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WWW.MY-SUBS.CO
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9/11 was a beautiful, clear fall morning.
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I was leaving for work
later than I normally would
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because I had actually
entered into the CIA retirement program.
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I went to headquarters, where I had been
deputy chief for two years.
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So it was going to be a kind of sad day
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because I was going to miss working there.
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At some point, there was some commotion.
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This just in.
You are looking at
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a very disturbing live shot there.
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That is the World Trade Center.
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We have unconfirmed reports
this morning...
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There's the second plane.
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Another passenger plane
hitting the World Trade Center.
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Oh my goodness.
Oh my goodness.
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We're looking at a live picture
from Washington,
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and there is smoke pouring
out of the Pentagon.
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Everyone assumed it was al-Qaeda.
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As I say, FBI, the U.S. military,
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because there really weren't
any groups that would have
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that kind of organization
and that ability
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to plan something and carry something
of that scale out against America.
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The president said, "I want Americans,
either military or CIA,
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on the ground in Afghanistan
hunting Bin Laden."
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On the 14th, the chief
of Counterterrorism Center
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called and said,
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"Gary, do you want to take a team,
the first team, into Afghanistan?"
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He said, "I can't think of anyone
in the agency
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who is better prepared.
You've worked it for years."
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I said, "Of course I'll go."
I mean, everybody in America
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wants to strike back
at these terrorists,
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and you're telling me
I get to lead the attack? Yes.
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My wife, she was unhappy.
She said, "You're retiring."
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"You're 59 years old.
Why are you doing this?"
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There was a picture
in the Washington Post
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of a fireman in New York.
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Just his face in his dress uniform
and tears running down his face
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because he was at a funeral.
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And I held it up to her
and I said, "That's why I'm going."
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And I said, "I can't not."
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A day of remembrance.
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In Washington and around the world,
the nation pauses to honor those lost,
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missing, changed forever.
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I think we were all in shock.
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The whole U.S. government was in shock.
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They were meeting at the White House
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{n8}in the Situation Room,
the Counterterrorist Center,
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{n8}Chief... Chief of Central Intelligence
George Tenet, were there.
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And they met and talked about
what the responses could be.
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We knew it was Bin Laden that...
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I mean, and that he was in Afghanistan
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and that he had built
the al-Qaeda network.
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I had gone into Afghanistan
during that period, from 1996 to 1999,
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on three different occasions.
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We had contact with virtually
every commander of note in the country.
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And so it made sense
that I would go back in
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during this first visit
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to try to convince them
to work with us.
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So right then, we started planning,
Counterterrorist Center and myself,
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starting pulling the team together.
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Phil Reilly, probably one of the youngest
senior intelligence service officers
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in the agency,
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had been suggested as my deputy
for the team.
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We talked for ten minutes,
and I said, "This is the guy."
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{n8}First time I met Gary Schroen,
I knew of his name.
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{n8}He was a very storied figure
within the CIA.
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I'd almost say legendary
with the Near East division.
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He held the agency's highest award
for events before 9/11.
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My emotions, uh, they probably
weren't noble ones.
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I mean, I was very angry, very upset.
I wanted,
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like a lot of people did,
go get those responsible
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for the attack on our country.
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So revenge was a big
motivation for me.
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But I also intend to be honest.
I was very humbled and honored
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that I knew I had drawn the, you know,
the lottery ticket,
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the right one to be on this team.
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Our mission was given to us verbally
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by Cofer Black,
the head of the Counterterrorism Center.
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It was to go into Afghanistan,
contact the Northern Alliance,
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bring them over to our side,
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make them understand
that we would be bringing in
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large elements of the U.S. military,
that we would be working together.
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And he said, "You have to prepare them
to receive American Special Forces
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who will be arriving at some point
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so they can do target designation out
in the battle lines in front of Kabul."
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"Then, once you get past the Taliban
and you break them,
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and you get into Kabul,
you are to hunt down Bin Laden
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and his lieutenants."
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"And then, when you kill Bin Laden,
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you cut his head off
and you put it on dry ice
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and you ship it back
so I can show the president."
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And then I walked out. I said to Phil,
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"Was he joking?"
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Phil said, "No, man, he was serious."
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But, anyway, that was our orders.
So right then, we started planning.
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I got the best field communicator, John.
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And I picked another paramilitary officer,
coincidentally named Phil.
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Gary picked the finest case officer
in the Near East division, Chris.
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One other guy was a former SEAL.
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He knew demolitions.
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And he was a huge, strong man.
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We came up with Doc, Doc Phillips,
who was the medic.
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He was a combat medic in Vietnam
back in Special Forces days.
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This guy knew exactly what to take
into a place like that.
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{n8}I had been working a program
that was doing aerial surveillance
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{n8}of the areas where Bin Laden frequented.
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Our team was the one that actually filmed
Osama bin Laden
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walking across Tarnak Farms.
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Unmanned,
unarmed spy planes, called Predators,
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fly over known al-Qaeda training camps,
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the pictures transmitted live
to CIA headquarters half a world away.
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A Predator captured
even more extraordinary pictures:
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this tall figure in flowing white robes
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many intelligence analysts
believe is Osama bin Laden.
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So the idea would be, if we have to,
we could go back and capture him.
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And that's what I was doing
before 9/11.
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On September 10th,
we had everything set up.
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We were flying home then
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on a Lufthansa flight.
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On 9/11, he was scheduled
to come home that morning.
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{n8}And my daughter calls and says,
"Where's Dad?"
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{n8}And I said, "He's on his way home."
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On the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
is where the pilot announced
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they're closing the airspace.
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Doc Phillips was stuck
in Gander, Newfoundland.
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All the planes were grounded,
and we had...
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And he was grounded with them,
so getting him back to us was important.
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Dave called.
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I said, "Any idea
when you'll be coming home?"
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"Because they'll probably
lift these flights soon."
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He said, "I'm not."
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"They're flying in to pick me up
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and I'll see you probably
in a month or two."
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Sue's been around the agency a bit,
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and she knew instantaneously
where I was going.
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You know, she knew I'd been working
Afghanistan since 1980.
