic people 47 00:02:54,250 --> 00:02:56,417 who lived in simple dwellings. 48 00:02:56,583 --> 00:03:00,000 There was a thinking that the Classic period 49 00:03:00,167 --> 00:03:02,292 was really where they started building cities. 50 00:03:02,500 --> 00:03:05,667 But then in the '60s and '70s, 51 00:03:05,875 --> 00:03:07,917 as we got deeper into the jungle, 52 00:03:08,042 --> 00:03:10,208 we realized there were older cities 53 00:03:10,375 --> 00:03:12,625 that were as big, and in some cases, bigger 54 00:03:12,792 --> 00:03:14,667 than the Classic ones. 55 00:03:17,667 --> 00:03:20,333 Today, archaeologists believe 56 00:03:20,542 --> 00:03:23,583 that the Maya built cities throughout Central America 57 00:03:23,750 --> 00:03:28,667 and thrived as a civilization for more than 2,000 years. 58 00:03:29,708 --> 00:03:32,500 They were responsible for some of the most impressive 59 00:03:32,708 --> 00:03:35,917 architecture in the entire North American continent, 60 00:03:36,083 --> 00:03:39,833 and this is just one of their many accomplishments. 61 00:03:40,958 --> 00:03:45,167 The Maya really stand out among ancient civilizations 62 00:03:45,292 --> 00:03:48,167 in terms of their achievements. 63 00:03:48,375 --> 00:03:50,167 They created the only writing system 64 00:03:50,292 --> 00:03:51,792 we know in all of the Americas. 65 00:03:51,875 --> 00:03:55,917 And through that writing system, they were able to conduct 66 00:03:56,083 --> 00:03:59,417 very scientific investigations, 67 00:03:59,583 --> 00:04:03,792 and they became masters of mathematics and astronomy. 68 00:04:05,167 --> 00:04:09,125 The Maya were arguably the ancient world's 69 00:04:09,292 --> 00:04:12,792 best astronomers, even excelling the Greeks. 70 00:04:13,875 --> 00:04:15,042 Many of the Maya sites 71 00:04:15,208 --> 00:04:18,333 all through the Yucatán, Guatemala, Belize, 72 00:04:18,500 --> 00:04:22,333 and throughout Mexico are kind of astronomically aligned. 73 00:04:22,458 --> 00:04:24,000 Now, they even have observatories 74 00:04:24,208 --> 00:04:25,542 as parts of the site, 75 00:04:25,708 --> 00:04:28,458 the most famous being, really, at Palenque 76 00:04:28,583 --> 00:04:30,167 and at Chichén Itzá, for instance, 77 00:04:30,333 --> 00:04:31,875 where they have literally places 78 00:04:32,042 --> 00:04:34,333 where they would observe the stars. 79 00:04:34,458 --> 00:04:36,667 Why the Maya were so preoccupied 80 00:04:36,833 --> 00:04:39,667 with tracking the stars remains a mystery. 81 00:04:39,833 --> 00:04:42,833 But scholars agree that they possessed 82 00:04:43,042 --> 00:04:46,333 a remarkably advanced understanding of astronomy, 83 00:04:46,500 --> 00:04:48,292 which is perhaps most evident 84 00:04:48,417 --> 00:04:50,292 within their highly sophisticated 85 00:04:50,458 --> 00:04:53,250 and complex calendar system. 86 00:04:59,167 --> 00:05:02,833 Librarian Ernst Förstemann uses his extensive knowledge 87 00:05:02,958 --> 00:05:06,333 of mathematics to decipher the dots and symbols 88 00:05:06,542 --> 00:05:11,250 of a 12th-century Maya text known as the Dresden Codex. 89 00:05:12,167 --> 00:05:13,625 In doing so, 90 00:05:13,792 --> 00:05:16,917 he unlocks the secrets of the Maya calendar. 91 00:05:18,083 --> 00:05:20,917 The Maya have what's widely understood 92 00:05:21,083 --> 00:05:24,583 as the most sophisticated ancient calendar ever made. 93 00:05:24,708 --> 00:05:27,000 It involves so many different cycles. 94 00:05:27,208 --> 00:05:29,792 It's so sophisticated, in fact, 95 00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:33,500 that early scholars thought that the Maya were, 96 00:05:33,708 --> 00:05:36,708 as they called, esoteric time worshipers. 97 00:05:36,917 --> 00:05:41,542 The Maya are very interested in the cycles of life. 98 00:05:41,750 --> 00:05:44,750 So a lot of their calendars were created 99 00:05:44,875 --> 00:05:49,792 to track those cycles and look for harmonies between cycles 100 00:05:49,958 --> 00:05:52,917 to better harmonize themselves with the natural world. 101 00:05:53,917 --> 00:05:56,375 The long count calendar of the Maya 102 00:05:56,542 --> 00:06:00,792 lasted for 5,125 years. 103 00:06:02,375 --> 00:06:07,750 It was backdated to have begun in 3114 BC, 104 00:06:07,917 --> 00:06:10,708 which meant that it actually ended 105 00:06:10,875 --> 00:06:14,208 on December 21, 2012. 106 00:06:14,375 --> 00:06:16,833 And many of us will remember how it was believed 107 00:06:17,042 --> 00:06:20,333 that there was gonna be a time of great transformation, 108 00:06:20,500 --> 00:06:23,042 possibly the end of the world. 109 00:06:23,208 --> 00:06:25,333 In 2012, 110 00:06:25,542 --> 00:06:26,750 over a thousand years 111 00:06:26,917 --> 00:06:29,667 after the fall of the Maya civilization, 112 00:06:29,833 --> 00:06:33,583 their calendar became known to people all around the world. 113 00:06:34,917 --> 00:06:37,833 Many believed that the final date on the calendar 114 00:06:38,042 --> 00:06:41,833 was intended to mark an apocalyptic event. 115 00:06:41,958 --> 00:06:46,917 The idea that the Maya predicted the end of the world was really 116 00:06:47,083 --> 00:06:51,500 just a Western misunderstanding of how their calendar works 117 00:06:51,708 --> 00:06:54,375 and what they were using their calendar for. 118 00:06:54,500 --> 00:06:58,500 Westerners see time as a line, 119 00:06:58,667 --> 00:07:02,500 it goes back into the past and forward into the future, 120 00:07:02,667 --> 00:07:04,375 and we're the point in the middle. 121 00:07:05,458 --> 00:07:09,125 The Maya saw time as a cycle that kept going 122 00:07:09,292 --> 00:07:10,583 like the hands of a clock. 123 00:07:10,750 --> 00:07:12,917 When it hit 12, it didn't just explode, 124 00:07:13,042 --> 00:07:15,750 it just went back around for another loop. 125 00:07:15,875 --> 00:07:19,917 So Maya calendar systems were set up 126 00:07:20,042 --> 00:07:22,500 to be never-ending cycles. 127 00:07:24,083 --> 00:07:26,958 While the Maya were exceptional at tracking time 128 00:07:27,125 --> 00:07:28,165 and observing the heavens, 129 00:07:28,333 --> 00:07:30,833 archaeologists were astounded 130 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:33,125 when they discovered that this ancient culture 131 00:07:33,292 --> 00:07:37,750 was tracking what is known in astronomy as precession. 132 00:07:37,958 --> 00:07:41,167 Precession is the wobbling of the Earth on its axis 133 00:07:41,333 --> 00:07:45,458 which changes the location of constellations in the night sky. 134 00:07:45,625 --> 00:07:50,375 It's actually a huge cycle that lasts 26,000 years. 135 00:07:50,542 --> 00:07:53,667 And the Maya, without a shadow of a doubt, 136 00:07:53,833 --> 00:07:56,125 were calculating precession. 