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MUSIC

NEWS REPORTERS

I am glad there is an absolute
commitment to advancing the

goal of European integration.
We have very ambitious plans!

We are very ambitious country,
we are very ambitious

government! We have
a special Minister

for European integration
in our cabinet.

We are changing the face of
our country to become

member states on the end of the
day of the European Union.

LAUGHS

EU member is our
goal, is our vision.

We want to be part of Europe.

We want to be colony
and open society.

Who in their right mind would
actually want to be a colony?

MUSIC

MUSIC

MUSIC

I don’t think my early childhood
in Yugoslavia was bad at all

I always got a lot of presents,
the family was close

and close friends were
the extended family.

It’s a very close culture,
people really care

about each other other
in so many ways.

You just don’t see that
here in the same way,

people are very isolated from
each other. They work and

they go home and just watch
television in the evening.

We liked to watch TV as well
and even had a camcorder,

which I, being the cinematically
gifted child that I was,

always tried to get my hands on.

What I really wanted was
the camera he was holding.

When mom took over the
camera so dad could come,

I changed my story.

I was a clever child.
Clever like a fox.

Which was one of the
characters of my

favourite show,
Goodnight kids.

Sometimes my parents would flip
the channel to the Parliament

where there were more
bedtime stories.

As I was getting a little old
for those kinds of stories,

I did what every Yugoslav
did in the Summer.

One month free
vacation with pay!

When was the last time I
had a month vacation…

We Yugoslavs had it,
every single year.

But I never noticed,

I was too young during the
times of Communist Yugoslavia.

Now I know what you’re thinking.
Communism?

It’s an international
criminal conspiracy!

Well, for two decades
prior to 1980

Yugoslavia was prospering
with its annual

GDP growth averaging
6.1 percent.

A decent standard of living,
free medical care and education,

guaranteed right to a job,

affordable public transportation
and housing and utilities,

literacy rate over 90%,

life expectancy was 72 years.

Most of the economy was in the
public, not for profit sector.

Yugoslavia was a different
case because it had

established it’s own form
of a socialist model

of economic activity,
which was a mixed economy

with private capitalist
enterprise, with

state-run industry and
with worker cooperatives.

It was considered to
be a success story

of market socialism.

It had higher rates
of growth

than most of the countries
of Western Europe,

it had an advanced
welfare state,

it was a multiethnic society

which lived in harmony,

and in many regards it was
a model of development.

I guess you could
say there really is

something special
about this land.

So, why have people spilt so
much blood over this land?

Who was to blame here?

Before I continue, where are we?

Yugoslavia was located between
Greece, Italy and Romania

and it was populated
by Serbs, Croats,

Bosnian Muslims,
Slovenes, Macedonians,

all of which are Slavs, and
Albanians,

Hungarians and others.

Their country was the
result of a long fight

to unite the people,

to show the world what they can
achieve if they work together,

regardless of what
happened in the past.

MUSIC LEPA BRENA,
ZIVELA YUGOSLAVIA

Throughout history, this
idea has been a thorn

in the eye of many Empires
and world powers.

The idea was that the Southern
Slavs would not remain weak,

divided people falling
out among themselves

or falling prey to some
imperialist outsider.

Serbs lost their freedom
after the Ottoman Turks

attacked them in 1389 on
the Field of Blackbirds,

which is called Kosovo.

With the Serbs, the
loss of statehood

that lasted several
centuries, for instance,

produced a strong anchorage
in the myth of Kosovo.

Journalists come
to Serbia and say,

Why are you Serbs
so darn crazy

that you celebrate a
battle that you lost?

When you talk about
the Battle of Kosovo.

And you always talk about a
battle and how great it was,

that you fought to the
death but you lost?

Aren’t you guys masochistic?

Isn’t there something wrong
with you?

And I said, Ever
heard of the Alamo?

Remember the Alamo?

Ever heard of Masada?

In which the Jews
defended to the death

and then committed suicide,
rather then to be captured.

For standing up
against the Turks,

Serbs were persecuted

and inventive torture
devices were implemented.

We lived under
terrible persecution.

We were whipped,

we were lynched,

except the manner in which we
were lynched was by impalement.

We were impaled.

If you don’t know what
impalement means,

impalement means a sharpened
stick is put up your anus,

driven through your body and
exits through your back

without going through
your vital organs.

They were experts, Turkish
Ottoman experts who did that.

So you were impaled, like Christ
was put on the cross, to suffer.

There was, however, a
way to avoid all this

- Convert to Islam!

And many did, many
had no choice.

This made a part of the
Slavic population Muslim

while the rest was
Christian Orthodox.

On the other hand, the State
Religion of the Austrian Empire

was Roman Catholic, with a
large Croatian population

greatly influenced by this.

When the Austrians illegally
took over Bosnia and it’s large

Yugoslav population in
1908, the Yugoslav dream

had never been more threatened.

So, a group of Yugoslav
nationalists, Young Bosnia

which included Serbs,
Muslims and Croats,

decided that enough
was enough.

A young man, perhaps you’ve
heard of him, Gavrilo Princip,

shot and killed the Austrian
archduke Ferdinand in Sarajevo.

Afterwards he was
quoted as saying

I am a Yugoslav nationalist,
aiming for the unification

of all Yugoslavs, we must
be free from Austria!

Although the assassination of
their archduke did kinda make

make the Austrians mad and heck,
now they had a reason to attack

attack the last Slavic
stronghold – Serbia.

This was, however, not the
real reason for the attack

the Austrians and Germans
had a plan to expand

their Empire to the East.

War was the only way
they’d achieve this.

CANNON FIRING

During the early
period of World War I.

A bunch of Yugoslav politicians
fled the Habsburg Empire

and formed the Yugoslav
Committee in London

to raise funds and realize
the Yugoslav dream.

Towards the end of the war,
the Committee met up in

Corfu, Greece, with the Serbian
government and declared

that Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
were ,the same by blood,

by language, by the feelings of
their unity, by the continuity

and integrity of the territory
which they inhabit undividedly,

and by the common vital
interests of their national

survival and manifold
development of their

moral and material life...

It was what the Austrians
and Ottomans had feared

The Old World Order was gone

Yugoslavs finally got
a country of their own!

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia
was, sadly, short lived,

because another war was brewing
soon, the likes of which

the world has never seen. In
hopes of keeping Yugoslavia out

of the war, Yugoslav Prince Paul
signed the Tripartite Treaty

with Nazi Germany in 1941.

But the British didn’t like
this, so they encouraged

a coup d’etat and mass
rebellion against the pact.

The British were happy,
but now Hitler wasn’t.

In fact, he was so angry
that he wanted to wipe

Yugoslavia off the map.

Yugoslavia was attacked
from all sides.

Yugoslavia at that time was
divided up into 12 pieces

and some of it went
to fascist Hungary,

some of it went
to fascist Italy.

Macedonia went to the
Bulgarians and the Albanians,

and Serbia was occupied by
the Wermacht and ruled by

the Germans. Croatia and
Bosnia were united into a

Croatian fascist state
under the Ustashe regime.

This was called the
Independent State of Croatia.

The idea, of course, in 1941
was that Croatia would be a

condominium for German
power in the Balkans.

The Croatian fascists were
quick to start eradicating all

non-Croatian elements
elements in the state.

You know what that meant?

Serb hunting season started!

Yes, Hitler’s final solution
was applied here as well,

and hundreds of thousands of
Serbs but also Jews, Roma

and others were killed, most
of them at the 4th largest

concentration camp in
Europe, Jasenovac.

A total number of 600,000
were killed at Jasenovac.

The Croatian fascist regime,
the Ustasha regime,

had one aspect that was
very distinctly different,

and that was that it was a
clerical fascist regime.

It integrated into its
political dictatorship

the Catholic clergy.

They were at the top
of the government,

in the leading councils of
government, and they were also

in the military and they were
in the concentration camps.

They were at Jasenovac.

Some of the actual camp
directors were priests.

The Croatian inquisition, which
took place in World War II,

makes the Spanish inquisition
just look like child’s play.

Pope Pius supported this fascist
regime, the top leadership of

the Vatican was fully cognisant
of what was going on there.

On the other hand, Royalists
loyal to the crown,

called Chetniks, decided to act.

The Chetniks were the
resistance movement

which even though proclaimed
itself The Royal Yugoslav Army

in the Fatherland was composed
almost exclusively of the Serbs.

However, after the bloody
German reprisals in

Serbia in the fall of
1941, the Chetniks

realized that continuing
resistance at any cost, when

the Germans were killing 100
Serbs for a single dead German

was self defeating and suicidal.

This didn’t matter
to the West though,

they just wanted
dead German bodies.

So, all aid to the Chetniks was
cut and shifted towards another

group of fighters who managed
to neutralize all other groups.

The Yugoslav Partisans!

The communists, made up of
members of all ethnicities,

were lead by a guy called Tito.

In 1943, Tito declared
the new Yugoslavia

which was finally liberated
two years later.

Tito, if nothing else,
was brilliant at playing

political games with big
powers for his own interest,

which is just what
Yugoslavia needed to gain

complete independence. It’s
important to say that Tito

wasn’t just a leader, he was a
brand, recognized in the world.

MUSIC

He was one of the founders
of the Non-Aligned movement.

And why were they so important?

