All language subtitles for The.Woman.Who.Loves.Giraffes.2018.

Announcer:
What is your name, please?

My name is Anne dagg.

My name is Anne dagg.

My name is Anne dagg.

Announcer: I, Anne dagg, am a
university lecturer in zoology

and an expert on the giraffe.

I gained my knowledge
of the world's tallest animal

at first-hand by studying the
giraffe in its natural habitat.

The London zoological
society published my findings

as a unique scientific record
of the behaviour of the giraffe.

Can these young ladies all claim
to be Anne dagg, giraffe expert?

And we'll start this
cross-examination, if we may,

with Peggy cass.

Uh, number one, how come you
decided to study the giraffe?

I always liked animals and
the giraffes fascinated me

when I was a child
and went to the zoo.

Number two,
where did you study the giraffe?

In Stockholm.

Man: Number three, is the
giraffe monogamous?

Does the male giraffe look
around at the lady giraffes,

or does he settle down?

Uh, no, he's not monogamous.

He's not monogamous?
This gets good, oh!

Announcer: Take your ballets and
Mark them, if you will please,

for number one,
number two or number three.

Man: Anne actually
went to South Africa

to begin her studies of giraffe

before Jane
goodall got to Africa

to study the chimpanzees.

She wasn't only
a pioneering scientist

looking at animals in the wild,

but she was fighting
all kinds of odds as a woman.

It takes an explorer's heart

to be willing to
set off like that,

to go and study
animals in Africa, in the 1950s,

as a single woman
travelling the continent herself

in her little rickety car.

This was a different world then.

There wasn't the infrastructure,
there were no mobile phones,

there was nothing.

She did the
ground-breaking stuff.

But ironically,
Anne has slipped under the radar

and doesn't attract the
attention that she deserves.

Male panel member:
I voted for number one.

Well, I voted for number one.

Man: Well, I voted for
number one as well.

Woman: I voted for one.

I think she looks
like the scholarly type.

Show announcer:
Let's find out at once

which one of these ladies,
in truth, is the giraffe expert.

Will the real
Anne dagg please stand up?

Anne: If you'd never seen a
giraffe before, I guess,

and came upon your
first one, you'd be amazed,

because it doesn't look like any
other animal in the whole world.

It has this lovely long, long
neck, and a long black tongue,

a lovely long tail
and then this beautiful head,

and two little
ossicones, they're called,

but people call them horns.

Aren't they curious?

Other animals
aren't curious like that.

Woman: We're at brookfield zoo

for the international
giraffid conference.

The importance of being here
is that this is where Anne dagg

first started
her interest in giraffe.

Man: If you're working on
giraffes, she was the pioneer.

Anne wrote the textbook.

Especially when
I was doing my masters.

She was essential reading.

But outside our tight community
of giraffe conservationists,

giraffe researchers,
her work is very little known.

Anne was the first
person to go to Africa

to study the
behaviour of a wild animal.

In fact, with the exception
of a red deer study in Scotland,

she was the first
person to study the behaviour

of a wild animal
anywhere in the world.

Anne's own inspiration
was here at the brookfield zoo.

Anne: When I was about three,

my mother took me to
the brookfield zoo in Chicago

and there were giraffe there.

I was very small, obviously,
and they were very tall,

and I just thought,
"these are magnificent.”

"I love these animals."

My love affair
began right then, age three.

Young Anne: "August 2nd, 1956."

"Dear mommy,

today was my
first sight and feel of Africa."

"When I stepped
on the immortal soil,

I felt just as excited as
when I saw my first giraffe."

"It shows what
a great moment it was."

Here's this
20-something year-old girl

who gets out of
college and goes by herself

to South Africa at the
beginning of the apartheid,

in a time when women
didn't do anything like that

and didn't care what the
society accepted things were,

and she just pushed through,

and she was gonna do
it because she wanted to.

Young Anne: "As we drove,
I could hardly believe

I was about to
see my first wild giraffe."

"This was the moment I'd been
waiting for my whole life."

Lisa: Oh, giraffe!

John: Wow.

Anne: Oh, heavens, that's great.
You forget how tall they are.

John: He's the first one

that I learned to recognize
individually.

Lisa: Oh, really?

How funny that he should
be the first one we see.

Yeah.

Oh.

Oh, look at him standing
there, the way he's posing.

John: Yeah.

Anne: Oh, he's so beautiful.

John: Anne, if you look with
your camera now,

at the base of his neck,
you can see the trident, yeah.

A trident looking like what?
Like a toasting fork.

Okay. Oh.
That's how he gets his nickname.

John: So, they each have a
nickname and a real name.

The nickname
just helps us remember.

Young Anne: "August 25th, 1956."

"Life is as wonderful as ever,

and I am only a little
apprehensive about snakes."

"When stalking giraffe,

I will have to
decide between walking loudly

to scare off the
snakes and walking softly

to not scare the giraffe."

"In this case,

I think the interest of
the giraffe will come second.”

John: You see, he has no tail.
It was bitten off by a lion.

Anne: Well, he's got a tail.
It's just missing the tassel.

John: Yes, that's right.
You know when they run,

especially when they
run from a predator,

they coil the tail
up over their backs.

Anne: Yeah, yeah.

I'm sure it's to avoid
just that, you know?

Anne: Oh, dear. As you know,

they're supposed to live for
maybe 25 years, aren't they?

Which is pretty rare.

In the wild. Yeah.

John: Yes, we're always worried
that he's died, aren't we?

Man: Yeah.

John: Because he's so old.

Anne: It would be sad to be
a lonely male, no friends.

I don't know. I quite enjoy it.

Anne: When I went to school,

if there were a
chance to give a little speech,

I would be talking about giraffe
and how they lived in Africa.

I'd asked my parents for
a book about the giraffe,

and they said, well,
there wasn't such a thing.

When I got to
university, I thought,

"well, at last, now we'll
maybe learn about giraffe,"

but we never learned
about giraffe there, either,

because, actually, there was
very little known about them.

When I was graduating, I knew
I wanted to go to Africa now

and see giraffe
in their wild place.

I was 23 and I'd been thinking
for 20 years about going,

and I just had to do it.

Young man: "July 10th, 1956."

"Dear Anne,

I received your letter today and
I am answering it immediately.”

"Certainly, you have
Africa in your blood now

and you won't be
satisfied until you see it,

but I still mean what
I said by riverdale zoo."

Anne:
I met LAN at the tennis courts.

He... he played tennis
and I played tennis,

that's how we got together.

I said I was going to go to
Africa for the year and he said,

"why don't we
get married instead?"

I didn't know,
really, what to do,

but I went to
my mother and she said,

"you've always
wanted to see giraffe."

"If you got married now,
you probably never would."

And I agreed with her, so
I told LAN we'd have to wait,

and if he waited,
then we could get married.

And if he didn't
wait, then we wouldn't.

Ian: "Dear Anne, it probably
is wise to follow advice

and put off marriage
thoughts for a while."

"Let's think on it and hope that
you get to Africa and back."

"Such a dream to visit
should not go unsatisfied."

"Love, LAN.”

To go to Africa, I'd have to
play... find a place to stay

and somewhere near
where there were giraffe

that I could watch every day

'cause I was
interested in their behaviour.

