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Only one creature
has carved a life for itself
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in every habitat on earth.
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00:00:12,057 --> 00:00:15,413
That creature is us.
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00:00:17,537 --> 00:00:23,487
All over the world, we still use our
ingenuity to survive in the wild places,
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far from the city lights,
face to face with raw nature.
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This is the Human Planet.
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The sea covers 70%
of our planet's surface.
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It's home to three-quarters
of all life on earth.
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All the creatures found here are perfectly
adapted to thrive in the ocean...
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...all except one.
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We are not evolved for a life aquatic...
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...and we're way out of our depth
in this dangerous and alien world.
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But great opportunities await those people
who dare to venture into the water.
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As we immerse ourselves
ever deeper in the big blue,
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how do we overcome
the enormous challenges that confront us?
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Our relationship with the ocean
begins on the coast.
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Even here,
the sea is a force to be reckoned with.
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Galicia, in Northern Spain, is home
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to one of Europe's
most treacherous coasts.
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But the more extreme the conditions,
the greater the rewards,
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if, like Javier and Angel,
you're prepared to take the risk.
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Javier and Angel are on the hunt
for a strange creature
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that clings to the wave-battered rocks...
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at the bottom of these cliffs.
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They have to move fast.
Their quarry is only exposed at low tide.
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Vamos! Arriba! Arriba!
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(SPEAKS SPANISH)
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It's goose barnacles they're after,
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a highly prized delicacy
that can sell for 200 euros a kilo.
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But it's not easy pickings.
Each year, about five collectors die.
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Few dare work when it's this rough.
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But those who do can charge
a premium for their harvest.
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Despite the onslaught,
Javier's filled his bag.
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Now it's Angel's turn,
and though it's getting even rougher...
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...he's going in with no safety rope.
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Working unattached
allows him to dash between waves
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and reach the lowest rocks,
where the biggest barnacles grow.
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But one slip could be fatal.
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Although the tide's coming in,
Angel's determined to collect more.
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Javier and Angel's gamble paid off.
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In two hours, they've gathered
enough goose barnacles
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to fetch around 800 euros.
Not bad for a day at the seaside.
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It's this abundance of food
that entices us into the waves.
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And just a little further out,
there are even greater riches.
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Coastal waters account forjust
one-tenth of the world's oceans,
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but they're home
to the vast majority of marine life.
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The trouble is, as we venture further
from the shore, the dangers escalate.
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Benjamin's training to be a harpoonist
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and he knows, any day now,
all he's learned could be put to the test.
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He lives on a small Indonesian island
called Lembata.
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Few crops grow in this rocky land,
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and even surviving from the sea
is a struggle.
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(CHATTER)
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But there's one animal they wait for
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that can dramatically change
their fortunes.
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(SHOUTING)
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(SHOUTING)
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The whole village springs into action.
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(SHOUTING)
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It's a race against time
to get out to sea.
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Benjamin and the rest of the crew
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are about to take on
the biggest predator that's ever lived.
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They all know the risks,
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but opportunities don't come
much bigger than this.
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The sperm whale.
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(WHALE SONG)
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Up to 1 8 metres long, these mighty
leviathans are powerful animals
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and they won't go down without a fight.
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With simple wooden boats
and handmade weapons,
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the whalers seem ill-prepared for battle,
but this is how it's been for 600 years.
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They can only harpoon the whale
when it surfaces to breathe...
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...so they need to move fast.
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Benjamin's brother prepares
to launch himself at the whale.
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This is the most dangerous moment of all.
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But he misses,
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and now someone else must step up
before the whale dives.
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(SHOUTING)
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Benjamin's moment has arrived.
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He's got it.
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But the battle has just begun.
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As the whale fights to break free,
they move to harpoon it again.
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They need to prevent it from diving
and pulling a boat under.
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But it's not enough.
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Terrified of the thrashing whale,
the crew scramble to safety.
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Another boat attacks
and harpoons the whale once more.
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Now dragging several boats,
the whale slowly tires.
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Eventually, its struggles are exhausted
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and a final cut, through its backbone,
is made.
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It's been an epic eight-hour battle,
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but Benjamin has shown his skill
and bravery...
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...and this time everyone returns
safely home.
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The death of a whale may be sad to us,
but this is their lifeline.
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One catch can feed a village for months,
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and this small-scale hunt in Lembata
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doesn't threaten whale numbers
in these oceans.
