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>> It's new, it's shiny, it's IPv6
Configuration, [laughs] and it's fantastic.
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I was just going through it, before I start
this record I was like "Yeah, better, you know,
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brush up a little bit and do, you know,
run through some of the commands I'm doing.
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And as I'm doing it I'm like,
"Oh, oh I should try--
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ooh, this would be cool, ooh,
I should let's add this."
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So, this is going to be fun.
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We're going to look at the IPv6 Configuration.
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First off, assigning the addresses to you
router, you know, just kind of the base,
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how do you get started with IPv6 on your router?
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We'll look at Routing IPv6, both static routing,
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and I want to roll out full
IP or OSPF version 3.
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And then we'll look at finally how
do we cut over from IPv4 to IPv6?
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To illustrate IPv6, I decided to go
with this simple typology just a--
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I mean when you see how this is configured
you're going to immediately be like, "Okay,
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I can see how this goes to
any size organization.
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So, I've got a couple of routers, nothing
on them at all except the host name.
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So, let's get started.
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I'm going to bring up the GNS3 console,
let's bring up the console for router one
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and while we're here might
as well grab router two.
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Now, just so you get oriented I'm
going to do on each one of this--
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I just have literally a base config
that has a host name, no IP addresses,
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everything shut down, I mean
these things are out of the box
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or out of the emulator, however
you want to say it.
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So, there's nothing happening here.
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First thing I want to do is start
assigning the addresses, how do I do that?
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Well, unlike IPv4, IPv6 routing is turned
off by default, you may have seen--
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I don't know if you've seen this
at any point in your Cisco journey,
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but if I go to the global config
mode and type in IP routing
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and hit enter, that turns on routing functions.
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Essentially your router is not a
router until you type that command in.
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Now, since the early days Cisco has
been shipping routers with that command
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in the running config by default, so
you don't have to do that, however,
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they do not enable IPv6 by default.
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So, first off I'll say you need to make
sure that your IOS version supports IPv6
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and you'll find out real quick if it doesn't
because you'll go to type this command,
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it's ipv6 unicast-routing, hit the Enter key.
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That command turns on the IPv6 features,
essentially it's not an IPv6 routers--
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router until you type that command in and now it
is and that command is not in there by default.
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So, now let's go in and assign some addresses,
I'm going to look back at my typology here,
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router one you can see my main networks.
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Now, let me-- before I just type
those in let me talk about them,
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notice that we have one network here,
2001:55::1, what does that mean?
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Well, you remember from the concepts nugget
that this represents a whole bunch of zero,
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0:0:0 and then you'll see that commonly.
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Now, remember each one these represents 16 bits
of information, I'm going to change to purple,
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just bright is better, so each one of
these represents 16 bits of information.
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And then-- so you see right here there's up
to 32 bits, now the subnet mask is 64 bits.
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So, immediately I'm going, "Okay, well, I know
in every single IP address whether it's IPv4
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or 6, there's always two portions,
there's the network and there's the host.
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So, when I'm trying to identify the network
for this I'll go, "Okay, well I've got 32 bits
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and then a whole bunch of zeroes that are
kind of vanished behind those double colons.
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So my network must be-- if I were to
write it, you know, without any shortcuts,
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it would look like this,
2001:0055:0000:0000, that would be my networks.
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Now, of course with our shortcuts,
we've got 2001:55:0:0, right?
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That's a shorter way of writing the network
statement 'cause I can drop the leading zeroes
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out of there, and that represents
the first 64 bits.
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Now, the last 64 bits, notice I do ::1.
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So, if I were to say, "Well, what is the host?"
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The host, you know, I'll just
write the short version is 0:0:0:1.
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So, I mean, you know, how every-- before use
IPv4 we have like 192 168.0.1 that's going
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to the gateway or something like that.
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Well, it's the same thing here except we've
got a really big network 2001::55:00, you know,
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all of that that's-- that identifies the
network and a really big host but it all boils
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down to the same concepts,
this is a shorthand of writing,
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I have the first IP address in that network.
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Okay, so down here router two just to describe
this, we've got the same thing, 2001:56::1,
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so same concepts we've got four
octets since it's a slash 64,
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represents the network 2001:56:0:0
that represents the network
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and then 00010:0:0:1 represents
the host, got that?
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Now, looking at this we were a little
more descriptive, we said, "Okay,
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the serial link is going to
have a network of 2001:210:10:1.
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Now, again, four octets right there,
that's 64 bits have left [phonetic].
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So that is our network.
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Now, the host is still the ::1, so our host is
0:0:0, you can use that, it's going to be long,
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it's bigger addressing if we write it all
out that way, but using the shortcuts,
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you see how the shortcuts are so handy because
there's typically going to be a number of zeroes
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in the IP address, at least for your
router, and that's one that we care about.
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So, you can see that this is on the same network
as this, one of them is the first address
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and one of them is the second address.
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Is that all making sense?
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Good, okay, so let's come
down here to router one.
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And, I'm go into FastEthernet0/0.
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So, router one's got FA00 on the
left there and 000 on the right.
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00:06:06,786 --> 00:06:09,646
So, let's power that guy
up, I'll do a no shutdown,
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get him going 'cause I know he's
administratively down, and we'll do now IP--
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instead of IP address, right, we're now going to
do IPv6 address, and you'll see this so often,
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Cisco did such a great job
just saying, "You know what,
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concepts for the most part are the same in
IPv6, we still have, you know, show IP routes
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but it's just now it's going to be
show IPv6, so it's not like you have
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to relearn all the commands that you know.
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We're still assigning address but instead of
IP address it's IPv6 address, pretty nice,
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let me hit the question mark,
check this out, a couple of things
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that you could do is a link local address,
come on, I know it's rusty already,
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think back to the concepts, link local is
you can actually pick what address that uses
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to communicate on its local subnet.
