All language subtitles for Ancient Aliens S10E05 The Alien Evolution 1080p Hulu WEB-DL AAC2 0 H 264-QOQ_track3_[eng]

NARRATOR:
Mysterious skulls.

BRIEN FOERSTER:
The DNA didn't match anything

known to be human.

NARRATOR:
Bizarre mutations.

DAVID WILCOCK:
This could be reptilian type

of humanoid life.

NARRATOR:
And terrifying monsters.

JONATHAN YOUNG:
The Apache had a demonic figure

who could petrify you
through its gaze.

NARRATOR: In cultures
throughout the world,

there are stories of strange
humanlike gods.

Could our ancestors
have really encountered

these otherworldly beings?

And might they have
a connection to us?

GIORGIO A. TSOUKALOS:
What we have are remnants

of the teachers that visited
mankind in the remote past.

JASON MARTELL: Our DNA contains
a lost extraterrestrial gene

that's now resurfacing
at the right time.

NARRATOR:
Since the dawn of civilization,

mankind has credited
its origins to gods

and other visitors
from the stars.

What if it were true?

Did extraterrestrial beings

really help
to shape our history?

And if so, might humans
be just one link

in the chain of alien evolution?

NARRATOR:
Paracas skull number 44.

Discovered in 2012,

it has a weight of 2.8 pounds,

25% heavier than the average
adult male skull.

It has a cranial capacity
of 1,500 cubic centimeters,

20% greater than normal.

And it is missing
a sagittal suture,

the connective tissue joint

found between the parietal bones
in all human skulls.

This is just one of hundreds
of strange, misshapen skulls

that have been found
on the southern coast of Peru,

dating back to 1927.

It was at this time

that archaeologist Julio Tello
first excavated

a massive burial complex,

thought to have been built
by the Paracas people

who lived in the region
from 800 BC to 100 BC.

Julio C. Tello was the father
of Peruvian archaeology...

... and in the 1920s,
he discovered mummy bundles.

And in each mummy bundle was a
person with an elongated skull.

They were buried
in family mausoleums,

in some cases as deep
as 30 feet into the bedrock.

NARRATOR:
Mainstream archaeologists say

the elongation is most likely
the result of head binding,

which involves wrapping
the heads of infants

while their skulls
are still soft

in order to change the shape.

It is a practice found
in numerous cultures

throughout the world

that dates back thousands
of years.

But why would people desire

to elongate the heads
of their children?

Ancient astronaut theorists
suggest

that head binding originated
with primitive humans

who were attempting to imitate

the appearance
of extraterrestrial visitors.

But according
to researcher Brien Foerster,

the assistant director
of the Paracas History Museum,

head binding would not account

for the other anomalies
that the Paracas skulls exhibit.

FOERSTER: About five percent
of the elongated skulls

that we find in Paracas
are so complex in shape and size

that it's hard to believe
that they're the result

of any form of cranial
deformation or head binding.

Not only are they
elongated vertically,

but also the eye sockets
are much larger than normal.

There are two holes
in the back of the skull

called foramen,

through which blood
and nerve flow occurred.

And also their jaws
were very robust.

WILCOCK:
Among the largest of them

we find skulls 60% heavier
than normal human skulls

and a brain capacity
that is 2.5 times

larger than the normal
human brain.

NARRATOR: But if these elongated
skulls were not the result

of the ancient practice
of head binding,

then just who or what
were these mysterious beings?

In 2014,

DNA testing was performed
on Paracas skull number 44,

which rendered
surprising results.

FOERSTER: Some initial
DNA testing has been done,

and the results,
according to the geneticist,

are quite startling.

There were certain segments
of the DNA

that didn't match anything
known to be human.

What it suggests to me
is that Paracas could very well

have been an ancient bloodline
related to Homo sapiens

but not specifically
Homo sapiens itself.

When you look at this kind
of archaeological evidence,

you're seeing concrete,
tangible,

DNA‐testable proof

that extraterrestrials
walked on Earth

right among us.