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They only take around six whales a year.
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Nothing is wasted. The meat is shared out.
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As the man who dealt the decisive blow,
Benjamin gets a larger share,
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and for a while at least,
his family won't be going hungry.
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(CHATTER)
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Although we've evolved for a life on land,
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we've become
remarkably efficient oceanic hunters.
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Adaptability is the secret of our success
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at discovering new ways
to exploit the ocean.
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And in a few special places, this means
working with the creatures of the sea.
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These fishermen of Laguna in Brazil
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have forged one of the most
extraordinary partnerships
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between humans and wild animals
found anywhere on earth.
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Edson is up early
to fish the large numbers of mullet
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that migrate through these waters
every May.
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But there's a problem.
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The water's so murky, the fishermen
can't see where to cast their nets.
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So, they join forces with
the most intelligent animal in the sea.
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But, like all relationships,
a certain amount of patience is required.
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(CHATTER)
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Finally, their friends surface.
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(CLICKING AND WHISTLING)
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The local bottlenose dolphins
are celebrities in Laguna.
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In fact, Edson and his pal Alfredo
know each one by name.
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Incredibly, the dolphins drive the mullet
towards the fishermen,
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and even signal when to cast their nets,
with these distinctive dives.
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(CHATTER)
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The fishermen say they can tell
the size of the school,
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and which way it's travelling,
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from the vigour and direction of the dive.
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The dolphins do the hard work,
herding the mullet.
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The fish are served
to the fishermen on a plate...
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...but what the dolphins stand to gain
is less clear.
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Since they detect prey by echolocation,
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they have no problem
hunting in the murky water,
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but picking off individuals
from the school is more difficult.
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It seems the nets panic the fish
into breaking formation,
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making them much easier
for the dolphins to chase down.
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(CHATTER AND SHOUTING)
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(CHATTER)
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As the nets are hauled in,
the benefits of teamwork are revealed.
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(CHATTER)
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Edson and the other fishermen
have no doubt
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how much the dolphins help them.
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No matter how we catch it,
seafood is vital to human survival,
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providing the main source of protein
for about half the world's population.
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(SHOUTING)
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But there's a lot more to our ancient
connection with the sea than just food.
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The more we've come to depend
on the ocean,
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and the further we've pushed
into its vast frontier,
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the greater its influence
has become in our lives.
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The Pacific covers one-third of the globe.
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The tiny specks of land
in the middle of it
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are about as remote as life can get
for a human being.
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With so few options on land,
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the surrounding ocean underpins almost
every aspect of life on a Pacific island.
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Over 3,000 kilometres
from the nearest continent,
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Hawaii is one of the most isolated of all.
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There are few places where the sea has had
a greater impact on human existence.
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(CHANTING SONG)
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(CHANTING SONG)
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MAN: The ocean, significantly to us,
it's...it's our home.
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Our connection is so great,
we look at it as our origin.
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The water is who we are, and the water
is our mother, our father, our gods.
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For Tom ''Pohako''Stone,
displaying his skill in the ocean
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is a central part of what it means
to be Hawaiian.
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Sliding on waves, as it was known,
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has been practised
by the Polynesians for millennia.
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But it was around 1,000 years ago,
when they arrived in Hawaii,
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that it evolved into surfing.
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TOM: When we actually learned
that we could construct boards
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to stand up and surf a wave,
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it became a very ritualistic component
of our culture.
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Far more than just a sport, surfing was
a sacred art form for Tom's ancestors.
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It was a core part of their society,
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and the noble pursuit
of warriors, kings and queens.
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TOM: We have a lot of history
about women that...that surf,
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and, you know, they surfed so well
that they actually reached godly status.
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We revered these women.
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From ancient origins,
surfing has now gone global.
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And for some,
searching for the ride of your life
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has become an extreme obsession.
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December 9th, 2009.
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The world's surfing elite
has gathered in Hawaii,
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to ride some of the biggest swells
to hit these shores in over a decade.
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Surfing's certainly changed,
but for many it's still a way of life,
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and the best riders are still
revered as gods
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amongst the worldwide surfing tribe.
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With waves over 1 5 metres,
five storeys high,
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this is a real test of skill and stamina.
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Ken Bradshaw is famed
for taming a 26-metre wave,
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probably the biggest ever ridden.
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But these unpredictable swells
can claim even the most seasoned surfer.