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So she knew.
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It turned out that there was a helicopter
that we were going to use.
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It was a CIA-owned helicopter
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waiting for us.
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It had a crew of three,
so there would be a total of ten of us,
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CIA people, flying into Afghanistan
when we tried to make the entry.
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It looked like
the Over-the-Hill Gang going to war.
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The same group of people
who had been doing this stuff
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all over the world.
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And we have a place, surprisingly,
the CIA does,
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that has every weapon known to man.
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And you can get them in quantities.
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And so we had ten of each
of the weapons,
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plus all the sundry ammunition
people thought we might need.
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I thought we would have a warehouse
that would have military uniforms.
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The CIA doesn't, so we took money
to the local REI store
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and loaded up.
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There were three of us.
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We had this big shopping cart
full of stuff.
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One of the ladies came over and said,
"Where are you going?"
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I said, "Hiking in the mountains."
She said, "Where?"
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I said, "Oh, overseas."
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She didn't say anything,
just looked at us.
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And the last thing we took
was $3 million in cash.
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Cash was critical,
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and $3 million was just the initial
tranche of money we needed
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to induce warlords to do the right thing.
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Cash was needed to buy things
they needed to prosecute the operations.
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We then moved forward
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and ultimately linked up
with our Mi-17,
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a single Russian helicopter.
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And we had our permission,
uh, 26 September
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to enter Afghanistan.
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We flew through what's called
the Anjuman Pass.
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And the helicopter, coincidentally,
had just been refitted
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and rehabbed to a certain degree.
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This helicopter
was not in the greatest shape.
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As we were climbing, you could hear
the sound of the engine changing.
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It was beginning to labor
because the air was getting thinner.
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And there's not a...
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The lift is diminishing.
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Basically, they were radioing
on their internal communication
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back to our commo guy.
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They don't know if we're gonna make it.
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That we may have to turn around.
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The helicopter's service ceiling
is not anywhere near 17,000 feet.
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This thing is really straining to go
over these mountains in the Hindu Kush.
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You could feel the straining
to stay in the air.
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As we started down, you could
hear the pitch of the engine change.
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And everybody was thumbs up.
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Once we cleared the Anjuman Pass,
we were good.
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We ascended into the Panjshir Valley.
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It was about 2:30 in the afternoon
on the 26th.
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And when I stepped off,
there were probably ten,
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eleven Afghans standing there.
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Guys from the Northern Alliance.
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I recognized five of them,
and they recognized me.
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We had met before
on some of the visits I had made.
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Everyone was happy,
including myself,
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that the Americans
were getting involved in this war.
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We were glad that this war would
become an international war,
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and the world would
be intervening here.
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{n8}They said,
"We are ready to attack Afghanistan,
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{n8}but not without understanding
your point of view."
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"Where would you stand
regarding this matter?"
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"Do you accept it or not?"
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The Northern Alliance was united
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vis-ร -vis attacking the Taliban
and going after al-Qaeda.
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But underneath the surface,
there was a fragility to it
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because it was pulling together
all the disparate ethnic groups
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within Afghanistan.
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{n8}Taliban controlled three-fourths
of the country at that time
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{n8}in 2000, 2001.
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{n8}But they couldn't take
the Panjshir Valley.
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And so they were at a stalemate.
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Ahmad Shah Massoud
had an army of about 8,000 fighters.
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These Northern Alliance fighters
are excellent at what they do.
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This is their valley.
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They're not gonna let the Taliban in
without a fight.
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00:14:03,320 --> 00:14:06,800
Masood Khalili was Ahmad Shah Massoud's
best friend.
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They were like brothers.
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Al-Qaeda.
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Bin Laden.
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Zawahiri.
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{n8}All of them were in Afghanistan.
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Taliban started indeed savagery.
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Indeed killing.
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Every girl in their house
was just thinking that,
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"Are they coming now to take me?"
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"To kill me?"
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"To push me
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and my brother?"
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Commander Massoud said,
"We have to warn the world."
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We went to France.
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His first trip to France.
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And there, in France,
he was invited by European Union,
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and there he announced something
which is very important.
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The Taliban that are
currently active in Afghanistan
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have a very specific vision
and interpretation of Islam.
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The groups that support them,
like Osama Bin Laden's,
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along with the Pakistani regime,
have similar objectives.
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I want to insist on the fact
that the goals of these groups
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are not restricted to Afghanistan alone.
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Believe me, their goal is to continue
beyond Afghanistan
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to the rest of the world.
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00:15:45,480 --> 00:15:50,240
Massoud exposed
the true face of the Taliban,
242
00:15:50,320 --> 00:15:55,960
al-Qaeda network, and Bin Laden
to the international community.
243
00:15:59,880 --> 00:16:03,000
Two Arab guys
244
00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:06,600
who were affiliated
with Bin Laden's al-Qaeda from Europe
245
00:16:06,680 --> 00:16:09,560
got fake credentials as journalists
246
00:16:09,640 --> 00:16:12,440
and came to Afghanistan
with a camera,
247
00:16:12,520 --> 00:16:14,560
and they had packed it
with explosives.
248
00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:19,440
And on 9th September,
they were finally able to sit down
249
00:16:19,520 --> 00:16:23,120
with Ahmad Shah Massoud,
leader of the Northern Alliance,
250
00:16:23,200 --> 00:16:25,080
the Taliban's biggest enemy.
251
00:16:26,080 --> 00:16:29,760
Commander sat beside me,
shoulder to shoulder.
252
00:16:30,520 --> 00:16:33,760
Commander said,
"Tell me the questions first."
253
00:16:33,840 --> 00:16:36,680
It was 15 questions exactly,
254
00:16:36,760 --> 00:16:38,760
and eight were about Osama bin Laden.
255
00:16:42,440 --> 00:16:44,720
And then they started the camera.
256
00:16:53,440 --> 00:16:55,080
They blew the bomb up.
257
00:16:57,240 --> 00:16:59,000
I was injured totally.
258
00:16:59,080 --> 00:17:01,200
I opened my eyes there after...
259
00:17:02,760 --> 00:17:04,640
four or five days.
