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[Music]
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vermeer is the ultimate enigma
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he created some of the world's most
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treasured paintings including the girl
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with a pearl earring
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but we know very little about him
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in fact for two centuries his
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masterpieces were largely forgotten
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but an intrepid french explorer in the
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19th century managed to hunt them down
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in hidden locations where they'd been
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scattered across europe
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you don't hear people making these
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pilgrimages for most artists and what is
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it about vermeer that encourages this
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need
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slowly but surely vermeer came to be
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appreciated for the artistic genius that
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he was
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for me is one of the most enigmatic
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dutch artists of the 17th century once
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you see a vermeer you never forget it
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and you never forget where you saw it
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however the process of reclaiming his
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paintings has been fraught with peril
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one of the most successful forges of all
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time han van migran managed to fool the
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experts for years with his collection of
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fake vermeers
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his trial was a media sensation that
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rocked the art world
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it seems astonishing to us now that we
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were fooled by the van maker and fakes
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it's wishful thinking you really want a
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painting to be vermeer if you just want
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it you know it will be he was just a
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brilliant psychologist and he understood
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that scholars would think
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we've always been expecting to find
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these and here they are
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there are very few genuine vermeers
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around and many have been lost to us
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once again being stolen by members of
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the ira and the boston mob
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it would appear that they were very
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selective in what they took
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even adolf hitler and hermann goering
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were looking to get their hands on
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vermeers by whatever means necessary
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hitler managed to get a hold of two
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goring was sold a fake made by van
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migran
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the forgeries have made life difficult
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when it comes to the work of the dutch
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master
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if you would discover a genuine vermeer
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it would make your day but you have to
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be really careful
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it's been an epic struggle to reclaim
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the works of johannes vermeer from their
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hidden locations and from the thieves
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that took them
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that struggle continues today
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[Music]
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at the end of world war ii joseph pillar
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a jewish resistance hero was tasked with
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hunting down ss and gestapo members
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after the liberation of the netherlands
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he also managed to track down han van
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migran a very wealthy resident of
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amsterdam who he discovered had been
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behind the sales of many recently
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rediscovered vermeers
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but one of those sales had been made to
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the nazi leader hermann goering and van
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migran was accused of collaboration
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we're going to answer the question mr
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vanmigren
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my father told me
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i would never amount to anything
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he didn't approve of your career
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i know nothing
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he used to say
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incapable of nothing
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well he was wrong wasn't he
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man doesn't acquire 50 houses 52
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yes 52.
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you had to be clever to do what you did
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yes
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where did they come from mr van meegeren
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where did you find the vermeers
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but what pillar didn't know was that van
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migran was one of the most successful
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art forgers of all time
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[Music]
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just like johannes vermeer himself van
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migrant lived and worked in the city of
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delft and was also an artist
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but he was chastised by art critics at
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the time
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they said his style was just an
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imitation of the old masters
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van migrant decided to retaliate by
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proving that he could imitate them so
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accurately that even the experts would
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be fooled
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i think he had two motives one was
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obviously money it was a way of earning
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some money by making these fakes but i
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also think he wanted to get his own back
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on the art world they didn't like his
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art
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so he thought he would do something to
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get his own back on the critics famigon
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was a dutch delft architect
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who has some made some buildings in
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daltonsville so around the delft you
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will find some real vomitings there are
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buildings
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alongside canals vamp discovered he
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could make wonderful vermeers with the
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kind of paint vermeer used in his time
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and people from that area liked it very
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much and thought the possibility to to
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own a real vermeer
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han van migran made forgeries of other
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artists but it was the fact that
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johannes vermeer was such a mystery that
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allowed these fakes to be so successful
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johannes vermeer was born in delft in
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1632
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exactly 300 years before van migrant
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started his fakes
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he joined the artistic guild of saint
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luke and may have been taught by another
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celebrated artist who worked in delft
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carol fabricious
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fabricious was rembrandt's greatest
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pupil but was tragically killed at the
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age of 32 when a gunpowder store
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exploded in delft destroying much of the
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city
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the event became known as the delft
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thunderclap
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vermeer survived the gunpowder explosion
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and started working on his paintings
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including a view of delft made six years
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after the tragedy
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we know very little about his life and
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he actually ran
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an inn or tavern in the town of delft
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outside the hague the city of delft in
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the 17th century was very rich we did
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business all over the world wonderful
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buildings already stoned but also very a
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lot of a lot of wooden houses he was a
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dutch golden age painter that great
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flowering of you know the dutch republic
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we think for me it was in the middle
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class of people his mother-in-law was
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very rich of course his father had to uh
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to ends it was time to say he suffered
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from his father who um
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had been a cloth worker and dealer and
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became a tavern keeper and killed a
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soldier and was generally sounds like a
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rogue
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um married a catholic had 15 children 11
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of which survived
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one imagines his life didn't look
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anything like a vermeer maybe that was
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the point
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we have no definitive pictures of
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johannes vermeer but it's believed by
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scholars that he may have painted
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himself into one of his early works
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the procureus
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it's a genre scene where you have a
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figure in the background and he looks
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like a painter and you know he may be
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vermeer
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i i like to think it is familiar but you
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know
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we don't know that for sure
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vermeer may also have painted himself
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into one of his later works the art of
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painting he had other jobs so you know
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he earned his money as a painter but he
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had an inn and he dealt in art so he was
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an art dealer he had 11 children with
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his wife
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he was also an innkeeper he had
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the two ins of his father
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he was a seller of antiques and that
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that kind of things and oh he was
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painter as well how the poor man find
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time to paint at all is
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a miracle some very successful artists
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like rembrandt had a studio and employed
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a lot of assistance who would work
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doing some menial tasks but vermeer
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seems to have worked just by himself and
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that's probably a reflection of both of
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the way he wanted to work and the fact
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that he didn't earn very much money you
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know there's a great idea that great
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suffering makes great art
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vermeer's unique way of working and the
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materials he used seem to explain why
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there are so precious few examples of
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his paintings in the world today
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i think it's a combination of two
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reasons why we have such a very small
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output one is that we simply don't have
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the paintings that they were lost
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because of course
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a lot of pictures do get lost and some
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of his must have done the other thing is
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he probably did work very slowly i mean
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they're very meticulously and carefully
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painted he painted using lapis lazuli
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quite quite a lot and he painted
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gem-like pictures that were made out of
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gems often vermeer used very expensive
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colors the stone lab is lazuli in those
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years it was very expensive because he
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produced so little he probably didn't
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earn a great deal and there were also
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economic problems in the netherlands at
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the time and when he died he was in debt
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vermeer died in delft at the age of just
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43.
