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[Paul Rudd] Planet Earth is so spectacular,
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it's easy to miss the smaller things in life.
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But take a closer look...
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and there's a whole undiscovered world.
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A world where tiny heroes...
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and little monsters...
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need incredible superpowers...
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to help them triumph against giant odds.
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[wind whistling]
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Canadian winters are brutal...
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[sniffing]
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...especially for something as tiny as a water shrew.
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Only the size of your thumb,
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he must feed throughout the year.
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But even under the snow, he's still at risk.
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Being so small can also be a lifesaver...
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[bird squawks]
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...an escape route to another world.
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Beneath the ice,
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the humble pond provides sanctuary for all kinds of surprising little animals.
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-[woodpecker drums] -[birds singing]
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And soon it will transform into a water world,
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teeming with tiny wonders.
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All of them trying to stay out of trouble...
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[ducklings peep]
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...and make the most of the good times before winter returns.
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[bird sings]
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[ice cracking]
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The spring thaw reveals the victims of winter.
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[birds chirping]
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A wood frog, no bigger than a matchbox...
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frozen solid by the bitter cold.
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Its heart stopped beating.
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Technically, it's dead...
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but not quite.
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A mix of urea and glucose acts as a natural antifreeze,
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protecting its vital organs.
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As temperatures rise, its heart starts again.
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[heartbeat thumping]
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Miraculously, life returns.
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[water gurgling]
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And as the ice melts,
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a snapping turtle takes its first breath for six months.
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A world of opportunity is opening up.
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-[woodpecker drums] -[birds chirping]
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But the first thing on most tiny minds is...
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mating.
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Hooded mergansers engage in extravagant courtship dances.
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[screeches]
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-[croaking] -While frogs just...
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go for it.
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Soon the pond is thick with spawn.
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Masses of eggs ensure at least some will survive to become frogs.
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[frog croaks]
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Not all pond life begins in the water.
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[woodpecker drumming]
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In the surrounding forest,
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a female merganser has found an old woodpecker hole.
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She's small enough to use it as a nest.
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And her eggs are safe from larger predators up here.
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[ducklings peeping]
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But as soon as they hatch,
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her eight little ducklings must make it to the pond to feed.
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[ducklings peeping]
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It's a difficult journey.
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They won't be able to fly for months.
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So their first move...
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will be a leap of faith.
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[wind whistles]
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The instinctive bond with their mother is so strong...
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they'll follow her anywhere.
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Ducklings are born with soft, flexible bones.
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They're so light,
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even from up here they can survive the fall...
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and bounce like fluffy ping-pong balls.
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[peeping]
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[mother duck quacks]
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Mom calls her brood together.
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But there's always one straggler.
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[mother duck quacks]
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Finally, the family can move on...
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although their journey has only just begun.
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[birds singing, calling]
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Between them and the pond...
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[car speeding past]
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...lies a busy road.
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[birds chirping, singing]
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Spring transforms the pond...
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a welcome change for the water shrew.
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He must eat the equivalent of his own body weight every day.
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-[sniffing] -[water gurgling]
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But with a stomach no bigger than a peanut...
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it's a real challenge.
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Especially with such poor eyesight.
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Other hunters down here seem better equipped.
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Compound eyes give dragonfly nymphs 360-degree vision.
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And an extendable jaw means they can ambush prey.
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But the shrew has a superpower of his own...
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his nose.
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Blowing out little bubbles,
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he picks up tiny scent particles in the water.
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And receptors in his nostrils help him detect prey.
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It's an elaborate game of hide-and-seek.
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On his endless search for food,
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the shrew hunts both underwater and on land.
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But there's a third realm...
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the surface layer.
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Just molecules thick...
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only a really tiny creature can succeed here.
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And the undisputed champion...
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is the water strider.
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Long, water-repellent feet support their weight
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as they skate and even leap on the surface film.
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[thunder rumbling]
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But this is a fluid, unpredictable world...
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where just a few raindrops can create havoc.
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[thunder continues]
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Tiny inhabitants must seek cover...
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until calm returns.
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For the young mergansers,
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spring showers are water off a duck's back.
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Especially compared... to this.
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Newborn ducklings are adapted to overcome many obstacles,
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but not busy roads.
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[ducklings peep]
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[truck horn blares]
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[ducklings peeping]
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[truck horn honks]
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[peeping]
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[car horn blaring]
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Four ducklings take their chance.
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A lucky break in traffic...
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and all of them make it across.
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[truck horn honks]
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[horn honks]
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Three more follow...
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unharmed and soon to join the family on the water.
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But there's still one on the other side.
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As few as one in ten ducklings may survive to adulthood.
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Predators, starvation and human pressures all take their toll.
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[horn honks]
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[duckling peeping]
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[horn honks]
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But not today.
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These little ducklings face many challenges ahead.