They were able to play a middle
ground for the great powers

that allowed the great powers to
potentially talk to each other

and discuss certain issues

that could not be
talked about openly.

He hopes to perform
the difficult feet

of walking both
sides of the street

East and West!

Tito’s strong arm kept
the country together.

When he died on May 4, 1980,

many in Yugoslavia were crying…

maybe not so much
for him as much

they were crying for
Yugoslavia itself.

MUSIC

His funeral was the largest
funeral for a statesman

in recorded history.

MUSIC

Then things started
to fall apart

when Yugoslavia began
to get into debt to

international creditors
shortly after Tito’s death.

In 1984, while the eyes of
the world were pointed at

Sarajevo where the Winter
Olympic Games were being held

held the Reagan administration
was specifically targeting

the Yugoslav economy
in a secret memo,

National Security
Decisions Directive 133,

which stated that: U.S. policy
will be to promote the trend

toward a market-oriented
Yugoslav economy.

And it was in line with
previous decisions directives

which advocated expanded efforts
to promote a quiet revolution

to overthrow Communist
governments and parties.

It triggers a whole series
of other initiatives,

most of which are
not published.

The Decisions Directive
simply states

that what the US would
want to achieve

is that Yugoslavia ceases to
be a market socialist economy

and becomes a free market
economy, modelled on the West.

As the Soviet system was
on its last legs in 1988,

Washington wasted no time in
sending advisers to Yugoslavia

from a non-profit organization
with a high-sounding name,

the National Endowment
for Democracy,

or NED.

Good morning and welcome.

It’s good to have you
all here to help

celebrate the launching of a
program with a vision and a

and a noble purpose,

the establishment of
the National Endowment

goes right to the heart
of America’s faith in

democratic ideals
and institutions.

However, Allen Weinstein,
who planned the NED

told the Washington
Post in 1991 that:

a lot of what we do
today was done covertly

25 years ago by the CIA.

This basically means
that the NED was really

a sort of CIA spin-off.

Instead of having just the
CIA going behind the scenes

and trying to manipulate the
process by inserting money here

and instructions
there and so forth.

They have, now, a sidekick

– which is this National
Endowment for Democracy. NED.

Thus the NED started handing out
generous bribes in every corner

of Yugoslavia, financing
opposition groups,

buying up hungry young
journalists with

dreams of a new life,

and financing trade
union opposition,

pro-IMF economists and
human rights NGOs.

The National Endowment for
Democracy also controls

and pays for the Center
for International Private

Enterprise which in turn
funded the G-17.

Who were the G-17?

They were an NGO made up of
17 free market economists,

with three of the
leading members being

Washington-based staff
members of the International

Monetary Fund and World Bank
- Dusan Vujovic,

Zeliko Bogetic and
Branko Milanovic.

G-17 coordinator
Professor Veselin

Vukotic worked closely
with the World bank,

and, as the Minister
of Privatization

under Yugoslav Premier
Ante markovic,

he was in charge
of the World Bank

bankruptcy program
in Yugoslavia

during 1989-1990,
which led to the

devastation of the
Yugoslav economy.

Other members of the
G-17 consult for the

World Bank and attend
World Bank-organized meetings.

In 2002, they formed
a political party

in Serbia, and since
then, despite

the fact that in every
election they’ve

gotten between 7% and
11% of the popular

vote, G-17 controlled
the Ministry of

Finance and Ministry
of Economy of Serbia.

This is not simply a
group of economists.

It is a network. The
IMF and World Bank

use this network to
impose their policies

on Yugoslavia. And
how do they do it?

First, they force governments
to do away with any

social protections subsidized
food or rent, free

transportation, free medical
care. You know, all

those things you don’t
really need. Out the window.

You cut back public
sector spending, you cut

wages, you cut employment,
you abolish worker

management enterprise,
in other words, you

force your people to
work harder for less.

Second, they use economic
manipulation and new laws to

force businesses, public and
private, into bankruptcy.

The World Bank describes
this mechanism

as a trigger, as a trigger
mechanism, they use that term.

They say we need to trigger the
bankruptcy of Yugoslav industry.

Then these businesses are
taken over by a small

clique of leveraged
buyout speculators and

other powerful foreign
economic interests. They

purchase the businesses
at rock bottom prices.

Creditors could
simply take hold of

these enterprises
within a 45 day

period and either
the enterprise had

to close down or
it was privatized.

This is called Privatization
through Liquidation

World Bank data
confirms that under

Vukotic’s direction
from January 1989

to September 1990,
more than 1100

industrial firms
were wiped out.

The standard of living
declined 18% between

January and October 1990.
This downturn

raised unemployment to
20 percent and thus

increased tensions
between the republics.

Impoverish the
population through

these sweeping IMF
reforms, which

in turn contributed
to heightening

social and ethnic strife.

So you had dissatisfaction
of everybody and

everybody’s looking
for a guilty party.

In desperation, Prime
Minister Markovic

visited Washington to
meet with President

George H. Bush. He
said that rising

tensions among
nationalities would

be a consequence of his
austerity privatization

plan, so he asked for a billion

dollars in aid, and
said that, if aid

didn’t come, there
would be trouble.

And we all know the Americans
didn’t want any trouble.

In November of 1990. President
George Bush

went to the U.S. Congress and
pressured them to pass the

Foreign Appropriations
Law that called for the

cutting off of all aid and
credits to Yugoslavia.

The law also demanded
that if any republic

in Yugoslavia wanted further
U.S. aid, it would have to break

away from Yugoslavia and
declare its independence. OK?

It’s not a conspiracy theory,
it’s not my speculation, it’s

not my analysis, it’s a public
law! It’s a public law!

It required the U.S. State
Department approval of election

procedures and results in every
one of the republics! It

required that the republics
not hold national elections,

but hold elections only in
their own republics. And that

the aid would only go
individually to these republics,

and when the aid did go, it
went to those groups which the

U.S. defined as democratic
groups, which meant small,

right-wing, ultra nationalist
and even fascistic parties.

This fracturing of
Yugoslavia was not the

result of pre-existing
internal divisions.

Those internal divisions
were heightened

as a result of an
outside intervention.

By 1991, the inflation
was 200% and

the Yugoslav federal government

was unable to pay the enormous
interest on its foreign debt

or even to arrange
the purchase of

raw materials for its industry.

Credit collapsed
and recriminations

broke out on all sides.

Cooperation between
the republics and the

Belgrade central government
virtually ceased.

The republics were
not getting any

money from the
federal government,

they weren’t transferring
any tax revenues,

so the whole federal fiscal
structure had collapsed and

the republics were left
to their own devices

and then came in the new
form of nationalism.

As the Americans
demanded, multi-party

elections were held and
economic policy was at

the center of the political
debate as nationalist

and separatist
coalitions ousted the

Communists in Croatia,
Bosnia and Slovenia.

And with the republics
at one another's'

throats, both the
economy and the nation

itself embarked on a
vicious downward spiral.

Of course, the local
political figures

did their best to
calm the people down.

The people needed a hero
to save them, someone

with their interest at heart.
Instead,

they got these guys.

In 1991, elections
were held in the

Bosnian republic of Yugoslavia.
Alija

Izetbegovic, a former Nazi
collaborator in World

War II, was a candidate
who had an Islamic

vision for the mainly
Christian Bosnia, as

professed in this
little book he wrote,

There can be neither peace nor
coexistence between the Islamic

religion and non-Islamic social
and political institutions.

Alija lost the
elections to the moderate

Muslim leader Fikret Abdic.
Losing the elections

didn’t stop our Alija
though, so he madea a deal

with Fikret, where Alija
would be President,

but would quit a year.
So, faster than you can

say Islamic Declaration,
Alija made sure his

Presidency was extended
due to the crisis, as

you can’t have a power
struggle in such tragic times.

In fact, there was a
moment when Alija could’ve

prevented the war, when
he signed the Lisbon

Agreement in 1992, which
would’ve made Bosnia

a confederation of
three regions. Alija

didn’t like this, he
wanted all the power.

Luckily for him, the
Americans didn’t like this

peace idea either. So,
the American ambassador

to Yugoslavia, Warren
Zimmerman, stepped in.

So, my cabinet was
in this meeting

with Zimmerman and Izetbegovic.

Izetbegovic had
just come back from

Lisbon and Zimmerman
says to him well,

you know, you could get a lot
more from

U.S. recognition if
you just waited.

And my cabinet told
me his jaw just hit the floor.

If you don’t like
it, why sign it?

Alija took the American advice
and withdrew his signature,

fortified his power, and the
Americans recognized it.

Another guy who just
loved his power was the

one, the only, Slobodan
Milosevic! Slobo,

as the masses liked
to call him, knew how

to use those masses to
get what he wanted.

With a little luck and
help from his close

friend Ivan, the President
of Serbia, he got

sent to Kosovo in 1987 where
Serbs felt threatened

by the Albanians.
During a scuffle with

the police, one Serb asked
Slobo why the police

were beating them.
Slobo then rightfully proclaimed

He became an overnight
star, as the protector

of all Serbs! However,
the incident with the

police was fairly localized.
This guy needed

a bigger stage. So, because
he was so thankful

to his friend Ivan,
he booted him from

the Presidency. He also got
him killed a decade later.