So I started to write to
people, anyone I could think of.

I would write to
the wildlife department

in each of the countries
that I knew had giraffe.

I wrote to l.S.B. Leakey,

who eventually helped Jane
goodall study the chimpanzees.

He was very kind.

He actually sent
me three different letters.

And there just
wasn't really a place in Kenya

that I could study giraffe.

Altogether, I'd have wrote 13
letters to wildlife departments

in each of the countries
that I knew had giraffe.

All of them came back and said,

"I'm afraid there
is no such place.”

"No one is interested."

One of them said, "well,
I think this wouldn't be good

for a young woman to be alone."

I thought, "oh, maybe it's
'cause I'm a woman

that they're saying all this."

So then I
started to use my initials

so they wouldn't
know I was a woman

and could have been
Andrew or some other a.

Then a man called Mr. Matthew,
who was manager of a ranch

near the kruger national
park in South Africa, said,

"you can come and
you can bunk in with the males.”

"We have accommodations
here for single men

which are
equipped with electric light,

hot and cold running water, and
are virtually free of malaria.”

And I remember my mother saying,

"wait a minute, you
can't bunk in with the cowmen."

And then I had
to write, of course,

and tell him I actually
wasn't a man, I was a woman.

Mr. Matthew: "Dear miss innis,

when I received an application
from a Canadian student,

I not unnaturally
thought it meant a male student

and an offer was made
on this misunderstanding.”

"It would hardly
do for an old man of 57

to have a strange
young woman into his household

without a chaperon.”

I was already part
way to Africa at that point,

so I was really desperate.

I sent him another letter
and said I just had to come.

"Please, let me come.”

So finally, he said yes.

I was so excited.

Yes, he said yes.

Young Anne: July 25th, 1956,

"dear LAN, the arundel
castle is a super ship.

"It has oodles of deck space

"and even
an open-air swimming pool.

"Li have been talking to an
African boy at great length

"and we have
been exchanging books.

"At least three
whites have come up to me

"and expressed
their disapproval.

"They say that I will soon
lose my idealism when we land

"and see the
African for what he is.

"Yipe!

"1 will write often

"so that you will get
a good idea of South Africa.

"I wish you were
coming too and were here now

"so that I would have
someone to lie in the sun with.

"Look after
yourself and write back.

"Much love, Anne.”

Anne's mother: "Dearest Anne,
your letters enthral us all.

"Now, I have one
serious thing to say.

"Please, promise me
that you will let me know

when you need money.

"Li won't worry about you at all
if I know you will do that,

"for you obviously have
judgement

"and courage and intelligence
enough for anything.

"With dearest love, mother.”

Young Anne: "Dear best
of all possible mothers.

"Li am now the proud owner of a
second-hand car called camelo,

"after camelopardalis,
the original giraffe.

"It is a Ford
prefect, which cost £200."

Anne: There are no busses
and there are no trains

to this place in the transvaal,

and I set off to drive a
thousand miles to Fleur de lys,

which was
where Mr. Matthew lived.

I was driving 12
hours a day pretty well

and it ran out of water,

so I had to stop every 20
minutes and pour water into it.

I remember, I came up
behind a truck full of workers

and they were all looking at me.

And I guess it's very
unusual to see a white woman

all by herself
in a tiny little car.

Young Anne: "I drove the last 80
miles to klaserie in the dark."

"On most of the hills,
there were grass fires burning

"and the orange flames showed
plainly against the black sky.

"The road got
progressively worse

"until it was only a dirt
track full of washboards.

"About 5 miles from the farm,

camelo stopped
and refused to start.”

"I put some clothes in my
knapsack, locked the car,

and started to walk."

Anne: I was just scared stiff
and there was no moon.

It was incredibly dark, so I
was inching along the highway,

knowing in a few
hours I would get there

if somebody
didn't get me, like a lion.

Snakes, which were
very deadly, were about,

and I had to go very slowly

because I
couldn't really see my feet.

All the time, I was thinking,

"this is the most scary
thing I hope I ever do.”

And then about maybe an hour,

a car drove up
and I immediately flagged it,

and it turned out
to be someone from the ranch.

They said, "you must
be the Canadian girl."

And I said, "yes, yes!”

And they took
me and I got there.

Young Anne: "My dear LAN,

I finally met Mr. Matthew."

"He is a super-type person,

and tonight he is taking us
to see my first wild giraffe."

The farm is called Fleur de lys

and has 20,000 acres
for citrus and cattle farming,

and has 200
giraffe roaming around,

as well as zebra,
wildebeest and impala.”

"Mr. Matthew said he'd
take me down a few of the lanes

on the farm so
I'd know where to go in camelo."

"As we rounded a corner,

"and she leaned down
and took a drink of water

while we watched.”

"It was very close.”

"We were about 20 feet away."

"And when she finished
drinking, she swished...”

She swished her
head up and I was amazed.

I thought that
she would have fainted

because the blood pressure
difference would be so great.

Lisa: Yes.

Anne: But it's something
I've learned since.

They have very
efficient blood pressure

and that doesn't
bother them at all.

They can go
up and down many times.

Anne: "Dear mommy, life here
is continuing as rosy as ever,

except it is rather hot."

"To be able to
devote all day and every day

to those dear
giraffe is unbelievable.”

"It is a disappointing day

when I don't
make notes on at least 30.

"My car is playing
an indispensable role

because when I drive up to
within 25 yards of a giraffe

and stop, he pays no attention
to me and goes on eating

or doing whatever he was doing."

Anne: Well, if I was
doing an experiment,

I would just sit and watch
what every giraffe within sight

was doing every five minutes.

Were they resting, eating,
lying, drinking, walking around,

fighting, sparring?

So I remember one time I was
thinking, "this is so boring."

The little car I
had was just so hot.

So I got out at the side and
thought they weren't looking,

and starting practicing ballet.

One of the females then saw me

and started walking towards
me and I thought, "oh, no,"

which meant I had to
stop and get back into the car

and pretend I wasn't there.

And then they went back to
doing whatever they were doing.

You feel that
what they're doing after that,

you aren't
probably affecting them.

The whole point of behaviour

is that they not
be affected by the person.

So you would
never go and do anything

that would distract them

because then
everything they were doing

would be null and void.

So you have to
be as invisible as possible.

Young Anne: "Mr. Matthew has a
professional type movie camera

and he is very keen
to get a film on the giraffe,

which I am every
bit as keen to take."

"It will all be in colour,
which costs £4 for 100 feet,

so I will try
and restrain myself."

"I think Mr. Matthew will pay
for at least half the film,

which should help somewhat.”

"And I am getting to
learn more about the giraffe,

even by studying them from a
photographic point of view."

"Dear mommy, this
morning I was out giraffing

and saw seven giraffes at once."

"They were all so close,
I could see their eyelashes.”

"One of the giraffe
snorted to see what I would do."

"Finally,
the tension was too great

and they all cantered off.”

"You can see how conversant
I sound with giraffes."

"Especially as this
is my third day here.”

I'm pretending
I know everything.

Well, it sounds like you did

a huge amount
of behaviour observation.

How did people react to
you as a woman alone like that?

Did that affect you at all?

