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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:30,720 [Music] 2 00:00:27,599 --> 00:00:32,800 vermeer is the ultimate enigma 3 00:00:30,720 --> 00:00:35,280 he created some of the world's most 4 00:00:32,800 --> 00:00:36,960 treasured paintings including the girl 5 00:00:35,280 --> 00:00:39,680 with a pearl earring 6 00:00:36,960 --> 00:00:41,920 but we know very little about him 7 00:00:39,680 --> 00:00:45,280 in fact for two centuries his 8 00:00:41,920 --> 00:00:47,360 masterpieces were largely forgotten 9 00:00:45,280 --> 00:00:50,000 but an intrepid french explorer in the 10 00:00:47,360 --> 00:00:52,079 19th century managed to hunt them down 11 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:55,120 in hidden locations where they'd been 12 00:00:52,079 --> 00:00:56,960 scattered across europe 13 00:00:55,120 --> 00:00:59,600 you don't hear people making these 14 00:00:56,960 --> 00:01:03,120 pilgrimages for most artists and what is 15 00:00:59,600 --> 00:01:04,320 it about vermeer that encourages this 16 00:01:03,120 --> 00:01:07,119 need 17 00:01:04,320 --> 00:01:10,159 slowly but surely vermeer came to be 18 00:01:07,119 --> 00:01:11,280 appreciated for the artistic genius that 19 00:01:10,159 --> 00:01:13,760 he was 20 00:01:11,280 --> 00:01:16,240 for me is one of the most enigmatic 21 00:01:13,760 --> 00:01:18,640 dutch artists of the 17th century once 22 00:01:16,240 --> 00:01:22,560 you see a vermeer you never forget it 23 00:01:18,640 --> 00:01:22,560 and you never forget where you saw it 24 00:01:22,640 --> 00:01:28,159 however the process of reclaiming his 25 00:01:25,040 --> 00:01:30,320 paintings has been fraught with peril 26 00:01:28,159 --> 00:01:33,280 one of the most successful forges of all 27 00:01:30,320 --> 00:01:35,680 time han van migran managed to fool the 28 00:01:33,280 --> 00:01:37,920 experts for years with his collection of 29 00:01:35,680 --> 00:01:40,799 fake vermeers 30 00:01:37,920 --> 00:01:42,880 his trial was a media sensation that 31 00:01:40,799 --> 00:01:44,880 rocked the art world 32 00:01:42,880 --> 00:01:47,360 it seems astonishing to us now that we 33 00:01:44,880 --> 00:01:50,079 were fooled by the van maker and fakes 34 00:01:47,360 --> 00:01:52,000 it's wishful thinking you really want a 35 00:01:50,079 --> 00:01:53,920 painting to be vermeer if you just want 36 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:56,159 it you know it will be he was just a 37 00:01:53,920 --> 00:01:57,920 brilliant psychologist and he understood 38 00:01:56,159 --> 00:01:59,439 that scholars would think 39 00:01:57,920 --> 00:02:02,240 we've always been expecting to find 40 00:01:59,439 --> 00:02:04,320 these and here they are 41 00:02:02,240 --> 00:02:06,880 there are very few genuine vermeers 42 00:02:04,320 --> 00:02:08,959 around and many have been lost to us 43 00:02:06,880 --> 00:02:11,599 once again being stolen by members of 44 00:02:08,959 --> 00:02:12,640 the ira and the boston mob 45 00:02:11,599 --> 00:02:14,800 it would appear that they were very 46 00:02:12,640 --> 00:02:17,280 selective in what they took 47 00:02:14,800 --> 00:02:18,879 even adolf hitler and hermann goering 48 00:02:17,280 --> 00:02:21,760 were looking to get their hands on 49 00:02:18,879 --> 00:02:24,400 vermeers by whatever means necessary 50 00:02:21,760 --> 00:02:27,120 hitler managed to get a hold of two 51 00:02:24,400 --> 00:02:28,400 goring was sold a fake made by van 52 00:02:27,120 --> 00:02:30,879 migran 53 00:02:28,400 --> 00:02:32,879 the forgeries have made life difficult 54 00:02:30,879 --> 00:02:34,239 when it comes to the work of the dutch 55 00:02:32,879 --> 00:02:36,800 master 56 00:02:34,239 --> 00:02:38,640 if you would discover a genuine vermeer 57 00:02:36,800 --> 00:02:40,400 it would make your day but you have to 58 00:02:38,640 --> 00:02:42,480 be really careful 59 00:02:40,400 --> 00:02:44,560 it's been an epic struggle to reclaim 60 00:02:42,480 --> 00:02:47,280 the works of johannes vermeer from their 61 00:02:44,560 --> 00:02:48,720 hidden locations and from the thieves 62 00:02:47,280 --> 00:02:51,400 that took them 63 00:02:48,720 --> 00:03:01,330 that struggle continues today 64 00:02:51,400 --> 00:03:01,330 [Music] 65 00:03:02,159 --> 00:03:07,760 at the end of world war ii joseph pillar 66 00:03:04,879 --> 00:03:10,400 a jewish resistance hero was tasked with 67 00:03:07,760 --> 00:03:12,959 hunting down ss and gestapo members 68 00:03:10,400 --> 00:03:15,200 after the liberation of the netherlands 69 00:03:12,959 --> 00:03:17,519 he also managed to track down han van 70 00:03:15,200 --> 00:03:19,920 migran a very wealthy resident of 71 00:03:17,519 --> 00:03:21,840 amsterdam who he discovered had been 72 00:03:19,920 --> 00:03:23,760 behind the sales of many recently 73 00:03:21,840 --> 00:03:25,920 rediscovered vermeers 74 00:03:23,760 --> 00:03:28,640 but one of those sales had been made to 75 00:03:25,920 --> 00:03:33,560 the nazi leader hermann goering and van 76 00:03:28,640 --> 00:03:33,560 migran was accused of collaboration 77 00:03:34,400 --> 00:03:38,560 we're going to answer the question mr 78 00:03:35,840 --> 00:03:38,560 vanmigren 79 00:03:42,959 --> 00:03:50,480 my father told me 80 00:03:46,640 --> 00:03:53,920 i would never amount to anything 81 00:03:50,480 --> 00:03:53,920 he didn't approve of your career 82 00:03:55,599 --> 00:04:01,319 i know nothing 83 00:03:57,680 --> 00:04:01,319 he used to say 84 00:04:01,439 --> 00:04:06,640 incapable of nothing 85 00:04:04,159 --> 00:04:10,640 well he was wrong wasn't he 86 00:04:06,640 --> 00:04:14,040 man doesn't acquire 50 houses 52 87 00:04:10,640 --> 00:04:14,040 yes 52. 88 00:04:14,959 --> 00:04:21,120 you had to be clever to do what you did 89 00:04:18,799 --> 00:04:21,120 yes 90 00:04:21,840 --> 00:04:28,759 where did they come from mr van meegeren 91 00:04:24,880 --> 00:04:28,759 where did you find the vermeers 92 00:04:34,639 --> 00:04:39,040 but what pillar didn't know was that van 93 00:04:36,880 --> 00:04:43,840 migran was one of the most successful 94 00:04:39,040 --> 00:04:43,840 art forgers of all time 95 00:04:46,250 --> 00:04:52,320 [Music] 96 00:04:49,840 --> 00:04:54,479 just like johannes vermeer himself van 97 00:04:52,320 --> 00:04:57,120 migrant lived and worked in the city of 98 00:04:54,479 --> 00:04:59,440 delft and was also an artist 99 00:04:57,120 --> 00:05:00,479 but he was chastised by art critics at 100 00:04:59,440 --> 00:05:02,160 the time 101 00:05:00,479 --> 00:05:04,639 they said his style was just an 102 00:05:02,160 --> 00:05:07,120 imitation of the old masters 103 00:05:04,639 --> 00:05:08,960 van migrant decided to retaliate by 104 00:05:07,120 --> 00:05:11,360 proving that he could imitate them so 105 00:05:08,960 --> 00:05:13,680 accurately that even the experts would 106 00:05:11,360 --> 00:05:16,400 be fooled 107 00:05:13,680 --> 00:05:19,039 i think he had two motives one was 108 00:05:16,400 --> 00:05:21,600 obviously money it was a way of earning 109 00:05:19,039 --> 00:05:23,759 some money by making these fakes but i 110 00:05:21,600 --> 00:05:26,800 also think he wanted to get his own back 111 00:05:23,759 --> 00:05:27,759 on the art world they didn't like his 112 00:05:26,800 --> 00:05:29,280 art 113 00:05:27,759 --> 00:05:31,759 so he thought he would do something to 114 00:05:29,280 --> 00:05:34,240 get his own back on the critics famigon 115 00:05:31,759 --> 00:05:36,320 was a dutch delft architect 116 00:05:34,240 --> 00:05:38,720 who has some made some buildings in 117 00:05:36,320 --> 00:05:41,440 daltonsville so around the delft you 118 00:05:38,720 --> 00:05:42,720 will find some real vomitings there are 119 00:05:41,440 --> 00:05:45,039 buildings 120 00:05:42,720 --> 00:05:47,680 alongside canals vamp discovered he 121 00:05:45,039 --> 00:05:50,880 could make wonderful vermeers with the 122 00:05:47,680 --> 00:05:53,199 kind of paint vermeer used in his time 123 00:05:50,880 --> 00:05:55,520 and people from that area liked it very 124 00:05:53,199 --> 00:05:57,759 much and thought the possibility to to 125 00:05:55,520 --> 00:06:00,240 own a real vermeer 126 00:05:57,759 --> 00:06:02,319 han van migran made forgeries of other 127 00:06:00,240 --> 00:06:04,880 artists but it was the fact that 128 00:06:02,319 --> 00:06:09,759 johannes vermeer was such a mystery that 129 00:06:04,880 --> 00:06:09,759 allowed these fakes to be so successful 130 00:06:11,680 --> 00:06:16,160 johannes vermeer was born in delft in 131 00:06:14,319 --> 00:06:18,560 1632 132 00:06:16,160 --> 00:06:20,479 exactly 300 years before van migrant 133 00:06:18,560 --> 00:06:22,240 started his fakes 134 00:06:20,479 --> 00:06:24,160 he joined the artistic guild of saint 135 00:06:22,240 --> 00:06:26,400 luke and may have been taught by another 136 00:06:24,160 --> 00:06:28,319 celebrated artist who worked in delft 137 00:06:26,400 --> 00:06:30,319 carol fabricious 138 00:06:28,319 --> 00:06:32,720 fabricious was rembrandt's greatest 139 00:06:30,319 --> 00:06:35,440 pupil but was tragically killed at the 140 00:06:32,720 --> 00:06:37,840 age of 32 when a gunpowder store 141 00:06:35,440 --> 00:06:38,960 exploded in delft destroying much of the 142 00:06:37,840 --> 00:06:41,199 city 143 00:06:38,960 --> 00:06:42,960 the event became known as the delft 144 00:06:41,199 --> 00:06:45,280 thunderclap 145 00:06:42,960 --> 00:06:47,199 vermeer survived the gunpowder explosion 146 00:06:45,280 --> 00:06:49,840 and started working on his paintings 147 00:06:47,199 --> 00:06:52,880 including a view of delft made six years 148 00:06:49,840 --> 00:06:52,880 after the tragedy 149 00:06:54,080 --> 00:06:58,080 we know very little about his life and 150 00:06:56,560 --> 00:07:00,960 he actually ran 151 00:06:58,080 --> 00:07:03,680 an inn or tavern in the town of delft 152 00:07:00,960 --> 00:07:06,479 outside the hague the city of delft in 153 00:07:03,680 --> 00:07:09,039 the 17th century was very rich we did 154 00:07:06,479 --> 00:07:11,360 business all over the world wonderful 155 00:07:09,039 --> 00:07:13,759 buildings already stoned but also very a 156 00:07:11,360 --> 00:07:15,840 lot of a lot of wooden houses he was a 157 00:07:13,759 --> 00:07:17,919 dutch golden age painter that great 158 00:07:15,840 --> 00:07:19,280 flowering of you know the dutch republic 159 00:07:17,919 --> 00:07:22,240 we think for me it was in the middle 160 00:07:19,280 --> 00:07:24,880 class of people his mother-in-law was 161 00:07:22,240 --> 00:07:26,720 very rich of course his father had to uh 162 00:07:24,880 --> 00:07:28,880 to ends it was time to say he suffered 163 00:07:26,720 --> 00:07:31,520 from his father who um 164 00:07:28,880 --> 00:07:32,880 had been a cloth worker and dealer and 165 00:07:31,520 --> 00:07:34,319 became a tavern keeper and killed a 166 00:07:32,880 --> 00:07:35,599 soldier and was generally sounds like a 167 00:07:34,319 --> 00:07:38,639 rogue 168 00:07:35,599 --> 00:07:40,639 um married a catholic had 15 children 11 169 00:07:38,639 --> 00:07:41,919 of which survived 170 00:07:40,639 --> 00:07:43,759 one imagines his life didn't look 171 00:07:41,919 --> 00:07:44,800 anything like a vermeer maybe that was 172 00:07:43,759 --> 00:07:46,400 the point 173 00:07:44,800 --> 00:07:48,479 we have no definitive pictures of 174 00:07:46,400 --> 00:07:50,160 johannes vermeer but it's believed by 175 00:07:48,479 --> 00:07:52,800 scholars that he may have painted 176 00:07:50,160 --> 00:07:54,240 himself into one of his early works 177 00:07:52,800 --> 00:07:55,599 the procureus 178 00:07:54,240 --> 00:07:57,919 it's a genre scene where you have a 179 00:07:55,599 --> 00:08:00,160 figure in the background and he looks 180 00:07:57,919 --> 00:08:01,360 like a painter and you know he may be 181 00:08:00,160 --> 00:08:03,360 vermeer 182 00:08:01,360 --> 00:08:04,080 i i like to think it is familiar but you 183 00:08:03,360 --> 00:08:05,919 know 184 00:08:04,080 --> 00:08:08,160 we don't know that for sure 185 00:08:05,919 --> 00:08:10,479 vermeer may also have painted himself 186 00:08:08,160 --> 00:08:12,960 into one of his later works the art of 187 00:08:10,479 --> 00:08:14,879 painting he had other jobs so you know 188 00:08:12,960 --> 00:08:18,000 he earned his money as a painter but he 189 00:08:14,879 --> 00:08:20,960 had an inn and he dealt in art so he was 190 00:08:18,000 --> 00:08:22,240 an art dealer he had 11 children with 191 00:08:20,960 --> 00:08:24,960 his wife 192 00:08:22,240 --> 00:08:26,560 he was also an innkeeper he had 193 00:08:24,960 --> 00:08:28,800 the two ins of his father 194 00:08:26,560 --> 00:08:30,560 he was a seller of antiques and that 195 00:08:28,800 --> 00:08:32,080 that kind of things and oh he was 196 00:08:30,560 --> 00:08:33,760 painter as well how the poor man find 197 00:08:32,080 --> 00:08:36,399 time to paint at all is 198 00:08:33,760 --> 00:08:38,560 a miracle some very successful artists 199 00:08:36,399 --> 00:08:40,719 like rembrandt had a studio and employed 200 00:08:38,560 --> 00:08:43,519 a lot of assistance who would work 201 00:08:40,719 --> 00:08:46,160 doing some menial tasks but vermeer 202 00:08:43,519 --> 00:08:47,519 seems to have worked just by himself and 203 00:08:46,160 --> 00:08:49,440 that's probably a reflection of both of 204 00:08:47,519 --> 00:08:51,519 the way he wanted to work and the fact 205 00:08:49,440 --> 00:08:54,160 that he didn't earn very much money you 206 00:08:51,519 --> 00:08:56,880 know there's a great idea that great 207 00:08:54,160 --> 00:08:59,040 suffering makes great art 208 00:08:56,880 --> 00:09:01,680 vermeer's unique way of working and the 209 00:08:59,040 --> 00:09:03,760 materials he used seem to explain why 210 00:09:01,680 --> 00:09:06,560 there are so precious few examples of 211 00:09:03,760 --> 00:09:08,080 his paintings in the world today 212 00:09:06,560 --> 00:09:10,560 i think it's a combination of two 213 00:09:08,080 --> 00:09:12,959 reasons why we have such a very small 214 00:09:10,560 --> 00:09:14,560 output one is that we simply don't have 215 00:09:12,959 --> 00:09:15,760 the paintings that they were lost 216 00:09:14,560 --> 00:09:18,160 because of course 217 00:09:15,760 --> 00:09:20,480 a lot of pictures do get lost and some 218 00:09:18,160 --> 00:09:22,800 of his must have done the other thing is 219 00:09:20,480 --> 00:09:24,959 he probably did work very slowly i mean 220 00:09:22,800 --> 00:09:27,120 they're very meticulously and carefully 221 00:09:24,959 --> 00:09:29,760 painted he painted using lapis lazuli 222 00:09:27,120 --> 00:09:31,279 quite quite a lot and he painted 223 00:09:29,760 --> 00:09:35,440 gem-like pictures that were made out of 224 00:09:31,279 --> 00:09:38,800 gems often vermeer used very expensive 225 00:09:35,440 --> 00:09:40,800 colors the stone lab is lazuli in those 226 00:09:38,800 --> 00:09:43,519 years it was very expensive because he 227 00:09:40,800 --> 00:09:46,080 produced so little he probably didn't 228 00:09:43,519 --> 00:09:48,000 earn a great deal and there were also 229 00:09:46,080 --> 00:09:51,680 economic problems in the netherlands at 230 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:54,320 the time and when he died he was in debt 231 00:09:51,680 --> 00:09:55,760 vermeer died in delft at the age of just 232 00:09:54,320 --> 00:09:57,839 43. 233 00:09:55,760 --> 00:10:00,240 his reputation as an artist did not 234 00:09:57,839 --> 00:10:03,120 extend much beyond his hometown and his 235 00:10:00,240 --> 00:10:05,360 name faded into obscurity very quickly 236 00:10:03,120 --> 00:10:07,360 along with his paintings 237 00:10:05,360 --> 00:10:09,200 it was not until almost two centuries 238 00:10:07,360 --> 00:10:11,360 later that he finally got the 239 00:10:09,200 --> 00:10:14,079 recognition that he deserved when a 240 00:10:11,360 --> 00:10:17,230 french exile made it his mission to 241 00:10:14,079 --> 00:10:24,320 bring vermeer to the world 242 00:10:17,230 --> 00:10:26,480 [Music] 243 00:10:24,320 --> 00:10:28,880 johannes vermeer lived and painted in 244 00:10:26,480 --> 00:10:30,880 the city of delft near the hague 245 00:10:28,880 --> 00:10:33,440 but his reputation as an artist didn't 246 00:10:30,880 --> 00:10:36,000 extend much beyond the city he worked in 247 00:10:33,440 --> 00:10:38,079 and when he died at the age of 43 it 248 00:10:36,000 --> 00:10:40,079 seemed vermeer had missed his chance to 249 00:10:38,079 --> 00:10:42,640 be considered one of history's greatest 250 00:10:40,079 --> 00:10:42,640 artists 251 00:10:42,720 --> 00:10:46,320 i don't imagine that his pictures so 252 00:10:44,959 --> 00:10:48,079 for much and there weren't very many of 253 00:10:46,320 --> 00:10:49,600 them if you're painting probably two 254 00:10:48,079 --> 00:10:51,600 pictures a year 255 00:10:49,600 --> 00:10:53,920 that's not like being picasso in those 256 00:10:51,600 --> 00:10:56,399 times rembrandts and and some other 257 00:10:53,920 --> 00:10:58,320 painters also on delft from mirvelt and 258 00:10:56,399 --> 00:11:00,720 peter hall for instance 259 00:10:58,320 --> 00:11:03,440 sold a lot more paintings to other 260 00:11:00,720 --> 00:11:05,839 people than vermeer did the volume of 261 00:11:03,440 --> 00:11:08,000 the work available is a key component in 262 00:11:05,839 --> 00:11:10,640 this even accounting for ones that may 263 00:11:08,000 --> 00:11:12,880 have been lost or destroyed even it's 264 00:11:10,640 --> 00:11:14,640 still a relatively small 265 00:11:12,880 --> 00:11:16,959 output for someone who was an artist for 266 00:11:14,640 --> 00:11:19,920 over 20 years in those years it was not 267 00:11:16,959 --> 00:11:22,320 very common to like a vermeer the prices 268 00:11:19,920 --> 00:11:24,640 which were paid on the selling in 269 00:11:22,320 --> 00:11:26,480 amsterdam