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I'm Dan snow and to time with the 80th
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anniversary of the D-Day Landings I'm
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going to be looking at some of the best
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and most memorable depictions of the day
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in film and TV the D-Day Landings
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codenamed Operation Overlord was the
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Allied invasion of Europe on June the
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6th
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1944 it took years to prepare for it was
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the largest amphibious assault in
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military history around 4 and a half
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thousand Allied soldiers died on that
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one day but the invasion was a success
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it was the springboard for liberating
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France and taking the war to Germany and
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toppling the Nazis the following year
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this is a deep dive into D-Day
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[Music]
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movies well the first movie I want to
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check out is well it's almost certainly
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the most memorable depiction of D-Day in
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any movie in fact I think it's probably
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the most memorable depiction of warfare
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across any movie or TV show it's Saving
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Private Ryan the absolute epic Steven
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Spielberg 1998 movie it won five Oscars
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weird thing about Saving Private Ryan it
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didn't actually win best picture it was
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beaten by Shakespeare in Love But it is
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an iconic movie I think it changed movie
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theater it changed the cinemar
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experience as we understand it and the
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characters are fictional the plot is
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fictional but the opening scene is
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generally regarded as pretty accurate
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they when they went to enormous trouble
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to create what it must have looked like
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and felt like on Omaha Beach which was
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the bloodiest of the five beaches which
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were assaulted by Allied troops on
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D-Day this scene for me just
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encapsulates the sheer horror of what it
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must have been like going a short it's
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the first what I like is there's a
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there's a cal before the storm you see
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them going in these landing craft
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heavily Laden down U that that people
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are being sick a lot of the troops were
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sick on dday it was a lot rougher than
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people were expecting and then suddenly
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that ramp goes down at the front and
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German machine gun fire rakes through
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that unit now there are units on Omaha
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in particular that would have suffered
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casualties like this there are units
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that were almost wiped out on Omaha in
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particular and the other thing you see
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here which is pretty accurate is a lot
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of those land craft they ended up in the
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wrong place there was a lot more drift
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along the along the coast than people
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were had allowed for in the planning and
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and they ended up hitting sandbanks
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sandbars obstacles the crew would let
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down the the ramp at the front thinking
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they're on the beach and they'd actually
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the men would jump out into deep water
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some would drown they've been weighed
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down by their kit you get a sense of
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struggling ashore here
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you see a lot of the German defense here
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the lot of the German Beach obstacles as
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these steel three steel guarders welded
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together they're called hedgehogs uh you
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can see the wooden post that wooden
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ramps with mines on top so when you when
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a a landing craft came here they might
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they might trigger those mines blow a
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hole in the side of the the boat or the
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ship in it's the hardest thing in
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Warfare to make an opposed Beach Landing
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you've got to deal with the sea you got
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to deal with the weather you've got to
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deal with the the difficulty of getting
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ashore and the enemy are entrenched
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they've got bunkers and barbed wire in
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the case of Omaha which we see here the
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enemy have got the advantage of of
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significant height it's quite a hilly
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Place Omaha there are Cliffs and Bluffs
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looking down and as you see the Germans
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are able to look right down on the beach
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you'd have had to fire shorter burst on
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that machine gun the mg42 it's an
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aircooled machine gun and if you fired
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that quickly the whole Barrel would melt
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but these things are small quibbles I've
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read one account from a um a guy driving
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a vehicle up the beach on Omar I managed
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to get the vehicle ashore from a a
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landing craft but he he couldn't
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maneuver on the beach because there was
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so many dead and wounded men lying
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around on the beach that he felt he'd be
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crushing his own wounded comrades he
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didn't feel he could do that so he just
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it was a bulldozer in fact it just
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stayed static on the beach and other men
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hid behind it desperately cowering
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behind anything that could give some
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Shelter From The Vicious fire that was
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coming in from the Bluffs above the
