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**
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Nock: Diane, how does it feel
to be back here
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at Betty Lou's grave?
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What goes through your mind
when you come here?
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I miss her.
I miss her so much.
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Man: Betty Lou Jensen shot dead
in a dark
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and desolate lovers' lane.
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I just always think about
what she'd be like
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if she had a chance
to grow up.
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[ Sniffles ]
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She'd have been
an outstanding person.
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I know.
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[ Sighs ]
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So sad.
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Horan: I can't stop thinking
about the fact
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that none of these people
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and their families
ever got any justice.
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00:00:53,511 --> 00:00:57,057
Zodiac, a symbol
that now stands for terror
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00:00:57,098 --> 00:00:58,558
in San Francisco.
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00:00:58,600 --> 00:01:01,061
There is a myth
of the Zodiac Killer
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00:01:01,102 --> 00:01:02,979
which has taken over.
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Woman: The Zodiac Killer,
whose killing spree and ciphers
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around the Bay Area draw
worldwide attention to this day.
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Puzzled authorities
with a number of coded letters
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00:01:11,237 --> 00:01:14,949
sent to newspapers
and law enforcement.
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Nobody has come close
to cracking this case
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00:01:17,952 --> 00:01:20,747
for over 50 years.
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00:01:20,789 --> 00:01:23,667
And that's because there was
no single killer involved
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00:01:23,708 --> 00:01:25,669
in these murders
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and the person
writing the letters
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didn't commit
any of the murders.
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[ Film projector whirring ]
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Beeson: When he first came out
with the theory,
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he knew he was gonna get
a lot of pushback.
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Butterfield:
Thomas Horan has staked
his reputation on this theory,
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00:01:42,644 --> 00:01:46,773
and that's part of the problem
with the Zodiac case.
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Most of the theories
are basically just nonsense,
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and people refuse
to give them up.
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I think it's important to start
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with the original
police reports,
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the FBI files,
and any other official documents
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you can get ahold of.
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That's where
you'll find the facts.
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I'm the first person I know of
who read all of the case files,
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all of the contemporary
newspaper clippings.
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And what I discovered was
the single biggest reason
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Zodiac was never caught
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is because the Zodiac Killer
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is a fictional character.
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He's a literary invention.
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00:02:27,313 --> 00:02:30,400
Butterfield: You'd have to
believe in all kinds of hoaxes
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00:02:30,442 --> 00:02:32,986
and conspiracies
to believe this.
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00:02:33,028 --> 00:02:37,824
The simplest explanation that's
in keeping with the known facts
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is that one person
was responsible
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for the crimes and the letters.
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Horan: If we change how we look
at the Zodiac case,
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a whole different reality
becomes possible.
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Nock: To make a breakthrough in
America's most famous cold case,
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I'm trying something
that's never been attempted
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00:02:58,053 --> 00:02:59,429
in the Zodiac saga --
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an analysis through
computational linguistics
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00:03:01,973 --> 00:03:03,975
and artificial intelligence.
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00:03:04,017 --> 00:03:06,770
If the A.I. points
towards a single letter writer,
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then Professor Horan
is flat-out wrong.
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And then, of course,
the biggest question is,
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00:03:13,360 --> 00:03:16,654
is, if I'm right,
the letters were a hoax,
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then the Zodiac itself
is a hoax.
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**
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Man: Somebody says he committed
all five murders
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and will commit yet more.
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00:03:32,962 --> 00:03:37,133
Man #2: Zodiac, a symbol
of terror in San Francisco.
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**
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**
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00:03:50,689 --> 00:03:57,028
**
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Nock:
Coming into this investigation,
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I suppose I was like
everyone else
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00:04:00,949 --> 00:04:03,326
who had taken an interest
in this iconic case.
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00:04:03,368 --> 00:04:07,664
I believed all the murders were
committed by one person. Why?
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00:04:07,706 --> 00:04:10,625
Well, partially because when
you search online for Zodiac,
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that's the prevailing narrative.
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It's the mainstream belief.
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But also just look at the first
two crimes side by side.
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December of 1968
was the shooting deaths
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of two high-school students
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00:04:23,805 --> 00:04:27,517
in a lovers' lane
in Benicia, California.
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00:04:27,559 --> 00:04:29,269
The second
so-called Zodiac crime
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was about seven months later.
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It was also a shooting
in not quite a lovers' lane,
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but a teen hangout in Vallejo,
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00:04:35,608 --> 00:04:38,737
just a few miles down the road
from the first crime.
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00:04:38,778 --> 00:04:40,530
Law enforcement didn't connect
these two crimes
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until about a month
after the second crime...
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when three pretty terrifying
letters arrived at newspapers
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in San Francisco and Vallejo
claiming credit for the kills.
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So all of this makes sense.
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But where it really
goes off the rails for me
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and where it really spirals
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00:05:02,135 --> 00:05:04,888
for Professor Thomas Horan,
who already has questions
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about a single killer
after the first two crimes,
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00:05:07,766 --> 00:05:10,518
is the third
so-called Zodiac crime,
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00:05:10,560 --> 00:05:12,479
which happens a month and a half
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after
the "I am the Zodiac" letter.
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Horan: There is no evidence
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that connects
any two of these murders,
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let alone connects
all of the murders
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and let alone connects them
to the letters.
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And the attack where
we can see this most clearly
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00:05:30,121 --> 00:05:33,208
is the third attack
at Lake Berryessa.
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**
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**
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The third canonical Zodiac crime
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is what we call Lake Berryessa.
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The two victims were
Bryan Calvin Hartnell
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and Cecelia Ann Shepard.
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Bryan had run into Cecelia
at Pacific Union College,
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00:06:03,405 --> 00:06:06,241
which they used
to attend together.
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Cecelia was currently attending
college in Riverside,
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but had come up to
the Northern California area
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to visit a few friends.
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She ran into Bryan
at the cafeteria that day,
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and they had previously dated,
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so they decided to go spend
some time together.
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They were originally gonna go
into the city of San Francisco,
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but at the last moment, they
decided to go to Lake Berryessa.
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**
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Nock:
So I'm here at Lake Berryessa
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in Napa, California.
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This is the site of the third
so-called Zodiac attack.
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I'm gonna meet Dave Collins.
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Dave Collins was one of the
original detectives on the case,
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one of the last few people
who are still alive
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00:06:52,370 --> 00:06:55,957
who can walk me through
exactly what happened that day.
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Dave?
Collins: Yeah.
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00:07:01,379 --> 00:07:02,756
There you are.
Nice to meet you.
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00:07:02,797 --> 00:07:04,632
Andrew Nock.
Andrew. Hey. Dave Collins.
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00:07:04,674 --> 00:07:05,925
Thanks so much
for coming down.
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00:07:05,967 --> 00:07:08,011
I really appreciate it.
Nice meeting you.
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Maybe you can walk me down
to the murder site, please.
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Sure. Sure.
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This all happened
over 50 years ago.
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Trees are gone. The grasses
are a little different.
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The water level's lower.
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But it's all
basically the same.
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Right here is where
the crime scene actually was.
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**
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How does it feel
to be back here?
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Not that good.
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I don't have good memories
of this
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because this was a terrible
crime that was committed.
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A lot of sorrow,
a lot of people upset,
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and rightfully so.
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We didn't have this type
of a crime at Lake Berryessa.
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00:08:07,821 --> 00:08:09,823
And even since then,
there hasn't been a crime
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like that
here at Lake Berryessa.
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So can you point out
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where Bryan and Cecelia
first saw this mystery man?
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They were here.
where I'm standing.
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There was a large oak tree
right -- right here.
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And it cast shade.
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And so they
had put a blanket down.
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Butterfield: They settled along
the shoreline,
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and they were there together
for some time, when Cecelia
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noticed a man walking through
the trees above them.
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And he's not wearing
a costume or anything,
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and she just knows
that it's a white male.
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And Bryan wasn't too concerned
about it
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because at this point,
he's pretty far away.
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Butterfield:
But at a certain point,
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the man approached Cecelia
and Bryan,
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and he was wearing
a dark hooded costume
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with a white crossed circle
on the chest.
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He was carrying a gun.
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He had a knife
and a sheath on his belt.
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00:09:07,172 --> 00:09:11,092
And he also had some precut
lengths of plastic clothesline.
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When he came out,
she said, "He's got a mask on."
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And that was
my first inkling
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that there was anything
actually wrong going on.
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He had this black hood on,
came clear down to here.
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Just little slits in the eyes
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00:09:25,440 --> 00:09:27,108
and where -- you know,
these clip-on glasses.
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They were clipped into
those little loops.
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Beeson:
This black ceremonial-type hood
has a logo on it,
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which is the Zodiac's
crossed-circle logo.
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And Bryan said that
this was done with care
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as if it was sewn.
Very elaborate costume.
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00:09:44,793 --> 00:09:46,836
The man confronted them
and said,
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"Don't worry. I just need
your car keys and your money.
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00:09:49,631 --> 00:09:51,257
I'm not going to do
anything to you."
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00:09:51,299 --> 00:09:52,884
He was apparently trying
to lull them
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into a false sense of security.
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Beeson: And Bryan says,
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"Hey, I have a little bit
of change in my pocket.
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That's all I have.
But you're welcome to it."
194
00:10:00,934 --> 00:10:02,936
And he says,
"No, what I need to do
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00:10:02,977 --> 00:10:04,562
is get you two guys tied up."
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00:10:04,604 --> 00:10:09,359
So Cecelia tied Bryan, and then
the man tied Cecelia up.
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00:10:09,401 --> 00:10:11,736
Then, without any warning,
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00:10:11,778 --> 00:10:13,738
the man pulled out a long knife.
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00:10:13,780 --> 00:10:17,117
Beeson: What Bryan would later
describe as a foot-long knife,
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00:10:17,158 --> 00:10:20,620
and he starts stabbing Bryan
in the back.
201
00:10:20,662 --> 00:10:21,830
And Bryan just
starts hearing
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00:10:21,871 --> 00:10:25,375
this "chomp, chomp, chomp"
sound.
203
00:10:25,417 --> 00:10:27,919
Butterfield: He stabbed him
approximately six times,
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00:10:27,961 --> 00:10:30,171
and Bryan decided to play dead.
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00:10:30,213 --> 00:10:34,718
At that point, the man stopped,
and he turned on Cecelia,
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00:10:34,759 --> 00:10:36,094
who was, of course, terrified
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00:10:36,136 --> 00:10:39,139
after watching
Bryan being stabbed.
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00:10:39,180 --> 00:10:41,057
She's tied up,
and she's frantic,
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00:10:41,099 --> 00:10:44,310
and he starts stabbing her
multiple times.
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00:10:44,352 --> 00:10:46,187
More times than Bryan.
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00:10:49,816 --> 00:10:52,652
She was apparently stabbed
at least 10 times,
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00:10:52,694 --> 00:10:56,364
five times in the front
and five times in the back.
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00:10:57,824 --> 00:11:00,744
Beeson: And then he just calmly
walks off, doesn't say anything.
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00:11:00,785 --> 00:11:04,914
He calmly keeps his costume on,
and he quietly walks away.
215
00:11:07,250 --> 00:11:08,835
After the two were stabbed,
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00:11:08,877 --> 00:11:11,254
Bryan thinks his bindings
are loose enough,
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00:11:11,296 --> 00:11:15,592
and Cecelia helps Bryan
get his hands untied.
218
00:11:15,633 --> 00:11:17,218
And he's in a lot of pain.
219
00:11:17,260 --> 00:11:21,556
And Bryan starts crawling his
way to start trying to get help.
220
00:11:21,598 --> 00:11:24,976
I made it up
about 300 yards up,
221
00:11:25,018 --> 00:11:27,854
up almost to the road,
and it was a slow process
222
00:11:27,896 --> 00:11:29,356
because I kept black--
I couldn't see.
223
00:11:29,397 --> 00:11:31,983
I kept blacking out,
and my legs kept getting weak.
224
00:11:32,025 --> 00:11:33,234
But I was getting progress.
225
00:11:33,276 --> 00:11:35,362
I think I could have
made it to the road.
226
00:11:35,403 --> 00:11:39,407
Eventually, Bryan's picked up
by park ranger Dennis Land,
227
00:11:39,449 --> 00:11:41,409
and he gets in his car.
228
00:11:45,288 --> 00:11:47,665
The police are called.
They show up to the crime scene.
229
00:11:47,707 --> 00:11:50,085
[ Siren wailing ]
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00:11:50,126 --> 00:11:52,879
Collins: I was the
deputy sheriff at the time.
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00:11:52,921 --> 00:11:54,214
I'm here on the scene.
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00:11:54,255 --> 00:11:58,134
I've arrived, and Cecelia's
on the blanket
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00:11:58,176 --> 00:12:01,846
and having a very difficult time
speaking,
234
00:12:01,888 --> 00:12:05,392
in a lot of pain.
235
00:12:05,433 --> 00:12:08,395
I asked her, I said, "Well,
how do you describe this guy?"
236
00:12:08,436 --> 00:12:13,149
She was estimating he was
probably almost 6 foot.
237
00:12:13,191 --> 00:12:15,485
It was bulky.
He looked sloppy.
238
00:12:15,527 --> 00:12:19,698
She said, "I saw his face
when he stood behind the tree."