137 00:07:56,292 --> 00:07:58,208 They were able to say, 138 00:07:58,375 --> 00:07:59,958 back in the distant past, 139 00:08:00,125 --> 00:08:03,667 this planet would've been in that constellation. 140 00:08:06,000 --> 00:08:07,833 Scholars remain mystified 141 00:08:08,042 --> 00:08:11,583 as to how the Maya came to have such an advanced understanding 142 00:08:11,708 --> 00:08:15,875 of astronomy, mathematics and timekeeping, 143 00:08:16,083 --> 00:08:19,042 and answers have been difficult to come by, 144 00:08:19,208 --> 00:08:22,667 since a large portion of the Maya's writing and artifacts 145 00:08:22,792 --> 00:08:26,375 have been lost or destroyed over the centuries. 146 00:08:27,375 --> 00:08:31,708 There was a big cultural shift between about 900 and 1200 AD, 147 00:08:31,875 --> 00:08:33,958 and one of the prevailing theories 148 00:08:34,083 --> 00:08:37,417 about the end of Maya civilization was that 149 00:08:37,625 --> 00:08:38,893 basically they taxed their resources, 150 00:08:38,917 --> 00:08:42,292 that they created an unstable landscape 151 00:08:42,458 --> 00:08:44,833 that then lent itself to landslides, to fires, 152 00:08:45,042 --> 00:08:46,667 to floods, 153 00:08:46,833 --> 00:08:51,708 and that can lead to societal collapse. 154 00:08:55,875 --> 00:08:59,833 In the 16 century, Spanish conquistadors arrived 155 00:09:00,042 --> 00:09:02,958 in the Maya cities of the Yucatán Peninsula. 156 00:09:04,000 --> 00:09:07,792 They found the sites sparsely populated or even abandoned, 157 00:09:07,958 --> 00:09:11,167 with many structures already in ruins. 158 00:09:12,208 --> 00:09:15,250 And while Spanish colonizers were the first Europeans 159 00:09:15,417 --> 00:09:18,500 to record their accounts of the Maya culture, 160 00:09:18,708 --> 00:09:21,125 they were also responsible for destroying 161 00:09:21,292 --> 00:09:23,542 much of the Maya's own history. 162 00:09:25,708 --> 00:09:27,333 When the Spanish showed up, 163 00:09:27,542 --> 00:09:30,042 they wanted to convert them to Christianity. 164 00:09:30,208 --> 00:09:32,750 Step one in that process 165 00:09:32,917 --> 00:09:37,458 is dividing them from their traditional wisdoms. 166 00:09:37,625 --> 00:09:39,708 And those were written in the books. 167 00:09:39,875 --> 00:09:43,667 So, the Spanish on purpose burned 168 00:09:43,833 --> 00:09:46,292 every document they could find. 169 00:09:46,417 --> 00:09:48,417 They destroyed as much as they could. 170 00:09:48,583 --> 00:09:52,083 Today we have four surviving books that 171 00:09:52,208 --> 00:09:55,375 at least scholarship has been able to study and know about. 172 00:09:55,542 --> 00:09:58,500 There are probably more, almost certainly, 173 00:09:58,708 --> 00:10:00,875 hiding in the mountains in Guatemala. 174 00:10:01,042 --> 00:10:04,083 And the Maya, for good reason, hide them. 175 00:10:05,917 --> 00:10:07,708 Have the secrets of the Maya 176 00:10:07,875 --> 00:10:10,708 and how they built such an advanced civilization 177 00:10:10,833 --> 00:10:14,708 more than a thousand years ago been lost forever? 178 00:10:15,792 --> 00:10:18,250 Ancient astronaut theorists suggest 179 00:10:18,375 --> 00:10:20,333 there are still answers to be found 180 00:10:20,542 --> 00:10:23,000 in the Maya texts that have survived, 181 00:10:23,208 --> 00:10:25,708 and their accounts of powerful beings 182 00:10:25,917 --> 00:10:28,583 who came down from the sky. 183 00:10:42,333 --> 00:10:45,000 The Getty Museum opens an exhibition 184 00:10:45,125 --> 00:10:48,708 displaying the oldest book ever discovered in the Americas, 185 00:10:48,875 --> 00:10:52,000 called the Maya Codex of Mexico. 186 00:10:52,917 --> 00:10:56,667 Like other Maya codices, the roughly 900-year-old text 187 00:10:56,792 --> 00:10:59,167 consists of illustrations and hieroglyphs 188 00:10:59,375 --> 00:11:01,000 written on tree bark pages 189 00:11:01,208 --> 00:11:03,542 that were bound together like a book. 190 00:11:03,667 --> 00:11:08,792 The Mayans had hundreds, thousands of codexes that were 191 00:11:09,000 --> 00:11:12,625 describing the Mayan history and the gods 192 00:11:12,792 --> 00:11:16,292 and everything that they wanted to write down. 193 00:11:16,375 --> 00:11:18,833 And four Mayan codices 194 00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:21,917 are known to exist and to have survived. 195 00:11:23,292 --> 00:11:25,208 In addition to these manuscripts, 196 00:11:25,375 --> 00:11:28,125 archaeologists have found Maya hieroglyphs 197 00:11:28,292 --> 00:11:31,125 carved on temples that date to as early as 198 00:11:31,292 --> 00:11:33,667 the third century BC. 199 00:11:34,708 --> 00:11:36,917 But since the great majority of the Maya codices 200 00:11:37,083 --> 00:11:39,042 have been lost or destroyed, 201 00:11:39,250 --> 00:11:42,500 scholars have only recently begun to decipher 202 00:11:42,667 --> 00:11:44,542 the ancient writing system. 203 00:11:44,708 --> 00:11:46,625 It's been a long process to 204 00:11:46,792 --> 00:11:48,292 translate Maya hieroglyphs, 205 00:11:48,458 --> 00:11:49,458 and we're not done. 206 00:11:49,542 --> 00:11:51,292 Experts estimate we've got 207 00:11:51,458 --> 00:11:54,000 maybe 80% of it translated, 208 00:11:54,208 --> 00:11:56,875 and there are still glyphs that elude us. 209 00:11:57,042 --> 00:12:00,083 About 70 years ago, Maya archaeologists 210 00:12:00,208 --> 00:12:05,250 started to unravel the Maya hieroglyphic world, 211 00:12:05,417 --> 00:12:06,917 and by the '70s, the '80s, 212 00:12:07,042 --> 00:12:09,917 more and more of the language 213 00:12:10,083 --> 00:12:11,417 was understood in terms of 214 00:12:11,625 --> 00:12:13,083 its interface with the glyphs. 215 00:12:14,208 --> 00:12:17,833 As scholars slowly learned how to read Maya hieroglyphs, 216 00:12:17,958 --> 00:12:20,000 they discovered the codices contain 217 00:12:20,167 --> 00:12:22,500 richly illustrated astronomical charts, 218 00:12:22,667 --> 00:12:24,250 divination tables 219 00:12:24,417 --> 00:12:27,708 and instructions for religious ceremonies. 220 00:12:27,875 --> 00:12:30,833 But the most important story found in the codices 221 00:12:31,042 --> 00:12:34,708 is a historical record known as the Popol Vuh. 222 00:12:35,708 --> 00:12:38,333 Their creation story is called Popol Vuh. 223 00:12:38,542 --> 00:12:42,667 And its opening chapters outlined that the gods, 224 00:12:42,875 --> 00:12:44,583 which they call the makers and modelers, 225 00:12:44,792 --> 00:12:46,750 set up the world. 226 00:12:46,917 --> 00:12:49,667 But the story really centers around 227 00:12:49,792 --> 00:12:52,083 two boys, a pair of twins 228 00:12:52,250 --> 00:12:55,167 they call the Hero Twins, Hunahpu and Xbalanque. 