Personally,
I think it is quite possible

that what we have there

are remnants
of the so‐called teachers

that visited mankind
in the remote past.

NARRATOR:
Could it be that this skull

and other similar skulls
found in southern Peru

are something other than human?

While mainstream scholars
continue

to dismiss this possibility,
there is now evidence

that at one time
the Earth was inhabited

by other species that possessed
intelligence equal to

or even greater than humans.

Gibraltar.

September 1, 2014.

Inside Gorham's Cave on the edge
of the Mediterranean Sea,

anthropologists
announce a finding

that fundamentally changes
our understanding

of early human history.

A pattern of cross‐hatched lines
carved into the rock

over 39,000 years ago

is the first known example
of cave art

created not by our ancestors

but by another
intelligent species,

the Neanderthals.

WILLIAM LEONARD: Previous to
this, it was generally regarded

that only anatomically modern
humans had that capability,

that cave paintings and etchings
and making of figurines

was really something that was
restricted to modern humans.

And so the Gibraltar site
clearly indicates

that Neanderthals
had the capacity

for symbolic representation.

NARRATOR:
Like humans, Neanderthals

are thought to have evolved
from Homo erectus,

but contrary to popular belief,
they are not our ancestors.

They were actually
a separate species

that lived alongside
early humans.

More and more evidence is coming
to light, uh, that suggests

that Neanderthals were
at least socially intelligent,

at least thinking
in symbolic behavior,

uh, and therefore may have
even been... as far as we know,

may have been even
more intelligent than‐than us.

PETER WARD:
We find lots of evidence

that Neanderthals used tools,

perhaps in different ways
than we did.

Certainly, the discovery of
graves where flowers are buried.

They loved their children
just as we love ours.

The technology available to them
is only now being discovered.

NARRATOR:
DNA studies show

that Neanderthals lived
among modern humans

for thousands of years

and interbred with them
before becoming extinct.

And they were not
the only other intelligent

humanlike species
in prehistoric times.

In 2003, scientists identified
floresiensis‐‐

known as the Hobbit people‐‐
in Indonesia.

And as recently as 2008,

the species Denisovan hominin
was discovered

in southern Siberia.

LEONARD: What is intriguing
about this find

is the DNA evidence suggests

that they are genetically
distinct from both Neanderthals

and anatomically modern humans,

suggesting perhaps
that at 40,000 years ago,

you had as many
as three different human forms

on planet Earth.

WARD:
No, there absolutely have to be

still unknown human lineages
out there.

Whether they are totally
different species or varieties.

I'm sure
that the paleontologists

of the present day

and the near future will find
more of our family tree.

WILCOCK:
What we're now seeing is

a Lord of the Rings
type situation

in which there are multiple
hominid populations

coexisting on Earth
at the same time.

When we look at the Denisovans,

we're seeing that they actually
have traces in their DNA

of a species that is completely

unlike anything we've seen
anywhere else on Earth.

We don't know
where it comes from,

and we don't know
who these people are.

It's a complete
baffling mystery.

NARRATOR: Did Neanderthals
and other ancient hominids

possess capabilities
on par with,

or perhaps even exceeding,
those of our human ancestors?

And if science is only now

discovering the truth
about these species,

then what other forms
of intelligent life

may have also roamed the Earth
thousands of years ago?

Might humans have shared
the Earth with,

and interbred with, species
not indigenous to this planet?

Ancient astronaut theorists
suggest

there may be further clues
to be found

with Paracas skull number 44,

by reconstructing its face.

FOERSTER:
Beings have mingled with the

genetics that were here.

TSOUKALOS:
I have seen those skulls.

I think that they are themselves
the extraterrestrials.

NARRATOR:
New York City.

March 27, 2015.

Brien Foerster has enlisted
artist Marcia Moore

to help him examine
Paracas skull number 44

in an entirely new way.

Drawing on her experience

doing facial reconstructions
with 3‐D models,

Marcia will try to bring
the ancient skull back to life

by scanning it onto a computer

and digitally
rebuilding its face.

So, the first thing
that we're going to do...