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Remember that was the FE80 [phonetic] address
that's it's going to generate by itself.
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Now, that being said, I'm saying it
because it's going to generate it
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by itself, we don't have to type it in.
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00:07:04,146 --> 00:07:06,966
Although being on a router you
might just say, "You know what,
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I like manually typing it,"
so you could do that.
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Down here, notice this one does not have
a subnet mask because it doesn't need one,
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link local never talks outside of its
own network, it's own little FE80 world,
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doesn't pass another router, so
there really is no network to it.
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However, this one-- that's how you assign a
real address and it says, "Okay, well, you know,
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this is-- that's what we're going to do,
and underneath we can see autoconfiguration.
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This is where it can query another router
and say, "Hey, what network am I on?"
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and it will kind of fill in its own host Id
based on its MAC address, so if you want to do
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that you can but, come on, but we don't like
auto things, we want to do it ourselves.
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So I'm going to type in ipv6 address
2001:55::1/64, totally we'll take that,
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just like that, look that,
2001:55:1, so it's going to do ti.
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Now-- you know, I can't go on, I've
got to verify it, I must show IP--
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Caps Lock, show ipv6 interface brief.
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Yes, they took my favorite command and
moved it over, it looks different though.
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They knew they couldn't fit this
big, old addresses on one line,
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so look a this we've got FastEthernet0/0,
it is up and up, remember line protocol
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and line protocol, line-- why is my mind--
oh, status in line protocol, is that right?
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Show ip-- having one of those moments.
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Yes, status and protocol, there
we go, so the same thing here,
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status, first up protocol, second up.
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So right there, you see the link local address,
now that's pretty cool 'cause look at this,
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you can see-- okay, we got some MAC address info
but right in the middle, remember that FF:FE,
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it kind of squishes it in there to
give it enough octets to be a 64
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but I just show it's right there we're
verifying that, okay, looks good.
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And then right here we've got the--
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got the address we just assigned
so I'm able to verify that, good.
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So let's get back in the serial 0/0 no shut
down and we'll do ipv6 address, 2001:210:10:1::,
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I keep entering the Caps
Lock [phonetic], ::1/64.
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Come on, I want to verify that.
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So, we can see it's got its
own little link local address.
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Now, check it out, same link local
address as above, you see the FE80::
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and then-- is that-- whoa, can we do that?
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Can we do that?
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Yes, we can do that because that
address never leaves its local subnets.
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So, when it's talking on the serial link, you
know, it's not like it's going to get confused
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and say, "Oh, well, you know,
which link is just coming in on.
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You can use the same link local address
for all your interfaces if you want
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to 'cause it only communicates on that
interface, it never goes beyond that world,
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but right below, we see that's good.
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So, okay enough descriptions, let's
just blaze through router two, right?
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And so be our good review router, let's see if
I can move it up here to see all the addresses.
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Please find a spot, let's do this, there we go.
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So let's go into global config,
ipv6 unicast routing,
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we we turn it on interface FastEthernet
0/0, no shut down IPv6 address looking
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over there 2001:56::1, you follow?
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Good so far?
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Exit, backout, interface 00/-- 0/0,
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we'll do ipv6 address 2001:210:10:1::2/64,
no shutdown, there we go.
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So, go back and do a show ipv6 interface
brief and let's-- I mean, so it looks good,
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I'm feeling warm and fuzzy about those
two, show ipv6 interface serial 0/0.
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00:11:09,196 --> 00:11:12,826
We can see a little bit more
about it, notice it says, "Okay,
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I've got my global unicast, address.
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Remember we talked about
the different address types?
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Global Unicast Address, is the one-- it's
the global address that it's using this,
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it's like a public address we
can use out on the internet.
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Right above it you see the link local address,
this is the automatically generated address.
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And, it also says, I've joined
this multicast groups.
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So multicast groups are kind of like
I've tuned in to these radio stations,
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I'm listening on my local
network for these kinds of--
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00:11:40,676 --> 00:11:43,676
I think of it as, I mean
I'm going to say broadcast
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but they just call them unicast nowadays.
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00:11:47,436 --> 00:11:51,376
So, I'm feeling the need for
a ping right about now, yeah?
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00:11:51,966 --> 00:11:58,176
Let's do a ping, let's say I'm just-- do a
show cdp neighbor, sure enough there it is,
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show cdp neighbor's detail,
check it out, cdp been upgraded,
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00:12:03,126 --> 00:12:05,726
my friends, to support the IPv6 addresses.
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00:12:05,726 --> 00:12:09,936
So, it says, "Okay, I've got router
one.lab.local which is its host name.
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00:12:10,106 --> 00:12:11,986
It sees router one at that address.
167
00:12:11,986 --> 00:12:13,586
So, okay, how do I do this?
168
00:12:13,656 --> 00:12:20,306
I can't type in ping because ping is an IPv4
flavor, I have to type in ping ipv6 followed
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00:12:20,306 --> 00:12:23,986
by the address and that's, you know, I'm
on router two, router two so I'm going
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00:12:23,986 --> 00:12:34,426
to the other side, 2001:210:10:1::1,
awesome, okay, so working, yeah, feel good?
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00:12:34,596 --> 00:12:38,766
Okay, so I know someday I'm going to
be typing this and I'm going to be
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00:12:38,766 --> 00:12:42,076
like these addresses are so long [inaudible]
and there's going to be some young kid
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who comes home, he's like, "What do you mean?