Yeah, I never really thought
about it, that me being a woman,

it was strange.

And they thought
about it all the time, I think.

But you never let it stop you.
Oh, no!

Well, 'cause I was
thinking I was a person.

So I guess
I'm thankful to my mother

for allowing me
to be a person and not a woman.

Lisa: Yeah, was that something

you remember
as part of your childhood?

Anne: Yeah, I just always
did my own thing.

If I wanted to do it, I did it.

Ali: What did your mother
think of you taking this trip?

Anne: Oh I think she was
completely freaked out,

but she was really
good about it,

'cause my father just died
a couple years before,

which didn't help.

And my brothers and
sisters had all left home,

so I was the only one left.

Mary quayle innis was my mother.

She married my father in 1921.

She had four children,
but she also wrote many books.

My father was Harold innis.

He was a top
economist in Canada, really.

They named a college for him
at the university of Toronto.

They're still
publishing books about him.

He was interested in animals,

so I was always interested in
animals partly because of him.

My father died in '52.

I was in second year university.

They made my mother Dean of
women at the university college.

Well, I guess I
was closer to her

'cause my father
was always working

and I'd just
tell her everything.

It was like
having a best friend.

I've always wanted
to be just like her, really.

"Dear Anne, the giraffe
pictures sound wonderful.”

"You must
have seen more giraffes now

and learned more about them
than anybody else in the world."

"You'll certainly have to write
a book about your adventures.”

"As diamond kept saying,
'it's like a fairy story.'"

Mr. Matthew: "Dear Mrs. innis,

Anne is nicely settled

and working hard
on her giraffe thesis."

"I don't think I've ever met any
young person quite like her."

"There is no doubt she will
be a famous lady some time,

and the fame will be
well earned and well deserved."

"Kind regards,
Alexander Matthew."

Young Anne: "October 4th, 1956."

"Ll am getting along very well in
my African relations campaign.”

"I am working with the family
of one of the cattle boys

that lives by the borehole where
I sometimes wait

in hopes that an errant giraffe
will come down to drink."

There was a camp of about 100
workers that worked on the ranch

doing citrus
and cattle management.

So I wandered in and then I felt
self-conscious because I mean,

I was invading their territory.

And then the secretary came out
and said,

"don't go there again.”

"You're a white woman,
you don't go there ever!”

And I said, "well, why not?"
And he said,

"well, they're black,
and white women don't go there."

So that was my
first understanding

of how South Africa worked.

Young Anne: "Right now I
am sitting by the borehole

waiting for something to
appear, preferably a giraffe."

"When I wait in the car,

Enoch and Bella come over and
sit on the running boards."

"Enoch is about six
and Bella about thirteen."

"I was talking to Bella
for about two hours yesterday."

"She would point to her belt
and say what it was in 'besute'

"or fanagolo, then
I would give the english word

and we would laugh because this
always seemed to be very funny.”

Anne: Then I became friends
with lots of the workers,

and occasionally,
Mr. Matthew would ask me

to take one to
a clinic if he were sick.

And then he'd get
in the back and I'd say,

"no, no, drive in the front."
"We can talk."

And they'd never been
in the front of a car before

because obviously
white people really didn't want

to have anything to do with
the people working for them,

which I thought was ridiculous.

Young Anne: "October 7th, 1956."

"This report
will have to consist mainly

of the big bull
giraffe which was shot Friday."

"The provincial
game warden shot it

and then came to tell us
there was no use fussing."

"12 natives and two
white men went off in a truck

to bring it in
so that they could skin it

and cut it into hunks
of meat for the natives."

"They put the stomach,
and the intestines and the heart

in a big basin for me so
that I could study them later.”

"The heart is
reputed to weigh 25 pounds,

which I well
believe after carrying it."

"The most upsetting part was
when they cut up the neck

with an axe into lengths rather
in the manner of cord wood."

"I separated all the intestines
so that I could spread them out

and see how long they were."

"Ll measured them with a yardstick
and they were 256 feet!"

"Yipe!™

"by studying the stomach,

I had hoped to find
bits of leaves and twigs

that I might recognize

so that I could
get a better idea of exactly

what their diet consisted of."

"However, all I found
was a green juicy mess."

There were no books

on how to study
the behaviour of an animal.

So I just thought, whenever they
were eating at a certain tree,

when they wandered on,
I'd get out of the car

and took the samples
of these leaves up to Pretoria.

And a woman who studied
plants was able to tell me

which ones they were,
so I had a list, finally,

of trees that
giraffe liked to browse on.

That's how you build
up how an animal lives.

And no one had ever really
studied an African animal

in the wild, or pretty
well any animal in the wild,

so I was sort of breaking
ground without realizing it.

Oh, this is from the
very first day I saw a giraffe.

Incredible.

Each day I'd write down exactly
what I did that day, what I saw.

"9:13, three
standing, one feeding."

"9:15, two eating,
two standing."

"9:18, two eating, two chewing.”

"9:32, three eating,

one at a low acacia
bush and one chewing.”

"9:36, all feeding, very
gradually moving north."

And then this is how far a group
of giraffe moved from 10:35,

19 hours, and how many yards,

the speed at which,
therefore, it moved.

I have it all worked out.

It usually got
dark about 6:00 or 6:30.

We'd have dinner,

and then Mr. Matthew
would want to tell me stories

about his Scottish past.

I was just so dead tired and
I was desperate to stay awake.

And then at five in the morning,

there'd be the knock on the
door, and he'd leave tea for me,

and I'd eat that,
then we'd have breakfast

and then it
was another day again.

It was super.
Exhausting but super.

He made it possible for me.
Every single day,

I'd have eight or ten
hours out watching the giraffe.

He was just so kind, and I think
he really liked a young woman

who was so enthusiastic.

I think that Mr. Matthew
showed a lot of trust for you

and you for he. Yes, yes, yeah.

There was a lot
of mutual respect.

Anne: And his wife wasn't there,
his children weren't there,

and the neighbours
were absolutely aghast.

And they were saying,

"here's Mr. Matthew, got
this young hussy from Canada.”

John: So this one is
October the 4th, 1956.

"Dear mommy." You haven't
read these, have you?

Not since I wrote them.
Since you wrote them, no.

Very interesting.

"This morning
I was out giraffing

and I saw two males
fighting with their necks

in the distance."

Young Anne:
"Ll snaked up closer to them

and watched them through
my glasses for about an hour."

"I have never had
a more exciting morning."

"Two males were having a fight

and they were circling around
each other and giving each other

upper cuts and left
hooks in true boxing style.”

"Suddenly, one whipped
his neck down and across

and hit the other one a
terrific wallop on the chest.”

"It was a most
spectacular display.”

"It is much better to
watch than human boxing

because no one ever
seems to get very badly hurt.”

"Ll don't think anyone has ever
taken pictures of giraffe fights

of any sort, so I
think I will have something.”

Anne: After one of these bouts,

it might last a
couple of minutes, really.

One male might go behind
the other and mount the male.

And I remember the first
time I saw it, I was stunned.

I didn't know what
on earth they were doing.

And then I thought maybe
this is homosexual behaviour.

I thought it was fantastic
to observe and find this out.

I was really excited
and I remember thinking,

"well, should I
tell Mr. Matthew?"