You’d think that
after Slobo became

the new President of
Serbia, he’d calm down,

but no. He still
needed a bigger stage,

and what luck, a big
anniversary was coming up.

As Serbs were marking
the 600th anniversary

of the Battle of Kosovo,
which is the crux

of their historical
culture, waving Serbian,

Yugoslav, American and,
wow, Canadian flags,

singing patriotic
songs, Slobo took the

stage and what the
West described as a

nationalist call to arms,
inflamed the audience!

Alright, maybe it wasn’t
that inflammatory, but at

least the opera singers
afterwards were pretty cool.

OPERA SINGING

But if you think this
guy had high ambitions,

what about a guy being
compared to Jesus Christ?

Holy *bleep*. The
saviour of the Croatian

people, Franjo Tudjman.
No pressure, eh?

Now, Franjo won the
elections fair

and square, but
the people around

him weren’t really
good at hiding

what was going to happen next.

Even these guys aren’t
buying it. Franjo’s

government was quick to arm
themselves, illegally.

Yeah right, what about this?

It seemed like war was the
only option. Thankfully,

there were many citizens
who just said NO.

All we are saying is
give peace a chance

MUSIC

Yugoslavs stood a lot
to lose if Yugoslavia broke up

For 50
years, they grew

up together, lived
together, married

each other and at
the centre of all

this was Bosnia, with
a mixed population

of Muslims, Serbs
and Croats a

sort of mini-Yugoslavia
in itself. Massive

anti-war rallies
were held in its

capital Sarajevo,
which had the largest

number of ethnically
mixed marriages,

with a message to
the politicians:

Don’t sacrifice
peace for political ambition!

But with little
higher interest in

keeping Yugoslavia
together, the

politicians decided
to send a message

of their own to the
demonstrators.

GUN SHOTS

POLICE SIRENS

Slovenia and Croatia
were the first who

decided that peaceful
negotiations weren’t

working out for them.
So, they unilaterally

declared independence in 1991.

Bosnia followed in 1992.
All of them

were quickly recognized
by the West.

When the White House
announced that we would

be recognizing Slovenia,
Croatia and Bosnia,

we at the State Department
had no idea what

that decision would be
before it was announced,

which is a very peculiar
state of affairs.

I was a desk officer,
office director,

nobody at the working
level had any

idea what the White
House would decide.

So, you can say just
that the decision

was a political one, it was not

based on a careful
consideration

of what recognition
might entail.

It was, in essence, a dependable
way of making conflict

inevitable. The question was,
would the people buy it?

MUSIC

Of course, as history has shown,
there was one sure-fire way

to mobilize public opinion
in favour of a conflict and

bring them back to the WWII
mentality where all Serbs became

Chetniks and all Croats Ustashe.
Hardcore propaganda!

Yup,

they were pretty
much all the same.

There was no official
military mobilization,

it all worked on a
voluntary basis.

One man, though, who could
make a difference, realized

where this madness was heading.
His name was JOSIP KIR.

As rebel Serbs had put
up road blocks to

control passages towards
Serb-populated areas,

Josip Kir, who was a
Croat, decided to

resolve these issues
in a peaceful manner.

Kir was quickly becoming an
obstacle to the aspirations

of the Croatian HDZ and
had to be taken out.

Who ordered the assassination,
however, remains unresolved.

Yes, the war had started, best
characterized by two words!

Ethnic cleansing,
ethnic cleansing...

Ethnic cleansing.
The term, however,

was nothing new in
the Balkans, as it

was first used in
WWII to describe how

the Croatian Ustashe
were cleansing

Croatia of unwelcome
ethnic elements

such as Serbs and Jews.
In the minds

of Serbs during the
1990s, this was

very much engraved
in their national memory.

Franjo didn’t care
because he knew

he had the support
of just the right people.

German Foreign Minister

Hans-Dietrich Genscher,
in almost daily

contact with Zagreb, gave his
go-ahead

for Croatian secession
and actually pressured

its Western allies to recognize
Slovenia and Croatia.

The German Serbophobia
it was geopolitical

in the sense of 1914 and 1941.

And that continuity also
reflected itself in the almost

visceral preference for the
Croats and the Slovenes,

who after all had belonged
to the German cultural

and state structures
for hundreds of years.

There was, however, one
problem in this plan.

The Serbs – who were
now

a constitutional
people of Croatia!

That pretty much meant that
no decisions about Croatia

could be made without
the Serbs, while

Serbs and Croats had
an equal status.

Now, Serbs were
facing increasing

discrimination by the
Croatian government.

A lot of people were
killed outright and threatened.

People lost their jobs.
It wasn’t just

Serbs, even say Croatians
who’s married partner

was Serbian faced
similar discrimination.

Franjo knew this all too well.
So what

did he do? He wrote
a new Constitution.

The constitution says that
Croatia is a country of Croats.

That’s automatic ethnic
cleansing. Constitutional.

By creating such a Croatian
constitution, Franjo

violated the Yugoslav
constitution which he considered

invalid, but he still
wanted to keep the internal

Yugoslav borders. The Serbs
had a different idea.

What the Croatian Serbs
wanted was to have

control over the lands
they populated,

their own self-government,
their schools,

a right to preserve
their language,

culture and national identity.

The Croats really wanted
the same, feeling

threatened by what was
now being described

by Zagreb as the
Serbo-Yugoslav giant.

The Serbs thought,
well, if Croats can

separate from Yugoslavia,
why can’t the Serbs

separate from Croatia?
After all, the same

thing happened in America
back during the civil war.

When Virginia seceded
from the U.S.

the Northwestern
part of the State

seceded from Virginia
to form West

Virginia that was
loyal to the Union.

When I got there,
when we inspected the

lines these guys
all told me their

heroic stories of
how they were just

simple peasant Croats
that had been,

you know, patriots.
And the JNA was

this formidable
fighting force they had

overcome. All the
weapons that they had,

they said
that they had to

capture from the JNA.

well , that might have
worked on someone else.

I looked around and I
did my in-training,

I mean, and I knew who
made various Kalashnikovs.

Every single one of
the weapons carried

by these guys, everything
from machine guns

to sniper reiffles, was
all made in East Germany.

Even though Croatia never
officially admitted

that Germany was arming
them, they decided to

thank the Germans with a song.
In German, you

know, so only the Germans
would understand.

If you follow that bouncing
ball, just recently, just

last summer, Croatia donated
surplus, 4 or 5 thousand

Kalashnikovs to the
Afghan National Army.

Those aren’t surplus,

what they’re doing is hiding
essentially a murder weapon

The Serbs had more than
enough weapons and they

were too eager to crush
the Croatian Army.

LAUGHS

The Croatian town of Vukovar
was under siege for

87 days, which later
brought a phyric victory

to the Serb forces. Why phyrric?
Well, because

they actually destroyed
the entire city!

A horrific example of how
territory suddenly became

more important than the
people living on it.

Even though they
were brainwashed

into thinking they
were doing the

right thing, some
people woke up and

realized what was
really going on.

Mialian Levar, a Croat who was
determined to protect his

town of Gospic from the
Serbs, was among the first

to join the newly established
Croat Army, but quickly

became disillusioned after
an order he received.

His fight brought him
all the way to the

International Criminal
Court where he testified.

After that, however,
extreme elements in

Croatia decided to
silence Milan Levar.

Instead of building peaceful
and trusting relationships

between the warning sides in
Croatia, in 1992, the Pentagon

was busy proclaiming its
imperial hegemony over the world

in its defense Planning Guide.
According to the New York times.

of 1992 this document asserts
that the only possible course

for the U.S. to pursue is
complete world domination,

and it adds that no other
country has the right to aspire

to the role of leadership,
even as a regional power

It simply looked upon itself
now as the supreme power in a

unipolar world and
that they could

do whatever they wanted to do.

Yugoslavia had to be
broken down. And there

was no better symbol for
Yugoslavia than it’s

central republic of Bosnia.
War erupted into the

worst bloodbath in Europe
since World War II.

MUSIC

Civil war. Civil war
is the worst kind of war.

It involves brother
versus brother,

family member versus
family member and it

is one of the ugliest
kind of conflicts.

MUSIC

GUN FIRES

The Serbs wanted to have
control over lands mainly

inhabited by Serbs,
including lands that were

of strategic importance
to them, the Croats

wanted the same for
themselves, while the Bosnian

Muslims, or Bosniaks as
they’re called today, wanted

it all. To achieve this,
the Bosnian government,

now increasingly
representing the Bosniak

voice, started getting
help from the Americans.

AIR CRAFT FLYING

Secret flights started
arriving at Tuzla

The Americans started
to approve the

delivery of arms to
the Bosnian Muslims.

American President Clinton
later admitted in a book that

the Americans didn’t enforce
the arms embargo. Heck,

but that’s not all. Alija
was also offered the help

of hundreds of Mujahadeen!
Come on, who can say no

to these guys. Serbs, on the
other hand, relied heavily

on aid from Belgrade. As
the Yugoslav Army was the

fourth largest in Europe,
the West moved to stop

Belgrade from helping the
Serbs in Bosnia.

So, in May of 1992 sanctions
were imposed on what

was left of Yugoslavia
- Serbia and Montenegro.

By October 1993, 90
percent of Yugoslavia's

domestic drugged
production stopped.