239
00:12:19,739 --> 00:12:23,076
Said it was more
of a round-type face.
240
00:12:23,118 --> 00:12:26,287
And he had just
a normal haircut, brown hair,
241
00:12:26,329 --> 00:12:28,915
but enough so that
when he pulled the hood on,
242
00:12:28,957 --> 00:12:32,293
it showed on his forehead
through the mask.
243
00:12:34,087 --> 00:12:35,255
And I had asked her,
I said,
244
00:12:35,296 --> 00:12:37,507
"Well, how old
do you think he was?"
245
00:12:37,549 --> 00:12:40,010
And she said he was
in his mid-20s then.
246
00:12:40,051 --> 00:12:41,678
"I would say mid-20s."
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00:12:41,720 --> 00:12:45,306
And she herself was 22.
248
00:12:48,101 --> 00:12:50,937
After the killer walked away
from the victims
249
00:12:50,979 --> 00:12:54,441
at Lake Berryessa,
he apparently walked up the hill
250
00:12:54,482 --> 00:12:57,444
to where Bryan Hartnell's
Karmann Ghia was parked.
251
00:12:57,485 --> 00:13:01,906
And then he used a marker to
leave a message on the car door.
252
00:13:03,199 --> 00:13:06,453
Beeson: The killer put the dates
of Lake Herman Road,
253
00:13:06,494 --> 00:13:10,165
and then he puts the dates
of Blue Rock Springs,
254
00:13:10,206 --> 00:13:12,042
and then he writes out
the date of the attack
255
00:13:12,083 --> 00:13:13,043
that just occurred.
256
00:13:13,084 --> 00:13:16,296
He writes "Sept. 27."
257
00:13:19,174 --> 00:13:23,553
There is, as far as I'm
concerned, a definite pattern.
258
00:13:23,595 --> 00:13:27,474
The message left on the side
of the victim's door
259
00:13:27,515 --> 00:13:32,270
with the dates of
the Solano County murders
260
00:13:32,312 --> 00:13:34,064
and ours,
261
00:13:34,105 --> 00:13:36,107
along with other items
that are on there,
262
00:13:36,149 --> 00:13:40,570
have definitely indicated to us
that they're one and the same.
263
00:13:42,238 --> 00:13:44,115
Nock: So, Thomas, there isn't
a letter sent
264
00:13:44,157 --> 00:13:46,117
after the murder
at Lake Berryessa,
265
00:13:46,159 --> 00:13:47,994
but the writing
on the car door
266
00:13:48,036 --> 00:13:49,537
and what is said
on the car door
267
00:13:49,579 --> 00:13:51,247
has the local authorities
convinced
268
00:13:51,289 --> 00:13:52,999
that this crime is connected
269
00:13:53,041 --> 00:13:54,334
to the Benicia
and Vallejo killings
270
00:13:54,376 --> 00:13:56,461
that we've talked about?
That's right.
271
00:13:56,503 --> 00:13:58,630
Before we get into whether you
agree with that assessment,
272
00:13:58,672 --> 00:14:02,300
I want to know if you are aware
that it wasn't just Cecelia
273
00:14:02,342 --> 00:14:05,387
and Bryan who saw the so-called
Zodiac Killer that day.
274
00:14:05,428 --> 00:14:07,847
Oh, yes.
There were others at the lake
275
00:14:07,889 --> 00:14:11,101
that day
who witnessed the killer.
276
00:14:11,142 --> 00:14:13,269
And, in fact, Cecelia
and the college girls
277
00:14:13,311 --> 00:14:17,607
gave very similar accounts of
what the attacker looked like.
278
00:14:19,317 --> 00:14:22,278
Nock: The college girls
Professor Horan is referring to
279
00:14:22,320 --> 00:14:24,614
have remained in the shadows
of the Zodiac story
280
00:14:24,656 --> 00:14:26,032
for half a century.
281
00:14:26,074 --> 00:14:27,701
But I found one of them.
282
00:14:27,742 --> 00:14:31,538
And bravely, she's coming on
camera for the very first time.
283
00:14:31,579 --> 00:14:41,089
**
284
00:14:41,131 --> 00:14:42,590
So, Linda,
thank you very much
285
00:14:42,632 --> 00:14:47,721
for coming to meet with me
here at Lake Berryessa.
286
00:14:47,762 --> 00:14:50,432
How does it feel
to be here?
287
00:14:50,473 --> 00:14:51,975
Not good.
288
00:14:52,017 --> 00:14:53,643
It's very emotional still.
289
00:14:53,685 --> 00:14:55,478
I have a lot of anxiety.
290
00:14:55,520 --> 00:15:00,567
I still -- You know,
I carried fear for decades.
291
00:15:02,235 --> 00:15:04,362
You haven't spoken
about this incident
292
00:15:04,404 --> 00:15:08,366
from September 27, 1969,
very often, have you?
293
00:15:08,408 --> 00:15:10,785
No,
I've never talked about it.
294
00:15:10,827 --> 00:15:13,163
I've kept it really quiet.
295
00:15:13,204 --> 00:15:16,207
My family doesn't
even know the details.
296
00:15:16,249 --> 00:15:19,085
You know, I did not want
my face out there, my name.
297
00:15:19,127 --> 00:15:23,590
So everything, I wanted
kept quiet, shut down.
298
00:15:23,631 --> 00:15:27,927
Because if I am one
of the only witnesses
299
00:15:27,969 --> 00:15:30,472
to seeing the Zodiac,
300
00:15:30,513 --> 00:15:32,807
I just assumed
he might come for me.
301
00:15:32,849 --> 00:15:36,186
**
302
00:15:39,481 --> 00:15:45,320
**
303
00:15:45,362 --> 00:15:47,864
Just being out here today,
here it comes again.
304
00:15:47,906 --> 00:15:51,993
I feel anxious
and unsettled.
305
00:15:52,035 --> 00:15:57,165
But he can't possibly be still
alive, is what I'm thinking.
306
00:15:57,207 --> 00:16:01,211
And so I'm trying to use
this experience
307
00:16:01,252 --> 00:16:04,464
as a way of healing for me
308
00:16:04,506 --> 00:16:08,218
and just let it be
a story from the past.
309
00:16:08,259 --> 00:16:16,226
**
310
00:16:16,267 --> 00:16:19,104
Bryan was my class
at Pacific Union College,
311
00:16:19,145 --> 00:16:23,024
and Cecelia was
my dormitory monitor.
312
00:16:23,066 --> 00:16:28,071
She's radiant,
tiny, petite,
313
00:16:28,113 --> 00:16:29,447
just glowing with light.
314
00:16:29,489 --> 00:16:33,076
She's kind, she's funny.
She was a music major.
315
00:16:33,118 --> 00:16:34,911
Very talented.
316
00:16:34,953 --> 00:16:39,457
Can you tell us what
and who you saw that day?
317
00:16:39,499 --> 00:16:43,461
It was a girlfriend
and her friend.
318
00:16:43,503 --> 00:16:48,133
And we drove to the lake,
319
00:16:48,174 --> 00:16:50,593
laid our towels down,
320
00:16:50,635 --> 00:16:54,472
and a few minutes later,
I looked up.
321
00:16:54,514 --> 00:16:59,728
And the oak tree
closest to us on the beach,
322
00:16:59,769 --> 00:17:04,274
there was a man
standing behind the oak tree.
323
00:17:04,315 --> 00:17:09,738
And he would kind of move
his head to watch us.
324
00:17:09,779 --> 00:17:11,281
So, you know,
we're whispering to each other,
325
00:17:11,322 --> 00:17:13,116
"Just don't look at him.
Don't look at him.
326
00:17:13,158 --> 00:17:15,201
And just
don't pay any attention."
327
00:17:15,243 --> 00:17:16,953
But every now and then,
I would look up,
328
00:17:16,995 --> 00:17:18,455
and he would be watching us,
329
00:17:18,496 --> 00:17:24,169
and he would move to another
tree to get a little closer.
330
00:17:24,210 --> 00:17:25,503
We're completely freaked out
331
00:17:25,545 --> 00:17:27,505
because now he's between us
and our car,
332
00:17:27,547 --> 00:17:29,841
which is parked
way up on the bank.
333
00:17:29,883 --> 00:17:34,888
And we were really,
really nervous.
334
00:17:34,929 --> 00:17:40,685
**
335
00:17:40,727 --> 00:17:43,688
We probably just
lay there tense,
336
00:17:43,730 --> 00:17:48,443
wanting to leave for
45 minutes or something.
337
00:17:50,028 --> 00:17:55,909
And eventually we looked up,
and he was gone.
338
00:17:55,950 --> 00:17:58,578
Didn't see him.
339
00:17:58,620 --> 00:18:02,874
And grabbed our towels,
ran up to the car.
340
00:18:04,668 --> 00:18:08,380
Noticed there was a car parked,
a little white car,
341
00:18:08,421 --> 00:18:11,049
a little bit down
the road to our left,
342
00:18:11,091 --> 00:18:13,093
but there was nobody in it.
343
00:18:13,134 --> 00:18:16,221
That was Bryan
and Cecelia's car.
344
00:18:16,262 --> 00:18:20,725
About the time we left,
Bryan and Cece arrived
345
00:18:20,767 --> 00:18:26,439
and they were literally the next
little inlet over from us.
346
00:18:26,481 --> 00:18:30,568
And then the next morning,
really early,
347
00:18:30,610 --> 00:18:35,490
we got word that Cece
and Bryan had been attacked.
348
00:18:35,532 --> 00:18:38,368
And when we heard the word
Lake Berryessa,
349
00:18:38,410 --> 00:18:39,786
we thought, "Oh, my God."
350
00:18:39,828 --> 00:18:45,333
So I went to the girls' dean
and told her our story.
351
00:18:45,375 --> 00:18:47,544
And so the girls' dean
called the police
352
00:18:47,585 --> 00:18:51,381
and they asked us
to come down and be interviewed.
353
00:18:53,591 --> 00:18:58,888
I spent hours and hours there
the first day and the next day
354
00:18:58,930 --> 00:19:01,725
and the next day
just trying to remember
355
00:19:01,766 --> 00:19:03,393
and trying
to place the timing
356
00:19:03,435 --> 00:19:06,229
and trying to describe
exactly where we were.
357
00:19:06,271 --> 00:19:09,566
And then working
with the artist
358
00:19:09,607 --> 00:19:13,737
to get an Identi-Kit
face out there.
359
00:19:13,778 --> 00:19:19,826
**
360
00:19:19,868 --> 00:19:25,540
When the funeral happened,
the FBI was on site,
361
00:19:25,582 --> 00:19:28,752
and I'm not sure
that's widely known.
362
00:19:28,793 --> 00:19:31,463
I only know because
they contacted me directly.
363
00:19:31,504 --> 00:19:34,799
And two agents and two cars
came to the funeral,
364
00:19:34,841 --> 00:19:40,305
and they asked me to stand
with them outside the church
365
00:19:40,347 --> 00:19:41,806
and just to observe
everybody coming
366
00:19:41,848 --> 00:19:47,103
on the thought that maybe
he would show up at the service.
367
00:19:47,145 --> 00:19:49,689
It was horrible.
368
00:19:49,731 --> 00:19:53,651
And I felt like I was the only
person with a possibility
369
00:19:53,693 --> 00:19:56,154
of identifying
somebody.
370
00:19:56,196 --> 00:20:01,117
And this is the photo
that was taken of me by the FBI.
371
00:20:01,159 --> 00:20:07,290
I could just see the headache
and the stress and the focus.
372
00:20:07,332 --> 00:20:09,292
It felt
really unfair for me
373
00:20:09,334 --> 00:20:12,921
to have to carry
that kind of a load.
374
00:20:12,962 --> 00:20:15,590
It was --
It was really difficult.
375
00:20:15,632 --> 00:20:19,803
I was concerned
for my safety for years.
376
00:20:19,844 --> 00:20:23,807
The police report says
approximately 28 years of age,
377
00:20:23,848 --> 00:20:27,811
6' to 6'2",
200 to 225 pounds.
378
00:20:27,852 --> 00:20:32,148
Black hair, possibly be styled
with a parting on the left.
379
00:20:32,190 --> 00:20:34,651
Yes.
380
00:20:34,693 --> 00:20:38,613
He had very smooth,
parted hair
381
00:20:38,655 --> 00:20:39,989
and combed really straight.
382
00:20:40,031 --> 00:20:43,576
So he looked really conservative
and really straight,
383
00:20:43,618 --> 00:20:46,079
just very intense,
you know, like focused.
384
00:20:46,121 --> 00:20:51,167
It just -- The vibes
coming off of him were were...
385
00:20:51,209 --> 00:20:53,336
were bad, dark.
386
00:20:53,378 --> 00:20:54,879
All of us felt that.
387
00:20:56,965 --> 00:20:59,843
Pass this to you
right now.
388
00:20:59,884 --> 00:21:02,846
When you see that,
what's going through your mind?
389
00:21:04,973 --> 00:21:06,933
[ Exhales sharply ]
390
00:21:08,560 --> 00:21:09,686
I see predator.
391
00:21:09,728 --> 00:21:12,230
I mean, I get fear.
392
00:21:12,272 --> 00:21:13,356
Um...
393
00:21:13,398 --> 00:21:16,192
It's accurate?
394
00:21:16,234 --> 00:21:17,527
I would say...