229 00:12:56,208 --> 00:12:58,833 And they battle with the lords of death, 230 00:12:58,958 --> 00:13:01,583 and they make the world safe 231 00:13:01,708 --> 00:13:03,875 for creation, us, to occur. 232 00:13:04,042 --> 00:13:07,500 According to the story, after the Hero Twins 233 00:13:07,667 --> 00:13:09,958 have prepared the Earth for humanity, 234 00:13:10,167 --> 00:13:13,500 they are followed by a larger pantheon of gods. 235 00:13:14,750 --> 00:13:18,333 Their beginning of creation, and they have a date for it, 236 00:13:18,500 --> 00:13:20,292 is the 11th of August, 237 00:13:20,375 --> 00:13:24,667 3114 BC. 238 00:13:24,875 --> 00:13:29,083 The Popol Vuh says that on that day, 239 00:13:29,250 --> 00:13:33,250 the road of the stars descended from the sky, 240 00:13:33,417 --> 00:13:36,000 and the gods, 13 of them, 241 00:13:36,167 --> 00:13:38,958 descended from the heavens down to Earth 242 00:13:39,125 --> 00:13:41,333 and imparted knowledge 243 00:13:41,542 --> 00:13:43,042 to the local population. 244 00:13:44,208 --> 00:13:46,458 While researchers have documented more than 245 00:13:46,583 --> 00:13:48,500 250 Maya gods, 246 00:13:48,667 --> 00:13:51,667 this original pantheon of 13 beings 247 00:13:51,875 --> 00:13:55,375 taught the ancient Maya agriculture, mathematics 248 00:13:55,542 --> 00:13:57,708 and astronomy. 249 00:13:57,875 --> 00:14:00,458 The most prominent of all the Maya gods 250 00:14:00,583 --> 00:14:02,458 described in the Popol Vuh 251 00:14:02,625 --> 00:14:05,333 is the flying serpent Kukulkan. 252 00:14:05,500 --> 00:14:07,958 Lofty thinking and knowledge 253 00:14:08,125 --> 00:14:10,667 was a gift from Kukulkan, 254 00:14:10,875 --> 00:14:13,167 who gave them sophistication, 255 00:14:13,333 --> 00:14:16,917 the art of speech, also mathematics. 256 00:14:17,083 --> 00:14:19,542 Kukulkan was the second deity 257 00:14:19,708 --> 00:14:22,875 in the Maya pantheon. 258 00:14:23,042 --> 00:14:27,708 And the name means both "wind" and "giver." 259 00:14:27,833 --> 00:14:29,667 You find Kukulkan connected with 260 00:14:29,792 --> 00:14:31,708 a lot of the happenings in the sky, 261 00:14:31,875 --> 00:14:33,625 whether it's, you know, thunder, lightning, 262 00:14:33,750 --> 00:14:35,625 storms, rain. 263 00:14:35,708 --> 00:14:39,042 And his appearance was as a serpent, 264 00:14:39,208 --> 00:14:41,667 which is a very common 265 00:14:41,833 --> 00:14:43,667 symbol for wisdom. 266 00:14:43,875 --> 00:14:48,167 What ancient astronaut theorists find particularly intriguing 267 00:14:48,333 --> 00:14:50,958 about Kukulkan is that this god 268 00:14:51,125 --> 00:14:53,917 is not always depicted as a flying serpent, 269 00:14:54,083 --> 00:14:57,250 but is sometimes shown as a humanoid face 270 00:14:57,458 --> 00:14:59,125 emerging from the serpent's mouth. 271 00:14:59,292 --> 00:15:01,625 In Mayan iconography, 272 00:15:01,792 --> 00:15:04,458 Kukulkan is shown as a serpentine being 273 00:15:04,625 --> 00:15:07,792 with a humanoid head that flies through the sky. 274 00:15:07,958 --> 00:15:10,583 And it makes you wonder what is going on here? 275 00:15:10,708 --> 00:15:12,083 It's very possible that 276 00:15:12,292 --> 00:15:14,917 it's some sort of a craft that is interpreted 277 00:15:15,125 --> 00:15:16,667 as a feathered serpent 278 00:15:16,792 --> 00:15:18,833 and a god being emerges from that craft 279 00:15:19,042 --> 00:15:21,375 and is a culture bearer. 280 00:15:21,500 --> 00:15:26,333 Kukulkan looks like a snake shooting across the sky. 281 00:15:26,500 --> 00:15:28,500 If you look at a modern-day plane, 282 00:15:28,667 --> 00:15:32,125 that looks like a flying snake if you don't have 283 00:15:32,292 --> 00:15:34,375 the vocabulary with which to describe 284 00:15:34,583 --> 00:15:36,833 the fuselage and the wings, for example. 285 00:15:37,042 --> 00:15:40,917 So, of course, we have stories of flying snakes 286 00:15:41,083 --> 00:15:43,375 because those were the best terms 287 00:15:43,542 --> 00:15:46,583 with which to describe what they witnessed. 288 00:15:47,833 --> 00:15:49,500 Is it possible that the gods 289 00:15:49,667 --> 00:15:52,833 described in the Maya writings were otherworldly visitors 290 00:15:53,000 --> 00:15:55,333 witnessed by their earliest ancestors, 291 00:15:55,542 --> 00:15:58,167 as ancient astronaut theorists suggest? 292 00:16:00,125 --> 00:16:01,917 The first known Maya codices 293 00:16:02,083 --> 00:16:03,167 containing the Popol Vuh 294 00:16:03,333 --> 00:16:06,833 date to the 16th century AD. 295 00:16:07,042 --> 00:16:09,792 But archaeologists have clearly identified figures 296 00:16:10,000 --> 00:16:12,833 from the Popol Vuh featured on Maya temples 297 00:16:13,042 --> 00:16:15,000 that are hundreds of years older, 298 00:16:15,208 --> 00:16:17,583 and ancient astronaut theorists suggest 299 00:16:17,750 --> 00:16:21,792 they provide further evidence of an extraterrestrial influence. 300 00:16:21,958 --> 00:16:24,333 Like the carvings found at 301 00:16:24,500 --> 00:16:27,250 the ruins of Quiriguá in Guatemala. 302 00:16:27,458 --> 00:16:29,708 What's interesting is that 303 00:16:29,875 --> 00:16:32,000 often repeated motif 304 00:16:32,167 --> 00:16:36,708 of what seems to be people in helmets. 305 00:16:36,875 --> 00:16:39,167 In Quiriguá, Guatemala, 306 00:16:39,333 --> 00:16:42,458 there is this helmeted person 307 00:16:42,625 --> 00:16:45,958 sitting in what seems very reminiscent of 308 00:16:46,083 --> 00:16:48,792 something technological in nature, 309 00:16:49,000 --> 00:16:52,708 what looks to be some type of a spacecraft. 310 00:16:52,875 --> 00:16:56,333 Perhaps the most extraordinary Maya depiction 311 00:16:56,542 --> 00:16:59,000 of a being that descended from the heavens 312 00:16:59,125 --> 00:17:01,125 can be found on a pyramid 313 00:17:01,250 --> 00:17:03,500 in the ancient city of Chichén Itzá. 314 00:17:04,583 --> 00:17:08,417 The Maya said the guardians of the sky descended. 315 00:17:08,583 --> 00:17:10,333 And they showed it in their temples. 316 00:17:10,500 --> 00:17:12,667 For example, the temple of Chichén Itzá, 317 00:17:12,792 --> 00:17:15,333 every year on March 21st, 318 00:17:15,542 --> 00:17:18,333 you can see the descending of god Kukulkan, 319 00:17:18,500 --> 00:17:20,375 the feathered serpent coming down. 320 00:17:20,542 --> 00:17:21,917 The sun goes up, 321 00:17:22,042 --> 00:17:23,833 and because of the astronomical orientation, 322 00:17:24,042 --> 00:17:25,333 because of the steps, 323 00:17:25,458 --> 00:17:28,625 you see a triangle shadow going down the step, 324 00:17:28,833 --> 00:17:31,833 the step exactly in the center of the pyramid. 