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his reputation as an artist did not
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extend much beyond his hometown and his
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name faded into obscurity very quickly
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along with his paintings
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it was not until almost two centuries
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later that he finally got the
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recognition that he deserved when a
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french exile made it his mission to
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bring vermeer to the world
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[Music]
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johannes vermeer lived and painted in
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the city of delft near the hague
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but his reputation as an artist didn't
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extend much beyond the city he worked in
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and when he died at the age of 43 it
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seemed vermeer had missed his chance to
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be considered one of history's greatest
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artists
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i don't imagine that his pictures so
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for much and there weren't very many of
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them if you're painting probably two
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pictures a year
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that's not like being picasso in those
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times rembrandts and and some other
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painters also on delft from mirvelt and
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peter hall for instance
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sold a lot more paintings to other
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people than vermeer did the volume of
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the work available is a key component in
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this even accounting for ones that may
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have been lost or destroyed even it's
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still a relatively small
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output for someone who was an artist for
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over 20 years in those years it was not
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very common to like a vermeer the prices
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which were paid on the selling in
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amsterdam were also not so very high for
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instance there were no paintings by
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vermeer in french public collections i
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think the vermeer in the mouths house
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was the first vermeer to enter a public
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collection in the netherlands so if you
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have these paintings in private
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collections if you had good contacts you
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could go there but it's different from a
278
00:11:41,360 --> 00:11:44,320
museum
279
00:11:42,399 --> 00:11:46,800
there were a few collectors of his work
280
00:11:44,320 --> 00:11:49,839
and they were saved by them often they
281
00:11:46,800 --> 00:11:52,399
were later attributed to other artists
282
00:11:49,839 --> 00:11:54,160
not to vermeer and then vermeer was
283
00:11:52,399 --> 00:11:57,839
rediscovered
284
00:11:54,160 --> 00:11:57,839
in the 19th century
285
00:11:58,399 --> 00:12:03,600
vermeer's rediscovery was due to a
286
00:12:00,639 --> 00:12:05,600
french exile named tayofield torreira
287
00:12:03,600 --> 00:12:06,959
who found himself captivated by the
288
00:12:05,600 --> 00:12:09,519
paintings
289
00:12:06,959 --> 00:12:12,399
toray made it his life's work to track
290
00:12:09,519 --> 00:12:14,079
down as many vermeers as he could
291
00:12:12,399 --> 00:12:16,160
it wasn't going to be an easy task
292
00:12:14,079 --> 00:12:18,160
though after vermeer's death his
293
00:12:16,160 --> 00:12:20,639
paintings had scattered across europe
294
00:12:18,160 --> 00:12:22,639
and were often incorrectly listed as the
295
00:12:20,639 --> 00:12:23,600
work of far better known artists at the
296
00:12:22,639 --> 00:12:25,839
time
297
00:12:23,600 --> 00:12:28,399
many of them would end up in royal
298
00:12:25,839 --> 00:12:28,399
possession
299
00:12:29,920 --> 00:12:35,920
in 1742 a girl reading a letter by an
300
00:12:33,279 --> 00:12:38,959
open window was acquired for augustus
301
00:12:35,920 --> 00:12:41,839
iii the king of poland with the belief
302
00:12:38,959 --> 00:12:44,240
that it was a painting by rembrandt
303
00:12:41,839 --> 00:12:47,360
the music lesson was also bought by a
304
00:12:44,240 --> 00:12:49,600
king in 1762 when it was purchased for
305
00:12:47,360 --> 00:12:51,120
king george the third of england
306
00:12:49,600 --> 00:12:53,440
it entered the royal collection at
307
00:12:51,120 --> 00:12:56,079
buckingham palace where it was listed as
308
00:12:53,440 --> 00:12:58,880
being by franz van meeres
309
00:12:56,079 --> 00:13:01,360
in 1802 the guitar player became the
310
00:12:58,880 --> 00:13:03,120
property of lord palmerston who would go
311
00:13:01,360 --> 00:13:05,120
on to become prime minister of the
312
00:13:03,120 --> 00:13:07,360
united kingdom
313
00:13:05,120 --> 00:13:09,279
the art of painting vermeer's most
314
00:13:07,360 --> 00:13:11,600
treasured item that he always kept in
315
00:13:09,279 --> 00:13:13,760
his possession would end up being listed
316
00:13:11,600 --> 00:13:15,839
as a work by peter the hook
317
00:13:13,760 --> 00:13:18,000
it traveled to vienna where it became
318
00:13:15,839 --> 00:13:18,839
part of the house of chernin collection
319
00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:22,000
in
320
00:13:18,839 --> 00:13:23,920
1813 the little street
321
00:13:22,000 --> 00:13:25,920
and the milkmaid stayed in the
322
00:13:23,920 --> 00:13:28,000
netherlands though when they entered the
323
00:13:25,920 --> 00:13:31,360
collection of the aristocratic dutch
324
00:13:28,000 --> 00:13:34,360
family the sixes at the house of six in
325
00:13:31,360 --> 00:13:34,360
amsterdam
326
00:13:43,680 --> 00:13:49,839
i had never heard the name before either
327
00:13:46,079 --> 00:13:49,839
but it was simply astonishing
328
00:13:50,079 --> 00:13:55,120
the first one i saw was at the hague
329
00:13:53,360 --> 00:13:58,160
the brilliance of the light
330
00:13:55,120 --> 00:14:00,720
the intensity of the color both real
331
00:13:58,160 --> 00:14:04,399
and utterly original
332
00:14:00,720 --> 00:14:04,399
i had to know who painted it
333
00:14:04,959 --> 00:14:09,600
he went to the margaret's house in the
334
00:14:07,519 --> 00:14:14,079
hague in 1842
335
00:14:09,600 --> 00:14:16,480
saw this huge panorama on delft and well
336
00:14:14,079 --> 00:14:18,880
he was blown away immediately by this
337
00:14:16,480 --> 00:14:21,440
incredible painting the view of delft is
338
00:14:18,880 --> 00:14:23,680
an amazing picture very beautifully
339
00:14:21,440 --> 00:14:25,279
painted i can see that it was a
340
00:14:23,680 --> 00:14:26,480
landscape which would certainly have
341
00:14:25,279 --> 00:14:29,199