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00:12:43,836 --> 00:12:48,556
That's just the way the world works, what are
you talking like old IPv4, you know, grab the--
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00:12:48,556 --> 00:12:54,196
I can totally-- somebody's going to mock me
someday on how painful these addresses are
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00:12:54,196 --> 00:12:56,206
to type in but for now they're painful.
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00:12:56,376 --> 00:12:59,096
It's-- I like IPv4 typing those is better.
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00:12:59,096 --> 00:13:04,156
So, router one shows cdp neighbors using
router two, let's just go the other direction
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to feel good, 2001:210-- oh, I
forgot this, ipv6 210:10:1::2.
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So, we're doing good, we're getting an end to
end communication, but wait, wait there's more,
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00:13:21,416 --> 00:13:28,166
how do I-- let's-- how do-- let's see if I
can ping over here, this 2001:56::1, right?
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Up here we've got 2001:55::1.
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00:13:31,056 --> 00:13:40,566
So, I'm on router one, let's do it,
let's do a ping ipv6, 2001:56::1,
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00:13:40,566 --> 00:13:42,116
what do you think it work-- will work?
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00:13:42,276 --> 00:13:45,456
Well, no? No it will not, why?
186
00:13:45,456 --> 00:13:49,276
Because it doesn't know how to get
there even though it's like, "Hey,
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I've only got one router, the
router doesn't think that way,
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00:13:52,016 --> 00:13:54,086
so looking at its routing
table, so let's do that.
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00:13:54,316 --> 00:13:58,546
Let's do a show ipv6 route, and the router
is like, "Hey, I know about this stuff,"
190
00:13:58,546 --> 00:14:00,626
and it says, "Okay, I'm connected
to this network,
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00:14:00,626 --> 00:14:03,956
as a matter of fact I've got a
local address, a little different
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00:14:03,956 --> 00:14:05,506
than the ipv4 routing table, right?
193
00:14:05,506 --> 00:14:08,236
I've got a local address of
this, see that's the address,
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this is the full network I'm connected
to, it's my FastEthernet 0/0, no metric,
195
00:14:14,296 --> 00:14:17,006
no administrative distance
'cause it's right there.
196
00:14:17,006 --> 00:14:19,076
I'm plugged into it."
197
00:14:19,076 --> 00:14:22,946
So, the routing table is not able
to see-- router one's not able to--
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00:14:22,946 --> 00:14:26,456
let's squish him up here, [inaudible] it
will see router two's network go there.
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00:14:27,256 --> 00:14:28,376
I don't see that they're on the table.
200
00:14:28,376 --> 00:14:31,556
So, let's do a little a static routing, you say?
201
00:14:31,556 --> 00:14:38,786
I'm gong to do a IPv6 route, you know,
instead of an IP route, it's IPv 6, are you--
202
00:14:39,076 --> 00:14:43,636
tell me you're not feeling good, you know,
if you're feeling good with IPv4 concepts,
203
00:14:43,636 --> 00:14:46,606
this should be like, "Oh, oh that's cool."
204
00:14:46,816 --> 00:14:52,386
So, it's just the same command with v6 after
it, so it's IPv6 route, where do you want to go?
205
00:14:53,086 --> 00:15:04,396
I want to reach 2001:56, actually,
:: done, huh, can I do that?
206
00:15:04,396 --> 00:15:07,256
Yeah, because I want to reach
that whole network--
207
00:15:07,466 --> 00:15:11,186
look at me I'm waving my finger at the screen,
I want to reach this full network right here,
208
00:15:11,446 --> 00:15:13,946
I don't just want to reach
the .1 address, right?
209
00:15:13,946 --> 00:15:17,626
And this is the way that we annotate the
whole network, we're saying that's the network
210
00:15:17,626 --> 00:15:19,826
and the first 64 bits represents the network
211
00:15:19,826 --> 00:15:23,656
so the router automatically feels
it, "Okay, :0:0 there, got it?"
212
00:15:23,776 --> 00:15:26,246
Okay, so now, tell me, admin.
213
00:15:26,456 --> 00:15:29,076
[phonetic], where do I go
to get to that network?
214
00:15:29,076 --> 00:15:34,716
And I'm going to say, "Well, actually you
can go shrink your window a little bit
215
00:15:35,226 --> 00:15:37,676
and you can go right here to router two.
216
00:15:37,956 --> 00:15:42,986
So, I'm sitting on router one, I need
to go right here to get right here,
217
00:15:42,986 --> 00:15:44,776
that's the next half address, so let's do that.
218
00:15:44,906 --> 00:15:47,786
Now, you can put an interface if
you want to, I just don't like it.
219
00:15:48,116 --> 00:15:55,166
So, we'll do 2001:210:10:1::2, right?
220
00:15:55,256 --> 00:16:02,246
So, I'm saying, I want a route
to this network and I'm going
221
00:16:02,246 --> 00:16:05,396
to use this guy to get me there, good?
222
00:16:06,536 --> 00:16:08,396
Okay, we can also come in here and say, "Oh,
223
00:16:08,396 --> 00:16:10,506
well here is the different
administrative distance."
224
00:16:10,506 --> 00:16:13,326
That's actually to create something
they call the floating static route,
225
00:16:13,326 --> 00:16:15,656
you'll learn about that when
you get to the CCNP world.
226
00:16:15,656 --> 00:16:19,696
You can also say this is just the
multicast router, just the unicast router,
227
00:16:19,696 --> 00:16:22,586
we're not going to worry
about all that [inaudible].
228
00:16:23,196 --> 00:16:28,566
So now, show ipv6 route, let's
take a look, static it looks good,
229
00:16:28,706 --> 00:16:31,496
I'm feeling good about that, so let's do it.
230
00:16:31,496 --> 00:16:39,446
I'm going to go on router
one and ping ipv6 2001:56::1.