The average daily intake of
calories had fallen

by 28 percent compared
to 1990 and 1.5 million

people were classified
as undernourished.

Two months later, over 60
percent of Yugoslavia's

work force was unemployed
and the average

monthly income had dropped
from $500 to $15.

The markets and stores
were close to empty.

As usual, sanctions
merely hurt the

people at the lowest
run on the ladder.

People at
the top benefit from them.

They forced the Serbs into what
would happen anywhere, it was a

criminal economy. The criminals

became King, because
we made it so.

If you go to Belgrade
now, what used to be the

diplomatic areas are now all
the thugs and goons that made

tons of money from the war,
on the black market,

War profiteers?,
Big time!

Slobo’s government hijacked
the country’s financial

system, while Serbia’s
citizens were dooped

by several pyramid
schemes, most notably by

those of Dafina Milanovic
and Jezda Vasiljevic.

For themselves, of course.
Because both Dafina

and Jezda got the hell out

of the country with
the people money.

The economic tragedy
triggered by the

sanctions was
reaching it’s peek.

The effect was quite severe.
Especially in 1993,

actually, the inflation
rate in Yugoslavia was the

highest in recorded history.

As I recall, it was
something like

1.8 billion percent
inflation rate.

They even printed a
500 billion dinar note.

The lawlessness
was intensifying

and the Mafia was
taking control.

In spite of the catastrophe
around them,

the Serbs would not
heel to the will

of the West, so one
man decided to use

this opportunity to
save an organization

that no longer had a purpose.

The North Atlantic
Treaty Organization, or

NATO, was a system of
collective defense

whereby its member
states agree to

mutual defense in
response to an attack

by any external party,
founded in 1949.

The purpose, really,
became to protect

the West from the Soviets,
a counter-balance

to the later formed
Warsaw Pact.

President Eisenhower saw
NATO as a defensive

Alliance that eventually
the Europeans would

take over. Instead, the
US has turned it into

an instrument of power
and Eastward expansion.

But then the Soviet
Union went bust.

The US explicitly
broke the agreement

that was made with
Gorbachev about

not surrounding
Russia with hostile

militarily armed states.

The colonization of
Serbia is the bottom or

or second step on the
staircase to Russia.

We must be
colonized because NATO learned

Hitler’s lesson, Don’t have a
two-front war

when you’re attacking
the Russians,

you have to neutralize
Yugoslavia the way Hitler did.

But to do that, you’d need to
create a case where you had to

intervene against an enemy in
Yugoslavia.

Enter Joe Biden.

We face a blatant act of Serbian
expansionism and aggression

This is no more a civil
war than Germany, Austria

and Czechoslovakia had civil
wars in the 1930s. This,

as then in my view, is fascist
thuggery on the march!

He was calling

Serbs horrific names
and at the same time

he had a very influential
position on the Foreign

Relations Committee
of the Senate.

Biden was also emphasizing the

importance of a new
role for NATO, as

seen in February of 1994 at the

Senate hearing on
the future of NATO.

Last month, while the
allies reassured

themselves in Brussels
that NATO remains at the

bedrock of European
security, crimes of a

kind that were tried
at Nuremberg a half a

century ago continued
unabated in Bosnia.

Without a common
enemy to unite us,

we may find that our conceptions
of what constitutes

national interest may
very well divide us

He found the common enemy
in the Serbian people,

who were already
previously demonized by US

Public Relation firms such
as Ruder & Finn, hired

by various separatist
groups from Yugoslavia.

They not only demonized
the Serbian leadership,

they demonized the
Serbian people.

The problem for the
Serbs was that they

were a little slow off the mark.
They did

not understand what
was being done to

them, and by the time
they did, the whole

Balkan region had
collapsed into a state

of conflict, in which
the Serbs were

made out, clearly,
from propaganda at the

time, to be the enemy
of everybody else

Thus, the US quickly set out
to act against the Serbs,

stirring up a storm in Croatia.
Operation Storm, that is.

They came up with
a plan where the

Croatian Army would launch an
attack down into the Krajina

and occupy the area that was

manned by the Serbian minority

that had been there
for 4 or 5 centuries,

but it was
declared that they

were much too radical
to permit to

continue within the
borders of Croatia.

And at a meeting on
the Brijuni islands,

Franjo gave his go-ahead
to general Ante

Gotovina for the
single largest act of

ethnic cleansing during
the Yugoslav wars,

An operation that lasted 84
hours in August of 1995,

resulted in the death of around
2,000, and

a quarter of a million
ethnically cleansed Serbs.

Slobo and his generals,
the protectors

of all Serbs, had
abandoned them.

Operation Storm was an American
inspired,

by some of my
colleagues, because..

the people that were
advising the Croatian Army.

were retired American
general officers

and who operated just outside of
Beltway in Washington.

Franjo was very happy.

With the Serbs
gone from Croatia,

the Americans moved
on to Bosina.

Simply pushing out
the Serbs from there

was not so easy, so a different
strategy was implemented.

Presenting the conflict
in Bosnia as a civil war,

which it was, instead of a
war of Serbian aggression,

meant that the Western
public would be

confused, and the water
would be muddied.

To intervene, the
Americans needed to make

clear who they had to
intervene against.

The Serbs started the war.

The Serbs are the original
cause of the war.

They are the complete
aggressors and wrongdoers

NATO was used to militarily
continue the colonization

process, but Clinton knew
it had to be somehow

justified to the wider public.

Perhaps the best
example of what we’re

talking about here
is Srebrenica.

Srebrenica, a village
in Bosnia, was

declared a UN safe
zone for Bosniaks

seeking refuge, but was
never really dmilitarized,

which allowed Bosniak forces to

attack neighbouring
Serb villages.

Serb commander Ratko Mladic
overran Srebrenica, with

thousands of Muslims killed

and ethnically cleansed.

What happened in
Srebrenica was a

stage managed fall
of the enclave

to the Serbian forces, which
never expected to conquer it.

The United Nations
declared that this

was genocide, even
though UN observer

Philip Corwin estimated
that the number

of killed Muslims
in Srebrenica was

no larger than the
number of Serbs killed

in villages around Srebrenica.

But that didn’t matter,
Srebrenica was

to be used for a
much greater agenda

There are trustworthy witnesses
on the Muslim side who claim

that Alija Izetbegovic told
them that Bill Clinton had

indicated to him, Izetbegovic,
that 5,000 dead Muslims would

be the price of
NATO intervention

on the Bosnian Muslim side.

They believe that Srebrenica
was deliberately sacrificed by

Izetbegovic in order to provide
this burnt offering

to the White House
that would be

the justification
for intervention

and indeed, the proof of the
pudding is in the eating

The Bosniak government
had no choice.

Mr Silajdzic, speaking
for his government said,

We have no choice and our
Presidency had no choice but to

appeal for a military
intervention

in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

You can not go this alone,
the American public will

not tolerate it, the
Alliance can not stand it.

AIR CRAFT FLYING

And intervention ensued.

EXPLOSION

Here was NATO, an
organization formed

for the sole purpose
of defense of its

member states, attacking
a country that

has not attacked or threatened
any of its member state.

Lewis Mackenzie, who was the

Major General of the
UN Army in charge

of Sector Sarajevo,
tried to warn the

Americans of what they
were embarking upon.

I appeared in front of Congress
and they asked me my opinion.

And I said, Start training
your grandchildren

to be peacekeepers in Bosnia,

because you’re going to
be there for generations.

And a lot of them
are still there.

As heavily-armed US and NATO

troops enforced the
peace in Bosnia,

the press and politicians alike
portrayed

Western intervention in the
former Yugoslavia as a noble,

if agonizingly belated,
response to an outbreak

of ethnic massacres and
human rights violations.

A lot of the
so-called liberal or

left-wing or
progressive media were

themselves cooped
by the mainstream

viewpoint regarding
the Balkans.

In other words, they
had bought into

this paradigm that was
presented to them

by the arms of the
Government of the

United States and
of the EU powers.

Only the journalists who towed
the line and found new ways

to attack the Serbs,
other than the

ones their editors
sent them to tell,

other than the stories
that were pre-written

before they came to the
Balkans those guys excelled.

Of course, the bombing
campaign forced

the Bosnian Serbs to surrender.

At the peace accord signing,
which internally divided Bosina

into a Serb entity and a
Muslim Croat entity, all those

responsible for intensifying
the war were praising peace.

This is the village
of Vrhbarje, near

Sokolac in Bosnia, inhabited
mainly by Serbs and Muslims.

After the imposed
Dayton peace accords,

the villagers were aware of
what this meant to them,

and as the town became a
part of the Serb entity,

Muslims decided to collectively
leave to their own entity.

This video footage
has never been

shown anywhere before.
It just didn’t

fit the image the
Western media had

tried to hard to
project, the tidy

melodrama of the evil
Serbs destroying

everything non-Serb in sight.

Do you think this
would mobilize

Western public opinion
to intervene?

What?

Serbs not behaving like
genocidal maniacs?

Human beings?

Them?

MUSIC

Human compassion was something
that was completely.

normal to a young Serbian
man from Trebinje in Herzgovina

called Srkdjan Aleksic

Srdjan’s father recalled how
his son noticed that the

Serb police were arresting
a man on an ethnic basis.

This is one among many
stories of true heroism

that never made it to
the Western media.