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defenses
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above it's a Haring depiction of warfare
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here and at the time it was even more
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Haring we hadn't seen movie making
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special effects like this in the late
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'90s
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you see men losing limbs you see men
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blown into the air a flamethrower
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operator
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explodes uh it is it very troubling
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indeed and in fact when this movie came
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out it was very triggering for a lot of
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wobble two veterans that to set up help
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lines so so people that had been there
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could actually call in and talk to a
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therapist remember this is only 50 55
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years after the landings themselves so
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there's a lot of guys still alive they'd
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be in their 70s who would have
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experience these these Beach Landings
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and and other Landings like them what I
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like about this astonishing scene is you
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really get a sense of what made the
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difference on Omaha it wasn't the plan
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went out the window the tanks didn't
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arrive and Tom Hanks actually talks
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about the the swimming tanks most of
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them founded in the choppy Seas they
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sank to the bottom and and sadly they're
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still there to this day and what it came
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down to an Omaha were just small units
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liut tenants captains sergeants
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relatively Junior ranks making key
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decisions leading just small groups of
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men forward smelling out sniffing out
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weak points in enemy defenses and slowly
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just chipping away and working their way
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through that that German defensive
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system and you get a great sense of that
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here you see Tom Hanks as a captain he's
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leading his men he's looking for
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opportunities and eventually they just
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find a bit of cover they find that seaw
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wall they're able to regroup they're
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able to use the so-call Bangalore
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torpedo that's a long
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explosive device that will that will
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blast holes and barbed wire and by by
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small groups of highly motivated skilled
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and prepared men like this they were
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able to get into and through the German
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[Music]
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defenses and and Omaha through the
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morning on Omar despite appalling
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casualties groups of men are able to get
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onto those Bluffs onto those Cliffs and
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eventually up to the cliff tops a couple
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of hours after
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landing you see the powerful German
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defenses here the concrete pill boxes
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the barbed wire the trench lines what
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this shows as well is that when you
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manage to infiltrate around and behind
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those defenses they're quite vulnerable
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it was a strong defensive line but it
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was a brittle one and once you punch
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through it you can come around behind
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and the Germans are in big trouble
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because they they're not that these
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defensive positions aren't really
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designed to be defended from around the
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back and the sides so it's easier to to
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kill to neutralize to capture the German
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Defenders when you've infiltrated around
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the
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flanks sugar can sugar Charlie three say
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again dog one is open send in the do I'm
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waiting here to tie in my flanks
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open
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what what I'm sorry I can't
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this shows quite realistically the
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Americans taking no prisoners talking to
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Veterans I have been told that there are
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certain situations in which it's quite
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difficult for the other side to
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surrender if it's very close quars
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fighting it's very very amped up like it
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is here uh then it is quite hard to slow
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down and allow surrenders to take place
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because the men are just so pumped you
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don't take any chances so if you're a
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machine gun operator if you've just
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given someone a belt of machine gun
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rounds Point Blank Range it's going to
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be quite hard for you then to put your
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hands up go by the way I
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Surrender that's quite a
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view yes it
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is quite a view
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[Music]
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and we see the corpse with Ryan marked
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on his kit now in Saving Private Ryan
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the Ryan family are made up but it's
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based on the true story of the nyand
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family two of them were killed on and
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around dday another one was killed in in
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Southeast Asia and a a final family
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member was was brought home and
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protected so as Not to cause even more
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trauma to the family Saving Private Ry
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is certainly one of the the most
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extraordinary war movies ever made at
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the time it was first released I don't
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think any of us had seen special effects
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we'd never seen War like that on our