231
00:16:39,656 --> 00:16:47,246
Yes, I need like a-- I need a like a
clapping sound effect or a Bon Jovi, like,
232
00:16:47,246 --> 00:16:49,186
it worked, it's awesome, so we're good.
233
00:16:49,546 --> 00:16:53,556
So, good, now okay-- hang
on, where I we on this thing?
234
00:16:53,966 --> 00:16:56,746
I've assigned the addresses,
I've verified those addresses,
235
00:16:56,746 --> 00:16:58,926
I see that through there, I've
configured static routing.
236
00:16:58,926 --> 00:17:00,796
Now, let's look at dynamic writing.
237
00:17:00,796 --> 00:17:07,746
It's different but I think you'll like
it a lot better than the old ipv4 way.
238
00:17:07,746 --> 00:17:09,716
Okay, so I've got the static route in here.
239
00:17:09,716 --> 00:17:13,496
So, let's get rid of that, right?
240
00:17:13,836 --> 00:17:14,926
No, it's gone.
241
00:17:15,146 --> 00:17:18,816
So now my pings will fail again to that address
242
00:17:18,816 --> 00:17:20,856
because it's saying I don't
know how to get there anymore.
243
00:17:21,036 --> 00:17:22,776
You've take them right away.
244
00:17:23,406 --> 00:17:28,476
So, I'm going to go to router two,
let's set up OSPF, how do we do it?
245
00:17:28,476 --> 00:17:34,836
Okay, going to global config mode, and we're
going to use ipv6, remember we would type
246
00:17:34,836 --> 00:17:37,626
in router and then what routing
protocol [inaudible], that's IPv4, okay?
247
00:17:37,626 --> 00:17:39,216
Put that in the back of your mind.
248
00:17:39,216 --> 00:17:40,546
So, how do we do it now?
249
00:17:40,736 --> 00:17:43,416
Ipv6 router, go Cisco.
250
00:17:43,586 --> 00:17:52,976
Now, this version of the IOS only supports
RIPv6, and actually most people call it RIPng,
251
00:17:52,976 --> 00:17:55,826
next generation, I can't
believe RIP made the jump.
252
00:17:55,826 --> 00:18:03,666
And OSPF, but there are flavors of every
protocol for ipv6, there is EIGRP for IPv6,
253
00:18:04,016 --> 00:18:08,266
there's BGPISIS, I mean they've all
kind of gone through the evolution
254
00:18:08,266 --> 00:18:12,946
and become IPv6 compatible, it's just
my IOS version that doesn't do them.
255
00:18:13,166 --> 00:18:19,266
So, I'm going to type in ipv6 router OSPF,
and just like the ipv4 I have to type
256
00:18:19,266 --> 00:18:25,416
in a process ID just like-- remember I said
it's like task manager that goes through
257
00:18:25,416 --> 00:18:28,036
and we've got the, you know,
the process, the PID that--
258
00:18:28,036 --> 00:18:30,746
it's just the number, just got to
remember it, that's all there is to it.
259
00:18:30,746 --> 00:18:37,116
So I'm going to type in process ID
one, now, unlike the IPv4 version
260
00:18:37,116 --> 00:18:41,746
of OSPF there's nothing really that goes
under here, [laughs] that's what's cool.
261
00:18:42,006 --> 00:18:47,316
Remember before this is where we would come
in and do network, you know, blah, blah, blah,
262
00:18:47,316 --> 00:18:52,156
wildcard mask 0, you know, 0.0,
obviously I'm just throwing some up there.
263
00:18:52,316 --> 00:18:56,326
But check this out, network question mark
[phonetic], huh, I don't know what you're trying
264
00:18:56,326 --> 00:19:01,336
to say, the network command is gone,
thank you Cisco for getting rid
265
00:19:01,336 --> 00:19:02,596
of it 'cause now they have a better way.
266
00:19:02,596 --> 00:19:06,076
The only thing that we see-- I know some
of you are like, "Whoa, what was that?"
267
00:19:06,076 --> 00:19:08,486
OSPF could not pick a router ID, what's that?
268
00:19:08,486 --> 00:19:15,686
Well, in OSPF as soon as you start the process
in IPv4it will pick what's called a Router ID.
269
00:19:16,156 --> 00:19:19,776
The Router ID is something that looks like this.
270
00:19:20,596 --> 00:19:23,656
Well, not exactly that but
it will be an IP address.
271
00:19:23,656 --> 00:19:27,176
But if you read the documentation you'll
say, "No, no, no, it's not an IP address,
272
00:19:27,176 --> 00:19:32,586
it's just the number that looks like an IP
address that the router uses kind of like
273
00:19:32,586 --> 00:19:34,916
as its name when it's talking to OSPF router.
274
00:19:34,916 --> 00:19:42,316
So, for instance, if router one said, "I
want to have the router ID 192.168.0.1,
275
00:19:42,316 --> 00:19:44,746
then it would just introduce itself, it would
say, "Hey, router two, how's it going man?
276
00:19:44,746 --> 00:19:46,326
I want to trade some routes with you.
277
00:19:46,556 --> 00:19:50,956
My name is 192 168 0.1," and
router would go, "Oh, great.
278
00:19:50,956 --> 00:19:52,786
Hey, my name is," and whatever you type in.
279
00:19:53,006 --> 00:19:54,666
You can type in whatever
you want, you could make--
280
00:19:54,666 --> 00:19:59,976
you could make up and you can say router two
has a router ID of 255 255 255 1, if you want.
281
00:20:00,086 --> 00:20:03,116
So, it doesn't matter and that's
why they say it's not an IP address,
282
00:20:03,116 --> 00:20:04,346
it's just as an identifier.