260
00:17:04,720 --> 00:17:09,440
The first question was,
"How? What happened to my friend?"
261
00:17:10,480 --> 00:17:11,480
"Died."
262
00:17:12,040 --> 00:17:14,599
It was 9 September,
263
00:17:15,079 --> 00:17:17,560
around 11 o'clock in the morning.
264
00:17:19,440 --> 00:17:21,160
And he died in my lap.
265
00:17:24,720 --> 00:17:26,200
He died.
266
00:17:26,280 --> 00:17:28,480
Afghanistan lost a son.
267
00:17:28,560 --> 00:17:31,240
The world lost an honest man.
268
00:17:42,480 --> 00:17:45,160
By then,
Bin Laden had made a deal
269
00:17:45,240 --> 00:17:48,280
with leader of the Taliban
Mullah Omar.
270
00:17:49,960 --> 00:17:53,440
"I will give you money
if you give me sanctuary
271
00:17:53,520 --> 00:17:56,280
{n8}here in Kandahar, and a country."
272
00:17:57,040 --> 00:17:59,000
{n8}And Mullah Omar said yes.
273
00:18:00,280 --> 00:18:04,560
{n8}Bin Laden knew that if he could kill
Ahmad Shah Massoud,
274
00:18:04,640 --> 00:18:09,640
{n8}that that would remove the Taliban's
biggest enemy in Afghanistan.
275
00:18:11,600 --> 00:18:15,200
Bin Laden told Mullah Omar
that he and his guys had done the attack.
276
00:18:15,920 --> 00:18:18,640
"Now the Americans
are going to come for me,
277
00:18:18,720 --> 00:18:22,360
and you have agreed
I can stay here in Afghanistan."
278
00:18:24,360 --> 00:18:29,840
And so when Bin Laden brought down
the wrath of the U.S. on Afghanistan,
279
00:18:29,920 --> 00:18:33,320
just by the code
that Mullah Omar lived by
280
00:18:33,400 --> 00:18:34,800
he could not throw him out.
281
00:18:37,880 --> 00:18:41,920
Ahmad Shah Massoud's death
really united the Northern Alliance.
282
00:18:42,000 --> 00:18:44,480
If there was any doubt
what side they would be on,
283
00:18:44,560 --> 00:18:46,840
{n8}there was no reason to feel any question.
284
00:18:46,920 --> 00:18:48,680
{n8}They were totally onboard.
285
00:18:49,320 --> 00:18:52,000
And the seven of us
literally went to work immediately
286
00:18:52,080 --> 00:18:53,440
doing what we needed to do.
287
00:18:53,520 --> 00:18:57,640
First, we set up camp at a house
that was provided to us, a safe house.
288
00:18:59,840 --> 00:19:02,120
Basically, we said
we're the tip of the spear.
289
00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:04,480
We're out here. There's nobody else.
290
00:19:04,560 --> 00:19:08,080
And the reason that the U.S. military
had declared
291
00:19:08,160 --> 00:19:10,120
that they weren't going to come with us
292
00:19:10,200 --> 00:19:14,040
was that they said
there is no search and rescue capability,
293
00:19:14,120 --> 00:19:16,480
and it's too dangerous
to send our soldiers
294
00:19:16,560 --> 00:19:19,200
into a place where they can't be rescued.
295
00:19:19,280 --> 00:19:21,440
We were all macho guys, supposedly.
296
00:19:22,640 --> 00:19:24,920
But everybody knew it was dangerous.
297
00:19:25,000 --> 00:19:29,040
There was no way out
except the helicopter.
298
00:19:29,120 --> 00:19:32,320
And if the helicopter broke
or it couldn't get over the mountain,
299
00:19:32,400 --> 00:19:34,960
we might have to walk out,
because...
300
00:19:35,040 --> 00:19:38,400
And it was a long way out
up over the mountains toward Pakistan.
301
00:19:41,000 --> 00:19:42,880
We sat down and tried to figure out,
302
00:19:42,960 --> 00:19:45,720
under the new structure
without Ahmad Shah Massoud,
303
00:19:45,800 --> 00:19:47,120
who was in charge.
304
00:19:53,680 --> 00:19:57,080
General Fahim,
then the leader of the Northern Alliance,
305
00:19:57,160 --> 00:20:00,480
he was drastically different
than Ahmad Shah Massoud.
306
00:20:00,560 --> 00:20:03,760
But he was a fighter,
and he committed to working with us.
307
00:20:05,560 --> 00:20:07,160
So we go to a meeting
308
00:20:07,240 --> 00:20:10,760
and there's, like... a crew
of these senior guys are there.
309
00:20:10,840 --> 00:20:13,520
Uh, and so we sat down.
310
00:20:13,600 --> 00:20:18,400
And I have a... $250,000 with me.
311
00:20:19,080 --> 00:20:23,760
I told the Northern Alliance
commanders in the valley
312
00:20:23,840 --> 00:20:26,720
that I don't want to hear
about political differences.
313
00:20:26,800 --> 00:20:29,360
I don't want to hear
about ethnic differences.
314
00:20:29,440 --> 00:20:33,120
Under Ahmad Shah Massoud,
you guys had been united.
315
00:20:33,200 --> 00:20:35,080
Because I control the money.
316
00:20:35,160 --> 00:20:38,600
And I've got a lot of money
to give out for specific purposes.
317
00:20:38,680 --> 00:20:41,960
But if you aren't working together,
you're not getting anything.
318
00:20:42,040 --> 00:20:44,280
Money went to commanders
that needed it.
319
00:20:44,840 --> 00:20:46,680
Various military commanders.
320
00:20:46,760 --> 00:20:49,120
And all of it was provided by the team.
321
00:20:52,000 --> 00:20:54,720
We organized
what we called a fusion center.
322
00:20:54,800 --> 00:20:56,720
It was a couple of CIA people,
323
00:20:56,800 --> 00:20:59,680
plus the Northern Alliance
intelligence analyst.