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screens it takes on that first scene
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that takes on Omaha is Iconic it's
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completely extraordinary and I've talked
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to many veterans on the beach of
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Normandy and I've said to them what was
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it like and they say just go and watch
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safe Private
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[Music]
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Ryan next up want to have a look at Band
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of Brothers it was created a couple
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years after Saving Private Ryan in 2001
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by the Spiel bug Tom Hanks Dream Team
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following their collaboration on Saving
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Private Ryan it's based on a non-fiction
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book by the historian the writer Steven
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Ambrose now the Band of Brothers is a is
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a Shakespearean expression but it refers
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to this small unit who saw a huge huge
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amount of action uh in the second world
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war
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1944-45 their Easy Company of the second
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Battalion the 56th parachute Infantry
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Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division
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now they're the Screaming Eagles they're
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one of the most famous iconic uh
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Airborne divisions in history in the
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history of warfare and it just turns out
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this company they're very well-led very
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high caliber excellent training uh and
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their experience meant that they just
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happened to be in several key pinch
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points of the campaign to liberate
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Northwest
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[Music]
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Europe the Estuary of the DU river
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divides two Beach heads code named Utah
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here and Omaha here Seaborn infantry
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will hit these beaches in Force at a
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date and time to be specified H hour
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dday airborne objective gentlemen is to
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take the town of kantan or kantan thus
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linking Utah and Omaha into a single
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continuous Beach Oma and Utah into one
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continuous Beach head each Trooper will
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learn this operation by heart and know
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his and every other outfit's mission to
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00:11:46,720 --> 00:11:51,519
the detail Lieutenant me yes dukeman sir
275
00:11:49,959 --> 00:11:53,320
are we dropping tonight when it's time
276
00:11:51,519 --> 00:11:55,800
for you to know we'll let you know in
277
00:11:53,320 --> 00:11:58,320
the meantime study these sand tables
278
00:11:55,800 --> 00:12:00,920
maps and reconnaissance photos until you
279
00:11:58,320 --> 00:12:02,920
can draw a map of the the area by memory
280
00:12:00,920 --> 00:12:05,839
and we will drop behind this Atlantic
281
00:12:02,920 --> 00:12:08,800
Wall 5 hours before the fourth infantry
282
00:12:05,839 --> 00:12:11,079
lands at Utah now between our assembly
283
00:12:08,800 --> 00:12:13,519
area and the battalion's objective there
284
00:12:11,079 --> 00:12:16,920
is a German Garrison right here in this
285
00:12:13,519 --> 00:12:19,320
area Sam Marie deont easy company will
286
00:12:16,920 --> 00:12:20,480
destroy that Garrison and in this
287
00:12:19,320 --> 00:12:21,880
opening scene we get a pretty good
288
00:12:20,480 --> 00:12:24,800
history lesson on on what was going to
289
00:12:21,880 --> 00:12:27,440
happen on D-Day you get a description of
290
00:12:24,800 --> 00:12:29,839
the five beaches over which the Allies
291
00:12:27,440 --> 00:12:32,600
were hoping to land uh discussion of
292
00:12:29,839 --> 00:12:36,000
German defenses artillery machine gun
293
00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:37,160
nests rifle pits uh that the Allies were
294
00:12:36,000 --> 00:12:38,839
going to be meeting as they tried to
295
00:12:37,160 --> 00:12:40,440
storm up those beaches so the
296
00:12:38,839 --> 00:12:42,399
paratroopers were going to land a few
297
00:12:40,440 --> 00:12:43,399
hours before the Beach Landings they
298
00:12:42,399 --> 00:12:45,440
were going to roam around the
299
00:12:43,399 --> 00:12:49,880
countryside and try and clear the way
300
00:12:45,440 --> 00:12:49,880
for those Beach Landings to take place
301
00:13:06,060 --> 00:13:13,120
[Music]
302
00:13:10,519 --> 00:13:15,600
we then see them in the c47 transport
303
00:13:13,120 --> 00:13:16,760
aircraft it's called a Sky Train uh in
304
00:13:15,600 --> 00:13:19,040
the American
305
00:13:16,760 --> 00:13:20,720
Military they are flying in low there's
306
00:13:19,040 --> 00:13:22,800
lots of turbulence and there's lots of
307
00:13:20,720 --> 00:13:25,079
anti-aircraft fire which is just rocking
308
00:13:22,800 --> 00:13:26,519
those planes those those aircraft they
309
00:13:25,079 --> 00:13:28,519
had to have a lot of guts those those
310
00:13:26,519 --> 00:13:31,040
Pilots you're flying low and straight
311
00:13:28,519 --> 00:13:32,320
you've got to drop the airborne troops
312
00:13:31,040 --> 00:13:34,199
exactly where they're supposed to be
313
00:13:32,320 --> 00:13:37,160
dropped you can't swerve you can't take
314
00:13:34,199 --> 00:13:41,000
diversion reaction otherwise the sticks
315
00:13:37,160 --> 00:13:41,000
of paratroopers will end up all over the
316
00:13:43,470 --> 00:13:49,279
[Music]
317
00:13:46,279 --> 00:13:49,279
countryside
318
00:13:53,360 --> 00:13:59,480
equipment sh for
319
00:13:56,920 --> 00:14:06,040
equipment 9
320
00:13:59,480 --> 00:14:07,540
okay okay 6 okay okay okay okay 2 okay
321
00:14:06,040 --> 00:14:13,059
one
322
00:14:07,540 --> 00:14:13,059
[Music]
323
00:14:25,600 --> 00:14:28,759
okay there's a Hing scene in the
324
00:14:27,560 --> 00:14:30,759
aircraft they're taking phone I've
325
00:14:28,759 --> 00:14:32,040
talked to veterans who say part of them
326
00:14:30,759 --> 00:14:33,399
wanted to get out of the aircraft they
327
00:14:32,040 --> 00:14:34,680
felt it was drawing enemy fire but they
328
00:14:33,399 --> 00:14:36,079
knew that once they jumped out it be out
329
00:14:34,680 --> 00:14:38,040
of the frying pan into the fire so you
330
00:14:36,079 --> 00:14:39,880
sort of you're in two minds whether you
331
00:14:38,040 --> 00:14:42,160
wanted to be in that plane or or be in
332
00:14:39,880 --> 00:14:46,320
the air floating down to the
333
00:14:42,160 --> 00:14:49,320
ground Jesus go let's
334
00:14:46,320 --> 00:14:49,320
go
335
00:14:53,920 --> 00:15:00,000
go as as the signal came they stand up
336
00:14:57,360 --> 00:15:01,440
on the aircraft they clip in into a wire
337
00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:03,000
and they jump out the side of that
338
00:15:01,440 --> 00:15:05,000
aircraft there's a static line that
339
00:15:03,000 --> 00:15:06,759
automatically opens the parachute down
340
00:15:05,000 --> 00:15:08,480
you go you're heavily Laden you've got
341
00:15:06,759 --> 00:15:12,160
ammunition you've got food you've got
342
00:15:08,480 --> 00:15:12,160
all your kits and then you hit the
343
00:15:24,959 --> 00:15:28,519
ground it's pretty unnerving to be a
344
00:15:27,079 --> 00:15:30,839
paratrooper cuz you know you're Landing
345
00:15:28,519 --> 00:15:32,959
Behind Enemy lines You Are by definition
346
00:15:30,839 --> 00:15:34,839
surrounded you're by definition
347
00:15:32,959 --> 00:15:36,519
outnumbered uh you're going to be you'll
348
00:15:34,839 --> 00:15:38,560
be thrown out the back of an aircraft
349
00:15:36,519 --> 00:15:40,319
you might be separated from the rest of
350
00:15:38,560 --> 00:15:42,040
your unit the parachutes are going to
351
00:15:40,319 --> 00:15:43,680
Glide down in different places you're
352
00:15:42,040 --> 00:15:46,120
going to land in enemy territory and you
353
00:15:43,680 --> 00:15:49,639
might be completely by yourself and it's
354
00:15:46,120 --> 00:15:49,639
the middle of the night
355
00:16:01,380 --> 00:16:04,310
[Applause]
356
00:16:01,800 --> 00:16:07,550
[Music]
357
00:16:04,310 --> 00:16:07,550
[Applause]
358
00:16:20,759 --> 00:16:26,639
who's that of winners is that you
359
00:16:31,040 --> 00:16:35,600
any weapons no sir and the key thing
360
00:16:33,120 --> 00:16:37,759
then is then coalescing on the ground
361
00:16:35,600 --> 00:16:38,759
