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00:00:09,610 --> 00:00:11,440
WILDMAN: The truth
behind a killer lake.
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00:00:11,445 --> 00:00:13,785
It felt like a scene
out of a horror movie.
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00:00:15,849 --> 00:00:17,949
WILDMAN: An unlikely hero
aboard the Titanic.
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00:00:17,951 --> 00:00:19,386
[ Crashing ]
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00:00:19,386 --> 00:00:22,055
PHINEAS: He knew he was going
to go into these icy waters.
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00:00:22,055 --> 00:00:24,355
He was ready to meet his maker.
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00:00:24,358 --> 00:00:25,926
[ Man screaming ]
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00:00:25,926 --> 00:00:27,426
WILDMAN: And the riddle
of the pyramids
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00:00:27,427 --> 00:00:31,127
is finally solved
by a farmer in Nebraska.
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00:00:31,131 --> 00:00:34,801
He possessed the power
of the ancient pharaohs.
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00:00:37,037 --> 00:00:39,237
WILDMAN: But first,
this pilot’s jacket
12
00:00:39,239 --> 00:00:41,669
recalls the fate of
an American adventurer
13
00:00:41,675 --> 00:00:45,012
in a strange region
known as the Nevada Triangle.
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00:00:45,012 --> 00:00:47,147
This is the story
of a famous aviator
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00:00:47,147 --> 00:00:49,677
who disappeared into thin air.
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00:00:49,683 --> 00:00:52,019
♪
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00:00:52,019 --> 00:00:53,749
WILDMAN: Amazing mysteries,
18
00:00:53,754 --> 00:00:55,155
bizarre phenomena,
19
00:00:55,155 --> 00:00:56,885
and chilling secrets.
20
00:00:56,890 --> 00:00:58,525
I’m Don Wildman.
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00:00:58,525 --> 00:01:01,855
Join me on a journey
beyond the unknown.
22
00:01:01,862 --> 00:01:03,730
♪
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00:01:03,730 --> 00:01:06,366
It’s September 3, 2007.
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00:01:06,366 --> 00:01:07,596
[ Telephone rings ]
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00:01:07,601 --> 00:01:10,971
Authorities in Nevada
get a distressing call ‐‐
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a small single‐engine plane
has gone missing.
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00:01:14,241 --> 00:01:17,941
It took off from a private ranch
for a short round‐trip flight
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and after 4 hours
has not returned.
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At the controls
was a well‐known millionaire
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00:01:23,550 --> 00:01:25,190
named Steve Fossett.
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Steve Fossett was
a highly experienced aviator.
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He was fearless, and he had
a really adventurous spirit.
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WILDMAN:
The 63‐year‐old expert airman
holds numerous flying records,
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including one for the first
nonstop solo flight
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00:01:41,468 --> 00:01:43,198
around the world.
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The disappearance of such
a seasoned pilot is puzzling.
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But then they learned Fossett
was flying
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through one of the most
mysterious sections of airspace
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in the country ‐‐
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the Nevada Triangle.
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This 25,000‐mile swath
of the American Southwest
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is bound by Reno to the north,
Las Vegas to the south,
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and Fresno, California,
to the west.
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And since the 1940s,
as many as 2,000 aircraft
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have crashed or gone missing
in the area.
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HANSEN: Nobody could figure out
what had happened to them,
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what had caused this region
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to be so treacherous
to airplanes.
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We might start high
and parallel down.
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00:02:26,580 --> 00:02:29,216
WILDMAN: For 5 weeks,
officials scour
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00:02:29,216 --> 00:02:32,746
the rugged mountainous terrain
and dense forests,
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but Steve Fossett and his plane
are nowhere to be found.
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00:02:36,690 --> 00:02:39,390
In October,
the search is called off.
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00:02:39,393 --> 00:02:44,531
Steve Fossett had vanished
into the Nevada Triangle.
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WILDMAN: In the weeks
and months that follow,
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a host of theories emerge
to explain
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what could have happened
to the expert aviator
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and all the other aircraft
that have crashed or disappeared
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in the Nevada Triangle.
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00:02:56,043 --> 00:02:57,743
Some believe the answer
can be found
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within a vast
top‐secret military zone
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that lies in the heart
of the Triangle ‐‐
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Area 51.
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00:03:06,453 --> 00:03:10,490
HANSEN: Because Area 51 is so
top‐secret and heavily secured,
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00:03:10,490 --> 00:03:12,025
some feared that pilots
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00:03:12,025 --> 00:03:15,085
may have inadvertently wandered
into its airspace
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00:03:15,095 --> 00:03:17,898
and been intercepted
by the U. S. Air Force.
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00:03:17,898 --> 00:03:21,298
WILDMAN:
Some even speculate that aliens
might be to blame.
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00:03:22,703 --> 00:03:27,307
HANSEN: Area 51 is known for
UFO sightings, alien encounters,
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so this, of course,
spurs the imagination.
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WILDMAN:
But no one really knows.
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00:03:34,281 --> 00:03:36,016
HANSEN: There was
no conclusive evidence,
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and everyone was desperate
for answers.