325 00:17:32,042 --> 00:17:34,208 These discoveries support 326 00:17:34,375 --> 00:17:38,417 the Mayan legends of how the god Itzamná 327 00:17:38,583 --> 00:17:41,500 came down and, and gave knowledge of writing and books, 328 00:17:41,708 --> 00:17:45,125 while the feathered serpent Kukulkan came 329 00:17:45,250 --> 00:17:49,375 and he gave them knowledge of astronomy and agriculture. 330 00:17:49,542 --> 00:17:52,458 It would seem that the core Mayan knowledge 331 00:17:52,625 --> 00:17:54,083 came from these gods 332 00:17:54,292 --> 00:17:56,500 who were probably extraterrestrials. 333 00:17:57,542 --> 00:17:59,833 Could it be that stories of the Popol Vuh 334 00:18:00,000 --> 00:18:01,375 aren't fictional mythology, 335 00:18:01,542 --> 00:18:04,917 but are, in fact, recorded history of 336 00:18:05,125 --> 00:18:07,083 ancient Maya interaction 337 00:18:07,208 --> 00:18:09,375 with beings who descended from the sky? 338 00:18:09,542 --> 00:18:12,708 Perhaps further clues can be found by 339 00:18:12,917 --> 00:18:15,125 examining a Maya city in Honduras 340 00:18:15,208 --> 00:18:16,875 that was literally built 341 00:18:17,042 --> 00:18:19,750 to reflect the cosmos. 342 00:18:27,958 --> 00:18:29,208 This ancient site, 343 00:18:29,417 --> 00:18:31,333 located deep in the jungle, 344 00:18:31,542 --> 00:18:34,208 served as one of the most important city centers 345 00:18:34,417 --> 00:18:36,167 of the Maya civilization. 346 00:18:36,292 --> 00:18:40,167 At the peak of its power in the seventh century AD, 347 00:18:40,375 --> 00:18:43,542 the kingdom of Copán had a population of at least 348 00:18:43,708 --> 00:18:46,667 20,000 people and covered an area 349 00:18:46,875 --> 00:18:49,500 of over 100 square miles. 350 00:18:51,542 --> 00:18:53,708 Copán is a Classic Maya city 351 00:18:53,917 --> 00:18:58,292 that sits at the far eastern edge of the Maya world. 352 00:18:58,458 --> 00:19:01,250 Most of the Maya world is built out of limestone, 353 00:19:01,375 --> 00:19:03,375 and a lot of those limestone monuments 354 00:19:03,542 --> 00:19:05,125 have now melted. 355 00:19:05,250 --> 00:19:09,458 But Copán's sculpture, because it's in volcanic tuff, 356 00:19:09,667 --> 00:19:11,083 is beautiful. 357 00:19:11,250 --> 00:19:15,167 It's deep relief and still very visible. 358 00:19:16,208 --> 00:19:20,250 The city of Copán is probably one of the longest known 359 00:19:20,375 --> 00:19:25,417 and most investigated Maya city today. 360 00:19:27,042 --> 00:19:30,250 These fantastic carved stones of Copán 361 00:19:30,417 --> 00:19:35,333 evoke the imagination and the mystery of this place. 362 00:19:35,500 --> 00:19:39,625 It was called the Athens of the Maya world. 363 00:19:40,667 --> 00:19:44,167 Among the most remarkable carvings discovered at Copán 364 00:19:44,375 --> 00:19:47,417 are the 15 stone statues known as "stelae" 365 00:19:47,625 --> 00:19:51,667 that connect the city's ancient rulers with the gods. 366 00:19:51,875 --> 00:19:54,667 The most fantastic part of Copán is 367 00:19:54,833 --> 00:19:59,208 the carved monuments which are carved in the round. 368 00:19:59,417 --> 00:20:01,833 They're not what we call plano-convex 369 00:20:01,917 --> 00:20:03,708 like a slab with a, you know, 370 00:20:03,833 --> 00:20:05,292 a low-relief carving. 371 00:20:05,458 --> 00:20:07,792 These are carved in a sort of Michelangelo way 372 00:20:07,958 --> 00:20:11,458 in the round, and they're absolutely fantastic. 373 00:20:13,542 --> 00:20:16,167 The most well-known of Copán's stelae 374 00:20:16,333 --> 00:20:18,500 were built during the 36-year reign 375 00:20:18,708 --> 00:20:21,417 of the ruler Waxaklajuun Ub'aah K'awiil, 376 00:20:21,583 --> 00:20:24,583 better known by the nickname "18 Rabbit." 377 00:20:24,750 --> 00:20:26,917 On one of the stelae of Copán, 378 00:20:27,083 --> 00:20:29,500 18 Rabbit portrayed himself 379 00:20:29,708 --> 00:20:32,542 as the foremost patron god of Copán, 380 00:20:32,708 --> 00:20:36,542 the all-encompassing god K'intay Ahau. 381 00:20:36,708 --> 00:20:38,167 And on the stelae, 382 00:20:38,375 --> 00:20:42,667 he basically gives a dissertation on the cosmos. 383 00:20:42,875 --> 00:20:44,583 For all intents and purposes, 384 00:20:44,708 --> 00:20:48,667 18 Rabbit is depicted like modern-day astronauts. 385 00:20:48,833 --> 00:20:52,500 You see tubes, you see weird boxes, 386 00:20:52,708 --> 00:20:55,042 you see weird canisters and tanks. 387 00:20:55,208 --> 00:20:57,292 You see boots. 388 00:20:57,458 --> 00:21:01,625 It's stuff that looks more technological in origin. 389 00:21:01,833 --> 00:21:06,125 And what's fascinating is that in Tikal, in Guatemala, 390 00:21:06,208 --> 00:21:08,667 one of the stelae shows this being 391 00:21:08,875 --> 00:21:12,000 with a tube that comes straight down in the front 392 00:21:12,125 --> 00:21:13,500 and then it goes to the left 393 00:21:13,708 --> 00:21:16,167 and it culminates in some sort of a tank. 394 00:21:16,292 --> 00:21:20,000 It all looks very technological in origin. 395 00:21:20,208 --> 00:21:22,333 It would seem that these gods 396 00:21:22,500 --> 00:21:24,000 of the ancient Maya 397 00:21:24,208 --> 00:21:26,708 were real physical beings, 398 00:21:26,875 --> 00:21:31,500 and interacting with the Mayans, giving them knowledge, 399 00:21:31,583 --> 00:21:34,208 and were really instrumental in creating 400 00:21:34,375 --> 00:21:37,708 this advanced culture in Central America. 401 00:21:40,750 --> 00:21:43,750 Do the incredible ruins of Copán serve to commemorate 402 00:21:43,917 --> 00:21:48,292 the Maya's interactions with extraterrestrials? 403 00:21:48,417 --> 00:21:51,958 As far as ancient astronaut theorists are concerned, 404 00:21:52,125 --> 00:21:54,625 the answer is a resounding yes. 405 00:21:54,750 --> 00:21:57,917 And they suggest further evidence can be found 406 00:21:58,083 --> 00:22:02,083 by examining the artwork at another famous Maya site 407 00:22:02,250 --> 00:22:05,333 400 miles to the northwest. 408 00:22:12,875 --> 00:22:15,500 Under a pyramid called the Temple of Inscriptions 409 00:22:15,625 --> 00:22:17,500 at the ruins of Palenque, 410 00:22:17,708 --> 00:22:20,500 archaeologist Alberto Ruz Lhuillier 411 00:22:20,708 --> 00:22:23,208 discovers a mysterious underground stairway 412 00:22:23,375 --> 00:22:25,750 obstructed with large stones. 413 00:22:26,917 --> 00:22:29,292 Over the next three years, 414 00:22:29,458 --> 00:22:31,833 Ruz and his team carefully clear the stairwell 415 00:22:32,042 --> 00:22:35,042 consisting of 71 steps. 416 00:22:35,208 --> 00:22:38,625 When the door at the base of the stairwell is finally opened, 417 00:22:38,792 --> 00:22:42,667 they encounter room after room of skeletons and artifacts. 