appealed
342
00:14:26,480 --> 00:14:31,760
to people in the 19th century
343
00:14:29,199 --> 00:14:33,120
i searched every gallery in holland i
344
00:14:31,760 --> 00:14:35,680
knew everyone
345
00:14:33,120 --> 00:14:38,959
i found two more in private collections
346
00:14:35,680 --> 00:14:43,600
again simply astounding work
347
00:14:38,959 --> 00:14:45,199
this was art concerned with the real
348
00:14:43,600 --> 00:14:48,160
servants at work
349
00:14:45,199 --> 00:14:51,680
the town where he lived unadorned
350
00:14:48,160 --> 00:14:53,760
this was art for man
351
00:14:51,680 --> 00:14:55,760
he traveled all over the place and
352
00:14:53,760 --> 00:14:58,480
discovered new paintings the only thing
353
00:14:55,760 --> 00:15:01,120
i can get to know is by reading what he
354
00:14:58,480 --> 00:15:04,000
left us and it's almost a diary of his
355
00:15:01,120 --> 00:15:06,560
travels he drew up a list of works which
356
00:15:04,000 --> 00:15:10,480
he felt were by vermeer and identified
357
00:15:06,560 --> 00:15:11,839
quite a lot of them for the first time
358
00:15:10,480 --> 00:15:13,760
we had wondered what you got up to
359
00:15:11,839 --> 00:15:17,600
during your time away
360
00:15:13,760 --> 00:15:17,600
a mistress or two my brother thought
361
00:15:19,120 --> 00:15:22,560
we never thought you'd fallen in love
362
00:15:23,519 --> 00:15:28,800
love is selfish isaac i could not keep
363
00:15:26,959 --> 00:15:30,639
vermeer to myself
364
00:15:28,800 --> 00:15:34,560
in fact
365
00:15:30,639 --> 00:15:34,560
that was the reason i asked you here
366
00:15:35,910 --> 00:15:39,920
[Music]
367
00:15:37,519 --> 00:15:42,240
isaac pereira was a wealthy parisian
368
00:15:39,920 --> 00:15:44,000
financier and art collector
369
00:15:42,240 --> 00:15:46,160
toray hoped that he could convince
370
00:15:44,000 --> 00:15:48,639
pereira to purchase one of the vermeers
371
00:15:46,160 --> 00:15:51,600
he'd found
372
00:15:48,639 --> 00:15:55,040
it was 1866 and torrey was publishing
373
00:15:51,600 --> 00:15:57,279
his findings in the gazette de bozar
374
00:15:55,040 --> 00:15:59,519
this was for him like the starting point
375
00:15:57,279 --> 00:16:01,440
for like you have a remnant research
376
00:15:59,519 --> 00:16:03,440
project he had a vermeer research
377
00:16:01,440 --> 00:16:05,519
project and i think it took him the rest
378
00:16:03,440 --> 00:16:08,720
of his life to to do this
379
00:16:05,519 --> 00:16:11,519
he wrote an article in the gazette
380
00:16:08,720 --> 00:16:14,720
which is a kind of groundbreaking
381
00:16:11,519 --> 00:16:16,399
essay on vermeer his earth
382
00:16:14,720 --> 00:16:18,880
and his life
383
00:16:16,399 --> 00:16:20,880
1866 is sort of the key date he was
384
00:16:18,880 --> 00:16:23,440
published in the gazette the bazaar
385
00:16:20,880 --> 00:16:26,160
which increased everyone's awareness
386
00:16:23,440 --> 00:16:28,959
of him as an artist of um and of his
387
00:16:26,160 --> 00:16:30,720
works he really writes everything how he
388
00:16:28,959 --> 00:16:33,360
went to the hague how he saw the
389
00:16:30,720 --> 00:16:35,759
painting how he had never heard of van
390
00:16:33,360 --> 00:16:37,839
der meer de delft
391
00:16:35,759 --> 00:16:40,480
torrey had actually bought several
392
00:16:37,839 --> 00:16:42,399
vermeers for himself during his travels
393
00:16:40,480 --> 00:16:44,639
but he was hoping that pereira would
394
00:16:42,399 --> 00:16:48,070
purchase the geographer to help
395
00:16:44,639 --> 00:16:51,120
establish vermeer's name
396
00:16:48,070 --> 00:16:53,600
[Music]
397
00:16:51,120 --> 00:16:57,440
a vermeer in your collection would
398
00:16:53,600 --> 00:16:57,440
transform the way people think of him
399
00:16:57,759 --> 00:17:02,320
see how the scholar grips the book as if
400
00:16:59,920 --> 00:17:05,039
caught in the very moment of inspiration
401
00:17:02,320 --> 00:17:08,559
he doesn't want to let it go
402
00:17:05,039 --> 00:17:10,640
and his understanding of light isaac
403
00:17:08,559 --> 00:17:11,600
it is a very fine piece
404
00:17:10,640 --> 00:17:14,079
this
405
00:17:11,600 --> 00:17:16,160
doesn't do it justice
406
00:17:14,079 --> 00:17:19,839
the scholar's cloak is blue
407
00:17:16,160 --> 00:17:19,839
but the deepest blue you could imagine
408
00:17:20,079 --> 00:17:24,079
you must have it
409
00:17:21,520 --> 00:17:24,079
you must
410
00:17:25,600 --> 00:17:28,160
i'm sorry
411
00:17:31,120 --> 00:17:35,280
pereira would soon be persuaded though
412
00:17:33,520 --> 00:17:37,200
and vermeers would quickly become a
413
00:17:35,280 --> 00:17:39,100
must-have item for the world's
414
00:17:37,200 --> 00:17:40,559
wealthiest collectors
415
00:17:39,100 --> 00:17:42,799
[Music]
416
00:17:40,559 --> 00:17:45,679
was a very well-known collector you have
417
00:17:42,799 --> 00:17:48,880
the publication in the gazette de bozar
418
00:17:45,679 --> 00:17:51,360
so all the connoisseurs read that of
419
00:17:48,880 --> 00:17:53,600
course all the collectors read this and
420
00:17:51,360 --> 00:17:55,360
if there is a new discovery of a new
421
00:17:53,600 --> 00:17:57,360
name then of course everybody wants to
422
00:17:55,360 --> 00:18:01,400
own her vermeer and
423
00:17:57,360 --> 00:18:01,400
was no exception to that
424
00:18:01,440 --> 00:18:08,720
why don't you buy it yourself
425
00:18:04,559 --> 00:18:08,720
the old master has demanded much of me
426
00:18:10,160 --> 00:18:14,760
he needs new advocates now
427
00:18:15,520 --> 00:18:19,200
well he could have no finer ally
428
00:18:19,760 --> 00:18:25,120
and none more persuasive
429
00:18:22,790 --> 00:18:28,760
[Music]
430
00:18:25,120 --> 00:18:28,760
show it to me again
431
00:18:32,240 --> 00:18:37,039
it was thanks to tori that we really
432
00:18:35,039 --> 00:18:39,280
rediscovered vermeer and that sort of
433
00:18:37,039 --> 00:18:41,600
put him on the map if you like and then
434
00:18:39,280 --> 00:18:42,400
he became very collectible in the 20th
435
00:18:41,600 --> 00:18:44,000
century
436
00:18:42,400 --> 00:18:46,400
but of course at that time it was very
437
00:18:44,000 --> 00:18:48,799
hard to come by so these paintings were
438
00:18:46,400 --> 00:18:50,960
really expensive and we know that at
439
00:18:48,799 --> 00:18:54,160
that time even forgeries were made in
440
00:18:50,960 --> 00:18:54,160
the early 20th century
441
00:18:54,960 --> 00:19:00,160
forgeries had started to appear but real
442
00:18:57,520 --> 00:19:01,840
discoveries were still being made
443
00:19:00,160 --> 00:19:04,000
toray had identified many of the
444
00:19:01,840 --> 00:19:07,360
vermeers he found by the subtle and
445
00:19:04,000 --> 00:19:09,440
varying signatures that the artist used
446
00:19:07,360 --> 00:19:11,919
that signature was then found on two
447
00:19:09,440 --> 00:19:14,400
paintings in the early 20th century
448
00:19:11,919 --> 00:19:17,120
diana and her companions and christ in
449
00:19:14,400 --> 00:19:18,640
the house with mary and martha
450
00:19:17,120 --> 00:19:20,559
they were very different from most of
451
00:19:18,640 --> 00:19:22,799
his known works and if they didn't have
452
00:19:20,559 --> 00:19:26,400
signatures it's unlikely they would ever
453
00:19:22,799 --> 00:19:29,200
have been attributed to vermeer
454
00:19:26,400 --> 00:19:31,280
surprisingly vermeer's most famous work
455
00:19:29,200 --> 00:19:34,000
the girl with a pearl earring was not
456
00:19:31,280 --> 00:19:36,000
identified by torrey before he died in
457
00:19:34,000 --> 00:19:38,960
1869
458
00:19:36,000 --> 00:19:42,080
however it had not gone unnoticed by
459
00:19:38,960 --> 00:19:43,280
those who had seen it
460
00:19:42,080 --> 00:19:45,760
the girl of pearl earring is a
461
00:19:43,280 --> 00:19:48,320
fascinating story and as we know was was
462
00:19:45,760 --> 00:19:50,000
sold for like six gilders or something
463
00:19:48,320 --> 00:19:52,240
incredible
464
00:19:50,000 --> 00:19:54,320
actually it turns out it was more
465
00:19:52,240 --> 00:19:57,600
recognized at that time than you would
466
00:19:54,320 --> 00:20:00,799