were also not so very high for 270 00:11:24,640 --> 00:11:28,880 instance there were no paintings by 271 00:11:26,480 --> 00:11:30,959 vermeer in french public collections i 272 00:11:28,880 --> 00:11:33,200 think the vermeer in the mouths house 273 00:11:30,959 --> 00:11:35,440 was the first vermeer to enter a public 274 00:11:33,200 --> 00:11:36,959 collection in the netherlands so if you 275 00:11:35,440 --> 00:11:39,200 have these paintings in private 276 00:11:36,959 --> 00:11:41,360 collections if you had good contacts you 277 00:11:39,200 --> 00:11:42,399 could go there but it's different from a 278 00:11:41,360 --> 00:11:44,320 museum 279 00:11:42,399 --> 00:11:46,800 there were a few collectors of his work 280 00:11:44,320 --> 00:11:49,839 and they were saved by them often they 281 00:11:46,800 --> 00:11:52,399 were later attributed to other artists 282 00:11:49,839 --> 00:11:54,160 not to vermeer and then vermeer was 283 00:11:52,399 --> 00:11:57,839 rediscovered 284 00:11:54,160 --> 00:11:57,839 in the 19th century 285 00:11:58,399 --> 00:12:03,600 vermeer's rediscovery was due to a 286 00:12:00,639 --> 00:12:05,600 french exile named tayofield torreira 287 00:12:03,600 --> 00:12:06,959 who found himself captivated by the 288 00:12:05,600 --> 00:12:09,519 paintings 289 00:12:06,959 --> 00:12:12,399 toray made it his life's work to track 290 00:12:09,519 --> 00:12:14,079 down as many vermeers as he could 291 00:12:12,399 --> 00:12:16,160 it wasn't going to be an easy task 292 00:12:14,079 --> 00:12:18,160 though after vermeer's death his 293 00:12:16,160 --> 00:12:20,639 paintings had scattered across europe 294 00:12:18,160 --> 00:12:22,639 and were often incorrectly listed as the 295 00:12:20,639 --> 00:12:23,600 work of far better known artists at the 296 00:12:22,639 --> 00:12:25,839 time 297 00:12:23,600 --> 00:12:28,399 many of them would end up in royal 298 00:12:25,839 --> 00:12:28,399 possession 299 00:12:29,920 --> 00:12:35,920 in 1742 a girl reading a letter by an 300 00:12:33,279 --> 00:12:38,959 open window was acquired for augustus 301 00:12:35,920 --> 00:12:41,839 iii the king of poland with the belief 302 00:12:38,959 --> 00:12:44,240 that it was a painting by rembrandt 303 00:12:41,839 --> 00:12:47,360 the music lesson was also bought by a 304 00:12:44,240 --> 00:12:49,600 king in 1762 when it was purchased for 305 00:12:47,360 --> 00:12:51,120 king george the third of england 306 00:12:49,600 --> 00:12:53,440 it entered the royal collection at 307 00:12:51,120 --> 00:12:56,079 buckingham palace where it was listed as 308 00:12:53,440 --> 00:12:58,880 being by franz van meeres 309 00:12:56,079 --> 00:13:01,360 in 1802 the guitar player became the 310 00:12:58,880 --> 00:13:03,120 property of lord palmerston who would go 311 00:13:01,360 --> 00:13:05,120 on to become prime minister of the 312 00:13:03,120 --> 00:13:07,360 united kingdom 313 00:13:05,120 --> 00:13:09,279 the art of painting vermeer's most 314 00:13:07,360 --> 00:13:11,600 treasured item that he always kept in 315 00:13:09,279 --> 00:13:13,760 his possession would end up being listed 316 00:13:11,600 --> 00:13:15,839 as a work by peter the hook 317 00:13:13,760 --> 00:13:18,000 it traveled to vienna where it became 318 00:13:15,839 --> 00:13:18,839 part of the house of chernin collection 319 00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:22,000 in 320 00:13:18,839 --> 00:13:23,920 1813 the little street 321 00:13:22,000 --> 00:13:25,920 and the milkmaid stayed in the 322 00:13:23,920 --> 00:13:28,000 netherlands though when they entered the 323 00:13:25,920 --> 00:13:31,360 collection of the aristocratic dutch 324 00:13:28,000 --> 00:13:34,360 family the sixes at the house of six in 325 00:13:31,360 --> 00:13:34,360 amsterdam 326 00:13:43,680 --> 00:13:49,839 i had never heard the name before either 327 00:13:46,079 --> 00:13:49,839 but it was simply astonishing 328 00:13:50,079 --> 00:13:55,120 the first one i saw was at the hague 329 00:13:53,360 --> 00:13:58,160 the brilliance of the light 330 00:13:55,120 --> 00:14:00,720 the intensity of the color both real 331 00:13:58,160 --> 00:14:04,399 and utterly original 332 00:14:00,720 --> 00:14:04,399 i had to know who painted it 333 00:14:04,959 --> 00:14:09,600 he went to the margaret's house in the 334 00:14:07,519 --> 00:14:14,079 hague in 1842 335 00:14:09,600 --> 00:14:16,480 saw this huge panorama on delft and well 336 00:14:14,079 --> 00:14:18,880 he was blown away immediately by this 337 00:14:16,480 --> 00:14:21,440 incredible painting the view of delft is 338 00:14:18,880 --> 00:14:23,680 an amazing picture very beautifully 339 00:14:21,440 --> 00:14:25,279 painted i can see that it was a 340 00:14:23,680 --> 00:14:26,480 landscape which would certainly have 341 00:14:25,279 --> 00:14:29,199 appealed 342 00:14:26,480 --> 00:14:31,760 to people in the 19th century 343 00:14:29,199 --> 00:14:33,120 i searched every gallery in holland i 344 00:14:31,760 --> 00:14:35,680 knew everyone 345 00:14:33,120 --> 00:14:38,959 i found two more in private collections 346 00:14:35,680 --> 00:14:43,600 again simply astounding work 347 00:14:38,959 --> 00:14:45,199 this was art concerned with the real 348 00:14:43,600 --> 00:14:48,160 servants at work 349 00:14:45,199 --> 00:14:51,680 the town where he lived unadorned 350 00:14:48,160 --> 00:14:53,760 this was art for man 351 00:14:51,680 --> 00:14:55,760 he traveled all over the place and 352 00:14:53,760 --> 00:14:58,480 discovered new paintings the only thing 353 00:14:55,760 --> 00:15:01,120 i can get to know is by reading what he 354 00:14:58,480 --> 00:15:04,000 left us and it's almost a diary of his 355 00:15:01,120 --> 00:15:06,560 travels he drew up a list of works which 356 00:15:04,000 --> 00:15:10,480 he felt were by vermeer and identified 357 00:15:06,560 --> 00:15:11,839 quite a lot of them for the first time 358 00:15:10,480 --> 00:15:13,760 we had wondered what you got up to 359 00:15:11,839 --> 00:15:17,600 during your time away 360 00:15:13,760 --> 00:15:17,600 a mistress or two my brother thought 361 00:15:19,120 --> 00:15:22,560 we never thought you'd fallen in love 362 00:15:23,519 --> 00:15:28,800 love is selfish isaac i could not keep 363 00:15:26,959 --> 00:15:30,639 vermeer to myself 364 00:15:28,800 --> 00:15:34,560 in fact 365 00:15:30,639 --> 00:15:34,560 that was the reason i asked you here 366 00:15:35,910 --> 00:15:39,920 [Music] 367 00:15:37,519 --> 00:15:42,240 isaac pereira was a wealthy parisian 368 00:15:39,920 --> 00:15:44,000 financier and art collector 369 00:15:42,240 --> 00:15:46,160 toray hoped that he could convince 370 00:15:44,000 --> 00:15:48,639 pereira to purchase one of the vermeers 371 00:15:46,160 --> 00:15:51,600 he'd found 372 00:15:48,639 --> 00:15:55,040 it was 1866 and torrey was publishing 373 00:15:51,600 --> 00:15:57,279 his findings in the gazette de bozar 374 00:15:55,040 --> 00:15:59,519 this was for him like the starting point 375 00:15:57,279 --> 00:16:01,440 for like you have a remnant research 376 00:15:59,519 --> 00:16:03,440 project he had a vermeer research 377 00:16:01,440 --> 00:16:05,519 project and i think it took him the rest 378 00:16:03,440 --> 00:16:08,720 of his life to to do this 379 00:16:05,519 --> 00:16:11,519 he wrote an article in the gazette 380 00:16:08,720 --> 00:16:14,720 which is a kind of groundbreaking 381 00:16:11,519 --> 00:16:16,399 essay on vermeer his earth 382 00:16:14,720 --> 00:16:18,880 and his life 383 00:16:16,399 --> 00:16:20,880 1866 is sort of the key date he was 384 00:16:18,880 --> 00:16:23,440 published in the gazette the bazaar 385 00:16:20,880 --> 00:16:26,160 which increased everyone's awareness 386 00:16:23,440 --> 00:16:28,959 of him as an artist of um and of his 387 00:16:26,160 --> 00:16:30,720 works he really writes everything how he 388 00:16:28,959 --> 00:16:33,360 went to the hague how he saw the 389 00:16:30,720 --> 00:16:35,759 painting how he had never heard of van 390 00:16:33,360 --> 00:16:37,839 der meer de delft 391 00:16:35,759 --> 00:16:40,480 torrey had actually bought several 392 00:16:37,839 --> 00:16:42,399 vermeers for himself during his travels 393 00:16:40,480 --> 00:16:44,639 but he was hoping that pereira would 394 00:16:42,399 --> 00:16:48,070 purchase the geographer to help 395 00:16:44,639 --> 00:16:51,120 establish vermeer's name 396 00:16:48,070 --> 00:16:53,600 [Music] 397 00:16:51,120 --> 00:16:57,440 a vermeer in your collection would 398 00:16:53,600 --> 00:16:57,440 transform the way people think of him 399 00:16:57,759 --> 00:17:02,320 see how the scholar grips the book as if 400 00:16:59,920 --> 00:17:05,039 caught in the very moment of inspiration 401 00:17:02,320 --> 00:17:08,559 he doesn't want to let it go 402 00:17:05,039 --> 00:17:10,640 and his understanding of light isaac 403 00:17:08,559 --> 00:17:11,600 it is a very fine piece 404 00:17:10,640 --> 00:17:14,079 this 405 00:17:11,600 --> 00:17:16,160 doesn't do it justice 406 00:17:14,079 --> 00:17:19,839 the scholar's cloak is blue 407 00:17:16,160 --> 00:17:19,839 but the deepest blue you could imagine 408 00:17:20,079 --> 00:17:24,079 you must have it 409 00:17:21,520 --> 00:17:24,079 you must 410 00:17:25,600 --> 00:17:28,160 i'm sorry 411 00:17:31,120 --> 00:17:35,280 pereira would soon be persuaded though 412 00:17:33,520 --> 00:17:37,200 and vermeers would quickly become a 413 00:17:35,280 --> 00:17:39,100 must-have item for the world's 414 00:17:37,200 --> 00:17:40,559 wealthiest collectors 415 00:17:39,100 --> 00:17:42,799 [Music] 416 00:17:40,559 --> 00:17:45,679 was a very well-known collector you have 417 00:17:42,799 --> 00:17:48,880 the publication in the gazette de bozar 418 00:17:45,679 --> 00:17:51,360 so all the connoisseurs read that of 419 00:17:48,880 --> 00:17:53,600 course all the collectors read this and 420 00:17:51,360 --> 00:17:55,360 if there is a new discovery of a new 421 00:17:53,600 --> 00:17:57,360 name then of course everybody wants to 422 00:17:55,360 --> 00:18:01,400 own her vermeer and 423 00:17:57,360 --> 00:18:01,400 was no exception to that 424 00:18:01,440 --> 00:18:08,720 why don't you buy it yourself 425 00:18:04,559 --> 00:18:08,720 the old master has demanded much of me 426 00:18:10,160 --> 00:18:14,760 he needs new advocates now 427 00:18:15,520 --> 00:18:19,200 well he could have no finer ally 428 00:18:19,760 --> 00:18:25,120 and none more persuasive 429 00:18:22,790 --> 00:18:28,760 [Music] 430 00:18:25,120 --> 00:18:28,760 show it to me again 431 00:18:32,240 --> 00:18:37,039 it was thanks to tori that we really 432 00:18:35,039 --> 00:18:39,280 rediscovered vermeer and that sort of 433 00:18:37,039 --> 00:18:41,600 put him on the map if you like and then 434 00:18:39,280 --> 00:18:42,400 he became very collectible in the 20th 435 00:18:41,600 --> 00:18:44,000 century 436 00:18:42,400 --> 00:18:46,400 but of course at that time it was very 437 00:18:44,000 --> 00:18:48,799 hard to come by so these paintings were 438 00:18:46,400 --> 00:18:50,960 really expensive and we know that at 439 00:18:48,799 --> 00:18:54,160 that time even forgeries were made in 440 00:18:50,960 --> 00:18:54,160 the early 20th century 441 00:18:54,960 --> 00:19:00,160 forgeries had started to appear but real 442 00:18:57,520 --> 00:19:01,840 discoveries were still being made 443 00:19:00,160 --> 00:19:04,000 toray had identified many of the 444 00:19:01,840 --> 00:19:07,360 vermeers he found by the subtle and 445 00:19:04,000 --> 00:19:09,440 varying signatures that the artist used 446 00:19:07,360 --> 00:19:11,919 that signature was then found on two 447 00:19:09,440 --> 00:19:14,400 paintings in the early 20th century 448 00:19:11,919 --> 00:19:17,120 diana and her companions and christ in 449 00:19:14,400 --> 00:19:18,640 the house with mary and martha 450 00:19:17,120 --> 00:19:20,559 they were very different from most of 451 00:19:18,640 --> 00:19:22,799 his known works and if they didn't have 452 00:19:20,559 --> 00:19:26,400 signatures it's unlikely they would ever 453 00:19:22,799 --> 00:19:29,200 have been attributed to vermeer 454 00:19:26,400 --> 00:19:31,280 surprisingly vermeer's most famous work 455 00:19:29,200 --> 00:19:34,000 the girl with a pearl earring was not 456 00:19:31,280 --> 00:19:36,000 identified by torrey before he died in 457 00:19:34,000 --> 00:19:38,960 1869 458 00:19:36,000 --> 00:19:42,080 however it had not gone unnoticed by 459 00:19:38,960 --> 00:19:43,280 those who had seen it 460 00:19:42,080 --> 00:19:45,760 the girl of pearl earring is a 461 00:19:43,280 --> 00:19:48,320 fascinating story and as we know was was 462 00:19:45,760 --> 00:19:50,000 sold for like six gilders or something 463 00:19:48,320 --> 00:19:52,240 incredible 464 00:19:50,000 --> 00:19:54,320 actually it turns out it was more 465 00:19:52,240 --> 00:19:57,600 recognized at that time than you would 466 00:19:54,320 --> 00:20:00,799 think because it was from very early on 467 00:19:57,600 --> 00:20:02,240 really greatly admired by novelists 468 00:20:00,799 --> 00:20:04,000 these are actually novelists who are 469 00:20:02,240 --> 00:20:06,320 writing stories stories about traveling 470 00:20:04,000 --> 00:20:08,480 to the netherlands early on it was 471 00:20:06,320 --> 00:20:10,080 recognized and then slowly becomes 472 00:20:08,480 --> 00:20:12,400 written about among the art art 473 00:20:10,080 --> 00:20:14,240 historians of the world 474 00:20:12,400 --> 00:20:16,080 the art historians believed that there 475 00:20:14,240 --> 00:20:19,440 were still more vermeers to be found 476 00:20:16,080 --> 00:20:22,640 though especially from his early career 477 00:20:19,440 --> 00:20:25,600 and han van migran saw an opportunity 478 00:20:22,640 --> 00:20:27,600 his vermeer fakes made in the 1930s were 479 00:20:25,600 --> 00:20:29,520 hugely successful 480 00:20:27,600 --> 00:20:31,679 and his career as an art forger would 481 00:20:29,520 --> 00:20:36,000 have probably continued if he hadn't 482 00:20:31,679 --> 00:20:36,000 sold one of them to hermann goering 483 00:20:36,320 --> 00:20:42,080 sir 484 00:20:38,400 --> 00:20:42,080 going's mad he's been found 485 00:20:42,400 --> 00:20:47,400 has he talked yet i don't know sir 486 00:20:43,919 --> 00:20:47,400 that's all we have 487 00:20:47,700 --> 00:20:53,360 [Music] 488 00:20:50,799 --> 00:20:56,000 han van migran in a desperate attempt to 489 00:20:53,360 --> 00:20:58,720 save his own skin was about to send the 490 00:20:56,000 --> 00:21:00,320 art world into a panic when he revealed 491 00:20:58,720 --> 00:21:02,480 his deception 492 00:21:00,320 --> 00:21:04,880 he was put on trial where he had to 493 00:21:02,480 --> 00:21:07,520 prove himself guilty of forgery 494 00:21:04,880 --> 00:21:09,610 rather than face conviction of nazi 495 00:21:07,520 --> 00:21:18,880 collaboration 496 00:21:09,610 --> 00:21:21,360 [Music] 497 00:21:18,880 --> 00:21:23,360 when world war ii came to an end it was 498 00:21:21,360 --> 00:21:25,760 discovered that hitler had stashed away 499 00:21:23,360 --> 00:21:27,520 many priceless artworks for his own 500 00:21:25,760 --> 00:21:29,200 private collection 501 00:21:27,520 --> 00:21:31,760 he'd even managed to get hold of two 502 00:21:29,200 --> 00:21:34,799 vermeers including the astronomer and 503 00:21:31,760 --> 00:21:34,799 the art of painting 504 00:21:35,679 --> 00:21:40,080 hermann goering it seemed had also got 505 00:21:37,600 --> 00:21:44,679 hold of a vermeer and the trail led 506 00:21:40,080 --> 00:21:44,679 right back to han van migrant 507 00:21:48,480 --> 00:21:54,000 your german friend medal 508 00:21:50,880 --> 00:21:56,000 he's been arrested hiding in spain 509 00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:58,960 he's no friend of mine well he's had 510 00:21:56,000 --> 00:22:01,840 plenty to say about you 511 00:21:58,960 --> 00:22:02,720 van maker was accused of 512 00:22:01,840 --> 00:22:05,280 selling 513 00:22:02,720 --> 00:22:07,840 a painting to goring and 514 00:22:05,280 --> 00:22:09,600 collaborating with the nazis unusually 515 00:22:07,840 --> 00:22:11,120 for going he actually paid for it a 516 00:22:09,600 --> 00:22:12,400 relatively decent sum of money from an 517 00:22:11,120 --> 00:22:14,960 art dealer who 518 00:22:12,400 --> 00:22:16,480 either genuinely believed that it was a 519 00:22:14,960 --> 00:22:17,840 vermeer or must have been crapping his 520 00:22:16,480 --> 00:22:20,159 pants i mean really you know knowing 521 00:22:17,840 --> 00:22:22,559 that or selling a fake to 522 00:22:20,159 --> 00:22:25,280 to going isn't a very safe thing to do 523 00:22:22,559 --> 00:22:28,000 and in order to avoid that charge he 524 00:22:25,280 --> 00:22:29,679 said that he'd sold a fake so this is 525 00:22:28,000 --> 00:22:32,000 how the whole thing came out into the 526 00:22:29,679 --> 00:22:32,000 open 527 00:22:33,760 --> 00:22:38,640 he says that you came to him 528 00:22:36,720 --> 00:22:40,640 guring's art dealer 529 00:22:38,640 --> 00:22:42,720 with the sole purpose of doing business 530 00:22:40,640 --> 00:22:43,760 with the nazis that's a lie you'll swear 531 00:22:42,720 --> 00:22:48,080 to it 532 00:22:43,760 --> 00:22:48,080 isn't that right yes sir on oath 533 00:22:49,200 --> 00:22:53,280 he's lying 534 00:22:51,039 --> 00:22:56,080 no he isn't 535 00:22:53,280 --> 00:22:58,799 the simple fact mr vanmigren is we don't 536 00:22:56,080 --> 00:23:02,799 need to talk to you anymore 537 00:22:58,799 --> 00:23:02,799 this will convict you for collaboration 538 00:23:07,120 --> 00:23:10,320 though naturally any cooperation you 539 00:23:08,880 --> 00:23:13,600 might offer at this point would be 540 00:23:10,320 --> 00:23:15,679 considered when it came to sentencing 541 00:23:13,600 --> 00:23:18,240 where did you get the vermeers mr van 542 00:23:15,679 --> 00:23:18,240 meegeren 543 00:23:18,320 --> 