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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:16,701 --> 00:00:20,286 My name is Sapiens, 2 00:00:20,496 --> 00:00:21,497 Homo Sapiens. 3 00:00:23,540 --> 00:00:26,251 I'm about 200 thousand years old. 4 00:00:28,045 --> 00:00:30,964 And this is my life today. 5 00:00:41,850 --> 00:00:43,810 I'm searching for something 6 00:00:44,728 --> 00:00:48,148 but I'm not sure what I'm searching for. 7 00:02:42,214 --> 00:02:46,551 On those rare occasions when I look up at the sky, 8 00:02:46,759 --> 00:02:48,970 I see all those stars. 9 00:02:51,471 --> 00:02:53,640 And as far as I know, 10 00:02:53,850 --> 00:02:57,311 only our planet has life. 11 00:03:20,875 --> 00:03:23,878 Among all the species here on Earth, 12 00:03:24,962 --> 00:03:28,632 I think of myself as the most intelligent, 13 00:03:30,301 --> 00:03:32,177 self-reflective, 14 00:03:33,428 --> 00:03:34,762 and wise. 15 00:03:36,931 --> 00:03:38,433 But am I? 16 00:03:57,201 --> 00:03:58,911 {\an8}The United Nations reported 17 00:03:59,119 --> 00:04:01,246 {\an8}that the world is in serious trouble. 18 00:04:01,455 --> 00:04:03,832 {\an8}The media are reporting on it. 19 00:04:04,041 --> 00:04:07,836 The world of scientists are showing data. 20 00:04:08,045 --> 00:04:10,713 The folks that have the ability to make change 21 00:04:10,923 --> 00:04:12,882 know that we're in trouble. 22 00:04:13,091 --> 00:04:14,384 So there's fear. 23 00:04:18,512 --> 00:04:20,848 {\an8}There has not been this kind of destruction 24 00:04:21,057 --> 00:04:24,101 {\an8}on the planet since the time of the dinosaurs, 25 00:04:24,310 --> 00:04:25,937 {\an8}65 million years ago. 26 00:04:32,484 --> 00:04:34,069 I saw this progress. 27 00:04:38,073 --> 00:04:40,867 And progress has its price. 28 00:04:47,958 --> 00:04:49,458 Over thousands of years, 29 00:04:49,667 --> 00:04:51,669 we've been progressively empowering ourselves, 30 00:04:51,877 --> 00:04:54,672 becoming more differentiated, more identified 31 00:04:54,880 --> 00:04:56,465 as unique human beings. 32 00:04:56,674 --> 00:04:59,969 But in the process, step by step pulling back 33 00:05:00,177 --> 00:05:02,262 {\an8}from the natural world. 34 00:05:02,470 --> 00:05:05,224 {\an8}That process has gone so far now 35 00:05:05,432 --> 00:05:07,558 {\an8}that we're running into a wall, 36 00:05:07,767 --> 00:05:09,894 an evolutionary wall. 37 00:05:10,104 --> 00:05:12,981 An evolutionary wall? 38 00:05:14,148 --> 00:05:16,402 Is this the end of my life? 39 00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:35,168 {\an8}The only way we'll ever make it as a species 40 00:05:35,377 --> 00:05:39,006 {\an8}on this planet is if we reconnect with nature. 41 00:05:45,470 --> 00:05:47,097 Nature? 42 00:05:48,348 --> 00:05:52,935 Isn't that what I've been trying to evolve away from? 43 00:05:53,144 --> 00:05:55,396 Not to be dependent on nature? 44 00:05:57,023 --> 00:06:00,359 Not to be at the mercy of nature's wrath? 45 00:06:03,404 --> 00:06:06,115 For the last 35 thousand years, 46 00:06:06,323 --> 00:06:08,533 even as awakening hunter-gatherers, 47 00:06:08,742 --> 00:06:11,619 we've been pulling back from nature. 48 00:06:15,373 --> 00:06:17,541 And then about 10 thousand years ago, 49 00:06:17,751 --> 00:06:21,296 we woke up to nature's seasons, nature's cycles, 50 00:06:21,504 --> 00:06:23,964 and in that process we saw the possibility 51 00:06:24,174 --> 00:06:25,758 {\an8}of becoming farmers. 52 00:06:25,966 --> 00:06:29,178 {\an8}And that's been a process of empowering ourselves 53 00:06:29,387 --> 00:06:31,847 and taking control of our own lives, 54 00:06:32,056 --> 00:06:33,098 our own destiny. 55 00:06:37,061 --> 00:06:40,397 {\an8}And about 300 years ago, we saw not only 56 00:06:40,772 --> 00:06:43,983 could we farm nature, we could manipulate matter. 57 00:06:44,193 --> 00:06:47,279 And we pulled back further from nature. 58 00:07:14,262 --> 00:07:15,262 Oh. 59 00:07:31,112 --> 00:07:35,032 Technically our species name is Homo Sapiens Sapiens. 60 00:07:35,241 --> 00:07:38,202 And to be sapient means to be wise. 61 00:07:38,410 --> 00:07:40,912 So to be Homo Sapiens Sapiens means 62 00:07:41,121 --> 00:07:42,540 to be doubly wise. 63 00:07:45,125 --> 00:07:46,460 It's not only do we know, 64 00:07:46,668 --> 00:07:48,211 we know that we know. 65 00:07:52,132 --> 00:07:54,050 Sapiens sapiens, 66 00:07:54,259 --> 00:07:55,468 yes, that's me. 67 00:07:57,137 --> 00:07:59,930 And because I know that I know, 68 00:08:00,139 --> 00:08:02,015 I've made up many stories of my dance 69 00:08:02,224 --> 00:08:03,892 and fight with nature. 70 00:08:07,605 --> 00:08:10,315 In the Bible, there's a key passage 71 00:08:10,524 --> 00:08:14,278 that encourages us to have dominion over the earth. 72 00:08:14,486 --> 00:08:17,071 That's means we would be in a controlling position 73 00:08:17,281 --> 00:08:18,948 {\an8}relative to other life forms, 74 00:08:19,157 --> 00:08:20,617 {\an8}other creatures on the earth, 75 00:08:20,825 --> 00:08:23,077 {\an8}and they were in a position of serving us 76 00:08:23,286 --> 00:08:24,912 in our own evolution. 77 00:08:27,999 --> 00:08:31,043 {\an8}The story that science tells us very basically 78 00:08:31,252 --> 00:08:34,713 {\an8}is that we live in a universe that's meaningless, 79 00:08:35,339 --> 00:08:40,010 purposeless, just simply an accidental material evolution. 80 00:08:44,848 --> 00:08:48,101 {\an8}We thought of Earth as just stuff, 81 00:08:48,310 --> 00:08:51,188 {\an8}and it led to an orientation of use. 82 00:08:52,606 --> 00:08:55,192 So Earth is here for us to use. 83 00:08:58,986 --> 00:09:02,740 And I think we've now come to the end of that track, 84 00:09:02,948 --> 00:09:04,867 and it's no longer serving us. 85 00:09:05,075 --> 00:09:06,784 And we see, instead of dominion, 86 00:09:06,994 --> 00:09:10,788 we're really participants in the natural world. 87 00:09:17,421 --> 00:09:20,131 And that's coming really much more into alignment 88 00:09:20,340 --> 00:09:21,799 with some of the Eastern traditions 89 00:09:22,008 --> 00:09:24,219 as well as some of the indigenous traditions 90 00:09:24,427 --> 00:09:25,761 in spirituality. 91 00:09:29,515 --> 00:09:33,101 Buddhism talks about the inter dependent co-origination 92 00:09:33,311 --> 00:09:35,020 of all things in nature. 93 00:09:35,229 --> 00:09:39,024 All things in life arise and co-exist together. 94 00:09:47,074 --> 00:09:49,493 And it means we're not in a privileged position. 95 00:09:49,701 --> 00:09:51,118 We're not in a place of dominion. 96 00:09:51,328 --> 00:09:53,996 We're in a place of participation. 