working out where you are hoping you're
362
00:16:37,759 --> 00:16:39,519
you've been dropped where you thought
363
00:16:38,759 --> 00:16:40,720
you're going to be dropped because
364
00:16:39,519 --> 00:16:43,160
you've been through the maps you've been
365
00:16:40,720 --> 00:16:45,120
through training over and over again and
366
00:16:43,160 --> 00:16:47,319
then you try and meet up with your
367
00:16:45,120 --> 00:16:49,360
comrades as they as they've done here
368
00:16:47,319 --> 00:16:50,680
they've found enough of them they've
369
00:16:49,360 --> 00:16:51,759
concentrated together they've got enough
370
00:16:50,680 --> 00:16:53,440
of them to try and carry out some of
371
00:16:51,759 --> 00:16:55,079
their tasks theyve got to work out where
372
00:16:53,440 --> 00:16:57,160
they are they've got to work out where
373
00:16:55,079 --> 00:16:59,000
in this case a German artillery big big
374
00:16:57,160 --> 00:17:00,880
gun basically where that might be
375
00:16:59,000 --> 00:17:04,720
because they want to neutralize that gun
376
00:17:00,880 --> 00:17:04,720
before the troops start landing on the
377
00:17:07,430 --> 00:17:10,569
[Applause]
378
00:17:16,439 --> 00:17:21,240
beach we're about 7 km away from our
379
00:17:19,319 --> 00:17:24,799
objective 4 hours away from when we need
380
00:17:21,240 --> 00:17:27,679
to have it secured so we got a lot of
381
00:17:24,799 --> 00:17:30,120
walking ahead of us you might will stick
382
00:17:27,679 --> 00:17:36,840
with us until we find your
383
00:17:30,120 --> 00:17:36,840
let's go Harry carry on oh easy
384
00:17:38,520 --> 00:17:44,679
company it's good to see you dick yeah
385
00:17:41,600 --> 00:17:46,520
you to BU what's the situation H not
386
00:17:44,679 --> 00:17:47,960
good 90% of the men are still onac
387
00:17:46,520 --> 00:17:50,919
accounted
388
00:17:47,960 --> 00:17:54,280
for me no one seen them or anyone from
389
00:17:50,919 --> 00:17:55,440
this plane you know if he is missing
390
00:17:54,280 --> 00:17:56,720
wouldn't that put you in line to be the
391
00:17:55,440 --> 00:17:59,000
next commander of
392
00:17:56,720 --> 00:18:00,480
e there an important moment we had the
393
00:17:59,000 --> 00:18:02,440
commanding officers missing an action as
394
00:18:00,480 --> 00:18:05,520
so many people were it later turns out
395
00:18:02,440 --> 00:18:08,039
he was actually killed and so liutenant
396
00:18:05,520 --> 00:18:10,600
Richard Winters is asked take command of
397
00:18:08,039 --> 00:18:12,640
easy company's assault and that's the
398
00:18:10,600 --> 00:18:14,159
beginning of an extraordinary command
399
00:18:12,640 --> 00:18:16,840
career for him heading to the right
400
00:18:14,159 --> 00:18:18,880
about what 300 yard up through those
401
00:18:16,840 --> 00:18:21,000
Gardens now they're right between us and
402
00:18:18,880 --> 00:18:23,400
cosway number two firing onto the boys
403
00:18:21,000 --> 00:18:25,880
landing at Utah think he he can handle
404
00:18:23,400 --> 00:18:28,960
it yes sir my guess is they're doing
405
00:18:25,880 --> 00:18:30,919
some terrible damage there
406
00:18:28,960 --> 00:18:33,000
this shows the extraordinary detail that
407
00:18:30,919 --> 00:18:35,000
went to the planning for D-Day there are
408
00:18:33,000 --> 00:18:36,840
small units of men who have specific
409
00:18:35,000 --> 00:18:37,760
jobs to attack individual German
410
00:18:36,840 --> 00:18:42,120
positions this is what they're
411
00:18:37,760 --> 00:18:44,520
discussing here and it's a reminder that
412
00:18:42,120 --> 00:18:46,600
D-Day was this gigantic operation but it
413
00:18:44,520 --> 00:18:49,600
was made up it was the sum of the of
414
00:18:46,600 --> 00:18:51,799
these tiny tiny Parts which collectively
415
00:18:49,600 --> 00:18:55,080
delivered the huge success of D-Day
416
00:18:51,799 --> 00:18:55,080
let's move
417
00:19:07,080 --> 00:19:09,679
what these paratroopers do you see them
418
00:19:08,400 --> 00:19:11,360
wrecking here they've got they can't
419
00:19:09,679 --> 00:19:13,480
just go in guns blazing they're working
420
00:19:11,360 --> 00:19:14,520
out what's happening uh they they
421
00:19:13,480 --> 00:19:15,640
they're working out they're checking
422
00:19:14,520 --> 00:19:16,840
whether the intelligence they've
423
00:19:15,640 --> 00:19:18,799
received before they jumped is actually
424
00:19:16,840 --> 00:19:20,919
correct inevitably things will have
425
00:19:18,799 --> 00:19:23,799
changed things will be different so
426
00:19:20,919 --> 00:19:27,720
they're conducting a a Reon and then
427
00:19:23,799 --> 00:19:27,720
they go in come on
428
00:19:28,010 --> 00:19:31,089
[Music]
429
00:19:51,000 --> 00:19:55,240
it's an astonishing example of this kind
430
00:19:53,000 --> 00:19:57,600
of small unit action and it's still
431
00:19:55,240 --> 00:19:59,440
studied it's still studied in military
432
00:19:57,600 --> 00:20:01,120
acmis it's called the break or Manor
433
00:19:59,440 --> 00:20:02,760
assault and it's it's a classic example
434
00:20:01,120 --> 00:20:05,159
of a small unit assault on a on a on a
435
00:20:02,760 --> 00:20:06,960
fixed position I was actually I've been
436
00:20:05,159 --> 00:20:08,559
on an archaeological dig at break or
437
00:20:06,960 --> 00:20:11,760
Mana but sadly we didn't find anything
438
00:20:08,559 --> 00:20:15,400
at all just an example of just very
439
00:20:11,760 --> 00:20:18,400
highly trained well prepared elite
440
00:20:15,400 --> 00:20:19,799
soldiers moving in and taking an enemy
441
00:20:18,400 --> 00:20:21,480
position and neutralizing the troops
442
00:20:19,799 --> 00:20:22,960
they find there some of the TR some of
443
00:20:21,480 --> 00:20:25,559
the men putting down covering fire
444
00:20:22,960 --> 00:20:27,240
others moving fast so speed aggression
445
00:20:25,559 --> 00:20:30,039
fire all of these things are really
446
00:20:27,240 --> 00:20:33,000
important the men of got rifles they've
447
00:20:30,039 --> 00:20:33,000
got some machine
448
00:20:33,039 --> 00:20:39,360
guns
449
00:20:34,559 --> 00:20:41,559
grenade toy let's go get out of there
450
00:20:39,360 --> 00:20:43,559
get you see one here accidentally
451
00:20:41,559 --> 00:20:45,480
dropping a grenade and that shows just
452
00:20:43,559 --> 00:20:46,679
how dangerous the battlefield was it's
453
00:20:45,480 --> 00:20:49,120
bad enough the enemy trying to kill you
454
00:20:46,679 --> 00:20:52,200
but it's very easy to hurt yourself uh
455
00:20:49,120 --> 00:20:55,320
with your own weapons and those of your
456
00:20:52,200 --> 00:21:00,600
comrades there's the second guy grenades
457
00:20:55,320 --> 00:21:00,600
first then keep going go right
458
00:21:03,760 --> 00:21:06,760
I
459
00:21:15,559 --> 00:21:22,720
okay stay down stay
460
00:21:18,520 --> 00:21:24,200
down C J all right cover for
461
00:21:22,720 --> 00:21:26,880
[Applause]
462
00:21:24,200 --> 00:21:28,240
cover must be doing something right look
463
00:21:26,880 --> 00:21:29,159
God I'm so confused at firing on the
464
00:21:28,240 --> 00:21:30,400
third
465
00:21:29,159 --> 00:21:31,799
we better blow this thing before they
466
00:21:30,400 --> 00:21:33,120
figure out what the hell's happened I'm
467
00:21:31,799 --> 00:21:34,640
going to go and see what's keeping Li
468
00:21:33,120 --> 00:21:36,360
right you see the Germans firing at each
469
00:21:34,640 --> 00:21:38,480
other here this is interesting cuz
470
00:21:36,360 --> 00:21:40,559
battles are inherently confusing there's
471
00:21:38,480 --> 00:21:42,559
lots of noise you sometimes can't see
472
00:21:40,559 --> 00:21:43,799
where the the smokeless cartridge people
473
00:21:42,559 --> 00:21:45,400
using you can't see where the fire is
474
00:21:43,799 --> 00:21:46,640
coming from it's often the case that in
475
00:21:45,400 --> 00:21:48,760
confusion of battle you can end up
476
00:21:46,640 --> 00:21:51,159
sustaining Friendly Fire casualties Blue
477
00:21:48,760 --> 00:21:51,159
on Blue
478
00:21:53,440 --> 00:22:00,000
casualties ready sir I don't have any
479
00:21:56,080 --> 00:22:00,000
way to set it off sir
480
00:22:05,799 --> 00:22:10,400
you see them using the Germans own
481
00:22:07,840 --> 00:22:12,720
grenades here the famous stick grenades
482
00:22:10,400 --> 00:22:15,159
that to destroy the the German artillery
483
00:22:12,720 --> 00:22:17,200
pieces just stick a stick a grenade
484
00:22:15,159 --> 00:22:18,640
right down the barrel uh and that will
485
00:22:17,200 --> 00:22:20,559
be do enough damage to make sure the
486
00:22:18,640 --> 00:22:22,559
artillery piece can't be used the these
487
00:22:20,559 --> 00:22:25,640
are heavy guns these have the ability to
488
00:22:22,559 --> 00:22:27,679
rain down fire shrapnel High explosives
489
00:22:25,640 --> 00:22:29,640
on the beaches it was vital take out
490
00:22:27,679 --> 00:22:32,320
these guns if the Beach Landings were to
491
00:22:29,640 --> 00:22:32,320
have a chance of
492
00:22:40,679 --> 00:22:46,520
success running a little on ammo sir how
493
00:22:44,240 --> 00:22:48,600
about you Maly
494
00:22:46,520 --> 00:22:51,279
okay think you got enough to take the
495
00:22:48,600 --> 00:22:53,600
third gut we'll soon find out dick Maly
496
00:22:51,279 --> 00:22:58,799
let's go toy
497
00:22:53,600 --> 00:22:58,799
cover okay fire in the hole
498
00:23:00,039 --> 00:23:03,400
this is one of the great scenes I think
499
00:23:01,520 --> 00:23:04,679
in in television history they've gone to
500
00:23:03,400 --> 00:23:07,520
enormous lengths to make sure it's
501
00:23:04,679 --> 00:23:09,919
pretty accurate they've put the cast
502
00:23:07,520 --> 00:23:11,279
through the kind of training uh the
503
00:23:09,919 --> 00:23:14,039
Tactical training that these men would
504
00:23:11,279 --> 00:23:16,320
have gone through uh the sound design
505
00:23:14,039 --> 00:23:17,600
the weapons are accurate they fired
506
00:23:16,320 --> 00:23:20,039
World War II weapons to create an
507
00:23:17,600 --> 00:23:22,640
accurate soundscape and it shows the
508
00:23:20,039 --> 00:23:26,120
importance of small units of