00:23:24,370 where did you take them from 544 00:23:22,080 --> 00:23:27,440 helped you no one 545 00:23:24,370 --> 00:23:31,320 [Music] 546 00:23:27,440 --> 00:23:31,320 no one helped me 547 00:23:34,320 --> 00:23:39,039 [Music] 548 00:23:36,400 --> 00:23:39,039 i did it 549 00:23:41,039 --> 00:23:43,600 i painted 550 00:23:45,620 --> 00:23:48,790 [Music] 551 00:23:49,679 --> 00:23:52,640 i them them all 552 00:23:56,890 --> 00:24:06,000 [Music] 553 00:24:03,840 --> 00:24:08,000 being accused of forgery was a far 554 00:24:06,000 --> 00:24:09,279 lesser crime than collaboration with the 555 00:24:08,000 --> 00:24:11,440 nazis 556 00:24:09,279 --> 00:24:13,840 but van migrant would have to prove that 557 00:24:11,440 --> 00:24:16,720 these newly discovered vermeers were in 558 00:24:13,840 --> 00:24:16,720 fact fakes 559 00:24:17,440 --> 00:24:22,320 and so a trial was conducted where oddly 560 00:24:19,679 --> 00:24:24,490 van migrant had to prove himself guilty 561 00:24:22,320 --> 00:24:28,079 rather than innocent of a crime 562 00:24:24,490 --> 00:24:28,079 [Music] 563 00:24:28,240 --> 00:24:33,360 it seems astonishing to us now that we 564 00:24:30,240 --> 00:24:36,080 were fooled by the van maker and fakes 565 00:24:33,360 --> 00:24:39,039 but they were accepted by some of the 566 00:24:36,080 --> 00:24:41,600 the top experts in dutch art including 567 00:24:39,039 --> 00:24:43,919 bradys and 568 00:24:41,600 --> 00:24:46,720 once one or two experts had accepted the 569 00:24:43,919 --> 00:24:47,679 others seemed to the touch from achen 570 00:24:46,720 --> 00:24:51,120 used 571 00:24:47,679 --> 00:24:54,320 just not not to to to make something 572 00:24:51,120 --> 00:24:56,880 vermeers very famous for but making it 573 00:24:54,320 --> 00:24:58,880 look like it could be a vermeer 574 00:24:56,880 --> 00:25:01,279 people were so eager to to have those 575 00:24:58,880 --> 00:25:03,120 paintings 576 00:25:01,279 --> 00:25:05,760 it is not easy to admit when you be made 577 00:25:03,120 --> 00:25:05,760 a fool of 578 00:25:06,720 --> 00:25:12,400 you laid a trap for us mr van meegeren 579 00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:15,840 it was a clever one too 580 00:25:12,400 --> 00:25:15,840 we wanted to walk into it 581 00:25:15,919 --> 00:25:21,600 for your work seemed to give us the 582 00:25:18,640 --> 00:25:21,600 answer to a mystery 583 00:25:21,840 --> 00:25:26,880 they filled the chasm between early 584 00:25:23,760 --> 00:25:26,880 vermeers like this one 585 00:25:27,120 --> 00:25:32,960 and his mature masterpieces 586 00:25:30,400 --> 00:25:33,840 our search for truth and beauty blinded 587 00:25:32,960 --> 00:25:37,120 us 588 00:25:33,840 --> 00:25:38,640 and in the end we were all caught out 589 00:25:37,120 --> 00:25:40,480 it's a very clever thing which was that 590 00:25:38,640 --> 00:25:41,840 he he made vermeers that didn't look 591 00:25:40,480 --> 00:25:43,520 like vermeers and that was really 592 00:25:41,840 --> 00:25:44,960 sensible you know if you'd done girl 593 00:25:43,520 --> 00:25:46,159 with a pearl brooch 594 00:25:44,960 --> 00:25:49,360 you could have held it up next to go 595 00:25:46,159 --> 00:25:51,200 with the pillow and say i don't think so 596 00:25:49,360 --> 00:25:52,880 but in those days scholars believed that 597 00:25:51,200 --> 00:25:53,840 vermeer had studied in italy which he 598 00:25:52,880 --> 00:25:55,760 hadn't 599 00:25:53,840 --> 00:25:58,080 um and so what he did was he painted the 600 00:25:55,760 --> 00:26:00,720 caravaggio separate mess in the style of 601 00:25:58,080 --> 00:26:02,159 vermeer and every you know scholars 602 00:26:00,720 --> 00:26:03,440 who saw with their brains rather than 603 00:26:02,159 --> 00:26:04,799 their eyes thought oh well this 604 00:26:03,440 --> 00:26:07,279 obviously you know we can explain this 605 00:26:04,799 --> 00:26:09,279 like this and people were fooled i would 606 00:26:07,279 --> 00:26:12,559 like to begin my analysis if i may with 607 00:26:09,279 --> 00:26:12,559 the supper ademayas 608 00:26:16,640 --> 00:26:21,919 the pigment used by mr van meegeren 609 00:26:19,440 --> 00:26:24,799 although chemically identical is quite 610 00:26:21,919 --> 00:26:26,559 different when viewed under a microscope 611 00:26:24,799 --> 00:26:28,559 it's always easy to be wise after the 612 00:26:26,559 --> 00:26:30,320 event because when you do a fake there's 613 00:26:28,559 --> 00:26:33,520 something of your own time that goes 614 00:26:30,320 --> 00:26:36,720 into it and later on it looks wrong 615 00:26:33,520 --> 00:26:39,520 something that everybody wanted 616 00:26:36,720 --> 00:26:41,360 and you can wait so i'm still waiting 617 00:26:39,520 --> 00:26:42,400 for the self-portrait of vermeer to 618 00:26:41,360 --> 00:26:43,200 appear 619 00:26:42,400 --> 00:26:45,360 uh 620 00:26:43,200 --> 00:26:47,520 but you have to imagine at that point in 621 00:26:45,360 --> 00:26:49,520 time so there were a lot of monographs 622 00:26:47,520 --> 00:26:51,440 the documents had been published so 623 00:26:49,520 --> 00:26:53,440 everybody knew that there were more 624 00:26:51,440 --> 00:26:56,799 paintings they were different from the 625 00:26:53,440 --> 00:27:00,240 vimeos that we now know they were early 626 00:26:56,799 --> 00:27:03,200 religious works it was said so 627 00:27:00,240 --> 00:27:06,400 van maygren had tried to fill a hole in 628 00:27:03,200 --> 00:27:09,600 vermeer's career 629 00:27:06,400 --> 00:27:09,600 this black substance 630 00:27:10,320 --> 00:27:16,240 uh a dye of some sort 631 00:27:12,799 --> 00:27:21,279 imitating centuries accumulation of dirt 632 00:27:16,240 --> 00:27:23,919 was used to further the illusion of age 633 00:27:21,279 --> 00:27:26,240 it's wishful thinking it's something you 634 00:27:23,919 --> 00:27:28,399 really want a painting to be vermeer if 635 00:27:26,240 --> 00:27:30,720 you just want it you know it will be 636 00:27:28,399 --> 00:27:31,919 it's a brilliant con you really saw what 637 00:27:30,720 --> 00:27:33,919 scholars were like and they would just 638 00:27:31,919 --> 00:27:36,080 say yes you know we've long suspected 639 00:27:33,919 --> 00:27:37,679 there was there'd be italianate pictures 640 00:27:36,080 --> 00:27:38,399 and of course he was a catholic so you 641 00:27:37,679 --> 00:27:41,840 know 642 00:27:38,399 --> 00:27:44,720 here at last very clever forgery meaning 643 00:27:41,840 --> 00:27:46,399 an old canvas was used and acolyte was 644 00:27:44,720 --> 00:27:48,640 used so it really had to calculate you 645 00:27:46,399 --> 00:27:50,640 know the the calculate pattern that you 646 00:27:48,640 --> 00:27:52,240 see in old master paintings 647 00:27:50,640 --> 00:27:54,320 this x-ray 648 00:27:52,240 --> 00:27:56,159 reveals the remnants of the original 649 00:27:54,320 --> 00:27:58,559 painting below 650 00:27:56,159 --> 00:28:02,240 a priming layer with patches 651 00:27:58,559 --> 00:28:04,799 of lead white paint here 652 00:28:02,240 --> 00:28:04,799 and here 653 00:28:05,039 --> 00:28:08,720 i do think he was brilliant van maker 654 00:28:06,640 --> 00:28:10,559 and not a brilliant painter or brilliant 655 00:28:08,720 --> 00:28:12,320 i mean material forger but he was just a 656 00:28:10,559 --> 00:28:13,919 brilliant you know psychologist and of 657 00:28:12,320 --> 00:28:15,360 course the next van maker that comes 658 00:28:13,919 --> 00:28:17,039 along and doesn't look like a vermeer 659 00:28:15,360 --> 00:28:18,399 it's not going to be compared with 660 00:28:17,039 --> 00:28:21,279 viewfinder it's going to be compared 661 00:28:18,399 --> 00:28:22,960 with the last van maker and 662 00:28:21,279 --> 00:28:25,120 van meegeren was forced to paint a 663 00:28:22,960 --> 00:28:27,279 vermeer fake in front of reporters and 664 00:28:25,120 --> 00:28:31,640 court appointed witnesses to show 665 00:28:27,279 --> 00:28:31,640 exactly how it was done 666 00:28:37,679 --> 00:28:41,679 i must thank mr van meegeren 667 00:28:39,919 --> 00:28:44,679 for his cooperation throughout this 668 00:28:41,679 --> 00:28:44,679 process 669 00:28:44,720 --> 00:28:47,279 indeed 670 00:28:45,679 --> 00:28:50,799 i have never known a defendant so 671 00:28:47,279 --> 00:28:50,799 anxious to be found guilty 672 00:28:50,880 --> 00:28:55,360 it's very easy for us to think these 673 00:28:53,520 --> 00:28:58,080 people were foolish to think it is 674 00:28:55,360 --> 00:28:59,279 because it's a terrible painting i think 675 00:28:58,080 --> 00:29:01,600 many people 676 00:28:59,279 --> 00:29:03,919 know about formation but when you ask 677 00:29:01,600 --> 00:29:04,880 them the real story behind it they don't 678 00:29:03,919 --> 00:29:08,159 know 679 00:29:04,880 --> 00:29:09,279 you do admit to painting these works 680 00:29:08,159 --> 00:29:10,880 yes 681 00:29:09,279 --> 00:29:13,200 and selling them at the exorbitant 682 00:29:10,880 --> 00:29:15,120 prices charged 683 00:29:13,200 --> 00:29:18,240 if i'd have sold them cheaply everyone 684 00:29:15,120 --> 00:29:21,200 would have known they were fake 685 00:29:18,240 --> 00:29:23,440 everyone is interested in fakers so it 686 00:29:21,200 --> 00:29:25,440 does give one a certain notoriety and 687 00:29:23,440 --> 00:29:27,679 there is a great deal of interest in van 688 00:29:25,440 --> 00:29:31,120 maker and some people like to have his 689 00:29:27,679 --> 00:29:32,799 work just because of who he was 690 00:29:31,120 --> 00:29:35,919 so there is a certain admiration for 691 00:29:32,799 --> 00:29:37,840 someone who got away with it for so long 692 00:29:35,919 --> 00:29:39,520 what was it that made you continue after 693 00:29:37,840 --> 00:29:41,200 painting a mess 694 00:29:39,520 --> 00:29:43,919 you had made your money 695 00:29:41,200 --> 00:29:43,919 why go on 696 00:29:45,039 --> 00:29:47,679 it was the 697 00:29:48,000 --> 00:29:52,240 satisfaction of deceiving good men like 698 00:29:50,559 --> 00:29:55,840 dr corman's 699 00:29:52,240 --> 00:29:58,240 of swindling them 700 00:29:55,840 --> 00:30:02,080 the satisfaction 701 00:29:58,240 --> 00:30:04,720 of perfecting my technique 702 00:30:02,080 --> 00:30:06,799 i couldn't stop myself 703 00:30:04,720 --> 00:30:08,640 so money had no influence on your 704 00:30:06,799 --> 00:30:10,320 decision 705 00:30:08,640 --> 00:30:13,360 money 706 00:30:10,320 --> 00:30:15,520 has brought me nothing but misery 707 00:30:13,360 --> 00:30:17,360 of course he's also very damaging to 708 00:30:15,520 --> 00:30:19,679 vermeer's work and it's important to 709 00:30:17,360 --> 00:30:22,799 sort out what is the real vermeer and 710 00:30:19,679 --> 00:30:25,520 what are the fakes 711 00:30:22,799 --> 00:30:28,159 han van migran died soon after the trial 712 00:30:25,520 --> 00:30:30,240 was completed and before he served any 713 00:30:28,159 --> 00:30:32,720 time in prison 714 00:30:30,240 --> 00:30:35,039 the forgery scandal he created showed 715 00:30:32,720 --> 00:30:37,120 just how hard it's been to reclaim 716 00:30:35,039 --> 00:30:39,279 vermeer's legacy 717 00:30:37,120 --> 00:30:41,120 but in the decades that followed many of 718 00:30:39,279 --> 00:30:44,159 the genuine articles were lost to us 719 00:30:41,120 --> 00:30:45,200 once again in daring heists 720 00:30:44,159 --> 00:30:48,840 and one 721 00:30:45,200 --> 00:30:48,840 is still missing 722 00:30:55,120 --> 00:31:00,000 and van migran had forged numerous 723 00:30:57,519 --> 00:31:03,200 vermeers for over a decade 724 00:31:00,000 --> 00:31:04,880 his sensational trial in 1947 had proved 725 00:31:03,200 --> 00:31:08,000 an embarrassment for the scholars of 726 00:31:04,880 --> 00:31:10,320 vermeer who had fallen for his deception 727 00:31:08,000 --> 00:31:12,240 and as a result one painting called a 728 00:31:10,320 --> 00:31:13,919 young woman seated at the virginals 729 00:31:12,240 --> 00:31:16,880 which had been accepted as a vermeer 730 00:31:13,919 --> 00:31:19,360 since 1904 was suddenly labeled yet 731 00:31:16,880 --> 00:31:21,840 another forgery 732 00:31:19,360 --> 00:31:25,600 it was not until the 21st century that 733 00:31:21,840 --> 00:31:28,000 it started to be accepted once again 734 00:31:25,600 --> 00:31:30,080 well i think that is a premiere i didn't 735 00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:32,080 think so initially although not 736 00:31:30,080 --> 00:31:33,600 all of what one sees is by vermeer as 737 00:31:32,080 --> 00:31:35,120 far as i'm concerned there's been lots 738 00:31:33,600 --> 00:31:37,760 of technical analysis done in the 739 00:31:35,120 --> 00:31:40,320 painting uh and to the canvas 740 00:31:37,760 --> 00:31:42,720 and i think that strongly indicates i 741 00:31:40,320 --> 00:31:45,360 believe that is vermeer she has a large 742 00:31:42,720 --> 00:31:47,919 yellow cloak that covers upper part of 743 00:31:45,360 --> 00:31:49,919 her body you can see that the tin yellow 744 00:31:47,919 --> 00:31:51,760 underneath layer and that the modeling 745 00:31:49,919 --> 00:31:53,200 of the underneath layer seems to me 746 00:31:51,760 --> 00:31:55,519 appropriate for mirror where is the 747 00:31:53,200 --> 00:31:57,120 modeling on the upper layer not so i 748 00:31:55,519 --> 00:31:58,720 think that painting was reworked at a 749 00:31:57,120 --> 00:32:00,320 certain point for some reason some 750 00:31:58,720 --> 00:32:02,240 comments could be made on the quality of 751 00:32:00,320 --> 00:32:03,600 for example the depiction of our arms 752 00:32:02,240 --> 00:32:05,679 but scientifically i think it's been 753 00:32:03,600 --> 00:32:07,519 proven that it is part of his 754 00:32:05,679 --> 00:32:09,760 work yes 755 00:32:07,519 --> 00:32:11,519 the young woman seated at the virginals 756 00:32:09,760 --> 00:32:13,600 suddenly became the only remaining 757 00:32:11,519 --> 00:32:15,679 vermeer in private hands 758 00:32:13,600 --> 00:32:17,519 all the others had become part of museum 759 00:32:15,679 --> 00:32:19,440 or state collections 760 00:32:17,519 --> 00:32:21,120 and over the last few decades they've 761 00:32:19,440 --> 00:32:24,080 been the target of some of the most 762 00:32:21,120 --> 00:32:27,279 notorious art thefts in history 763 00:32:24,080 --> 00:32:29,440 in 1971 the love letter was taken from 764 00:32:27,279 --> 00:32:31,679 the fine arts palace in brussels where 765 00:32:29,440 --> 00:32:33,760 it was on temporary exhibition 766 00:32:31,679 --> 00:32:35,600 it was recovered two weeks later and 767 00:32:33,760 --> 00:32:38,480 returned to its home at the reichs 768 00:32:35,600 --> 00:32:40,240 museum in amsterdam 769 00:32:38,480 --> 00:32:43,279 another vermeer that was stolen in the 770 00:32:40,240 --> 00:32:44,960 1970s was the guitar player 771 00:32:43,279 --> 00:32:47,600 once owned by prime minister lord 772 00:32:44,960 --> 00:32:50,399 palmerston this later work of the artist 773 00:32:47,600 --> 00:32:53,760 was taken from kenwood house 774 00:32:50,399 --> 00:32:55,120 the guitar player was still in 1974 775 00:32:53,760 --> 00:32:57,679 kenwood house 776 00:32:55,120 --> 00:32:59,840 is an isolated house in hampstead heath 777 00:32:57,679 --> 00:33:01,760 so it was a bit vulnerable at that time 778 00:32:59,840 --> 00:33:04,080 the person broke in through the window 779 00:33:01,760 --> 00:33:06,159 through the shutters into this the room 780 00:33:04,080 --> 00:33:08,640 and stole the vermeer specifically 781 00:33:06,159 --> 00:33:10,799 ran off with it wasn't caught there was 782 00:33:08,640 --> 00:33:14,159 various theories there's been links made 783 00:33:10,799 --> 00:33:16,399 to ira and demands were made to transfer 784 00:33:14,159 --> 00:33:18,000 prisoners from a prison also there was a 785 00:33:16,399 --> 00:33:20,000 ransom note saying they're going to burn 786 00:33:18,000 --> 00:33:22,840 on saint patrick's night 787 00:33:20,000 --> 00:33:24,640 however it ended with an anonymous tip 788 00:33:22,840 --> 00:33:27,440 off 789 00:33:24,640 --> 00:33:30,720 it was later found abandoned in the 790 00:33:27,440 --> 00:33:32,960 churchyard in smithfield's in central 791 00:33:30,720 --> 00:33:34,640 london a helpful phone call ringling 792 00:33:32,960 --> 00:33:36,960 hello you don't know me but there's a 793 00:33:34,640 --> 00:33:38,640 there's a mirror in your church yard 794 00:33:36,960 --> 00:33:40,880 when i arrived here about quarter of an 795 00:33:38,640 --> 00:33:42,399 hour ago i found a lot of press here 796 00:33:40,880 --> 00:33:44,399 saying that the painting had been found 797 00:33:42,399 --> 00:33:46,159 and of course i was absolutely thrilled 798 00:33:44,399 --> 00:33:48,320 because it was so terrible if it ever 799 00:33:46,159 --> 00:33:49,519 been stolen really there it was propped 800 00:33:48,320 --> 00:33:52,960 up against a 801 00:33:49,519 --> 00:33:55,919 gravestone it was damp but relatively 802 00:33:52,960 --> 00:33:57,600 unharmed it has slightly suffered from 803 00:33:55,919 --> 00:33:59,440 the atmospheric conditions while it's 804 00:33:57,600 --> 00:34:02,640 been away from us and this is hardly 805 00:33:59,440 --> 00:34:05,200 surprising um a skilled restorer will 806 00:34:02,640 --> 00:34:07,679 have to see to the very slight cupping 807 00:34:05,200 --> 00:34:09,040 of the paint surface that has occurred 808 00:34:07,679 --> 00:34:10,399 i seem to recall that they stole some 809 00:34:09,040 --> 00:34:12,639 other pictures from kenwood and dumped 810 00:34:10,399 --> 00:34:14,639 them down by the lake and made off so 811 00:34:12,639 --> 00:34:16,399 leaving the things in wet grasses wasn't 812 00:34:14,639 --> 00:34:18,320 unusual for them obviously not a 813 00:34:16,399 --> 00:34:20,000 professional thief did it there's not 814 00:34:18,320 --> 00:34:22,240 much point in taking a picture and then 815 00:34:20,000 --> 00:34:24,800 just leave it in a church yard i should 816 00:34:22,240 --> 