324
00:20:59,760 --> 00:21:02,800
So these guys would take
intelligence that they gathered,
325
00:21:02,880 --> 00:21:05,120
or listening to the radios
of the Taliban,
326
00:21:05,200 --> 00:21:07,400
and then say, "This is what's happening."
327
00:21:07,480 --> 00:21:10,400
So these were tactical stuff.
"Where are the Taliban?"
328
00:21:10,480 --> 00:21:12,520
"What are they doing? What's going on?"
329
00:21:17,840 --> 00:21:20,320
One of the dangers
we would run into...
330
00:21:21,520 --> 00:21:24,600
if you drive into a Taliban
or an al-Qaeda ambush,
331
00:21:25,920 --> 00:21:27,640
probably never
gonna be seen again.
332
00:21:27,720 --> 00:21:32,080
It's obvious that you're an American.
It's something that we really had to face.
333
00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:45,440
One thing that we needed to do
was to go down to the front lines
334
00:21:45,520 --> 00:21:49,360
and actually GPS
where the front lines were.
335
00:21:51,000 --> 00:21:53,120
Team one
was sent up to Kunduz.
336
00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:56,240
Kunduz was where
rockets were flying,
337
00:21:56,320 --> 00:21:58,080
and a great deal of fighting.
338
00:22:00,640 --> 00:22:04,720
And the other team that broke off,
we went down to the hills above Bagram.
339
00:22:07,640 --> 00:22:10,560
And the idea then was,
we'll capture Bagram...
340
00:22:13,720 --> 00:22:16,320
then start working our way
to actually capture Kabul.
341
00:22:18,600 --> 00:22:21,320
{n8}That's pretty well what our mission was.
342
00:22:21,400 --> 00:22:24,200
What we did
the first three to four weeks
343
00:22:24,280 --> 00:22:26,720
was plot enemy positions,
working with the locals,
344
00:22:26,800 --> 00:22:30,520
taking maps out and, with laser range
finders and other techniques,
345
00:22:30,600 --> 00:22:34,040
we would identify
all of the enemy positions.
346
00:22:34,120 --> 00:22:37,240
And then send that all back
in intelligence reports to the CIA,
347
00:22:37,320 --> 00:22:40,760
which were then immediately disseminated
to the U.S. military.
348
00:22:48,480 --> 00:22:53,480
We'd been begging for air strikes
down on the Shomali Plain.
349
00:22:53,560 --> 00:22:57,280
We had a TV in the courtyard.
And they turned it on. It was CNN.
350
00:22:57,360 --> 00:23:01,760
And CNN announced the U.S. military
started its bombing campaign.
351
00:23:01,840 --> 00:23:06,360
{n8}On my orders, the United States military
has begun strikes
352
00:23:06,440 --> 00:23:09,080
{n8}against al-Qaeda terrorist
training camps
353
00:23:09,160 --> 00:23:12,920
{n8}and military installations
of the Taliban regime in Afghanistan.
354
00:23:13,800 --> 00:23:17,000
And that first night,
Phil and I stood on the roof
355
00:23:17,080 --> 00:23:19,600
looking at the mountains
between us and Kabul.
356
00:23:19,680 --> 00:23:23,120
We were about 30 miles away,
but there were low clouds in the sky.
357
00:23:23,200 --> 00:23:26,120
We said, "When the bombs hit,
we'll see the flash reflected
358
00:23:26,200 --> 00:23:27,720
on the bottom of the clouds."
359
00:23:27,800 --> 00:23:31,600
And finally, there's...
You see a flash.
360
00:23:31,680 --> 00:23:32,840
"Okay, it's starting."
361
00:23:34,280 --> 00:23:35,480
Nothing. That was it.
362
00:23:36,080 --> 00:23:39,440
Well, the first air strikes,
I'll tell you, they were not...
363
00:23:39,520 --> 00:23:42,160
It was not shock and awe.
I think they were getting...
364
00:23:42,240 --> 00:23:45,000
They didn't want to do
collateral damage with civilians.
365
00:23:45,080 --> 00:23:48,280
Initially, we were concerned,
and so was the Northern Alliance,
366
00:23:48,360 --> 00:23:50,520
where's this U.S. air power
we've been told?
367
00:23:50,600 --> 00:23:54,320
{n8}All the people
were satisfied and happy
368
00:23:54,400 --> 00:23:57,960
{n8}that there was at least a war
against the Taliban,
369
00:23:58,040 --> 00:24:01,480
but our troops were not satisfied
with the American attacks.
370
00:24:03,920 --> 00:24:08,000
Instead of concentrating
on the front lines at Kabul
371
00:24:08,720 --> 00:24:12,920
or the front lines at Mazar-i-Sharif,
or in Takhar,
372
00:24:13,480 --> 00:24:15,760
they started bombing all over the country.
373
00:24:15,840 --> 00:24:20,040
That looked like tank depots
with truck repair places.
374
00:24:20,120 --> 00:24:21,920
Troop training areas.
375
00:24:22,000 --> 00:24:25,200
Barracks, warehouses.
376
00:24:25,280 --> 00:24:29,200
So all of this bombing of these places
was just wasted.
377
00:24:35,480 --> 00:24:37,800
Team Alpha
went to the Mazar-i-Sharif,
378
00:24:37,880 --> 00:24:40,720
which was an agency team
very similar in composition
379
00:24:40,800 --> 00:24:42,560
to the team that I was part of.
380
00:24:42,640 --> 00:24:44,760
These became known as the horse soldiers.
381
00:24:45,840 --> 00:24:49,600
{n8}There were resistance groups
inside the north,
382
00:24:49,680 --> 00:24:53,560
{n8}uh, that were inside the, you know,
the Taliban lines,
383
00:24:53,640 --> 00:24:55,760
fighting in the mountains.
384
00:24:55,840 --> 00:24:58,520
Uh, and that's where we were
going to go.
385
00:25:02,240 --> 00:25:06,280
Abdul Rashid Dostum
is often referred to as a warlord.
386
00:25:14,320 --> 00:25:17,680
The truth is, is that he was certainly
an ethnic tribal leader.
387
00:25:17,760 --> 00:25:23,040
He was a leader of the ethnic group
known as the Uzbeks in Afghanistan.