395
00:21:17,569 --> 00:21:20,655
certainly the hair
was exactly like this.
396
00:21:20,697 --> 00:21:24,868
It was conservative.
Parted this way.
397
00:21:24,909 --> 00:21:28,121
Eyes, the shape is right.
The mouth is right.
398
00:21:30,081 --> 00:21:33,877
So, Linda, do you feel
like the person that you saw
399
00:21:33,918 --> 00:21:38,757
was responsible for the attack
on Bryan and Cecelia?
400
00:21:38,798 --> 00:21:42,427
What are the chances
that somebody would follow us
401
00:21:42,469 --> 00:21:44,095
right there,
right at that timing,
402
00:21:44,137 --> 00:21:47,557
and then there's a crime
committed right next to it,
403
00:21:47,599 --> 00:21:51,644
and when we had such negative
reactions to this person?
404
00:21:51,686 --> 00:21:55,398
I felt like we saw
the Zodiac that day.
405
00:21:55,440 --> 00:22:01,696
**
406
00:22:01,738 --> 00:22:05,283
But there are other,
you know, drawings
407
00:22:05,325 --> 00:22:06,785
that came out
of the Zodiac
408
00:22:06,826 --> 00:22:10,080
that looked nothing like
what I thought I saw that day,
409
00:22:10,121 --> 00:22:13,416
so that confuses me.
410
00:22:13,458 --> 00:22:16,753
Now, what Linda
is referring to is this.
411
00:22:16,795 --> 00:22:20,757
This is the famous Zodiac sketch
that was made by law enforcement
412
00:22:20,799 --> 00:22:24,636
after the fourth so-called
Zodiac crime in San Francisco.
413
00:22:24,678 --> 00:22:26,513
I'm jumping ahead right now
in our documentary
414
00:22:26,554 --> 00:22:29,182
because you need
to see this sketch.
415
00:22:29,224 --> 00:22:30,684
This is considered by experts
416
00:22:30,725 --> 00:22:33,353
to be the best representation
of the Zodiac Killer
417
00:22:33,395 --> 00:22:36,481
because it comes from witnesses
of that fourth crime
418
00:22:36,523 --> 00:22:38,358
who gave police
what they believed
419
00:22:38,400 --> 00:22:39,776
was an accurate description.
420
00:22:39,818 --> 00:22:42,112
But the problem with it
is this.
421
00:22:42,153 --> 00:22:44,114
It looks nothing
like the Identi-Kit
422
00:22:44,155 --> 00:22:47,492
made from Linda Jensen's
description in the third crime,
423
00:22:47,534 --> 00:22:49,619
perhaps reinforcing
Horan's theory
424
00:22:49,661 --> 00:22:51,746
that there is not one killer.
425
00:22:54,916 --> 00:22:57,168
So this is the Identi-Kit
426
00:22:57,210 --> 00:22:59,796
that was taken that day
at Lake Berryessa.
427
00:22:59,838 --> 00:23:01,339
Collins: Yeah.
This is what Cecelia
428
00:23:01,381 --> 00:23:05,051
had described
as the suspect, Zodiac.
429
00:23:05,093 --> 00:23:07,679
This is -- This is
a good likeness of him.
430
00:23:07,721 --> 00:23:09,889
This description,
just to clarify,
431
00:23:09,931 --> 00:23:11,224
was from
the three students.
432
00:23:11,266 --> 00:23:12,976
Right.
But you think
that it matches...?
433
00:23:13,018 --> 00:23:14,811
Yeah. Yeah,
it matches what she said.
434
00:23:14,853 --> 00:23:17,063
So let me show you this.
435
00:23:17,105 --> 00:23:20,817
This is the sketch
from San Francisco.
436
00:23:20,859 --> 00:23:22,277
Not even --
Not even close.
437
00:23:22,318 --> 00:23:24,320
That's my question,
because one of the things
438
00:23:24,362 --> 00:23:27,323
I'm investigating
is the idea...
Not even close.
439
00:23:27,365 --> 00:23:31,077
...that there was
possibly two different killers.
No. No.
440
00:23:31,119 --> 00:23:33,413
And this would suggest that
it was two different people,
441
00:23:33,455 --> 00:23:35,665
to me.
Yeah.
442
00:23:35,707 --> 00:23:38,418
I don't think there are
two different people.
443
00:23:38,460 --> 00:23:39,753
I think there's only one,
444
00:23:39,794 --> 00:23:43,965
but I think this is
an accurate description.
445
00:23:44,007 --> 00:23:45,342
And this one?
446
00:23:45,383 --> 00:23:49,262
Well, my statement is this
is the accurate description.
447
00:23:49,304 --> 00:23:52,098
So you're more --
you're inclined to believe
448
00:23:52,140 --> 00:23:55,685
that there was one killer.
One killer.
449
00:23:55,727 --> 00:23:57,812
And that one killer looked
like the person
450
00:23:57,854 --> 00:24:00,648
that was seen
at Lake Berryessa.
Correct.
451
00:24:01,900 --> 00:24:04,694
Okay, so let's just
take stock of where we are.
452
00:24:04,736 --> 00:24:07,030
Without even examining
the fourth crime,
453
00:24:07,072 --> 00:24:09,824
what we know is that the witness
of a potential killer
454
00:24:09,866 --> 00:24:12,869
at Lake Berryessa,
Linda Jensen...
455
00:24:12,911 --> 00:24:15,455
and a deputy sheriff
who talked to Cecelia Shepard
456
00:24:15,497 --> 00:24:17,957
before she died,
Dave Collins,
457
00:24:17,999 --> 00:24:21,252
both state that the alleged
killer at Lake Berryessa
458
00:24:21,294 --> 00:24:24,547
looks nothing like the alleged
killer in San Francisco
459
00:24:24,589 --> 00:24:26,132
at the Paul Stine murder.
460
00:24:26,174 --> 00:24:28,343
Now, that's a clear win
for Professor Horan,
461
00:24:28,385 --> 00:24:31,429
who theorizes that the notion
of a single person
462
00:24:31,471 --> 00:24:33,973
as a Zodiac Killer is a myth.
463
00:24:34,015 --> 00:24:36,226
So if the killer of the third
and fourth murders
464
00:24:36,267 --> 00:24:40,188
is a different person, then
the question becomes this --
465
00:24:40,230 --> 00:24:43,066
could the killer of the third
crime at Lake Berryessa
466
00:24:43,108 --> 00:24:46,236
be the same killer
of the first two crimes
467
00:24:46,277 --> 00:24:48,154
in Benicia and Vallejo?
468
00:24:48,196 --> 00:24:49,739
Do the MOs match up?
469
00:24:49,781 --> 00:24:53,576
Or are there more differences
than similarities?
470
00:24:53,618 --> 00:24:56,121
Thomas,
there is no letter sent
471
00:24:56,162 --> 00:24:58,623
after the murder
at Lake Berryessa,
472
00:24:58,665 --> 00:25:00,583
but the killer writes
on the car door
473
00:25:00,625 --> 00:25:03,878
and very clearly connects this
crime to the first two crimes.
474
00:25:03,920 --> 00:25:05,422
But you're not convinced?
475
00:25:05,463 --> 00:25:08,550
Horan: That message that was
written on the car door
476
00:25:08,591 --> 00:25:11,428
is the only thing
that ties this crime
477
00:25:11,469 --> 00:25:13,888
to any other Zodiac murders.
478
00:25:13,930 --> 00:25:15,390
So the attacker
at Lake Berryessa,
479
00:25:15,432 --> 00:25:18,601
he wrote this message
on the door of the victim's car,
480
00:25:18,643 --> 00:25:19,894
implying that he's the guy
481
00:25:19,936 --> 00:25:22,272
writing the letters
to the newspapers.
482
00:25:22,313 --> 00:25:24,107
But he used
a black felt-tip pen
483
00:25:24,149 --> 00:25:27,444
because he didn't know that
the real "Zodiac letter writer"
484
00:25:27,485 --> 00:25:30,613
used a blue felt-tip pen.
485
00:25:30,655 --> 00:25:32,907
Point after
point after point,
486
00:25:32,949 --> 00:25:37,078
there is zero evidence that this
is not a copycat killer,
487
00:25:37,120 --> 00:25:40,832
and all the evidence points
to your typical copycat slaying.
488
00:25:40,874 --> 00:25:43,793
You have a completely
different MO.
489
00:25:43,835 --> 00:25:45,962
This is at a lake
in broad daylight,
490
00:25:46,004 --> 00:25:48,131
not at a lovers' lane
at night.
491
00:25:48,173 --> 00:25:50,925
He talked to the victim
for over 15 minutes.
492
00:25:50,967 --> 00:25:52,635
And we know
in the second crime,
493
00:25:52,677 --> 00:25:54,637
at least,
there was no conversation
494
00:25:54,679 --> 00:25:56,765
between the killer
and the victims.
495
00:25:56,806 --> 00:25:58,850
The weapon choice
is completely different.
496
00:25:58,892 --> 00:26:02,771
Here, a knife is used
and not a gun.
497
00:26:02,812 --> 00:26:04,856
He was wearing
this hood costume,
498
00:26:04,898 --> 00:26:08,985
bizarre getup with this
circled crosshairs symbol.
499
00:26:09,027 --> 00:26:12,280
All of these clues
that supposedly tie
500
00:26:12,322 --> 00:26:16,409
the attack at Lake Berryessa
to these Zodiac letters...
501
00:26:18,286 --> 00:26:22,791
...actually, they kind of prove
it was a copycat killer
502
00:26:22,832 --> 00:26:25,126
because
the entire first letter,
503
00:26:25,168 --> 00:26:27,170
including the circled
crosshair symbol,
504
00:26:27,212 --> 00:26:29,714
had been published
in some of the papers
505
00:26:29,756 --> 00:26:31,925
about eight weeks
before the attack.
506
00:26:31,966 --> 00:26:35,220
So anybody in Napa County
who wanted to commit this murder
507
00:26:35,261 --> 00:26:38,348
and try to blame it
on this famous code killer
508
00:26:38,390 --> 00:26:40,934
had all the information
he needed.
509
00:26:40,975 --> 00:26:42,435
I mean, he's had eight weeks
to practice
510
00:26:42,477 --> 00:26:44,688
imitating the handwriting
in the letters
511
00:26:44,729 --> 00:26:46,231
that were published
in the paper.
512
00:26:46,272 --> 00:26:49,484
He's had eight weeks to sew
a circled crosshair symbol
513
00:26:49,526 --> 00:26:50,860
onto his costume.
514
00:26:53,113 --> 00:26:56,908
Nock: Professor Horan isn't
alone in his skepticism here.
515
00:26:56,950 --> 00:26:58,660
One of the original
investigators,
516
00:26:58,702 --> 00:27:02,080
Napa County Sheriff's Department
Detective Ken Narlow,
517
00:27:02,122 --> 00:27:05,500
expressed bewilderment
at Zodiac's use of a costume,
518
00:27:05,542 --> 00:27:08,962
as he told filmmakers
in the 2007 documentary,
519
00:27:09,004 --> 00:27:11,548
"This is the Zodiac Speaking."
520
00:27:11,589 --> 00:27:13,591
One thing that's baffling is
521
00:27:13,633 --> 00:27:14,843
if you're going
to kill somebody,
522
00:27:14,884 --> 00:27:16,052
you normally
don't wear a mask
523
00:27:16,094 --> 00:27:17,762
because you got it
in your own mind
524
00:27:17,804 --> 00:27:19,097
you're gonna kill them.
525
00:27:19,139 --> 00:27:20,724
So why do you have
to hide your identity?
526
00:27:20,765 --> 00:27:24,769
So that's always been
a puzzling matter in this case.
527
00:27:24,811 --> 00:27:28,857
Why did the Zodiac
go through such a effort
528
00:27:28,898 --> 00:27:32,152
to make this mask
to horrify people
529
00:27:32,193 --> 00:27:33,737
if he knew
he was gonna kill them?
530
00:27:33,778 --> 00:27:40,452
**
531
00:27:40,493 --> 00:27:43,913
There's a theory that perhaps
this is more than one attacker
532
00:27:43,955 --> 00:27:45,707
claiming to be
the Zodiac Killer.
533
00:27:45,749 --> 00:27:49,502
Copycats are relatively rare,
but they can happen
534
00:27:49,544 --> 00:27:51,129
because another criminal
535
00:27:51,171 --> 00:27:53,340
is trying to get away
with their crimes
536
00:27:53,381 --> 00:27:55,925
and try to hide it
under somebody else's persona
537
00:27:55,967 --> 00:27:58,428
so that they're less
likely to be caught.
538
00:27:58,470 --> 00:28:01,181
But oftentimes we do see
serial killers change course
539
00:28:01,222 --> 00:28:04,267
because they get bored
of the first type of killing.
540
00:28:04,309 --> 00:28:07,562
And in order to get the same
kind of high from that thrill
541
00:28:07,604 --> 00:28:09,230
that they get from killing,
542
00:28:09,272 --> 00:28:11,149
they have to change the way
that they're attacking a victim,
543
00:28:11,191 --> 00:28:12,901
maybe even make it harder
for themselves
544
00:28:12,942 --> 00:28:15,945
to get out or get away.
545
00:28:15,987 --> 00:28:19,657
Now, Dr. Ho's point
about a change in modus operandi
546
00:28:19,699 --> 00:28:21,284
is backed up by fact.