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00:03:38,485 --> 00:03:41,555
WILDMAN: Then, a year
after Fossett’s disappearance,
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00:03:41,555 --> 00:03:43,557
the truth emerges,
and with it,
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the key to unlocking the secrets
of the Nevada Triangle.
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♪
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In September 2008, near
Mammoth Lakes in California,
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a hiker makes an unexpected
discovery in the woods ‐‐
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00:03:57,370 --> 00:04:02,909
an ID card bearing
the name Steve Fossett.
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00:04:02,909 --> 00:04:06,379
Just 2 days later, the wreckage
of Fossett’s aircraft is found
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00:04:06,379 --> 00:04:08,109
along with his remains.
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00:04:08,115 --> 00:04:10,150
The discovery
re‐ignites the debate
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00:04:10,150 --> 00:04:11,280
over what really happened.
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00:04:11,284 --> 00:04:13,053
HANSEN: People were more
determined than ever
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00:04:13,053 --> 00:04:16,857
to get to the bottom
of this mystery.
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00:04:16,857 --> 00:04:19,287
WILDMAN: The case is handed over
to the acting chairman
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00:04:19,292 --> 00:04:24,231
of the National Transportation
Safety Board, Mark J. Rosenker.
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00:04:24,231 --> 00:04:25,866
Rosenker and his team start
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00:04:25,866 --> 00:04:28,096
by carefully examining
the wreckage.
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00:04:28,101 --> 00:04:32,071
Knowing Fossett’s skill set,
they ruled out pilot error.
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00:04:32,072 --> 00:04:34,207
So Rosenker turns his attention
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00:04:34,207 --> 00:04:37,407
to another possible
contributing factor ‐‐
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00:04:37,410 --> 00:04:39,546
the weather.
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00:04:39,546 --> 00:04:41,146
The Nevada Triangle is plagued
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00:04:41,148 --> 00:04:44,017
by a series of bizarre
wind conditions.
97
00:04:44,017 --> 00:04:45,647
The wind in the Nevada Triangle
98
00:04:45,652 --> 00:04:48,421
creates these really
intense wave‐like patterns
99
00:04:48,421 --> 00:04:51,158
that aircraft
can get caught up in.
100
00:04:51,158 --> 00:04:53,388
WILDMAN: As air moves in
from the Pacific Ocean,
101
00:04:53,393 --> 00:04:56,163
it flows over the peaks
of the Sierra Nevadas.
102
00:04:56,163 --> 00:05:01,501
Then with tremendous force,
it rushes down the other side.
103
00:05:01,501 --> 00:05:05,271
This creates
a powerful downdraft.
104
00:05:05,272 --> 00:05:07,908
Rosenker examines
meteorological records
105
00:05:07,908 --> 00:05:10,208
from the day
of Fossett’s disappearance,
106
00:05:10,210 --> 00:05:12,510
and what he finds
is that the downdrafts
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00:05:12,512 --> 00:05:15,752
reached a staggering
400 miles per hour.
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00:05:17,684 --> 00:05:20,821
HANSEN: Even an
experienced pilot like himself
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00:05:20,821 --> 00:05:23,021
was no match
against these forces.
110
00:05:23,023 --> 00:05:24,891
[ Wind whistling ]
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♪
112
00:05:26,326 --> 00:05:29,026
WILDMAN: Rosenker and his team
believe Fossett’s plane
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00:05:29,029 --> 00:05:32,329
was swatted out of the sky
by these fierce winds
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00:05:32,332 --> 00:05:34,432
and crashed in the dense woods,
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00:05:34,434 --> 00:05:37,170
which made it
extremely difficult to find.
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00:05:37,170 --> 00:05:40,470
It’s a fate that could have
befallen scores of aviators
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00:05:40,473 --> 00:05:41,773
over the years.
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00:05:41,775 --> 00:05:43,977
HANSEN: This may very well
have been the reason
119
00:05:43,977 --> 00:05:45,577
that so many planes
had disappeared
120
00:05:45,579 --> 00:05:47,009
in the Nevada Triangle.
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00:05:47,013 --> 00:05:49,449
♪
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00:05:49,449 --> 00:05:54,149
WILDMAN:
Today, a pilot jacket once worn
by Steve Fossett sits on display
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00:05:54,154 --> 00:05:57,123
at the Museum of Flight
in Seattle, Washington.
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00:05:57,123 --> 00:06:00,060
It’s a haunting reminder
of not just one pilot,
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00:06:00,060 --> 00:06:02,195
but many who may have been lost
126
00:06:02,195 --> 00:06:04,895
to a mysterious
and natural power.
127
00:06:04,898 --> 00:06:08,228
♪
128
00:06:08,235 --> 00:06:12,973
This tall pleated hat recalls
an act of extraordinary bravery
129
00:06:12,973 --> 00:06:15,475
[ People screaming ]
in the face of certain death.
130
00:06:15,475 --> 00:06:19,375
This story is about
the very last man
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00:06:19,379 --> 00:06:21,609
to go down on the Titanic.
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00:06:21,615 --> 00:06:26,152
♪
133
00:06:26,152 --> 00:06:29,122
WILDMAN: It’s April 10, 1912.
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00:06:29,122 --> 00:06:32,792
The RMS Titanic embarks
on her maiden voyage
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00:06:32,792 --> 00:06:35,729
from Southampton, England,
to New York City.