388
00:25:25,440 --> 00:25:28,920
Once the Taliban were in charge,
the militia became a resistance group.
389
00:25:31,720 --> 00:25:34,240
Dostum had resistance fighters
all over the place,
390
00:25:34,320 --> 00:25:38,200
but he had a... what would probably
be called a Praetorian Guard.
391
00:25:40,280 --> 00:25:43,520
His own bodyguard
that traveled with him wherever.
392
00:25:44,720 --> 00:25:47,280
Horsemen would all arrive
out of a dust cloud.
393
00:25:51,480 --> 00:25:55,040
Dostum had said up front,
"Things are a little different here."
394
00:25:55,120 --> 00:25:59,080
"What we call an armored
personnel carrier, you call a horse."
395
00:26:01,200 --> 00:26:03,120
I'd learned to ride when I was a kid.
396
00:26:03,200 --> 00:26:06,040
I grew up on a farm,
and so it was not a big deal.
397
00:26:06,600 --> 00:26:09,760
The rest of the team, not so much.
398
00:26:12,160 --> 00:26:14,920
Our job was basically
399
00:26:15,000 --> 00:26:18,960
to serve as the pathfinders
400
00:26:19,040 --> 00:26:21,160
for the U.S. Special Forces.
401
00:26:21,240 --> 00:26:24,440
Pathfinders are the people
who go in ahead of time
402
00:26:24,520 --> 00:26:29,240
to ensure that the guys
can get into Afghanistan safely.
403
00:26:29,320 --> 00:26:31,680
{n8}I'm Lieutenant General retired
John Mulholland.
404
00:26:31,760 --> 00:26:33,880
{n8}I'm a career
Army Special Forces officer.
405
00:26:33,960 --> 00:26:35,960
I have had the great privilege and honor
406
00:26:36,040 --> 00:26:38,960
of commanding
the 5th Special Forces Group in 2001.
407
00:26:43,400 --> 00:26:47,040
The first effort was aimed
at getting a integrated team
408
00:26:47,120 --> 00:26:50,560
of CIA and Special Forces soldiers
working together.
409
00:26:55,960 --> 00:26:58,760
We talked to Colonel Mulholland directly.
410
00:26:58,840 --> 00:27:03,680
He tried on several occasions
to send two Black Hawk helicopters
411
00:27:03,760 --> 00:27:06,400
over the Anjuman Pass
412
00:27:06,480 --> 00:27:09,000
and come into the valley.
413
00:27:09,720 --> 00:27:11,720
First two times,
the weather was so bad.
414
00:27:11,800 --> 00:27:15,000
Icy conditions, snow.
He had to turn around both times.
415
00:27:20,680 --> 00:27:26,360
ODA 555 was an aid detachment
of 12 men and two helicopters.
416
00:27:26,440 --> 00:27:28,600
Um, and for whatever reason,
417
00:27:28,680 --> 00:27:31,640
they actually didn't land
right on our landing zone.
418
00:27:31,720 --> 00:27:33,920
One landed on one side
of the Panjshir River,
419
00:27:34,000 --> 00:27:36,360
and one helicopter landed
on the other side.
420
00:27:38,240 --> 00:27:41,280
There's no reception committee,
that would be us,
421
00:27:41,360 --> 00:27:44,640
saying, "Get off the helicopter.
We're friends. Everything's okay."
422
00:27:44,720 --> 00:27:46,760
We were basically
just wandering
423
00:27:46,840 --> 00:27:49,360
toward where we thought they would be.
424
00:27:49,440 --> 00:27:53,000
Hal, the Navy SEAL,
couldn't resist water in front of him.
425
00:27:53,080 --> 00:27:55,800
He dove in the stupid river
and swam across,
426
00:27:56,760 --> 00:27:58,760
and actually found the one team.
427
00:27:58,840 --> 00:28:02,560
I got a white jacket on,
a zipper jacket, and a ball cap,
428
00:28:02,640 --> 00:28:04,640
and I'm waving and I'm hollering,
429
00:28:04,720 --> 00:28:08,240
"We're CIA! We're CIA! Don't shoot!"
430
00:28:09,120 --> 00:28:10,680
And they come walking up to us.
431
00:28:11,280 --> 00:28:13,840
I said, "Hi, I'm Gary Schroen.
I'm from the CIA."
432
00:28:13,920 --> 00:28:15,360
"We're here to welcome you."
433
00:28:16,360 --> 00:28:19,880
That night, would've been about
24 Green Berets on the ground.
434
00:28:19,960 --> 00:28:22,760
And that team linked up
with our Team Alpha,
435
00:28:22,840 --> 00:28:24,920
uh, JR Seeger and others
436
00:28:25,000 --> 00:28:29,320
working with Dostum
and other elements in that area,
437
00:28:29,400 --> 00:28:30,680
and mobilizing them.
438
00:28:42,480 --> 00:28:45,320
What the Special Forces unit
was supposed to do
439
00:28:45,400 --> 00:28:48,920
was laser-designate targets
down on the battlefield,
440
00:28:49,000 --> 00:28:53,720
that U.S. aircraft flying in
would see the laser beam
441
00:28:53,800 --> 00:28:57,400
and could see the starting point,
and that was carefully given to them.
442
00:28:57,480 --> 00:28:59,280
And they were to bomb the end point,
443
00:28:59,360 --> 00:29:02,120
because that was a high-value target,
a SOFLAM.
444
00:29:02,200 --> 00:29:05,720
What Dostum would do
is he would call down
445
00:29:05,800 --> 00:29:08,840
to the enemy that was in front of us.
446
00:29:09,480 --> 00:29:10,800
And he would say to them,
447
00:29:10,880 --> 00:29:12,320
"You're on the losing side."
448
00:29:13,240 --> 00:29:15,640
I will be polite. He wasn't as polite.
449
00:29:16,880 --> 00:29:22,440
More often than not, he would get
an exceptionally rude response
450
00:29:22,520 --> 00:29:24,360
on the radio.
451
00:29:24,440 --> 00:29:28,080
So then he would turn
to our Special Forces colleagues
452
00:29:29,640 --> 00:29:33,080
and he'd say, "I really need
an air strike there."