418 00:22:42,833 --> 00:22:46,000 And in the final room, they find the tomb 419 00:22:46,167 --> 00:22:49,667 of King K'inich Janaab' Pakal. 420 00:22:49,833 --> 00:22:53,667 One of the best-known and famous Maya ahau 421 00:22:53,833 --> 00:22:55,375 or "royal lord," 422 00:22:55,542 --> 00:22:59,375 was Pakal, who ruled in the seventh century AD. 423 00:22:59,542 --> 00:23:03,167 And he ruled for 68 years at this site, 424 00:23:03,375 --> 00:23:06,000 thus making him the longest-lived ruler 425 00:23:06,208 --> 00:23:08,625 in the Americas that we know of. 426 00:23:10,208 --> 00:23:11,417 While Pakal became 427 00:23:11,583 --> 00:23:14,417 a famous leader during his lifetime, 428 00:23:14,583 --> 00:23:18,083 today he remains one of the most well-known Maya kings 429 00:23:18,250 --> 00:23:21,958 because of the magnificence of his tomb and sarcophagus. 430 00:23:22,125 --> 00:23:26,333 The tomb of Pakal is one of the most amazing pieces 431 00:23:26,500 --> 00:23:29,000 of Maya art that we've ever found. 432 00:23:29,208 --> 00:23:33,125 On the top of the lid is a very elaborate carving 433 00:23:33,333 --> 00:23:36,375 that we believe is a depiction of Pakal 434 00:23:36,542 --> 00:23:40,417 falling into the underworld upon his death. 435 00:23:40,542 --> 00:23:44,292 Although many historians and archaeologists 436 00:23:44,417 --> 00:23:46,583 interpret the carving on Pakal's lid 437 00:23:46,750 --> 00:23:49,333 as the king's descent into the underworld, 438 00:23:49,542 --> 00:23:51,833 ancient astronaut theorists suggest 439 00:23:51,958 --> 00:23:55,708 it depicts a very different type of journey. 440 00:23:55,875 --> 00:23:59,000 The sarcophagus of Lord Pakal forever will remain 441 00:23:59,208 --> 00:24:02,625 one of the smoking guns of the ancient astronaut theory. 442 00:24:02,792 --> 00:24:05,667 He is in a reclining position. 443 00:24:05,833 --> 00:24:08,583 He has a breathing apparatus attached to his nose. 444 00:24:08,750 --> 00:24:12,167 His hands are manipulating some buttons. 445 00:24:12,375 --> 00:24:15,458 And his feet are on pedals. 446 00:24:15,625 --> 00:24:19,750 It looks as if Pakal is lifting off into space 447 00:24:19,917 --> 00:24:23,125 inside some type of a rocket vehicle. 448 00:24:26,208 --> 00:24:29,417 As far as ancient astronaut theorists are concerned, 449 00:24:29,542 --> 00:24:32,667 the idea that King Pakal's sarcophagus lid 450 00:24:32,875 --> 00:24:36,458 depicts a journey to space is supported by Maya writing 451 00:24:36,625 --> 00:24:39,333 that surrounds the iconic carving. 452 00:24:39,542 --> 00:24:41,000 Those Maya glyphs say 453 00:24:41,167 --> 00:24:45,500 that this is King Pakal's journey to Xibalba. 454 00:24:45,667 --> 00:24:47,958 "Xibalba" means "underworld." 455 00:24:48,083 --> 00:24:52,417 Well, archaeologists, about 15 years ago, 456 00:24:52,583 --> 00:24:56,542 revisited the term "Xibalba" and concluded 457 00:24:56,708 --> 00:25:00,000 that, actually, "Xibalba" can also be translated 458 00:25:00,208 --> 00:25:02,625 as "Milky Way." 459 00:25:02,792 --> 00:25:05,500 And all of a sudden, this depiction makes sense 460 00:25:05,667 --> 00:25:09,000 because what we have here is a representation 461 00:25:09,208 --> 00:25:12,917 of King Pakal on his journey to the Milky Way. 462 00:25:14,042 --> 00:25:15,458 Could it be that the carving 463 00:25:15,625 --> 00:25:17,708 on King Pakal's sarcophagus 464 00:25:17,875 --> 00:25:20,917 depicts the cockpit of a spacecraft? 465 00:25:22,667 --> 00:25:25,458 Do the artifacts of Palenque and Copán 466 00:25:25,667 --> 00:25:29,333 support the notion that the Maya did not just write stories 467 00:25:29,542 --> 00:25:32,167 about gods who came down from the sky 468 00:25:32,375 --> 00:25:36,333 but had real encounters with otherworldly visitors? 469 00:25:36,500 --> 00:25:39,833 Ancient astronaut theorists say yes, 470 00:25:40,042 --> 00:25:43,333 and suggest further evidence can be found 471 00:25:43,500 --> 00:25:46,167 at the oldest Maya site ever discovered. 472 00:25:46,375 --> 00:25:49,000 A site that, until the 20th century, 473 00:25:49,208 --> 00:25:52,417 had remained hidden in the jungles of Guatemala 474 00:25:52,583 --> 00:25:55,833 for more than 1,000 years. 475 00:25:59,875 --> 00:26:02,083 The Mirador Basin, 476 00:26:02,208 --> 00:26:05,792 northern Guatemala, 1978. 477 00:26:06,833 --> 00:26:08,792 A team of American archaeologists 478 00:26:08,917 --> 00:26:12,542 launches a project to excavate a mysterious ancient site 479 00:26:12,708 --> 00:26:16,000 that has been discovered deep in the jungle. 480 00:26:16,208 --> 00:26:20,458 Called El Mirador, it features two gigantic pyramids 481 00:26:20,583 --> 00:26:24,208 now known as El Tigre and La Danta. 482 00:26:24,375 --> 00:26:28,458 The Mirador Basin is very deep in the jungle. 483 00:26:28,625 --> 00:26:30,458 You can fly a plane over it, 484 00:26:30,542 --> 00:26:32,333 but you don't really see anything. 485 00:26:32,417 --> 00:26:34,500 Everything is covered in trees. 486 00:26:34,708 --> 00:26:36,167 So, we assumed, 487 00:26:36,292 --> 00:26:37,625 if humans were ever in there, 488 00:26:37,833 --> 00:26:40,625 they weren't building anything of substance. 489 00:26:40,833 --> 00:26:43,292 But as we got in on the ground and we could see 490 00:26:43,417 --> 00:26:46,333 from the bottom of the trees instead of on the top, 491 00:26:46,458 --> 00:26:48,167 we realized that a lot of the things 492 00:26:48,292 --> 00:26:52,667 we mistaked for mountains were actually gigantic pyramids. 493 00:26:53,833 --> 00:26:55,333 Artwork carved on the pyramids 494 00:26:55,542 --> 00:27:00,000 at El Mirador identified them as belonging to the Maya. 495 00:27:00,208 --> 00:27:04,375 La Danta, the bigger of the two, is larger in volume 496 00:27:04,542 --> 00:27:07,875 than the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt. 497 00:27:08,083 --> 00:27:10,583 La Danta, it's not just a pyramid, 498 00:27:10,708 --> 00:27:12,625 it's a pyramid with pyramids on top of it. 499 00:27:12,750 --> 00:27:14,917 I mean, this is a massive structure 500 00:27:15,083 --> 00:27:16,917 that's rivaling or even bigger 501 00:27:17,083 --> 00:27:21,167 than any other known Maya temple complex. 502 00:27:23,958 --> 00:27:26,833 Researchers for the Mirador Archaeological Project, 503 00:27:26,958 --> 00:27:31,167 which ran from 1978 to 1983, 504 00:27:31,333 --> 00:27:32,708 were astonished to find 505 00:27:32,833 --> 00:27:34,542 such massive Maya structures 506 00:27:34,708 --> 00:27:36,875 in this remote jungle area. 507 00:27:38,792 --> 00:27:40,750 And it begged the question, 508 00:27:40,917 --> 00:27:44,667 could this be one of the oldest Maya sites ever discovered, 509 00:27:44,792 --> 00:27:48,333 built at a time when the environment was more hospitable? 