136
00:06:35,729 --> 00:06:38,829
On board are some of the richest
and most powerful people
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00:06:38,832 --> 00:06:40,432
in the world.
138
00:06:40,433 --> 00:06:45,171
Among them is real estate tycoon
John Jacob Astor IV,
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00:06:45,171 --> 00:06:48,041
mining magnate
Benjamin Guggenheim,
140
00:06:48,041 --> 00:06:50,441
and the owners of Macy’s
department store,
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00:06:50,443 --> 00:06:53,246
Isidor and Ida Straus.
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00:06:53,246 --> 00:06:56,416
No expense has been spared
for their delight.
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00:06:56,416 --> 00:07:00,286
PHINEAS: The Titanic was the
crème de la crème of its era,
144
00:07:00,287 --> 00:07:05,217
with ballrooms and orchestras
and piano bars...
145
00:07:05,225 --> 00:07:06,359
[ Chuckles ]
146
00:07:06,359 --> 00:07:10,129
...every kind of delicacy
of food.
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00:07:10,130 --> 00:07:14,630
This ship was
a floating 5‐star hotel.
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WILDMAN: Maintaining
these luxurious accommodations
149
00:07:17,370 --> 00:07:21,570
is a staff of 908
dedicated crew members.
150
00:07:21,574 --> 00:07:25,712
Among them is the chief baker,
Charles Joughin.
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00:07:25,712 --> 00:07:28,748
PHINEAS: Charles was a very,
very good baker
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00:07:28,748 --> 00:07:32,078
extolled for the quality
of his bakery goods.
153
00:07:32,085 --> 00:07:33,887
And we’re talking
not just bread,
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00:07:33,887 --> 00:07:35,956
but we’re also talking desserts
155
00:07:35,956 --> 00:07:37,356
and all kinds
of things like that.
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00:07:37,357 --> 00:07:39,687
He was a very accomplished chef.
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00:07:39,693 --> 00:07:41,828
WILDMAN: But he’s about
to assist the passengers
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in a way he never anticipated.
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♪
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Just after 11:30 P. M.
on April 14th...
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[ Crashing ]
162
00:07:51,905 --> 00:07:53,239
[ Dishes rattling ]
163
00:07:53,239 --> 00:07:56,339
...the Titanic strikes
an iceberg and starts to sink.
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00:07:56,343 --> 00:07:57,943
[ People screaming ]
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As passengers scramble
to locate loved ones
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00:08:00,714 --> 00:08:04,284
and board lifeboats,
panic spreads.
167
00:08:04,284 --> 00:08:07,821
And that’s when Joughin
springs into action.
168
00:08:07,821 --> 00:08:09,990
Instead of preparing
to abandon ship,
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00:08:09,990 --> 00:08:11,858
he gathers loaves of bread
170
00:08:11,858 --> 00:08:14,458
and hands them out
to desperate passengers.
171
00:08:14,461 --> 00:08:17,661
PHINEAS:
He was basically thinking,
if they went off that ship,
172
00:08:17,664 --> 00:08:19,866
at least they would go
with a loaf of bread
173
00:08:19,866 --> 00:08:22,796
because who knows
when they would be rescued.
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00:08:22,802 --> 00:08:26,039
[ Screaming continues ]
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00:08:26,039 --> 00:08:30,076
WILDMAN:
In a matter of moments,
Joughin’s supply runs out.
176
00:08:30,076 --> 00:08:31,976
With the ship rapidly sinking,
177
00:08:31,978 --> 00:08:34,748
he rushes to
his assigned lifeboat.
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00:08:34,748 --> 00:08:36,578
The chef finds the craft packed
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00:08:36,583 --> 00:08:39,619
full of terrified passengers
and crew members,
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00:08:39,619 --> 00:08:42,088
with still more
waiting to board.
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00:08:42,088 --> 00:08:44,488
Luckily, a seat
has been saved for him.
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♪
183
00:08:47,160 --> 00:08:48,995
But just as he’s about
to climb in,
184
00:08:48,995 --> 00:08:51,255
he notices a young woman
and her child
185
00:08:51,264 --> 00:08:53,700
towards the back of the crowd.
186
00:08:53,700 --> 00:08:55,835
Sensing their impending doom,
187
00:08:55,835 --> 00:08:59,205
Joughin gives them his place
on the tiny vessel.
188
00:08:59,205 --> 00:09:02,205
That a person would go
into action like that,
189
00:09:02,208 --> 00:09:04,838
rather than just seeking
to save himself,
190
00:09:04,844 --> 00:09:05,979
that’s a hero.
191
00:09:05,979 --> 00:09:08,279
♪
192
00:09:08,281 --> 00:09:11,751
WILDMAN:
But it seems his selfless act
has sealed his fate.
193
00:09:11,751 --> 00:09:15,351
The remaining lifeboats
are all full.
194
00:09:15,355 --> 00:09:16,823
It’s only a matter of minutes
195
00:09:16,823 --> 00:09:21,193
before the ship is completely
submerged in 28‐degree water.
196
00:09:21,194 --> 00:09:24,597
He knew he was going to go
into these icy waters,
197
00:09:24,597 --> 00:09:28,697
and I think he was really ready
to meet his maker.