And then I thought, no, I didn't
have the nerve to mention it,

so I never told anyone about it

until I wrote
about it in the paper.

Because you have to
say what's true in science.

You wouldn't
really know they were fighting

for... if you didn't just...
If you just glanced at them.

John: No.

Anne: You have to stay
around for a while.

John: People think it's
courtship, don't they?

Anne: Oh, yeah, I've seen
that for a Valentine card.

John:
It's very appropriate, really.

That's what Valentine
cards lead to in the end.

Anne: Oh, John!

The other unusual behaviour
was the flehmen behaviour,

in which the male
tests the urine of the female

to see if she's in estrous.

And if she is, then
he'll try and mate with her.

The strongest bull does most of
the mating and will go around

and sniff the urine or
even take some into his mouth

and he can tell from that if
the female is coming into heat.

So again, this was something

no one had ever written
an article about it before.

After I'd described the
behaviour of the giraffe

in a paper, the head of the
zoological society of London

wrote back in
a very friendly manner

and said he
would love to publish.

And that was one
of the top ones in the world.

And I was really excited
that they would accept it.

Young Anne:
"September 10th, 1956."

"My dear LAN,
if I wasn'tin 7th heaven

because of my present location,

I would be annoyed with you."

"I have had no letter
from you dated after August 14th

and it will take even longer
for any mail to be forwarded."

"I may have run off
with a giraffe by then!"

"Notice chilly opening.”

Young LAN: "Dear Anne,

may you not find cause to
use a chilly opening paragraph

in your letters because
of my natural tardiness."

"Your last letter of complaint

about the flow of letters from
here has driven me to buying

these air letter mail
forms which will make it easier

to write more,
if shorter messages."

He was supposed to write every
week, but it was getting so that

he would write every two weeks,

and so I wrote and said if
he couldn't write every week,

then we shouldn't get married.

And in novels, you know,

they always write
four times a day, so...

Oh, yes, oh, yes, yes.

So I guess he thought, well,
maybe I should write a bit more,

and so he did write.

Young Anne:
"Right now, I am in a super mood

because I just got
mail and would give anything

to have you here so
I could rush across the room

and jump on you and crush
you to death in my exuberance.”

"You can see I am still
the same gentle little female."

"All my non-familial love,
Anne of the bushveld.”

Lisa: He must have been a
remarkable man for the time

because you
were not a shrinking Violet.

Anne: No.

Lisa: You were very determined,
extremely intelligent woman.

Anne: Well, yeah.

And he played
tennis really well.

Ah, there you go!
A good tennis partner.

Woman: Did he beat you?

No. No, no.

Young Anne: "Dear LAN, this
time I am really annoyed.”

"Every day at meal time,

I get cross and irritable
when there is no LAN letter,

and for the next hour I go
around muttering 'blast him!'

under my breath.”

"If you want to
call the whole thing off,

then for heaven's sake, don't be
a chicken and write and say so."

Young LAN: "Perhaps I have not
given you enough reason

for being sure of me."

"Let me repeat, girl,
that I am in love with you."

"I very much want to come to
england and to marry you there,

or anywhere you want.”

"And nothing can change that.”

Anne: He said he would
fly over to London

and I'd meet him
on the way back from Africa,

and we'd get married in London
and then

we could have a honeymoon there.

Then we took a ship back to
Canada, back into real life.

When we got home,
we moved to Waterloo,

where my husband
got a job as a physicist

in the physics department.

I taught at wilfred laurier
university for three years

and I really loved it.

I realized that if I
really wanted to be a teacher,

I should earn my phd.

In biology, often
you have to kill animals

and I was determined
I would never do that,

so what could
you study about them

that you didn't need their body?

One of the things,
of course, is how they move.

They're magnificent runners,

incredibly fast,
about 35 kilometres per hour.

But to see their
legs going in slow motion

and their necks going
forward and back with each gait,

they're just a
symphony of perfection.

I spent the next
two years using film

that I'd collected in Africa and
comparing the gaits of giraffe

with the gaits
of large ungulates.

One of the things
I found about the giraffe

was that it had difficulty
walking like other animals

because its long legs
would hit each other,

so it had to walk
in a rather special way

so that it
wouldn't become confused

and tangled up with its legs.

They're quite
incapable of trotting

because they have to
move two legs on one side first

and then two
legs on the other side.

So it's rather a different
gait than most animals have.

So I made a
really interesting paper

about how evolution had
produced all these various forms

and why they
might have evolved that way.

Since I had
children at that point,

this was rather a busy life.

I had my first son, Hugh.

And he was born,
and then two years later, LAN,

named after my husband.

We were going to stop at two
because we knew environmentally

this was the right thing to do,

but I just
wanted a daughter so much.

And then my
daughter Mary was born.

Mumsie!

How are you doing? How are you?

Good to see you.

And how's things
going with your, uh, birds?

Well, it depends
on the time of day.

They come in the morning
and then they come about 2:00.

I've trained them.

Mary: I guess my mom's approach
to life was a very, what I feel,

a very scientific approach.

I must have been
maybe about ten or eleven

and my mother
had gone out on a walk

and came across a dead bird.

So she put
the bird in the baggie

and put it in the freezer.

Her thought was she
would, at some point,

take it out to study it.

So of course, my dad didn't know
anything about this, so one day

he went to the freezer
to get into the ice cream

and what would
fall out but this dead bird...

In the baggie.

And dad just,
he said, "that's it!"

"That's it!"

Anne: I'd always wanted
to be a scientist.

Having earned a phd at the
university of Waterloo,

I knew that there was just a
huge amount more I could study,

and I thought if I
became a tenured professor,

they usually get
four months off every year,

and then I would
spend my time in Africa

studying giraffe and
be able to write more papers

and know more about them.

What she expected
when she got back to Canada

was that she'd
done all this research.

She went back, got her phd,

was extremely
well-versed and educated

and ready to share her knowledge
in a university environment,

and, uh, was very disappointed
in several occasions

where she'd gone to university

and jobs that she, in some ways,
may have been overqualified for,

she was not getting.

Anne:
Sandy, he was a prof at guelph

and he was one of the few
that actually talked to me...

As opposed to most of
them would ignore the women.

And there were about three
or four women at that point.

Man: Well, well, well,
look who's here!

Anne: How are you?

It's a long time no see, Anne!

Oh, it's so good to see you!

It's wonderful.

Sandy:
Anne was appointed in 1968,

so that's how I met Anne.

She came as a
colleague in the department.

When I was appointed to
promotion and tenure committees,

then, of course,
I became aware of her cv

and all of her publications

and her, um, research
record before that time.

To be a professor,
I had to get tenure.

I'd had, I don't know, maybe 15
or 20 published papers by then,

and I thought, well, there's
no way they can deny me tenure.

They can't deny that I have
this list of published papers

from journals
all over the world.

Sandy: The proceedings of the
promotion and tenure committee

were confidential.

It was a very critical
and judgmental process.

You're playing
with people's futures here.

Decisions you make are
going to have dramatic impact

upon how a person
succeeds or does not succeed.

It was just a decision that
was made and, uh, usually then

you got it in a letter slipped
under your door or something

on a Friday afternoon before
you went off for the weekend.