The West was more focused on
escalating the conflict so they

could have the
excuse for jumping

in for their own interests.

As the world celebrated
peace in Bosnia

international financial
institutions were busily

collecting former
Yugoslavia's external debt

from its remnant states,
while transforming the

Balkans into a safe-haven
for free enterprise.

In late 1995, the West
unveiled a reconstruction

program that stripped
Bosnia of sovereignty to a

degree not seen in Europe
since the end of World War II.

It was pure colonialism,

consisted largely
of making Bosnia

a divided territory
under NATO military

occupation and foreign
administration.

This pattern of intervention
was so successful,

that the West just had to
replicate it in Kosovo.

I think that the
region is important

in geostrategic terms.
They saw Kosovo

as a very potential
country to actually

secure their presence
in the region.

But the West underestimated
the importance

that Kosovo has to
the Serbian people.

SIRENS

My fellow Americans,
today our armed

forces joined our
NATO allies in air

strikes against Serbian forces

responsible for the
brutality in Kosovo.

On March 24, 1999, on
the order of Javier

Solana, in an act
of pure aggression,

NATO had violated
international law and the UN

charter by launching an air
assault on Yugoslavia.

The people of Yugoslavia,
however, decided

to show their true spirit,
by going outside,

singing songs and having
fun on their bridges

in spite of the
catastrophe around them.

We thought the Serbs
should last 5

days under the bombing and then

No one expected
them to run on the bridges,

put on target T-shirts

The declared mission
was to stop the

violence in Kosovo
and topple Slobo.

Yugoslavia had the
opposite affect, as

the conflict in Kosovo
only intensified,

and the public rallied
behind Slobo.

The reality of the war, however,

was far too gruesome.

Schools, hospitals,
bridges, TV stations,

and even foreign
embassies, were all

legitimate military
targets for NATO.

The things that they bombed,
I mean, the power grid.

Night after night they
would hit the power grid,

knock it out so that they
couldn’t pump water and,

you know , the bakeries
couldn’t fire up in Belgrade.

So denying millions of people
access to daily bread and water.

How does that affect the
counter insurgency efforts of

the Serbian security forces
in the province of Kosovo?

These were attacks on
the Serbian people.

When civilians die, they
call them collateral damage.

That’s what makes you feel bad,

because they’re humans,
you know, they have their

names and they’re everything
for their families.

But, for the rest of the world,
they’re just collateral damage.

They hit the cigarette
factory in Nis three times.

And it ended up being
purchased by Phillip Morris.

Well if I walk into a
supermarket with a

hammer and start smashing
stuff and then say

look, I’ll pay you a
pittens for the remains,

I’m a
Viking and a vandal.

Apparently the cigarettes
made in Nis were also killing

Albanians in Kosovo, so they
needed to be taken out.

Obviously Phillip
Morris had an issue

with the cigarette
factory in Nis,

it was one of their
main competitors

in the European market.

The real purpose
of the war was to

economically colonise
the country.

To replace the whole
non-compatible domestic

infrastructure with
German-compatible,

American-compatible economic
systems.

So, bomb the car factory,
the Yugo car factory,

the car that managed
to make it into the U.S market,

bomb that to the ground.

Bomb the cement factories,
bomb the oil industry,

bomb all of the
telecommunication systems

so you can sell
them the new ones,

much more expensive,
but not any better.

If this was NATO’s
job, it had to have

been well coordinated
in advance.

In fact, almost a year
prior to the war,

the World Bank
carefully analysed the

consequences of an eventual
military intervention

leading to the
occupation of Kosovo

and conducted
relevant simulations

which anticipated the
possibility of an emergency

scenario arising out of
the tensions in Kosovo.

This suggests that NATO
had already briefed the

World Bank at an early stage
of military planning.

The plans for occupation
started before a

good enough pretext to
intervene was found.

But hold on,

occupation?

Weren’t we told that
Kosovo was to be liberated

from the Serbian
aggressors who invaded it?

Well, I have yet to
find someone who can

explain how a country
can invade itself.

History was twisted in
a way that would give

the West a believable
pretext to intervene.

After 5 centuries of Turkish
rule, Kosovo legally

became a part of Serbia in 1912.

By then, a lot of the
Serbs were long gone,

and those that were
left were again

under persuasion during
World War II,

when the Albanian fascists
took over Kosovo.

Mustafa Kruja, the Prime
Minister of Albania,

was in Kosovo in June 1942,

and at a meeting with the
Albanian leaders of Kosovo,

he said, we should endeavour
to ensure that the Serb

population of Kosovo
be, the area

be cleansed of
them and all Serbs

who had been living
there for centuries

should be termed colonialists

and sent to concentration
camps in Albania.

The Serb settlers
should be killed.

The terror against the
indigenous Serbian

population reached
significant proportions

with over 10,000 being killed

in cold blood and twice
that number being expelled.

MUSIC

Here’s Tito with
Enver Hoxha, the

Albanian dictator
during communist times.

MUSIC

You see, one thing I didn’t
mention about Tito is that

he didn’t just want
to be ruler of Yugoslavia,

he wanted most of the Balkans,

a federation including
parts of Greece and Italy,

Bulgaria and Albania as well.

This meant that the Albanian
dictator Hoxha was to be shown

just how much the Albanians were
well treated in Yugoslavia.

So, the Yugoslav Albanians,
living mostly in Kosovo,

got a better living
standard than in Albania!

Their own University, schools,

newspapers, political
institutions,

cultural centres, everything
in the Albanian language.

Albanians from Albania
were flooding into Kosovo

with ease, and the Serbs
were being pushed out.

Western media failed to
mention any of this.

The official story was that
Kosovo Albanians wanted

independence because of
Slobo’s actions in the 1990s,

which ignored the
fact that Albanians

demanded for Kosovo the
status of a Republic

quickly after Tito’s
Yugoslavia was formed,

around the time
Slobo was born, and

even held mass
demonstrations in 1968.

In 1974, Tito gave Kosovo,
still a province of Serbia,

all the traits of a
Republic and this

effectively helped
the Albanian leaders

to continue what was
started in World War II.

You had a lot of low
level intimidation.

Attacks on individuals that are
not dealt with by the police,

in that sense, effectively.

There are no arrests
that follow.

A New York Times article
published on July 12th 1982,

many years before Slobo
came to power said that,

the exodus of Serbs
is admittedly

one of the main problems

that the authorities have
to contend with in Kosovo.

Regarding the
Albanians who want to

separate from
Yugoslavia, Becir Hoti,

an executive secretary of the
Communist Party of Kosovo

stated that the nationalists
have a two-point platform

first to establish
what they call an

ethnically clean
Albanian republic

and then the merger with Albania
to form a greater Albania.

And they were
desperate for help,

they needed it at any cost.

Any cost you say?

MUSIC

There are a lot of
little girls in

Kosovo whose first
name is Madeleine.

MUSIC

If you want, we can talk
here or we can go outside

MUSIC

Mr. Clark, this is your group,

they’re all KLA,
former fighters.

MUSIC

Thank you for the
enormous amount

of money you’ve raised tonight!

MUSIC

I must say,

I never expected that
anywhere someone

would make such a
big statue of me.

MUSIC

You gotta hand it to
the Albanians, they

really know how to
flatter the Americans.

Trouble is the
Albanians didn’t know

what they were getting
themselves into.

In 1998, the KLA was
still classified

by the U.S. State Department as

a terrorist organization
bankrolled by the proceeds

from the heroin trade
and by Osama bin Laden

As it became more
evident that the

KLA was driving
events in Kosovo,

the U.S. realized it could use
them for their own interests.

The whole northern
Albania region was

actually under the
control of the KLA,

not the Albanian government
and U.S. cargo planes

were landing at a
rate of two a day

bringing supplies and
arms shipments.

British special forces,
CIA, U.S. military

forces were providing
training to the KLA

this was before the war.

Germany was shipping ex-East
German military arms to Albania,

with the understanding
that Albania

would provide it to the KLA.

The goal was to provoke a harsh
response from the Serbian army,

so the West could pretend
it’s jumping in to stop

war and impose its policies.

Slobo sent in the
military and a

full blown conflict
erupted in 1998.

Certainly everything
the United States

have done in
Afghanistan and Iraq,

is far worse than
what the Serbian

military ever did in Kosovo.

If you’re gonna
colonize a territory,

might as well put it on paper.

US State Secretary
Madeleine Albright,

masterminded the
so-called Rambouillet

agreement which was
modelled on the

Dayton Accords
imposed on Bosnia.

Here NATO outlined how it will
occupy and colonize Yugoslavia,

Yugoslavia, in Annex B of
the Rambouillet agreement

NATO personnel shall
enjoy, together with

their vehicles, vessels,
aircraft, and equipment

and equipment, free and
unrestricted passage

and unimpeded access
throughout Yugoslavia

Of course they took us to
Rambouillet to drown us

We intentionally raised
the bar too high,

we knew that they
could not accept this

Addendum to the Agreement
and the intention was

to go ahead and bomb.

In fact,

this Annex

was secret!

That’s right,

it was not revealed to
the public until several

months after the
beginning of the war.

The document also went
a step further and

basically promised Kosovo
secession in 3 years.

The Kosovar leaders signed
that agreement last week.