198
00:09:28,701 --> 00:09:30,470
♪
199
00:09:30,470 --> 00:09:33,540
WILDMAN: So, to steel himself
for the ordeal ahead,
200
00:09:33,540 --> 00:09:37,477
Joughin takes a few pulls
from a bottle of whiskey.
201
00:09:37,477 --> 00:09:40,246
Then he climbs to
the highest point of the stern,
202
00:09:40,246 --> 00:09:44,216
grabs ahold of the railing,
and braces for the worst.
203
00:09:44,217 --> 00:09:46,317
Just as the ship
goes underwater,
204
00:09:46,319 --> 00:09:50,689
he steps off into
the frigid North Atlantic.
205
00:09:50,690 --> 00:09:53,590
He’s the last person
to get off the Titanic,
206
00:09:53,593 --> 00:09:55,929
and he does it
with incredible grace.
207
00:09:55,929 --> 00:09:59,766
He kept his face and head dry,
probably had his baker’s hat on,
208
00:09:59,766 --> 00:10:02,226
you know, and he just
kept treading water.
209
00:10:02,235 --> 00:10:03,970
[ Bubbling ]
210
00:10:03,970 --> 00:10:07,907
WILDMAN: For more than 2 hours,
Joughin floats in the icy water.
211
00:10:07,907 --> 00:10:09,275
[ Ship horn blares ]
212
00:10:09,275 --> 00:10:15,045
Finally, the RMS Carpathia
arrives to rescue the survivors.
213
00:10:15,048 --> 00:10:18,718
Remarkably, among them
is Charles Joughin.
214
00:10:18,718 --> 00:10:20,548
♪
215
00:10:20,553 --> 00:10:22,655
After the baker
is pulled from the water,
216
00:10:22,655 --> 00:10:25,985
the ship’s doctors
assess his injuries.
217
00:10:25,992 --> 00:10:30,230
Strangely, Joughin only suffers
from swollen feet.
218
00:10:30,230 --> 00:10:32,465
The physicians are baffled.
219
00:10:32,465 --> 00:10:35,935
Almost everyone else who’d been
in the water froze to death
220
00:10:35,935 --> 00:10:37,995
in less than 30 minutes.
221
00:10:38,004 --> 00:10:40,573
It’s a miracle that anybody
222
00:10:40,573 --> 00:10:42,876
could get in water
that temperature
223
00:10:42,876 --> 00:10:46,176
and not have
immediately hypothermia.
224
00:10:46,179 --> 00:10:50,279
WILDMAN: So how did
the brave baker survive?
225
00:10:50,283 --> 00:10:51,718
Many think it was due
226
00:10:51,718 --> 00:10:55,418
to the precious extra minutes
he stayed out of the water.
227
00:10:55,421 --> 00:10:57,821
Others believe the alcohol
in his system
228
00:10:57,824 --> 00:11:00,126
may have warmed his blood.
229
00:11:00,126 --> 00:11:02,826
But some credit karma.
230
00:11:02,829 --> 00:11:04,359
PHINEAS:
I can’t help but think
231
00:11:04,364 --> 00:11:08,034
because he did so much
to help everybody,
232
00:11:08,034 --> 00:11:12,539
he survived with just a little
bit of chill to his feet.
233
00:11:12,539 --> 00:11:17,277
♪
234
00:11:17,277 --> 00:11:21,047
WILDMAN:
After the tragedy, Joughin
continues to bake on ships
235
00:11:21,047 --> 00:11:25,017
and goes on to serve aboard
World War II troop transports.
236
00:11:25,018 --> 00:11:30,518
He’s even portrayed in the 1997
blockbuster film "Titanic."
237
00:11:30,523 --> 00:11:34,060
It’s a fitting honor for one of
the ship’s unsung heroes.
238
00:11:34,060 --> 00:11:37,430
This man put everyone
ahead of himself.
239
00:11:37,430 --> 00:11:38,998
It’s an amazing story.
240
00:11:38,998 --> 00:11:42,068
♪
241
00:11:42,068 --> 00:11:44,998
WILDMAN: Today, a chef’s toque
recovered from the wreckage,
242
00:11:45,004 --> 00:11:47,473
like the one
worn by Charles Joughin,
243
00:11:47,473 --> 00:11:50,843
is on display at Titanic:
The Artifact Exhibition
244
00:11:50,843 --> 00:11:53,079
in Las Vegas, Nevada.
245
00:11:53,079 --> 00:11:57,617
It recalls the baker who served
up hope in the face of disaster.
246
00:11:57,617 --> 00:12:03,256
♪
247
00:12:03,256 --> 00:12:05,456
This enigmatic item was the key
248
00:12:05,458 --> 00:12:09,095
that unlocked a long‐lost secret
of the pharaohs.
249
00:12:09,095 --> 00:12:12,465
PORGES:
The answer to one of history’s
biggest mysteries
250
00:12:12,465 --> 00:12:14,595
might be even simpler
than you think.
251
00:12:14,601 --> 00:12:19,771
♪
252
00:12:19,772 --> 00:12:21,541
WILDMAN: Egypt.
253
00:12:21,541 --> 00:12:23,676
For centuries,
the pyramids have stood
254
00:12:23,676 --> 00:12:27,246
as perhaps the most famous
structures in the world.