think because it was from very early on
467
00:19:57,600 --> 00:20:02,240
really greatly admired by novelists
468
00:20:00,799 --> 00:20:04,000
these are actually novelists who are
469
00:20:02,240 --> 00:20:06,320
writing stories stories about traveling
470
00:20:04,000 --> 00:20:08,480
to the netherlands early on it was
471
00:20:06,320 --> 00:20:10,080
recognized and then slowly becomes
472
00:20:08,480 --> 00:20:12,400
written about among the art art
473
00:20:10,080 --> 00:20:14,240
historians of the world
474
00:20:12,400 --> 00:20:16,080
the art historians believed that there
475
00:20:14,240 --> 00:20:19,440
were still more vermeers to be found
476
00:20:16,080 --> 00:20:22,640
though especially from his early career
477
00:20:19,440 --> 00:20:25,600
and han van migran saw an opportunity
478
00:20:22,640 --> 00:20:27,600
his vermeer fakes made in the 1930s were
479
00:20:25,600 --> 00:20:29,520
hugely successful
480
00:20:27,600 --> 00:20:31,679
and his career as an art forger would
481
00:20:29,520 --> 00:20:36,000
have probably continued if he hadn't
482
00:20:31,679 --> 00:20:36,000
sold one of them to hermann goering
483
00:20:36,320 --> 00:20:42,080
sir
484
00:20:38,400 --> 00:20:42,080
going's mad he's been found
485
00:20:42,400 --> 00:20:47,400
has he talked yet i don't know sir
486
00:20:43,919 --> 00:20:47,400
that's all we have
487
00:20:47,700 --> 00:20:53,360
[Music]
488
00:20:50,799 --> 00:20:56,000
han van migran in a desperate attempt to
489
00:20:53,360 --> 00:20:58,720
save his own skin was about to send the
490
00:20:56,000 --> 00:21:00,320
art world into a panic when he revealed
491
00:20:58,720 --> 00:21:02,480
his deception
492
00:21:00,320 --> 00:21:04,880
he was put on trial where he had to
493
00:21:02,480 --> 00:21:07,520
prove himself guilty of forgery
494
00:21:04,880 --> 00:21:09,610
rather than face conviction of nazi
495
00:21:07,520 --> 00:21:18,880
collaboration
496
00:21:09,610 --> 00:21:21,360
[Music]
497
00:21:18,880 --> 00:21:23,360
when world war ii came to an end it was
498
00:21:21,360 --> 00:21:25,760
discovered that hitler had stashed away
499
00:21:23,360 --> 00:21:27,520
many priceless artworks for his own
500
00:21:25,760 --> 00:21:29,200
private collection
501
00:21:27,520 --> 00:21:31,760
he'd even managed to get hold of two
502
00:21:29,200 --> 00:21:34,799
vermeers including the astronomer and
503
00:21:31,760 --> 00:21:34,799
the art of painting
504
00:21:35,679 --> 00:21:40,080
hermann goering it seemed had also got
505
00:21:37,600 --> 00:21:44,679
hold of a vermeer and the trail led
506
00:21:40,080 --> 00:21:44,679
right back to han van migrant
507
00:21:48,480 --> 00:21:54,000
your german friend medal
508
00:21:50,880 --> 00:21:56,000
he's been arrested hiding in spain
509
00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:58,960
he's no friend of mine well he's had
510
00:21:56,000 --> 00:22:01,840
plenty to say about you
511
00:21:58,960 --> 00:22:02,720
van maker was accused of
512
00:22:01,840 --> 00:22:05,280
selling
513
00:22:02,720 --> 00:22:07,840
a painting to goring and
514
00:22:05,280 --> 00:22:09,600
collaborating with the nazis unusually
515
00:22:07,840 --> 00:22:11,120
for going he actually paid for it a
516
00:22:09,600 --> 00:22:12,400
relatively decent sum of money from an
517
00:22:11,120 --> 00:22:14,960
art dealer who
518
00:22:12,400 --> 00:22:16,480
either genuinely believed that it was a
519
00:22:14,960 --> 00:22:17,840
vermeer or must have been crapping his
520
00:22:16,480 --> 00:22:20,159
pants i mean really you know knowing
521
00:22:17,840 --> 00:22:22,559
that or selling a fake to
522
00:22:20,159 --> 00:22:25,280
to going isn't a very safe thing to do
523
00:22:22,559 --> 00:22:28,000
and in order to avoid that charge he
524
00:22:25,280 --> 00:22:29,679
said that he'd sold a fake so this is
525
00:22:28,000 --> 00:22:32,000
how the whole thing came out into the
526
00:22:29,679 --> 00:22:32,000
open
527
00:22:33,760 --> 00:22:38,640
he says that you came to him
528
00:22:36,720 --> 00:22:40,640
guring's art dealer
529
00:22:38,640 --> 00:22:42,720
with the sole purpose of doing business
530
00:22:40,640 --> 00:22:43,760
with the nazis that's a lie you'll swear
531
00:22:42,720 --> 00:22:48,080
to it
532
00:22:43,760 --> 00:22:48,080
isn't that right yes sir on oath
533
00:22:49,200 --> 00:22:53,280
he's lying
534
00:22:51,039 --> 00:22:56,080
no he isn't
535
00:22:53,280 --> 00:22:58,799
the simple fact mr vanmigren is we don't
536
00:22:56,080 --> 00:23:02,799
need to talk to you anymore
537
00:22:58,799 --> 00:23:02,799
this will convict you for collaboration
538
00:23:07,120 --> 00:23:10,320
though naturally any cooperation you
539
00:23:08,880 --> 00:23:13,600
might offer at this point would be
540
00:23:10,320 --> 00:23:15,679
considered when it came to sentencing
541
00:23:13,600 --> 00:23:18,240
where did you get the vermeers mr van
542
00:23:15,679 --> 00:23:18,240
meegeren
543
00:23:18,320 --> 00:23:24,370
where did you take them from
544
00:23:22,080 --> 00:23:27,440
helped you no one
545
00:23:24,370 --> 00:23:31,320
[Music]
546
00:23:27,440 --> 00:23:31,320
no one helped me
547
00:23:34,320 --> 00:23:39,039
[Music]
548
00:23:36,400 --> 00:23:39,039
i did it
549
00:23:41,039 --> 00:23:43,600
i painted
550
00:23:45,620 --> 00:23:48,790
[Music]
551
00:23:49,679 --> 00:23:52,640
i them them all
552
00:23:56,890 --> 00:24:06,000
[Music]
553
00:24:03,840 --> 00:24:08,000
being accused of forgery was a far
554
00:24:06,000 --> 00:24:09,279
lesser crime than collaboration with the
555
00:24:08,000 --> 00:24:11,440
nazis
556
00:24:09,279 --> 00:24:13,840
but van migrant would have to prove that
557
00:24:11,440 --> 00:24:16,720
these newly discovered vermeers were in
558
00:24:13,840 --> 00:24:16,720
fact fakes
559
00:24:17,440 --> 00:24:22,320
and so a trial was conducted where oddly
560
00:24:19,679 --> 00:24:24,490
van migrant had to prove himself guilty
561
00:24:22,320 --> 00:24:28,079
rather than innocent of a crime
562
00:24:24,490 --> 00:24:28,079
[Music]
563
00:24:28,240 --> 00:24:33,360
it seems astonishing to us now that we
564
00:24:30,240 --> 00:24:36,080
were fooled by the van maker and fakes
565
00:24:33,360 --> 00:24:39,039
but they were accepted by some of the
566
00:24:36,080 --> 00:24:41,600
the top experts in dutch art including
567
00:24:39,039 --> 00:24:43,919
bradys and
568
00:24:41,600 --> 00:24:46,720
once one or two experts had accepted the
569
00:24:43,919 --> 00:24:47,679
others seemed to the touch from achen
570
00:24:46,720 --> 00:24:51,120
used
571
00:24:47,679 --> 00:24:54,320
just not not to to to make something
572
00:24:51,120 --> 00:24:56,880
vermeers very famous for but making it
573
00:24:54,320 --> 00:24:58,880
look like it could be a vermeer
574
00:24:56,880 --> 00:25:01,279
people were so eager to to have those
575
00:24:58,880 --> 00:25:03,120
paintings
576
00:25:01,279 --> 00:25:05,760
it is not easy to admit when you be made
577
00:25:03,120 --> 00:25:05,760
a fool of
578
00:25:06,720 --> 00:25:12,400
you laid a trap for us mr van meegeren
579
00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:15,840
it was a clever one too
580
00:25:12,400 --> 00:25:15,840
we wanted to walk into it
581
00:25:15,919 --> 00:25:21,600
for your work seemed to give us the
582
00:25:18,640 --> 00:25:21,600
answer to a mystery
583
00:25:21,840 --> 00:25:26,880
they filled the chasm between early
584
00:25:23,760 --> 00:25:26,880
vermeers like this one
585
00:25:27,120 --> 00:25:32,960
and his mature masterpieces
586
00:25:30,400 --> 00:25:33,840
our search for truth and beauty blinded
587
00:25:32,960 --> 00:25:37,120
us
588
00:25:33,840 --> 00:25:38,640
and in the end we were all caught out
589
00:25:37,120 --> 00:25:40,480
it's a very clever thing which was that
590
00:25:38,640 --> 00:25:41,840
he he made vermeers that didn't look
591
00:25:40,480 --> 00:25:43,520
like vermeers and that was really
592
00:25:41,840 --> 00:25:44,960
sensible you know if you'd done girl
593
00:25:43,520 --> 00:25:46,159
with a pearl brooch
594
00:25:44,960 --> 00:25:49,360
you could have held it up next to go
595