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Trapped in a rolling mountain
of white water,
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Ken is tossed around like a rag doll
in a washing machine.
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Just as he surfaces,
another giant breaker comes crashing in.
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00:24:26,137 --> 00:24:29,925
After a relentless pounding
from six successive waves,
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Ken eventually escapes in one piece.
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00:24:38,417 --> 00:24:41,329
All big wave surfers know the risks,
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but the adrenaline and the glory
is addictive.
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And just as the ancient Hawaiians
discovered,
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surfing is still the most
spectacular demonstration
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of our ability to conquer the waves.
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Our mastery of the sea is impressive,
but we'll never tame its full fury.
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The enormous waves of December 9th
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were created by intense
tropical cyclone activity in the Pacific.
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When warm waters fuel the ferocity
of depressions over the ocean,
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they can create
the most violent weather systems on earth.
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People must stay well away
from the raging sea
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during these tempestuous times,
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but they can't stop it coming to them.
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00:26:38,057 --> 00:26:43,006
These super-storms, with winds
of over 300 kilometres per hour,
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wreak havoc on the human world.
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(SHOUTING)
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It can take years to recover
from the destruction.
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(SHOUTING)
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Sometimes over 1,600 kilometres wide,
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00:27:05,417 --> 00:27:11,492
hurricanes and typhoons are persistent
reminders of the ocean's awesome force.
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It's little wonder that coastal people
look at these mighty waters
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with great reverence...
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...but not just for
the power of the ocean,
217
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but also the power
of the creatures that live in it.
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In the islands off Papua New Guinea,
Blais is known as a sorcerer of the sea.
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Possessing the mysterious ability
to summon sharks from the deep,
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he's one of the last so-called
''shark callers';
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a traditional hunting technique
steeped in superstition.
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(CHANTS SONG)
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00:28:32,457 --> 00:28:36,928
Blais respects ritual,
but he also understands shark behaviour.
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00:28:36,977 --> 00:28:42,973
Rattling in the water
mimics the activity of feeding fish.
225
00:28:43,017 --> 00:28:46,646
Sharks can detect these vibrations
from three kilometres away,
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00:28:46,697 --> 00:28:48,972
but they don't always respond.
227
00:28:49,017 --> 00:28:51,611
(CHANTS SONG)
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(RATTLING)
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00:29:13,937 --> 00:29:15,165
(RATTLING)
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And as industrial fishing
decimates shark numbers,
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the waits are getting even longer.
232
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(RATTLING)
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Finally, a grey reef shark
emerges from the blue.
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00:29:39,577 --> 00:29:42,455
Blais has appeased its spirit.
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00:29:43,977 --> 00:29:48,971
But now he has to catch it,
and sharks are notoriously skittish.
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It's a game of cat and mouse.
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Blais tries to entice the shark close
enough to slip a noose around its neck...
238
00:30:13,777 --> 00:30:17,087
...but one false move and it's game over.
239
00:30:21,977 --> 00:30:27,927
Finally it takes the bait.
Slowly he prepares the noose.
240
00:30:50,977 --> 00:30:54,686
Blais can't keep hold of
the thrashing shark,
241
00:30:54,737 --> 00:30:58,207
but this wooden float prevents it diving.
242
00:31:16,137 --> 00:31:21,336
Then, as if under a spell,
the shark suddenly stops.
243
00:31:28,217 --> 00:31:32,893
But in fact the float exploits
a quirk in shark biology,
244
00:31:32,937 --> 00:31:38,807
exhausting it so much, it enters a state
known as tonic immobility.
245
00:31:41,217 --> 00:31:43,606
Blais approaches with caution.
246
00:31:44,617 --> 00:31:49,771
The shark is still very much alive
and its bite could cause serious injury.
247
00:32:02,857 --> 00:32:06,816
In the past, Blais would have
killed the shark for food.
248
00:32:08,577 --> 00:32:11,728
But today he lets it go free.
249
00:32:14,257 --> 00:32:18,170
Blais is committed to keeping
his shark-calling culture alive...
250
00:32:18,217 --> 00:32:20,777
(SOUNDING HORN)
251
00:32:23,257 --> 00:32:26,055
...and this means keeping sharks alive.
252
00:32:43,057 --> 00:32:47,016
And it's not just traditions
that are threatened.