547
00:28:21,326 --> 00:28:24,537
Serial killer Ted Bundy
broke into the houses of women
548
00:28:24,579 --> 00:28:26,164
in his first two attacks,
549
00:28:26,206 --> 00:28:27,832
but then he changed his MO
550
00:28:27,874 --> 00:28:29,542
and lured women into his car.
551
00:28:29,584 --> 00:28:33,505
Four years later, he went back
to breaking and entering.
552
00:28:33,546 --> 00:28:34,881
But maybe the best example
553
00:28:34,923 --> 00:28:37,050
is the case of
the Sunday Morning Slasher,
554
00:28:37,092 --> 00:28:38,927
Carl Eugene Watts --
555
00:28:38,968 --> 00:28:40,887
one of the most prolific
serial killers
556
00:28:40,929 --> 00:28:42,263
in American history.
557
00:28:42,305 --> 00:28:43,640
If you look at his crimes,
558
00:28:43,682 --> 00:28:46,142
he was constantly
changing his MOs,
559
00:28:46,184 --> 00:28:48,353
though it's impossible to know
if he was looking to keep
560
00:28:48,395 --> 00:28:52,190
the thrill of killing going by
finding new ways to kill
561
00:28:52,232 --> 00:28:54,901
or whether he was just trying
to perfect his MO.
562
00:28:56,861 --> 00:28:58,988
So if you
ultimately are right
563
00:28:59,030 --> 00:29:01,199
and this was the work
of a copycat killer,
564
00:29:01,241 --> 00:29:04,285
who's your primary suspect
for the Lake Berryessa killing?
565
00:29:04,327 --> 00:29:06,996
Your first two suspects
in a murder investigation
566
00:29:07,038 --> 00:29:10,375
are the last person
to see the victim alive
567
00:29:10,417 --> 00:29:13,628
and the person who reported
finding the body.
568
00:29:13,670 --> 00:29:16,840
Now, there is a person
we know was present
569
00:29:16,881 --> 00:29:18,883
at the crime scene
that day.
570
00:29:18,925 --> 00:29:22,512
We know he followed the victims
to where they parked their car.
571
00:29:22,554 --> 00:29:26,599
We know that he tampered with
evidence at the crime scene.
572
00:29:26,641 --> 00:29:29,102
And then he happens to match
the description
573
00:29:29,144 --> 00:29:31,479
of the killer
pretty closely.
574
00:29:31,521 --> 00:29:35,233
Bryan Hartnell said that his
first impression of this man
575
00:29:35,275 --> 00:29:37,652
was that the killer
had come back.
576
00:29:37,694 --> 00:29:41,448
That turned out to be
park ranger Dennis Land.
577
00:29:41,489 --> 00:29:46,953
**
578
00:29:49,914 --> 00:29:56,046
**
579
00:29:56,087 --> 00:29:58,757
Beeson: After the attack
of Bryan Hartnell
580
00:29:58,798 --> 00:30:00,884
and Cecelia Shepard,
the police are called.
581
00:30:00,925 --> 00:30:03,803
They show up to the crime scene
and the police say,
582
00:30:03,845 --> 00:30:05,263
"Where is the crime scene?"
583
00:30:05,305 --> 00:30:06,806
And they're like,
"We don't know."
584
00:30:06,848 --> 00:30:08,808
The park ranger, Dennis Land,
removed the crime scene,
585
00:30:08,850 --> 00:30:13,980
which was a blanket with some
of their items on the blanket.
586
00:30:14,022 --> 00:30:15,106
Dennis Land had taken
that with him
587
00:30:15,148 --> 00:30:17,942
back to the park ranger station.
588
00:30:17,984 --> 00:30:20,362
As a professional investigator,
589
00:30:20,403 --> 00:30:24,240
I can't explain why
any trained officer
590
00:30:24,282 --> 00:30:27,118
would touch a crime scene.
591
00:30:27,160 --> 00:30:29,245
You don't ever touch
a crime scene
592
00:30:29,287 --> 00:30:32,707
because what you're doing
is implicating yourself.
593
00:30:36,711 --> 00:30:40,840
Nock: Park ranger Dennis Land
collected up the crime scene
594
00:30:40,882 --> 00:30:42,217
and then put it into a box
595
00:30:42,258 --> 00:30:44,302
and almost like presented it
to the sheriff.
596
00:30:44,344 --> 00:30:48,223
Is that --
Is that accurate?
597
00:30:48,264 --> 00:30:51,142
That is pretty ac--
598
00:30:51,184 --> 00:30:55,313
I don't know who gathered
it up exactly,
599
00:30:55,355 --> 00:30:59,526
but somebody did gather it up
and they did put it into a box
600
00:30:59,567 --> 00:31:05,532
and that box was turned over
to the detective bureau.
601
00:31:05,573 --> 00:31:08,702
Nock: It's a moment
the original detective recounted
602
00:31:08,743 --> 00:31:10,954
in the 2007 documentary,
603
00:31:10,995 --> 00:31:12,622
"This is the Zodiac Speaking."
604
00:31:12,664 --> 00:31:14,624
It didn't really make me
too happy at the time
605
00:31:14,666 --> 00:31:16,710
because I couldn't actually
go to the crime scene
606
00:31:16,751 --> 00:31:20,547
because someone, thinking
they were doing the good --
607
00:31:20,588 --> 00:31:22,882
the good thing and the right
thing by protecting it,
608
00:31:22,924 --> 00:31:26,553
actually bundled up the blanket
and the clothing and stuff
609
00:31:26,594 --> 00:31:30,265
that was there and --
and took it into his custody
610
00:31:30,306 --> 00:31:33,435
at Berryessa Lake Park
headquarters.
611
00:31:33,476 --> 00:31:35,395
He thought at the time
he was doing a very good thing,
612
00:31:35,437 --> 00:31:38,356
but at the same time, it took us
away from the opportunity
613
00:31:38,398 --> 00:31:40,191
to actually view
the crime scene.
614
00:31:40,233 --> 00:31:42,736
So put it in
a few simple words,
615
00:31:42,777 --> 00:31:44,738
there wasn't really
a crime scene to view.
616
00:31:44,779 --> 00:31:45,864
[ Chuckles ]
617
00:31:47,782 --> 00:31:50,326
Thomas, it's clear
that Dennis Land
618
00:31:50,368 --> 00:31:52,328
compromised
the crime scene,
619
00:31:52,370 --> 00:31:53,955
much to the chagrin
of these investigators.
620
00:31:53,997 --> 00:31:57,584
But you also mentioned something
else that piqued my interest.
621
00:31:57,625 --> 00:31:59,753
What else makes you believe
he could be the killer?
622
00:31:59,794 --> 00:32:03,590
When you look at the log
of the radio dispatcher
623
00:32:03,631 --> 00:32:06,760
at the park ranger station
and records of calls
624
00:32:06,801 --> 00:32:09,554
between the station
and Dennis Land,
625
00:32:09,596 --> 00:32:13,475
at 6:13 p.m., he radioed
in to the dispatcher
626
00:32:13,516 --> 00:32:15,101
that he was going
to go 10-7.
627
00:32:15,143 --> 00:32:18,605
He was gonna go out of radio
contact and go check the marina.
628
00:32:18,646 --> 00:32:21,191
And 10-8 would mean that
he was back in radio contact,
629
00:32:21,232 --> 00:32:22,609
which is procedure.
630
00:32:22,650 --> 00:32:24,652
But Land never radios
a 10-8.
631
00:32:24,694 --> 00:32:27,655
So there's a missing time gap
of roughly 47 minutes
632
00:32:27,697 --> 00:32:30,617
until they get a report
of the stabbing at 7:00 p.m.
633
00:32:30,658 --> 00:32:32,452
And if you look at the total
amount of time
634
00:32:32,494 --> 00:32:34,329
that he's
out of radio contact,
635
00:32:34,371 --> 00:32:37,707
the killer appears,
he attacks them, he leaves.
636
00:32:37,749 --> 00:32:40,251
That's pretty much
precisely the time
637
00:32:40,293 --> 00:32:44,339
that Dennis Land
was out of radio contact.
638
00:32:44,381 --> 00:32:46,174
Thomas, let's play
out your theory.
639
00:32:46,216 --> 00:32:48,301
If Dennis Land
is the killer,
640
00:32:48,343 --> 00:32:50,679
did he even have
the wherewithal to do this?
641
00:32:50,720 --> 00:32:51,721
Absolutely.
642
00:32:51,763 --> 00:32:54,015
He tampered
with the crime scene.
643
00:32:54,057 --> 00:32:57,143
He had his associate's degree
in criminal justice
644
00:32:57,185 --> 00:32:59,187
and he had
eight years experience
645
00:32:59,229 --> 00:33:00,647
as a military policeman.
646
00:33:00,689 --> 00:33:05,151
So Dennis Land
really knew better.
647
00:33:05,193 --> 00:33:06,528
What kind of guy
was Dennis Land?
648
00:33:06,569 --> 00:33:10,031
Honest as a day is long.
Honest as the day is long.
649
00:33:10,073 --> 00:33:12,992
Would bend over backwards
to help anybody with anything.
650
00:33:13,034 --> 00:33:16,079
He was a good man.
651
00:33:16,121 --> 00:33:18,248
I just want to
say this to you.
652
00:33:18,289 --> 00:33:19,791
You should be very careful
653
00:33:19,833 --> 00:33:22,877
when Thomas Horan says
that certain things happened.
654
00:33:22,919 --> 00:33:27,424
Thomas Horan claims that Dennis
Land was under investigation.
655
00:33:27,465 --> 00:33:29,801
There's absolutely
no credible evidence
656
00:33:29,843 --> 00:33:33,805
that Dennis Land was involved
in the crime at all.
657
00:33:35,765 --> 00:33:38,685
No other police officer in
any of the Zodiac murder cases
658
00:33:38,727 --> 00:33:43,189
was asked to swear out
a formal affidavit under oath.
659
00:33:43,231 --> 00:33:45,942
Only Dennis Land.
660
00:33:45,984 --> 00:33:48,403
He's the only person
who was known to be at the lake
661
00:33:48,445 --> 00:33:51,698
that day
who's not accounted for.
662
00:33:51,740 --> 00:33:53,450
Nock: You know, there's simply
no way to know
663
00:33:53,491 --> 00:33:55,952
if Dennis Land was connected.
664
00:33:55,994 --> 00:33:57,579
But I'll go back to this.
665
00:33:57,620 --> 00:33:59,581
This is the Identi-Kit of
666
00:33:59,622 --> 00:34:01,458
the man both Cecelia described
667
00:34:01,499 --> 00:34:03,835
and Linda Jensen,
the witness, saw.
668
00:34:03,877 --> 00:34:07,380
And this is what makes the
Zodiac cold case so fascinating,
669
00:34:07,422 --> 00:34:10,925
so infuriating
and so curious to so many.
670
00:34:10,967 --> 00:34:14,346
Thomas brings up good
convincing points about Land,
671
00:34:14,387 --> 00:34:17,098
but it appears obvious
that these two images,
672
00:34:17,140 --> 00:34:18,933
they don't look alike.
673
00:34:21,436 --> 00:34:23,229
After the murder at
Lake Berryessa,
674
00:34:23,271 --> 00:34:24,773
no one was arrested,
675
00:34:24,814 --> 00:34:27,484
but the investigation
continued on
676
00:34:27,525 --> 00:34:29,611
and the authorities
now felt certain
677
00:34:29,652 --> 00:34:32,864
that this attack
was not an isolated incident.
678
00:34:35,950 --> 00:34:37,369
Man: There have been
three slayings
679
00:34:37,410 --> 00:34:38,870
in the Vallejo area
in the past year,
680
00:34:38,912 --> 00:34:41,414
and activities
at the sheriff's office today
681
00:34:41,456 --> 00:34:44,250
were centered around
linking the cases.
682
00:34:44,292 --> 00:34:47,253
Because of the writing on
the car door at Lake Berryessa
683
00:34:47,295 --> 00:34:50,382
and because of its proximity
to the murders in Solano County,
684
00:34:50,423 --> 00:34:52,092
which is the county
next door,
685
00:34:52,133 --> 00:34:55,011
the authorities begin to connect
all three crimes.
686
00:34:55,053 --> 00:34:56,012
Horan: That's right.
687
00:34:56,054 --> 00:34:57,222
But the biggest hole
688
00:34:57,263 --> 00:34:58,723
in the whole Zodiac theory
of all
689
00:34:58,765 --> 00:35:01,184
is that where's the Zodiac
letter about the attack
690
00:35:01,226 --> 00:35:02,268
at Lake Berryessa?
691
00:35:02,310 --> 00:35:04,771
Where is it?
692
00:35:04,813 --> 00:35:06,773
Nock: Now, there wasn't
a letter sent
693
00:35:06,815 --> 00:35:08,608
after the attack at the lake.
694
00:35:08,650 --> 00:35:11,319
It's not until the Paul Stine
murder in San Francisco,
695
00:35:11,361 --> 00:35:13,363
which comes more
than two weeks later,
696
00:35:13,405 --> 00:35:16,074
that a flurry of letters
arrives again
697
00:35:16,116 --> 00:35:19,619
and apparently doesn't stop
until July 1974.