97 00:10:05,675 --> 00:10:08,177 A similar theme arises with the indigenous 98 00:10:08,386 --> 00:10:10,178 American Indian traditions: 99 00:10:10,388 --> 00:10:12,180 the aliveness of nature, 100 00:10:12,390 --> 00:10:16,059 that our aliveness connects with that aliveness. 101 00:10:28,238 --> 00:10:30,030 In Christianity, and to some extent 102 00:10:30,239 --> 00:10:31,782 in Islam and Judaism, 103 00:10:31,991 --> 00:10:33,867 the sense of dominion is now shifting 104 00:10:34,076 --> 00:10:38,205 {\an8}towards a feeling of stewardship and trusteeship. 105 00:10:38,414 --> 00:10:41,208 {\an8}So rather than having power over, 106 00:10:41,417 --> 00:10:44,461 we're in a respectful and responsible relationship 107 00:10:44,670 --> 00:10:46,505 to the natural world. 108 00:10:59,309 --> 00:11:01,686 {\an8}So the last 3.8 billion years that life 109 00:11:01,893 --> 00:11:03,271 {\an8}has been on this planet, 110 00:11:03,479 --> 00:11:05,773 all of these individual species 111 00:11:05,981 --> 00:11:08,526 kind of started working together. 112 00:11:18,160 --> 00:11:20,579 By virtue of being in the same habitats 113 00:11:20,787 --> 00:11:23,248 and the same ecosystems, they begin 114 00:11:23,457 --> 00:11:26,250 to leverage those relationships 115 00:11:26,460 --> 00:11:30,338 in order to create conditions conducive to life. 116 00:11:44,142 --> 00:11:45,143 If you could imagine that 117 00:11:45,353 --> 00:11:48,355 sort of emergent property scaling up, 118 00:11:49,356 --> 00:11:52,650 it could actually explain some of the planetary phenomena 119 00:11:52,859 --> 00:11:54,361 that we see today. 120 00:12:03,202 --> 00:12:06,288 {\an8}So, we're getting away from this idea 121 00:12:06,498 --> 00:12:08,457 {\an8}that nature is all machinery 122 00:12:08,666 --> 00:12:12,753 and looking into the Earth as a single living system. 123 00:12:19,468 --> 00:12:23,096 That idea had a mystical name, 124 00:12:23,304 --> 00:12:24,889 Gaia. 125 00:12:25,724 --> 00:12:29,352 Imagine: A scientific hypothesis in the 1970s 126 00:12:29,560 --> 00:12:32,522 named after a Greek goddess? 127 00:12:34,065 --> 00:12:37,402 No wonder so many people didn't buy it. 128 00:12:41,447 --> 00:12:43,574 But now, scientists seem to be finding 129 00:12:43,783 --> 00:12:46,493 that Earth can really self-regulate 130 00:12:50,747 --> 00:12:53,417 like any single living organism. 131 00:13:13,686 --> 00:13:15,896 Earth is alive. 132 00:13:18,607 --> 00:13:20,984 {\an8}Scientists thought for a long time, 133 00:13:21,192 --> 00:13:22,360 {\an8}it's only because Earth is 134 00:13:22,569 --> 00:13:25,363 {\an8}the exact right distance from the sun. 135 00:13:25,572 --> 00:13:27,365 Because you see, our molecules, 136 00:13:27,574 --> 00:13:29,367 if they get too cold, they freeze up 137 00:13:30,535 --> 00:13:31,535 and the organism dies. 138 00:13:31,578 --> 00:13:32,579 If they get too hot, 139 00:13:32,787 --> 00:13:35,373 they unfold and the organism dies. 140 00:13:35,582 --> 00:13:38,208 We have to be in a certain range of temperature, 141 00:13:39,544 --> 00:13:41,462 and that's where Earth is. 142 00:13:43,882 --> 00:13:46,341 But over four billion years, 143 00:13:46,550 --> 00:13:48,375 this is what we've learned in the 20th century, 144 00:13:48,385 --> 00:13:50,929 the sun was 25% cooler. 145 00:13:51,138 --> 00:13:53,390 So it sent its rays to Earth, 146 00:13:53,599 --> 00:13:57,268 and Earth had all of these heat-trapping gases 147 00:13:57,478 --> 00:14:01,940 to keep the sunlight in and warm up the planet 148 00:14:02,273 --> 00:14:04,192 to the temperature for life. 149 00:14:04,400 --> 00:14:06,444 But over four billion years, 150 00:14:06,652 --> 00:14:08,571 the sun got hotter and hotter. 151 00:14:08,779 --> 00:14:13,074 As it got hotter, Earth drew carbon dioxide out 152 00:14:13,576 --> 00:14:17,830 of the atmosphere so it wouldn't get too hot for life. 153 00:14:19,331 --> 00:14:21,792 Earth has regulated itself 154 00:14:22,000 --> 00:14:24,044 by changing its atmosphere, 155 00:14:24,252 --> 00:14:26,505 by drawing down carbon dioxide 156 00:14:27,506 --> 00:14:29,674 while the sun heated up. 157 00:14:29,883 --> 00:14:33,219 So you see, if we, in industrial civilization, 158 00:14:33,428 --> 00:14:36,013 are now reversing that trend, 159 00:14:36,932 --> 00:14:40,309 we're actually going against the intelligence, 160 00:14:40,518 --> 00:14:43,437 the ordering that brought forth life. 161 00:15:20,764 --> 00:15:24,476 There's evidence that suggests that the organisms, 162 00:15:24,685 --> 00:15:27,938 the biosphere, plays a very, very significant role 163 00:15:28,145 --> 00:15:30,899 {\an8}into how the planetary systems work. 164 00:15:31,107 --> 00:15:34,652 {\an8}And you add in the layers of the geosphere 165 00:15:34,861 --> 00:15:36,654 and the atmosphere, and it becomes 166 00:15:36,863 --> 00:15:39,490 an incredibly complex system. 167 00:15:39,699 --> 00:15:43,369 But that interactive system ultimately means 168 00:15:43,578 --> 00:15:44,898 that everything is interconnected 169 00:15:45,037 --> 00:15:46,581 and interdependent. 170 00:16:01,595 --> 00:16:04,598 {\an8}We're completely nature. 171 00:16:06,265 --> 00:16:10,436 We breathe the same air that every other animal breathes. 172 00:16:13,188 --> 00:16:15,066 There is no separation. 173 00:16:20,154 --> 00:16:21,280 This understanding 174 00:16:21,488 --> 00:16:23,281 of the self-regulating nature of Earth, 175 00:16:23,490 --> 00:16:24,533 we didn't know about this. 176 00:16:24,742 --> 00:16:27,410 For 400 years in science, we just didn't. 177 00:16:27,620 --> 00:16:30,163 But now we're realizing we're destroying billions 178 00:16:30,371 --> 00:16:33,207 of years of creativity that enabled 179 00:16:33,416 --> 00:16:35,877 all of this vitality to exist. 180 00:16:40,048 --> 00:16:43,009 {\an8}But we're awakening to that mistake, 181 00:16:43,216 --> 00:16:46,386 {\an8}and now we see, instead of thinking of Earth 182 00:16:46,596 --> 00:16:48,806 as something to exploit and use, 183 00:16:49,015 --> 00:16:51,976 we're beginning to realize it is a community 184 00:16:52,184 --> 00:16:55,187 that we are to join and enhance. 185 00:16:55,395 --> 00:16:56,980 That's the big shift. 186 00:17:23,673 --> 00:17:25,590 If I had to dominate nature, 187 00:17:25,800 --> 00:17:27,885 animals were no exception. 188 00:17:28,928 --> 00:17:32,722 After all, they don't have feelings like I do. 189 00:17:35,892 --> 00:17:37,226 Or do they? 190 00:17:43,692 --> 00:17:45,609 Where did we get this strange idea 191 00:17:45,819 --> 00:17:47,277 that animals don't have feelings? 192 00:17:47,486 --> 00:17:50,989 It actually goes back to one of the founders 193 00:17:51,198 --> 00:17:54,451 of the modern world, René Descartes. 194 00:17:55,077 --> 00:17:57,621 So he, back there with Newton and Galileo, 195 00:17:57,830 --> 00:18:00,165 they were giving birth to a new world. 