00:25:46,159 --> 00:25:51,200
with the pillow and say i don't think so
596
00:25:49,360 --> 00:25:52,880
but in those days scholars believed that
597
00:25:51,200 --> 00:25:53,840
vermeer had studied in italy which he
598
00:25:52,880 --> 00:25:55,760
hadn't
599
00:25:53,840 --> 00:25:58,080
um and so what he did was he painted the
600
00:25:55,760 --> 00:26:00,720
caravaggio separate mess in the style of
601
00:25:58,080 --> 00:26:02,159
vermeer and every you know scholars
602
00:26:00,720 --> 00:26:03,440
who saw with their brains rather than
603
00:26:02,159 --> 00:26:04,799
their eyes thought oh well this
604
00:26:03,440 --> 00:26:07,279
obviously you know we can explain this
605
00:26:04,799 --> 00:26:09,279
like this and people were fooled i would
606
00:26:07,279 --> 00:26:12,559
like to begin my analysis if i may with
607
00:26:09,279 --> 00:26:12,559
the supper ademayas
608
00:26:16,640 --> 00:26:21,919
the pigment used by mr van meegeren
609
00:26:19,440 --> 00:26:24,799
although chemically identical is quite
610
00:26:21,919 --> 00:26:26,559
different when viewed under a microscope
611
00:26:24,799 --> 00:26:28,559
it's always easy to be wise after the
612
00:26:26,559 --> 00:26:30,320
event because when you do a fake there's
613
00:26:28,559 --> 00:26:33,520
something of your own time that goes
614
00:26:30,320 --> 00:26:36,720
into it and later on it looks wrong
615
00:26:33,520 --> 00:26:39,520
something that everybody wanted
616
00:26:36,720 --> 00:26:41,360
and you can wait so i'm still waiting
617
00:26:39,520 --> 00:26:42,400
for the self-portrait of vermeer to
618
00:26:41,360 --> 00:26:43,200
appear
619
00:26:42,400 --> 00:26:45,360
uh
620
00:26:43,200 --> 00:26:47,520
but you have to imagine at that point in
621
00:26:45,360 --> 00:26:49,520
time so there were a lot of monographs
622
00:26:47,520 --> 00:26:51,440
the documents had been published so
623
00:26:49,520 --> 00:26:53,440
everybody knew that there were more
624
00:26:51,440 --> 00:26:56,799
paintings they were different from the
625
00:26:53,440 --> 00:27:00,240
vimeos that we now know they were early
626
00:26:56,799 --> 00:27:03,200
religious works it was said so
627
00:27:00,240 --> 00:27:06,400
van maygren had tried to fill a hole in
628
00:27:03,200 --> 00:27:09,600
vermeer's career
629
00:27:06,400 --> 00:27:09,600
this black substance
630
00:27:10,320 --> 00:27:16,240
uh a dye of some sort
631
00:27:12,799 --> 00:27:21,279
imitating centuries accumulation of dirt
632
00:27:16,240 --> 00:27:23,919
was used to further the illusion of age
633
00:27:21,279 --> 00:27:26,240
it's wishful thinking it's something you
634
00:27:23,919 --> 00:27:28,399
really want a painting to be vermeer if
635
00:27:26,240 --> 00:27:30,720
you just want it you know it will be
636
00:27:28,399 --> 00:27:31,919
it's a brilliant con you really saw what
637
00:27:30,720 --> 00:27:33,919
scholars were like and they would just
638
00:27:31,919 --> 00:27:36,080
say yes you know we've long suspected
639
00:27:33,919 --> 00:27:37,679
there was there'd be italianate pictures
640
00:27:36,080 --> 00:27:38,399
and of course he was a catholic so you
641
00:27:37,679 --> 00:27:41,840
know
642
00:27:38,399 --> 00:27:44,720
here at last very clever forgery meaning
643
00:27:41,840 --> 00:27:46,399
an old canvas was used and acolyte was
644
00:27:44,720 --> 00:27:48,640
used so it really had to calculate you
645
00:27:46,399 --> 00:27:50,640
know the the calculate pattern that you
646
00:27:48,640 --> 00:27:52,240
see in old master paintings
647
00:27:50,640 --> 00:27:54,320
this x-ray
648
00:27:52,240 --> 00:27:56,159
reveals the remnants of the original
649
00:27:54,320 --> 00:27:58,559
painting below
650
00:27:56,159 --> 00:28:02,240
a priming layer with patches
651
00:27:58,559 --> 00:28:04,799
of lead white paint here
652
00:28:02,240 --> 00:28:04,799
and here
653
00:28:05,039 --> 00:28:08,720
i do think he was brilliant van maker
654
00:28:06,640 --> 00:28:10,559
and not a brilliant painter or brilliant
655
00:28:08,720 --> 00:28:12,320
i mean material forger but he was just a
656
00:28:10,559 --> 00:28:13,919
brilliant you know psychologist and of
657
00:28:12,320 --> 00:28:15,360
course the next van maker that comes
658
00:28:13,919 --> 00:28:17,039
along and doesn't look like a vermeer
659
00:28:15,360 --> 00:28:18,399
it's not going to be compared with
660
00:28:17,039 --> 00:28:21,279
viewfinder it's going to be compared
661
00:28:18,399 --> 00:28:22,960
with the last van maker and
662
00:28:21,279 --> 00:28:25,120
van meegeren was forced to paint a
663
00:28:22,960 --> 00:28:27,279
vermeer fake in front of reporters and
664
00:28:25,120 --> 00:28:31,640
court appointed witnesses to show
665
00:28:27,279 --> 00:28:31,640
exactly how it was done
666
00:28:37,679 --> 00:28:41,679
i must thank mr van meegeren
667
00:28:39,919 --> 00:28:44,679
for his cooperation throughout this
668
00:28:41,679 --> 00:28:44,679
process
669
00:28:44,720 --> 00:28:47,279
indeed
670
00:28:45,679 --> 00:28:50,799
i have never known a defendant so
671
00:28:47,279 --> 00:28:50,799
anxious to be found guilty
672
00:28:50,880 --> 00:28:55,360
it's very easy for us to think these
673
00:28:53,520 --> 00:28:58,080
people were foolish to think it is
674
00:28:55,360 --> 00:28:59,279
because it's a terrible painting i think
675
00:28:58,080 --> 00:29:01,600
many people
676
00:28:59,279 --> 00:29:03,919
know about formation but when you ask
677
00:29:01,600 --> 00:29:04,880
them the real story behind it they don't
678
00:29:03,919 --> 00:29:08,159
know
679
00:29:04,880 --> 00:29:09,279
you do admit to painting these works
680
00:29:08,159 --> 00:29:10,880
yes
681
00:29:09,279 --> 00:29:13,200
and selling them at the exorbitant
682
00:29:10,880 --> 00:29:15,120
prices charged
683
00:29:13,200 --> 00:29:18,240
if i'd have sold them cheaply everyone
684
00:29:15,120 --> 00:29:21,200
would have known they were fake
685
00:29:18,240 --> 00:29:23,440
everyone is interested in fakers so it
686
00:29:21,200 --> 00:29:25,440
does give one a certain notoriety and
687
00:29:23,440 --> 00:29:27,679
there is a great deal of interest in van
688
00:29:25,440 --> 00:29:31,120
maker and some people like to have his
689
00:29:27,679 --> 00:29:32,799
work just because of who he was
690
00:29:31,120 --> 00:29:35,919
so there is a certain admiration for
691
00:29:32,799 --> 00:29:37,840
someone who got away with it for so long
692
00:29:35,919 --> 00:29:39,520
what was it that made you continue after
693
00:29:37,840 --> 00:29:41,200
painting a mess
694
00:29:39,520 --> 00:29:43,919
you had made your money
695
00:29:41,200 --> 00:29:43,919
why go on
696
00:29:45,039 --> 00:29:47,679
it was the
697
00:29:48,000 --> 00:29:52,240
satisfaction of deceiving good men like
698
00:29:50,559 --> 00:29:55,840
dr corman's
699
00:29:52,240 --> 00:29:58,240
of swindling them
700
00:29:55,840 --> 00:30:02,080
the satisfaction
701
00:29:58,240 --> 00:30:04,720
of perfecting my technique
702
00:30:02,080 --> 00:30:06,799
i couldn't stop myself
703
00:30:04,720 --> 00:30:08,640
so money had no influence on your
704
00:30:06,799 --> 00:30:10,320
decision
705
00:30:08,640 --> 00:30:13,360
money
706
00:30:10,320 --> 00:30:15,520
has brought me nothing but misery
707
00:30:13,360 --> 00:30:17,360
of course he's also very damaging to
708
00:30:15,520 --> 00:30:19,679
vermeer's work and it's important to
709
00:30:17,360 --> 00:30:22,799
sort out what is the real vermeer and
710
00:30:19,679 --> 00:30:25,520
what are the fakes
711
00:30:22,799 --> 00:30:28,159
han van migran died soon after the trial
712
00:30:25,520 --> 00:30:30,240
was completed and before he served any
713
00:30:28,159 --> 00:30:32,720
time in prison
714
00:30:30,240 --> 00:30:35,039
the forgery scandal he created showed
715
00:30:32,720 --> 00:30:37,120
just how hard it's been to reclaim
716
00:30:35,039 --> 00:30:39,279
vermeer's legacy
717
00:30:37,120 --> 00:30:41,120
but in the decades that followed many of
718
00:30:39,279 --> 00:30:44,159
the genuine articles were lost to us
719
00:30:41,120 --> 00:30:45,200
once again in daring heists
720
00:30:44,159 --> 00:30:48,840