698
00:35:19,661 --> 00:35:24,874
28 more letters come after
the Paul Stine murder.
699
00:35:24,916 --> 00:35:26,376
And it's these 28
700
00:35:26,418 --> 00:35:28,962
that Professor Horan
has an issue with.
701
00:35:29,004 --> 00:35:33,383
In my opinion, the only
really authentic Zodiac letters
702
00:35:33,425 --> 00:35:34,718
are the first three letters
703
00:35:34,759 --> 00:35:37,846
that were mailed
to the papers with the code.
704
00:35:37,887 --> 00:35:40,807
Then immediately
there was a follow up letter.
705
00:35:40,849 --> 00:35:44,519
After that,
there were serious doubts.
706
00:35:44,561 --> 00:35:47,689
Nock:
So Professor Horan believes
that the first four letters
707
00:35:47,731 --> 00:35:50,442
that arrived after the so-called
second Zodiac murder
708
00:35:50,483 --> 00:35:51,985
could be legitimate.
709
00:35:52,027 --> 00:35:53,611
But the remaining 28
that arrived
710
00:35:53,653 --> 00:35:56,781
after the Paul Stine murders
are not.
711
00:35:56,823 --> 00:36:00,326
It's these 32 letters that
I sent to the French experts.
712
00:36:00,368 --> 00:36:04,956
**
713
00:36:04,998 --> 00:36:07,959
The men specialize in
computational linguistics,
714
00:36:08,001 --> 00:36:10,712
meaning they apply
computer science to the analysis
715
00:36:10,754 --> 00:36:13,256
and synthesis of language
and speech,
716
00:36:13,298 --> 00:36:15,467
and they run it through
a customized artificial
717
00:36:15,508 --> 00:36:17,010
intelligence model.
718
00:36:17,052 --> 00:36:20,347
Computational linguistics
could offer empirical evidence
719
00:36:20,388 --> 00:36:22,182
to support Thomas's claims.
720
00:36:22,223 --> 00:36:24,809
Now, as far as we know,
this is the first time
721
00:36:24,851 --> 00:36:28,438
the 32 letters have ever been
analyzed in this way.
722
00:36:28,480 --> 00:36:32,984
[ Ringing,
computer chimes ]
723
00:36:33,026 --> 00:36:34,944
Hi, Florian.
Hi, Jean-Baptiste.
724
00:36:34,986 --> 00:36:36,821
Hi, Andrew.
Cafiero: Hi, Andrew.
725
00:36:36,863 --> 00:36:39,824
It's been a few weeks since
I sent you the Zodiac letters,
726
00:36:39,866 --> 00:36:43,411
and I'm dying to find out
what you've discovered.
727
00:36:57,926 --> 00:37:00,637
**
728
00:37:06,893 --> 00:37:09,104
Nock: Gentlemen, thank you
very much for your time.
729
00:37:09,145 --> 00:37:11,940
So, I would like to start
by explaining what you're doing
730
00:37:11,981 --> 00:37:15,068
with computational linguistics
and stylometry
731
00:37:15,110 --> 00:37:18,196
and how it differs
from handwriting analysis.
732
00:38:09,205 --> 00:38:11,916
Is that something
that's easily changeable?
733
00:38:37,275 --> 00:38:39,694
Okay, that's interesting
because what we're trying to
734
00:38:39,736 --> 00:38:43,698
understand about these letters
is not so much who wrote them,
735
00:38:43,740 --> 00:38:45,825
but whether or not
one single person
736
00:38:45,867 --> 00:38:47,619
wrote all of those letters
737
00:38:47,660 --> 00:38:49,704
or if there's multiple
letter writers.
738
00:38:49,746 --> 00:38:50,955
And so if you see a change
739
00:38:50,997 --> 00:38:53,083
in this individual
stylistic genome,
740
00:38:53,124 --> 00:38:57,295
as you call it, at some point in
the sequence of the 32 letters,
741
00:38:57,337 --> 00:38:58,755
then that could indicate
742
00:38:58,797 --> 00:39:01,216
that there's more than
one letter writer, right?
743
00:39:02,550 --> 00:39:05,970
And so just so I understand
what you're doing here,
744
00:39:06,012 --> 00:39:08,765
you know, can we walk away
with a certainty of the results
745
00:39:08,807 --> 00:39:10,600
or the findings,
whatever they are,
746
00:39:10,642 --> 00:39:12,977
that they're gonna be
100% accurate?
747
00:39:27,075 --> 00:39:28,243
Okay.
748
00:39:36,668 --> 00:39:38,128
Okay, understood.
749
00:39:38,169 --> 00:39:39,754
So when you're looking
at the Zodiac letters,
750
00:39:39,796 --> 00:39:42,257
what's the first step
in your process?
751
00:40:36,936 --> 00:40:39,022
Okay. Let me just
stop you for a second.
752
00:40:39,064 --> 00:40:41,816
You said that at a certain point
you see a subtle change.
753
00:40:41,858 --> 00:40:43,860
When is that point?
754
00:41:16,434 --> 00:41:19,187
But that subtle change in style,
couldn't that be purposeful?
755
00:41:19,229 --> 00:41:20,772
Couldn't it be intentional
756
00:41:20,814 --> 00:41:23,066
to kind of throw off
the investigators?
757
00:41:42,544 --> 00:41:43,962
Okay.
758
00:41:50,635 --> 00:41:52,595
Okay.
Just let me summarize
759
00:41:52,637 --> 00:41:54,347
because you're seeing
noticeable changes
760
00:41:54,389 --> 00:41:57,100
in the function words
from the four letters
761
00:41:57,142 --> 00:41:59,144
before Paul Stine's murder
762
00:41:59,185 --> 00:42:02,188
to the 28 letters
after the Paul Stine murder.
763
00:42:02,230 --> 00:42:05,483
You're able to conclude that
there is likely a change
764
00:42:05,525 --> 00:42:06,985
in the letter writer?
765
00:42:08,111 --> 00:42:09,779
That is likely more
than one person
766
00:42:09,821 --> 00:42:12,824
writing these letters --
at least two?
767
00:42:28,882 --> 00:42:30,675
Okay. Wow.
768
00:42:30,717 --> 00:42:33,470
That's -- I think that's really
significant that
769
00:42:33,511 --> 00:42:36,931
that's a possibility,
because a lot of researchers,
770
00:42:36,973 --> 00:42:39,476
a lot of Zodiac researchers
and detectives,
771
00:42:39,517 --> 00:42:43,355
they all believe that these
letters are from one person.
772
00:43:10,548 --> 00:43:13,426
**
773
00:43:16,888 --> 00:43:26,439
**
774
00:43:26,481 --> 00:43:35,407
**
775
00:43:35,448 --> 00:43:39,452
Butterfield:
Approximately two weeks after
the attack at Lake Berryessa,
776
00:43:39,494 --> 00:43:44,833
someone hailed a cab
in San Francisco.
777
00:43:44,874 --> 00:43:46,710
29-year-old cab
driver Paul Stine
778
00:43:46,751 --> 00:43:50,130
apparently picked up a fare
somewhere near the intersection
779
00:43:50,171 --> 00:43:53,925
of Mason and Geary
in San Francisco.
780
00:43:53,967 --> 00:43:57,637
The passenger allegedly
directed him to an intersection
781
00:43:57,679 --> 00:44:01,808
at Washington
and Maple Streets,
782
00:44:01,850 --> 00:44:04,728
which was in an upscale
residential neighborhood
783
00:44:04,769 --> 00:44:06,646
known as Presidio Heights.
784
00:44:06,688 --> 00:44:15,447
**
785
00:44:15,488 --> 00:44:23,997
**
786
00:44:24,039 --> 00:44:27,167
[ Gunshot fires ]
787
00:44:27,208 --> 00:44:28,918
[ Engine idling ]
788
00:44:28,960 --> 00:44:30,378
[ Car door opens ]
789
00:44:33,798 --> 00:44:37,510
Some kids who were in a house
across the street heard a noise
790
00:44:37,552 --> 00:44:41,139
or saw something suspicious
which alerted them,
791
00:44:41,181 --> 00:44:42,849
and they looked outside
and saw a man
792
00:44:42,891 --> 00:44:47,270
inside the cab
handling Paul Stine's body.
793
00:44:49,564 --> 00:44:54,402
The man had apparently shot
Paul Stine once in the head.
794
00:44:56,571 --> 00:44:59,282
The witnesses watched him
get out of the cab
795
00:44:59,324 --> 00:45:02,035
and walk around
to the driver's side
796
00:45:02,077 --> 00:45:04,204
with a piece of cloth
in his hand.
797
00:45:04,245 --> 00:45:06,206
And he appeared
to be wiping down
798
00:45:06,247 --> 00:45:10,543
that side of the cab
on the driver's side.
799
00:45:10,585 --> 00:45:13,963
The man then turned,
went around the cab
800
00:45:14,005 --> 00:45:16,216
and walked north
on Cherry Street.
801
00:45:16,257 --> 00:45:23,014
**
802
00:45:23,056 --> 00:45:25,350
The kids called the police.
803
00:45:25,392 --> 00:45:28,436
We don't know exactly
what happened or why,
804
00:45:28,478 --> 00:45:31,731
but at a certain point,
their description of the killer
805
00:45:31,773 --> 00:45:35,568
was broadcast incorrectly
to responding officers
806
00:45:35,610 --> 00:45:39,239
as a Black man
instead of a white man.
807
00:45:39,280 --> 00:45:41,449
It's possible that when
they were describing
808
00:45:41,491 --> 00:45:44,077
the killer's clothing
as dark or black,
809
00:45:44,119 --> 00:45:48,748
that that was misunderstood
as the race of the killer.
810
00:45:48,790 --> 00:45:52,460
Whatever happened, the killer
went north on Cherry Street
811
00:45:52,502 --> 00:45:55,088
and apparently turned east
on Jackson Street,
812
00:45:55,130 --> 00:45:58,925
one block further north.
813
00:45:58,967 --> 00:46:00,802
Falzon: There was a white man
814
00:46:00,844 --> 00:46:04,347
seen walking away
from the crime scene.
815
00:46:04,389 --> 00:46:09,269
In fact, responding officers
stopped him.
816
00:46:09,310 --> 00:46:12,605
There was an officer
named Donald Fouke
817
00:46:12,647 --> 00:46:14,941
who was with his partner
that night, Eric Zelms,
818
00:46:14,983 --> 00:46:16,484
and they believed
they saw the man
819
00:46:16,526 --> 00:46:18,903
walking in the Presidio
that night,
820
00:46:18,945 --> 00:46:21,281
and they're pretty sure, just
based on where Stine was shot,
821
00:46:21,322 --> 00:46:23,616
that they did see the attacker.
822
00:46:23,658 --> 00:46:25,493
It's mostly believed
that Donald Fouke
823
00:46:25,535 --> 00:46:28,621
did witness
the Zodiac Killer that night,
824
00:46:28,663 --> 00:46:34,502
and he described him as a
barrel-chested man about 5'10".
825
00:46:34,544 --> 00:46:37,672
He had a blondish
colored crew cut
826
00:46:37,714 --> 00:46:41,968
and was wearing what he called
an engineer's type boot.
827
00:46:42,010 --> 00:46:43,595
[ Police radio chatter ]
828
00:46:43,636 --> 00:46:46,931
Unfortunately,
when they make the stop,
829
00:46:46,973 --> 00:46:48,808
coming over the police radio
830
00:46:48,850 --> 00:46:52,729
is a suspect has been described
as a Black male.
831
00:46:52,771 --> 00:46:55,815
So when he said he didn't see
anything or hear anything,
832
00:46:55,857 --> 00:46:57,650
they thanked him
and he walks away.
833
00:46:57,692 --> 00:47:02,572
They drive off. They later
put two and two together.
834
00:47:02,614 --> 00:47:04,240
It wasn't a Black suspect.
835
00:47:04,282 --> 00:47:07,410
It was him,
the man that killed Paul Stine
836
00:47:07,452 --> 00:47:09,204
the cabdriver.
837
00:47:09,245 --> 00:47:14,668
**
838
00:47:14,709 --> 00:47:18,380
Beeson: Because of this screw up
with the police dispatch,
839
00:47:18,421 --> 00:47:21,132
they missed
a golden opportunity.
840
00:47:21,174 --> 00:47:22,717
He slipped into the darkness,
841
00:47:22,759 --> 00:47:26,554
into the park area after the
murder and was never seen again.
842
00:47:26,596 --> 00:47:34,688
**
843
00:47:34,729 --> 00:47:36,856
The famous Zodiac Killer sketch
844
00:47:36,898 --> 00:47:40,610
comes from the eyewitness
accounts from those kids.
845
00:47:40,652 --> 00:47:42,362
That sketch was developed
and later
846
00:47:42,404 --> 00:47:45,699
shown to Officer Donald Fouke,
who pretty much agreed with it,
847
00:47:45,740 --> 00:47:50,161
said that pretty much
looked like the man that he saw.
848
00:47:50,203 --> 00:47:53,581
I think that sketch may be
the most accurate portrait
849
00:47:53,623 --> 00:47:55,709
of the Zodiac we'll ever get.