509
00:23:22,640 --> 00:23:28,600
well-trained well-led men each playing
510
00:23:26,120 --> 00:23:32,159
their part on D-Day and it's the SU
511
00:23:28,600 --> 00:23:35,279
total of all of those small actions that
512
00:23:32,159 --> 00:23:37,400
meant that D-Day was a success and the
513
00:23:35,279 --> 00:23:38,960
Allies suffered less casualties than
514
00:23:37,400 --> 00:23:44,640
they'd feared when they hit those
515
00:23:38,960 --> 00:23:44,640
beaches okay back to Battalion go go
516
00:23:46,860 --> 00:23:50,010
[Applause]
517
00:23:53,030 --> 00:23:58,170
[Music]
518
00:24:00,250 --> 00:24:07,799
[Music]
519
00:24:05,279 --> 00:24:11,240
masters of the air is a very recent it's
520
00:24:07,799 --> 00:24:13,520
a very good depiction of the experiences
521
00:24:11,240 --> 00:24:15,880
of a group of bombers and air crew
522
00:24:13,520 --> 00:24:17,880
through the second world war I'm glad to
523
00:24:15,880 --> 00:24:19,679
say it does cover D-Day briefly and it's
524
00:24:17,880 --> 00:24:22,080
a really valuable contribution to how
525
00:24:19,679 --> 00:24:24,440
D-Day is portrayed on film and TV it
526
00:24:22,080 --> 00:24:26,520
really adds to our our dramatic picture
527
00:24:24,440 --> 00:24:28,240
of D-Day it's really important to
528
00:24:26,520 --> 00:24:30,039
remember that D-Day wasn't just a naval
529
00:24:28,240 --> 00:24:32,159
op operation even though 7,000 ships and
530
00:24:30,039 --> 00:24:34,200
boats biggest flotilla of all time
531
00:24:32,159 --> 00:24:36,080
biggest Naval operation of all time it
532
00:24:34,200 --> 00:24:37,919
wasn't just an astonishing ground
533
00:24:36,080 --> 00:24:39,880
assault as those soldiers charge up the
534
00:24:37,919 --> 00:24:42,600
beach and into the into the the fields
535
00:24:39,880 --> 00:24:44,799
Beyond it's also a hugely important
536
00:24:42,600 --> 00:24:46,360
moment aviation history the skies above
537
00:24:44,799 --> 00:24:48,200
were absolutely filled with aircraft it
538
00:24:46,360 --> 00:24:50,000
was the biggest day of Aviation activity
539
00:24:48,200 --> 00:24:53,039
of the war to that point in fact in
540
00:24:50,000 --> 00:24:55,760
human history to that point over 10,000
541
00:24:53,039 --> 00:24:58,720
sorties of bombers of interceptors of
542
00:24:55,760 --> 00:25:01,000
fighter bombers and you do get a sense
543
00:24:58,720 --> 00:25:02,600
in master of the air of the massive
544
00:25:01,000 --> 00:25:04,240
amounts of planning that go into that
545
00:25:02,600 --> 00:25:06,440
and it's based on a book by Donald
546
00:25:04,240 --> 00:25:10,159
Miller it follows the H 100th bomber
547
00:25:06,440 --> 00:25:12,720
group they flew flying fortresses now B7
548
00:25:10,159 --> 00:25:14,960
flying fortresses were flying during the
549
00:25:12,720 --> 00:25:16,840
day at this stage the the RAF the
550
00:25:14,960 --> 00:25:19,120
British RAF with their Lancaster bombers
551
00:25:16,840 --> 00:25:21,120
their heavy bombers flew at night the
552
00:25:19,120 --> 00:25:23,200
Americans were trying to fly during the
553
00:25:21,120 --> 00:25:24,399
day they were taking terrible casualties
554
00:25:23,200 --> 00:25:26,080
in doing so but they thought it
555
00:25:24,399 --> 00:25:28,890
increased their likelihood of actually
556
00:25:26,080 --> 00:25:35,329
hitting their intended targets
557
00:25:28,890 --> 00:25:35,329
[Music]
558
00:25:35,720 --> 00:25:43,360
556 to 557 a.m. on June 3rd
559
00:25:39,679 --> 00:25:43,360
1944 3 Days To
560
00:25:44,480 --> 00:25:50,240
D-Day the last minute of sleep I'll get
561
00:25:46,919 --> 00:25:52,480
for 72 hours our job was to bomb the
562
00:25:50,240 --> 00:25:54,880
German defenses in Normandy only minutes
563
00:25:52,480 --> 00:25:56,640
before the landing craft hit the beaches
564
00:25:54,880 --> 00:25:59,120
and then spend the day hitting German
565
00:25:56,640 --> 00:26:00,159
Bridges railroads and communic a lines
566
00:25:59,120 --> 00:26:03,720
further
567
00:26:00,159 --> 00:26:05,840
Inland about 200 missions in total all
568
00:26:03,720 --> 00:26:06,799
needing flight plans and Maps we see one
569
00:26:05,840 --> 00:26:08,440
of the main characters here is a
570
00:26:06,799 --> 00:26:10,880
navigator called Harry Crosby and he's
571
00:26:08,440 --> 00:26:13,120
preparing for D-Day by plotting all the
572
00:26:10,880 --> 00:26:14,600
different bombing routes that the b7s
573
00:26:13,120 --> 00:26:15,840
would take there are pretty heavy
574
00:26:14,600 --> 00:26:18,000
bombers they're focused on destroying
575
00:26:15,840 --> 00:26:20,279
the railroads the bridges what they want
576
00:26:18,000 --> 00:26:22,799
to do was stop the Germans rushing
577
00:26:20,279 --> 00:26:23,960
reinforcements to those D-Day beaches
578
00:26:22,799 --> 00:26:25,640
and this one of the most successful
579
00:26:23,960 --> 00:26:27,720
bomber offenses of the war was just
580
00:26:25,640 --> 00:26:31,880
smashing uh this infrastructure in
581
00:26:27,720 --> 00:26:33,880
France you need to sleep Cy yeah when
582
00:26:31,880 --> 00:26:36,279
the mission's over the planners don't
583
00:26:33,880 --> 00:26:37,679
tend to be the ones who we remember uh
584
00:26:36,279 --> 00:26:39,080
they don't tend to be the ones who we
585
00:26:37,679 --> 00:26:41,240
celebrate their heroism they didn't
586
00:26:39,080 --> 00:26:43,640
necessarily charge up the beach and and
587
00:26:41,240 --> 00:26:45,240
take German positions at Bayonet Point
588
00:26:43,640 --> 00:26:48,640
but without that planning without that
589
00:26:45,240 --> 00:26:50,159
gigantic meticulous preparation D-Day
590
00:26:48,640 --> 00:26:52,320
wouldn't have been
591
00:26:50,159 --> 00:26:54,279
possible just as I'd finished mapping
592
00:26:52,320 --> 00:26:57,679
the route for one Mission operations
593
00:26:54,279 --> 00:27:00,240
handed down five more all high priority
594
00:26:57,679 --> 00:27:00,240
targets
595
00:27:03,120 --> 00:27:08,440
the lack of sleep the coffee the uppers
596
00:27:05,480 --> 00:27:11,399
the stress the fear the
597
00:27:08,440 --> 00:27:13,039
disconnect that's a drug in itself he
598
00:27:11,399 --> 00:27:14,840
stays up we see him staying up three
599
00:27:13,039 --> 00:27:17,640
straight days to plot the roots and and
600
00:27:14,840 --> 00:27:20,360
he actually has to abuse medication to
601
00:27:17,640 --> 00:27:22,520
keep awake this is not unrealistic I've
602
00:27:20,360 --> 00:27:24,080
I've talked to people who who would take
603
00:27:22,520 --> 00:27:27,000
what primitive amphetamin and things to
604
00:27:24,080 --> 00:27:28,880
stay awake to to boost their awareness
605
00:27:27,000 --> 00:27:30,559
of the military situation it just shows
606
00:27:28,880 --> 00:27:33,320
the hard work the dedication the
607
00:27:30,559 --> 00:27:35,320
sacrifice that even the planners put in
608
00:27:33,320 --> 00:27:38,320
as they're preparing for one of the uh
609
00:27:35,320 --> 00:27:40,120
well the largest amphibious invasion in
610
00:27:38,320 --> 00:27:42,600
military history to that
611
00:27:40,120 --> 00:27:45,720
point you have to go to sleep no no no
612
00:27:42,600 --> 00:27:47,960
no no I'm fine I just got to the brief
613
00:27:45,720 --> 00:27:52,960
go to bed cross that's an order now I
614
00:27:47,960 --> 00:27:54,960
can't do it Jack crossby I'm fine truly
615
00:27:52,960 --> 00:27:57,960
just a couple more things I got to get
616
00:27:54,960 --> 00:27:57,960
going
617
00:28:01,519 --> 00:28:04,880
I was wondering if you'd ever wake
618
00:28:05,200 --> 00:28:12,519
up what time is it
619
00:28:10,000 --> 00:28:17,120
7:30
620
00:28:12,519 --> 00:28:20,480
7:30 [ __ ] it's still time there still
621
00:28:17,120 --> 00:28:24,000
Time come on God damn
622
00:28:20,480 --> 00:28:27,760
it 7:30 Saturday morning
623
00:28:24,000 --> 00:28:29,600
CR huh you've been out of it for 3 Days
624
00:28:27,760 --> 00:28:31,200
having done on the plan he passes out
625
00:28:29,600 --> 00:28:34,039
he's exhausted he comes around after
626
00:28:31,200 --> 00:28:37,039
D-Day and he's told how it went CR you
627
00:28:34,039 --> 00:28:39,880
missed so much I did three sorties but I
628
00:28:37,039 --> 00:28:42,519
couldn't see any anything for the first
629
00:28:39,880 --> 00:28:44,640
two and then the clouds
630
00:28:42,519 --> 00:28:47,559
parted
631
00:28:44,640 --> 00:28:51,440
and you've never seen anything like
632
00:28:47,559 --> 00:28:53,679
it hundreds of ships thousands of men
633
00:28:51,440 --> 00:28:56,480
for the third time that day we hit
634
00:28:53,679 --> 00:28:58,159
Bridges Rail Yards communication centers
635
00:28:56,480 --> 00:29:01,080
so the Germans weren't able to bring up
636
00:28:58,159 --> 00:29:03,399
any reinforcements and the best part
637
00:29:01,080 --> 00:29:05,679
there wasn't a single lwfa fighter in
638
00:29:03,399 --> 00:29:07,000
the air and the pilot Robert rosenal
639
00:29:05,679 --> 00:29:08,960
accurately you know says there were
640
00:29:07,000 --> 00:29:10,440
virtually no lar for aircraft at D-Day
641
00:29:08,960 --> 00:29:12,840
there's you know there's I think
642
00:29:10,440 --> 00:29:15,320
something like 11,000 Allied planes in
643
00:29:12,840 --> 00:29:17,840
aircraft D-Day there were low hundreds
644
00:29:15,320 --> 00:29:19,840
of lfar for aircraft and this wonderful
645
00:29:17,840 --> 00:29:22,080
scene here you see the scale of the
646
00:29:19,840 --> 00:29:23,720
invasion you see bombers going overhead
647
00:29:22,080 --> 00:29:26,120
you see Fighters moving in small groups
648
00:29:23,720 --> 00:29:28,640
in between you see ships and boats
649
00:29:26,120 --> 00:29:31,360
crowding the beaches uh you see men and
650
00:29:28,640 --> 00:29:33,039
Munitions and vehicles going ashore that
651
00:29:31,360 --> 00:29:35,120
was that is a wonderful depiction D I
652
00:29:33,039 --> 00:29:37,640
talked to one Australian veteran who
653
00:29:35,120 --> 00:29:39,720
flew a Spitfire up and down the beaches
654
00:29:37,640 --> 00:29:41,600
twice once at dawn once at sunset on
655