453
00:29:35,400 --> 00:29:37,760
And then the United States Air Force
or the Navy
454
00:29:37,840 --> 00:29:42,920
would then drop laser-guided munitions
right on top of that location.
455
00:29:52,120 --> 00:29:54,760
Didn't take much convincing
at that point,
456
00:29:54,840 --> 00:30:00,160
after one guy had seen his partner
completely destroyed,
457
00:30:00,240 --> 00:30:04,200
to realize that he was on the wrong side,
and side with us.
458
00:30:04,280 --> 00:30:08,360
We used to refer to Afghanistan in
its early days as Mad Max meets Star Wars.
459
00:30:10,840 --> 00:30:14,360
We were literally bringing together
ancient methods of warfare
460
00:30:14,440 --> 00:30:16,200
on horseback, et cetera,
461
00:30:16,280 --> 00:30:20,040
and combining it with, you know,
now 21st century technology.
462
00:30:20,120 --> 00:30:21,640
Laser-guided munitions.
463
00:30:21,720 --> 00:30:23,720
Precision Strike munitions.
464
00:30:27,920 --> 00:30:31,360
But come early November, it was clear
the trajectory that we were on.
465
00:30:31,440 --> 00:30:33,840
Gary was needed back in Washington
for meetings
466
00:30:33,920 --> 00:30:38,080
because he had the most current
understanding of the situation,
467
00:30:38,160 --> 00:30:41,360
and there was an appetite
by President Bush and others for that.
468
00:30:41,440 --> 00:30:46,200
I left the valley,
I think it was on 4th November.
469
00:30:46,280 --> 00:30:49,360
I retired on 31st November,
470
00:30:49,440 --> 00:30:53,600
and on 4th December
I signed a contract to work for CTC.
471
00:30:54,480 --> 00:30:57,960
I was asked to help out
in the Counterterrorism Center,
472
00:30:58,040 --> 00:31:01,000
the Counterterrorism Center's
Special Operations Department.
473
00:31:01,080 --> 00:31:04,680
I went back to be its chief of operations.
We were there to get al-Qaeda.
474
00:31:04,760 --> 00:31:07,040
A lot was gonna be run
from headquarters.
475
00:31:07,120 --> 00:31:11,760
So we were handing off Jawbreaker
to the second Jawbreaker team.
476
00:31:11,840 --> 00:31:13,760
Uh, Gary Berntsen was its head.
477
00:31:13,840 --> 00:31:16,760
Some of my team was staying there
to provide overlap.
478
00:31:26,040 --> 00:31:28,480
We were doing
significant air strikes
479
00:31:28,560 --> 00:31:30,360
on Taliban defensive positions.
480
00:31:30,440 --> 00:31:34,200
They broke through the final
Taliban defenses on the foothills,
481
00:31:34,280 --> 00:31:36,680
the northern foothills
of the Hindu Kush.
482
00:31:36,760 --> 00:31:39,520
And now the plains
up to Mazar-i-Sharif were now open.
483
00:31:39,600 --> 00:31:43,120
The Taliban basically just abandoned
Mazar-i-Sharif.
484
00:31:43,200 --> 00:31:45,920
We did not have to fight for that city,
thankfully.
485
00:31:47,440 --> 00:31:50,760
We had this crowd of people
from Mazar-i-Sharif
486
00:31:50,840 --> 00:31:54,960
who were thrilled to see the Taliban gone.
487
00:31:57,040 --> 00:31:59,760
It was absolutely a wonderful feeling.
488
00:32:00,520 --> 00:32:06,240
We knew our job wasn't done.
It was a nice moment, that's for sure.
489
00:32:10,960 --> 00:32:13,480
I communicated with Gary and his team.
490
00:32:13,560 --> 00:32:18,200
He was going from the northeast
to the southwest.
491
00:32:18,280 --> 00:32:20,200
That's the direction heading to Kabul.
492
00:32:20,280 --> 00:32:22,880
The liberation of Kabul
was going to be the gain.
493
00:32:22,960 --> 00:32:26,960
Kabul was the capital. And it was
the capital before the Taliban took over,
494
00:32:27,040 --> 00:32:30,360
and it remains the capital,
so whoever owns it owns the country.
495
00:32:30,440 --> 00:32:34,880
So taking it back was critical
in putting the new government into place.
496
00:32:40,080 --> 00:32:44,920
The Taliban literally pulled out of Kabul
the first night that we attacked.
497
00:32:45,000 --> 00:32:48,280
From where I was,
it was definitely in convoys.
498
00:32:52,800 --> 00:32:55,080
The morning of the 14th,
General Baryalai Khan
499
00:32:55,160 --> 00:32:56,480
was leading his troops in,
500
00:32:56,560 --> 00:33:00,840
and he had told the CIA team
that had been shadowing him
501
00:33:00,920 --> 00:33:03,360
as the battle went on
down on the Shomali Plains,
502
00:33:04,360 --> 00:33:06,840
"I'm gonna go in,
and you guys wait."
503
00:33:07,960 --> 00:33:10,560
They basically said,
"We're going to come with you."
504
00:33:11,680 --> 00:33:16,560
Our team plus the Special Forces guys
started following the general down.
505
00:33:16,640 --> 00:33:18,160
And he just drove right in.
506
00:33:18,240 --> 00:33:22,000
He was like the first senior person
from the Northern Alliance side
507
00:33:22,080 --> 00:33:23,760
to get into the city.
508
00:33:23,840 --> 00:33:28,720
The same day that the attack
on Taliban forces began,
509
00:33:28,800 --> 00:33:32,560
I was on the front line
of the old North Road,
510
00:33:32,640 --> 00:33:35,320
and we were moving towards Kabul.
511
00:33:35,400 --> 00:33:38,000
The tanks came forward,
the infantry behind them,
512
00:33:38,080 --> 00:33:41,640
and I took my camera and I got on one
of the tanks and we moved forward.
513
00:33:42,600 --> 00:33:44,200
It did not take long.