Anne: So, one evening,

I remember I came back from
working all day at guelph,

and I looked at my table

and I had a letter, and
I thought, "oh, what's this?"

And I opened it up and it said
"you've been denied tenure."

"You can teach one more
year and then you're out,"

which I remember
crying all the way home.

Well, it just meant that

that was the end of
everything that I hoped for.

'Cause, no, I
couldn't be a professor.

That meant
that everything I loved,

working with students and...

It just meant the...
I just couldn't, I just...

It was just very upsetting.

Because it just was so,

so depressing
after working so hard.

I don't think my voice
was heard, quite frankly.

I had spoken in favour of Anne's
profile, and all the others,

as we went around the circle,
were quite negative.

There was a power structure with
four or five male individuals

at the top who certainly
had a strong, strong influence

on the department.

Anne: Did they all tend to vote
whatever Keith voted?

Yes, that
tended to be the pattern.

It was Keith's
line or no line, yes.

And that's when I said,

as far as promotion
and tenure was concerned,

my impression was there was one
mould for a successful academic,

and if you didn't fit
that mould you were out of luck.

Yeah. Yeah.

This is from Dr. Ronald,
who was head of the department.

He says, "the college tenure
and promotion committee

is not satisfied that
these standards have been met."

And for the research it says,
"the quality of publication

does not seem to be of desirable
scientific sophistication.”

And these are some of
the top journals in the world.

I thought that
that was incredibly unfair.

I wrote back and said,

"well, I think this is
wrong and I would like to show

what I've done during the year.”

And so, I did
ask them to reconsider it,

and I remember gathering
together all the information,

and I had a really good
students report on my teaching,

or I had more
papers than most professors.

I'd written books.

They said, "well,
we'll give you one more year,

and then we'll look at it again,

and we'll decide at
that time if you can stay on."

But it was
still the same committee

and they
were behaving so strangely,

so I thought,
"I'll just leave now."

"There's no point
in waiting another year

and then losing the job again.”

Sandy: It's not being fired, but
essentially, that's what it is.

If you're denied tenure,

you're not going to
continue in the department,

and so you would have to move on

to look for
opportunities elsewhere.

Anne: I already knew I couldn't
go at the university of Waterloo

because the Dean had said he
wouldn't hire any married women.

If you were a married woman,
your husband would support you,

so, of course she would never be
allowed to be a professor there.

I applied for a
job at wilfred laurier,

but they gave it to a man
with many fewer qualifications.

So I realized it was hopeless.

That was a very low point.

I just thought, you know,
this is so, so hard. Why?

I've done everything
you needed to be good

and then they just said,
"oh, well, you're a woman."

Sandy: I felt that she was
not given a fair hearing.

She was in a department
that had a very

male chauvinistic
attitude towards women.

She ran into
the old boys' network,

she got the
short end of the stick.

I think that
she was unfairly judged

and I think it
destroyed her career.

Mr. Matthew:
"Saturday, march 31, 1973.

"Dear Annie,

"I was sorry to hear

"that at the time of
your February writing,

"you were jobless.

"Don't you have any of your
constitutional rights,

"or even 'women"s lib'
in Canada?"

Anne: Just about all the
universities really, really,

really didn't want to have any
women professors it seemed,

especially in science.

That got me thinking,
if they could do this to me,

I mean, they could
do it to any woman.

In Waterloo, for example,
there were six women.

All of us had phds
and none of us could get a job.

And so, then I thought,
"I'll just push the envelope

"because it isn't just
that I'm saying I'm good,

"I've got the documentation
to show I am good."

And so, I went to the ombudsman

and I went to the
Ontario human rights commission

and I said,
"could you please look into this

"because I think it's unfair."

Mary: This one's "in the matter
of the human rights code, 1970."

Anne: And it's the supreme
court of Ontario.

Mary:
The supreme court of Ontario.

So, you've got you
as the applicant

and then your respondent is
the human rights commission

and the minister of labour.

And the date here is 1979,

wherein the court
refused judicial review.

So, I guess you went
to the case, you were denied,

and this is you challenging...

Anne: Actually that's '79.

I left the university
of guelph in '72,

so I fought for 7 years.

Young Anne: "Dear sir or madam,

"as one who has
a case coming before

"the Ontario
human rights commission,

"I would like to make a plea
for better communications

"between complainants such
as myself, and the commission.

"Whatever the outcome
of my case may be,

"it has been extremely
distressing..."

"Thinking it was being
heard first in October,

"then November, then December,

"when in reality it has not yet
come before the commission."

Argh!

"The uncertainties and delays

"surely cause more mental
suffering than need be.

"Li know I would be most grateful
to know what's going on."

Yeah, that was
coming from the heart...

When you'd phone them month
after month after month

and they,
"oh, yes, it's going along,

"it will come soon.
Oh, yes." Ugh!

The ombudsman
just said I can't have it

and the human rights
commission went to trial

and John sopinka was
the person fighting me.

And they went on and
argued and argued,

and sopinka won,
so I lost again.

I was really deeply depressed.

It seemed there wasn't any
future in the whole world.

You just sulk around
and drive people nuts.

Poor LAN,
and the kids, I'm sure.

You know, you don't
feel like laughing

or really doing
much of anything.

Ian was very supportive of me.

He backed me up.
That was very good of him.

Because many, I think,
would have divorced their wives

if they were that activist.

I think there was probably part
of dad that would have said,

"can you just be a good
professor's wife,

"who's very demure and
entertains

"when professors are visiting
from out of town

"and chats with the wives?"

But having said that,
dad being dad,

he was very supportive.

And a lot of credit to him
because it probably was,

at times, quite stressful,

where he really was hoping
she would be more conservative,

and it just wasn't who she was.

Anne: We had a wonderful
life until he died.

We played tennis twice a week

and badminton often
twice a week as well,

so we did a lot of activity.

And this was our usual Friday
night game, and at the end,

he went to the back
of the court and collapsed

and-and...
Yeah, it was... it was terrible.

Yeah.

I had nothing before me

and I didn't know what to do.

But then I thought,
"well, what I could do

"is write a book
about the giraffe."

I had done my own studies and I
had a friend, Bristol foster,

who had been working in the
field for five years.

Together, we decided to write
a whole book about giraffe.

A lot of it was from what I
learned at Fleur de lys.

Here we are.

So, this is "the Bible."

And it just has
a picture of a giraffe

and it has lots of diagrams

and various chapters
on what happens for giraffe.

I've been collecting books on
Africa since I was a kid.

That's really
when I got into Africa,

and the Anne dagg and foster
book was the Bible on giraffe,

and it was one of the first in
my collection. It had to be.

Even as a 15, 16-year-old,

I knew that was a book
I needed to get.

Zoe: I first became interested

in looking at giraffe
behaviour and biology

when I was studying
for my master's degree.

And of course,
when I went to do some research

about what we knew about
giraffes,

Anne dagg's name was
the first thing that came up,

and, really, the only book
available was her book.

Anne's book was the only
book that you could find

that covered giraffe
ecology and biology

and a little bit
about management

and wild captive populations.

It's a book that you'd find

on every giraffe
keeper's bookshelf.

It's just the Bible
to giraffe, really.