850
00:47:55,750 --> 00:48:01,256
**
851
00:48:01,297 --> 00:48:03,174
Horan: With the attack
at Lake Berryessa
852
00:48:03,216 --> 00:48:04,718
and the shooting
in San Francisco,
853
00:48:04,759 --> 00:48:07,345
both sets of investigators
think they know
854
00:48:07,387 --> 00:48:08,972
what the attacker
looks like,
855
00:48:09,014 --> 00:48:14,394
but clearly these sketches don't
appear to be the same person.
856
00:48:14,436 --> 00:48:16,813
So, Thomas, if the sketches
of the perpetrator
857
00:48:16,855 --> 00:48:18,273
look nothing alike,
858
00:48:18,314 --> 00:48:20,150
there's got to be other aspects
of the murder that match
859
00:48:20,191 --> 00:48:22,986
what happened in the other
three Zodiac crimes before this,
860
00:48:23,028 --> 00:48:27,240
leading investigators to think
all four crimes are connected.
861
00:48:27,282 --> 00:48:28,742
No.
862
00:48:28,783 --> 00:48:31,369
Here's the funny thing
about the Paul Stine murder.
863
00:48:31,411 --> 00:48:33,163
It is totally different
from all the other
864
00:48:33,204 --> 00:48:34,622
so-called Zodiac killings.
865
00:48:34,664 --> 00:48:38,251
It's a single man.
It's not a couple.
866
00:48:38,293 --> 00:48:40,879
This is obviously
not a lovers' lane.
867
00:48:40,920 --> 00:48:43,798
They didn't meet randomly
at the crime scene.
868
00:48:43,840 --> 00:48:47,135
The victim actually drove
the killer to the crime scene.
869
00:48:47,177 --> 00:48:51,431
The motive seems to be more
like an assassination.
870
00:48:51,473 --> 00:48:53,183
It's a similar weapon
to the shooting
871
00:48:53,224 --> 00:48:54,768
at Blue Rock Springs Park.
872
00:48:54,809 --> 00:48:57,896
It is
a .9 millimeter handgun.
873
00:48:57,937 --> 00:49:03,443
It's a very cold, calculating,
almost professional killer.
874
00:49:03,485 --> 00:49:05,653
I mean, we don't see
any of this behavior
875
00:49:05,695 --> 00:49:06,905
with the
other Zodiac crimes,
876
00:49:06,946 --> 00:49:08,531
especially the first
two shootings.
877
00:49:08,573 --> 00:49:11,951
It's show up, bang, bang, bang,
get the heck out.
878
00:49:11,993 --> 00:49:15,455
All of these things just seem
to be completely different.
879
00:49:19,584 --> 00:49:23,296
So did San Francisco PD
ever investigate Paul Stine?
880
00:49:23,338 --> 00:49:25,090
Beeson: Yes, and nothing
ever came of it.
881
00:49:25,131 --> 00:49:28,343
I was very fortunate
to get to interview somebody
882
00:49:28,385 --> 00:49:29,886
that knew Paul Stine
really well,
883
00:49:29,928 --> 00:49:32,555
and he said, "I knew Paul Stine,
and I could tell you
884
00:49:32,597 --> 00:49:36,267
that he is actually
the sweetest man I ever knew.
885
00:49:36,309 --> 00:49:40,980
He was driving a cab, but he had
a lot further aspirations."
886
00:49:41,022 --> 00:49:42,732
He was a newlywed.
887
00:49:42,774 --> 00:49:44,651
It was just extremely tragic
888
00:49:44,693 --> 00:49:46,903
that that would happen
to him like it did.
889
00:49:46,945 --> 00:49:49,364
So you don't think
that he had any enemies?
890
00:49:49,406 --> 00:49:53,284
You think it was just a random
killing as a taxi driver?
891
00:49:53,326 --> 00:49:56,871
I think the Paul Stine murder
was completely random.
892
00:49:56,913 --> 00:49:58,331
I've never seen
anything credible
893
00:49:58,373 --> 00:50:00,709
to make me think
that he was targeted.
894
00:50:02,877 --> 00:50:05,005
Nock:
And so for those reasons,
895
00:50:05,046 --> 00:50:08,258
along with the fact that
San Francisco is 31 miles away
896
00:50:08,299 --> 00:50:12,721
from Vallejo and 71 miles away
from Lake Berryessa,
897
00:50:12,762 --> 00:50:15,598
law enforcement at the time
figured Paul Stine's murder
898
00:50:15,640 --> 00:50:18,393
was just another routine robbery
and murder of a cabbie.
899
00:50:18,435 --> 00:50:22,856
No one suspected this crime
might be related to the Zodiac.
900
00:50:22,897 --> 00:50:27,444
That is until a few days later,
on October 13th.
901
00:50:29,571 --> 00:50:32,073
Two days after the murder
of Paul Stine,
902
00:50:32,115 --> 00:50:35,118
a letter arrived at
the San Francisco Chronicle
903
00:50:35,160 --> 00:50:36,745
that said...
904
00:50:36,786 --> 00:50:39,289
Falzon:
"This is the Zodiac speaking.
905
00:50:39,330 --> 00:50:42,292
I am the murderer
of the taxi driver
906
00:50:42,334 --> 00:50:47,547
over by Washington Street
and Maple Street last night."
907
00:50:49,382 --> 00:50:52,218
Butterfield: Obviously, the fact
that the killer started killing
908
00:50:52,260 --> 00:50:53,762
in San Francisco
909
00:50:53,803 --> 00:50:56,097
in a wealthy,
upscale neighborhood
910
00:50:56,139 --> 00:50:58,933
changed the narrative
of this case.
911
00:50:58,975 --> 00:51:01,061
But we have to remember
also that in the letter
912
00:51:01,102 --> 00:51:03,980
where he took credit
for the murder of Paul Stine,
913
00:51:04,022 --> 00:51:07,650
he threatened to attack
a school bus full of children,
914
00:51:07,692 --> 00:51:12,113
and that escalated
things dramatically.
915
00:51:12,155 --> 00:51:14,741
Lee: "Schoolchildren
make fine targets.
916
00:51:14,783 --> 00:51:18,953
I think I shall wipe out
a school bus some morning."
917
00:51:18,995 --> 00:51:23,500
Now there's a visible rise
of adrenalin in the newsroom.
918
00:51:23,541 --> 00:51:25,960
Nobody's ever seen
anything quite like it.
919
00:51:26,002 --> 00:51:27,754
Beeson: When the Zodiac
wrote that letter,
920
00:51:27,796 --> 00:51:31,383
it was the pinnacle of fear
in the city of San Francisco
921
00:51:31,424 --> 00:51:34,719
because they absolutely believed
he was gonna act on this
922
00:51:34,761 --> 00:51:38,056
and actually start
shooting schoolchildren.
923
00:51:38,098 --> 00:51:39,641
Falzon: How scary.
924
00:51:39,683 --> 00:51:44,771
It was threats that needed to be
followed up, taken seriously.
925
00:51:44,813 --> 00:51:46,606
Man: Police units from
various agencies
926
00:51:46,648 --> 00:51:48,358
using marked
and unmarked cars
927
00:51:48,400 --> 00:51:52,779
followed busses on their runs
to and from schools.
928
00:51:52,821 --> 00:51:55,990
After that, the hunt
for the Zodiac increased.
929
00:51:56,032 --> 00:51:59,619
There were many more people
involved looking for him,
930
00:51:59,661 --> 00:52:02,789
and he became a villain
that had to be stopped.
931
00:52:06,126 --> 00:52:09,587
So, Thomas, in the middle
of all this mass hysteria
932
00:52:09,629 --> 00:52:11,589
with everyone hunting
the Zodiac Killer,
933
00:52:11,631 --> 00:52:13,675
the police also
share information
934
00:52:13,717 --> 00:52:16,219
that this letter
contains something unique.
935
00:52:16,261 --> 00:52:17,470
What was it?
936
00:52:17,512 --> 00:52:18,930
This particular letter,
937
00:52:18,972 --> 00:52:21,474
he's including a piece
of physical evidence
938
00:52:21,516 --> 00:52:23,309
that seems incontrovertible.
939
00:52:23,351 --> 00:52:27,355
It turned out to be a piece of
Paul Stine's bloodstained shirt.
940
00:52:27,397 --> 00:52:32,736
**
941
00:52:36,740 --> 00:52:42,078
**
942
00:52:42,120 --> 00:52:44,539
Horan: The Paul Stine
murder is totally different
943
00:52:44,581 --> 00:52:47,959
from all the other
Zodiac killings.
944
00:52:48,001 --> 00:52:51,463
You talk about a murder
with the MO and victim profile
945
00:52:51,504 --> 00:52:52,881
are totally different.
946
00:52:52,922 --> 00:52:55,633
It's a single man.
It's not a couple.
947
00:52:55,675 --> 00:52:58,720
This is obviously
not a lovers' lane.
948
00:52:58,762 --> 00:53:00,889
So you would think
there's no connection
949
00:53:00,930 --> 00:53:02,974
to these murders whatsoever.
950
00:53:03,016 --> 00:53:06,603
But this time he includes
a physical piece of evidence
951
00:53:06,644 --> 00:53:08,146
to prove that he was there --
952
00:53:08,188 --> 00:53:14,819
a bloody piece of cloth
torn off Paul Stine's shirt.
953
00:53:14,861 --> 00:53:17,072
There's a lot
of speculation and debate
954
00:53:17,113 --> 00:53:19,908
about which Zodiac letters
are authentic,
955
00:53:19,949 --> 00:53:21,910
which are possible forgeries.
956
00:53:21,951 --> 00:53:23,745
But there are certain letters
957
00:53:23,787 --> 00:53:26,873
which we accept as being
from the Zodiac,
958
00:53:26,915 --> 00:53:29,668
and those are primarily
the ones that were sent
959
00:53:29,709 --> 00:53:33,838
with a piece
of a victim's clothing.
960
00:53:33,880 --> 00:53:37,384
There was the first letter
sent in October of 1969,
961
00:53:37,425 --> 00:53:42,097
which contained a bloodstained
piece of the cab driver's shirt.
962
00:53:42,138 --> 00:53:43,765
And then there were
two other letters
963
00:53:43,807 --> 00:53:46,601
that were accompanied
by pieces of that shirt.
964
00:53:46,643 --> 00:53:48,603
Horan: This letter came
into the Chronicle,
965
00:53:48,645 --> 00:53:50,438
and the Chroniclecalled
the police and said,
966
00:53:50,480 --> 00:53:53,108
"This guy claims here's
a piece of the victim's shirt."
967
00:53:53,149 --> 00:53:57,904
And then the police lab realizes
that it is a piece of the shirt.
968
00:53:57,946 --> 00:53:59,406
Man:
To prove his authenticity,
969
00:53:59,447 --> 00:54:02,367
the Zodiac sent along
this time, as he did before,
970
00:54:02,409 --> 00:54:06,204
a piece of the shirt belonging
to the cab driver he murdered.
971
00:54:06,246 --> 00:54:10,625
Police don't doubt that
the letter writer is the killer.
972
00:54:10,667 --> 00:54:12,377
Nock:
So here's where we are.
973
00:54:12,419 --> 00:54:16,047
Again, Horan's theory is that
28 of the letters are different
974
00:54:16,089 --> 00:54:20,135
from the four that arrived
before the Paul Stine letters.
975
00:54:20,176 --> 00:54:22,220
And our linguistics experts
have doubts
976
00:54:22,262 --> 00:54:26,725
that the letters are written
by one person.
977
00:54:26,766 --> 00:54:29,436
Nock: So this is one of
the things that leaps out to me
978
00:54:29,477 --> 00:54:31,312
that it could be
different killers,
979
00:54:31,354 --> 00:54:34,357
because in the Paul Stine case,
he takes part of the shirt.
980
00:54:34,399 --> 00:54:37,193
He doesn't seem to take trophies
in any of the other crimes.
981
00:54:37,235 --> 00:54:40,947
So now he decides
to take a trophy?
982
00:54:40,989 --> 00:54:43,241
Ho: It could also still signify
the same person.
983
00:54:43,283 --> 00:54:47,412
And the reason is people
can change their ideas
984
00:54:47,454 --> 00:54:49,914
about what might
be exciting to do.
985
00:54:49,956 --> 00:54:51,458
I also think that he understood
986
00:54:51,499 --> 00:54:53,209
that as these crimes
were piling up,
987
00:54:53,251 --> 00:54:55,253
he's gonna have to prove
to the press
988
00:54:55,295 --> 00:55:00,925
and to police and detectives
that he is who he says he is.
989
00:55:00,967 --> 00:55:03,261
Why would he go out
of his way to do that
990
00:55:03,303 --> 00:55:07,182
when he didn't do that
in any of the other murders?
991
00:55:07,223 --> 00:55:09,976
Why does he think
he needs to do this?
992
00:55:10,018 --> 00:55:11,603
And if he's interested
in clothing,
993
00:55:11,644 --> 00:55:15,065
why wouldn't he take some of
Cecelia Shepard's clothing?
994
00:55:15,106 --> 00:55:19,069
Why would he not do this
at Lake Berryessa?
995
00:55:20,362 --> 00:55:22,238
You know, it's interesting
in the police report
996
00:55:22,280 --> 00:55:25,241
for David Faraday's murder
the night of the first murder,
997
00:55:25,283 --> 00:55:28,161
they make a big point of him
holding this class ring.
998
00:55:28,203 --> 00:55:29,496
Right.