196 00:18:00,373 --> 00:18:01,959 And Descartes, as the philosopher, 197 00:18:02,167 --> 00:18:03,961 was asking himself the question, 198 00:18:04,169 --> 00:18:06,295 "Do animals have feelings?" 199 00:18:06,504 --> 00:18:09,632 And at first he thought, "Maybe they do." 200 00:18:09,841 --> 00:18:12,677 And so he was starting off with animals close to humans, 201 00:18:12,885 --> 00:18:15,888 and then he was working his way down. 202 00:18:16,973 --> 00:18:18,975 And when he got to the oyster, 203 00:18:19,183 --> 00:18:21,018 that was too much. 204 00:18:21,226 --> 00:18:23,226 He just couldn't imagine an oyster having feelings. 205 00:18:23,311 --> 00:18:26,732 So then he just said then none of them do. 206 00:18:29,317 --> 00:18:35,198 And he imagined then that animals were machines. 207 00:18:36,575 --> 00:18:38,660 And when they gave off sounds like pain, 208 00:18:38,869 --> 00:18:42,538 it just meant they were machines that were malfunctioning. 209 00:18:42,747 --> 00:18:45,666 I mean, it's a really bizarre view, ultimately. 210 00:18:45,875 --> 00:18:51,005 And yet, our factory farms, our cosmetics industry? 211 00:18:52,173 --> 00:18:57,302 We treat animals as if they were just sort of nothing, 212 00:18:57,594 --> 00:19:00,513 and it goes right back to this mistaken view 213 00:19:00,722 --> 00:19:02,975 of the nature of the universe. 214 00:19:14,778 --> 00:19:17,696 Western industrial people are at that stage now 215 00:19:17,906 --> 00:19:21,366 where we are challenged by feeling our way 216 00:19:21,575 --> 00:19:23,786 into the lives of the animals. 217 00:19:28,749 --> 00:19:30,542 The mother bear cares for her cubs 218 00:19:30,751 --> 00:19:34,129 just the same way we care for our children. 219 00:19:37,799 --> 00:19:41,552 All of these beings live within feelings 220 00:19:41,761 --> 00:19:44,347 that are just as intense as ours. 221 00:19:50,895 --> 00:19:55,565 It's not just making the planet work for humans. 222 00:19:55,774 --> 00:19:57,734 It's to participate in bringing forward 223 00:19:57,944 --> 00:20:01,155 the thriving, vibrant community of life 224 00:20:02,072 --> 00:20:05,826 including all of the species of this planet. 225 00:20:59,835 --> 00:21:01,837 If we take the four and a half billion years 226 00:21:02,045 --> 00:21:03,338 that Earth has been around 227 00:21:03,547 --> 00:21:05,423 and we compress it into one year 228 00:21:05,632 --> 00:21:07,592 so that the Earth is born on January 1st, 229 00:21:07,801 --> 00:21:08,969 just past midnight, 230 00:21:09,177 --> 00:21:11,179 and we're standing on December 31st, 231 00:21:11,387 --> 00:21:12,847 just before midnight, 232 00:21:13,056 --> 00:21:15,683 life's been around for 3.8 billion years 233 00:21:15,892 --> 00:21:18,644 which means it showed up on February 25th. 234 00:21:18,853 --> 00:21:20,013 And then after about a month, 235 00:21:20,187 --> 00:21:23,398 we see photosynthesis, the planet rapidly change 236 00:21:23,608 --> 00:21:24,901 from a carbon-rich atmosphere 237 00:21:25,109 --> 00:21:27,820 to an atmosphere that has quite a bit more oxygen. 238 00:21:28,029 --> 00:21:31,032 And as a result, we see a lot more diversification 239 00:21:31,240 --> 00:21:34,993 and single-celled organisms dominate the planet 240 00:21:35,202 --> 00:21:39,205 through April and May and June and July 241 00:21:39,539 --> 00:21:41,041 and half of August. 242 00:21:41,249 --> 00:21:44,418 In September's the first time we have sexual reproduction, 243 00:21:44,627 --> 00:21:46,629 and then it isn't even until November 244 00:21:46,838 --> 00:21:48,797 that we start seeing fungi. 245 00:21:49,007 --> 00:21:51,176 And after the fungi, come the fish. 246 00:21:51,384 --> 00:21:53,469 And then eventually we have land plants. 247 00:21:53,677 --> 00:21:56,180 And when terra firma starts being colonized, 248 00:21:56,389 --> 00:21:59,642 then we have insects and amphibians 249 00:21:59,850 --> 00:22:01,936 and reptiles and mammals. 250 00:22:02,144 --> 00:22:06,689 Flowers have only been here since December 20th. 251 00:22:06,899 --> 00:22:09,859 The loss of the dinosaurs, that was Christmas. 252 00:22:10,069 --> 00:22:13,197 {\an8}And then if we go to today, December 31st, 253 00:22:13,405 --> 00:22:15,907 {\an8}and we look at our ancestors, the hominids, 254 00:22:16,115 --> 00:22:18,201 the first primates that came out of the trees 255 00:22:18,409 --> 00:22:21,412 and walked the plains of Africa with two legs, 256 00:22:21,620 --> 00:22:24,832 they showed up at 11:30 this morning. 257 00:22:25,041 --> 00:22:26,875 And Homo Sapiens Sapiens? 258 00:22:27,085 --> 00:22:29,461 We've been here for 23 minutes. 259 00:22:29,670 --> 00:22:31,339 And the entire Industrial Revolution 260 00:22:31,546 --> 00:22:33,632 which defines life as we know it 261 00:22:33,840 --> 00:22:35,550 to where we look for ideas, 262 00:22:35,759 --> 00:22:37,970 how we presume, how we live on this planet, 263 00:22:38,178 --> 00:22:41,890 everything around our technologies and our media, 264 00:22:42,099 --> 00:22:43,516 the last 200 years, 265 00:22:44,767 --> 00:22:46,103 one second. 266 00:22:46,311 --> 00:22:47,645 That's it. 267 00:23:06,372 --> 00:23:09,458 I'm such a young species. 268 00:23:09,666 --> 00:23:11,209 It's hard to believe. 269 00:23:15,005 --> 00:23:18,674 We have something like 99% match 270 00:23:18,883 --> 00:23:21,094 of our genes with chimpanzees. 271 00:23:23,013 --> 00:23:28,393 Even with trees, we share 25% of the genes with trees, 272 00:23:32,021 --> 00:23:33,897 so that we're starting to realize 273 00:23:34,106 --> 00:23:35,941 that we're really all kin. 274 00:23:36,150 --> 00:23:37,901 We're all cousins. 275 00:24:03,842 --> 00:24:06,970 {\an8}And our understandings of many of the peoples 276 00:24:07,179 --> 00:24:09,389 {\an8}that I come from and that I work with 277 00:24:09,931 --> 00:24:12,350 is that every aspect of creation, 278 00:24:12,558 --> 00:24:15,479 every aspect of an ecosystem is alive 279 00:24:17,939 --> 00:24:21,359 from the smallest particles of creation 280 00:24:21,567 --> 00:24:23,278 to the largest. 281 00:24:25,489 --> 00:24:27,615 Each of them are necessary to be a part 282 00:24:27,823 --> 00:24:31,869 of keeping something in balance in the natural world. 283 00:24:42,879 --> 00:24:45,340 I thought of myself as different, 284 00:24:45,549 --> 00:24:48,218 separate, superior, 285 00:24:49,135 --> 00:24:51,678 yet all this is making sense. 286 00:24:53,056 --> 00:24:57,017 I convinced myself I needed to separate from nature, 287 00:24:57,227 --> 00:24:59,479 but I probably went too far. 288 00:25:04,691 --> 00:25:06,985 And then, so you can think, huh, 289 00:25:07,194 --> 00:25:10,781 maybe this new deep understanding required 290 00:25:10,989 --> 00:25:12,991 {\an8}our disconnection from nature. 