‐I'm going to get a visual.
‐Mm‐hmm.

And now it's going to laser‐cut
slices of this skull.

(chirping)

And it's going
to patch up this entire skull

to make a 3‐D model.

And we'll get to an accurate
feel of this individual.

If you'd like to take your skull
away from the carousel.

Up here on the computer‐‐

this is how we generated
the... the skull model.

With all of these little dots,
the laser picked up

and was able to create
a fairly accurate rendering

of this skull.

FOERSTER:
That's amazing.

NARRATOR:
Analyzing the bone structure,

Marcia begins
to generate virtual layers

of muscle and tissue

to re‐create the facial anatomy
of the Paracas skull.

You can tell by this skull,
the cheeks are prominent.

The chin is very prominent.

The eyes‐‐ obviously
the sockets are much larger,

and that's always difficult.

I'm adding a little bit
more length to the neck.

I think that probably this skull
had a very strong neck,

so added material there.

Create the cranial formation
of the skull.

NARRATOR:
Based on the shape of the skull,

Marcia approximates where to add
additional tissue and muscle

until finally... a face emerges.

FOERSTER:
That's remarkable.

MOORE:
Yeah, so I'm going to show you

the... the build‐up,

slowly building up the cheeks,

the jawline, the eyes.

This, again,
is a reconstruction,

but it's an interpretation

of what this physical
could have looked like.

And here it is.

Well, you have brought
a 2,000‐year‐old skull to life.

And answers some questions,
but presents many more.

Absolutely.

FOERSTER:
Marcia's interpretation

I find very intriguing

because what she has
been able to represent

is atypical of the native people

that we find
in coastal Peru today.

The Paracas culture
disappeared 2,000 years ago.

They left no descendants,

nor did they leave
oral tradition

or written documentation
of any sort.

So we have no idea, in fact,

who they were
and where they came from.

From Marcia's interpretation,
I believe that it is possible

that beings have come
from other parts of our universe

to this planet

and have mingled with
the genetics that were here.

I believe that they're
a subspecies of humanity.

NARRATOR:
Could this be the face

of an alien‐human hybrid?

Or might Paracas skull
number 44

have origins completely outside
of planet Earth,

as some ancient astronaut
theorists suggest?

TSOUKALOS: I have seen
those skulls close up.

And the moment
I was able to do this,

it changes everything

because if you compare a skull

where you can prove

that the skull
was artificially elongated,

and you compare that
to one of the Paracas skulls,

then you can see a marked
difference between the two.

I think, personally,

that they are themselves
the extraterrestrials.

NARRATOR: Is Paracas skull
number 44 evidence

of another intelligent‐‐
perhaps even extraterrestrial‐‐

species living among humans
in the distant past?

Ancient astronaut theorists
suggest

that the facial reconstruction
does resemble an ancient ruler

that they believe was from
the stars‐‐

the Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaten.

CHILDRESS: He has big eyes,
he has an extended head.

And in some ways,

he looks like one of
the Atenists like Akhenaten,

or their children
with large extended heads.

NARRATOR: Akhenaten ruled
in the 14th century BC,

and was considered
a heretical pharaoh

for changing the polytheistic
religion of ancient Egypt.

He declared
there was only one god‐‐ Aten.

A god he depicted
as a disk in the sky.

CHILDRESS: Akhenaten became
enthralled with the Aten disk.

And the Aten disk was something
that was supposedly the sun,

but it was depicted
in a completely different way

than the Egyptians
had depicted the sun before.

And so it's interesting
to think of the Aten disk

as possibly
some kind of a spaceship.

And so, when you see
these Atenists like Akhenaten,

you have to wonder

if they're not some kind
of extraterrestrials.

They look a lot
like Grey aliens.

NARRATOR:
Akhenaten's reign also marked

a radical change in art,
transitioning

from idealistic portrayals
of people

to much more
realistic renditions‐‐

a fact which has only added
to the speculation

about the ancient pharaoh
and his family's origins.