Amy: When I was in high school

and I knew I wanted to be a
giraffe keeper... 1 loved them...

I read her first book.

And it was really hard to get
through at 15,

but I did it, and I highlighted
it, and I took notes,

and I memorized
every little piece

of giraffe information
I could find.

And working in this field,
there was nothing else

really coming out
for a really long time.

I had worked in
the field for over ten years

and most of what
we relied on still

was Anne's book
from so long ago.

Anne: About 30 years passed

when I really didn't have
any contact with giraffe.

I couldn't
afford to go to Africa

because I didn't
have any research money

because I never
could get a position

that allowed me to teach

or earn any reasonable salary.

I guess it just closed off
one happy part of me.

As the years went on,
I kept on writing things

and I wrote many
scientific books on animals,

but much of the rest
of my life was fighting,

trying to get
fairness for women.

I wrote various feminist books

and decided to
spend a lot of my energy

trying to expose the sexism
in universities across Canada.

I got together with other women
and we formed committees

and we did all sorts of
things for about 20 years,

just worked at it all the time.

I'm not sure that
we made that much progress,

but it felt good to complain.

Eventually, I wrote this book
called pursuing giraffe.

So, this was just looking back
at the year I spent in Africa

and everything that happened.

Amy: She published pursuing
giraffe and I thought,

"oh! Something new from Anne!"

You know, it was this
amazing opportunity

to learn more about this person,

this young woman who did
this amazing, brave thing.

Her contribution so many years
later was still so great.

But in this field
where we needed that expertise

and we used it every day,
we didn't know her.

Fred: Anne's name is not
known in the public.

Part of it is because

she just didn't have
the PR media behind her.

She had herself

and she was doing her science,
and that's it.

And part of it is
people are infatuated

with chimpanzees because they
can see themselves in them.

Giraffe... everyone likes,

but they just don't have
their heartstrings pulled

and they just can't
identify with them.

There is this
kind of odd paradox

that people love giraffes
and yet somehow,

they don't receive
that global attention

in a way that primates
or elephants do.

There may be a sort
of element of alienness.

Giraffes are kind of
other, aren't they?

They're about as
likely as a unicorn.

They're so different from us.

Andy: For whatever reason,

the giraffe doesn't attract
the attention that it deserves,

and that's the reason

why I think Anne has
slipped under the radar.

Amy: I was the little girl

that that woman was a hero for,

and so it was
really important to me

that we be able to find her.

And we were putting together
our conference and we thought,

"wouldn't that be amazing

"if we could find this woman
who wrote this text,

"and we could bring
her back into the fold

"and see what she's doing
and see what she's about."

We were searching for Anne

because we really didn't know
if she was still alive or...

We all worked together
to track down information

about how we could contact her,

and we sent her
an email and just said,

"we'd love to have you here

"and we'd like to
present you with this award.”

I had no idea giraffe
even had conferences

because I'd been cut off from
the subject for so many years.

When Amy got a hold of me,

I was stunned and incredibly
excited to be invited

and said, "yes, yes, yes,
I want to come."

It's huge! I mean, it's huge!

Yeah.

Hi Anne, I'm Dana. Welcome!

Look at that, eh?

Excellence in
giraffe science award.

"You authored 20 books,

"countless trailblazing
scientific papers,

"and inspiration for many."

You didn't know
your mother was so clever!

I didn't, no, no.

Her love of giraffe,
which had always been there,

maybe lying dormant,
suddenly came alive again.

And being invited to
conferences like this,

suddenly getting awards,

where she was being told
you inspired all these people,

this piece of her life that
seemed a long time ago

all came back,
bubbled up to the surface,

and it was just so
exciting for her

and it was just overwhelming.

Gareth: The queue to meet her

was like queuing up
to meet a beatle.

Everybody wanted to see her.
I took my book

that I bought
when I was 17 years old

to the conference
so she could sign it for me.

I confess to being
a shameless autograph hunter

because I brought my book
with me that I've had for years.

Zoe:
I was super excited to meet her,

a little bit intimidated.

But what struck me the most
is how interested she was

in everybody else's work.
She was really passionate about

listening to what
you were doing with giraffes

and she just genuinely
wanted to know more.

David: Even though she thought
that she was forgotten,

she was very well known
in the giraffe community.

She was a legend, she was
literally our Jane goodall,

and she founded
the study of giraffe biology.

Isn't that good?
Some more? Yeah.

Chew that one and then
you can have... oh, okay.

Fred: To me, having a pioneer
at a meeting like this,

a figurehead who's
published everything...

You won't get
a giraffe article out there

unless you cite Anne dagg...

Seeing her in person
works wonders for students

and zookeepers to
interact with her.

Anne: This was just magic

to find you had
a whole community of people

that loved animals as you did.

And they all seemed to know me

because of the book I'd written
and it was one happy conference.

It was... it was wonderful.

Amy: It was the beginning of,
I guess, this chapter,

which, I think,

is one of the things I'm most
proud of in my career,

that I have the great privilege

of being part
of a group of women

that brought her
back to this field.

John: Before I present
Anne with the award,

I'd just like to say that

I feel sometimes
increasingly isolated in a world

where the definition
of wildness is changing.

That I'm not alone

in clinging onto
the idea of a real wild world.

So, with that,

I'd like to invite you to
come up to the stage, Anne.

Anne: I always wanted to go
back to Africa and see giraffe,

but I would have
thought it very unlikely.

I had no contact there at all.

Lisa: I learned that she hadn't
been back to Africa

and I told her
that I would be coming back.

If she wanted to come,
she was more than welcome.

We will be travelling

and seeing giraffe in many
different situations,

please come,
and eventually, she said yes.

Anne: When you think that
I haven't been to Africa

for half a century,
it's a scary thought.

Hi. Oh, it's so good to be here.

Welcome back to Africa.

It has been a long time.

Lisa: Hi, how are you? Oh,
welcome, welcome, welcome.

Oh.

Oh, it's so good to be here.

When I was in Africa
in the early days,

60 years ago,
it never crossed my mind

that there wouldn't be
giraffe forever in Africa.

It just...
It just was inconceivable.

I thought I could study them
all the rest of my life

and there'd be
still equal numbers.

Mr. Matthew: "April 4, 1974.

"Dear Annie,
do you still have the film

"that you made of
the Fleur de lys giraffes?

"Sad to say, those that are left

"have to put up
with an air polluted

"with automobile exhaust,

"the reek of hot asphalt
from the black top highways

"that now cut through Fleur
de lys in all directions.

"How lucky we were

"to know it all before this
development took place.

Anne:
The situation now is appalling.

Everyone is worried
about the elephants,

but no one has been worried
about the giraffe at all,

whose numbers are far less.

John: In 1998, there were
an estimated 28,000

reticulated giraffes
throughout their range.

And we think
that there are certainly

no more than 5,000 left.

That's greater than
an 80% decline in 15 years.

80% in 15 years is a crash.

You know, that's a population

that is plummeting
towards extinction.

And of course,
that's happening across Africa.

There's been a 30 or 40% decline

in the total
giraffe population in Africa.

Anne: They're being killed for
bush meat all the time.

The reticulated giraffe
population

is near 12.5 million people
that have no homes.

They've been chased out by war.