291 00:25:13,200 --> 00:25:14,284 {\an8}It's a possibility. 292 00:25:14,493 --> 00:25:17,246 {\an8}Maybe, to reach this full understanding, 293 00:25:17,454 --> 00:25:20,790 we had to go through this period of disconnection. 294 00:25:20,998 --> 00:25:22,584 Who knows for sure? 295 00:25:22,792 --> 00:25:25,253 But the exciting thing is that we're learning 296 00:25:25,461 --> 00:25:28,131 our commonality with all of life. 297 00:26:07,792 --> 00:26:10,087 I can't give up technology 298 00:26:10,296 --> 00:26:12,839 and go back to living in a cave. 299 00:26:13,798 --> 00:26:15,675 Then, what? 300 00:26:18,011 --> 00:26:20,430 It's not about giving up technology. 301 00:26:20,639 --> 00:26:23,099 In fact, the way through our evolutionary wall 302 00:26:23,308 --> 00:26:27,228 is by designing the most advanced technological era ever, 303 00:26:28,438 --> 00:26:31,316 the biological revolution. 304 00:26:35,736 --> 00:26:37,488 The entire Industrial Revolution 305 00:26:37,696 --> 00:26:39,990 was ultimately about taking: 306 00:26:41,074 --> 00:26:45,120 taking minerals, taking soil, taking oil, taking water. 307 00:26:45,329 --> 00:26:47,122 And we're very rapidly learning 308 00:26:47,331 --> 00:26:50,667 that there's a limit to how much that we can take. 309 00:26:52,628 --> 00:26:54,379 So by redefining our relationship, 310 00:26:54,588 --> 00:26:57,633 it isn't nature is there for us, 311 00:26:58,257 --> 00:27:02,136 {\an8}but we ultimately are part of the natural world. 312 00:27:02,345 --> 00:27:04,138 {\an8}Our lives depend on it. 313 00:27:04,347 --> 00:27:06,307 And if we can quiet our cleverness 314 00:27:06,515 --> 00:27:09,227 and we can instead borrow the recipe 315 00:27:09,435 --> 00:27:12,480 instead of taking the raw materials, 316 00:27:12,688 --> 00:27:16,233 then we've entered the biological revolution. 317 00:27:23,323 --> 00:27:27,577 Biomimicry is conscious emulation of nature's genius. 318 00:27:29,203 --> 00:27:31,163 We actually make an intentional choice 319 00:27:31,373 --> 00:27:33,958 to look to the other organisms for inspiration 320 00:27:34,166 --> 00:27:36,585 about how we can live better on this planet 321 00:27:36,794 --> 00:27:40,673 for our designs, for our processes, our systems. 322 00:27:43,259 --> 00:27:46,428 So ultimately, a biological revolution means 323 00:27:46,637 --> 00:27:49,180 we as a species, Homo Sapiens, have to learn 324 00:27:49,390 --> 00:27:51,975 to align itself back with the strategies 325 00:27:52,183 --> 00:27:54,560 that have succeeded for the other 30 million species 326 00:27:54,769 --> 00:27:57,814 that are on the planet today. 327 00:27:58,022 --> 00:28:00,191 And they've been around a lot longer than we have 328 00:28:00,400 --> 00:28:01,400 as a species. 329 00:28:01,442 --> 00:28:05,738 And so, with 3.8 billion years of R&D behind them, 330 00:28:05,946 --> 00:28:08,198 you might say there's a little bit of genius in that 331 00:28:08,408 --> 00:28:10,284 that we can borrow from. 332 00:28:13,870 --> 00:28:18,208 We have, as a race, invented all sorts of tools. 333 00:28:18,417 --> 00:28:21,961 We don't have to abandon that knowledge. 334 00:28:22,170 --> 00:28:26,841 We need to use that knowledge but open up our thinking 335 00:28:27,049 --> 00:28:29,885 {\an8}and use those tools and that knowledge 336 00:28:30,094 --> 00:28:32,555 {\an8}to then go back and revisit nature 337 00:28:32,764 --> 00:28:34,515 {\an8}and find new solutions. 338 00:28:36,892 --> 00:28:40,688 I used to think I could figure anything out, 339 00:28:40,895 --> 00:28:44,983 but how can I create objects without destroying nature? 340 00:28:47,778 --> 00:28:50,488 The answer lies looking at nature itself. 341 00:28:50,698 --> 00:28:52,615 Take a look at Morpho butterflies, 342 00:28:52,824 --> 00:28:55,785 an incredibly brilliant bright blue color, 343 00:28:55,994 --> 00:28:59,497 but you know, there's no pigment in these butterflies. 344 00:28:59,706 --> 00:29:03,208 The wings have nanostructures that create color 345 00:29:03,418 --> 00:29:06,253 just by their ability to refract light. 346 00:29:06,462 --> 00:29:10,257 And by emulating this design, scientists have created 347 00:29:10,466 --> 00:29:15,512 fabric, cosmetics, paint without the need for toxic dyes. 348 00:29:15,970 --> 00:29:18,056 In fact, they've even created displays 349 00:29:18,265 --> 00:29:20,476 that use minimal power and are fully visible 350 00:29:20,684 --> 00:29:22,310 in bright sunlight. 351 00:29:34,697 --> 00:29:36,657 Mimicking nature is still far 352 00:29:36,865 --> 00:29:39,369 from being an everyday reality. 353 00:29:42,789 --> 00:29:44,498 But I'm starting to see the potential 354 00:29:44,707 --> 00:29:48,460 for a new technological era, inspired by nature. 355 00:29:53,715 --> 00:29:56,301 There are turbines that powered with minimal energy 356 00:29:56,510 --> 00:29:59,513 that emulate the shape of the flow forms in seashells. 357 00:29:59,721 --> 00:30:01,305 There are self-cooling buildings 358 00:30:01,515 --> 00:30:03,933 that are emulating the way termite mounds cool, 359 00:30:04,141 --> 00:30:06,060 and even high-speed bullet trains 360 00:30:06,268 --> 00:30:10,356 that are emulating the beak of the kingfisher bird. 361 00:30:15,820 --> 00:30:17,946 One of the biggest challenges that we're facing 362 00:30:18,154 --> 00:30:19,740 as a species on this planet today 363 00:30:19,948 --> 00:30:21,408 is climate change. 364 00:30:23,410 --> 00:30:26,663 And the fact that we are pumping so much carbon dioxide 365 00:30:26,872 --> 00:30:29,666 into the atmosphere along with other greenhouse gases, 366 00:30:29,874 --> 00:30:31,334 that we're changing. 367 00:30:31,543 --> 00:30:34,546 We're changing the whole dynamics of the planet. 368 00:30:55,441 --> 00:30:57,108 That we actually have the opportunity 369 00:30:57,316 --> 00:30:59,360 {\an8}to look to the natural world and ask, 370 00:30:59,569 --> 00:31:02,697 {\an8}"What do you do with an excess carbon dioxide source? 371 00:31:02,906 --> 00:31:04,699 {\an8}"And how do you prevent the production 372 00:31:04,908 --> 00:31:07,118 of that carbon dioxide in the first place?" 373 00:31:07,326 --> 00:31:11,205 And plants provide an incredible opportunity. 374 00:31:11,414 --> 00:31:12,414 Plants photosynthesize, 375 00:31:12,582 --> 00:31:14,958 and photosynthesis is the magic combination 376 00:31:15,167 --> 00:31:19,463 of taking CO2 and water, and in the presence of sunlight, 377 00:31:19,672 --> 00:31:23,341 creating energy and sugars and oxygen. 378 00:31:29,473 --> 00:31:31,265 Learning from the plants, well, 379 00:31:31,475 --> 00:31:33,643 there's researchers that have now been able 380 00:31:33,852 --> 00:31:36,145 to use catalysts, pulling carbon dioxide 381 00:31:36,353 --> 00:31:38,022 out of the atmosphere. 