WILCOCK: There are so many
illustrations of them

painted on the temple walls,

as well as granite sculptures
of Akhenaten,

of his wife Nefertiti,

of their daughter Meritaten.

Even King Tut
was one of the children

of Akhenaten and Nefertiti.

There are busts of King Tut

that also show
an elongated skull.

We're also seeing that they have
a very narrow ribcage.

And the distance
between their neck

and their waist is longer

than typical humans
would have on Earth.

You look at this granite bust
of Meritaten,

where her head extends all
the way back, there's no hair,

and you tell me that if a guy

actually made that as a mistake

that he would
still be allowed to work

or even allowed
to finish the sculpture?

He was sculpting what they
really look like.

NARRATOR:
Is the facial reconstruction

of the Paracas skull

the face
of an ancient astronaut?

Does its similarity
to the depictions

of the Egyptian pharaoh
Akhenaten provide evidence

that our planet has, in fact,

been visited
by extraterrestrials?

Ancient astronaut theorists
say yes,

and believe that further proof
of an extraterrestrial presence

here on Earth can be found

within humanity itself.

WILLIAM HENRY: Do we carry
their genetic makeup within us?

MARTELL: We see these
genetic anomalies surface

in physical form, and it could
be a lost extraterrestrial gene.

(growls)

NARRATOR:
Houston, Texas.

2010.

Doctors at
the Texas Heart Institute

examine a 59‐year‐old man

complaining of chest pains

and make
an astounding discovery:

The patient has
a three‐chambered heart,

similar to that of a reptile.

Researchers attributed
the rare condition

to an evolutionary phenomenon

called atavism,

when a lost trait
of a distant ancestor

reemerges in a modern organism.

GAGE CRUMP: So the idea is,
if you look at where

we evolve from,
we were first fish.

Fish have a two‐chambered heart.

And then we came on land‐‐
we're more like a reptile.

That has
a three‐chambered heart.

And then eventually
a four‐chambered heart

as we became mammals
and then humans.

So interestingly,
during development,

that same sequence of evolution

is played out again as embryos.

So if there's any sort of defect
in the embryo along the way,

it could get stalled out
at that earlier state.

And now this man has a heart
that's more typical

of our distant ancestors,

‐the reptiles.
‐(growls)

NARRATOR:
While the discovery of a human

with a reptilian heart
is incredibly rare,

other genetic conditions
have been found

that suggest a link
with reptiles.

Since the 1800s,

over 100 cases of human tails

have been reported
in medical journals.

People with
the disease ichthyosis

have dry, scaly skin.

And people with the diseases
called syndactyly

and ectrodactyly

have fused fingers

and clawlike hands.

But if such
anatomical irregularities

are a link
to our ancient ancestors,

as some scientists suggest,

could it be that they are not
the remnants

of a reptilian stage
in human development,

but instead reveal that humans

once comingled
with reptilian aliens?

Ancient astronaut theorists
say yes,

and believe that
further clues can be found

in the stories of China's
first emperor, Fu Xi.

Fu Xi is one of the mythical
rulers of China,

and he is considered to be,
uh, the original

or prototypical man.

He was created
along with his sister Nu Wa.

They were humanoid in form,

in the sense that their upper
bodies were that of humans,

but their lower bodies
were that of snakes.

And they're often represented
with snake tails

intertwined together.

NARRATOR: Similar stories
of reptilian humanoid beings

exist in cultures
around the ancient world,

including Japan, Greece

and South America.

CHILDRESS: We even have good
drawings and reliefs

of many of these
fantastic creatures.

And so is it possible
that some of these creatures

really are aliens
that look like that?

And it seems like,
in some cases,

that is probably the case.

NARRATOR: Other unusual
anomalies also appear

to mirror the descriptions
of divine beings

from ancient texts.

Millions of infants are born
with blue patches of skin

called Mongolian spots,

evoking the blue‐skinned gods

common to India and Egypt.

There have also been
many cases of gigantism

throughout history,

bringing to mind biblical
stories of the Nephilim‐‐

giants that were said to be
the hybrid offspring

of humans and divine beings

called the Watchers.