514
00:33:44,280 --> 00:33:46,400
There was virtually no resistance.
515
00:33:46,480 --> 00:33:49,440
As the forces of the Northern Alliance
rolled into Kabul,
516
00:33:49,520 --> 00:33:51,400
the people took to the streets.
517
00:34:08,320 --> 00:34:11,680
John Mulholland grabbed me,
held me up in the air and gave me a hug,
518
00:34:11,760 --> 00:34:12,960
and cracked two ribs.
519
00:34:13,040 --> 00:34:15,440
He was really ecstatic
520
00:34:15,520 --> 00:34:17,080
over Kabul finally falling.
521
00:34:23,719 --> 00:34:26,040
Let's think about Jawbreaker
for a moment.
522
00:34:26,120 --> 00:34:29,199
So they had fought
and successfully defeated the Taliban
523
00:34:29,920 --> 00:34:34,480
in basically less than two months.
524
00:34:34,560 --> 00:34:37,080
Really, it is amazing.
525
00:34:37,159 --> 00:34:39,000
Our biggest disappointment
526
00:34:39,080 --> 00:34:41,320
was the fact that Bin Laden
was on the run.
527
00:34:41,400 --> 00:34:44,280
Gary Berntsen's team...
During that period,
528
00:34:44,360 --> 00:34:48,199
Osama bin Laden tracked to
the Tora Bora region in Afghanistan.
529
00:34:48,280 --> 00:34:51,360
It's a certainty he was there
and did escape across the border.
530
00:34:52,920 --> 00:34:54,960
Despite efforts in blocking forces...
531
00:34:55,040 --> 00:34:57,719
Pakistanis claimed to have 4,000 troops
on the border.
532
00:34:57,800 --> 00:35:00,400
Maybe, but he did escape
and get through.
533
00:35:00,480 --> 00:35:04,080
{n8}Once we knew that Kabul had fallen,
534
00:35:04,160 --> 00:35:08,360
{n8}then the only thing that needed
to be accomplished was Kandahar,
535
00:35:08,440 --> 00:35:09,920
{n8}the home of the Taliban.
536
00:35:10,000 --> 00:35:12,560
And that took place early December.
537
00:35:12,640 --> 00:35:14,520
Almost all of our teams
538
00:35:15,280 --> 00:35:18,160
were reporting mass surrenders
on the part of the Taliban.
539
00:35:18,760 --> 00:35:21,760
So much had been forbidden by the Taliban,
540
00:35:22,560 --> 00:35:24,080
like music and playing,
541
00:35:24,160 --> 00:35:26,360
and anything that a normal
human civilization
542
00:35:26,440 --> 00:35:29,280
would consider fundamental to your life
543
00:35:29,360 --> 00:35:31,240
now was once again available to them.
544
00:35:31,800 --> 00:35:33,320
Barbershops had lines of men
545
00:35:33,400 --> 00:35:35,520
so they could get their beards shaved off.
546
00:35:35,600 --> 00:35:38,640
Men and families who had hidden
their radios,
547
00:35:38,720 --> 00:35:42,120
you know, buried them, were digging
them up and playing them again.
548
00:35:42,200 --> 00:35:44,720
Little kids could play soccer again.
549
00:35:44,800 --> 00:35:46,200
{n8}They were successful
550
00:35:46,280 --> 00:35:51,000
{n8}because in a month or so,
you saw the Taliban out.
551
00:35:52,240 --> 00:35:55,160
I couldn't believe that.
Taliban left Afghanistan.
552
00:35:55,240 --> 00:35:56,640
Yes. Oh my goodness.
553
00:35:57,440 --> 00:35:59,840
It was a united front
554
00:35:59,920 --> 00:36:02,800
against the common global enemy.
555
00:36:08,440 --> 00:36:12,040
Hamid Karzai was appointed
as interim president initially.
556
00:36:13,120 --> 00:36:15,800
The beginning of a new Afghanistan
557
00:36:15,880 --> 00:36:17,760
was happening right then.
558
00:36:22,000 --> 00:36:25,000
Chairman Karzai is a determined leader.
559
00:36:26,520 --> 00:36:30,280
And his government reflects the hopes
of all Afghans
560
00:36:30,360 --> 00:36:32,720
for a new and better future.
561
00:36:32,800 --> 00:36:38,040
The United States strongly supports
Chairman Karzai's interim government.
562
00:36:38,120 --> 00:36:41,080
- Welcome to Washington. Thank you.
- Thank you very much.
563
00:36:41,160 --> 00:36:43,040
What we were able to prove
564
00:36:43,120 --> 00:36:46,440
was that we could, in fact,
565
00:36:46,520 --> 00:36:49,840
let the Afghans do the work themselves.
566
00:36:52,720 --> 00:36:56,200
Many things we gained. Say, education.
567
00:36:56,280 --> 00:36:59,200
An army of 300,000 were built.
568
00:37:01,520 --> 00:37:04,600
Schools, roads, hospitals.
569
00:37:05,120 --> 00:37:07,840
Another thing which was also important:
570
00:37:08,960 --> 00:37:10,000
freedom.
571
00:37:12,680 --> 00:37:16,200
It was not because America
told us to be free.
572
00:37:16,280 --> 00:37:19,120
It was because we got that opportunity
573
00:37:19,800 --> 00:37:22,720
to indeed show our right of freedom.
574
00:37:22,800 --> 00:37:24,960
These are gains that we've got.
575
00:37:27,840 --> 00:37:29,960
This war will not be quick.
576
00:37:30,040 --> 00:37:34,280
We know this from the history
of military conflict in Afghanistan.
577
00:37:34,360 --> 00:37:36,360
It's been one of initial success,
578
00:37:36,440 --> 00:37:39,720
followed by long years
of floundering and ultimate failure.
579
00:37:39,800 --> 00:37:41,440
We're not gonna repeat that.
580
00:37:43,000 --> 00:37:44,680
After more than 13 years,
581
00:37:44,760 --> 00:37:49,360
America's combat mission in Afghanistan
came to a responsible end.
582
00:37:49,440 --> 00:37:52,600
It's time to bring our people back home.