253
00:32:48,617 --> 00:32:50,653
In some seas around the world,
254
00:32:50,697 --> 00:32:54,292
a growing shortage of fish
is forcing people deeper and deeper,
255
00:32:54,337 --> 00:32:57,329
just to land a decent catch.
256
00:32:58,377 --> 00:33:03,053
So deep, they venture
to the very limits of human survival.
257
00:33:08,857 --> 00:33:11,610
Welcome to the world
of the Pa-aling divers,
258
00:33:11,657 --> 00:33:15,445
perhaps the most dangerous
fishing method of all.
259
00:33:16,897 --> 00:33:20,014
80 men, many of whom are still teenagers,
260
00:33:20,057 --> 00:33:23,333
are preparing to dive to over 40 metres,
261
00:33:23,377 --> 00:33:29,566
breathing air pumped through these
makeshift tubes by this rusty compressor.
262
00:33:30,777 --> 00:33:36,454
Joseph is one of the youngest aboard,
but he's aware of the risks.
263
00:33:43,057 --> 00:33:47,096
He's already witnessed
just how lethal his job can be.
264
00:34:05,057 --> 00:34:08,811
The seas around the Philippines
were once rich with life,
265
00:34:08,857 --> 00:34:10,813
but they've been so over-exploited
266
00:34:10,857 --> 00:34:16,568
that decent fish numbers
are only found at perilous depths.
267
00:34:19,497 --> 00:34:21,328
(SHOUTING)
268
00:34:30,257 --> 00:34:35,092
The divers guide the huge ball of nets
40 metres down to the sea floor,
269
00:34:35,137 --> 00:34:38,493
but all the while
their air supply is at risk.
270
00:34:40,337 --> 00:34:42,293
Back on the boat,
271
00:34:42,337 --> 00:34:45,886
the ailing compressor
and the ever-worsening tangle of tubes
272
00:34:45,937 --> 00:34:47,450
need constant attention.
273
00:34:49,777 --> 00:34:54,055
Like a failing heart
pumping through clogged arteries,
274
00:34:54,097 --> 00:34:56,292
if this circulation system fails,
275
00:34:56,337 --> 00:35:00,376
at this depth, it's almost certain death.
276
00:35:07,177 --> 00:35:09,372
Joseph and the team unravel the nets
277
00:35:09,417 --> 00:35:12,011
and lay them out
by securing them to rocks.
278
00:35:25,137 --> 00:35:26,809
They must work fast.
279
00:35:26,857 --> 00:35:30,372
Joseph knows, the longer he spends
at these depths,
280
00:35:30,417 --> 00:35:32,487
the more dangerous it becomes.
281
00:35:32,537 --> 00:35:36,416
With every breath,
more nitrogen dissolves in his body,
282
00:35:36,457 --> 00:35:41,577
making him increasingly vulnerable
to decompression sickness - ''the bends''.
283
00:36:01,337 --> 00:36:05,615
The top of the net is suspended
by plastic containers filled with air,
284
00:36:05,657 --> 00:36:09,252
creating a huge cavernous trap beneath.
285
00:36:17,097 --> 00:36:20,646
Now it's time to set the scare-line.
286
00:36:30,737 --> 00:36:36,448
The boats drag the 1,000-metre line
to form a huge circle around the net,
287
00:36:36,497 --> 00:36:39,534
and the divers position themselves
along it.
288
00:36:42,377 --> 00:36:48,009
Joseph and the team begin closing
the trap by swimming towards the net.
289
00:36:48,057 --> 00:36:51,447
The waving streamers
and the curtain of rising bubbles
290
00:36:51,497 --> 00:36:54,136
panics the fish and they flee.
291
00:37:01,417 --> 00:37:04,409
As the line of divers tightens,
more and more fish
292
00:37:04,457 --> 00:37:07,574
swim straight into the gaping net.
293
00:37:13,417 --> 00:37:15,453
This deep-sea round-up is so effective,
294
00:37:15,497 --> 00:37:19,092
it can take 50% of the fish
from a reef.
295
00:37:35,017 --> 00:37:39,169
The net is closed, and now Joseph must do
something even more dangerous,
296
00:37:39,217 --> 00:37:43,813
get inside and herd the catch
to the far end.
297
00:38:02,617 --> 00:38:07,008
On deck, the tangled web of tubes
is getting worse.
298
00:38:25,017 --> 00:38:29,647
Once the catch is concentrated, the net
is released from its anchor points.