Even though it does not
give them all they want…

Nope, they have to wait
3 more years to get it.

They saw that a just
peace is better

than a long and un-winnable war.

The Serbian leaders, on the
other hand, refused even

to discuss key elements
of the peace agreement.

Gee, I wonder why.

Hey, do you want us to occupy
you this way or that way?

Of course while the true
details were hidden,

the story was presented
that the Americans

wanted to protect
the Albanians.

Maybe we could show
some refugee pictures,

you know what, they
break my heart,

America’s been responding
to this terror,

these pictures that
have been going

on and all these atrocities.You
look at all the atrocities,

all the misery and
mayhem and insanity

there’s an incideous evil
that permeates this Earth.

Many Albanians didn’t buy it.

I consider that the intervention
of the West in 1999 against

Serbia was made possible

by the geostrategic interests

that the Western
countries might have

had and especially
the United States of America.

This had nothing to do
with the Albanians,

or the Americans
caring about them.

That’s right, NATO killed
Albanian civilians too.

Lots of them. If they
cared about Albanians,

or Serbs for that matter,

the West wouldn’t have aided
the KLA which was directly

linked to organized crime
and the narcotics trade.

You don’t help anyone
by aiding the Mafia.

After the highly
publicized Racak massacre

which was later to be
revealed by Finnish

forensic Helena
Ranta as staged,

NATO bombed Yugoslavia,
but failed

to destroy the
Yugoslav military.

By the end of NATO
bombing, only

13 Yugoslav tanks
were destroyed

and a lot of those
were old models that

were left out
deliberately as decoys.

The Serbs had
ingenious methods of

protecting their
military defences.

They built wooden
tanks, painted them

to look like a real
tank and put an old

heater or microwave oven
inside it and turned it on.

NATO goes by with
hyper-high technology,

sees the target and bombs it.

OK, those bombs cost several
hundred thousand dollars per go,

and the tar paper tank
costs about 200 bucks.

LAUGHS

So why did Slobo
give in to NATO?

At the June 2nd meeting when
Marti Ahtisaari and Viktor

Chernomyrdin came to Belgrade
to meet with Milosevic,

Ahtisaari read me those terms.

And Milosevic asked them: What

would happen then
if I don’t sign?

There was a table between them

with a flower vase and Ahtisaari
moved the vase to the side

and said Belgrade will be
like this table.Then he

repeated the gesture of his arm
sweeping across the table.

He said in a weeks time
there will be half a

million dead, it will be
carpet bombing Belgrade.

Faced with Ahtisaari’s
monstrous threat,

Slobo had no choice and
signed the agreement,

while Ahtisaari went on to win
the Nobel Peace Prize in 2008.

This is a CBS News Special
Report, part of our

continuing coverage of
the Crisis over Kosovo

Earlier today, Serb forces
began withdrawing from Kosovo

and NATO suspended its 11
week bombing campaign.

The first step of the Western
geostrategic interests

was fulfilled in 1999
being that NATO troops

entered Kosovo and they
remain still in Kosovo.

Along with U.S. troops which
established Camp Bond steel,

the second largest foreign

military base
outside of Germany,

an army of lawyers
and consultants was

sent into the now
occupied Kosovo under

World Bank auspices
to create an enabling

environment for
foreign capital.

And how was this done?

They set up an
organization to manage the

privatization of socially
owned enterprises

and after a certain period
of time they determined

that they would do this without
any regard to legal ownership,

that they wouldn’t have
to pay any attention

to who actually
legally owned this,

they just basically
confiscated it and

privatized it, sold it
to whom they chose.

Yugoslav State banks in
Kosovo were closed down

and the Deutschmark was
adopted as legal tender.

Almost the entire banking
system in Kosovo was

handed over to Germany’s
Commerzbank A.G.

which gained full
control over commercial

banking functions
for the province.

One second though.

Think about this for a little
bit. Human rights violations.

War crimes.

Those are the reasons the
West went in to Kosovo,

we’ve been told by
the media, right?

So why was the head of the
UN mission of Kosovo most

obsessed with taking over a
coal mine from the Serbs?

MUSIC

Prior to the bombings,
Western investors

already had their eyes riveted

on the massive Trepca mining
complex which constitutes

the most valuable piece
of real estate in

the Balkans, worth
at least 5 billion Dollars.

The Trepca complex not only
includes copper and large

reserves of zinc but also
cadmium, gold, and silver.

The International
Crisis Group, a think

tank supported by
Financier George Soros,

issued a paper on Trepca

Making Sense of the Labyrinth

which told UNMIK to take over
the Trepca mining complex

from the Serbs as
quickly as possible

and that handing Trepca over
to the Kosovars is ruled out

And in August 2000, UNMIK
Head Bernard Kouchner

sent in heavily armed
peacekeepers wearing

surgical masks against toxic
smoke to occupy the mine.

This was done on the pretense
that it was creating

an environmental hazard through
excessive air pollution.

Of course, a healthy
environment had

always been a top priority
of the West in Yugoslavia,

even during the bombing campaign
nicknamed Merciful angel

After NATO used
depleted uranium

munitions here during
the 1999 bombing,

military experts
from Belgrade have

registered an increased
radiation level

Dr. Sedlak was the first
to raise the alarm.

There is no other place in
the modern world where so

many people and so many young
people die from cancer.

In this animal hospital
in the South of Serbia,

there is evidence of
something going wrong.

As it takes billions of
years for uranium to decay,

the shadow of the ghost
of the merciful angel

will hang over the region
virtually forever.

See, that’s perfectly fine.

Meanwhile, the United
Nations had handed over the

management of the entire
Trepca mining complex

to a Western consortium.

With a stake in the
Trepca deal was

Morrison Knudsen International.

The new conglomerate was
the Washington Group,

one of the World's most powerful
engineering and construction

firms as well as a major
Defense contractor in the US.

Are any of the
Western politicians,

businessmen or lobbyists
facing charges

for stealing
from the Yugoslav people,

for crimes against the people
of the former Yugoslavia?

Nope. Not a single one of them.

Instead, to escape
any persecution,

they set up a tribunal
in the Hague,

the Netherlands, to try the

Yugoslav people
involved in the war.

The Hague Tribunal was
founded in 1993

on the basis of the Security
Council Resolution,

rather than General
Assembly Resolution,

which means that it is an
ad hoc body created on the

basis of political rather
than legal principles

When you’re creating a colony,
you only lock up the dissidents.

Back in Belgrade, Slobo, who was
declared a man of peace in 1995

when he handed over
Bosnia to the West,

after he was being
stubborn about doing the

same for Kosovo, got
indicted for war crimes.

I think every major
world leader knows that

if they don’t go along
with the system,

that they’re likely to be
taken out one way or another.

After an extensive
anti-Slobo campaign

readily financed by
Western wallets,

The EU and the USA have
spent millions of Euros in

equipping opposition
movements inside Yugoslavia

with the necessary resources
to fight in election campaign.

Slobo lost the elections
in September of 2000,

but wouldn’t heel to his
opponent, Vojislav Kostunica.

Vojo decided that
enough was enough.

CHEERING

Victory, victory
shouted the crowd,

Slobodan, Slobodan save Serbia
and kill yourself, cried others.

Slobo fell.

But what next?

The politicians
were all back to

quarrelling over
insignificant nonsense,

in the hottest TV
reality show AKA

the Serbian
National Assembly.

MUSIC

Instead of focusing on the
really important things,

they allowed the further
fragmentation of Yugoslavia.

In 2003,

the name Yugoslavia

officially ceased to
exist thanks to the

genius prescription
of Havier Solana.

However, one man didn’t
want to give up his country

and its system so easily.

Blasko Gabric, from my
home town of Subotica,

decided to make a radical move.

Yugoslavian socialism
was much much better

socialism than any
other socialism,

alright, comparing
to the Russians

or comparing with Chinese.

We had a Heaven.

If you can imagine a Heaven in
the Earth, that was Yugoslavia.

Blasko explains who took
away his piece of Heaven.

The Western world,
they want to talk

You will go to
Heaven when you die.

They don’t want afford you
Heaven when you’re alive.

So, he turned his
property of 15

hectars into a new,
fourth Yugoslavia

If they destroy your factory,

if they put everything
on private.

Whatever we had we don’t have
any more, what do you call that?

The West said this
was democracy.

We have a very very nice joke.

When Muslim people
ask their priest

how can he explain
democracy to them,

to be capable to understand.

Well,

very simple I can
explain that to you.

See, when I go in
top of minaret

and you are down below me

and I piss on you guys,

even you can piss on me too.

That’s democracy.

Well,

jokes aside,

taking away Yugoslavia’s name
had a more malevolent motive.

When they take
Yugoslavia away, when

they call Serbia and Montenegro

West promised to the Montenegro

Leave the Serbia alone

Come 2006,

after a controversial
referendum Montenegro

became the newest
country of the world.

55.4% of citizens voted for the
independence of Montenegro

However, another
part of the former

Yugoslavia still
wanted that title.

You guessed it, Kosovo.

In the same year,

negotiations began between
the Belgrade government

and the Albanian minority
over the status of Kosovo.

However, the so-called
negotiations

were a farce from
the beginning,

as almost all the Western
powers were promising

Kosovo independence regardless
of the negotiations.