and one
721
00:30:45,200 --> 00:30:48,840
is still missing
722
00:30:55,120 --> 00:31:00,000
and van migran had forged numerous
723
00:30:57,519 --> 00:31:03,200
vermeers for over a decade
724
00:31:00,000 --> 00:31:04,880
his sensational trial in 1947 had proved
725
00:31:03,200 --> 00:31:08,000
an embarrassment for the scholars of
726
00:31:04,880 --> 00:31:10,320
vermeer who had fallen for his deception
727
00:31:08,000 --> 00:31:12,240
and as a result one painting called a
728
00:31:10,320 --> 00:31:13,919
young woman seated at the virginals
729
00:31:12,240 --> 00:31:16,880
which had been accepted as a vermeer
730
00:31:13,919 --> 00:31:19,360
since 1904 was suddenly labeled yet
731
00:31:16,880 --> 00:31:21,840
another forgery
732
00:31:19,360 --> 00:31:25,600
it was not until the 21st century that
733
00:31:21,840 --> 00:31:28,000
it started to be accepted once again
734
00:31:25,600 --> 00:31:30,080
well i think that is a premiere i didn't
735
00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:32,080
think so initially although not
736
00:31:30,080 --> 00:31:33,600
all of what one sees is by vermeer as
737
00:31:32,080 --> 00:31:35,120
far as i'm concerned there's been lots
738
00:31:33,600 --> 00:31:37,760
of technical analysis done in the
739
00:31:35,120 --> 00:31:40,320
painting uh and to the canvas
740
00:31:37,760 --> 00:31:42,720
and i think that strongly indicates i
741
00:31:40,320 --> 00:31:45,360
believe that is vermeer she has a large
742
00:31:42,720 --> 00:31:47,919
yellow cloak that covers upper part of
743
00:31:45,360 --> 00:31:49,919
her body you can see that the tin yellow
744
00:31:47,919 --> 00:31:51,760
underneath layer and that the modeling
745
00:31:49,919 --> 00:31:53,200
of the underneath layer seems to me
746
00:31:51,760 --> 00:31:55,519
appropriate for mirror where is the
747
00:31:53,200 --> 00:31:57,120
modeling on the upper layer not so i
748
00:31:55,519 --> 00:31:58,720
think that painting was reworked at a
749
00:31:57,120 --> 00:32:00,320
certain point for some reason some
750
00:31:58,720 --> 00:32:02,240
comments could be made on the quality of
751
00:32:00,320 --> 00:32:03,600
for example the depiction of our arms
752
00:32:02,240 --> 00:32:05,679
but scientifically i think it's been
753
00:32:03,600 --> 00:32:07,519
proven that it is part of his
754
00:32:05,679 --> 00:32:09,760
work yes
755
00:32:07,519 --> 00:32:11,519
the young woman seated at the virginals
756
00:32:09,760 --> 00:32:13,600
suddenly became the only remaining
757
00:32:11,519 --> 00:32:15,679
vermeer in private hands
758
00:32:13,600 --> 00:32:17,519
all the others had become part of museum
759
00:32:15,679 --> 00:32:19,440
or state collections
760
00:32:17,519 --> 00:32:21,120
and over the last few decades they've
761
00:32:19,440 --> 00:32:24,080
been the target of some of the most
762
00:32:21,120 --> 00:32:27,279
notorious art thefts in history
763
00:32:24,080 --> 00:32:29,440
in 1971 the love letter was taken from
764
00:32:27,279 --> 00:32:31,679
the fine arts palace in brussels where
765
00:32:29,440 --> 00:32:33,760
it was on temporary exhibition
766
00:32:31,679 --> 00:32:35,600
it was recovered two weeks later and
767
00:32:33,760 --> 00:32:38,480
returned to its home at the reichs
768
00:32:35,600 --> 00:32:40,240
museum in amsterdam
769
00:32:38,480 --> 00:32:43,279
another vermeer that was stolen in the
770
00:32:40,240 --> 00:32:44,960
1970s was the guitar player
771
00:32:43,279 --> 00:32:47,600
once owned by prime minister lord
772
00:32:44,960 --> 00:32:50,399
palmerston this later work of the artist
773
00:32:47,600 --> 00:32:53,760
was taken from kenwood house
774
00:32:50,399 --> 00:32:55,120
the guitar player was still in 1974
775
00:32:53,760 --> 00:32:57,679
kenwood house
776
00:32:55,120 --> 00:32:59,840
is an isolated house in hampstead heath
777
00:32:57,679 --> 00:33:01,760
so it was a bit vulnerable at that time
778
00:32:59,840 --> 00:33:04,080
the person broke in through the window
779
00:33:01,760 --> 00:33:06,159
through the shutters into this the room
780
00:33:04,080 --> 00:33:08,640
and stole the vermeer specifically
781
00:33:06,159 --> 00:33:10,799
ran off with it wasn't caught there was
782
00:33:08,640 --> 00:33:14,159
various theories there's been links made
783
00:33:10,799 --> 00:33:16,399
to ira and demands were made to transfer
784
00:33:14,159 --> 00:33:18,000
prisoners from a prison also there was a
785
00:33:16,399 --> 00:33:20,000
ransom note saying they're going to burn
786
00:33:18,000 --> 00:33:22,840
on saint patrick's night
787
00:33:20,000 --> 00:33:24,640
however it ended with an anonymous tip
788
00:33:22,840 --> 00:33:27,440
off
789
00:33:24,640 --> 00:33:30,720
it was later found abandoned in the
790
00:33:27,440 --> 00:33:32,960
churchyard in smithfield's in central
791
00:33:30,720 --> 00:33:34,640
london a helpful phone call ringling
792
00:33:32,960 --> 00:33:36,960
hello you don't know me but there's a
793
00:33:34,640 --> 00:33:38,640
there's a mirror in your church yard
794
00:33:36,960 --> 00:33:40,880
when i arrived here about quarter of an
795
00:33:38,640 --> 00:33:42,399
hour ago i found a lot of press here
796
00:33:40,880 --> 00:33:44,399
saying that the painting had been found
797
00:33:42,399 --> 00:33:46,159
and of course i was absolutely thrilled
798
00:33:44,399 --> 00:33:48,320
because it was so terrible if it ever
799
00:33:46,159 --> 00:33:49,519
been stolen really there it was propped
800
00:33:48,320 --> 00:33:52,960
up against a
801
00:33:49,519 --> 00:33:55,919
gravestone it was damp but relatively
802
00:33:52,960 --> 00:33:57,600
unharmed it has slightly suffered from
803
00:33:55,919 --> 00:33:59,440
the atmospheric conditions while it's
804
00:33:57,600 --> 00:34:02,640
been away from us and this is hardly
805
00:33:59,440 --> 00:34:05,200
surprising um a skilled restorer will
806
00:34:02,640 --> 00:34:07,679
have to see to the very slight cupping
807
00:34:05,200 --> 00:34:09,040
of the paint surface that has occurred
808
00:34:07,679 --> 00:34:10,399
i seem to recall that they stole some
809
00:34:09,040 --> 00:34:12,639
other pictures from kenwood and dumped
810
00:34:10,399 --> 00:34:14,639
them down by the lake and made off so
811
00:34:12,639 --> 00:34:16,399
leaving the things in wet grasses wasn't
812
00:34:14,639 --> 00:34:18,320
unusual for them obviously not a
813
00:34:16,399 --> 00:34:20,000
professional thief did it there's not
814
00:34:18,320 --> 00:34:22,240
much point in taking a picture and then
815
00:34:20,000 --> 00:34:24,800
just leave it in a church yard i should
816
00:34:22,240 --> 00:34:26,800
think possibly if anyone wanted to leave
817
00:34:24,800 --> 00:34:28,800
anything without being seen anywhere in
818
00:34:26,800 --> 00:34:30,079
the city of london at night it's rather
819
00:34:28,800 --> 00:34:31,679
good place because it's all very
820
00:34:30,079 --> 00:34:34,720
deserted and very few people live around
821
00:34:31,679 --> 00:34:37,520
here you see it's the only uh vermeer
822
00:34:34,720 --> 00:34:39,040
that is still on its original or very
823
00:34:37,520 --> 00:34:39,919
early stretcher
824
00:34:39,040 --> 00:34:41,919
so
825
00:34:39,919 --> 00:34:44,399
it is unique and it's very special and
826
00:34:41,919 --> 00:34:45,679
we have to take obviously extra extra
827
00:34:44,399 --> 00:34:47,679
care of it
828
00:34:45,679 --> 00:34:49,520
because it's quite fragile this picture
829
00:34:47,679 --> 00:34:52,159
was on its original 17th century
830
00:34:49,520 --> 00:34:54,560
stretcher and there's no mistaking that
831
00:34:52,159 --> 00:34:56,079
there's no mistaking the original wooden
832
00:34:54,560 --> 00:34:57,920
dowels around the
833
00:34:56,079 --> 00:35:00,160
edge of the canvas too they are of
834
00:34:57,920 --> 00:35:02,960
course are the pegs that vermeer put in
835
00:35:00,160 --> 00:35:05,280
today artists have used galvanized text
836
00:35:02,960 --> 00:35:07,040
so we can be absolutely certain it's
837
00:35:05,280 --> 00:35:11,520
amazing that this is you know still on
838
00:35:07,040 --> 00:35:13,520
its same stretcher from 1672.