299
00:38:36,337 --> 00:38:39,374
Now comes the most lethal stage of all -
300
00:38:39,417 --> 00:38:42,853
guiding the net
as it shoots to the surface.
301
00:38:42,897 --> 00:38:47,573
All too often, the divers ascend
too quickly and get the bends.
302
00:39:07,057 --> 00:39:11,414
As the catch is hauled onto the boat,
its size is revealed.
303
00:39:13,497 --> 00:39:16,489
Just under a tonne of fish isn't bad,
304
00:39:16,537 --> 00:39:21,736
but it's nowhere near what these fishermen
were landing a few years ago.
305
00:39:22,777 --> 00:39:28,807
And this isn't the only problem.
Some of the crew do have the bends.
306
00:39:28,857 --> 00:39:32,930
One diver has returned to the bottom
to relieve the symptoms,
307
00:39:32,977 --> 00:39:36,174
whilst, closer to the surface,
another is massaged
308
00:39:36,217 --> 00:39:39,448
to release the painful bubbles
in his spine.
309
00:39:44,057 --> 00:39:46,571
Every day, these Pa-aling divers
310
00:39:46,617 --> 00:39:50,246
are taking greater risks
for dwindling rewards.
311
00:40:10,257 --> 00:40:12,817
Joseph has his dreams,
312
00:40:12,857 --> 00:40:19,774
but the harsh reality is he'll be diving
twice again today,just to make ends meet.
313
00:40:22,057 --> 00:40:24,412
We've become so successful in the ocean,
314
00:40:24,457 --> 00:40:29,292
it's predicted that in 50 years
almost all the fish could be gone...
315
00:40:32,217 --> 00:40:35,687
...and this may not be
the only change to come.
316
00:40:37,177 --> 00:40:41,056
All around the world,
sea levels are rising.
317
00:40:41,097 --> 00:40:45,887
Soon our planet could be
even more dominated by the ocean,
318
00:40:45,937 --> 00:40:50,533
and our ability to survive here
will be pushed to the very limit.
319
00:40:57,617 --> 00:41:02,896
Yet there are some people who've
already adapted to life in a water world.
320
00:41:07,737 --> 00:41:12,811
In the coral seas between Borneo,
Sulawesi and the Philippines,
321
00:41:12,857 --> 00:41:16,167
there are people who live
more intimately with the ocean
322
00:41:16,217 --> 00:41:18,173
than any other culture on earth.
323
00:41:27,897 --> 00:41:32,254
The Bajau Laut build their lives
in the middle of the sea,
324
00:41:32,297 --> 00:41:34,891
often many kilometres from land.
325
00:41:34,937 --> 00:41:37,053
(CHATTERING)
326
00:41:46,617 --> 00:41:51,247
The ocean has a profound influence
on every aspect of their existence.
327
00:41:51,297 --> 00:41:54,733
They even measure the passage of time
by the rhythm of the tides
328
00:41:54,777 --> 00:41:57,371
rather than minutes and hours.
329
00:42:05,737 --> 00:42:10,253
And there are some whose relationship
with the sea runs even deeper.
330
00:42:19,577 --> 00:42:22,216
The Bajau, who live on houseboats,
331
00:42:22,257 --> 00:42:26,045
have almost completely
severed their ties with the land.
332
00:42:31,017 --> 00:42:34,089
Nohara rarely sets foot ashore.
333
00:43:00,857 --> 00:43:07,296
Nohara and her family usually only
visit land to trade for rice and fuel,
334
00:43:07,337 --> 00:43:10,135
or to mend their boats.
335
00:43:10,177 --> 00:43:13,726
But, like many Bajau,
Nohara gets ''land-sick''
336
00:43:13,777 --> 00:43:16,245
and she prefers to stay aboard.
337
00:43:18,617 --> 00:43:23,327
Her family has no nationality,
no fixed abode and almost no money,
338
00:43:23,377 --> 00:43:26,892
but the ocean provides
everything they need.
339
00:43:29,617 --> 00:43:33,166
They eat a bewildering variety of seafood.
340
00:43:40,377 --> 00:43:45,212
Her children adapt to an aquatic
way of life from a very young age.
341
00:43:49,337 --> 00:43:53,615
Some Bajau children
spend so much time in the sea,
342
00:43:53,657 --> 00:43:56,535
their eyes adjust
to focus better underwater.