00:29:39,720 --> 00:29:42,440
D-Day and I bet that's what he would
656
00:29:41,600 --> 00:29:49,579
have
657
00:29:42,440 --> 00:29:49,579
[Music]
658
00:29:51,880 --> 00:29:55,519
seen next up I want to check out the
659
00:29:54,000 --> 00:29:59,480
longest day the
660
00:29:55,519 --> 00:30:01,600
1962 epic a gig gantic movie it's one of
661
00:29:59,480 --> 00:30:03,919
the longest movies as well and it's
662
00:30:01,600 --> 00:30:05,399
based on a a wonderful non-fiction book
663
00:30:03,919 --> 00:30:08,039
by Cornelius Ryan that I remember
664
00:30:05,399 --> 00:30:09,880
reading as a as a as a young student
665
00:30:08,039 --> 00:30:12,000
it's all about D-Day and they go to
666
00:30:09,880 --> 00:30:13,840
Great Lengths to make sure that all the
667
00:30:12,000 --> 00:30:15,720
different contributions to D-Day are
668
00:30:13,840 --> 00:30:17,080
recognized the movie depicts D-Day from
669
00:30:15,720 --> 00:30:18,200
All Sorts different perspectives from
670
00:30:17,080 --> 00:30:19,679
the point of view of the Brits from the
671
00:30:18,200 --> 00:30:21,679
point of view of the the Germans from
672
00:30:19,679 --> 00:30:23,559
the the Americans the French civilians
673
00:30:21,679 --> 00:30:25,039
the French Resistance it's it's all
674
00:30:23,559 --> 00:30:26,720
included in that you also get the
675
00:30:25,039 --> 00:30:28,799
experience of the men on the front line
676
00:30:26,720 --> 00:30:31,240
and also the decision makers the people
677
00:30:28,799 --> 00:30:33,480
in high command it was also quite daring
678
00:30:31,240 --> 00:30:34,919
in that it showed people speaking their
679
00:30:33,480 --> 00:30:36,720
their their native language their actual
680
00:30:34,919 --> 00:30:39,360
languages so the Germans speak German
681
00:30:36,720 --> 00:30:41,240
the French speak French the Brits speak
682
00:30:39,360 --> 00:30:44,279
British and the Americans certainly
683
00:30:41,240 --> 00:30:45,519
speak American it paid off it won two
684
00:30:44,279 --> 00:30:48,440
Oscar I think it was and became the
685
00:30:45,519 --> 00:30:49,919
highest grossing black and white film uh
686
00:30:48,440 --> 00:30:52,799
at that
687
00:30:49,919 --> 00:30:55,000
time
688
00:30:52,799 --> 00:30:57,120
this is
689
00:30:55,000 --> 00:30:59,679
rert I like this scene here because it
690
00:30:57,120 --> 00:31:02,799
shows a D day that's easy to forget the
691
00:30:59,679 --> 00:31:05,120
importance of deception they had to
692
00:31:02,799 --> 00:31:06,240
trick the Germans they did not want the
693
00:31:05,120 --> 00:31:07,000
Germans to realize where they're going
694
00:31:06,240 --> 00:31:08,919
to land because then they could
695
00:31:07,000 --> 00:31:10,519
reinforce those beaches and make it very
696
00:31:08,919 --> 00:31:12,679
difficult dangerous to land there were
697
00:31:10,519 --> 00:31:14,279
all sorts of different ways in which
698
00:31:12,679 --> 00:31:16,480
they encouraged the Germans to believe
699
00:31:14,279 --> 00:31:19,919
that the landings would happen largely
700
00:31:16,480 --> 00:31:22,639
in Cal which is to the north of Normandy
701
00:31:19,919 --> 00:31:24,360
they created a massive entirely fake
702
00:31:22,639 --> 00:31:25,440
Army group in southeast England to
703
00:31:24,360 --> 00:31:27,919
convince the Germans they were going to
704
00:31:25,440 --> 00:31:29,799
attack from dova to Cal they used double
705
00:31:27,919 --> 00:31:31,760
agents to feed their German handlers
706
00:31:29,799 --> 00:31:34,760
with all sorts of misinformation and on
707
00:31:31,760 --> 00:31:37,240
the night itself they used dummies parad
708
00:31:34,760 --> 00:31:39,200
dummies which were known as rets some of
709
00:31:37,240 --> 00:31:41,480
them had sort of firecrackers on them
710
00:31:39,200 --> 00:31:44,600
and they threw these rets out all over
711
00:31:41,480 --> 00:31:47,000
SES of Northwest France to try and just
712
00:31:44,600 --> 00:31:48,480
confuse the Germans to to leave them
713
00:31:47,000 --> 00:31:52,799
guessing where the actual Landings were
714
00:31:48,480 --> 00:31:52,799
going to take place and to divert their
715
00:31:54,200 --> 00:31:58,639
forces so there they are dropping their
716
00:31:56,480 --> 00:32:01,679
rets my
717
00:31:58,639 --> 00:32:03,880
do your duty for god king and your
718
00:32:01,679 --> 00:32:06,240
country you can see the canopies look
719
00:32:03,880 --> 00:32:08,639
like real paratroopers are coming down
720
00:32:06,240 --> 00:32:10,440
um you've got the firecrackers going off
721
00:32:08,639 --> 00:32:12,320
it's easy to see why they were so
722
00:32:10,440 --> 00:32:14,919
successful actually in decoying the
723
00:32:12,320 --> 00:32:14,919
Germans and they
724
00:32:15,440 --> 00:32:20,200
did there accounts during the night of
725
00:32:18,080 --> 00:32:21,600
German units charging off in completely
726
00:32:20,200 --> 00:32:23,279
the wrong direction so it worked
727
00:32:21,600 --> 00:32:26,000
beautifully alongside all the other
728
00:32:23,279 --> 00:32:27,600
deception campaigns that took place so
729
00:32:26,000 --> 00:32:30,799
German High command through the night
730
00:32:27,600 --> 00:32:32,840
through the early hours of June the 6th
731
00:32:30,799 --> 00:32:35,120
they're getting reports from a great s
732
00:32:32,840 --> 00:32:37,000
of Northwest France talking about
733
00:32:35,120 --> 00:32:38,399
parachute Landings it's impossible to
734
00:32:37,000 --> 00:32:41,240
know which ones are real which ones
735
00:32:38,399 --> 00:32:41,240
weren't it was very
736
00:32:42,080 --> 00:32:46,200
distracting well you're as ready as we
737
00:32:44,399 --> 00:32:48,760
can make
738
00:32:46,200 --> 00:32:52,679
you this 5cent
739
00:32:48,760 --> 00:32:54,919
toy it wasn't issue do you for Laughs
740
00:32:52,679 --> 00:32:56,159
May save your life now this is a really
741
00:32:54,919 --> 00:32:57,880
interesting scene you see the real
742
00:32:56,159 --> 00:32:59,080
Airborne the real paratroopers here this
743
00:32:57,880 --> 00:33:00,240
point they're being briefed about a very
744
00:32:59,080 --> 00:33:01,919
simple piece of kit that they're going
745
00:33:00,240 --> 00:33:03,799
to be issued with it's like a a kid's
746
00:33:01,919 --> 00:33:05,200
toy it's a it's like a piece of metal
747
00:33:03,799 --> 00:33:08,600
that just gives a click it's a little
748
00:33:05,200 --> 00:33:09,639
clicker one click is to be answered by
749
00:33:08,600 --> 00:33:11,760
two
750
00:33:09,639 --> 00:33:14,039
clicks you can still buy them today my
751
00:33:11,760 --> 00:33:16,679
kids drive me crazy with them and they
752
00:33:14,039 --> 00:33:17,919
help you identify yourself to anyone
753
00:33:16,679 --> 00:33:19,360
else you meet on the ground they're
754
00:33:17,919 --> 00:33:20,639
going to be landing on the ground
755
00:33:19,360 --> 00:33:21,720
they'll have jumped out of an aircraft
756
00:33:20,639 --> 00:33:22,840
they're going to be a bit dazed they're
757
00:33:21,720 --> 00:33:24,799
going to be bewildered there could be
758
00:33:22,840 --> 00:33:26,480
enemy fire you're going to be spread out
759
00:33:24,799 --> 00:33:28,279
across the French Countryside and hedges
760
00:33:26,480 --> 00:33:31,279
and streams and Woodland and with the
761
00:33:28,279 --> 00:33:33,799
clicker you can identify who is a fellow
762
00:33:31,279 --> 00:33:35,200
American paratrooper and so these were
763
00:33:33,799 --> 00:33:36,720
really important rather than shouting
764
00:33:35,200 --> 00:33:38,720
out and identifying your position and
765
00:33:36,720 --> 00:33:40,440
bringing down enemy fire on yourself you
766
00:33:38,720 --> 00:33:41,799
would just click and if you received a
767
00:33:40,440 --> 00:33:43,279
click in return you knew there was a
768
00:33:41,799 --> 00:33:45,440
friendly paratrooper there you can meet
769
00:33:43,279 --> 00:33:47,559
up with them and start to carry out your
770
00:33:45,440 --> 00:33:49,760
mission
771
00:33:47,559 --> 00:33:51,919
together and you can see here now this
772
00:33:49,760 --> 00:33:54,919
paratrooper is on the ground he's
773
00:33:51,919 --> 00:33:54,919
clicking
774
00:33:58,799 --> 00:34:05,399
he clicks once two clicks back big smile
775
00:34:01,519 --> 00:34:05,399
on his face he knows he's found a
776
00:34:07,320 --> 00:34:12,240
friend two clicks I heard two
777
00:34:13,399 --> 00:34:18,159
clicks on this occasion as you can see
778
00:34:15,399 --> 00:34:21,480
gets it wrong because the sound of the
779
00:34:18,159 --> 00:34:21,480
German operating that
780
00:34:21,560 --> 00:34:26,560
bolt is the same as as a
781
00:34:24,399 --> 00:34:28,200
clicker now we get a depiction of one of
782
00:34:26,560 --> 00:34:31,119
the most famous one of the most
783
00:34:28,200 --> 00:34:32,960
celebrated actions on D-Day it's just
784
00:34:31,119 --> 00:34:34,919
after midnight these will be the first
785
00:34:32,960 --> 00:34:36,919
Boots the first Allied boots to touch
786
00:34:34,919 --> 00:34:40,280
the ground on the 6th of June on D-Day
787
00:34:36,919 --> 00:34:42,839
itself it's an Airborne assault these
788
00:34:40,280 --> 00:34:46,040
are airborne troops soldiers and
789
00:34:42,839 --> 00:34:47,839
Engineers carried in gliders so not
790
00:34:46,040 --> 00:34:49,760
parachuting but carried in gliders that
791
00:34:47,839 --> 00:34:52,280
as you can see are being towed they're
792
00:34:49,760 --> 00:34:54,040
being towed by those bombers that cable
793
00:34:52,280 --> 00:34:57,320
will be cut at one point and they will
794
00:34:54,040 --> 00:34:59,960
Glide in to land hopefully right next to
795
00:34:57,320 --> 00:35:02,720
key bridges over the Kong canal and the
796
00:34:59,960 --> 00:35:05,200
river or which link the city of K with
797
00:35:02,720 --> 00:35:07,520
the sea now those that canal and river
798
00:35:05,200 --> 00:35:09,400
system will be the Eastern flank of
799
00:35:07,520 --> 00:35:11,839
Allied Landings at D-Day you need to
800
00:35:09,400 --> 00:35:13,839
make sure that you've seized any bridges
801
00:35:11,839 --> 00:35:15,400