583
00:37:54,040 --> 00:37:57,840
The United States ended
20 years of war in Afghanistan,
584
00:37:57,920 --> 00:38:00,280
the longest war in American history.
585
00:38:00,360 --> 00:38:03,720
Thousands of Afghans
have fled to the Kabul airport
586
00:38:03,800 --> 00:38:05,680
in an attempt to leave Afghanistan
587
00:38:05,760 --> 00:38:09,240
a day after the Taliban
seized control of the country.
588
00:38:20,440 --> 00:38:24,280
The horror that is the
Taliban now enveloping that country again,
589
00:38:24,360 --> 00:38:27,640
actually, more completely
than it was in 2001.
590
00:38:28,640 --> 00:38:31,520
I pray for the people
of Afghanistan every night.
591
00:38:35,800 --> 00:38:39,880
I'm 61, and for the rest of my life
this sort of black mark
592
00:38:39,960 --> 00:38:43,040
is gonna be there,
and I'm not gonna recover from it
593
00:38:43,120 --> 00:38:46,240
in the sense that, you know,
maybe some Vietnam vets
594
00:38:46,320 --> 00:38:47,400
felt the same way.
595
00:38:47,480 --> 00:38:48,920
I was a young guy in '75.
596
00:38:49,000 --> 00:38:52,560
I don't know what the fall of Saigon
felt like to those great Americans.
597
00:38:52,640 --> 00:38:55,600
But I don't know how we recover
as a country,
598
00:38:55,680 --> 00:38:57,160
uh, from what we've done.
599
00:39:00,200 --> 00:39:02,400
We will definitely have to go back.
600
00:39:02,480 --> 00:39:04,840
We have brand-new enemies
coming on the horizon.
601
00:39:04,920 --> 00:39:06,440
Twenty years for what, chump?
602
00:39:06,520 --> 00:39:08,360
Twenty years for what?
603
00:39:09,040 --> 00:39:11,320
All this you did,
what good did it do you?
604
00:39:12,240 --> 00:39:14,920
When I look back at what's happened now,
605
00:39:15,000 --> 00:39:17,760
I have to think of my good friend
Masood Khalili.
606
00:39:20,160 --> 00:39:22,960
And to have to watch him now
look at his country
607
00:39:23,040 --> 00:39:25,560
after all of the sacrifice that he put in,
608
00:39:26,720 --> 00:39:29,400
to say, "It's over."
609
00:39:29,480 --> 00:39:32,640
I mean, there's nothing
that I can do anymore.
610
00:39:33,880 --> 00:39:35,520
It's heartbreaking.
611
00:39:37,400 --> 00:39:41,240
In 43 years, look at this unlucky nation.
612
00:39:42,920 --> 00:39:45,840
Always phases, not of peace.
613
00:39:46,760 --> 00:39:48,680
Phases not of celebration.
614
00:39:48,760 --> 00:39:51,120
Phases not of happiness.
615
00:39:52,320 --> 00:39:54,320
Phases of war.
616
00:39:54,400 --> 00:39:58,440
{n8}We are expecting Europe, NATO, and U.S.
617
00:39:58,520 --> 00:40:03,320
{n8}to actually provide monetary, financial,
and military assistance
618
00:40:03,400 --> 00:40:06,520
to the newly-formed resistance forces.
619
00:40:06,600 --> 00:40:11,520
So today's youth, such as Ahmad Massoud,
who is following his father's footsteps,
620
00:40:11,600 --> 00:40:17,400
and other young adults will be able
to rebuild the country of Afghanistan
621
00:40:17,480 --> 00:40:22,640
and create a modern Afghanistan
for the people of Afghanistan
622
00:40:22,720 --> 00:40:25,600
and the future children of Afghanistan.
623
00:40:25,680 --> 00:40:28,680
It is written in our culture
624
00:40:29,760 --> 00:40:31,440
that you have hope,
625
00:40:32,560 --> 00:40:34,760
you have love,
626
00:40:34,840 --> 00:40:36,000
and never give up.
627
00:40:51,000 --> 00:40:55,720
Noriega was able to use Panama
as a transit point for drugs.
628
00:40:55,800 --> 00:40:59,040
We knew we could not
turn a blind eye anymore.
629
00:40:59,120 --> 00:41:02,160
So the hunt starts.
630
00:41:02,240 --> 00:41:05,240
Oleg Gordievsky, a Soviet KGB officer,
631
00:41:05,320 --> 00:41:09,160
perhaps one of the greatest spies that
ever worked for British intelligence.
632
00:41:09,240 --> 00:41:13,560
It never came to my head that my
comrade can be recruited by the British.
633
00:41:13,640 --> 00:41:16,000
If I had doubts, I would shoot him.
634
00:41:16,680 --> 00:41:19,320
And there's a link between
Turkish Gray Wolves
635
00:41:19,400 --> 00:41:21,160
and the man who tried to kill the Pope.
636
00:41:21,240 --> 00:41:26,200
My intention was to kill
the Pope and commit suicide.
637
00:41:28,680 --> 00:41:31,240
There were 11 hostages.
They're all gone.
638
00:41:31,320 --> 00:41:34,080
Golda Meir called for revenge.
639
00:41:34,160 --> 00:41:37,440
The basic principle
was shoot and don't talk.
640
00:41:39,280 --> 00:41:42,440
The CIA hadn't really
done anything like this,
641
00:41:42,520 --> 00:41:46,880
where we're trying to cooperate
with people
642
00:41:46,960 --> 00:41:48,160
on the enemy side.
643
00:41:49,960 --> 00:41:53,080
There are three nuclear missile warheads
644
00:41:53,160 --> 00:41:55,160
on the bottom of the North Pacific.
645
00:41:55,240 --> 00:41:56,920
The K-129 was a warship.
646
00:41:57,000 --> 00:41:58,600
And it sank.
647
00:41:58,680 --> 00:42:02,120
...couple beat reporters
for the Los Angeles Times...
648
00:42:02,200 --> 00:42:04,520
This was more complex,
649
00:42:04,600 --> 00:42:07,800
in some respects, than going to the Moon.
55362
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