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But so far, instinct, resilience and luck have seen them through.
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[birds singing, chirping]
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Summer is now in full swing.
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-[croaks] -The days are long and warm.
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But one of the shrew's favorite foods is becoming increasingly scarce.
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Dragonfly nymphs are now leaving the water to become adults.
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An incredible transformation from aquatic monster to aerial master.
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Emerging dragonflies pump fluid to expand and stiffen their wings.
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And they swallow air to inflate their bodies.
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Soon, the pond is home to thousands of dragonflies and damselflies.
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Life out of the water is brief.
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Only a few weeks to feed, fight and breed before temperatures drop again.
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Competition is intense.
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The Canada darner is one of the most aggressive dragonflies on the pond.
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To impress a female, males must command a substantial territory.
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[wings beating]
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They constantly patrol it and take out any rivals in their airspace.
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Four independently acting wings, and articulated bodies...
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allow for extraordinary aerobatics...
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and high-speed maneuvers in nature's ultimate dogfight.
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[wings beating]
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He's seen off his enemy and secured his territory.
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It's well stocked with food...
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and should be large enough to attract a mate.
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Less than a month old,
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the ducklings are completely at home on the water.
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They're growing more independent by the day...
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and venturing further from their mother.
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But they're still naive to what lies beneath.
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A northern pike...
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the shark of the pond.
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It eats fish, frogs, snakes,
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even little ducklings.
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[ducklings peeping]
180
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Best to keep closer to mom for now.
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[ducklings peeping]
182
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Above the pond, love is in the air.
183
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Dragonflies are coupling up,
184
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and damselflies are locked together in mating wheels.
185
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But those without a partner must keep cruising.
186
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Flying so close to water is risky.
187
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A damselfly's distress attracts unwanted attention.
188
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A water strider uses its proboscis to puncture the tough exoskeleton...
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and feed on the soft insides.
190
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Many tiny creatures fall victim to the grip of surface tension.
191
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[wind whistling]
192
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[water splashes]
193
00:22:24,887 --> 00:22:28,387
A struggling water-lily beetle has the strider circling.
194
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But this crafty little bug...
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has other plans.
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[birds chirping, singing]
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The warm, bright days of summer give rise to a forest of aquatic plants.
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And all sorts of small animals grow up feeding on them.
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In six weeks,
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the tadpoles have developed back legs, teeth and a raging appetite.
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As the day wears on,
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ever greater numbers venture into the shallows to feed on algae and plants.
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Food is not all they've come for.
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The warmer water around the pond's edge helps speed up their metamorphosis.
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Some have already sprouted front legs...
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and once their lungs develop, they'll be ready to leave the pond.
207
00:24:14,663 --> 00:24:18,133
But so many tadpoles crammed into such shallow water
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is inviting trouble.
209
00:24:31,763 --> 00:24:34,183
Garter snakes usually hunt on land.
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But they will take to the water to prey on such easy targets.
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A single tadpole has little chance against an agile snake.
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But with safety in numbers, the vast majority survive unscathed.
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00:25:35,869 --> 00:25:41,379
As each day cools, the tadpoles return to the relative safety of deeper water.
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This great migration marks the end of their daily routine.
215
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Thousands of little lives on one incredible journey.
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00:26:13,115 --> 00:26:16,655
A whopping 60 meters, there and back.
217
00:26:18,412 --> 00:26:21,422
[birds chirping, singing]
218
00:26:23,876 --> 00:26:27,876
The late days of summer are a last chance to feed up...
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00:26:29,173 --> 00:26:31,263
before harder times return.
220
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Months of relentless hunting have honed the water shrew's skills.
221
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Even a crayfish is no match for him now.
222
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The ducklings have also become agile predators...
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diving down to feast on insects and fish.
224
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At three months old, they are accomplished swimmers.
225
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And soon they must master flight as well...
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ready for their winter migration.
227
00:27:59,721 --> 00:28:03,931
Many of the pond's other tiny residents are already moving on.
228
00:28:06,353 --> 00:28:09,863
Young toads and frogs make for the surrounding forest.
229
00:28:09,940 --> 00:28:11,150
[croaks]
230
00:28:17,698 --> 00:28:21,738
The exodus continues as autumn races towards winter.
231
00:28:30,836 --> 00:28:33,546
Last to leave are the hooded mergansers...
232
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taking to the air to join the long journey south.
233
00:28:58,322 --> 00:29:01,452
But the pond is not left totally empty.
234
00:29:05,954 --> 00:29:07,964
[sniffing]
235
00:29:13,545 --> 00:29:15,415
Insulated beneath the ice...
236
00:29:16,673 --> 00:29:20,763
little creatures are protected from the wintry world outside.
237
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Locked in until spring returns...
238
00:29:32,105 --> 00:29:36,395
and the pond fills with tiny lives once more.
17118
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