283
00:20:04,346 --> 00:20:09,536
Now, here's-- the way it works in
the version 4 or I should say v3,
284
00:20:09,536 --> 00:20:14,536
the older version of OSPF is rather looks
at all of its interfaces and it says, "Okay,
285
00:20:14,536 --> 00:20:17,556
which one has the highest IP address?
286
00:20:17,896 --> 00:20:21,966
That will become my router ID, it's just
kind of picks one, that's what it does.
287
00:20:22,256 --> 00:20:29,066
But, here's the problem, OSPF looked around
and it's like, I can't pick one, why?
288
00:20:29,136 --> 00:20:30,176
Why do you think that is?
289
00:20:31,246 --> 00:20:36,766
'Cause it doesn't have any IPv4 addresses,
even though we're doing all these ipv6 config,
290
00:20:37,036 --> 00:20:43,076
I can do a show ip interface brief and it's
still like, I've got nothing, nothing--
291
00:20:43,266 --> 00:20:46,656
oh, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing's there.
292
00:20:46,766 --> 00:20:48,496
I don't have any IPv4 addresses.
293
00:20:48,496 --> 00:20:55,486
So now if you have a truly native router,
native not like wild [inaudible] with a spear
294
00:20:55,486 --> 00:21:01,346
like native only IPv6 then it's going to
need you type in what the router ID is.
295
00:21:01,346 --> 00:21:05,936
So I'll juts say, "Hey, this is
router ID 2.2.2.2, and that's it.
296
00:21:06,896 --> 00:21:11,046
That's it, seriously, do a show run, I'm going
to filter it down, I'm just going to say,
297
00:21:11,046 --> 00:21:15,176
show me the section that has
router OSPF, well, actually it's--
298
00:21:15,176 --> 00:21:19,646
well, I guess I can type this also
find it router ospf comes back it's
299
00:21:19,646 --> 00:21:20,606
like this is all I got.
300
00:21:20,606 --> 00:21:23,866
I got router ospf 1 ipv6 and I got router-id.
301
00:21:24,056 --> 00:21:27,386
So now it's like, well, how does
it know which networks to run on?
302
00:21:27,386 --> 00:21:30,346
Remember the old network command
we would identify which networks
303
00:21:30,346 --> 00:21:32,466
and then we could send hellos
out to those interfaces
304
00:21:32,466 --> 00:21:34,136
and all that, we don't do that anymore.
305
00:21:34,296 --> 00:21:41,966
Now, in the IPv6 version of OSPF I can
go in and do interface FastEthernet0/0
306
00:21:42,096 --> 00:21:45,016
and put the interface into the OSPF process.
307
00:21:45,466 --> 00:21:47,806
I think this is a lot easier.
308
00:21:48,206 --> 00:21:51,486
I don't have to explain the wildcard
mask and how the network command work.
309
00:21:51,636 --> 00:21:59,876
Now, all I have to do is go in here
and do ipv6 ospf, and then I say, well,
310
00:21:59,876 --> 00:22:07,576
I'm going to associate this with process
ID 1 and I'm going to put this in area 0.
311
00:22:07,576 --> 00:22:12,716
Now, you remember the area
was just in this course.
312
00:22:12,716 --> 00:22:16,936
We're only going to talk about area 0 but the
area can designate where you have summary routes
313
00:22:16,936 --> 00:22:21,736
and all that kind of stuff but that's it, no
network command, no wildcard mask and matching,
314
00:22:21,736 --> 00:22:23,486
and oh, does this interface
gets swooped in there?
315
00:22:23,486 --> 00:22:24,526
Nothing like that.
316
00:22:24,806 --> 00:22:27,586
Now, I just go interface by
interface and say, "Okay,
317
00:22:27,586 --> 00:22:31,806
interface FastEthernet0/0,
you're running OSPF, done.
318
00:22:32,286 --> 00:22:38,676
Interface serial 0/0, up here-- well,
here I'll type it in, ipv6 ospf 1 area 0.
319
00:22:38,906 --> 00:22:41,756
You're running OSPF done, right?
320
00:22:41,916 --> 00:22:48,266
So now, it's the same-- same function as the
network command but a lot easier to understand.
321
00:22:48,406 --> 00:22:54,676
Now, I am sending hello messages, hello, hello,
hello out of this interface, hello, hello,
322
00:22:54,676 --> 00:22:59,636
I'm going out in this interface too,
and I'm advertising these networks.
323
00:22:59,636 --> 00:23:02,926
I'm saying, I'm going to tell
people about the 2001:55 network.
324
00:23:02,926 --> 00:23:04,436
I'm going to tell people about this network.
325
00:23:04,536 --> 00:23:08,256
Now, this guy down here, once he's configured
for OSPF is going to get those advertisements
326
00:23:08,256 --> 00:23:11,536
and so we're like, oh we already knew
about this one 'cause I'm plugged into it
327
00:23:11,536 --> 00:23:14,576
but I did not know about this
one behind you so let's do it.
328
00:23:14,736 --> 00:23:20,756
Oh, wait a sec, I'm drawing this all up
like I'm on router one but I'm really--
329
00:23:20,756 --> 00:23:24,046
I configured router two for so-- same
concept, just flip the arrows, right?
330
00:23:24,046 --> 00:23:26,966
So, I was working on router
two, so hello, hello, hello.
331
00:23:27,136 --> 00:23:28,096
So we got to go to router [inaudible].
332
00:23:28,096 --> 00:23:31,816
So, I didn't-- I'll say if I would have had
the network commands I would've messed it
333
00:23:31,816 --> 00:23:33,566
up then 'cause I would have
typed in router one's network.
334
00:23:33,876 --> 00:23:36,506
But since I did it on the
interface, it's the same thing.