And if they saw a giraffe,
you can reason,

"well, you know,
I'm really hungry,

"and my children are hungry,
why don't we just kill it?"

I mean, you can just
see that happening.

John: That's quite
different, isn't it?

When people are eating wild
animals, it might be illegal,

it might be undesirable,

it might ultimately lead
to the extinction

of some of the creatures
that I care about

and a lot of other
people care about.

But if somebody's starving, if
all their livestock have died...

The goats,
the sheep, the cattle,

if even the camels have died...

It's very hard to
blame people who are starving.

We got a call because a giraffe
had been hit in the night.

So, by the time we got there,
as the sun was rising,

people were gathering
from all directions

with sacks and machetes

because this was a bonanza
for the local people.

But there were so many people
trying to get hold of this meat

that there was not a scrap left.

Does it remind you

of the giraffe that
was shot by the ranger at...

Oh yeah, yeah, for sure.

What they did was,
for example, the neck,

they just cut it
into a lot of bits

and people were
biking away with a roll of neck.

When the female giraffe
was cut up,

out sort of slithered this
beautiful little foetus.

You know,
it meant that, effectively,

we lost two giraffes
that day instead of one.

Yeah. Poor little thing.

Oh, that is so sad.

Yeah, yeah.

Anne: Jacob leaidura has lived
in this area all his life.

When he was born,
there were a lot more giraffe,

so he's seen a
lot of them being wiped out.

With John,
the two work in tandem,

and together,
they're trying to figure out

how to keep giraffe alive.

Right.

Anne: Right now, are you living
just outside the reserve or...

Jacob: Oh, yes, yeah.

And you'd like that
if you could stay there?

Oh, yes. Water willing, eh?

Yes. Lots of rain.

And these are sheep
and cattle mostly?

Oh, yes.

Anne: It's absolutely essential
that the children of Africa

be really involved
in their heritage

and in all the animals
living in their area.

Do you know why the
tongue is so long?

I mean, why would you need a
tongue that comes way out?

No, they don't know.

You think you can guess?

Okay, go on.

So that the giraffe
can pick leaves.

Right! Very good!

It's their country,
it's their giraffe,

it's they who
are going to be either

not having them or having them.

What I want to know is,

which animal do you think
is the most dangerous predator

of the giraffe?

Lion.

Interpreter: The lion, miss.
John: Lion.

Interpreter: Yes?

Leopard. Leopard.

The most dangerous
predator of the giraffe

is the one that you see
when you go to the bathroom

and you look in the mirror.

It's the human being.

Anne: If you can get the young
people in the tribal areas,

then that's going
to be the difference.

A lot of them have
never seen a giraffe.

It seems unbelievable that
they live right among them,

but they've
never seen a giraffe.

Francois: To bring down a
giraffe is really dangerous,

and I always use
the same capture team

and the same experienced people,

so that we don't make mistakes.

What we've learned by collaring
giraffe, in my view,

completely changed the way
we are thinking about giraffe.

Every time, she's on the ground,
the vet will take blood samples

and hair samples and internal
parasites, external parasites,

even faecal samples,

and we'll try and collect
as much as possible.

We always cover the eyes

and we'll cover the ears,

so the least amount of stress
is added to the process.

I'm the youngest

giraffe scientist with active
boots on the ground,

and I think Anne would be the
oldest giraffe scientist

living and still pitching ideas.

He's doing all the cutting-edge
research, which is so cool.

And I guess most of it,
he just completed his phd,

so this is really exciting.

My first objective was just
to design a GPS collar

that will fit, that is
not harming the animal

or influencing
its natural behaviour.

My first collars only
collected every four hours.

This ear tag just behind the ear

can do it every five minutes
and go two years longer.

What we're doing now is
I would use a little drone,

type in the coordinates
where the giraffe is.

I send the drone

to take aerial footage of the
giraffe, see if she's fine...

Anne: Can you do this now?

Francois: Yes.

The giraffe showed
and identified

the areas they prefer, so I
could go and evaluate that area,

compared to the areas
they don't prefer.

Right.

And what is their
habitat qualities

and how we can
maintain or sustain that

in management principles.

We can forget
about saving giraffe

if we don't protect
the habitat they live in.

Exactly.

Jason pootoolal works
at the African lion safari.

We've become good buddies

because we're so close
and I can drive over there

and see the giraffe.

When Jason said they had a baby
giraffe, it was exciting

because it had been done
with artificial insemination,

and this was one of the
few times in the world

that it had been done,
and it was done in Canada.

Hey, hey! Surprise, surprise!

Nice to see you!

So, Mara, the one with the head
up, is the bigger sister.

So, she's generally gentle
with the other one.

And Sahara's the little sister,
so you can see she fights dirty.

She always goes for the legs.

I mean, I've never really
seen female giraffes spar.

Anne: That's fantastic.

That's not even
in the literature.

You've got to
get it in there. Hi.

One more?
Oh, you must be so full.

Jason: Right now, there's
a giraffe pregnant

with an artificially
inseminated embryo,

and so we're going
to be able to take a look

and see how
that baby is developing.

Back!

Thank you.

Anne: She's not worried, is she?

Jason:
No, she does this quite often.

Anne: All the time? Yep.

That's one long sleeve.

I've got a far way to go.

It's a bit of
a search to find it.

How old is the baby?

168 days, I believe. Wow.

So, there's
the heart beating there.

Oh, oh, you can see it beating!

The heart is one of the
early things to develop.

So, even when it's kind of this
amorphous shape of life,

you can see
a little heart beating.

So, there, the neck,
you can see it's curling down.

Oh, yeah, right.

And so, the literature
always said that

the giraffes probably
develop like this

later in their gestation, but we
were able to see they get...

All the tell-tale signs of a
giraffe happen very early.

And you can see the
brain there developing.

Oh, that's amazing! Wow.

And you do this just to make
sure everything's okay?

Exactly, yes, and not only that,

because this is
the only herd of giraffe

that's followed this way,
we're able to take measurements

and actually track how
the giraffe grows.

So, not just al versus natural,

like it's just to study giraffe
reproduction in general.

These animals that we have now

are being
artificially inseminated

with genetic material that
has been stored for years

and years in cryo-tanks.
It gives us the hope

that these animals
that are no longer with us

are able to still contribute to
a larger genetic population.

That's janga. He's special
because he's the first giraffe

conceived using frozen semen.

Our tank's now full
of genetic material

that we're going to be able to
use as long as we possibly need.

Oh. Oh.

Getting back
into the giraffe community

really changed my life.

I met all sorts of people that I
can now email with all the time

and because
I met all these people,

when Cambridge university press
wanted to have a new,

updated giraffe book,

now I knew individuals
working in all these areas.

I could talk to them,

find out what they thought
were the important papers,

and that enabled me
to write a new book

on the science of giraffes.

Fred: She had put together

all the information available
for her first book.

Then, more and more
information began to pile up

and she put it
into her second book,

and some of the ideas
were completely different.

And even though most
scientists will tell you,

"oh yeah, I'll change my mind
any day with new information,”

secretly, they won't. She did.

She publicly said, "you know,
if the new information says

"that the old had a
misinterpretation,

"then the new is good.”