839
00:35:11,520 --> 00:35:16,400
the same year as the guitar player was
840
00:35:13,520 --> 00:35:18,960
stolen yet another vermeer was taken the
841
00:35:16,400 --> 00:35:21,119
lady writing a letter with her maid
842
00:35:18,960 --> 00:35:24,480
it's the only vermeer in ireland and had
843
00:35:21,119 --> 00:35:26,800
to endure a second theft in the 1980s
844
00:35:24,480 --> 00:35:29,119
the lady writing letter with a maid was
845
00:35:26,800 --> 00:35:31,040
stolen in ireland
846
00:35:29,119 --> 00:35:33,359
in the 1970s
847
00:35:31,040 --> 00:35:34,880
and the ira was involved that was at the
848
00:35:33,359 --> 00:35:37,680
height of the troubles
849
00:35:34,880 --> 00:35:40,320
that was also recovered it was stellar
850
00:35:37,680 --> 00:35:42,240
from raspberry house outside dublin
851
00:35:40,320 --> 00:35:44,720
there was a wonderful sort of figure of
852
00:35:42,240 --> 00:35:46,400
my childhood called dr rose dugdale who
853
00:35:44,720 --> 00:35:49,040
was a sort of debutant
854
00:35:46,400 --> 00:35:50,560
a turned ira terrorist who um you know
855
00:35:49,040 --> 00:35:52,240
she stole it first and they found it
856
00:35:50,560 --> 00:35:54,400
about a week later i think it's unfair
857
00:35:52,240 --> 00:35:56,320
to say the ira was responsible no at the
858
00:35:54,400 --> 00:35:58,160
time bridget rose dugdale and her
859
00:35:56,320 --> 00:35:59,280
boyfriend eddie gallaher were not just
860
00:35:58,160 --> 00:36:01,680
irish nationalists but they were
861
00:35:59,280 --> 00:36:02,720
paramilitary sympathizers their big idea
862
00:36:01,680 --> 00:36:04,079
was to
863
00:36:02,720 --> 00:36:05,599
get these things and then hold them to
864
00:36:04,079 --> 00:36:07,760
ransom as much as you can establish a
865
00:36:05,599 --> 00:36:09,680
motive for the theft of those paintings
866
00:36:07,760 --> 00:36:11,599
both in kenwood and at raspberry the
867
00:36:09,680 --> 00:36:15,280
painting was stolen the second time in
868
00:36:11,599 --> 00:36:18,079
the 1980s by a criminal from
869
00:36:15,280 --> 00:36:20,480
northern ireland and it was recovered in
870
00:36:18,079 --> 00:36:22,320
antwerp the painting is back and now at
871
00:36:20,480 --> 00:36:24,000
the national gallery of ireland in
872
00:36:22,320 --> 00:36:26,320
dublin
873
00:36:24,000 --> 00:36:27,920
fortunately all these stolen vermeers
874
00:36:26,320 --> 00:36:29,040
have been returned to their rightful
875
00:36:27,920 --> 00:36:32,400
homes
876
00:36:29,040 --> 00:36:34,320
but one is still missing the concert
877
00:36:32,400 --> 00:36:36,800
this was taken from the isabella stewart
878
00:36:34,320 --> 00:36:38,160
gardner museum in boston along with a
879
00:36:36,800 --> 00:36:40,400
painting by one of vermeer's
880
00:36:38,160 --> 00:36:42,640
contemporaries rembrandt
881
00:36:40,400 --> 00:36:43,760
in one of the most daring art thefts of
882
00:36:42,640 --> 00:36:47,839
all time
883
00:36:43,760 --> 00:36:49,920
the concert was taken in 1990 along uh
884
00:36:47,839 --> 00:36:51,680
with rembrandt and a number of other
885
00:36:49,920 --> 00:36:53,440
important works from the
886
00:36:51,680 --> 00:36:54,720
isabelle stewart gardner museum in
887
00:36:53,440 --> 00:36:57,280
boston
888
00:36:54,720 --> 00:37:00,240
on the night of st patrick's day 1990
889
00:36:57,280 --> 00:37:01,839
two boston police department cops turned
890
00:37:00,240 --> 00:37:04,160
up at the museum banged on the door the
891
00:37:01,839 --> 00:37:06,000
guys walked in produced a gun tied up
892
00:37:04,160 --> 00:37:07,359
the two guards then spent several hours
893
00:37:06,000 --> 00:37:09,599
in the museum
894
00:37:07,359 --> 00:37:11,680
deciding what to take certainly the
895
00:37:09,599 --> 00:37:13,440
concert of him there
896
00:37:11,680 --> 00:37:15,359
and also rembrandt's storm on the sea of
897
00:37:13,440 --> 00:37:17,440
galilee are two exceptionally valuable
898
00:37:15,359 --> 00:37:19,040
paintings taken away in
899
00:37:17,440 --> 00:37:21,280
over a matter of hours
900
00:37:19,040 --> 00:37:23,440
and they haven't been seen since most
901
00:37:21,280 --> 00:37:26,160
important works that are stolen do
902
00:37:23,440 --> 00:37:28,720
eventually turn up but this one is now
903
00:37:26,160 --> 00:37:30,480
20 or more years ago
904
00:37:28,720 --> 00:37:32,240
but the hunt is still on
905
00:37:30,480 --> 00:37:36,400
the problem has been
906
00:37:32,240 --> 00:37:38,000
that the fbi have gone down one road
907
00:37:36,400 --> 00:37:40,079
and i think there were other roads to go
908
00:37:38,000 --> 00:37:42,079
down
909
00:37:40,079 --> 00:37:44,880
for years the theft has been linked to
910
00:37:42,079 --> 00:37:47,040
james whitey bulger a notorious figure
911
00:37:44,880 --> 00:37:50,839
in boston organized crime who was
912
00:37:47,040 --> 00:37:50,839
captured in 2011.
913
00:37:50,880 --> 00:37:56,240
the whitey bulger story is the story he
914
00:37:53,040 --> 00:37:58,240
was the kingpin i cannot see how
915
00:37:56,240 --> 00:38:00,480
it's possible that whitey did not have
916
00:37:58,240 --> 00:38:02,240
either at the time or certainly soon
917
00:38:00,480 --> 00:38:03,200
afterwards some connection to those
918
00:38:02,240 --> 00:38:05,520
paintings
919
00:38:03,200 --> 00:38:07,599
however to be fair to the fbi there is
920
00:38:05,520 --> 00:38:09,280
no hard evidence of that well i've been
921
00:38:07,599 --> 00:38:10,560
very lucky that i've actually studied
922
00:38:09,280 --> 00:38:12,800
every vermeer in the world under the
923
00:38:10,560 --> 00:38:15,520
microscope i've seen it out of the frame
924
00:38:12,800 --> 00:38:17,040
and the concert i spent two days with in
925
00:38:15,520 --> 00:38:18,880
that way and i still have all these
926
00:38:17,040 --> 00:38:22,160
slides of the painting and all the kind
927
00:38:18,880 --> 00:38:24,400
of uh little magical ways in which these
928
00:38:22,160 --> 00:38:27,040
colored highlights and it's always a
929
00:38:24,400 --> 00:38:28,880
huge loss that i still feel i hope it
930
00:38:27,040 --> 00:38:31,200
will come back i hope it will come back
931
00:38:28,880 --> 00:38:33,119
because for the museum it's very sad
932
00:38:31,200 --> 00:38:34,480
that you don't have the work itself
933
00:38:33,119 --> 00:38:37,119
anymore
934
00:38:34,480 --> 00:38:38,960
the hunt for the concert goes on but
935
00:38:37,119 --> 00:38:41,200
it's not the only missing vermeer that
936
00:38:38,960 --> 00:38:43,440
could be out there vermeer died in
937
00:38:41,200 --> 00:38:46,560
poverty and most of his works were later
938
00:38:43,440 --> 00:38:50,160
auctioned off in a 1696 sale of a man
939
00:38:46,560 --> 00:38:52,640
called jacob disius who had inherited 21
940
00:38:50,160 --> 00:38:54,800
of vermeer's paintings some of the works
941
00:38:52,640 --> 00:38:56,880
listed in the auction catalogue hadn't
942
00:38:54,800 --> 00:38:59,680
been found yet and include another
943
00:38:56,880 --> 00:39:01,040
little street and even a self-portrait
944
00:38:59,680 --> 00:39:02,800
of the artist
945
00:39:01,040 --> 00:39:04,560
i'm still looking
946
00:39:02,800 --> 00:39:06,480
for the self-portrait that he made
947
00:39:04,560 --> 00:39:08,800
because it is documented that he made
948
00:39:06,480 --> 00:39:10,400
one and we know there was a second
949
00:39:08,800 --> 00:39:11,680
little street like the painting in the
950
00:39:10,400 --> 00:39:12,560
rights museum
951
00:39:11,680 --> 00:39:14,880
so
952
00:39:12,560 --> 00:39:16,880
maybe paintings will turn up but it's
953
00:39:14,880 --> 00:39:19,359
not really the largest production it
954
00:39:16,880 --> 00:39:21,599
would be absolutely incredible i mean if
955
00:39:19,359 --> 00:39:23,760
we would be able to find one of these
956
00:39:21,599 --> 00:39:27,280
paintings that have been mentioned in
957
00:39:23,760 --> 00:39:30,800
the this year's sale in 1696 already but
958
00:39:27,280 --> 00:39:30,800
have completely disappeared
959
00:39:30,880 --> 00:39:34,800
one painting that wasn't listed in the
960
00:39:32,720 --> 00:39:37,040
this year's sale but has been attributed
961
00:39:34,800 --> 00:39:38,480