00:34:26,800 think possibly if anyone wanted to leave 817 00:34:24,800 --> 00:34:28,800 anything without being seen anywhere in 818 00:34:26,800 --> 00:34:30,079 the city of london at night it's rather 819 00:34:28,800 --> 00:34:31,679 good place because it's all very 820 00:34:30,079 --> 00:34:34,720 deserted and very few people live around 821 00:34:31,679 --> 00:34:37,520 here you see it's the only uh vermeer 822 00:34:34,720 --> 00:34:39,040 that is still on its original or very 823 00:34:37,520 --> 00:34:39,919 early stretcher 824 00:34:39,040 --> 00:34:41,919 so 825 00:34:39,919 --> 00:34:44,399 it is unique and it's very special and 826 00:34:41,919 --> 00:34:45,679 we have to take obviously extra extra 827 00:34:44,399 --> 00:34:47,679 care of it 828 00:34:45,679 --> 00:34:49,520 because it's quite fragile this picture 829 00:34:47,679 --> 00:34:52,159 was on its original 17th century 830 00:34:49,520 --> 00:34:54,560 stretcher and there's no mistaking that 831 00:34:52,159 --> 00:34:56,079 there's no mistaking the original wooden 832 00:34:54,560 --> 00:34:57,920 dowels around the 833 00:34:56,079 --> 00:35:00,160 edge of the canvas too they are of 834 00:34:57,920 --> 00:35:02,960 course are the pegs that vermeer put in 835 00:35:00,160 --> 00:35:05,280 today artists have used galvanized text 836 00:35:02,960 --> 00:35:07,040 so we can be absolutely certain it's 837 00:35:05,280 --> 00:35:11,520 amazing that this is you know still on 838 00:35:07,040 --> 00:35:13,520 its same stretcher from 1672. 839 00:35:11,520 --> 00:35:16,400 the same year as the guitar player was 840 00:35:13,520 --> 00:35:18,960 stolen yet another vermeer was taken the 841 00:35:16,400 --> 00:35:21,119 lady writing a letter with her maid 842 00:35:18,960 --> 00:35:24,480 it's the only vermeer in ireland and had 843 00:35:21,119 --> 00:35:26,800 to endure a second theft in the 1980s 844 00:35:24,480 --> 00:35:29,119 the lady writing letter with a maid was 845 00:35:26,800 --> 00:35:31,040 stolen in ireland 846 00:35:29,119 --> 00:35:33,359 in the 1970s 847 00:35:31,040 --> 00:35:34,880 and the ira was involved that was at the 848 00:35:33,359 --> 00:35:37,680 height of the troubles 849 00:35:34,880 --> 00:35:40,320 that was also recovered it was stellar 850 00:35:37,680 --> 00:35:42,240 from raspberry house outside dublin 851 00:35:40,320 --> 00:35:44,720 there was a wonderful sort of figure of 852 00:35:42,240 --> 00:35:46,400 my childhood called dr rose dugdale who 853 00:35:44,720 --> 00:35:49,040 was a sort of debutant 854 00:35:46,400 --> 00:35:50,560 a turned ira terrorist who um you know 855 00:35:49,040 --> 00:35:52,240 she stole it first and they found it 856 00:35:50,560 --> 00:35:54,400 about a week later i think it's unfair 857 00:35:52,240 --> 00:35:56,320 to say the ira was responsible no at the 858 00:35:54,400 --> 00:35:58,160 time bridget rose dugdale and her 859 00:35:56,320 --> 00:35:59,280 boyfriend eddie gallaher were not just 860 00:35:58,160 --> 00:36:01,680 irish nationalists but they were 861 00:35:59,280 --> 00:36:02,720 paramilitary sympathizers their big idea 862 00:36:01,680 --> 00:36:04,079 was to 863 00:36:02,720 --> 00:36:05,599 get these things and then hold them to 864 00:36:04,079 --> 00:36:07,760 ransom as much as you can establish a 865 00:36:05,599 --> 00:36:09,680 motive for the theft of those paintings 866 00:36:07,760 --> 00:36:11,599 both in kenwood and at raspberry the 867 00:36:09,680 --> 00:36:15,280 painting was stolen the second time in 868 00:36:11,599 --> 00:36:18,079 the 1980s by a criminal from 869 00:36:15,280 --> 00:36:20,480 northern ireland and it was recovered in 870 00:36:18,079 --> 00:36:22,320 antwerp the painting is back and now at 871 00:36:20,480 --> 00:36:24,000 the national gallery of ireland in 872 00:36:22,320 --> 00:36:26,320 dublin 873 00:36:24,000 --> 00:36:27,920 fortunately all these stolen vermeers 874 00:36:26,320 --> 00:36:29,040 have been returned to their rightful 875 00:36:27,920 --> 00:36:32,400 homes 876 00:36:29,040 --> 00:36:34,320 but one is still missing the concert 877 00:36:32,400 --> 00:36:36,800 this was taken from the isabella stewart 878 00:36:34,320 --> 00:36:38,160 gardner museum in boston along with a 879 00:36:36,800 --> 00:36:40,400 painting by one of vermeer's 880 00:36:38,160 --> 00:36:42,640 contemporaries rembrandt 881 00:36:40,400 --> 00:36:43,760 in one of the most daring art thefts of 882 00:36:42,640 --> 00:36:47,839 all time 883 00:36:43,760 --> 00:36:49,920 the concert was taken in 1990 along uh 884 00:36:47,839 --> 00:36:51,680 with rembrandt and a number of other 885 00:36:49,920 --> 00:36:53,440 important works from the 886 00:36:51,680 --> 00:36:54,720 isabelle stewart gardner museum in 887 00:36:53,440 --> 00:36:57,280 boston 888 00:36:54,720 --> 00:37:00,240 on the night of st patrick's day 1990 889 00:36:57,280 --> 00:37:01,839 two boston police department cops turned 890 00:37:00,240 --> 00:37:04,160 up at the museum banged on the door the 891 00:37:01,839 --> 00:37:06,000 guys walked in produced a gun tied up 892 00:37:04,160 --> 00:37:07,359 the two guards then spent several hours 893 00:37:06,000 --> 00:37:09,599 in the museum 894 00:37:07,359 --> 00:37:11,680 deciding what to take certainly the 895 00:37:09,599 --> 00:37:13,440 concert of him there 896 00:37:11,680 --> 00:37:15,359 and also rembrandt's storm on the sea of 897 00:37:13,440 --> 00:37:17,440 galilee are two exceptionally valuable 898 00:37:15,359 --> 00:37:19,040 paintings taken away in 899 00:37:17,440 --> 00:37:21,280 over a matter of hours 900 00:37:19,040 --> 00:37:23,440 and they haven't been seen since most 901 00:37:21,280 --> 00:37:26,160 important works that are stolen do 902 00:37:23,440 --> 00:37:28,720 eventually turn up but this one is now 903 00:37:26,160 --> 00:37:30,480 20 or more years ago 904 00:37:28,720 --> 00:37:32,240 but the hunt is still on 905 00:37:30,480 --> 00:37:36,400 the problem has been 906 00:37:32,240 --> 00:37:38,000 that the fbi have gone down one road 907 00:37:36,400 --> 00:37:40,079 and i think there were other roads to go 908 00:37:38,000 --> 00:37:42,079 down 909 00:37:40,079 --> 00:37:44,880 for years the theft has been linked to 910 00:37:42,079 --> 00:37:47,040 james whitey bulger a notorious figure 911 00:37:44,880 --> 00:37:50,839 in boston organized crime who was 912 00:37:47,040 --> 00:37:50,839 captured in 2011. 913 00:37:50,880 --> 00:37:56,240 the whitey bulger story is the story he 914 00:37:53,040 --> 00:37:58,240 was the kingpin i cannot see how 915 00:37:56,240 --> 00:38:00,480 it's possible that whitey did not have 916 00:37:58,240 --> 00:38:02,240 either at the time or certainly soon 917 00:38:00,480 --> 00:38:03,200 afterwards some connection to those 918 00:38:02,240 --> 00:38:05,520 paintings 919 00:38:03,200 --> 00:38:07,599 however to be fair to the fbi there is 920 00:38:05,520 --> 00:38:09,280 no hard evidence of that well i've been 921 00:38:07,599 --> 00:38:10,560 very lucky that i've actually studied 922 00:38:09,280 --> 00:38:12,800 every vermeer in the world under the 923 00:38:10,560 --> 00:38:15,520 microscope i've seen it out of the frame 924 00:38:12,800 --> 00:38:17,040 and the concert i spent two days with in 925 00:38:15,520 --> 00:38:18,880 that way and i still have all these 926 00:38:17,040 --> 00:38:22,160 slides of the painting and all the kind 927 00:38:18,880 --> 00:38:24,400 of uh little magical ways in which these 928 00:38:22,160 --> 00:38:27,040 colored highlights and it's always a 929 00:38:24,400 --> 00:38:28,880 huge loss that i still feel i hope it 930 00:38:27,040 --> 00:38:31,200 will come back i hope it will come back 931 00:38:28,880 --> 00:38:33,119 because for the museum it's very sad 932 00:38:31,200 --> 00:38:34,480 that you don't have the work itself 933 00:38:33,119 --> 00:38:37,119 anymore 934 00:38:34,480 --> 00:38:38,960 the hunt for the concert goes on but 935 00:38:37,119 --> 00:38:41,200 it's not the only missing vermeer that 936 00:38:38,960 --> 00:38:43,440 could be out there vermeer died in 937 00:38:41,200 --> 00:38:46,560 poverty and most of his works were later 938 00:38:43,440 --> 00:38:50,160 auctioned off in a 1696 sale of a man 939 00:38:46,560 --> 00:38:52,640 called jacob disius who had inherited 21 940 00:38:50,160 --> 00:38:54,800 of vermeer's paintings some of the works 941 00:38:52,640 --> 00:38:56,880 listed in the auction catalogue hadn't 942 00:38:54,800 --> 00:38:59,680 been found yet and include another 943 00:38:56,880 --> 00:39:01,040 little street and even a self-portrait 944 00:38:59,680 --> 00:39:02,800 of the artist 945 00:39:01,040 --> 00:39:04,560 i'm still looking 946 00:39:02,800 --> 00:39:06,480 for the self-portrait that he made 947 00:39:04,560 --> 00:39:08,800 because it is documented that he made 948 00:39:06,480 --> 00:39:10,400 one and we know there was a second 949 00:39:08,800 --> 00:39:11,680 little street like the painting in