255
00:12:27,247 --> 00:12:29,377
And looming over
the ancient wonders
256
00:12:29,382 --> 00:12:32,282
is the largest of them all ‐‐
257
00:12:32,285 --> 00:12:34,387
the Great Pyramid of Giza.
258
00:12:34,387 --> 00:12:36,687
♪
259
00:12:36,689 --> 00:12:40,559
The massive stone monument
was built around 2500 B. C.
260
00:12:40,560 --> 00:12:44,230
as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu.
261
00:12:44,230 --> 00:12:48,300
The pyramid has a footprint
the size of 10 football fields,
262
00:12:48,301 --> 00:12:52,905
and the tip towers
nearly 500 feet above the sand.
263
00:12:52,905 --> 00:12:57,535
It is made up of an estimated
2.3 million stone blocks,
264
00:12:57,543 --> 00:13:00,747
each weighing up to 15 tons.
265
00:13:00,747 --> 00:13:04,617
PORGES:
For more than 3,000 years,
the Great Pyramid held the title
266
00:13:04,617 --> 00:13:07,687
as the tallest man‐made
structure on the planet.
267
00:13:07,687 --> 00:13:11,957
♪
268
00:13:11,958 --> 00:13:13,726
WILDMAN:
The structure’s colossal size
269
00:13:13,726 --> 00:13:17,156
lies at the heart
of its most enduring mystery.
270
00:13:17,163 --> 00:13:19,766
How could something so big
have been built
271
00:13:19,766 --> 00:13:21,766
when the ancient Egyptians
had access
272
00:13:21,768 --> 00:13:24,268
to only the most
rudimentary technology?
273
00:13:24,270 --> 00:13:28,140
♪
274
00:13:28,141 --> 00:13:29,609
Many historians contend
275
00:13:29,609 --> 00:13:32,679
that the Egyptians
used a simple crane‐like device
276
00:13:32,679 --> 00:13:36,179
made of a weighted pole
balanced on a crossbeam
277
00:13:36,182 --> 00:13:38,818
called a shadoof.
278
00:13:38,818 --> 00:13:42,488
Others believe the blocks
were levered onto wooden slats
279
00:13:42,488 --> 00:13:46,125
and then hauled up
giant ramps of sand.
280
00:13:46,125 --> 00:13:51,125
And some have even suggested
a more out‐of‐this‐world idea ‐‐
281
00:13:51,130 --> 00:13:54,200
that the Egyptians
had help from aliens.
282
00:13:54,200 --> 00:13:56,000
PORGES: This theory might
seem outlandish,
283
00:13:56,002 --> 00:13:58,402
but almost everything
about this ancient monument
284
00:13:58,404 --> 00:14:00,306
just feels impossible.
285
00:14:00,306 --> 00:14:03,836
♪
286
00:14:03,843 --> 00:14:05,912
WILDMAN: But perhaps the most
intriguing theory
287
00:14:05,912 --> 00:14:08,612
comes from
the unlikeliest of places.
288
00:14:08,614 --> 00:14:10,616
♪
289
00:14:10,616 --> 00:14:13,916
It’s 1988 in rural Nebraska.
290
00:14:13,920 --> 00:14:15,650
Herman Ostry is a farmer
291
00:14:15,655 --> 00:14:18,524
who lives in the tiny community
of Bruno.
292
00:14:18,524 --> 00:14:21,027
PORGES: He was largely
a soy and corn farmer,
293
00:14:21,027 --> 00:14:22,857
and he kept some animals.
294
00:14:22,862 --> 00:14:26,232
♪
295
00:14:26,232 --> 00:14:30,470
WILDMAN:
But this small‐time homesteader
has a big problem.
296
00:14:30,470 --> 00:14:32,100
A road construction project
297
00:14:32,105 --> 00:14:35,308
has diverted a nearby creek
towards his farm,
298
00:14:35,308 --> 00:14:38,878
and it seems every month,
the waters overrun the banks
299
00:14:38,878 --> 00:14:42,478
and flood his barn
with devastating consequences.
300
00:14:42,482 --> 00:14:45,382
Ostry needed a dry barn
to keep feed,
301
00:14:45,385 --> 00:14:47,487
to keep animals,
and to store equipment.
302
00:14:47,487 --> 00:14:50,957
♪
303
00:14:50,957 --> 00:14:52,187
WILDMAN:
Ostry lacks the money
304
00:14:52,191 --> 00:14:55,191
to build a new barn
elsewhere on his property,
305
00:14:55,194 --> 00:14:57,497
and he can’t afford to pay
for the heavy equipment
306
00:14:57,497 --> 00:15:00,727
needed to move the structure
to drier ground.
307
00:15:00,733 --> 00:15:03,870
It seems his barn
is doomed to a soggy fate.
308
00:15:03,870 --> 00:15:06,870
♪
309
00:15:06,873 --> 00:15:09,208
But a solution is about
to present itself
310
00:15:09,208 --> 00:15:11,177
that will save Ostry’s farm
311
00:15:11,177 --> 00:15:14,907
and perhaps unravel one
of the world’s greatest riddles.