to vermeer for a while is the saint
962
00:39:37,040 --> 00:39:41,599
proxidus
963
00:39:38,480 --> 00:39:43,599
in 2014 christie's in london auctioned
964
00:39:41,599 --> 00:39:45,359
the painting after announcing that
965
00:39:43,599 --> 00:39:47,920
technical analysis carried out at the
966
00:39:45,359 --> 00:39:50,960
reichs museum strengthened the case that
967
00:39:47,920 --> 00:39:53,200
this is a genuine vermeer thank you we
968
00:39:50,960 --> 00:39:54,640
move on to lot 39
969
00:39:53,200 --> 00:39:57,599
please know that there is additional
970
00:39:54,640 --> 00:40:00,720
literature that's been posted throughout
971
00:39:57,599 --> 00:40:03,040
the view lot 39 the vermeer
972
00:40:00,720 --> 00:40:04,880
it may even be his earliest known work
973
00:40:03,040 --> 00:40:07,200
as the lead isotope tests on the white
974
00:40:04,880 --> 00:40:09,760
paint of the saint proxidus indicate
975
00:40:07,200 --> 00:40:12,319
that the exact same batch of white paint
976
00:40:09,760 --> 00:40:14,720
may have been used on both this painting
977
00:40:12,319 --> 00:40:16,319
and diana and her companions
978
00:40:14,720 --> 00:40:18,720
i actually did see that painting it was
979
00:40:16,319 --> 00:40:19,599
an exhibition in rome i think two years
980
00:40:18,720 --> 00:40:21,119
ago
981
00:40:19,599 --> 00:40:23,760
and it's a very
982
00:40:21,119 --> 00:40:26,640
difficult painting to attribute because
983
00:40:23,760 --> 00:40:29,200
this praxed is saint
984
00:40:26,640 --> 00:40:31,599
she is depicted by felicia figuerelli an
985
00:40:29,200 --> 00:40:33,200
italian painter and then there is a copy
986
00:40:31,599 --> 00:40:35,359
after that painting and it's very
987
00:40:33,200 --> 00:40:36,880
difficult if there is a copy like who
988
00:40:35,359 --> 00:40:40,319
made this copy
989
00:40:36,880 --> 00:40:42,319
the saint praxis picture is very unusual
990
00:40:40,319 --> 00:40:43,920
um there's a signature on it which is
991
00:40:42,319 --> 00:40:47,280
thought to be
992
00:40:43,920 --> 00:40:49,520
vermeers and it appears to be a copy of
993
00:40:47,280 --> 00:40:51,599
an italian painting and there is one
994
00:40:49,520 --> 00:40:54,079
scholar in america arthur wheelock who
995
00:40:51,599 --> 00:40:56,960
believes that it's an authentic vermeer
996
00:40:54,079 --> 00:40:58,640
i feel very strongly it is by vermeer
997
00:40:56,960 --> 00:41:00,079
and
998
00:40:58,640 --> 00:41:02,960
and i've had the opportunity to study
999
00:41:00,079 --> 00:41:05,359
that one very closely and also to see it
1000
00:41:02,960 --> 00:41:07,200
together with the figarelli painting and
1001
00:41:05,359 --> 00:41:09,680
they're to me they're entirely different
1002
00:41:07,200 --> 00:41:11,680
and a very different character one very
1003
00:41:09,680 --> 00:41:13,520
much a dutch painting and one
1004
00:41:11,680 --> 00:41:15,359
very much italian painting
1005
00:41:13,520 --> 00:41:18,079
and there's a lot of elements of the
1006
00:41:15,359 --> 00:41:20,720
same proxis that are consistent with
1007
00:41:18,079 --> 00:41:22,560
early vermeer the complicated thing
1008
00:41:20,720 --> 00:41:24,240
obviously is based on another painting
1009
00:41:22,560 --> 00:41:26,480
um and so
1010
00:41:24,240 --> 00:41:29,200
many of the elements of it are
1011
00:41:26,480 --> 00:41:30,640
have this italian quality that people
1012
00:41:29,200 --> 00:41:32,480
aren't comfortable with in vermeer's
1013
00:41:30,640 --> 00:41:36,319
world we're still hoping there will be
1014
00:41:32,480 --> 00:41:38,480
more vermeers and and then there is also
1015
00:41:36,319 --> 00:41:40,800
the thing is it real for me or not
1016
00:41:38,480 --> 00:41:41,920
because that's everyone every time a
1017
00:41:40,800 --> 00:41:44,000
vermeer
1018
00:41:41,920 --> 00:41:46,800
pops up or
1019
00:41:44,000 --> 00:41:48,240
yeah you'll get those questions
1020
00:41:46,800 --> 00:41:49,599
at three million three million two
1021
00:41:48,240 --> 00:41:50,960
hundred thousand
1022
00:41:49,599 --> 00:41:53,280
three million five hundred thousand
1023
00:41:50,960 --> 00:41:55,119
three million eight hundred thousand now
1024
00:41:53,280 --> 00:41:58,240
at three million eight yes four million
1025
00:41:55,119 --> 00:41:59,359
we have no other copies of paintings by
1026
00:41:58,240 --> 00:42:02,240
vermeer
1027
00:41:59,359 --> 00:42:03,599
so this will be unique if it is a
1028
00:42:02,240 --> 00:42:05,680
full-size
1029
00:42:03,599 --> 00:42:07,119
copy of a painting four million two
1030
00:42:05,680 --> 00:42:08,480
hundred thousand yes four million five
1031
00:42:07,119 --> 00:42:10,000
hundred thousand four million eight
1032
00:42:08,480 --> 00:42:12,079
hundred thousand
1033
00:42:10,000 --> 00:42:14,160
at four million eight hundred thousand
1034
00:42:12,079 --> 00:42:15,920
parts it's unclear as to why he would
1035
00:42:14,160 --> 00:42:18,880
have wanted to copy this particular
1036
00:42:15,920 --> 00:42:21,839
painting and stylistically
1037
00:42:18,880 --> 00:42:24,400
it's been questioned as whether it's
1038
00:42:21,839 --> 00:42:28,079
consistent with vermeer's work
1039
00:42:24,400 --> 00:42:30,880
five million five hundred thousand
1040
00:42:28,079 --> 00:42:32,560
pounds last chance
1041
00:42:30,880 --> 00:42:35,350
so thank you for five million five
1042
00:42:32,560 --> 00:42:36,960
hundred thousand
1043
00:42:35,350 --> 00:42:38,560
[Music]
1044
00:42:36,960 --> 00:42:40,960
just like the lady seated at the
1045
00:42:38,560 --> 00:42:43,200
virginals scientific tests seem to be
1046
00:42:40,960 --> 00:42:44,480
bringing another painting back into his
1047
00:42:43,200 --> 00:42:46,079
cannon
1048
00:42:44,480 --> 00:42:48,800
it's been quite a battle trying to
1049
00:42:46,079 --> 00:42:50,400
rescue the legacy of johannes vermeer
1050
00:42:48,800 --> 00:42:52,319
arguments will continue over the
1051
00:42:50,400 --> 00:42:55,040
attribution of some of the paintings
1052
00:42:52,319 --> 00:42:57,680
including the unique saint proxidas
1053
00:42:55,040 --> 00:43:00,160
but even if no new vermeers do turn up
1054
00:42:57,680 --> 00:43:03,040
the few paintings we do have continue to
1055
00:43:00,160 --> 00:43:06,000
entrance people all across the globe
1056
00:43:03,040 --> 00:43:07,680
the mystery of vermeer goes on
1057
00:43:06,000 --> 00:43:09,520
there's always a chance that something
1058
00:43:07,680 --> 00:43:11,599
might emerge i think it's a little bit
1059
00:43:09,520 --> 00:43:13,440
unlikely at this stage because he's been
1060
00:43:11,599 --> 00:43:15,839
famous for 100 years
1061
00:43:13,440 --> 00:43:17,520
but who knows something might emerge i
1062
00:43:15,839 --> 00:43:19,440
mean you can hope but he's so well known
1063
00:43:17,520 --> 00:43:21,599
now that i'd be surprised if something
1064
00:43:19,440 --> 00:43:22,880
came up new and it wasn't already known
1065
00:43:21,599 --> 00:43:25,040
but you never know in a private
1066
00:43:22,880 --> 00:43:27,440
collection it may appear in future years
1067
00:43:25,040 --> 00:43:30,000
today one of the real absolute stars of
1068
00:43:27,440 --> 00:43:31,359
what the dutch golden age in painting
1069
00:43:30,000 --> 00:43:34,160
was
1070
00:43:31,359 --> 00:43:36,480
but also a painter with a very tiny
1071
00:43:34,160 --> 00:43:39,119
little earther once you see a vermeer
1072
00:43:36,480 --> 00:43:41,040
you never forget it and you never forget
1073
00:43:39,119 --> 00:43:42,319
where you saw it the milk made where you
1074
00:43:41,040 --> 00:43:43,839
see the view of delft do you see the
1075
00:43:42,319 --> 00:43:44,960
girl the pool earring or you see the
1076
00:43:43,839 --> 00:43:46,400
woman of the balance the national
1077
00:43:44,960 --> 00:43:49,280
gallery the woman blew i mean you name
1078
00:43:46,400 --> 00:43:51,280
it it's magical to watch the power of
1079
00:43:49,280 --> 00:43:55,810
this artist but the most important thing
1080
00:43:51,280 --> 00:44:34,630
is they are all such distinctive images
1081
00:43:55,810 --> 00:44:34,630
[Music]
1082
00:44:38,160 --> 00:44:40,240
you
77076
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