Within us is the whole
evolutionary development

of humankind, as well as
the other species

that humans developed from‐‐

reptiles, fish and so forth.

Extrapolating this idea,
if extraterrestrials had a hand

in retooling our DNA,

then do we also carry
their genetic makeup

within us, as we would?

MARTELL: We know today
that our DNA contains a lot

of junk DNA
that we still don't understand.

So when we see these genetic
anomalies surface

in physical form in children,

it could be that
it's not an anomaly.

It's actually a lost
extraterrestrial gene,

a marker that's now resurfacing
at the right time.

NARRATOR: Like the Neanderthals,
did extraterrestrials

breed with early man
thousands of years ago?

Did they leave behind
genetic evidence in our DNA

that still exists today?

Ancient astronaut theorists
say yes,

and suggest that Earth
may at one time have been home

to not one alien race, but many.

NICK REDFERN:
It was this huge figure

and was emitting
flashes of light.

TSOUKALOS: One has to wonder
if these gods‐‐

if they're actually rooted

in some type of reality.

NARRATOR:
West Virginia.

September 1952.

Multiple witnesses report

seeing a strange ball of light
shooting across the night sky

and landing
in a nearby wooded area.

Those who investigate
the crash site

describe seeing a ten‐foot‐tall

birdlike creature
with glowing red eyes.

REDFERN: It was this huge,
humanoid‐type figure

anywhere from about ten feet
to 12 feet high,

had these fiery, blazing eyes

and was emitting these sparks

and flashes of light.

It was described as having
a cowl‐like head,

not unlike an ace of spades card
in a deck of cards.

The entire group was unanimous

in their belief that the object
or the creature

was utterly real,

that it was connected with the
overflight of the strange light

and it was also connected

with this red pulsating light
that they saw.

NARRATOR: Curiously,
Native American mythology

also describes a similar
half‐bird, half‐human creature

that shared the planet with
mankind thousands of years ago.

YOUNG: The Apache had a demonic
figure in their mythology,

the giant owl man,

who could petrify you
through its gaze.

It was truly
a terrifying presence

that could come at any time

and particularly
in the night sky, when owls fly.

TOK THOMPSON:
This is a pretty common theme

in a lot
of Native American mythology,

that there was a time
in the past

when the Earth was overrun
by pretty scary monsters

of various forms.

And the big owl‐‐
or the owl man‐‐

is one of these sort
of representatives.

(tribal chanting)

NARRATOR:
Might the stories of owl men

and other strange creatures
describe beings

that the Native Americans
actually encountered?

Ancient astronaut theorists
say yes

and point to similar creation
myths from across the world

of gods that resemble
not just anthropomorphic birds

but also reptiles,

insects

and sea creatures.

TSOUKALOS:
All around the world,

we have figurines and carvings
and paintings,

rock paintings
of these very bizarre creatures

that can be found not only
on every continent,

but once you compare them,

they're also incredibly similar.

So one has to wonder

if these figurines
and these statues

of these different depictions

of what they referred to
as the gods,

if they're actually rooted
in some type of reality.

NARRATOR: Did our ancestors
really encounter

these intelligent life‐forms
thousands of years ago?

And if so, just what were they?

Cambridge, Massachusetts.

February 2013.

Analyzing data gathered by
NASA's Kepler space telescope,

astronomers at
the Harvard‐Smithsonian Center

for Astrophysics announce

that six percent
of all red dwarf stars

have habitable,
Earth‐like planets.

Because red dwarf stars
burn much longer than our sun,

the discovery raises
the possibility

that life on these planets
could be much older

and much different
than life on Earth.

The environment plays
a‐a really pivotal role

in sort of the direction, um,
that organisms evolve.

And so you can imagine
that evolution

played out on a different planet

might follow
the same types of rules

but have completely different
end products,

and so it'd look
completely different.

WARD: Just go to any other star
with planets around it.

Intelligence is going to happen
because of crises.

It's going to happen
because you can only survive

with that intelligence.