312
00:15:14,914 --> 00:15:16,849
PORGES:
Ostry was about to discover
313
00:15:16,849 --> 00:15:20,819
that he possessed the power
of the ancient pharaohs.
314
00:15:20,820 --> 00:15:23,220
♪
315
00:15:25,958 --> 00:15:27,727
♪
316
00:15:27,727 --> 00:15:30,457
WILDMAN: How did the Egyptians
build the pyramids?
317
00:15:30,463 --> 00:15:33,933
The answer may be found
in the unlikeliest of places ‐‐
318
00:15:33,933 --> 00:15:36,869
rural Nebraska.
319
00:15:36,869 --> 00:15:39,169
One night,
while farmer Herman Ostry
320
00:15:39,172 --> 00:15:40,772
is eating dinner
with his family,
321
00:15:40,773 --> 00:15:44,310
his son Mike makes a seemingly
ridiculous suggestion.
322
00:15:44,310 --> 00:15:46,746
PORGES: He suggested, "Well, if
we get enough people together,
323
00:15:46,746 --> 00:15:49,346
we can just pick up the barn
and move it."
324
00:15:49,348 --> 00:15:52,048
WILDMAN:
The joke gives Ostry an idea.
325
00:15:52,051 --> 00:15:54,787
The gears began to turn
in Ostry’s mind,
326
00:15:54,787 --> 00:15:57,417
and he thought maybe
there’s something there.
327
00:15:57,423 --> 00:16:00,660
♪
328
00:16:00,660 --> 00:16:04,360
WILDMAN:
The farmer and his son do some
back‐of‐the‐napkin calculations
329
00:16:04,363 --> 00:16:07,833
and realize their crazy plan
might just work.
330
00:16:07,834 --> 00:16:11,904
PORGES: He estimated the entire
structure weighed about 9 tons,
331
00:16:11,904 --> 00:16:14,841
and he figured that
if 344 people
332
00:16:14,841 --> 00:16:16,309
could help him lift his barn,
333
00:16:16,309 --> 00:16:19,345
each person would only have
to carry about 58 pounds,
334
00:16:19,345 --> 00:16:21,305
which is totally feasible.
335
00:16:21,314 --> 00:16:23,316
♪
336
00:16:23,316 --> 00:16:25,376
WILDMAN: To pull off the
tremendous task,
337
00:16:25,384 --> 00:16:28,754
Ostry creates a massive grid
of steel tubing.
338
00:16:28,754 --> 00:16:33,025
Sticking out from the sides
are 344 metal handles,
339
00:16:33,025 --> 00:16:34,755
one of which is on display
340
00:16:34,760 --> 00:16:36,996
at the Butler Country
Historical Museum
341
00:16:36,996 --> 00:16:40,196
in David City, Nebraska.
342
00:16:40,199 --> 00:16:42,129
He then bolts
the entire contraption
343
00:16:42,134 --> 00:16:45,071
to the barn’s vertical beams.
344
00:16:45,071 --> 00:16:46,939
With the giant tool complete,
345
00:16:46,939 --> 00:16:49,108
the farmer recruits
the necessary labor
346
00:16:49,108 --> 00:16:51,208
from his high school
alumni association.
347
00:16:53,179 --> 00:16:54,509
On July 30th,
348
00:16:54,514 --> 00:16:57,383
more than a thousand people
show up at Ostry’s Farm
349
00:16:57,383 --> 00:17:00,553
to catch a glimpse
of the novel spectacle.
350
00:17:00,553 --> 00:17:03,556
More than 340 volunteers
take their places
351
00:17:03,556 --> 00:17:06,526
around the 16,000‐pound
structure.
352
00:17:06,526 --> 00:17:08,026
PORGES: Everybody was hoping
for the best,
353
00:17:08,027 --> 00:17:12,197
but nobody had any idea if this
kind of crazy plan would work.
354
00:17:12,198 --> 00:17:15,268
WILDMAN: Finally, Ostry
gives the order to lift.
355
00:17:15,268 --> 00:17:18,098
♪
356
00:17:18,104 --> 00:17:20,640
As the old barn is raised
into the air,
357
00:17:20,640 --> 00:17:23,376
it creaks and groans
under the strain.
358
00:17:23,376 --> 00:17:25,776
Then slowly but surely,
359
00:17:25,778 --> 00:17:28,578
the team makes its way
across the property.
360
00:17:28,581 --> 00:17:33,119
PORGES:
The crowd lifted up the barn
and moved it a couple feet,
361
00:17:33,119 --> 00:17:35,219
and they put it down,
and they lifted up again
362
00:17:35,221 --> 00:17:37,121
and moved it a couple more feet
363
00:17:37,123 --> 00:17:40,192
until they got it
where they needed to go.
364
00:17:40,192 --> 00:17:42,662
WILDMAN: After a journey
of more than 100 feet,
365
00:17:42,662 --> 00:17:46,132
the crowd places the structure
down on a new foundation
366
00:17:46,132 --> 00:17:47,800
safely away
from the flooding creek.
367
00:17:47,800 --> 00:17:52,070
♪
368
00:17:52,071 --> 00:17:54,571
Ostry’s barn goes down
in the record books
369
00:17:54,574 --> 00:17:57,276
as the largest man‐made
structure ever moved
370
00:17:57,276 --> 00:18:00,506
by human strength alone.