382 00:31:50,367 --> 00:31:52,994 There's enough energy that hits the planet every day 383 00:31:53,203 --> 00:31:55,371 to power all of our energy needs. 384 00:31:55,580 --> 00:31:58,458 And by learning from some of the specific parts 385 00:31:58,666 --> 00:32:01,794 of photosynthesis itself, we can bio-optimize. 386 00:32:02,003 --> 00:32:05,423 We can improve on our solar panels today. 387 00:32:05,632 --> 00:32:07,634 And ideally, we get to a place where we're able 388 00:32:07,842 --> 00:32:10,385 to even manufacture our solar panels 389 00:32:10,595 --> 00:32:12,722 in a way that is sustainable. 390 00:32:20,896 --> 00:32:22,439 When it comes to biomimicry, 391 00:32:22,648 --> 00:32:25,275 the conscious emulation of nature's genius 392 00:32:25,484 --> 00:32:28,110 is ultimately about recognizing that life 393 00:32:28,319 --> 00:32:31,322 creates conditions conducive to life. 394 00:32:37,703 --> 00:32:40,206 And so, to truly practice biomimicry, 395 00:32:40,414 --> 00:32:43,459 it's beyond emulating form, what nature has made. 396 00:32:43,668 --> 00:32:46,462 But it's also asking, how has she made it 397 00:32:46,671 --> 00:32:50,173 and how does it fit in the larger ecosystem? 398 00:33:02,769 --> 00:33:05,897 And it comes from a place of quieting our cleverness 399 00:33:06,105 --> 00:33:08,399 and having the thanksgiving. 400 00:33:10,568 --> 00:33:13,320 Thank you for sharing your ideas with me. 401 00:33:13,529 --> 00:33:15,906 Thank you for giving us some insights 402 00:33:16,115 --> 00:33:18,576 about how we as such a young species 403 00:33:18,784 --> 00:33:21,704 can actually learn to live here on the planet. 404 00:34:02,618 --> 00:34:04,160 It's no wonder that as I moved away 405 00:34:04,368 --> 00:34:07,705 from nature, I was also moving away 406 00:34:07,914 --> 00:34:09,665 from nurturing my body. 407 00:34:13,628 --> 00:34:16,171 I used to think that all I needed to survive 408 00:34:16,380 --> 00:34:18,883 was a cold beer and a pizza. 409 00:34:19,091 --> 00:34:22,510 But now I'm realizing that I need clean air, 410 00:34:22,720 --> 00:34:25,555 clean water, the sun, and vibrant foods 411 00:34:25,765 --> 00:34:27,933 that capture those elements. 412 00:34:32,437 --> 00:34:34,397 If you stop and think about what's happening 413 00:34:34,606 --> 00:34:36,524 when you're breathing, it can actually be 414 00:34:36,733 --> 00:34:39,569 a very profound meditation on your connection 415 00:34:39,778 --> 00:34:42,113 to the environment around you. 416 00:34:48,661 --> 00:34:51,789 You're taking in from the air around your body 417 00:34:51,997 --> 00:34:53,374 {\an8}what your body needs to survive, 418 00:34:53,582 --> 00:34:56,418 {\an8}and you're breathing out what is no longer useful to you. 419 00:34:56,627 --> 00:34:58,067 {\an8}And the fascinating thing about that 420 00:34:58,252 --> 00:35:00,254 is the trees are doing the exact same thing, 421 00:35:00,463 --> 00:35:03,133 but they need what we're exhaling. 422 00:35:06,302 --> 00:35:09,098 And we need what they're exhaling. 423 00:35:11,724 --> 00:35:14,267 We really are that connected. 424 00:35:20,775 --> 00:35:23,402 Trees are our partners. 425 00:35:23,610 --> 00:35:27,781 {\an8}Trees are a critical piece of the life support system 426 00:35:27,989 --> 00:35:29,991 {\an8}of the planet. 427 00:35:34,746 --> 00:35:38,499 In Los Angeles, the incidence of obesity, 428 00:35:38,709 --> 00:35:43,337 diabetes, skin cancer, asthma, and lung disease 429 00:35:43,587 --> 00:35:45,673 is killing people. 430 00:35:46,716 --> 00:35:50,094 That map of where the highest concentrations are 431 00:35:50,302 --> 00:35:52,638 is in reverse proportion to the highest concentration 432 00:35:52,847 --> 00:35:55,015 of tree canopy. 433 00:36:01,479 --> 00:36:04,399 Now, it's a socio-economic correlation, 434 00:36:04,607 --> 00:36:08,486 but it's now being called environmental justice. 435 00:36:15,744 --> 00:36:19,830 Trees have been my shelter and my fuel. 436 00:36:20,957 --> 00:36:25,085 Now I realize that they also help to store water. 437 00:36:31,091 --> 00:36:33,509 When rain hits a tree, its leaves and branches 438 00:36:33,719 --> 00:36:38,514 collect the water and soften its impact on the ground. 439 00:36:38,723 --> 00:36:42,685 The mulch and the soil below the tree acts like a sponge 440 00:36:42,894 --> 00:36:46,773 and slowly releases that water into the soil. 441 00:36:46,981 --> 00:36:49,859 The roots and the fungi soak up that water, 442 00:36:50,067 --> 00:36:53,780 ultimately creating an underground reservoir. 443 00:36:56,199 --> 00:36:59,367 So trees are a natural water treatment system 444 00:36:59,576 --> 00:37:03,663 and can provide communities with this essential element. 445 00:37:22,973 --> 00:37:24,183 Without water, 446 00:37:24,391 --> 00:37:27,061 I can only survive for a few days. 447 00:37:30,605 --> 00:37:32,066 And to think that my body is made up 448 00:37:32,274 --> 00:37:35,777 of about 60 to 70% water. 449 00:37:46,453 --> 00:37:49,040 The sun nourishes life on Earth. 450 00:38:05,222 --> 00:38:09,017 As a diurnal animal, who evolved under the sun, 451 00:38:10,476 --> 00:38:12,353 how did I get to view sunlight 452 00:38:12,562 --> 00:38:14,605 as such a guilty pleasure? 453 00:38:25,867 --> 00:38:29,369 Besides my lifestyle taking me mostly indoors, 454 00:38:29,578 --> 00:38:31,955 I also convince myself to stay away from the sun 455 00:38:32,164 --> 00:38:34,457 for fear of sun cancer. 456 00:38:37,295 --> 00:38:39,129 Did I overdo it? 457 00:38:41,422 --> 00:38:42,862 We've discovered there's an epidemic 458 00:38:43,008 --> 00:38:44,550 of vitamin D deficiency, 459 00:38:44,759 --> 00:38:48,762 and this is contributing to the risk for diabetes, 460 00:38:48,972 --> 00:38:52,975 heart disease, certain cancers, osteoporosis. 461 00:38:53,184 --> 00:38:55,394 There are several other risk factors 462 00:38:55,603 --> 00:38:58,814 {\an8}for heart disease, but vitamin D deficiency 463 00:38:59,023 --> 00:39:02,567 {\an8}can increase the risk by as much as double. 464 00:39:06,446 --> 00:39:09,366 Interestingly, if we slather with sunblock 465 00:39:09,574 --> 00:39:11,618 and keep covered up with clothing 466 00:39:11,826 --> 00:39:14,495 and our vitamin D levels go down very low, 467 00:39:14,704 --> 00:39:17,707 we increase our risk for skin cancer. 468 00:39:20,084 --> 00:39:22,170 Well now, I might just start 469 00:39:22,378 --> 00:39:25,464 giving myself a little fun in the sun. 470 00:39:50,197 --> 00:39:52,073 {\an8}We get charged up by being out in the sun. 471 00:39:52,281 --> 00:39:53,898 {\an8}It actually helps our brain make serotonin 472 00:39:53,908 --> 00:39:56,786 {\an8}which helps us feel happy and alive. 