But it could be from a reptile,

that we were reptile‐equivalent.

It could be from a quadruped.

It might be from
a mollusk‐like creature.

The cause is probably
gonna be the same.

The end result, anatomically,
totally different.

HENRY: There could be
a myriad of different forms

that intelligent life takes
throughout the cosmos.

When we look to the earthly
record of otherworldly beings

that have visited Earth,

they exhibit
different characteristics.

They have bird heads, dog heads,
reptilian‐type forms.

It's possible that these are
the forms that these beings take

on their home planet,

and they might even coexist
with beings

that are even different
from them.

NARRATOR: Is it possible
that, like the Neanderthals,

Denisovans and floresiensis

that existed alongside humans
here on Earth,

there are similar
intelligent beings

that evolved differently from us

on planets
all across the universe?

And if many such species
do exist,

might Earth have been visited

by more than just one race
of aliens?

Ancient astronaut theorists
believe

that the answers lie not only
in stories of divine beings

from the past
but in sightings that continue

to this very day.

GEORGE NOORY: I think
there are all kinds of creatures

in this universe.

WILCOCK:
There is a one‐to‐one

correlation between

modern sightings and the gods.

They never really left.

NARRATOR:
Fort McDowell, Arizona.

February 2015.

Thousands flock
to this small desert community

20 miles outside of Phoenix

to attend the annual
International UFO Congress.

Many attendees and speakers

share stories
of being abducted by aliens,

and their accounts describe
extraterrestrials

that take a variety
of physical forms.

Within the field of ufology,

there are multiple types
of aliens reported.

This includes winged humanoids.

Like Mothman,

the Houston Batman.

It also includes
so‐called insectoids, which...

as their names suggest,
they look like large insects.

And then we have the reptilians,

bipedal reptile‐type creatures.

I think it's highly possible
that they've adapted

and developed physically
in those fashions

in relation to the conditions

on their relative home planets.

I think there are all kinds
of creatures with intelligence

in this universe
that would shock us.

I think your environment
determines

what you're going to end up
looking like eventually.

I think, after time,

that complexity
of who you are physically

adapts to what that planet is.

WILCOCK: If you look at some
of the Sumerian illustrations,

you see an avian bird head

on top of a very strong
human body.

You look
on the Egyptian paintings,

and you have a human
with an elongated skull

and very green skin.

And there is
a one‐to‐one correlation

between modern sightings
that people are reporting,

both from
abduction contact experiences,

as well as what we hear
from insider testimony,

and what we see
in the most ancient records

of contact with the gods.

It's the same people.

They never really left.

NARRATOR:
Could there be a connection

between the strange‐looking gods

depicted
by ancient civilizations

and these present‐day encounters
with extraterrestrials?

Are we, in fact,
seeing similar beings

to the ones described
by our ancestors

thousands of years ago?

Despite the many different kinds
of aliens reported,

there are certain
distinct similarities

within such sightings.

MUFON, the Mutual UFO Network,

is one of the longest‐lasting,
most respected

UFO research groups
in the world.

MUFON's studies

of UFO landings
and humanoid cases

has shown that most UFO events
involving entities

revolve around sightings
of creatures that are humanoid,

that's to say two arms,
two legs,

a body and a head.

CHILDRESS: When we look at all
of the different reports

of extraterrestrials
coming here to Earth,

and they're all generally

humanoid in form.

And it would seem
that the human form

is very much a universal form.

NARRATOR: If intelligent life
would evolve much differently

on other planets,

as mainstream science suggests,

then why would so many people

describe encounters
with extraterrestrials

that have human characteristics?

REDFERN: There may well
have been some original

proto‐alien civilization
that seeded the universe.

Over time, the image
of creatures with two arms,

two legs, a torso and a head,
two eyes and a mouth

pretty much rules throughout
the entire spectrum

of UFO activity and sightings.

TSOUKALOS: Now, that would imply
that our lineage

is something that is bipedal.

Whether a creature walks upright

with the face of an insect

or the face of a human
doesn't really matter.