999
00:55:29,537 --> 00:55:31,539
You would think that would be
an obvious trophy
1000
00:55:31,581 --> 00:55:33,124
for a serial killer to take
1001
00:55:33,166 --> 00:55:35,919
and not to leave it there
in between his fingers, right?
1002
00:55:35,960 --> 00:55:37,837
Right. It's certainly
the kind of trophy
1003
00:55:37,879 --> 00:55:40,465
you'd think a serial killer
would take.
1004
00:55:42,509 --> 00:55:44,386
Some people would say
the answer is simple --
1005
00:55:44,427 --> 00:55:47,305
serial killers
sometimes change their MO.
1006
00:55:47,347 --> 00:55:49,307
But, Thomas, if you don't
believe that he did it
1007
00:55:49,349 --> 00:55:52,060
to prove he was the killer,
what's your theory?
1008
00:55:52,102 --> 00:55:54,521
I reviewed that case file,
and I discovered
1009
00:55:54,562 --> 00:56:00,318
Paul Stine's car keys and wallet
and money were missing.
1010
00:56:00,360 --> 00:56:05,949
And there had been a string
of odd cabdriver robberies.
1011
00:56:05,990 --> 00:56:07,909
The cabbie would pick up a fare
1012
00:56:07,951 --> 00:56:12,163
and then the fare would ask to
be driven to Presidio Heights,
1013
00:56:12,205 --> 00:56:14,082
very close to where
Stine was shot.
1014
00:56:14,124 --> 00:56:17,919
And then he would rob
the cabbie and then leave.
1015
00:56:17,961 --> 00:56:19,504
Beeson: When it did happen
that evening,
1016
00:56:19,546 --> 00:56:21,339
they absolutely thought
it was just another robbery
1017
00:56:21,381 --> 00:56:24,217
because there were robberies
going on in San Francisco
1018
00:56:24,259 --> 00:56:26,011
and surrounding areas
of cab drivers
1019
00:56:26,052 --> 00:56:28,096
just because they were
pretty easy targets
1020
00:56:28,138 --> 00:56:31,016
back in the day,
unfortunately.
1021
00:56:31,057 --> 00:56:33,226
But the shirt meant definitively
that the person
1022
00:56:33,268 --> 00:56:38,940
sending the letters had access
to Paul Stine's shirt.
1023
00:56:38,982 --> 00:56:40,358
Horan:
And that is technically true,
1024
00:56:40,400 --> 00:56:44,237
but it's not from that
very first rectangle
1025
00:56:44,279 --> 00:56:46,239
that was torn off the shirt
by the killer.
1026
00:56:46,281 --> 00:56:49,367
Someone has torn off
another piece of shirt.
1027
00:56:49,409 --> 00:56:52,245
You can see that multiple tears.
1028
00:56:52,287 --> 00:56:54,039
And then that piece of shirt
1029
00:56:54,080 --> 00:56:58,251
is mailed with different
Zodiac letters or cards.
1030
00:56:58,293 --> 00:57:00,045
So to be clear,
Thomas,
1031
00:57:00,086 --> 00:57:01,463
you're suggesting someone
other than the killer
1032
00:57:01,504 --> 00:57:04,758
is inserting themselves
into this homicide case?
1033
00:57:04,799 --> 00:57:06,384
Yes.
Those pieces of shirt
1034
00:57:06,426 --> 00:57:09,929
were taken by someone
other than the killer.
1035
00:57:09,971 --> 00:57:14,309
There's more than one person who
had access to Paul Stine shirt.
1036
00:57:14,351 --> 00:57:17,979
**
1037
00:57:22,609 --> 00:57:25,236
**
1038
00:57:25,278 --> 00:57:27,072
Nock: So what's your theory
as to how they got
1039
00:57:27,113 --> 00:57:29,491
ahold of the shirt
if it wasn't the killer?
1040
00:57:29,532 --> 00:57:31,993
Who would have access
to the crime scene evidence?
1041
00:57:32,035 --> 00:57:35,288
Once the body arrives at the
morgue, they undress the body.
1042
00:57:35,330 --> 00:57:37,374
They take all the clothing,
which is blood soaked.
1043
00:57:37,415 --> 00:57:40,126
They take it to the crime lab
and they spread it out
1044
00:57:40,168 --> 00:57:42,587
for several hours
under the heat lamps to dry.
1045
00:57:42,629 --> 00:57:45,256
Anybody who could have
gotten into that crime lab --
1046
00:57:45,298 --> 00:57:47,258
and in those days,
reporters had free
1047
00:57:47,300 --> 00:57:49,969
run of the Hall of Justice --
could have gone in there,
1048
00:57:50,011 --> 00:57:52,722
saw a piece of cloth
missing from Paul Stine's shirt
1049
00:57:52,764 --> 00:57:55,141
and tore off a couple
more pieces of bloodied shirt
1050
00:57:55,183 --> 00:57:58,103
and used them
to write Zodiac letters.
1051
00:58:01,439 --> 00:58:03,400
But what's
the motivation?
1052
00:58:03,441 --> 00:58:05,610
To prove that
the Zodiac was real,
1053
00:58:05,652 --> 00:58:07,278
to keep the story going.
1054
00:58:07,320 --> 00:58:10,532
And the big problem
with the serial killer story
1055
00:58:10,573 --> 00:58:13,410
is when the killer is finally
caught, the story's over.
1056
00:58:13,451 --> 00:58:16,871
So I think someone was twisting
these investigations
1057
00:58:16,913 --> 00:58:20,291
by writing these letters
to the newspapers.
1058
00:58:24,045 --> 00:58:25,714
Would anyone
but police officers
1059
00:58:25,755 --> 00:58:30,218
have access to the crime lab --
like journalists, for example?
1060
00:58:30,260 --> 00:58:32,762
No journalist would be
allowed in there
1061
00:58:32,804 --> 00:58:35,807
under any circumstances.
1062
00:58:35,849 --> 00:58:41,062
Nobody's allowed in that area
except the homicide squad,
1063
00:58:41,104 --> 00:58:45,191
the investigating officers,
the coroner's people,
1064
00:58:45,233 --> 00:58:47,694
the crime lab, photo lab.
1065
00:58:47,736 --> 00:58:51,322
So Detective Falzon says
absolutely impossible
1066
00:58:51,364 --> 00:58:53,491
that someone could have
gotten a hold of this
1067
00:58:53,533 --> 00:58:55,869
and tampered with
the crime scene evidence.
1068
00:58:55,910 --> 00:58:59,664
I have quite a bit of evidence
that it was very, very possible.
1069
00:58:59,706 --> 00:59:02,834
You read the San Francisco
Chronicleday by day by day,
1070
00:59:02,876 --> 00:59:06,171
there's a story in there almost
every day about corruption
1071
00:59:06,212 --> 00:59:07,630
at San Francisco
Police Department,
1072
00:59:07,672 --> 00:59:12,344
including tampering
with evidence in homicide cases.
1073
00:59:15,513 --> 00:59:17,599
So I've read
that back in the day,
1074
00:59:17,640 --> 00:59:20,935
reporters had much better access
to law enforcement
1075
00:59:20,977 --> 00:59:22,103
than they maybe do today.
1076
00:59:22,145 --> 00:59:24,105
Is that true?
Jennings: Yes.
1077
00:59:24,147 --> 00:59:26,608
So at that time,
late '60s, early '70s,
1078
00:59:26,649 --> 00:59:31,321
police and reporters had a very
collaborative relationship,
1079
00:59:31,363 --> 00:59:34,115
and there was a newsroom
in the Hall of Justice.
1080
00:59:34,157 --> 00:59:37,619
Reporters would go to cops
to try to get inside information
1081
00:59:37,660 --> 00:59:43,208
about a case,
make a better story out of it.
1082
00:59:43,249 --> 00:59:46,628
You'd be shocked to learn
how often a reporter
1083
00:59:46,670 --> 00:59:49,589
was the one taking down
the witness statements.
1084
00:59:49,631 --> 00:59:53,385
Then he would type up
the report for the cop
1085
00:59:53,426 --> 00:59:55,345
and be allowed to keep
a carbon copy
1086
00:59:55,387 --> 00:59:57,722
and take it back
to his newspaper.
1087
00:59:57,764 --> 00:59:59,516
Jennings:
So it was very chummy.
1088
00:59:59,557 --> 01:00:04,688
It was a very congenial
atmosphere for the most part.
1089
01:00:04,729 --> 01:00:08,900
But I don't imagine
ever that some journalist
1090
01:00:08,942 --> 01:00:10,276
wrote a Zodiac letter
1091
01:00:10,318 --> 01:00:12,237
just to make a bigger story
out of something.
1092
01:00:12,278 --> 01:00:17,325
**
1093
01:00:17,367 --> 01:00:19,619
So what happens after these
three letters arrive
1094
01:00:19,661 --> 01:00:23,123
with the bloody swatch
at the end of 1969?
1095
01:00:23,164 --> 01:00:25,875
Horan: Law enforcement zeroed in
on this letter writer
1096
01:00:25,917 --> 01:00:27,460
as the sole killer.
1097
01:00:27,502 --> 01:00:31,256
But consider this -- I can
definitely see a change in style
1098
01:00:31,297 --> 01:00:34,009
and a change in personality
in these letters.
1099
01:00:34,050 --> 01:00:37,012
The handwriting changes.
1100
01:00:37,053 --> 01:00:39,514
The purpose for writing
the letter changes.
1101
01:00:39,556 --> 01:00:42,767
There's no longer any souvenirs,
physical evidence.
1102
01:00:42,809 --> 01:00:45,854
There's no longer any details
about any crime.
1103
01:00:45,895 --> 01:00:48,440
As an English professor,
it's pretty obvious to me
1104
01:00:48,481 --> 01:00:52,193
that another person takes over
writing the letters.
1105
01:00:52,235 --> 01:00:54,571
Jennings:
"This is the Zodiac speaking.
1106
01:00:54,612 --> 01:00:59,034
I have become very upset with
the people of San Fran Bay Area.
1107
01:00:59,075 --> 01:01:02,162
They have not complied
with my wishes for them
1108
01:01:02,203 --> 01:01:04,247
to wear some nice buttons."
1109
01:01:07,250 --> 01:01:08,877
Horan: And then,
conveniently enough,
1110
01:01:08,918 --> 01:01:11,254
Zodiac doesn't write any more
letters to any other newspapers.
1111
01:01:11,296 --> 01:01:12,922
He only writes
to the Chronicle
1112
01:01:12,964 --> 01:01:16,134
from that point forward.
1113
01:01:16,176 --> 01:01:18,053
The other newspapers
have to give
1114
01:01:18,094 --> 01:01:22,057
the Chroniclefree publicity
for a story that's gonna be
1115
01:01:22,098 --> 01:01:25,685
exclusive to the Chronicle
from now on.
1116
01:01:25,727 --> 01:01:28,938
Jennings:
Now it's the Chronicle's
domain exclusively
1117
01:01:28,980 --> 01:01:32,150
because he didn't send pieces
of shirt to The Examiner,
1118
01:01:32,192 --> 01:01:33,777
to other papers.
1119
01:01:33,818 --> 01:01:36,696
So it's sort of cemented
this relationship,
1120
01:01:36,738 --> 01:01:40,533
if you will, between Zodiac
and the Chronicle.
1121
01:01:44,579 --> 01:01:46,790
Thomas, the Chronicle
becomes ground zero
1122
01:01:46,831 --> 01:01:48,875
for the Zodiac
at this point.
1123
01:01:48,917 --> 01:01:50,627
Why do you think
that happened?
1124
01:01:50,669 --> 01:01:52,253
Horan: Well, I think that
journalists at the Chronicle
1125
01:01:52,295 --> 01:01:56,216
had a motive to keep this story
going in the Chronicle.
1126
01:01:56,257 --> 01:01:59,761
Is there someone in
particular at the Chronicle?
1127
01:01:59,803 --> 01:02:02,263
Paul Avery's name
comes to mind,
1128
01:02:02,305 --> 01:02:03,848
and I wouldn't
put it past Avery.
1129
01:02:03,890 --> 01:02:09,604
I mean, Avery was always looking
for some sensational story.
1130
01:02:09,646 --> 01:02:11,481
Paul Avery was
a newspaper reporter
1131
01:02:11,523 --> 01:02:15,318
who was reporting heavily
on the Zodiac crimes.
1132
01:02:15,360 --> 01:02:17,946
The killings that have gone
on in this area in recent weeks
1133
01:02:17,987 --> 01:02:21,282
that have created
very big headlines
1134
01:02:21,324 --> 01:02:23,451
that possibly he's
a little miffed.
1135
01:02:23,493 --> 01:02:26,579
He's not the center
of attention anymore.
1136
01:02:26,621 --> 01:02:29,207
So Paul Avery was always
getting the scoop
1137
01:02:29,249 --> 01:02:30,834
on the Zodiac for some reason
1138
01:02:30,875 --> 01:02:33,795
and the only reporter that
received direct correspondences
1139
01:02:33,837 --> 01:02:35,046
from the killer.
1140
01:02:35,088 --> 01:02:36,715
Nock: Is that suspicious
in any way? I mean...