335
00:23:36,686 --> 00:23:37,776
Now, let's go back here.
336
00:23:37,976 --> 00:23:44,436
I'm going to do a show ipv6 protocols, just
like in the old world we had show ip protocols
337
00:23:44,696 --> 00:23:46,346
which was the version 4 it's just saying, "Hey,
338
00:23:46,346 --> 00:23:51,826
I'm running OSPF on serial
00 and FastEthernet0/0.
339
00:23:51,826 --> 00:23:53,226
Okay, let's go to router one.
340
00:23:54,656 --> 00:23:57,106
Router one, where are you?
341
00:23:57,336 --> 00:23:57,946
There we go, okay.
342
00:23:58,426 --> 00:24:06,226
So, I'm going to go, well, I'm in router one
let's do a show ipv6 protocols, I got nothing,
343
00:24:06,226 --> 00:24:10,216
connected and static where we've
got no OSPF relationships at all.
344
00:24:10,616 --> 00:24:19,246
So, let's go into a global config ipv6
router ospf, process ID 1, it's fine.
345
00:24:19,816 --> 00:24:22,166
Remember that does not have to
match between the two sides.
346
00:24:22,406 --> 00:24:24,646
Now, I'm going to go in here
and give it a router ID.
347
00:24:24,646 --> 00:24:28,046
Now, this isn't an optional thing,
if the router doesn't have a name,
348
00:24:28,046 --> 00:24:31,176
if it doesn't have a router
id, OSPF won't start.
349
00:24:31,546 --> 00:24:35,066
You can't say hello, unless he
has a name to introduce itself by.
350
00:24:35,226 --> 00:24:38,526
So now I'm going to go into
interface FastEthernet--
351
00:24:38,526 --> 00:24:45,756
let's go there first, FastEthernet0/0
ipv6 ospf and we will say this guy--
352
00:24:45,756 --> 00:24:51,226
and by the way I'm just going in and saying
you belong-- essentially, let me just say that,
353
00:24:51,226 --> 00:24:54,956
now what we do feel-- this is how the
process works, it's on the router,
354
00:24:55,136 --> 00:24:58,166
I create the router OSPF process.
355
00:24:58,166 --> 00:25:01,826
I said, okay I'm not running OSPF,
we do that in global config mode
356
00:25:01,826 --> 00:25:04,566
when we type in ipv6 router ospf 1, right?
357
00:25:04,566 --> 00:25:09,096
So, it's like we activate this process
of Router OSPF and I say, "Okay,
358
00:25:09,096 --> 00:25:13,606
I'm now going to add FastEthernet0/0
to that process.
359
00:25:13,716 --> 00:25:19,136
So now it's doing OSPF, sending hello
messages, advertising itself, its network.
360
00:25:19,136 --> 00:25:22,446
, I'm going to add serial
0/0 to that-- so it's like--
361
00:25:22,446 --> 00:25:26,306
I think of it like if this were a wizard
we'd be dragging and dropping interfaces
362
00:25:26,306 --> 00:25:30,116
into the OSPF process bucket
and leaving them there.
363
00:25:30,116 --> 00:25:36,526
So, instead of previously we would go under
OSPF and configure it with this little goggles
364
00:25:36,716 --> 00:25:43,276
to say, "Hey, this network command now go
out and find all of the interfaces that start
365
00:25:43,276 --> 00:25:49,976
with 200., you know, remember the old IPv4--
the old, the current IPv4 flavor of OSPF?
366
00:25:49,976 --> 00:25:52,786
So now we're-- it's like we're putting
the interfaces into the bucket instead.
367
00:25:53,006 --> 00:25:58,316
So, I'm going through the-- oh and what I'm
saying all these other stuff is like if I want
368
00:25:58,316 --> 00:26:02,716
to change my hello timer, how often
I say hello, my dead-interval,
369
00:26:02,716 --> 00:26:05,366
how long until I declare a
neighbor dead, the cause of the--
370
00:26:05,366 --> 00:26:08,846
I mean, I can twit this thing
all out but to make it work,
371
00:26:08,976 --> 00:26:14,146
I'm just going to say this interface,
FastEthernet0/0, is under the process ID 1,
372
00:26:14,386 --> 00:26:17,376
and it is all part of area 0, one big old area.
373
00:26:17,906 --> 00:26:25,726
So, exit back out here and we'll go under
interface serial 0/0 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0, right?
374
00:26:25,726 --> 00:26:31,176
I've now dragged those two interfaces into the
buck-- oh, look at that, we've got a message,
375
00:26:31,176 --> 00:26:38,476
it says OSPFv3 process one has changed, I
see neighbor 2.2.22 and somebody came to me
376
00:26:38,476 --> 00:26:43,086
and said, "My name is 2222 on
serial 0/0, I've moved from loading
377
00:26:43,266 --> 00:26:45,326
to full, that means I'm a full neighbor.
378
00:26:45,636 --> 00:26:51,506
Let's do a show ipv6 ospf
neighbor and I can see, you know,
379
00:26:51,506 --> 00:26:54,696
the same output is the show
ip ospf neighbor as before.
380
00:26:54,906 --> 00:27:02,196
I see now have a full neighbor relationships,
let's check our routing table, show ipv6 route
381
00:27:02,296 --> 00:27:10,246
and look, OSPF has now educated my router one
about this 56 row, come on we got to ping it.
382
00:27:10,596 --> 00:27:22,016
Ping ipv6 2001:56:-- oh, Caps Lock, ::1, judging
we're over and now I can go up to router two
383
00:27:22,016 --> 00:27:28,176
as well and do the show ipv6 route,
you know, okay we got to ping it.
384
00:27:28,316 --> 00:27:30,196
You can't just leave something unpung.