You still have
a two‐legged creature

that originated somewhere.

Given the number
of humanoid‐appearing gods,

it suggests that there
is a common ancestor

for all intelligent life
in the universe

and perhaps we're
on the verge of rediscovering

that common ancestor.

NARRATOR:
Could there be one common source

for all intelligent life
in the universe?

A primordial species
that seeded different planets

with beings
similar to ourselves?

Ancient astronaut theorists
believe

the ultimate truth
about mankind's origins

might be found by examining

not only our past

but also our future.

NARRATOR:
June 2013.

In an article for Forbes,

graphic artist
and researcher Nickolay Lamm

illustrates just how
the human face might change

over the next 100,000 years.

With the help
of a computational biologist

and taking into account

future technological,
environmental

and genetic influences,

he came up with eerie renderings

that show an increasingly
large cranium

with a pronounced forehead,

huge eyes

and more pigmented skin tone.

As far as the future,
it's‐it's always really hard

to predict, uh, especially in
terms of Homo sapiens sapiens,

because we've been
so good at, uh,

modifying our environment
through our technology.

So if you try to think about
what we might look like

in the future,
again, it's a bit hard,

because we don't
exactly know, uh,

what these
environmental pressures

may be on us right now.

NARRATOR:
While Lamm's work was dismissed

by some scientists
as conjecture,

anthropologists
have found that humanity

has changed greatly

over the past 200,000 years.

Homo sapiens have developed
more delicate skeletons,

smaller faces

and more pointed chins.

And recent studies have shown

the human body
is still undergoing

significant changes.

LEONARD: So over the last
40,000 to 50,000 years,

tooth sizes have reduced
very, very dramatically.

And this is largely
the product of expansion

of both cooking and ultimately

the development of pottery.

These cultural innovations
for changing

what we eat and how we eat

led to dramatic declines

in how large our jaws were

and ultimately

what our tooth sizes look like.

The future direction of human
evolution is difficult to chart,

but certainly we would think

that some continued expansion
of brain size

may be something
that we're gonna continue to see

as we move forward
in human evolution.

NARRATOR:
In 2012, scientists

from the University of Tennessee

announced findings that show
that human skull size

has also increased dramatically

just since the late 1800s.

What they found
is totally amazing.

The average height of the skull

increased by an astonishing
eight millimeters,

or almost . 3 inches.

The actual increase
in brain volume

caused by this height change

is 200 cubic centimeters,

which is the size
of a tennis ball.

Our jaws are becoming

longer and narrower,

and the size of the head
is becoming bigger.

Well, it starts to sound
pretty familiar, doesn't it?

NARRATOR: Ancient astronaut
theorists speculate

that extended space travel
may also lead us

to appear more like the Greys

in the distant future.

Some have suggested
that the reason why the Greys

have these what appear
to be atrophied bodies

is because that over time

their bodies changed.

They, too, at some point,
had larger muscles,

but because
they became space travelers

their muscles atrophied.

When you go to space,
you don't have that pressure

pushing down on you,
so those muscles aren't used,

and so you lose muscle
very rapidly.

Also associated with that‐‐
your bones

begin to atrophy.

We're talking about
longer and longer missions

out into space,
going to Mars, going farther.

And so astronauts will be
subjected to these stresses

for a long period of time.

CHILDRESS: Is it possible
that the Grey aliens

at one time looked more like us

when they were planet bound?

And so we're on that same track.

And we are becoming
more and more

like these Grey aliens
themselves.

Our lineage has come about
due to other extraterrestrials

that are similar to us.

Perhaps the lineage
began elsewhere

millions and millions
of years ago.

NARRATOR: Are humans‐‐
and perhaps even other

extraterrestrial races
that our ancestors encountered‐‐

descendants of the Greys?

Did these otherworldly travelers

generate intelligent life

not only here on Earth,
but throughout the universe?

And might the course
of human evolution

lead us to become
more and more like them?

Perhaps we will discover

that our true destiny
is to continue their mission

and one day join
our alien ancestors

in the stars.

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