Sooner rather than later, you
gotta say enough is enough

Kosovo is independent.

That’s the position
we’ve taken.

The people of Kosovo need
to know that it is a solid,

firm position, even though
there is diplomacy and talks

but if it’s apparent
that that’s not going to

happen in a relatively
quick period of time,

in my judgement, we need to
put forward a resolution!

Think about it.

If you had some of the
world’s largest powers

telling you that you
can get what you want,

why the hell would you
settle for any less

and try to reach a compromise?

As anticipated, the
talks broke down and

Kosovo, unilaterally,
declared independence.

MUSIC

It has been an honour to welcome
the President and Prime Minister

of an independent Kosovo
to the Oval Office.

I’m proud y’all are here.
I welcome you.

I'm a strong supporter of
Kosovo’s independence.

MUSIC

I pledged that the United
States would continue to work

with those nations that have
not recognized an independent

Kosovo to convince them to do
so as quickly as possible.

Contrary to what Bush had hoped,

the majority of world countries
didn’t recognize Kosovo,

and it didn’t even become
a UN member state.

Thus Kosovo failed
to become a country.

What was absurd in
this story is that

the Albanian minority,
which in all

fairness did suffer greatly
throughout the 1990s,

thought that they actually
got independence in 2008.

Big day for Kosovo people.
Albanians, yeah.

How do you feel?,
- Ooh, I feeling

very very good. This
is like a dream.

As a Serb,

I feel sorry for the Albanians.

Because they have been dooped
even more than we have.

They think they have
an independent state.

Kosovo is a U.S. military base.

It happens to have some local
colour called Albanians.

Some local foliage like
leaves on the trees.

Whether they could decide
to do something not

consisted with U.S. wishes

Impossible.

Do you think the Kosovo
government could do

anything without the
Americans agreeing with it?

No.

We just we listen Americans.

America, there are 50
countries... States. Yeah, so,

why Kosovo not be a
part of America?

You would support that?

Yes, why not.

They are just administrating
everything in Kosovo.

The Americans are in control?

Yea, they are pretty
much in control here.

We are not independent from
European Union and from America

The formal channel

whereby the
international missions

of Kosovo have the
absolute power over all

walks of political and economic
life in Kosovo are represented

through International
Civilian Representative

who has the right to expel any

elected official or
annual any laws that

are passed by the
Assembly of Kosovo.

At the same time,
there is an informal

channel whereby
the international

community meddles
within the politics

and economics of Kosovo through

the Ambassadors of the
powerful countries

that have been
seen or presented

itself as sponsors of the
independence of Kosovo.

The wishes of these
Ambassadors are

kind of like orders to
Kosovo’s politicians.

Kosovo still remains a colony
and this colonization has

actually degraded the life

or the standard of
living of Kosovo.

On the other hand, the
people of Serbia’s

other province were
unaware of what

was being prepared for them.

Smack dab in the middle
of the Pannonian plain,

Vojvodina has always been an
attractive chunk of real estate,

exploited for its
fertile farmland.

After Kosovo’s declaration
of independence,

the West turned their
sights northward.

Towards the end of 2009,

in an article published
in The Economist,

the situation in
Serbia’s northern

province was described
as being on

the thin end of a wedge leading
to Vojvodina’s independence.

After all, Kosovo and Vojvodina
had equally extensive autonomy.

And why did nobody take action?

What’s with the silence?

You see, there’s a way to

get people to do
something in Serbia,

or any other Yugoslav
country for that matter

just tell them it’s
another step towards

bringing them closer
to the European Union.

The EU, a unique
political and economic

partnership of
European countries,

provides states with
an exchange of goods,

people and ideas
on a market that

includes around a
billion inhabitants.

Apart from the
official definition,

there’s more to it
than the eye can see.

European Union is a project
of the elite class in Europe

that denies the value of the
genuine heritage of European

civilization and seeks to
replace it with politically

correct dictate of
the ideology of

post modernism and
post nationalism.

First, your country has to
open its market to EU products

and sell all its banks,
which is like giving

away your queen and rooks
in a game of chess.

Then, your country’s
domestic industry,

agriculture and money
market goes bust,

which allows foreign
companies to get a good

purchase price on your
most valuable assets.

If we continue the chess
analogy, your government

is playing as a
beginner against the EU

who is ten steps ahead of you.

You may know how to move the
figures, but your opponent

knows how to draw you to thin
ice and get what he wants.

Check-mate.

In the Czech Republic,

the EU forced the sugar industry
to close their factories,

because the EU had
too much sugar it

was importing from Cuba that
made them bigger profit.

Instead, the Czechs got a
little gift from the Germans

their dirty industry
which they couldn’t

keep in Germany due to
the Kyoto protocol.

In Hungary,

vineyards were first destroyed
by French dumping prices,

which then caused
the Hungarians to

not be able to pay
back their loans

to the banks, and
foreigners bought

their property at low prices.

This is why the most
famous Hungarian vineyars

such as Tokay, are
owned by the English.

There is no work, says
this man, just poverty.

The situation has become
worse since the sugar

factory nearby Szerencsi
closed down last year.

80 people from Meszozombor
lost their jobs.

The factory’s been torned down.

I think you can see
a pattern here.

These places like the Balkans
and the rest of Eastern Europe

were not supposed to be
colleagues and equals

in a brotherhood of nations,
but rather they were supposed

to be markets for Western
industrial goods.

They were supposed to be
markets for cheap labour.

Bear in mind it takes a
while to join the EU.

You won’t hear about these
things in the media though.

The European Union spends
over 2 billion

Euros per year for its
representation in the media.

They sponsor shows
on television, on

radios, they sponsor
programs and so on.

They organize
conferences, especially

just for the journalists.

It’s a massive industry, you
hardly ever hear criticism about

the European Union
from the journalists.

In Serbia there
has never been a

true debate about
the European Union

and any attempt to even
initiate such a debate was

condemned upfront
as anti-European

Those who try to open up such
a debate are simply cut off.

I remember that guy,

the neoliberal guy
from the party G17+,

he told me Yea but you are
criticizing the European Union,

but hey, you live
in European Union,

Slovenia is doing
well in Europe!

No, it just doesn’t
work like this.

This is a standard propaganda,

you understand?

We are not better off because
we are in European Union.

It’s vice versa.

We are in European Union
because we did better off

than other, for example,

republics of the
former Yugoslavia.

After the death of Yugoslavia,
every single former Yugoslav

republic wanted to become
a member of the EU.

Slovenia was the first to
actually join in 2004,

but wasn’t dazzled much.

We are no more a country,

we are just a region
of European Union.

Why do I claim that?

We have no monetary policy,

we have practically
no fiscal policy,

because we are very
much restricted with

the rules of European
Union or EU area.

Are things better off now that

Slovenia is in the
European Union?

No, I don’t think so.

I don’t think it’s better

No, I don’t think so.

The prices have just
doubled, everything

is more expensive
then it used to be.

The clothes are more
expensive

LAUGHS

I voted no when
we had a referendum

for joining European Union.

Basically, if you are part
of the European Union,

you are giving something
into the common wallet EU.

A lot of social
rights that we had

in the past are
now being shrinked.

I believe, and that’s
my personal opinion,

that European Union is more
of a corporation than like

a political establishment
that secures human rights.

Right across the
street from Slovenia,

Croatia was giving up
enforcement of the Ecological

and Fisheries Protection
Zone towards EU states,

as one third of all
Italian fishing

activity came from that zone.

It also flushed away
it’s banking sector.

On the other hand, people in
Serbia find it hard to stop

trusting everything that
comes from the West,

often readily believing
their propaganda

that the West
really loves them,

and that even when
they’re bombing Serbs,

they’re doing it for
the Serbs’ own good.

I think the situation
that we’re in today is the

result of something that I
call predatory capitalism.

And it really got
under way in the

70s when I was an
economic hitman,

we used predatory capitalism
in the third world a lot.

The first principle is that
the only responsibility of

business is to maximize
profit regardless

of the social and
environmental cost.

As Yugoslavia broke up,

the federal debt was distributed
between the successor states.

At the end of the 2000s,

the prosperity everyone was
promised clearly kicked in.

Montenegro, from a
debt of 416 million,

had acquired a debt of
4,7 billion dollars,

Macedonia had jumped from 890
million to 6,7 billion dollars,

and Bosnia went from 2,1 billion
to 16,5 billion dollars.

Serbia’s debt increased from 5,5
billion to 38 billion dollars.

Slovenia from 2,6 billion to a
shocking 56,3 billion dollars.

And Croatia, the absolute
debt acquiring winner, jumped

from 4,6 billion to a
dizzying 69 billion dollars.

In 1988, two years before
the breakup of Yugoslavia,

Heh, Yugoslavs love to say how

they lived off
foreign debt during

Tito’s Yugoslavia.
And now they don’t?

Okay, so, they were
bought by foreigners.

What’s so bad about that?

On the other hand, here’s one
example of how they robbed

the reduced Yugoslavia
with loans.

First, they enforced
heavy sanctions.

Miroljub Labus was, by the way,

a member of G17+, those
so called pro-IMF experts.

In 2008, Croatia earned 9,3
billion dollars from tourism,

which amounts to some 20%
of Croatia’s overall GDP.

And this would’ve
been great, had the

money actually
stayed in Croatia.