371
00:18:00,513 --> 00:18:04,817
But one group disagrees ‐‐
Egyptologists.
372
00:18:04,817 --> 00:18:07,447
Some historians
and archeologists suggest
373
00:18:07,453 --> 00:18:10,489
that ancient Egyptians
used thousands of men
374
00:18:10,489 --> 00:18:14,389
working in unison to lift the
giant stone blocks into place
375
00:18:14,393 --> 00:18:17,330
and build the pyramids of Giza,
376
00:18:17,330 --> 00:18:20,930
just like the team of volunteers
did thousands of years later
377
00:18:20,933 --> 00:18:22,268
in Nebraska.
378
00:18:22,268 --> 00:18:25,037
This was an amazing
and practical demonstration
379
00:18:25,037 --> 00:18:28,067
of what people working
together can accomplish.
380
00:18:28,074 --> 00:18:31,844
♪
381
00:18:31,844 --> 00:18:35,848
WILDMAN:
Simple pipes, just like these,
played a crucial role
382
00:18:35,848 --> 00:18:39,748
in solving a mysterious
and deadly disaster.
383
00:18:39,752 --> 00:18:44,390
WILLIAMS:
This is a story of mass carnage,
scientific investigation,
384
00:18:44,390 --> 00:18:46,290
and the hunt
for a silent killer.
385
00:18:46,292 --> 00:18:50,229
♪
386
00:18:50,229 --> 00:18:51,759
WILDMAN:
For hundreds of years,
387
00:18:51,764 --> 00:18:54,400
the West African nation
of Cameroon
388
00:18:54,400 --> 00:18:58,100
has been home
to a sinister legend.
389
00:18:58,104 --> 00:18:59,505
As the story goes,
390
00:18:59,505 --> 00:19:02,765
Lake Nyos, in the mountainous
northwest of the country,
391
00:19:02,775 --> 00:19:06,345
is possessed
by a powerful force.
392
00:19:06,345 --> 00:19:09,075
Folklore and legend spoke
of an evil spirit
393
00:19:09,081 --> 00:19:10,249
who had in the past
394
00:19:10,249 --> 00:19:14,219
invoked carnage
on the lakeside community,
395
00:19:14,220 --> 00:19:20,960
WILDMAN:
And in 1986, the ominous curse
seems to become a reality.
396
00:19:20,960 --> 00:19:24,130
On August 21st,
residents of a nearby village
397
00:19:24,130 --> 00:19:27,066
hear a deafening blast
from Lake Nyos.
398
00:19:27,066 --> 00:19:30,096
[ Boom ]
399
00:19:30,102 --> 00:19:32,071
There was
a mysterious explosion
400
00:19:32,071 --> 00:19:34,740
and also the smell of sulfur
in the air.
401
00:19:34,740 --> 00:19:36,776
♪
402
00:19:36,776 --> 00:19:41,876
WILDMAN:
Nervous residents see a cloud
rise up from the lake.
403
00:19:41,881 --> 00:19:44,681
Then, to their terror,
as the vapor expands...
404
00:19:44,684 --> 00:19:45,751
[ Bird cawing ]
405
00:19:45,751 --> 00:19:47,921
...birds start
to drop from the sky.
406
00:19:49,055 --> 00:19:53,259
Moments later, livestock
fall dead in the fields.
407
00:19:53,259 --> 00:19:56,059
It was a scene
of almost biblical proportion.
408
00:19:56,062 --> 00:19:58,397
♪
409
00:19:58,397 --> 00:20:00,766
WILDMAN: Soon, the villagers
themselves are enveloped
410
00:20:00,766 --> 00:20:03,536
by the forbidding haze
and struggle to breathe.
411
00:20:03,536 --> 00:20:05,066
[ Man breathing heavily ]
412
00:20:05,071 --> 00:20:08,071
[ People screaming ]
413
00:20:08,074 --> 00:20:10,710
Then, as quickly as it started,
414
00:20:10,710 --> 00:20:13,145
the mist dissipates.
415
00:20:13,145 --> 00:20:15,905
It’s left a scene of
unparalleled devastation
416
00:20:15,915 --> 00:20:16,916
in its wake.
417
00:20:16,916 --> 00:20:19,646
♪
418
00:20:19,652 --> 00:20:22,955
Almost 2,000 people
have perished.
419
00:20:22,955 --> 00:20:26,425
It felt like a scene
out of a horror movie.
420
00:20:26,425 --> 00:20:29,455
WILDMAN: As the villagers try
to make sense of the tragedy,
421
00:20:29,462 --> 00:20:33,632
they noticed that the stunning
blue waters of Lake Nyos
422
00:20:33,632 --> 00:20:37,236
have turned
an eerie orange color.
423
00:20:37,236 --> 00:20:41,506
It seems the centuries‐old
legend has finally come true.
424
00:20:41,507 --> 00:20:43,976
At a loss
to explain the carnage,
425
00:20:43,976 --> 00:20:47,476
the locals blame an evil spirit.
426
00:20:47,480 --> 00:20:52,150
WILDMAN:
So what terrible secret lies at
the heart of this deadly lake?