343
00:44:00,097 --> 00:44:05,125
But there's one member of this community
whose adaptation is even more staggering.
344
00:44:08,777 --> 00:44:11,769
Sulbin is an underwater hunter,
345
00:44:11,817 --> 00:44:15,605
and the living proof ofjust how far
we can push our bodies
346
00:44:15,657 --> 00:44:17,409
towards a life aquatic.
347
00:44:40,617 --> 00:44:46,089
Sulbin's search for supper takes him
on a incredible journey under the waves,
348
00:44:46,137 --> 00:44:50,050
and his abilities
will take your breath away.
349
00:44:54,337 --> 00:44:59,809
First he prepares
by entering a trance-like state.
350
00:45:18,337 --> 00:45:25,015
Sulbin is about to push his body
almost beyond the realms of possibility,
351
00:45:25,057 --> 00:45:28,936
and if you want to try and join him,
get ready to hold your breath
352
00:45:28,977 --> 00:45:30,854
for as long as you can.
353
00:45:36,457 --> 00:45:39,767
He takes one last breath.
354
00:46:01,857 --> 00:46:07,250
Focused and calm, Sulbin descends
20 metres to the sea floor.
355
00:46:17,177 --> 00:46:21,295
His heartbeat slows
to around 30 beats per minute.
356
00:46:22,857 --> 00:46:25,894
The pressure at these depths
crushes his chest,
357
00:46:25,937 --> 00:46:30,692
squeezing the air in his lungs
to one-third of its usual volume,
358
00:46:34,297 --> 00:46:37,812
Even without weights,
he's negatively buoyant enough
359
00:46:37,857 --> 00:46:42,089
to stride across the bottom of the sea
as if hunting on land.
360
00:46:59,697 --> 00:47:03,087
By now, the carbon dioxide in his blood
causes
361
00:47:03,137 --> 00:47:06,493
an almost irresistible urge
to gasp for air,
362
00:47:06,537 --> 00:47:10,610
but Sulbin must keep his mind on the hunt.
363
00:47:19,937 --> 00:47:25,057
After a minute and three-quarters,
Sulbin spots a fish.
364
00:47:36,777 --> 00:47:43,296
Sulbin can go even deeper than this
and stay down for up to five minutes,
365
00:47:44,497 --> 00:47:48,615
but he's not one to show off
and, after all, he's got what he came for.
366
00:47:51,457 --> 00:47:57,054
Two-and-a-half minutes of hunting
under pressure on one breath.
367
00:47:57,097 --> 00:48:01,010
Perhaps the idea of humans
existing as marine mammals
368
00:48:01,057 --> 00:48:03,412
is not so far-fetched after all.
369
00:48:15,337 --> 00:48:18,454
Through amazing adaptability
and endeavour,
370
00:48:18,497 --> 00:48:21,967
we've pushed our limits of survival
into the ocean,
371
00:48:22,017 --> 00:48:25,896
and, as we've immersed ourselves
deeper in the sea,
372
00:48:25,937 --> 00:48:29,168
it's had a profound effect on our lives.
373
00:48:35,177 --> 00:48:40,126
But as we continue to change the nature
of the greatest environment on our planet,
374
00:48:40,177 --> 00:48:45,809
how we'll adapt in the future
remains to be seen.
375
00:48:57,097 --> 00:49:01,932
The most technical and demanding shoots
for the Human Planet: Oceans programme
376
00:49:01,977 --> 00:49:04,730
were those that took place underwater.
377
00:49:06,017 --> 00:49:10,772
The dive camera crew were well prepared
to film fishermen in the Philippines.
378
00:49:10,817 --> 00:49:15,254
But they weren't quite prepared
for the dangers they'd witness
379
00:49:15,297 --> 00:49:17,811
and the friendships they'd forge.
380
00:49:21,097 --> 00:49:26,330
Liminangcong is home to the 80 Pa-aling
fishermen that the film crew will follow.
381
00:49:42,137 --> 00:49:47,086
Two fishing boats are crammed
with 80 divers, their food and provisions,
382
00:49:47,137 --> 00:49:50,334
before heading out for two weeks at sea.
383
00:49:54,097 --> 00:49:56,770
At the fishing grounds,
Simon and Roger are playing catch-up,
384
00:49:56,817 --> 00:50:01,288
as their technical underwater equipment
is slowing them down.