385
00:27:30,316 --> 00:27:31,906
What 's the past tense of ping, pung?
386
00:27:32,356 --> 00:27:35,626
2001:55::1.
387
00:27:36,676 --> 00:27:37,966
I've pung it.
388
00:27:38,316 --> 00:27:44,826
[laughs] So, it is now communicating fully
between the two-- tell me that's not awesome.
389
00:27:45,066 --> 00:27:46,156
I mean, think about this.
390
00:27:46,156 --> 00:27:52,216
I mean, in one nugget we've now taken
all these base concepts, I mean, yeah,
391
00:27:52,216 --> 00:27:56,596
it took us a long time in IPv4 to understand
it all, to learn it all but can you--
392
00:27:56,596 --> 00:28:00,356
are you starting to feel like
this jump to IPv6 may not be
393
00:28:00,356 --> 00:28:02,706
as monumental as most of them I think?
394
00:28:02,806 --> 00:28:06,546
I mean, yeah, it takes a little while to
get used to those new addresses, those big,
395
00:28:06,546 --> 00:28:10,476
old hairy [phonetic] addresses and then the new
way the subnet mask looks but for the most part,
396
00:28:10,966 --> 00:28:16,736
I mean, [laughs] we did almost what
took us probably have the series
397
00:28:16,736 --> 00:28:20,056
to in IPv4 in one nugget with IPv6.
398
00:28:20,136 --> 00:28:26,356
What that tells me is IPv6 it's brings
new concepts, bring some new feature
399
00:28:26,356 --> 00:28:28,836
but the core of networking is still the same.
400
00:28:29,066 --> 00:28:30,776
It's still the same car, right?
401
00:28:31,106 --> 00:28:33,316
We just switch out the engine,
we still have seats,
402
00:28:33,316 --> 00:28:37,806
we still have a wheel it all does the same stuff
maybe a little faster, maybe a little better.
403
00:28:37,806 --> 00:28:42,766
But IPv6 shouldn't rock our world like
I think most people think it will.
404
00:28:42,766 --> 00:28:45,576
It's a big transition, yes,
there's a lot of work involved,
405
00:28:45,576 --> 00:28:47,826
yes, but conceptually not too bad.
406
00:28:48,136 --> 00:28:49,686
So, how do we make that jump?
407
00:28:49,686 --> 00:28:56,726
How do we get a smooth non-pressured
transition to IPv6?
408
00:28:57,126 --> 00:29:00,376
The-- I would say now Cisco
approved and recommended a way
409
00:29:00,936 --> 00:29:05,006
to make a transition is this
guy, Dual-stack Routers.
410
00:29:05,166 --> 00:29:10,966
So, here is the idea, I can run-- I mean
you can see right here on router one,
411
00:29:10,966 --> 00:29:14,376
let's do a show ipv6 interface brief.
412
00:29:15,046 --> 00:29:20,146
It shows these IPv6 addresses
that are on there, right?
413
00:29:20,146 --> 00:29:24,296
So we're running ipv6, show
ip interface brief, right?
414
00:29:24,736 --> 00:29:26,816
All completely unassigned,
you want to see this method?
415
00:29:27,436 --> 00:29:36,626
Here it is in 30 seconds or less.
416
00:29:36,626 --> 00:29:40,316
We have just created a dual-stack router.
417
00:29:41,036 --> 00:29:46,096
Essentially we've got now if we're
to diagram this we've got the router,
418
00:29:46,096 --> 00:29:48,646
we'll say a router one that has an interface
419
00:29:48,936 --> 00:29:52,306
that has let's just say a
couple of clients on there.
420
00:29:52,626 --> 00:29:58,606
The interface has two different IP addresses,
an IPv6 address and an IPv4 address.
421
00:29:59,236 --> 00:30:02,956
So, the beauty is, now we can
have our clients still running--
422
00:30:02,956 --> 00:30:07,606
let's say that guy is running Windows 7, you
know, he's got an IPv4 address assigned to that,
423
00:30:07,756 --> 00:30:12,056
we haven't made the transition yet,
he's 192.168.-- what did I say?
424
00:30:12,056 --> 00:30:14,596
0.50-- negative [inaudible] one or 0?
425
00:30:15,376 --> 00:30:16,666
Yeah, so 0.50.
426
00:30:16,666 --> 00:30:20,716
He's pointing to the default gateway
of 0.1, life is good for them,
427
00:30:20,716 --> 00:30:25,386
he never notices that there's problem or
anything is changing, we've got the IPv6 address
428
00:30:25,386 --> 00:30:31,176
so this guy is running-- I'll just say, Windows
8 or beyond and it's got an IPv6 address
429
00:30:31,176 --> 00:30:33,086
and it's default gateway
points to this right here.
430
00:30:33,246 --> 00:30:37,506
This router, it's like a bilingual
router, that's all there is to it
431
00:30:37,506 --> 00:30:41,966
where he speaks IPv4 English
and then IPv6 Spanish, you know,
432
00:30:41,966 --> 00:30:46,416
so he can speak the two languages at
the same time on the same interface.
433
00:30:46,786 --> 00:30:56,746
This is probably the least changing
of your network, like you can do it
434
00:30:56,746 --> 00:31:01,686
because you can have, you know, a WAN like
now with with an IPv6 address over here,
435
00:31:01,816 --> 00:31:06,336
IPv4 address over here, maybe
this goes to the internet; right?
436
00:31:06,336 --> 00:31:11,466
And your service provider can do the dual-stack
thing and you can do-- you can net these guys--
437
00:31:11,576 --> 00:31:16,606
oh, did I put, let's say, you could net
[phonetic] these guys out to a public v4 address
438
00:31:16,606 --> 00:31:18,546
and you could-- well, you don't even have it,
439
00:31:18,546 --> 00:31:21,286
right 'cause there's bazillion
of addresses out there.