1141
01:02:36,756 --> 01:02:39,175
I think it's highly suspicious
that the Zodiac Killer
1142
01:02:39,217 --> 01:02:43,680
actually sent correspondences
directly to Paul Avery,
1143
01:02:43,722 --> 01:02:47,809
namely the infamous
Halloween card.
1144
01:02:47,851 --> 01:02:50,353
The Halloween card said,
"This is from your secret pal."
1145
01:02:50,395 --> 01:02:54,399
It was how he was referenced in
that particular correspondence,
1146
01:02:54,441 --> 01:02:58,570
which I always found
very interesting.
1147
01:02:58,611 --> 01:03:02,073
Another one called the
pines card or the Sierra card,
1148
01:03:02,115 --> 01:03:05,035
where he spelled his name
Paul "Averly"
1149
01:03:05,076 --> 01:03:06,661
for some reason.
1150
01:03:06,703 --> 01:03:10,457
The Zodiac is just making
an idle threat, frankly.
1151
01:03:10,498 --> 01:03:12,334
People speculate maybe
Paul Avery could have
1152
01:03:12,375 --> 01:03:13,626
had access to that shirt,
1153
01:03:13,668 --> 01:03:16,504
which is an interesting
route to go.
1154
01:03:16,546 --> 01:03:18,006
It's just impossible to say
1155
01:03:18,048 --> 01:03:20,592
how well they maintained
their evidence at the time,
1156
01:03:20,633 --> 01:03:22,302
if somebody else
could have easily
1157
01:03:22,344 --> 01:03:25,597
gotten to that shirt or not.
1158
01:03:25,638 --> 01:03:28,141
Nock: I have a quick question
about Paul Avery.
1159
01:03:28,183 --> 01:03:31,853
Is it true he was called
"Unsavory Avery"?
1160
01:03:31,895 --> 01:03:34,189
Absolutely.
1161
01:03:34,230 --> 01:03:35,690
Absolutely.
1162
01:03:35,732 --> 01:03:39,361
It was a kind of an affectionate
sobriquet, if you will,
1163
01:03:39,402 --> 01:03:40,862
to call him Unsavory Avery.
1164
01:03:40,904 --> 01:03:44,824
But -- But at the same time,
it's kind of a testament
1165
01:03:44,866 --> 01:03:47,827
to his -- to his aggressiveness
as a reporter.
1166
01:03:50,538 --> 01:03:52,957
Is it possible
that Paul Avery
1167
01:03:52,999 --> 01:03:55,543
may have had a hand
in writing those letters
1168
01:03:55,585 --> 01:03:57,629
to get the story
to be bigger and bigger?
1169
01:03:57,671 --> 01:03:58,880
Have you ever
heard that?
1170
01:03:58,922 --> 01:04:01,633
That's preposterous,
in my view.
1171
01:04:01,675 --> 01:04:04,094
First of all,
I never heard that.
1172
01:04:04,135 --> 01:04:06,846
Second, you know...
1173
01:04:06,888 --> 01:04:10,850
it's hard to imagine
any journalist doing that.
1174
01:04:10,892 --> 01:04:12,811
If he was, that wasn't
his primary job.
1175
01:04:12,852 --> 01:04:14,688
His primary job
was some kind of criminal.
1176
01:04:14,729 --> 01:04:19,526
But I don't -- I just don't see
that as feasible at all.
1177
01:04:19,567 --> 01:04:22,654
So this -- this is
all news to me
1178
01:04:22,696 --> 01:04:26,199
and speculation
by some armchair detective.
1179
01:04:26,241 --> 01:04:30,078
Do you think he would have
been keeping the story alive?
1180
01:04:30,120 --> 01:04:34,124
You can speculate,
but until you show me proof --
1181
01:04:34,165 --> 01:04:35,709
I'm an investigator.
1182
01:04:35,750 --> 01:04:41,297
I live on facts or something
that I can prove to a jury
1183
01:04:41,339 --> 01:04:43,883
that is factual and true.
1184
01:04:43,925 --> 01:04:47,804
Facts and proof -- two things
that have been at odds
1185
01:04:47,846 --> 01:04:51,141
since the very first
so-called Zodiac murder
1186
01:04:51,182 --> 01:04:53,518
on December 20, 1969,
1187
01:04:53,560 --> 01:04:55,437
and all the way through
the investigation
1188
01:04:55,478 --> 01:04:57,355
into Paul Stine's death.
1189
01:04:57,397 --> 01:05:01,359
Do you have any strong leads
as far as possible suspects?
1190
01:05:01,401 --> 01:05:02,944
No, we do not.
1191
01:05:02,986 --> 01:05:05,280
We're going through
all the leads that we get,
1192
01:05:05,321 --> 01:05:07,741
and each one has turned out
to be negative.
1193
01:05:07,782 --> 01:05:11,119
But someday one of them
will turn out to be positive.
1194
01:05:11,161 --> 01:05:13,288
That's our hope.
1195
01:05:13,329 --> 01:05:16,124
Falzon: We ended up over
a period of five, six years
1196
01:05:16,166 --> 01:05:20,712
with roughly four file cabinets,
three drawers deep,
1197
01:05:20,754 --> 01:05:26,593
full of potential suspects of
who could be the Zodiac.
1198
01:05:26,634 --> 01:05:29,804
Did some suspects look good?
Yes.
1199
01:05:29,846 --> 01:05:32,098
But nobody was ever charged.
1200
01:05:32,140 --> 01:05:34,642
So Zodiac...
1201
01:05:34,684 --> 01:05:36,686
remains unsolved today.
1202
01:05:39,314 --> 01:05:43,610
Butterfield: The Zodiac letters
began in July 1969
1203
01:05:43,651 --> 01:05:47,614
and apparently continued
into 1974.
1204
01:05:47,655 --> 01:05:50,992
And then the killer went silent.
1205
01:05:51,034 --> 01:05:53,620
Nock: Michael, the linguistics
analysis of the letters
1206
01:05:53,661 --> 01:05:55,497
that we conducted
seemed to line up
1207
01:05:55,538 --> 01:05:57,665
with Professor Thomas
Horan's theory
1208
01:05:57,707 --> 01:05:59,584
of there being
numerous letter writers
1209
01:05:59,626 --> 01:06:03,171
after the fourth
so-called Zodiac attack.
1210
01:06:03,213 --> 01:06:06,758
I think the notion that there
was a change in the writing
1211
01:06:06,800 --> 01:06:09,761
after the Paul Stine murder
could indicate
1212
01:06:09,803 --> 01:06:12,013
that there was more
than one person involved.
1213
01:06:12,055 --> 01:06:15,684
But I also think it could be
a psychological shift
1214
01:06:15,725 --> 01:06:18,770
in the killer himself.
1215
01:06:18,812 --> 01:06:20,355
Well, look what happened
to the Unabomber.
1216
01:06:20,397 --> 01:06:22,440
He actually delivered
a bomb to Salt Lake City.
1217
01:06:22,482 --> 01:06:23,983
Someone saw him do it.
1218
01:06:24,025 --> 01:06:25,694
He disappeared for six years.
1219
01:06:25,735 --> 01:06:29,155
He went into hiding
for fear of being caught.
1220
01:06:29,197 --> 01:06:32,033
And clearly the Zodiac was not
planning on being caught.
1221
01:06:32,075 --> 01:06:35,745
And so he ended up
then just disappearing.
1222
01:06:35,787 --> 01:06:37,914
And then sometimes
people like
1223
01:06:37,956 --> 01:06:40,125
to insert themselves into cases.
1224
01:06:40,166 --> 01:06:42,419
You could make up these letters
and send them in,
1225
01:06:42,460 --> 01:06:45,171
pretending to be the Zodiac
when actually you weren't.
1226
01:06:45,213 --> 01:06:49,968
**
1227
01:06:50,010 --> 01:06:54,014
Watson: And this was just
a little box that she made.
1228
01:06:54,055 --> 01:06:57,892
Her mother let Sharon and I
go into her bedroom
1229
01:06:57,934 --> 01:07:02,272
and pick out whatever we wanted
to keep of Betty Lou's,
1230
01:07:02,313 --> 01:07:04,149
and that's what I chose.
1231
01:07:04,190 --> 01:07:08,486
And inside
is a charm bracelet.
1232
01:07:08,528 --> 01:07:11,906
Nock: When you think of
Betty Lou, what comes to mind?
1233
01:07:11,948 --> 01:07:15,493
Funny,
wonderful sense of humor.
1234
01:07:15,535 --> 01:07:17,412
And just fun to be around.
1235
01:07:17,454 --> 01:07:19,581
Very good friend.
Very good friend.
1236
01:07:19,622 --> 01:07:23,710
**
1237
01:07:23,752 --> 01:07:26,713
What do you want people
to know about Darlene?
1238
01:07:26,755 --> 01:07:28,923
That she was a wonderful woman.
1239
01:07:28,965 --> 01:07:31,968
That she was a great gal,
and she didn't deserve...
1240
01:07:32,010 --> 01:07:35,263
to be killed at his hands
or anybody's.
1241
01:07:35,305 --> 01:07:39,184
And it was very, very tragic
for her daughter to grow up
1242
01:07:39,225 --> 01:07:40,226
without her
1243
01:07:40,268 --> 01:07:43,271
and me to grow up
without my sister.
1244
01:07:43,313 --> 01:07:47,400
I miss her so much,
and I wish she was still alive.
1245
01:07:49,277 --> 01:07:51,154
I'd do anything
to find this guy.
1246
01:07:53,865 --> 01:07:57,077
I would love to have
an actual resolution someday
1247
01:07:57,118 --> 01:08:01,748
and know that we know
who this person is.
1248
01:08:03,917 --> 01:08:06,878
The real tragedy of the myth
of the Zodiac Killer
1249
01:08:06,920 --> 01:08:09,422
is not just that it robbed
the victims
1250
01:08:09,464 --> 01:08:11,007
and their families of justice
1251
01:08:11,049 --> 01:08:14,427
and that it robbed
society of justice,
1252
01:08:14,469 --> 01:08:16,971
people have become
so wedded to their beliefs
1253
01:08:17,013 --> 01:08:20,308
that they hold on to them
even in the face of clear,
1254
01:08:20,350 --> 01:08:21,893
contradictory evidence.
1255
01:08:21,935 --> 01:08:24,521
And that's the whole issue
with the Zodiac narrative.
1256
01:08:24,562 --> 01:08:28,108
The facts have become
secondary to the story,
1257
01:08:28,149 --> 01:08:30,485
and Zodiac is such
a compelling storyline,
1258
01:08:30,527 --> 01:08:33,071
I'd write it into a novel.
1259
01:08:33,113 --> 01:08:35,490
It works.
It just isn't true.
1260
01:08:35,532 --> 01:08:37,450
[ Film projector whirring ]
1261
01:08:37,492 --> 01:08:39,411
You have to unlearn
a bunch of things.
1262
01:08:39,452 --> 01:08:42,163
But when people --
intelligent, trained people --
1263
01:08:42,205 --> 01:08:44,666
when they take another
look at this case,
1264
01:08:44,708 --> 01:08:46,751
they see the same things I see.
1265
01:08:46,793 --> 01:08:51,047
But the actual story of what
really happened to these poor,
1266
01:08:51,089 --> 01:08:56,928
unfortunate young people, cut
down on the threshold of life,
1267
01:08:56,970 --> 01:08:59,222
that story is much more
compelling
1268
01:08:59,264 --> 01:09:02,267
than the myth
of the so-called Zodiac Killer.
1269
01:09:04,894 --> 01:09:07,105
Nock:
The dive into the Zodiac story
1270
01:09:07,147 --> 01:09:09,274
and the more of the onion
you peel,
1271
01:09:09,315 --> 01:09:11,818
you don't really get
to the core of what happened.
1272
01:09:11,860 --> 01:09:13,236
You just get
to a muddier place,
1273
01:09:13,278 --> 01:09:16,531
because with every Zodiac expert
that you speak to,
1274
01:09:16,573 --> 01:09:18,908
it's clear that their theory
on what happened
1275
01:09:18,950 --> 01:09:22,871
in the so-called Zodiac crimes
is the strongest theory.
1276
01:09:22,912 --> 01:09:24,956
Even when there's solid evidence
in front of them
1277
01:09:24,998 --> 01:09:28,501
that challenges their position,
they're unmovable.
1278
01:09:28,543 --> 01:09:32,088
The problem with that is when
you're so entrenched in an idea,
1279
01:09:32,130 --> 01:09:34,758
like the notion
that a single person committed
1280
01:09:34,799 --> 01:09:36,551
all four
of these horrible crimes
1281
01:09:36,593 --> 01:09:38,970
and the same person
wrote all of the letters
1282
01:09:39,012 --> 01:09:41,181
and the evidence
proves otherwise,
1283
01:09:41,222 --> 01:09:46,061
what you get is a cold case that
stretches on for 50-plus years,
1284
01:09:46,102 --> 01:09:49,814
and then there's no justice
for any of the victims.
1285
01:09:49,856 --> 01:09:51,733
Professor Horan
may be eccentric,
1286
01:09:51,775 --> 01:09:55,403
but he's studied every document
publicly available on this case.
1287
01:09:55,445 --> 01:09:58,615
And it's impossible
not to walk away wondering,
1288
01:09:58,656 --> 01:10:00,700
was there ever a Zodiac Killer?
1289
01:10:00,742 --> 01:10:04,329
**
103479
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