Andy: She had the
humility to rewrite it,

stand up and say that
she had made mistakes

and assumptions,
but this was early days.

There's an awful lot of things
that we found out subsequently.

But not everyone is so humble
to stand up and admit

to the failures
or admit to the mistakes.

And she's rewritten the book
and the book's tripled in size

and it's far more
comprehensive now than it was.

Fred: One of the key examples
was, in the earlier work,

they thought giraffe were just
randomly wondering around,

loose associations,
flexible herds,

mothers and their calves don't
have strong relationships.

Then, one of my first studies
was actually they have friends.

They do hang around
not randomly,

and mothers and adult
daughters can stay together,

and that was a key finding
duplicated at a few sites.

So, the second book really
emphasizes those social networks

and the friendships and, yep,

giraffe are actually a lot more
complicated than we think.

Anne: This is very interesting.
This is how science works.

You do your best and then you
find out something changes

and then you change your mind

and this is what's
so wonderful about it.

Mr. Matthew: "January, 1985.

"Dear Anne, in a few months,
28 years will have passed

"since you set foot
on the farm, Fleur de lys."

"All that hot, dry day,
I had been in nelspruit..."

"And was returning
to the farm late at night.

"As I had come over
the hill at bushbuck Ridge,

"ll could see there was
a big field fire raging

"in the direction of Fleur de
lys, and within a mile or so,

"I found a score of
our farm labourers

"busily engaged in
fighting the fire.

"Just at that moment, farney,
our young bookkeeper,

"drove up in his small
and very much used car,

"stuck his head out of
the window and said,

"" Mr. Matt, I have
your Canadian student with me, '

"as though that
explained everything.

"And so, began
our long friendship

and the sharing of many
hours of giraffe watching

"on Fleur de lys.
Your oom, Alex."

Anne: I knew him until he
died at the age of 96,

so instead of calling him
"Mr. Matthew,”

later on, I would call him
"oom Alex". "Oom" is uncle.

At the end, he said,
"you're my fourth daughter”.

He was one of
the best people I ever met.

See the buildings? In the trees?

Straight ahead,
slightly to the right.

Anne: Oh. Mary: Oh, okay.

Anne: And look at these trees.

This is completely different.
There were no trees.

Ernest: You'll probably
recognize it as we get...

Yeah, because I usually
went right to the giraffe

and didn't pause.

Mary: So, look over there,
ma. Huh? Can you see?

Yeah, the office reception.

The roof's not thatched anymore,
but it's the same building.

Mary: Yep. You can
see the five pillars.

Anne: Oh, it's exactly the same!

Ernest: You stopped
on this road here.

Camelo was parked
right where we are now.

Let's get out and have a look.

Mary: Yeah. Oh, absolutely.

Wow.

John: Let's go around this
way and have a look.

Oh.

Nice to be back here?

Oh...

Alex, his office would have
been on the right-hand side.

Anne: This would be Mr.
Matthew's. Yeah, that's right.

That's right, and I remember...

Incredible.

Oh.
It brings back so many memories.

It's pretty amazing, eh?

Oh, dear.

So, the front door...

This is the bedroom, we thought
might have been your bedroom.

And there's a tree,
you said you had...

And that's the big tree that
might have had the mamba?

This is it.

This is my room, then.

John: It took her a while to
work it all out, you know,

which was her room, where
she got up in the morning

to retrieve the cup of tea that
Mr. Matthew had left for her.

In all of this changed
landscape,

so much is different,
but every now and then,

we've stumbled across
little pools of the past,

little scenes,

which are immediately
recognizable from long ago.

When we saw our first
giraffe at Fleur de lys

in the place
where it all began for her,

they were almost invisible
because they blended in so well

into the landscape, and Anne
spotted them very quickly.

Anne: See there? See there?

Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah.

You can see them...

Look at their eyes.
Mary: Yeah, I see them.

Anne:
Can you see his eyelashes, John?

John: Yeah.

Those giraffes were almost
certainly

direct descendants of the
animals that she had studied.

Anne: Aren't they amazing?

John: Hey, look at this,

bull's come out
from behind the tree.

Anne: Oh, look at that one! Oh.

John: Wow, look at that.

Anne: He's huge.

Mr. Matthew: "Sept 8, 1990.

"Dear Anne, Fleur de lys,

"on which you studied your
favourite animal,

"has been sub-divided
and sold off as 'game farms".

"Giraffe are being sold
at about 2500 rand.

"How lucky you were to see
the lowveld when you did.

"Your oom Alex."

We know that there are so many
fewer giraffe now around

than there were in my day.

Do you think they'll
disappear entirely?

Or is there hope for them?

To be very honest,
without human interference,

I don't think
they're going to make it.

It doesn't matter
the species or the mammal,

there's no example
that we as humans can claim

where we interfered enough

that it was a success.

Wow.

Francois: We need to look
at how to preserve

the last few little habitats
that are still left

and then giraffe would be saved.

So, we need more people like you
to carry on with what you did,

we need more people
to become involved.

If we are not going
to save giraffe,

me and you and people
that listen to this,

if we don't save giraffe,
who is going to do it?

Anne: Yeah.

Young Anne: "May 31, 1957.

"Dear mommy, I have sold camelo
for the grand sum of £137

"to a student who wants
a rough-tough car

"to take him up to Nairobi.

"I showed him
the immortal giraffe film,

"which begins with camelo
arriving at the lowveld.

"This was to add a
human or car interest

"in case the rest of the film
was too exclusively giraffe,

"if that is possible.

"Very much love,
Anne of the bushveld.

Mary: "May 27th, 1957."

Anne: So, that's just
after I left I guess.

Yes, yes, just after you
left, and it's from oom Alex.

So he says, "dear Anne..."

Mr. Matthews:
"All I wish to tell you now

"is how much I appreciate how
much you have done for me

"and for everyone
at Fleur de lys.

"Li hardly need say that so long
as I am at Fleur de lys,

"Fleur de lys will always be
happy and proud

"to be of service to you

"and honoured if you accept
its hospitality.”

"Our doors will always be open,

"and I hope the time will come
again when you will be there

"and come and go
as freely as you choose.”

And here you are,
in Fleur de lys.

Yes.

He would be amazed to think of
you here tonight, wouldn't he?

I think he would.

Anne: We're going to the
march tomorrow,

so we don't how
actually that will go.

If we're not shot, I think we
might have a nice bon-ami going.

Crowd: Donald Trump has got
to go, hey-hey, ho-ho!

Donald Trump has got to go,
hey-hey, ho-ho!

Donald Trump has got to go...

Anne: To see a million
women and a lot of men

all walking together
for the rights of people,

it was just fantastic.

All the women were
shouting what they felt.

Women can do anything and we're
not going back to the '50s.

A lot of people wouldn't even
know what the '50s were like,

where everything
was completely masculine.

Now, a lot of
women are professors.

We're making huge progress.

Crowd: Yes, we can! Yes, we can!

Anne:
We're fighting now and then,

I mean, you just have to take it
'cause you were just one

and you didn't have any
friends who felt the same way,

or not many.

And then, when I went on the
march, I realized there are...

So many strong, strong people
who are not going to take it.

So, I'm really
much more hopeful.

There is a future, but it's
going to be a hard fight.