385
00:50:01,337 --> 00:50:03,805
They've just dropped the lines.
They didn't even tell us.
386
00:50:03,857 --> 00:50:06,325
The captain seems to be on a mission
to prove something today
387
00:50:06,377 --> 00:50:08,811
so we've got to go fast.
388
00:50:11,977 --> 00:50:15,447
Underwater filming is risky,
but these risks are nothing
389
00:50:15,497 --> 00:50:19,410
compared to those faced daily
by the compressor divers.
390
00:50:23,457 --> 00:50:27,006
Compressor diving
is a dangerous way to make a living.
391
00:50:28,257 --> 00:50:31,329
Air, often tainted with diesel,
392
00:50:31,377 --> 00:50:34,813
is pumped through thin plastic tubes
right down to the divers.
393
00:50:37,857 --> 00:50:41,167
At 64,Joning is one of
the veterans on the boat,
394
00:50:41,217 --> 00:50:44,414
and knows the harsh realities
of compressor diving.
395
00:50:58,537 --> 00:51:02,212
Most of the divers are young and fit,
and they need to be.
396
00:51:02,257 --> 00:51:03,656
It's physically demanding work
397
00:51:03,697 --> 00:51:08,213
and the men are totally reliant
on the compressor to keep them breathing.
398
00:51:24,857 --> 00:51:29,009
To use, basically, what's essentially
a garden hose down at 25 metres,
399
00:51:29,057 --> 00:51:30,888
to pump air into your mouth, is just mad.
400
00:51:33,977 --> 00:51:37,208
The biggest danger for these fishermen
is known as
401
00:51:37,257 --> 00:51:40,169
decompression sickness,
or ''the bends''.
402
00:51:42,097 --> 00:51:46,727
The bends can happen when divers
have been down deep for a long time,
403
00:51:46,777 --> 00:51:49,530
and then come up too quickly
to the surface.
404
00:51:49,577 --> 00:51:52,489
Nitrogen is absorbed into the body
405
00:51:52,537 --> 00:51:53,936
and, as the divers rise up,
406
00:51:53,977 --> 00:51:58,846
bubbles are formed that can lodge
in the joints, causing intense pain.
407
00:52:01,057 --> 00:52:06,370
Two guys are in real trouble
on this deep dive.
408
00:52:06,417 --> 00:52:09,250
Martin, a young diver, is in such pain
409
00:52:09,297 --> 00:52:12,972
that his friend tries to relieve it
by massaging him.
410
00:52:15,257 --> 00:52:18,408
Once on the surface,
it's obvious to everyone
411
00:52:18,457 --> 00:52:20,846
that Martin is still in trouble.
412
00:52:23,737 --> 00:52:30,210
If not treated, the bends can lead
to permanent injuries and even death.
413
00:52:32,337 --> 00:52:37,047
Meanwhile, the second diver,
Michael, is also having problems.
414
00:52:37,097 --> 00:52:40,169
It seems like two men just came up
with the bends.
415
00:52:40,217 --> 00:52:42,572
They went pretty deep on this dive,
trying to get more fish.
416
00:52:42,617 --> 00:52:46,769
But we've taken them onto our boat
to get some medical attention
417
00:52:46,817 --> 00:52:49,206
so, hopefully, they're all right.
418
00:52:50,297 --> 00:52:54,654
Simon tries to relieve their symptoms
with the crew's first aid supplies.
419
00:52:54,697 --> 00:52:56,130
One more.
420
00:52:56,177 --> 00:52:59,169
Michael's had 1 5 minutes on oxygen now.
421
00:52:59,217 --> 00:53:01,526
I've now put Martin back
onto another set of 1 5 minutes.
422
00:53:01,577 --> 00:53:05,695
This is the...you know,
the rudimentary decompression first aid
423
00:53:05,737 --> 00:53:07,329
we can give them at the moment -
424
00:53:07,377 --> 00:53:11,336
give them oxygen, give them water
to rehydrate and keep them warm.
425
00:53:11,377 --> 00:53:15,290
Both of them are saying
that their symptoms are decreasing
426
00:53:15,337 --> 00:53:19,455
and they are looking a lot more happy
than they did about half an hour ago.