510 00:27:50,375 --> 00:27:54,208 The answer would be provided by archaeologist Richard Hansen, 511 00:27:54,333 --> 00:27:56,667 who was in charge of the Tigre Complex 512 00:27:56,875 --> 00:27:59,625 in the western sector of the site. 513 00:27:59,833 --> 00:28:02,167 In March of 1979, 514 00:28:02,333 --> 00:28:05,292 Richard Hansen was excavating a room within a structure 515 00:28:05,458 --> 00:28:07,708 called the Jaguar Paw Temple. 516 00:28:07,875 --> 00:28:10,000 At the time, these structures were understood 517 00:28:10,083 --> 00:28:13,667 to be from what they call the Classic Maya period, 518 00:28:13,833 --> 00:28:17,792 which dates from about 250 AD to 900 AD. 519 00:28:17,917 --> 00:28:20,458 And that's because archaeologists didn't think 520 00:28:20,625 --> 00:28:22,792 the Maya were capable of building 521 00:28:22,958 --> 00:28:26,833 large structures like this before that time. 522 00:28:27,958 --> 00:28:30,583 But Hansen came upon ceramic artifacts 523 00:28:30,708 --> 00:28:33,417 that he immediately recognized as Chicanel, 524 00:28:33,583 --> 00:28:38,375 which means that these are artifacts from around 200 BC. 525 00:28:38,500 --> 00:28:40,417 And, of course, he was shocked. 526 00:28:40,542 --> 00:28:43,958 Richard Hansen himself said that he suddenly realized 527 00:28:44,125 --> 00:28:48,208 the whole evolutionary model for the Maya was wrong. 528 00:28:48,375 --> 00:28:51,375 And in that moment, he was the only person 529 00:28:51,542 --> 00:28:53,792 in the world who knew it. 530 00:28:54,958 --> 00:28:56,667 Since Hansen's discovery, 531 00:28:56,833 --> 00:28:58,833 other scientific data has revealed 532 00:28:58,958 --> 00:29:03,167 that El Mirador dates to at least 600 BC, 533 00:29:03,375 --> 00:29:05,792 and could be even older. 534 00:29:05,958 --> 00:29:08,917 This is long before the Classic Maya era, 535 00:29:09,125 --> 00:29:12,000 which is the period when most archaeologists had believed 536 00:29:12,167 --> 00:29:15,417 the Maya started building monumental structures. 537 00:29:17,375 --> 00:29:22,000 The debate on how to subdivide Maya history 538 00:29:22,167 --> 00:29:26,333 has actually gone on for as long as we've been studying the Maya. 539 00:29:26,500 --> 00:29:29,333 But for decades, 540 00:29:29,542 --> 00:29:31,583 there was an understanding 541 00:29:31,750 --> 00:29:33,667 that, before the Classic period, 542 00:29:33,875 --> 00:29:35,833 they had more humble, 543 00:29:35,958 --> 00:29:38,125 village-style living. 544 00:29:38,292 --> 00:29:40,833 It's in the last 50 years or so, 545 00:29:41,042 --> 00:29:44,000 including information from places like El Mirador, 546 00:29:44,208 --> 00:29:46,958 that we have, as archaeologists, come to both understand 547 00:29:47,125 --> 00:29:50,667 and appreciate the fact that a great civilization 548 00:29:50,750 --> 00:29:53,000 actually predates the Classic period. 549 00:29:55,250 --> 00:29:57,292 For ancient astronaut theorists, 550 00:29:57,417 --> 00:30:00,792 the discoveries at El Mirador support the idea 551 00:30:01,000 --> 00:30:04,292 that the Maya stories of sky gods are, in fact, 552 00:30:04,458 --> 00:30:09,167 historical accounts of extraterrestrial visitation. 553 00:30:09,333 --> 00:30:11,792 The Maya said that they were in contact 554 00:30:11,917 --> 00:30:14,042 with the gods and that they were given this knowledge 555 00:30:14,208 --> 00:30:17,958 directly by these extraterrestrial beings. 556 00:30:18,083 --> 00:30:20,042 And what we have discovered is the pyramids 557 00:30:20,208 --> 00:30:22,417 that were constructed, likely, to honor 558 00:30:22,583 --> 00:30:24,500 these otherworldly beings. 559 00:30:27,750 --> 00:30:30,500 In 2003, 24 years 560 00:30:30,625 --> 00:30:34,625 after his first incredible discovery at El Mirador, 561 00:30:34,792 --> 00:30:38,042 Dr. Richard Hansen got the opportunity 562 00:30:38,208 --> 00:30:41,333 to conduct a survey of a much larger area of the basin 563 00:30:41,500 --> 00:30:47,167 using a sophisticated remote sensing method called lidar. 564 00:30:47,250 --> 00:30:52,167 Lidar is a laser-imaging detection and ranging device. 565 00:30:52,333 --> 00:30:55,958 It uses light in the same way a radar uses radio 566 00:30:56,125 --> 00:30:58,042 for detection and ranging. 567 00:30:58,208 --> 00:31:00,333 A compact system can be flown 568 00:31:00,542 --> 00:31:01,875 on a small airplane. 569 00:31:02,042 --> 00:31:03,500 In four to five hours, 570 00:31:03,667 --> 00:31:06,500 we can map 200 square kilometers 571 00:31:06,625 --> 00:31:07,917 at really high resolution, 572 00:31:08,083 --> 00:31:10,333 something that will take years or decades 573 00:31:10,500 --> 00:31:14,000 for a ground crew to do using traditional techniques. 574 00:31:15,042 --> 00:31:17,250 Dr. Hansen spent nearly two decades 575 00:31:17,417 --> 00:31:21,042 performing his lidar survey and what he uncovered was 576 00:31:21,208 --> 00:31:24,750 that the pyramids of El Tigre and La Danta provide 577 00:31:24,958 --> 00:31:26,250 only a small glimpse 578 00:31:26,375 --> 00:31:30,167 of what is hidden in the Mirador jungle. 579 00:31:38,208 --> 00:31:41,667 19 years into the vast lidar study 580 00:31:41,833 --> 00:31:44,625 of the Mirador Basin, Dr. Richard Hansen 581 00:31:44,792 --> 00:31:48,583 and his archaeological team announce their findings. 582 00:31:49,792 --> 00:31:52,500 Incredibly, lidar surveys covering 583 00:31:52,708 --> 00:31:55,208 1.6 million acres of the jungle 584 00:31:55,375 --> 00:31:59,542 have revealed nearly 1,000 ancient Maya settlements 585 00:31:59,708 --> 00:32:01,667 including houses, palaces 586 00:32:01,875 --> 00:32:04,333 and colossal pyramids. 587 00:32:04,500 --> 00:32:06,500 And they are believed to date back 588 00:32:06,708 --> 00:32:08,958 at least 3,000 years... 589 00:32:09,083 --> 00:32:12,042 long before the height of the Maya civilization. 590 00:32:14,042 --> 00:32:15,875 These are some of the largest buildings 591 00:32:16,042 --> 00:32:17,792 that were ever made by the Maya. 592 00:32:17,958 --> 00:32:19,583 Some of these buildings include 593 00:32:19,792 --> 00:32:21,667 things like ball courts, 594 00:32:21,792 --> 00:32:24,167 temple structures, palace structures, 595 00:32:24,333 --> 00:32:27,833 residential compounds, plaza groups. 596 00:32:27,958 --> 00:32:29,417 It boggles the mind. 597 00:32:30,542 --> 00:32:34,000 What's amazing is we've found what seems to be 598 00:32:34,167 --> 00:32:36,000 an entire civilization 599 00:32:36,167 --> 00:32:38,667 that's rival of the Egyptian civilization 600 00:32:38,875 --> 00:32:40,333 that the Mayans had built 601 00:32:40,542 --> 00:32:41,583 a long time ago 602 00:32:41,708 --> 00:32:42,833 we never knew were there. 