Of those 9,3
billion, Croatia was

left with small
waiter salaries,

wage taxes, the goods and
services tax of 19%,

and a handful of Euros
from restaurants,

cafés and private
accommodation,

while the profit
went to Germany.

With the macro
economic stability

at stake in all the republics,

the IMF and World Bank
step in to save the day.

And how to they do it?

Let’s say the IMF
and World Bank give

you a loan of 300
million dollars,

to which you have to pay
interest of 5,5 to 7%.

But the money doesn’t
go anywhere, no no,

it stays in big American
or German banks,

as well as the republics
foreign exchange

reserves, to which you
get 2 to 2,5 % interest.

Then, those same banks,
with essentially

the republic’s money,give
investment loans to the

republics through different
development funds,

which again increases
their debt that

they can repay only
with fresh new loans.

Thus, the cycle continues.

What does this mean
to the people?

If we divide up every country’s
debt by it’s population,

this is how much every
citizen would have to pay.

Yet, many people
still think that

foreign factors
want to help them.

Foreign banks used the desperate
state of the Yugoslav

population for their own gains,
sometimes by criminal means.

The dire situation
was made worse

by the world financial crisis,

so Croatia looked
at what else the

country had a lot of
that it could sell.

That’s right, islands!

In 2009,

Britain’s Independent newspaper

announced that Croatia
wants to sell

the Brijuni Islands, which
is also a national park

and, located on it, Tito’s
luxurious former residence.

Meanwhile, in the
colony of Bosnia,

the IMF added Article 7 to
Bosnia’s new constitution,

drawn up in Dayton, Ohio.

They decided that
the Governing Board

of the Central Bank
shall consist of

a Governor appointed by the

International Monetary
Fund and that

The Governor shall not
be a citizen of Bosnia

and Herzegovina or any
neighbouring state

Therefore, the
government does not

have control of its
country’s economy.

But it wouldn’t be fair
to say that all the money

invested in Bosnia was
used to repay its loans.

Nope,

a lot of the money did go
to the Bosnian people.

Except that it went to a
very few Bosnian people.

Very… very few.

In fact,

according to anti-fraud
unit set up by

the Office of the
High Representative,

one billion dollars disappeared

from public funds
and international

aid projects from 1995 to 1999.

Where did all this
go, one might ask?

Well, for example, in the
town of Sanski Most,

money went to a
horse racing track,

rather than developing the
economy, infrastructure.

If you're going to steal
public and aid funds,

you may as well go all
out, and gamble it too,

right?

The same mayor of this
town also gave 450,000

provided by Saudi
Arabia to his brother,

so the guy can open a new bank.

He also faces 358
charges of corruption.

On the other hand,

Montenegro relied on
cigarette smuggling to

keep the country afloat
during the war years.

It’s leaders, Bulatovic
and Djukanovic, claimed

they never personally
benefited from the smuggling.

Which is really odd, considering
that Prime Minister Djukanovic

was the 20th richest
statesmen in the

world in 2010, more
than 3 times richer

richer than Nicholas Sarkozy
and Barack Obama combined.

Milo Djukanovic has
been more successful

than most in turning his entire

country into a personal
fiefdom operated

on the basis of cosa
nostra principles.

In fact, I think his
personal net worth is

much greater than the
one officially listed,

that in reality he
can claim to own

everything there
is in Montenegro.

Since these elites couldn’t
care less about anyone else

the people at the
bottom of the food

44 year old Samir
was born in Bosnia

and he is convinced that
under these layers of dirt

is the largest pyramid
in the world.

Many youths realized
what was going on and

started fighting
against what their

countries were
being turned into.

Our band’s name is
Beogradski Sindikat,

which would translate in
English like Belgrade Union.

Belgrade Union is a Serbian rap
band famous for it’s critical

views towards society’s elite
and criminal elements.

Bosko Cirkovic from Belgrade
Union explained why not

many people were taking
action against the injustice.

A lot of young..

Serbians and youth of the

world just think about
material stuff and,

you know, going into
politics, they do

it just to get more
material stuff.

If I was in the same room with
the guys running this country,

and the main guy is my

ex-high-school
psychology teacher.

I would conduct the real
revolution on them.

How that would turn out,

I don’t know, but
some of us would

probably not leave the room.

Dubioza Kolektiv is a
Sarajevo-based band

with a similar message to
the one Belgrade Union had.

As long as people think that
their impact on the democratic

processes ends up when they
put the ballot in the box,

then nothings gonna
change, because

that leaves four
years gap to whoever

is elected to do
whatever he wants.

The ruling elites don’t
listen to anybody.

That’s the thing ..

they learned the best.

because They even
ignore mass protests

Sadly, the elite in
power, even when the

majority was against them,
still didn’t listen.

One of my very close and very
trusted friends was at a dinner,

a private dinner

at which the American Ambassador
Cameron Munter was present.

That dinner was held
between the election,

in which the Radical party,

which is much more independence

oriented than the
democratic party,

had apparently won
the election,

had the most votes
of any party.

And we were all expecting that ,
well, the people have spoken,

there’s been an election
and the biggest party

is going to form
the government.

And my My friend
asked Cameron Munter

Well, Mr. Munter,

it seems that your mission
here has been a failure.

The mission to bring
Serbia under the

imperial tutelage.

He said..

I wouldn’t speak so soon...

In fact, I’d watch the
television tomorrow

and see what the
results of the meeting

between Mr. Tadic and Mr.
Dacic are.

And as the government itself
was formed by Washington,

the policies and laws were
also dictated from abroad.

The U.S. Chamber of
Commerce is writing

laws for the
Government of Serbia

and telling them these are the
laws we want you to pass.

Thus, the former
Yugoslav countries

started becoming
NATO member states.

Do you know what it
means to join NATO?

You have to get rid
of all your weapons

systems which are
domestically produced,

domestically designed,
domestically developed,

designed
for your terrain

to reequip yourself
with F16s, F18s,

F22s, at a cost of
hundreds and hundreds and

hundreds of thousands
of dollars per plane.

And your sons and daughters
have to go and fight.

And where do they
want us to fight?

They want us to put on
the night vision goggles

and go to Afghanistan
and kill them dang

rag-heads, who never
did anything to us.

Profits and military gains
were again being acquired

from these economic and
geopolitical colonies.

The people were completely
unaware of what was happening to

them and thought that they were
finally free and independent.

What happened in Yugoslavia
could be considered

like a classic example
of colonization.

It’s sort of a new flavour,
but it’s still colonization.

Rather than trying to colonize

the unsettled areas
of the world,

why not just create
a mess and fix it.

Then you basically own
a chunk of the world

which was already
developed and consuming.

They wanted a Yugoslavia
whose rich natural resources

would be at the disposal of
multinational corporations,

whose populations would
work at subsistence wages,

whose economy offered
no competition

with existing
capitalist producers,

only new investment
opportunities.

They wanted a Yugoslavia whose
petroleum, engineering,

mining and automotive
industries would be undone and

deindustrialized and
they wanted to abolish

Yugoslavia’s public sector
services and social programs.

And. they did it.

Furthermore, the harmony that
the people of Yugoslavia

had been building for the
greater good was crushed.

It is a stereotype that
the hatred between the

populations in Yugoslavia
was always there.

The South Slavs travelled
together to arrive

these lands from the
North and found their

piece of heaven around
the 6th century.

Hatred was later manufactured
for greater powers,

who saw it appropriate
to teach the Slavs

how to be civilized
and democratic.

Consider that for the better
part of the 20th century,

black people weren’t
even allowed to sit

at the front of the
bus in the U.S.

while the Dubrovnik
Republic actually

abolished slavery back in 1642,

when the U.S. was
still a British

colony and didn’t
exist as a country.

The Western hypocricy
was obvious.

Why would a Croat
really hate a Serb,

or a Serb hate a Muslim? hmm

Because of what someone
somewhere did in who knows when?

Because of what TV says?
Hasn’t history shown that

these people were in fact
able to live together?

Or is this all
irrelevant the moment

someone starts arguing
about who did what

to whom how many times worse.

There is no such thing
as biological hatred,

that a certain group is
predestined to hate another.

Anyone who says any different,
has an agenda, trust me.

I know what you’re going to say.

Boris, all you do is criticize,

without offering a solution.

Well, for the solution,

all you need to do is
look at the stories

of those who said
no to this madness,

who decided to act as human
beings during inhuman times.

Corrupt politicians, army
generals or war profiteers

were to blame for the
colonization of Yugoslavia

just as much as the
colonists from the West.

Nobody could’ve done this to
us if we were not as weak as

we are in defining ourselves
and defending our own history

If we, as a nation, stand up,
no one can keep us down.

There is no cruise missile,
there is no imperial power,

there is no spying network,

there is no media domination
that can crush our people.

Yugoslavs must become
aware that their

countries are Western colonies,

victims of rampant and
merciless globalization,

bound by economic, social and
political chains.

If they don’t, the weight of
chains

will slowly get unbearable.

The land of the South Slavs,
whatever you call it,

has great potential shared
by some of the most

diverse and enigmatic
people in the world.

The East thought
they were the West,

the West considered
them the East.

Some of them misunderstood their
place in the clash of currents,

so outside powers exploited
them for centuries.

Enough.

MUSIC