427
00:53:19,497 --> 00:53:21,249
He gives them oxygen,
428
00:53:21,297 --> 00:53:25,051
which helps reduce the nitrogen
in their bodies and relieves their pain,
429
00:53:25,097 --> 00:53:28,612
but even this most basic
of diving first aid
430
00:53:28,657 --> 00:53:31,854
is not normally available
to the Pa-aling fishermen.
431
00:53:31,897 --> 00:53:33,296
No pain?
432
00:53:33,337 --> 00:53:35,487
This isn't surprising,
433
00:53:35,537 --> 00:53:39,735
as the fishermen in the Philippines belong
to the lowest wage earners in the country,
434
00:53:39,777 --> 00:53:44,567
earning about 25 US dollars
for a week's work.
435
00:53:45,897 --> 00:53:51,290
However, for many, like Joning and his
family, this is their whole way of life.
436
00:54:22,097 --> 00:54:26,136
His son had got the bends,
and now has to use crutches.
437
00:54:27,857 --> 00:54:32,055
But this isn't the only time
the dangers of compressor diving
438
00:54:32,097 --> 00:54:33,894
have hit Joning's family.
439
00:55:06,857 --> 00:55:08,575
I'm very sorry about that.
440
00:55:08,617 --> 00:55:12,166
That's...yeah, that's terrible.
441
00:55:12,217 --> 00:55:14,606
(MUTTERS)
442
00:55:14,657 --> 00:55:17,933
- That's very sad, isn't it?
- It is.
443
00:55:28,057 --> 00:55:31,606
Having spent a week living
and working with the compressor divers,
444
00:55:31,657 --> 00:55:35,650
Simon and Roger have become
very close to the fishermen.
445
00:55:35,697 --> 00:55:37,688
(CHATTERING)
446
00:55:37,737 --> 00:55:40,251
To fully understand their way of life,
447
00:55:40,297 --> 00:55:44,973
Simon needed to experience first-hand
what it's like to be a compressor diver.
448
00:55:47,777 --> 00:55:52,089
So Joning is keen to take him
on a shallow dive.
449
00:55:52,137 --> 00:55:53,775
(AIR HISSES)
450
00:55:53,817 --> 00:55:57,332
SIMON: I've seen the boys do it.
They've made it look easy.
451
00:55:57,377 --> 00:56:00,892
But we've had several guys that have
gone down with symptoms of the bends.
452
00:56:00,937 --> 00:56:04,009
I've got to admit I'm feeling
a little bit apprehensive, actually.
453
00:56:09,217 --> 00:56:14,416
Simon has scuba-dived for 1 6 years
and has logged over 3,000 dives,
454
00:56:14,457 --> 00:56:18,132
but this is diving at its most basic.
455
00:56:24,657 --> 00:56:28,093
SIMON: The first minute, I've got to say,
456
00:56:28,137 --> 00:56:31,527
I was, er...a little bit petrified,
actually.
457
00:56:31,577 --> 00:56:35,968
This is a violent thing. It's just
punching air down your throat.
458
00:56:36,017 --> 00:56:37,086
It's quite mad.
459
00:56:37,137 --> 00:56:40,015
It took me a minute
to kinda get myself under control
460
00:56:40,057 --> 00:56:42,207
and then once you've got the hang of it,
461
00:56:42,257 --> 00:56:45,772
and once you believe in it
and trust in it, then you can swim on.
462
00:57:04,937 --> 00:57:06,893
There were a couple of times
when I lost it, though.
463
00:57:06,937 --> 00:57:08,814
I was flailing around everywhere.
464
00:57:08,857 --> 00:57:11,815
I was trying to find it again
and get it back in.
465
00:57:11,857 --> 00:57:17,011
But Joning was keeping a good eye on me,
and the rest of the guys were as well,
466
00:57:17,057 --> 00:57:22,768
but I wouldn't want to do that for
a whole sort of fish-catching session,
467
00:57:22,817 --> 00:57:24,216
that's for sure.
468
00:57:25,897 --> 00:57:29,776
A strong camaraderie
between the divers has been forged.
469
00:57:29,817 --> 00:57:33,173
The film crew have captured
a dramatic sequence,
470
00:57:33,217 --> 00:57:37,210
and the fishermen head home happy,
with a boatload of fish to sell.
471
00:57:56,777 --> 00:58:02,010
Joning and everyone on board have
finished another Pa-aling fishing trip,
472
00:58:02,057 --> 00:58:05,811
and all can return safe and sound
to their families.
41669
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