603 00:32:43,042 --> 00:32:44,167 There are pyramids there 604 00:32:44,292 --> 00:32:46,375 that rival the pyramids in Egypt. 605 00:32:48,708 --> 00:32:52,958 The results of the lidar study established the pre-Classic Maya 606 00:32:53,125 --> 00:32:54,708 as being just as advanced 607 00:32:54,917 --> 00:32:56,750 as other great early civilizations 608 00:32:56,917 --> 00:32:58,875 like the Egyptians 609 00:32:59,042 --> 00:33:01,250 and the Greeks. 610 00:33:02,208 --> 00:33:04,125 And archaeologists were astounded 611 00:33:04,292 --> 00:33:06,875 by how much the Maya built. 612 00:33:07,042 --> 00:33:09,667 The data revealed that hidden within the jungles 613 00:33:09,875 --> 00:33:11,167 of the Mirador Basin 614 00:33:11,375 --> 00:33:15,375 are more than 110,000 ancient structures. 615 00:33:16,542 --> 00:33:18,000 Archaeologists realize 616 00:33:18,208 --> 00:33:20,042 that this area was at one time 617 00:33:20,208 --> 00:33:22,208 densely populated. 618 00:33:22,375 --> 00:33:26,000 And they built huge pyramid cities. 619 00:33:26,208 --> 00:33:27,875 There were hundreds of thousands, 620 00:33:28,083 --> 00:33:31,250 if not even millions of people living there. 621 00:33:31,417 --> 00:33:34,125 It's really awesome when we can go 622 00:33:34,292 --> 00:33:37,583 and find a city that's unknown to modern science. 623 00:33:37,750 --> 00:33:38,833 I mean, that's incredible. 624 00:33:39,000 --> 00:33:41,000 And for me, some of the, 625 00:33:41,125 --> 00:33:42,125 like, really cool things, 626 00:33:42,208 --> 00:33:43,667 it's actually being able 627 00:33:43,833 --> 00:33:46,833 to see features that remind us that the Maya were 628 00:33:46,958 --> 00:33:48,167 just like you and I. 629 00:33:49,208 --> 00:33:51,500 And being able to see stuff like a market. 630 00:33:51,708 --> 00:33:53,000 I mean, we think about pyramids 631 00:33:53,208 --> 00:33:54,875 and, like, temples and stuff like that, 632 00:33:55,042 --> 00:33:56,625 but finding some structures 633 00:33:56,750 --> 00:33:58,393 that archaeologists interpret to be a market 634 00:33:58,417 --> 00:34:00,333 where people came from different places 635 00:34:00,500 --> 00:34:03,542 to exchange goods and services, that's amazing. 636 00:34:07,000 --> 00:34:09,000 Dr. Hansen's lidar survey 637 00:34:09,208 --> 00:34:12,167 produced one incredible revelation after another. 638 00:34:14,250 --> 00:34:16,833 But for archaeologists, the most astonishing of all 639 00:34:17,000 --> 00:34:19,875 was an elaborate network of causeways 640 00:34:20,042 --> 00:34:21,667 or elevated roads. 641 00:34:22,875 --> 00:34:25,667 El Mirador had these elevated causeways... 642 00:34:25,833 --> 00:34:27,125 superhighways is the way 643 00:34:27,250 --> 00:34:29,250 the archaeologists described them... 644 00:34:29,417 --> 00:34:32,500 and they were actually also covered with white plaster 645 00:34:32,625 --> 00:34:35,250 so that they would reflect the light of the moon 646 00:34:35,458 --> 00:34:38,708 so that then they could travel during the-the nighttime hours. 647 00:34:40,208 --> 00:34:42,583 These ancient Maya causeways are considered 648 00:34:42,750 --> 00:34:45,458 more sophisticated than those of other civilizations 649 00:34:45,542 --> 00:34:48,667 of the time, like the Greeks and Romans 650 00:34:48,833 --> 00:34:52,542 due to the fact that they were elevated over many miles. 651 00:34:53,792 --> 00:34:55,500 The longest causeway that we know 652 00:34:55,667 --> 00:34:58,250 is over a hundred kilometers long. 653 00:34:58,375 --> 00:35:00,292 The largest portion of the causeway connects 654 00:35:00,458 --> 00:35:03,000 the site of Mirador to other sites. 655 00:35:03,167 --> 00:35:05,583 Some of these causeways were the size 656 00:35:05,792 --> 00:35:07,833 of a four-lane highway. 657 00:35:08,000 --> 00:35:12,000 They are probably between two and five meters in elevation 658 00:35:12,167 --> 00:35:14,000 with relationship to the lowlands. 659 00:35:14,208 --> 00:35:16,792 So it was a massive undertaking. 660 00:35:17,958 --> 00:35:20,958 Name another city in 1000 BC 661 00:35:21,125 --> 00:35:23,167 that had elevated roadways 662 00:35:23,375 --> 00:35:26,125 that are as wide as a four-lane highway. 663 00:35:26,250 --> 00:35:27,500 There is none. 664 00:35:29,042 --> 00:35:32,750 The discoveries that continue to be made in the Mirador Basin 665 00:35:32,958 --> 00:35:36,250 are completely upending our understanding of the Maya, 666 00:35:36,417 --> 00:35:38,375 and present new questions 667 00:35:38,542 --> 00:35:41,250 as to how this sophisticated culture 668 00:35:41,375 --> 00:35:45,792 emerged seemingly out of nowhere more than 3,000 years ago. 669 00:35:47,042 --> 00:35:48,917 What we have discovered right there 670 00:35:49,042 --> 00:35:51,958 is a lost chapter 671 00:35:52,042 --> 00:35:53,250 of human history. 672 00:35:53,458 --> 00:35:56,208 Because they now determined 673 00:35:56,375 --> 00:36:01,042 that even a thousand years before the Classical Maya period 674 00:36:01,208 --> 00:36:04,375 they had an entire network of roads 675 00:36:04,542 --> 00:36:07,542 with buildings, with structures. 676 00:36:07,708 --> 00:36:09,750 I mean, my mind is blown 677 00:36:09,917 --> 00:36:15,583 because this is a complete rewriting of Maya history. 678 00:36:16,667 --> 00:36:18,500 We have a whole new scenario here. 679 00:36:18,708 --> 00:36:22,833 The evolutionary theory of how the Maya came along 680 00:36:23,000 --> 00:36:24,292 is wrong. 681 00:36:24,417 --> 00:36:26,792 It's completely upset by this discovery. 682 00:36:28,375 --> 00:36:31,125 How is it that the early Maya developed 683 00:36:31,292 --> 00:36:33,125 sophisticated cities and structures 684 00:36:33,250 --> 00:36:35,292 at a time when it is thought 685 00:36:35,500 --> 00:36:38,042 the entire North American continent was 686 00:36:38,208 --> 00:36:40,958 populated by primitive nomadic people? 687 00:36:41,958 --> 00:36:45,792 Could it be that the Maya creation story is, in fact, 688 00:36:45,958 --> 00:36:49,875 a historical account of extraterrestrial visitation? 689 00:36:52,333 --> 00:36:56,167 Ancient astronaut theorists say yes and suggest 690 00:36:56,333 --> 00:36:58,000 further evidence can be found 691 00:36:58,167 --> 00:37:00,333 by examining the Maya's connection 692 00:37:00,417 --> 00:37:03,208 with the Pleiades star cluster. 693 00:37:07,792 --> 00:37:10,833 Located over 400 light-years from Earth, 694 00:37:11,042 --> 00:37:13,167 near the constellation of Taurus, 695 00:37:13,375 --> 00:37:16,500 is a star cluster known as the Pleiades. 696 00:37:16,708 --> 00:37:19,958 It is commonly recognized as seven bright stars 697 00:37:20,042 --> 00:37:22,417 referred to as the Seven Sisters. 