the 950 00:39:10,400 --> 00:39:12,560 rights museum 951 00:39:11,680 --> 00:39:14,880 so 952 00:39:12,560 --> 00:39:16,880 maybe paintings will turn up but it's 953 00:39:14,880 --> 00:39:19,359 not really the largest production it 954 00:39:16,880 --> 00:39:21,599 would be absolutely incredible i mean if 955 00:39:19,359 --> 00:39:23,760 we would be able to find one of these 956 00:39:21,599 --> 00:39:27,280 paintings that have been mentioned in 957 00:39:23,760 --> 00:39:30,800 the this year's sale in 1696 already but 958 00:39:27,280 --> 00:39:30,800 have completely disappeared 959 00:39:30,880 --> 00:39:34,800 one painting that wasn't listed in the 960 00:39:32,720 --> 00:39:37,040 this year's sale but has been attributed 961 00:39:34,800 --> 00:39:38,480 to vermeer for a while is the saint 962 00:39:37,040 --> 00:39:41,599 proxidus 963 00:39:38,480 --> 00:39:43,599 in 2014 christie's in london auctioned 964 00:39:41,599 --> 00:39:45,359 the painting after announcing that 965 00:39:43,599 --> 00:39:47,920 technical analysis carried out at the 966 00:39:45,359 --> 00:39:50,960 reichs museum strengthened the case that 967 00:39:47,920 --> 00:39:53,200 this is a genuine vermeer thank you we 968 00:39:50,960 --> 00:39:54,640 move on to lot 39 969 00:39:53,200 --> 00:39:57,599 please know that there is additional 970 00:39:54,640 --> 00:40:00,720 literature that's been posted throughout 971 00:39:57,599 --> 00:40:03,040 the view lot 39 the vermeer 972 00:40:00,720 --> 00:40:04,880 it may even be his earliest known work 973 00:40:03,040 --> 00:40:07,200 as the lead isotope tests on the white 974 00:40:04,880 --> 00:40:09,760 paint of the saint proxidus indicate 975 00:40:07,200 --> 00:40:12,319 that the exact same batch of white paint 976 00:40:09,760 --> 00:40:14,720 may have been used on both this painting 977 00:40:12,319 --> 00:40:16,319 and diana and her companions 978 00:40:14,720 --> 00:40:18,720 i actually did see that painting it was 979 00:40:16,319 --> 00:40:19,599 an exhibition in rome i think two years 980 00:40:18,720 --> 00:40:21,119 ago 981 00:40:19,599 --> 00:40:23,760 and it's a very 982 00:40:21,119 --> 00:40:26,640 difficult painting to attribute because 983 00:40:23,760 --> 00:40:29,200 this praxed is saint 984 00:40:26,640 --> 00:40:31,599 she is depicted by felicia figuerelli an 985 00:40:29,200 --> 00:40:33,200 italian painter and then there is a copy 986 00:40:31,599 --> 00:40:35,359 after that painting and it's very 987 00:40:33,200 --> 00:40:36,880 difficult if there is a copy like who 988 00:40:35,359 --> 00:40:40,319 made this copy 989 00:40:36,880 --> 00:40:42,319 the saint praxis picture is very unusual 990 00:40:40,319 --> 00:40:43,920 um there's a signature on it which is 991 00:40:42,319 --> 00:40:47,280 thought to be 992 00:40:43,920 --> 00:40:49,520 vermeers and it appears to be a copy of 993 00:40:47,280 --> 00:40:51,599 an italian painting and there is one 994 00:40:49,520 --> 00:40:54,079 scholar in america arthur wheelock who 995 00:40:51,599 --> 00:40:56,960 believes that it's an authentic vermeer 996 00:40:54,079 --> 00:40:58,640 i feel very strongly it is by vermeer 997 00:40:56,960 --> 00:41:00,079 and 998 00:40:58,640 --> 00:41:02,960 and i've had the opportunity to study 999 00:41:00,079 --> 00:41:05,359 that one very closely and also to see it 1000 00:41:02,960 --> 00:41:07,200 together with the figarelli painting and 1001 00:41:05,359 --> 00:41:09,680 they're to me they're entirely different 1002 00:41:07,200 --> 00:41:11,680 and a very different character one very 1003 00:41:09,680 --> 00:41:13,520 much a dutch painting and one 1004 00:41:11,680 --> 00:41:15,359 very much italian painting 1005 00:41:13,520 --> 00:41:18,079 and there's a lot of elements of the 1006 00:41:15,359 --> 00:41:20,720 same proxis that are consistent with 1007 00:41:18,079 --> 00:41:22,560 early vermeer the complicated thing 1008 00:41:20,720 --> 00:41:24,240 obviously is based on another painting 1009 00:41:22,560 --> 00:41:26,480 um and so 1010 00:41:24,240 --> 00:41:29,200 many of the elements of it are 1011 00:41:26,480 --> 00:41:30,640 have this italian quality that people 1012 00:41:29,200 --> 00:41:32,480 aren't comfortable with in vermeer's 1013 00:41:30,640 --> 00:41:36,319 world we're still hoping there will be 1014 00:41:32,480 --> 00:41:38,480 more vermeers and and then there is also 1015 00:41:36,319 --> 00:41:40,800 the thing is it real for me or not 1016 00:41:38,480 --> 00:41:41,920 because that's everyone every time a 1017 00:41:40,800 --> 00:41:44,000 vermeer 1018 00:41:41,920 --> 00:41:46,800 pops up or 1019 00:41:44,000 --> 00:41:48,240 yeah you'll get those questions 1020 00:41:46,800 --> 00:41:49,599 at three million three million two 1021 00:41:48,240 --> 00:41:50,960 hundred thousand 1022 00:41:49,599 --> 00:41:53,280 three million five hundred thousand 1023 00:41:50,960 --> 00:41:55,119 three million eight hundred thousand now 1024 00:41:53,280 --> 00:41:58,240 at three million eight yes four million 1025 00:41:55,119 --> 00:41:59,359 we have no other copies of paintings by 1026 00:41:58,240 --> 00:42:02,240 vermeer 1027 00:41:59,359 --> 00:42:03,599 so this will be unique if it is a 1028 00:42:02,240 --> 00:42:05,680 full-size 1029 00:42:03,599 --> 00:42:07,119 copy of a painting four million two 1030 00:42:05,680 --> 00:42:08,480 hundred thousand yes four million five 1031 00:42:07,119 --> 00:42:10,000 hundred thousand four million eight 1032 00:42:08,480 --> 00:42:12,079 hundred thousand 1033 00:42:10,000 --> 00:42:14,160 at four million eight hundred thousand 1034 00:42:12,079 --> 00:42:15,920 parts it's unclear as to why he would 1035 00:42:14,160 --> 00:42:18,880 have wanted to copy this particular 1036 00:42:15,920 --> 00:42:21,839 painting and stylistically 1037 00:42:18,880 --> 00:42:24,400 it's been questioned as whether it's 1038 00:42:21,839 --> 00:42:28,079 consistent with vermeer's work 1039 00:42:24,400 --> 00:42:30,880 five million five hundred thousand 1040 00:42:28,079 --> 00:42:32,560 pounds last chance 1041 00:42:30,880 --> 00:42:35,350 so thank you for five million five 1042 00:42:32,560 --> 00:42:36,960 hundred thousand 1043 00:42:35,350 --> 00:42:38,560 [Music] 1044 00:42:36,960 --> 00:42:40,960 just like the lady seated at the 1045 00:42:38,560 --> 00:42:43,200 virginals scientific tests seem to be 1046 00:42:40,960 --> 00:42:44,480 bringing another painting back into his 1047 00:42:43,200 --> 00:42:46,079 cannon 1048 00:42:44,480 --> 00:42:48,800 it's been quite a battle trying to 1049 00:42:46,079 --> 00:42:50,400 rescue the legacy of johannes vermeer 1050 00:42:48,800 --> 00:42:52,319 arguments will continue over the 1051 00:42:50,400 --> 00:42:55,040 attribution of some of the paintings 1052 00:42:52,319 --> 00:42:57,680 including the unique saint proxidas 1053 00:42:55,040 --> 00:43:00,160 but even if no new vermeers do turn up 1054 00:42:57,680 --> 00:43:03,040 the few paintings we do have continue to 1055 00:43:00,160 --> 00:43:06,000 entrance people all across the globe 1056 00:43:03,040 --> 00:43:07,680 the mystery of vermeer goes on 1057 00:43:06,000 --> 00:43:09,520 there's always a chance that something 1058 00:43:07,680 --> 00:43:11,599 might emerge i think it's a little bit 1059 00:43:09,520 --> 00:43:13,440 unlikely at this stage because he's been 1060 00:43:11,599 --> 00:43:15,839 famous for 100 years 1061 00:43:13,440 --> 00:43:17,520 but who knows something might emerge i 1062 00:43:15,839 --> 00:43:19,440 mean you can hope but he's so well known 1063 00:43:17,520 --> 00:43:21,599 now that i'd be surprised if something 1064 00:43:19,440 --> 00:43:22,880 came up new and it wasn't already known 1065 00:43:21,599 --> 00:43:25,040 but you never know in a private 1066 00:43:22,880 --> 00:43:27,440 collection it may appear in future years 1067 00:43:25,040 --> 00:43:30,000 today one of the real absolute stars of 1068 00:43:27,440 --> 00:43:31,359 what the dutch golden age in painting 1069 00:43:30,000 --> 00:43:34,160 was 1070 00:43:31,359 --> 00:43:36,480 but also a painter with a very tiny 1071 00:43:34,160 --> 00:43:39,119 little earther once you see a vermeer 1072 00:43:36,480 --> 00:43:41,040 you never forget it and you never forget 1073 00:43:39,119 --> 00:43:42,319 where you saw it the milk made where you 1074 00:43:41,040 --> 00:43:43,839 see the view of delft do you see the 1075 00:43:42,319 --> 00:43:44,960 girl the pool earring or you see the 1076 00:43:43,839 --> 00:43:46,400 woman of the balance the national 1077 00:43:44,960 --> 00:43:49,280 gallery the woman blew i mean you name 1078 00:43:46,400 --> 00:43:51,280 it it's magical to watch the power of 1079 00:43:49,280 --> 00:43:55,810 this artist but the most important thing 1080 00:43:51,280 --> 00:44:34,630 is they are all such distinctive images 1081 00:43:55,810 --> 00:44:34,630 [Music] 1082 00:44:38,160 --> 00:44:40,240 you 77076

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