473 00:40:03,960 --> 00:40:05,294 It was only a matter of time 474 00:40:05,502 --> 00:40:07,712 until I started to feel the consequences 475 00:40:07,921 --> 00:40:09,714 of so many bad choices. 476 00:40:27,399 --> 00:40:28,983 A research study was done 477 00:40:29,191 --> 00:40:31,235 {\an8}across the US in socio-economic groups 478 00:40:31,444 --> 00:40:34,738 {\an8}where cord blood was taken from the baby's umbilical cord 479 00:40:34,947 --> 00:40:36,531 at the time of birth. 480 00:40:39,159 --> 00:40:41,996 This blood was analyzed for 200 and some toxins 481 00:40:42,204 --> 00:40:44,622 commonly found on the planet. 482 00:40:47,542 --> 00:40:49,794 The average number of toxins found 483 00:40:50,003 --> 00:40:52,463 in all four quadrants of the country 484 00:40:52,672 --> 00:40:56,217 was over 200 toxins, almost the entire panel. 485 00:41:06,977 --> 00:41:10,397 So what this tells me is we can't be too careful 486 00:41:10,605 --> 00:41:12,941 in terms of what we drink and what we eat 487 00:41:13,150 --> 00:41:15,027 and the air we breathe. 488 00:41:29,915 --> 00:41:31,459 {\an8}I do prescribe medications. 489 00:41:31,667 --> 00:41:34,003 {\an8}They definitely have great value, therapeutically 490 00:41:34,211 --> 00:41:36,964 in my practice and in the field of medicine. 491 00:41:37,173 --> 00:41:40,967 I think there's room to include more natural approaches 492 00:41:41,177 --> 00:41:43,429 in terms of herbal or naturopathic approaches 493 00:41:43,636 --> 00:41:47,974 which may be a subtler intervention and over time 494 00:41:48,183 --> 00:41:51,061 can bring the same desired result. 495 00:41:52,854 --> 00:41:56,024 Cost is very affordable and side effects 496 00:41:56,232 --> 00:41:58,526 are minimal to none. 497 00:41:58,734 --> 00:42:01,028 So in my practice, I will recommend 498 00:42:01,236 --> 00:42:03,197 a therapeutic nutrition approach 499 00:42:03,406 --> 00:42:05,991 before a pharmaceutical approach 500 00:42:06,200 --> 00:42:08,660 if I can avoid some of the possible side effects 501 00:42:08,869 --> 00:42:11,455 of the pharmaceutical medication. 502 00:42:14,083 --> 00:42:16,000 We still need to keep in the back of our mind 503 00:42:16,210 --> 00:42:18,836 that Western medicine, if the condition worsens, 504 00:42:19,045 --> 00:42:20,588 can always come in later 505 00:42:20,797 --> 00:42:23,424 and the patient can enter the allopathic system 506 00:42:23,633 --> 00:42:24,884 at that point. 507 00:42:25,093 --> 00:42:29,097 But it's not necessarily the place they need to start. 508 00:42:38,105 --> 00:42:39,981 Over the last several decades, 509 00:42:40,190 --> 00:42:44,945 my distancing, I meant, my evolving away from nature, 510 00:42:45,153 --> 00:42:48,990 took me far away from natural foods. 511 00:42:49,199 --> 00:42:53,120 Progress was to have a meal that was ready in an instant. 512 00:42:53,328 --> 00:42:55,996 Maybe the time saved wasn't such a great trade-off 513 00:42:56,205 --> 00:42:57,206 after all. 514 00:43:15,558 --> 00:43:18,059 {\an8}Definitely eating foods as close 515 00:43:18,268 --> 00:43:20,061 {\an8}to their naturally occurring form 516 00:43:20,270 --> 00:43:24,065 from when they were in the field for vegetables and fruits 517 00:43:24,274 --> 00:43:25,514 is a healthier way to have them 518 00:43:25,649 --> 00:43:28,694 because the nutrients, the enzymes, the vitamins 519 00:43:28,902 --> 00:43:31,071 are all going to be more present, more intact, 520 00:43:31,281 --> 00:43:32,906 in larger quantity. 521 00:43:34,783 --> 00:43:36,827 So the closer to nature, the better. 522 00:43:37,035 --> 00:43:40,164 The more organically grown, the better. 523 00:43:54,719 --> 00:43:56,095 If commercials seduced me 524 00:43:56,304 --> 00:43:58,640 with processed foods, 525 00:43:58,848 --> 00:44:01,517 nature is seducing me with beauty. 526 00:44:03,019 --> 00:44:04,343 {\an8}This is one of the healthiest things you can do 527 00:44:04,353 --> 00:44:05,770 {\an8}is look at your plate or your salad 528 00:44:05,979 --> 00:44:07,648 and include these beautiful colors 529 00:44:07,856 --> 00:44:09,390 and try include as many different colors 530 00:44:09,400 --> 00:44:10,474 on your plate that you can. 531 00:44:10,484 --> 00:44:13,987 This is a great thing to do with kids too. 532 00:44:47,686 --> 00:44:49,187 Besides nature seducing me 533 00:44:49,396 --> 00:44:51,565 into eating natural foods, 534 00:44:51,773 --> 00:44:54,234 it also lures me back to health. 535 00:44:58,488 --> 00:45:01,407 I can recover faster from surgeries, 536 00:45:01,616 --> 00:45:04,160 have fewer complications, 537 00:45:04,369 --> 00:45:06,621 and need fewer painkillers when I'm taken 538 00:45:06,828 --> 00:45:09,289 to a room with a view of nature. 539 00:45:20,925 --> 00:45:23,928 I moved from living in caves 540 00:45:24,136 --> 00:45:25,972 to small dwellings, 541 00:45:27,516 --> 00:45:29,308 then villages, 542 00:45:29,892 --> 00:45:32,186 and now cities. 543 00:45:37,816 --> 00:45:42,571 Cities, magnificent examples of my power 544 00:45:44,948 --> 00:45:46,742 and evolution. 545 00:45:51,871 --> 00:45:54,541 For centuries, they've helped me develop my skills 546 00:45:54,749 --> 00:45:59,212 as a scientist, artist, doctor, entrepreneur. 547 00:46:00,463 --> 00:46:04,216 But life in the big city, more than ever, 548 00:46:04,426 --> 00:46:06,594 is taking its toll on me. 549 00:46:11,724 --> 00:46:14,184 {\an8}And the kind of lifestyles 550 00:46:14,393 --> 00:46:18,314 {\an8}that we've gotten into where we're continuously stimulated 551 00:46:19,315 --> 00:46:22,693 keeps us in a state of continuous autonomic 552 00:46:22,900 --> 00:46:24,861 nervous system overdrive. 553 00:46:28,031 --> 00:46:29,907 This has a terrible effect on the body. 554 00:46:30,116 --> 00:46:32,201 And we know that just about every disease, 555 00:46:32,410 --> 00:46:33,490 every illness that there is 556 00:46:33,661 --> 00:46:36,581 has a relationship to stress. 557 00:46:42,002 --> 00:46:45,088 Just a few minutes on a crowded street 558 00:46:45,297 --> 00:46:49,301 has a negative impact on my memory and attention. 559 00:46:53,305 --> 00:46:55,432 And many of our buildings now are very alien 560 00:46:55,640 --> 00:46:59,268 and separated from the natural world. 561 00:46:59,478 --> 00:47:03,481 The average office worker works in a windowless environment. 562 00:47:06,650 --> 00:47:09,278 They may think it's functional to have just a desk 563 00:47:09,487 --> 00:47:11,739 and a computer and an assignment. 564 00:47:11,946 --> 00:47:13,324 But those windowless environments, 565 00:47:13,532 --> 00:47:15,284 people are less productive. 566 00:47:15,493 --> 00:47:16,493 They're less motivated. 567 00:47:16,535 --> 00:47:17,855 They have higher morale problems. 