698 00:37:23,458 --> 00:37:26,833 But there are, in fact, around 3,000 stars 699 00:37:26,958 --> 00:37:28,667 in the Pleiades star cluster. 700 00:37:28,875 --> 00:37:32,292 This area of the night sky held great significance 701 00:37:32,417 --> 00:37:34,375 for the Maya civilization. 702 00:37:36,750 --> 00:37:39,625 The Maya themselves associate 703 00:37:39,792 --> 00:37:42,500 the celestial beings that had contact 704 00:37:42,625 --> 00:37:47,333 with their own ancestors with the Pleiades constellation. 705 00:37:47,458 --> 00:37:49,125 In more recent years, 706 00:37:49,250 --> 00:37:52,042 this has come through the work 707 00:37:52,167 --> 00:37:53,500 and the teachings 708 00:37:53,708 --> 00:37:56,667 of a writer and researcher 709 00:37:56,792 --> 00:38:00,167 by the name of José Argüelles, 710 00:38:00,333 --> 00:38:02,458 who during the 1970s 711 00:38:02,625 --> 00:38:05,833 spent a long time in the Maya lands, 712 00:38:05,917 --> 00:38:07,833 having his own experiences 713 00:38:08,000 --> 00:38:10,333 talking to the Maya themselves, 714 00:38:10,500 --> 00:38:12,417 and coming to the conclusion 715 00:38:12,583 --> 00:38:16,458 that the founders of the Mayan civilization were, 716 00:38:16,583 --> 00:38:20,667 in fact, star beings that had come down in the distant past. 717 00:38:21,708 --> 00:38:24,833 That had given the Maya the knowledge and wisdom 718 00:38:25,000 --> 00:38:28,958 to create the foundations of their civilization. 719 00:38:33,000 --> 00:38:35,375 Could it be that the Maya identify 720 00:38:35,542 --> 00:38:37,583 the Pleiades as the home of the gods 721 00:38:37,750 --> 00:38:40,000 because this was told to their ancestors 722 00:38:40,208 --> 00:38:42,583 by extraterrestrial visitors? 723 00:38:44,542 --> 00:38:48,083 As far as ancient astronaut theorists are concerned, 724 00:38:48,250 --> 00:38:50,333 that question was answered by the recent 725 00:38:50,500 --> 00:38:52,958 lidar studies at El Mirador. 726 00:38:54,000 --> 00:38:57,083 Because what they revealed is that, incredibly, 727 00:38:57,292 --> 00:38:59,333 the ancient structures of El Mirador 728 00:38:59,542 --> 00:39:02,208 appear to have been intentionally positioned 729 00:39:02,375 --> 00:39:05,750 to mirror the seven brightest stars of the Pleiades. 730 00:39:05,958 --> 00:39:10,458 Some archaeologists have suggested that El Mirador is 731 00:39:10,625 --> 00:39:12,333 aligned with the Pleiades 732 00:39:12,542 --> 00:39:15,792 and that the pyramids and other structures there 733 00:39:15,917 --> 00:39:19,667 are actually recreating the Pleiades star system 734 00:39:19,833 --> 00:39:22,833 on the grounds in the El Mirador basin. 735 00:39:23,875 --> 00:39:26,875 In my opinion, those structures are 736 00:39:27,042 --> 00:39:30,875 calling cards of our visitors long ago. 737 00:39:31,917 --> 00:39:36,000 Does the layout of El Mirador provide the ultimate proof 738 00:39:36,208 --> 00:39:38,375 that Maya society was the product 739 00:39:38,542 --> 00:39:40,500 of extraterrestrial intervention? 740 00:39:42,208 --> 00:39:44,292 While ancient astronaut theorists find 741 00:39:44,458 --> 00:39:46,333 this possibility intriguing, 742 00:39:46,458 --> 00:39:48,833 they believe even more profound discoveries 743 00:39:49,042 --> 00:39:51,083 are yet to be made. 744 00:39:51,208 --> 00:39:54,083 The things that we've actually been able to excavate, 745 00:39:54,208 --> 00:39:56,000 it's just a fraction, 746 00:39:56,208 --> 00:39:59,500 a sub-percent of what's actually 747 00:39:59,667 --> 00:40:01,375 out there to see. 748 00:40:02,500 --> 00:40:04,917 I can say with confidence that we have dug 749 00:40:05,042 --> 00:40:08,583 less than one percent of the Maya world. 750 00:40:08,708 --> 00:40:12,542 Even in cities we know well, like Palenque for example, 751 00:40:12,708 --> 00:40:14,458 I made a map of Palenque. 752 00:40:14,625 --> 00:40:18,000 I mapped almost 1,500 buildings. 753 00:40:18,208 --> 00:40:20,500 We've excavated 33. 754 00:40:20,625 --> 00:40:22,542 And that's a well-known city. 755 00:40:23,458 --> 00:40:26,250 We have barely begun to scratch 756 00:40:26,375 --> 00:40:27,833 the surface of what's still remaining 757 00:40:28,042 --> 00:40:29,500 of ancient Maya society. 758 00:40:30,458 --> 00:40:32,583 As a tourist or an archaeologist going 759 00:40:32,792 --> 00:40:34,292 into the Maya lowland, 760 00:40:34,375 --> 00:40:36,042 it's quite remarkable to see 761 00:40:36,208 --> 00:40:39,167 pyramids sticking out of the canopy of the jungle. 762 00:40:39,292 --> 00:40:40,792 And you're tempted to think, 763 00:40:40,958 --> 00:40:43,125 "Well, wow, there must be thousands of sites 764 00:40:43,292 --> 00:40:45,625 that are remaining to be discovered." 765 00:40:47,042 --> 00:40:50,833 When we look at what is happening in Maya country now, 766 00:40:50,958 --> 00:40:55,667 it's a resurgence of a civilization long lost, 767 00:40:55,792 --> 00:40:58,208 but that is truly among the most magnificent 768 00:40:58,375 --> 00:41:00,458 in all human history. 769 00:41:00,625 --> 00:41:02,292 The modern Maya have to be 770 00:41:02,458 --> 00:41:03,875 incredibly proud of this. 771 00:41:04,042 --> 00:41:05,083 This is their lineage. 772 00:41:05,208 --> 00:41:06,667 This is their ancestors 773 00:41:06,833 --> 00:41:08,833 that built these magnificent cities 774 00:41:09,042 --> 00:41:12,542 that are now being unveiled and uncovered. 775 00:41:13,583 --> 00:41:15,458 I think what we're gonna be finding here is 776 00:41:15,583 --> 00:41:18,500 some incredible new discoveries among the Maya. 777 00:41:18,667 --> 00:41:20,833 And it's ultimately gonna point to the Pleiades 778 00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:23,667 and extraterrestrials as the ones that were 779 00:41:23,833 --> 00:41:26,583 the teachers of this civilization. 780 00:41:27,958 --> 00:41:31,458 Could the lost cities of the Mirador Basin... 781 00:41:31,625 --> 00:41:34,500 that archaeologists are only now beginning to explore... 782 00:41:34,708 --> 00:41:37,458 hold incredible new evidence about, 783 00:41:37,625 --> 00:41:39,333 not only the Maya 784 00:41:39,500 --> 00:41:42,625 but the origins of human civilization? 785 00:41:43,750 --> 00:41:47,042 Are the jungles of Central America hiding 786 00:41:47,208 --> 00:41:50,167 the ultimate proof of ancient alien visitation? 787 00:41:51,375 --> 00:41:53,292 Perhaps as we continue to unravel 788 00:41:53,375 --> 00:41:55,042 the mysteries of the Maya, 789 00:41:55,208 --> 00:41:59,000 we will learn that their stories of sky gods are, 790 00:41:59,167 --> 00:42:01,417 in fact, historical accounts 791 00:42:01,583 --> 00:42:04,875 of our extraterrestrial past. 61837

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