440
00:31:21,746 --> 00:31:25,146
So you can just natively pass
those guys through and route them
441
00:31:25,266 --> 00:31:28,556
or you could even use net
for IPv6, it's out there.
442
00:31:28,636 --> 00:31:31,876
So, you could net them to an IPv6 public
address if you wanted to do that too.
443
00:31:31,876 --> 00:31:35,076
So you can see you could make
this change, you could just--
444
00:31:35,076 --> 00:31:38,456
you could say, you know what organization
we're going to run IPv6 right now.
445
00:31:38,566 --> 00:31:43,676
I have just turned on IPv6 on a router interface
and now you just got to slowly move the clients
446
00:31:43,676 --> 00:31:49,106
over to IPv6 as you will, that is Cisco's
best, you know, thumbs up method if you look
447
00:31:49,106 --> 00:31:52,776
at all there white papers of how can we
transition, that's the least impactful.
448
00:31:52,776 --> 00:31:57,936
But we have otherwise, we can do
tunneling, and what that means is, you know,
449
00:31:57,936 --> 00:32:04,326
let's say the world around us we we're
slow and the internet became IPv6
450
00:32:04,326 --> 00:32:06,766
and the whole IPv4 internet is shutdown, right?
451
00:32:06,976 --> 00:32:14,646
We can actually still run IPv4 on our networks,
think of this like a VPN right, IPv4 over here
452
00:32:14,716 --> 00:32:21,376
and I can actually tunnel that through the IPv6
internet to where I can run IPv4 on both sides
453
00:32:21,716 --> 00:32:24,966
and still communicate through
this tunnel like a VPN.
454
00:32:25,296 --> 00:32:29,226
More likely is the early adapters,
you probably won't see much of that,
455
00:32:29,436 --> 00:32:32,316
you'll see people that are like, "Oh
men, we're ready, we're going to IPv6
456
00:32:32,606 --> 00:32:37,346
but the internet connection has not caught
up yet so it's still IPv4, same concept.
457
00:32:37,346 --> 00:32:40,276
You can create-- that's why
I say 6 to 4 or 4 to 6.
458
00:32:40,276 --> 00:32:46,556
I can do a 6 to 4 tunnel to where I'm tunneling
IPv6 through an IPv4 internet or it doesn't have
459
00:32:46,556 --> 00:32:51,116
to be the internet, it could be a WAN link, it
could be a service router, it could be anything
460
00:32:51,356 --> 00:32:55,936
that just has not converted as of yet, so you
can slowly bring up your networks one-by-one
461
00:32:55,936 --> 00:32:58,586
to IPv6 and tunnel them to
each other, pretty cool.
462
00:32:58,666 --> 00:33:06,226
The last one is NAT, they modified NAT to
where it does protocol translation NAT-PT
463
00:33:06,466 --> 00:33:12,286
to where I can have, let's just say we've
got the IPv4 internet as it stands today
464
00:33:12,486 --> 00:33:17,606
and I've decided to be that early adapter
and I'm running IPv6 on my internal network,
465
00:33:17,606 --> 00:33:24,686
NAT-PT allows me-- or IPT [phonetic],
NAT-PT allows me to take those v6 addresses
466
00:33:24,686 --> 00:33:27,036
and NAT them out to a v4 address.
467
00:33:27,036 --> 00:33:34,006
Let's just say 200.1.1.1 so it hides the entire
IPv6 network behind the scenes and just comes
468
00:33:34,006 --> 00:33:35,966
out as a version 4 public address.
469
00:33:37,316 --> 00:33:41,196
So, I know I've said this a couple of
times, moving the IPv6 is not going
470
00:33:41,196 --> 00:33:45,806
to be a Y2K experience, it's not going to be
one day you wake up and you're like, "Oh man,
471
00:33:45,806 --> 00:33:48,826
November 3rd, I've got to convert,"
you know, or something, you know,
472
00:33:48,826 --> 00:33:51,026
you've got to run to that date and be that,
473
00:33:51,276 --> 00:33:55,206
IPv4 will be around for a long
time, I-- can I say how long?
474
00:33:55,206 --> 00:33:59,316
I don't know, I would-- 20 years, and
let me throw another wild prediction
475
00:33:59,316 --> 00:34:02,496
that by the time I get there I totally forget
it and nobody will call me on it anyway.
476
00:34:02,496 --> 00:34:04,926
Twenty years IPv4 is gone, right?
477
00:34:05,176 --> 00:34:09,466
IPv6 has taken over as its entire--
does that mean you cannot run IPv4?
478
00:34:09,796 --> 00:34:13,866
No, it does not, you can use those
migration strategies for a long time to come.
479
00:34:13,866 --> 00:34:17,966
So, we've seen-- you've got
to feel a little better
480
00:34:17,966 --> 00:34:19,956
about IPv6 after seeing this nugget, right?
481
00:34:20,226 --> 00:34:24,046
We've seen how we can go in assign
IPv6 addresses to your router,
482
00:34:24,266 --> 00:34:29,086
verify those addresses, turn on routing,
both static routing and OSPF, same command,
483
00:34:29,086 --> 00:34:34,476
same concept as before, same cars just
a different engine, we put IPv6 in front
484
00:34:34,476 --> 00:34:37,976
of all the commands and now we can
start routing the IPv6 addresses
485
00:34:38,246 --> 00:34:44,176
and then finally we saw how we can migrate
over, how we can cut over from IPv4 to v6.
486
00:34:44,236 --> 00:34:47,706
Now, I hope this has been informative for you
and I would like to thank you for viewing.
50722
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