568 00:47:17,952 --> 00:47:19,287 There's greater absenteeism. 569 00:47:19,497 --> 00:47:22,708 That's not productive over the long haul. 570 00:47:28,171 --> 00:47:29,963 Having my lunch break in the wilderness 571 00:47:30,173 --> 00:47:31,965 isn't usually possible, 572 00:47:33,259 --> 00:47:35,387 so if I can't go to nature 573 00:47:36,388 --> 00:47:39,139 why not bring nature to me? 574 00:47:50,942 --> 00:47:53,695 We want to create spaces that will motivate people, 575 00:47:53,903 --> 00:47:56,322 that will satisfy them and bring them pleasure 576 00:47:56,532 --> 00:47:58,575 where they'll be most productive. 577 00:47:58,784 --> 00:48:00,326 They not only have to be efficient 578 00:48:00,535 --> 00:48:03,496 and have recyclable materials and be non-toxic, 579 00:48:03,704 --> 00:48:07,750 but they also have to be affirmative and enriching. 580 00:48:08,876 --> 00:48:11,128 We have to do this with our manufacturing facilities. 581 00:48:11,337 --> 00:48:12,880 {\an8}We have to do it with our schools. 582 00:48:13,088 --> 00:48:14,507 {\an8}We have to do it with our homes 583 00:48:14,715 --> 00:48:17,342 {\an8}and residential facilities and apartments. 584 00:48:17,552 --> 00:48:21,012 All these need to incorporate this experiential need 585 00:48:21,221 --> 00:48:23,223 to affiliate with nature. 586 00:48:31,440 --> 00:48:34,358 The times that I need nature the most 587 00:48:34,568 --> 00:48:36,110 is when I'm grieving. 588 00:48:40,448 --> 00:48:44,452 After 9/11, New York parks and botanical gardens 589 00:48:44,660 --> 00:48:47,288 had record numbers of visitors. 590 00:49:12,520 --> 00:49:16,482 Nature, for many people, is a sacred place. 591 00:49:17,357 --> 00:49:20,068 {\an8}And for all the churches and mosques and temples 592 00:49:20,611 --> 00:49:22,237 {\an8}that exist in this world, 593 00:49:22,446 --> 00:49:25,072 {\an8}often when people are mourning 594 00:49:25,282 --> 00:49:28,993 and feeling isolated and feeling just plain bad, 595 00:49:29,202 --> 00:49:30,871 what restores them and comforts them 596 00:49:31,078 --> 00:49:32,873 truly is Mother Nature. 597 00:49:51,473 --> 00:49:52,850 What is the role of nature 598 00:49:53,058 --> 00:49:55,060 in a child's development? 599 00:50:03,360 --> 00:50:05,445 Well, if urban kids are spending 600 00:50:05,654 --> 00:50:07,614 most of their time indoors, 601 00:50:07,822 --> 00:50:12,451 then trends in childhood obesity, stress, and diabetes 602 00:50:12,660 --> 00:50:14,870 are only likely to get worse. 603 00:50:29,969 --> 00:50:31,804 When kids are spending this much time 604 00:50:32,012 --> 00:50:34,014 in the digital world, how can their muscles 605 00:50:34,222 --> 00:50:36,683 and body structure develop normally? 606 00:50:36,891 --> 00:50:39,894 Won't they grow up to be stiff and slouchy? 607 00:50:40,102 --> 00:50:41,854 Not only that, but apparently 608 00:50:42,062 --> 00:50:45,148 they're not as smart as they could be. 609 00:50:46,985 --> 00:50:49,486 Researchers discovered that nature deprivation 610 00:50:49,695 --> 00:50:52,155 negatively impacts the development of the brain 611 00:50:52,364 --> 00:50:53,740 in the early years. 612 00:51:02,331 --> 00:51:05,293 Children who are deprived of nature 613 00:51:05,501 --> 00:51:07,921 {\an8}are missing an essential ingredient 614 00:51:08,129 --> 00:51:11,215 {\an8}that goes into their soul development. 615 00:51:19,599 --> 00:51:22,602 Kids that don't have a sense of awe 616 00:51:23,603 --> 00:51:25,855 and just feeling the exuberance 617 00:51:26,063 --> 00:51:28,899 of being out of doors and free are missing 618 00:51:29,107 --> 00:51:32,944 a major experience of what it's like to be human 619 00:51:33,153 --> 00:51:35,363 early in life. 620 00:51:48,960 --> 00:51:50,878 {\an8}The benefits of children being in nature, 621 00:51:51,087 --> 00:51:54,548 {\an8}I think, are on many levels from the physicality 622 00:51:54,757 --> 00:51:58,052 of working your muscles and building strength 623 00:52:02,180 --> 00:52:05,642 to the socialization that happens from play 624 00:52:11,856 --> 00:52:13,733 to the sort of creativity that happens 625 00:52:13,941 --> 00:52:15,652 from children's play, 626 00:52:21,657 --> 00:52:23,575 the nervous system relaxation that happens 627 00:52:23,784 --> 00:52:25,619 from being in nature. 628 00:52:29,665 --> 00:52:33,752 Our brains are reacting to nature moment to moment. 629 00:52:36,504 --> 00:52:38,464 This is a whole body experience 630 00:52:38,674 --> 00:52:41,009 that is healing for us, really. 631 00:53:01,112 --> 00:53:02,696 We're even starting to move 632 00:53:02,904 --> 00:53:07,951 the classroom outside, knowing that kids learn best 633 00:53:10,285 --> 00:53:12,287 when they're having fun. 634 00:53:32,725 --> 00:53:35,309 The measure of progress in civilization 635 00:53:35,518 --> 00:53:38,271 {\an8}has become deeply tied to the assumption 636 00:53:38,479 --> 00:53:40,732 {\an8}that we can transcend nature. 637 00:53:48,698 --> 00:53:51,533 We might have been dropped from another planet 638 00:53:51,743 --> 00:53:55,872 at a godlike creature that really isn't biological, 639 00:53:56,080 --> 00:53:57,760 really isn't embedded in the natural world 640 00:53:57,873 --> 00:53:59,499 like other species. 641 00:54:14,305 --> 00:54:15,865 The notion of biophilia is that we have 642 00:54:15,932 --> 00:54:19,435 an inherent need to affiliate with the natural world 643 00:54:19,643 --> 00:54:22,230 that has been and continues to be instrumental 644 00:54:22,438 --> 00:54:23,856 in our health and our productivity 645 00:54:24,064 --> 00:54:25,566 and our well-being. 646 00:54:29,862 --> 00:54:32,697 For over 99% of our time on Earth, 647 00:54:32,907 --> 00:54:35,784 we evolved in a natural environment. 648 00:56:23,052 --> 00:56:24,428 When I'm in nature, 649 00:56:24,636 --> 00:56:26,889 I feel like a better person. 650 00:56:30,976 --> 00:56:33,812 When in nature, I become more caring 651 00:56:34,021 --> 00:56:35,898 and connected to others. 652 00:57:30,950 --> 00:57:33,410 All humans have an inherent need 653 00:57:33,619 --> 00:57:36,956 to find meaning and purpose in their lives. 654 00:57:42,502 --> 00:57:44,879 We've often historically referred to that 655 00:57:45,088 --> 00:57:48,049 {\an8}as spirituality, to have a sense that life 656 00:57:48,257 --> 00:57:50,718 {\an8}has greater value than just being 657 00:57:50,927 --> 00:57:53,512 in an isolated speck of matter, 658 00:57:53,721 --> 00:57:57,516 a moment of time in a vastness of the universe. 659 00:58:07,192 --> 00:58:08,944 {\an8}In each day, take one moment 660 00:58:09,152 --> 00:58:11,697 {\an8}to take one breath and understand that 661 00:58:11,905 --> 00:58:14,157 {\an8}that breath brings life into our bodies. 