over those rivers and canals because
802
00:35:13,839 --> 00:35:17,440
otherwise the Germans could use them so
803
00:35:15,400 --> 00:35:19,440
by seizing those bridges you're securing
804
00:35:17,440 --> 00:35:21,839
Your Flank and this unit of the
805
00:35:19,440 --> 00:35:24,240
Oxfordshire and buckinghamshire like
806
00:35:21,839 --> 00:35:26,079
infantry are heading in on those gliders
807
00:35:24,240 --> 00:35:29,800
to do just that here you can see the
808
00:35:26,079 --> 00:35:32,800
gliders Crossing the French coast and
809
00:35:29,800 --> 00:35:35,440
then the bombers release the cable and
810
00:35:32,800 --> 00:35:37,160
the gliders are are flying themselves
811
00:35:35,440 --> 00:35:40,079
and this is one of the most outstanding
812
00:35:37,160 --> 00:35:41,230
acts of piloting at any point of the
813
00:35:40,079 --> 00:35:44,329
second world
814
00:35:41,230 --> 00:35:44,329
[Music]
815
00:35:44,440 --> 00:35:48,359
war the ox and bux light infantry
816
00:35:46,880 --> 00:35:50,720
trained and trained and trained till the
817
00:35:48,359 --> 00:35:53,319
men were sick of it their Commander maor
818
00:35:50,720 --> 00:35:54,680
John Howard really drove them hard he
819
00:35:53,319 --> 00:35:56,000
wanted everyone to know exactly the
820
00:35:54,680 --> 00:35:57,839
layout of the terrain they were trying
821
00:35:56,000 --> 00:35:59,880
to seize the layout of the bridges the
822
00:35:57,839 --> 00:36:01,240
German defensive positions so that when
823
00:35:59,880 --> 00:36:03,040
they landed it just be like muscle
824
00:36:01,240 --> 00:36:05,280
memory they they would be doing it
825
00:36:03,040 --> 00:36:07,079
almost on remote control and and the
826
00:36:05,280 --> 00:36:08,839
result was an enormous success you see
827
00:36:07,079 --> 00:36:10,079
the glider coming in to land there you
828
00:36:08,839 --> 00:36:12,720
see the bridge actually through the
829
00:36:10,079 --> 00:36:15,119
cockpit Windows they land just a couple
830
00:36:12,720 --> 00:36:16,800
of meters away from their targets it's
831
00:36:15,119 --> 00:36:18,599
one of the most text bit of Airborne
832
00:36:16,800 --> 00:36:20,880
operation in history you don't give the
833
00:36:18,599 --> 00:36:22,960
German Defenders any time to repair
834
00:36:20,880 --> 00:36:25,160
because you land right on top of them
835
00:36:22,960 --> 00:36:27,000
when within seconds the airborne troops
836
00:36:25,160 --> 00:36:29,240
were on the bridge benville bridge which
837
00:36:27,000 --> 00:36:31,280
is uh which was code named Pegasus
838
00:36:29,240 --> 00:36:34,599
bridge for this Mission uh and they've
839
00:36:31,280 --> 00:36:34,599
managed to drive back the German
840
00:36:39,280 --> 00:36:43,400
Defenders the first Allied Soldier
841
00:36:41,200 --> 00:36:45,880
killed on D-Day Den BRD is killed on
842
00:36:43,400 --> 00:36:48,560
that bridge minutes after midnight on
843
00:36:45,880 --> 00:36:48,560
June the 6th
844
00:36:52,839 --> 00:36:56,240
1944 you can see them removing the
845
00:36:54,839 --> 00:36:58,280
charges they didn't want the Germans to
846
00:36:56,240 --> 00:36:59,920
blow up that bridge so they remove the
847
00:36:58,280 --> 00:37:01,760
charges from the bridge as quickly as
848
00:36:59,920 --> 00:37:03,400
they can so the so the Allied troops are
849
00:37:01,760 --> 00:37:04,920
able to use it the movie does a really
850
00:37:03,400 --> 00:37:06,160
good job you can still go to that cafe
851
00:37:04,920 --> 00:37:07,880
on the far side of the bridge and the
852
00:37:06,160 --> 00:37:09,960
owner of that Cafe was actually feeding
853
00:37:07,880 --> 00:37:13,160
intelligence back to the British to make
854
00:37:09,960 --> 00:37:15,440
sure that attack went as well as it did
855
00:37:13,160 --> 00:37:20,079
Sir all the demolition charges have been
856
00:37:15,440 --> 00:37:22,920
removed it's all clear good Coral Smith
857
00:37:20,079 --> 00:37:25,680
huh send out the success code wordss
858
00:37:22,920 --> 00:37:25,680
keep sending un
859
00:37:25,720 --> 00:37:29,520
acknowledged here
860
00:37:29,720 --> 00:37:35,119
Bri
861
00:37:31,920 --> 00:37:37,400
here the
862
00:37:35,119 --> 00:37:39,760
inv
863
00:37:37,400 --> 00:37:41,400
yeah so this is an interesting scene
864
00:37:39,760 --> 00:37:43,480
suddenly you're away from the front line
865
00:37:41,400 --> 00:37:45,640
the mud and the grit of the battlefield
866
00:37:43,480 --> 00:37:47,480
and you're in a beautiful French shatow
867
00:37:45,640 --> 00:37:49,319
this is where the German headquarters
868
00:37:47,480 --> 00:37:51,480
would have been various Shadows dotted
869
00:37:49,319 --> 00:37:53,400
around northern France and you see them
870
00:37:51,480 --> 00:37:56,119
wrestling with exactly what is going on
871
00:37:53,400 --> 00:37:58,920
here is this the invasion is this a
872
00:37:56,119 --> 00:38:00,680
diversion is it a
873
00:37:58,920 --> 00:38:02,359
you see this German general saying we
874
00:38:00,680 --> 00:38:04,359
believe the attack is coming at the pad
875
00:38:02,359 --> 00:38:06,480
Cal that's up in Cal further to the
876
00:38:04,359 --> 00:38:07,960
north where where the English Channel is
877
00:38:06,480 --> 00:38:09,760
narrowest it makes sense the attack
878
00:38:07,960 --> 00:38:12,480
would come across the channel there
879
00:38:09,760 --> 00:38:15,160
there's only 22 25 miles of sea there
880
00:38:12,480 --> 00:38:15,160
but instead they
881
00:38:20,240 --> 00:38:25,839
attack this gets us to the Nu this is
882
00:38:22,720 --> 00:38:28,040
one of the big moments of D-Day Hitler
883
00:38:25,839 --> 00:38:30,079
had demanded that only he
884
00:38:28,040 --> 00:38:32,839
was able to release the reserves he had
885
00:38:30,079 --> 00:38:34,800
to give specific permission for these
886
00:38:32,839 --> 00:38:37,359
Elite German armored units particularly
887
00:38:34,800 --> 00:38:40,040
these tank Panza units to move towards
888
00:38:37,359 --> 00:38:40,040
any Allied
889
00:38:49,319 --> 00:38:52,599
Landings he says to himself an invasion
890
00:38:51,560 --> 00:38:55,280
of Normandy would be against all
891
00:38:52,599 --> 00:38:57,000
military logic it's further from Paris
892
00:38:55,280 --> 00:39:00,160
it's further from Britain and the supply
893
00:38:57,000 --> 00:39:02,040
depos in Britain but that's exactly why
894
00:39:00,160 --> 00:39:03,359
the Allies decided to go to Normandy
895
00:39:02,040 --> 00:39:04,960
there's an old saying in amphibious
896
00:39:03,359 --> 00:39:06,839
Warfare always go where your enemy
897
00:39:04,960 --> 00:39:08,480
aren't and although there were German
898
00:39:06,839 --> 00:39:10,440
defense in Normandy they weren't as
899
00:39:08,480 --> 00:39:13,440
extensive as the defenses Elsewhere on
900
00:39:10,440 --> 00:39:15,599
the French coast and so the Allies even
901
00:39:13,440 --> 00:39:17,720
though it was much harder logistically
902
00:39:15,599 --> 00:39:19,000
much more challenging they went to
903
00:39:17,720 --> 00:39:20,560
Normandy because they stood a greater
904
00:39:19,000 --> 00:39:23,560
chance of success and they tricked the
905
00:39:20,560 --> 00:39:23,560
Germans
906
00:39:30,400 --> 00:39:33,760
General yodel one of the most senior
907
00:39:31,960 --> 00:39:35,520
figures in the German High command he
908
00:39:33,760 --> 00:39:38,440
says the fur has taken a sedative we now
909
00:39:35,520 --> 00:39:40,319
know years later that Adolf Hitler was
910
00:39:38,440 --> 00:39:43,240
heavily dependent on drugs to sleep to
911
00:39:40,319 --> 00:39:44,760
get up uh and so his personal habits
912
00:39:43,240 --> 00:39:46,040
were now having a major impact on the
913
00:39:44,760 --> 00:39:48,319
course of the war because he'd gone to
914
00:39:46,040 --> 00:39:51,880
bed very late he'd taken a sedative and
915
00:39:48,319 --> 00:39:51,880
no everyone was too scared to wake him
916
00:39:53,760 --> 00:39:57,839
up they were very nervous this was a
917
00:39:55,880 --> 00:39:59,520
raid it was a diversionary attack if
918
00:39:57,839 --> 00:40:00,800
they sent the panzas to the coast then
919
00:39:59,520 --> 00:40:02,280
perhaps the Allies would land somewhere
920
00:40:00,800 --> 00:40:04,119
else they should have immediately
921
00:40:02,280 --> 00:40:05,359
realized this was the main assault the
922
00:40:04,119 --> 00:40:09,400
Allies were never going to launch
923
00:40:05,359 --> 00:40:09,400
something on this scale as a
924
00:40:16,520 --> 00:40:20,359
diversion
925
00:40:18,119 --> 00:40:22,520
that's and these are senior officers
926
00:40:20,359 --> 00:40:24,319
much Clos to the front line in France
927
00:40:22,520 --> 00:40:29,079
itself who know that they cannot
928
00:40:24,319 --> 00:40:29,079
Counterattack until the fur has woken up
929
00:40:38,079 --> 00:40:40,640
he says we're going to lose the war
930
00:40:39,280 --> 00:40:42,000
because the F has taken as sleeping
931
00:40:40,640 --> 00:40:43,599
people I think that slightly exaggerates
932
00:40:42,000 --> 00:40:46,680
it but it certainly didn't help the
933
00:40:43,599 --> 00:40:50,240
German response that their High command
934
00:40:46,680 --> 00:40:51,560
was so immobilized in these key hours
935
00:40:50,240 --> 00:40:53,200
admittedly when the panzas did get
936
00:40:51,560 --> 00:40:55,480
rolling when the German armor did get
937
00:40:53,200 --> 00:40:57,839
rolling they were then smashed by Allied
938
00:40:55,480 --> 00:40:59,240
Aviation so the the fear of being asleep
939
00:40:57,839 --> 00:41:01,800
wasn't the only problem that the Germans
940
00:40:59,240 --> 00:41:01,800
faced at this
941
00:41:11,880 --> 00:41:16,119
point I enjoyed this scene here we're on
942
00:41:14,000 --> 00:41:19,079
the beach The Landings have been had
943
00:41:16,119 --> 00:41:20,680
enjoyed some success um there's armor
944
00:41:19,079 --> 00:41:22,640
there are troops moving up trying to get
945
00:41:20,680 --> 00:41:23,920
in land and they're using carrier
946
00:41:22,640 --> 00:41:26,720
pigeons here they're using messenger
947
00:41:23,920 --> 00:41:30,680