662 00:58:14,366 --> 00:58:15,909 And that same breath connects us 663 00:58:16,118 --> 00:58:18,078 to every other human being on this planet, 664 00:58:18,286 --> 00:58:21,872 to all the rest of creation on this planet. 665 00:58:26,794 --> 00:58:28,671 Sometimes the most challenging thing to do 666 00:58:28,879 --> 00:58:31,924 is to sit in silence with ourselves 667 00:58:32,133 --> 00:58:33,926 and to have a place and an opportunity 668 00:58:34,135 --> 00:58:38,472 for us to reflect and reconnect our relationship 669 00:58:38,680 --> 00:58:41,891 with creation and reconnect our relationship 670 00:58:42,100 --> 00:58:43,977 with our own emotions and our own spirit 671 00:58:44,185 --> 00:58:45,937 and own mind and our own bodies 672 00:58:46,146 --> 00:58:49,941 so that we can actually begin to be experiencing 673 00:58:50,150 --> 00:58:52,360 a fulfilled human experience. 674 00:59:01,369 --> 00:59:03,954 {\an8}The more we take time to be in touch 675 00:59:04,163 --> 00:59:08,042 {\an8}with ourselves, to be reflective about our lives, 676 00:59:09,376 --> 00:59:10,961 the more we exercise the muscle 677 00:59:11,170 --> 00:59:13,130 of what's called mindfulness, 678 00:59:13,338 --> 00:59:16,383 which is learning to be able to pay attention 679 00:59:16,591 --> 00:59:18,801 to the stream of thoughts and feelings 680 00:59:19,010 --> 00:59:22,346 and reactions and desires, the more we do that, 681 00:59:22,555 --> 00:59:24,275 the more we're able to bring our best selves 682 00:59:24,390 --> 00:59:25,600 into the world, 683 00:59:28,519 --> 00:59:29,561 the more we're able 684 00:59:29,770 --> 00:59:32,731 to be a positive influence on others. 685 01:00:19,109 --> 01:00:23,321 When I think of all of nature's gifts, 686 01:00:25,323 --> 01:00:28,659 it feels like falling in love. 687 01:00:37,918 --> 01:00:41,713 And what I love, I protect. 688 01:00:48,220 --> 01:00:51,806 When I love, I transform. 689 01:01:04,152 --> 01:01:07,863 And maybe, just maybe, 690 01:01:10,782 --> 01:01:14,995 instead of keeping on this path to self-destruction, 691 01:01:16,037 --> 01:01:19,749 I might break through that evolutionary wall. 692 01:01:36,182 --> 01:01:39,101 There are people in touch with nature. 693 01:01:39,310 --> 01:01:43,439 There are conscious people being motivated by love. 694 01:01:43,647 --> 01:01:46,858 And those people are offering solutions. 695 01:01:48,611 --> 01:01:51,738 So fear is driving towards solutions. 696 01:01:53,239 --> 01:01:55,992 And love is providing solution. 697 01:01:59,287 --> 01:02:01,705 We are part of this extraordinary story 698 01:02:01,914 --> 01:02:05,501 that's been going on for billions of years. 699 01:02:13,258 --> 01:02:15,177 And for the first time, we can look back 700 01:02:15,385 --> 01:02:17,471 with self-awareness and say, 701 01:02:17,679 --> 01:02:19,973 "How can we now participate?" 702 01:02:20,890 --> 01:02:22,490 "And how can we now take responsibility" 703 01:02:22,559 --> 01:02:25,978 "for this planet that we're living upon?" 704 01:02:37,240 --> 01:02:40,159 Let me tell you what I see. 705 01:02:40,368 --> 01:02:44,079 There are people in action all over the world. 706 01:03:23,825 --> 01:03:25,368 Because nature heals, 707 01:03:25,577 --> 01:03:29,664 the environmental movement is a social justice movement. 708 01:04:01,528 --> 01:04:03,863 {\an8}It's estimated that over one million 709 01:04:04,071 --> 01:04:06,324 {\an8}organizations are pursuing nature's protection 710 01:04:06,532 --> 01:04:08,117 and restoration. 711 01:04:08,326 --> 01:04:10,328 This is the largest movement to ever take hold 712 01:04:10,536 --> 01:04:13,539 in the history of human civilization. 713 01:04:17,876 --> 01:04:19,596 {\an8}When you look from a scientific perspective 714 01:04:19,795 --> 01:04:23,256 {\an8}and an ecosystem perspective and you're studying it, 715 01:04:23,465 --> 01:04:24,257 you always ask the question, 716 01:04:24,466 --> 01:04:26,134 "What's its role? "What's its function?" 717 01:04:26,343 --> 01:04:29,304 And you begin to see that every species has a role 718 01:04:29,512 --> 01:04:31,431 and multiple roles to play in keeping 719 01:04:31,639 --> 01:04:34,642 the whole system functioning. 720 01:04:34,850 --> 01:04:38,145 But we forget to look at the human role. 721 01:04:39,980 --> 01:04:42,107 So when you turn the lens 722 01:04:43,567 --> 01:04:48,280 and look at what this being, the human being, 723 01:04:48,489 --> 01:04:50,532 how it has been crafted, 724 01:04:50,741 --> 01:04:53,744 all of our functionality, our thinking, 725 01:04:53,951 --> 01:04:57,664 our creativity, our passion, our compassion, 726 01:04:57,872 --> 01:04:59,957 you begin to see 727 01:05:00,166 --> 01:05:03,127 because everything has been adapted by the Earth, 728 01:05:03,336 --> 01:05:05,296 we have been profoundly adapted 729 01:05:05,505 --> 01:05:09,342 by the Earth ecosystem to a high state of intelligence, 730 01:05:09,550 --> 01:05:12,260 a high state of problem solving. 731 01:05:14,389 --> 01:05:17,891 The universe took 13.7 billion years 732 01:05:18,100 --> 01:05:22,562 to bring forth this really amazing creature in which 733 01:05:22,771 --> 01:05:26,316 the magnificence of life and of the universe 734 01:05:26,525 --> 01:05:28,777 can come forth. 735 01:05:32,572 --> 01:05:35,867 All of this information we now know about the stars 736 01:05:36,075 --> 01:05:39,412 comes from wondering about the stars. 737 01:05:39,620 --> 01:05:41,956 Wonder then would be so central 738 01:05:42,164 --> 01:05:45,042 to what it means to be human. 739 01:05:49,422 --> 01:05:52,382 It seems obvious to me that one of our roles 740 01:05:52,591 --> 01:05:54,802 is simply to become astonished 741 01:05:55,009 --> 01:05:57,345 with where we find ourselves 742 01:05:57,554 --> 01:06:00,891 and really to praise everything around us. 743 01:06:21,452 --> 01:06:23,579 In the beginning of my life, 744 01:06:23,787 --> 01:06:26,080 some 200 thousand years ago, 745 01:06:27,999 --> 01:06:32,211 I was scared of thunder and creatures of the wild. 746 01:06:36,007 --> 01:06:38,259 So in the last few centuries, 747 01:06:38,468 --> 01:06:41,929 I've tried to tame nature and its creatures. 748 01:06:44,682 --> 01:06:47,184 In a very short time, I've disrupted 749 01:06:47,393 --> 01:06:49,645 billions of years of evolution 750 01:06:51,480 --> 01:06:52,564 and lost myself. 751 01:07:11,499 --> 01:07:14,460 Now I know what I'm searching for. 752 01:07:17,505 --> 01:07:19,965 And I see that I have choices. 753 01:07:24,512 --> 01:07:26,471 When the wind whispers, 754 01:07:27,890 --> 01:07:30,683 I hear nature telling me to follow 755 01:07:36,564 --> 01:07:39,442 if I want to find my way home. 58279

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