pigeons which is fun going the wrong way
948
00:41:26,720 --> 00:41:34,400
not God Germans you idiots the other way
949
00:41:30,680 --> 00:41:35,599
the other way damn traitors they call
950
00:41:34,400 --> 00:41:37,359
them traitors they're flying the wrong
951
00:41:35,599 --> 00:41:38,920
way but it is a really important
952
00:41:37,359 --> 00:41:40,680
reminder of how difficult it was to
953
00:41:38,920 --> 00:41:42,520
communicate on D-Day or indeed any
954
00:41:40,680 --> 00:41:44,480
battle in this period but D-Day in
955
00:41:42,520 --> 00:41:46,520
particular a lot of the radio sets were
956
00:41:44,480 --> 00:41:49,680
damaged by salt water on their way to
957
00:41:46,520 --> 00:41:52,560
the shore uh it was just radio itself
958
00:41:49,680 --> 00:41:55,839
was in its infancy so so communication
959
00:41:52,560 --> 00:41:57,319
was hard and there were various ways
960
00:41:55,839 --> 00:41:59,440
that the troops on Shore were trying to
961
00:41:57,319 --> 00:42:01,720
used to communicate with troops further
962
00:41:59,440 --> 00:42:03,240
out to sea or with uh naval ships that
963
00:42:01,720 --> 00:42:04,960
were firing gunfire and support for
964
00:42:03,240 --> 00:42:06,800
example they were flashing lights they
965
00:42:04,960 --> 00:42:09,480
were using wireless radio sets they were
966
00:42:06,800 --> 00:42:10,560
sending pigeons nowadays we assume that
967
00:42:09,480 --> 00:42:12,359
everyone could talk to everyone all the
968
00:42:10,560 --> 00:42:15,520
time it's all very networked but back
969
00:42:12,359 --> 00:42:17,640
then it was very very difficult to
970
00:42:15,520 --> 00:42:19,119
communicate we see a really important
971
00:42:17,640 --> 00:42:21,520
and celebrated part of the D-Day story
972
00:42:19,119 --> 00:42:22,960
here we see the assault on point to Hawk
973
00:42:21,520 --> 00:42:24,559
uh it was carried out by the second
974
00:42:22,960 --> 00:42:26,200
ranger battalion they were taken there
975
00:42:24,559 --> 00:42:28,240
in British landing craft and their job
976
00:42:26,200 --> 00:42:30,800
was to scale these really steep Cliffs
977
00:42:28,240 --> 00:42:32,880
precipitous Cliffs and capture big
978
00:42:30,800 --> 00:42:34,559
German guns which they thought were on
979
00:42:32,880 --> 00:42:36,160
top which were capable of firing right
980
00:42:34,559 --> 00:42:38,160
the way along the coast and bring Omaha
981
00:42:36,160 --> 00:42:40,200
for example Under Fire so they thought
982
00:42:38,160 --> 00:42:42,200
that they had to scale these Cliffs they
983
00:42:40,200 --> 00:42:43,440
had to take this position you see from
984
00:42:42,200 --> 00:42:45,079
this realistic portrayal of the
985
00:42:43,440 --> 00:42:47,880
landscape it is we're talking real
986
00:42:45,079 --> 00:42:50,359
Cliffs here and they use grappling hooks
987
00:42:47,880 --> 00:42:53,040
fired from rocket launchers and they
988
00:42:50,359 --> 00:42:55,359
also borrowed or took 100 foot long
989
00:42:53,040 --> 00:42:57,319
ladders from the London fire brigade to
990
00:42:55,359 --> 00:42:59,800
get up these Cliffs and it was
991
00:42:57,319 --> 00:43:03,000
astonishing astonishing operation from
992
00:42:59,800 --> 00:43:03,000
an particularly Elite
993
00:43:06,520 --> 00:43:10,920
unit uh these Rangers managed to make it
994
00:43:08,880 --> 00:43:12,559
up they scaled The Cliffs now when they
995
00:43:10,920 --> 00:43:14,599
got to the top they discovered that the
996
00:43:12,559 --> 00:43:17,200
big German artillery the big guns
997
00:43:14,599 --> 00:43:19,720
actually been moved it's
998
00:43:17,200 --> 00:43:23,119
empty the Air Force and navy really
999
00:43:19,720 --> 00:43:25,200
plasted this baby yeah but I don't
1000
00:43:23,119 --> 00:43:28,640
get the
1001
00:43:25,200 --> 00:43:30,280
guns there ain't no mount
1002
00:43:28,640 --> 00:43:32,520
they never even been in
1003
00:43:30,280 --> 00:43:33,880
store you can see them now moving into
1004
00:43:32,520 --> 00:43:36,160
these bunkers where the big guns were
1005
00:43:33,880 --> 00:43:36,960
supposed to be they had been moved it
1006
00:43:36,160 --> 00:43:38,319
was thought they were just too
1007
00:43:36,960 --> 00:43:39,480
vulnerable I think on that Headland they
1008
00:43:38,319 --> 00:43:42,520
would move further in land but the
1009
00:43:39,480 --> 00:43:45,839
Rangers persisted moved in land and and
1010
00:43:42,520 --> 00:43:45,839
carried did important work that
1011
00:43:52,079 --> 00:43:57,480
day first thing we got to do is bow hold
1012
00:43:54,480 --> 00:43:59,520
through that wre with the bangal
1013
00:43:57,480 --> 00:44:01,079
now we've got Omaha Beach you see
1014
00:43:59,520 --> 00:44:03,400
American troops struggling here at Omaha
1015
00:44:01,079 --> 00:44:04,760
Beach the bloodiest of the D-Day beaches
1016
00:44:03,400 --> 00:44:06,400
really importantly they they bring
1017
00:44:04,760 --> 00:44:08,839
forward the Bangalore torpedo this was
1018
00:44:06,400 --> 00:44:12,000
such an important weapon on D-Day it
1019
00:44:08,839 --> 00:44:14,400
allowed it was a explosive device that
1020
00:44:12,000 --> 00:44:16,680
that that detonated along the length of
1021
00:44:14,400 --> 00:44:19,559
this this tube uh it meant that you
1022
00:44:16,680 --> 00:44:19,559
could clear barbed
1023
00:44:24,680 --> 00:44:29,280
wire and you see them here kind of using
1024
00:44:27,200 --> 00:44:31,680
the landscape using folds in the ground
1025
00:44:29,280 --> 00:44:34,119
finding dead ground pushing forward off
1026
00:44:31,680 --> 00:44:37,359
the beach using bangalor to to break
1027
00:44:34,119 --> 00:44:37,359
into German uh
1028
00:44:49,640 --> 00:44:53,880
defenses and then undermining German
1029
00:44:51,760 --> 00:44:55,720
bunkers using explosives blowing up
1030
00:44:53,880 --> 00:44:57,599
strong points doing anything they can to
1031
00:44:55,720 --> 00:44:58,920
try and get their way off that Beach
1032
00:44:57,599 --> 00:45:00,960
for me the big lesson from the longest
1033
00:44:58,920 --> 00:45:02,359
day is that filmmakers want to emphasize
1034
00:45:00,960 --> 00:45:05,200
the collaboration that was required on
1035
00:45:02,359 --> 00:45:08,359
D-Day now bear in mind this movie is
1036
00:45:05,200 --> 00:45:10,200
made less than 20 years after D-Day
1037
00:45:08,359 --> 00:45:12,160
takes place that is less time than
1038
00:45:10,200 --> 00:45:13,359
between us and 9/11 so there would have
1039
00:45:12,160 --> 00:45:14,800
been people in the audience there have
1040
00:45:13,359 --> 00:45:16,800
been people involved in the production
1041
00:45:14,800 --> 00:45:19,880
process who knew a lot about D-Day who'
1042
00:45:16,800 --> 00:45:22,000
experienced D-Day and as a result they
1043
00:45:19,880 --> 00:45:24,160
they wanted to emphasize that this was a
1044
00:45:22,000 --> 00:45:25,599
job in which lots and lots of different
1045
00:45:24,160 --> 00:45:27,880
people doing lots of different tasks
1046
00:45:25,599 --> 00:45:29,160
work together and overcame the massive
1047
00:45:27,880 --> 00:45:31,000
massive challenge of Landing in
1048
00:45:29,160 --> 00:45:32,400
Northwest Europe you you see
1049
00:45:31,000 --> 00:45:33,920
paratroopers you see planners you see
1050
00:45:32,400 --> 00:45:36,440
infantrymen you see people in
1051
00:45:33,920 --> 00:45:38,400
Communications uh you see uh people
1052
00:45:36,440 --> 00:45:41,000
storming the beaches and it's all of
1053
00:45:38,400 --> 00:45:44,680
those small little pictures that
1054
00:45:41,000 --> 00:45:47,300
combined give us the giant dramatic
1055
00:45:44,680 --> 00:45:50,429
image of what happened on
1056
00:45:47,300 --> 00:45:50,429
[Applause]
1057
00:45:52,880 --> 00:45:57,240
D-Day I think these films all do a
1058
00:45:55,119 --> 00:46:00,160
really good job at portraying the
1059
00:45:57,240 --> 00:46:03,200
terrible reality of D-Day the violence
1060
00:46:00,160 --> 00:46:05,240
the terror and the death I think they
1061
00:46:03,200 --> 00:46:08,359
also do a very good job at showing off
1062
00:46:05,240 --> 00:46:10,960
the massive amount of preparation that
1063
00:46:08,359 --> 00:46:13,400
went into it all and the various
1064
00:46:10,960 --> 00:46:15,680
different contributions from all sorts
1065
00:46:13,400 --> 00:46:17,680
of different people we've seen a huge
1066
00:46:15,680 --> 00:46:20,000
number of different individuals all
1067
00:46:17,680 --> 00:46:21,920
seemingly acting within little bubbles
1068
00:46:20,000 --> 00:46:24,280
playing individual roles probably not
1069
00:46:21,920 --> 00:46:27,200
even aware of the overall scale of the
1070
00:46:24,280 --> 00:46:30,599
day what was going on and yet each and
1071
00:46:27,200 --> 00:46:32,760
every one of them was crucial to d-day's
1072
00:46:30,599 --> 00:46:34,880
success a terrifying part of Band of
1073
00:46:32,760 --> 00:46:36,720
Brothers longest day masters of the air
1074
00:46:34,880 --> 00:46:37,760
is that a huge number of the characters
1075
00:46:36,720 --> 00:46:39,680
the majority of the characters are
1076
00:46:37,760 --> 00:46:41,000
actually real people they existed they
1077
00:46:39,680 --> 00:46:42,960
give a
1078
00:46:41,000 --> 00:46:45,040
representation of what it was actually
1079
00:46:42,960 --> 00:46:46,680
like on D-Day for the individuals whose
1080
00:46:45,040 --> 00:46:50,440
stories they're telling and I think that
1081
00:46:46,680 --> 00:46:52,800
proves that often times reality the
1082
00:46:50,440 --> 00:46:54,440
historical truth can be just as
1083
00:46:52,800 --> 00:46:57,520
terrifying and brutal but also as
1084
00:46:54,440 --> 00:47:00,000
engaging for audiences as any fiction
1085
00:46:57,520 --> 00:47:02,200
thank you so much for watching Remember
1086
00:47:00,000 --> 00:47:04,400
to like And subscribe and you can click
1087
00:47:02,200 --> 00:47:05,720
on any of the videos now on the screen
1088
00:47:04,400 --> 00:47:08,720
if you want to watch more history hit
1089
00:47:05,720 --> 00:47:08,720
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