427
00:20:54,887 --> 00:20:56,817
♪
428
00:20:56,822 --> 00:21:01,127
WILDMAN: It’s 1986 in
the African nation of Cameroon.
429
00:21:01,127 --> 00:21:04,427
On the shores of Lake Nyos,
a tragedy is unfolding.
430
00:21:04,430 --> 00:21:05,998
[ Boom ]
431
00:21:05,998 --> 00:21:08,367
A mysterious cloud
has taken the lives
432
00:21:08,367 --> 00:21:11,797
of more than 1,000 people.
433
00:21:11,804 --> 00:21:14,807
Desperate to solve
the mystery of the deadly lake,
434
00:21:14,807 --> 00:21:17,137
the Cameroonian government
calls in a team
435
00:21:17,143 --> 00:21:19,783
of international experts
to investigate.
436
00:21:21,747 --> 00:21:25,917
The scientists start by testing
the lake’s water,
437
00:21:25,918 --> 00:21:28,318
and the results point
to a likely cause
438
00:21:28,320 --> 00:21:30,620
for the pestilent cloud.
439
00:21:30,623 --> 00:21:34,960
The lake contains
an unusually high concentration
440
00:21:34,960 --> 00:21:37,329
of carbon dioxide.
441
00:21:37,329 --> 00:21:40,029
This clearly was not normal.
442
00:21:41,667 --> 00:21:44,297
WILDMAN: It appears the elevated
level of gas
443
00:21:44,303 --> 00:21:48,173
is related to a geological quirk
of Lake Nyos.
444
00:21:48,174 --> 00:21:51,343
The body of water is
what is known as a crater lake,
445
00:21:51,343 --> 00:21:54,213
as it sits atop
a bed of volcanic rock
446
00:21:54,213 --> 00:21:57,817
studded with vents
that lead deep underground.
447
00:21:57,817 --> 00:22:01,717
These vents release
carbon dioxide into the water.
448
00:22:01,720 --> 00:22:05,520
Normally, the CO2 would then
rise to the surface of a lake
449
00:22:05,524 --> 00:22:07,793
and be released into the air
slowly
450
00:22:07,793 --> 00:22:11,497
through a process
known as lake turnover.
451
00:22:11,497 --> 00:22:14,597
But Lake Nyos
is an unusually still lake
452
00:22:14,600 --> 00:22:17,100
with little lake turnover.
453
00:22:17,102 --> 00:22:22,672
Over time, it became saturated
with dangerous levels of CO2.
454
00:22:22,675 --> 00:22:24,944
This was an important
scientific discovery.
455
00:22:24,944 --> 00:22:28,180
♪
456
00:22:28,180 --> 00:22:31,116
WILDMAN: The experts conclude
that on the day of the tragedy,
457
00:22:31,116 --> 00:22:34,216
a rockslide on
one of the lake’s banks
458
00:22:34,220 --> 00:22:36,520
[ Boom ]
churned up the water,
459
00:22:36,522 --> 00:22:38,622
causing a large amount
of the gas
460
00:22:38,624 --> 00:22:41,060
to be released at once.
461
00:22:41,060 --> 00:22:45,230
That sudden surge of CO2
formed a dense cloud
462
00:22:45,231 --> 00:22:49,268
that then suffocated
everything in its path.
463
00:22:49,268 --> 00:22:51,698
WILLIAMS: At the time,
it was a new phenomenon
464
00:22:51,704 --> 00:22:55,474
that scientists had not really
seen in the natural world.
465
00:22:55,474 --> 00:22:58,177
♪
466
00:22:58,177 --> 00:23:01,707
WILDMAN:
To ensure a similar disaster
doesn’t happen again,
467
00:23:01,714 --> 00:23:04,516
scientists propose a simple fix.
468
00:23:04,516 --> 00:23:10,155
In 2001, a team installs
a system of PVC pipes
469
00:23:10,155 --> 00:23:13,255
to siphon the deadly CO2
from the bottom of the lake
470
00:23:13,259 --> 00:23:17,396
and safely and gradually release
it into the air.
471
00:23:17,396 --> 00:23:21,866
It’s a process called degassing.
472
00:23:21,867 --> 00:23:24,336
WILLIAMS: It now gave scientists
an important tool
473
00:23:24,336 --> 00:23:28,336
to prevent other such tragedies
from across the world.
474
00:23:28,340 --> 00:23:30,009
WILDMAN: As a result
of their efforts,
475
00:23:30,009 --> 00:23:33,009
there hasn’t been
a deadly incident since.
476
00:23:33,012 --> 00:23:35,012
The livestock
and the vegetation
477
00:23:35,014 --> 00:23:37,917
and the waters of Lake Nyos
returned to normal,
478
00:23:37,917 --> 00:23:42,087
and the community is back to
its beautiful, serene state.
479
00:23:42,087 --> 00:23:45,257
♪
480
00:23:45,257 --> 00:23:49,087
WILDMAN: Today, these pieces of
PVC piping are on display
481
00:23:49,094 --> 00:23:52,498
at the Plumbing Museum
in Watertown, Massachusetts.
482
00:23:52,498 --> 00:23:55,498
They’re a reminder
of an explosive disaster
483
00:23:55,501 --> 00:23:58,001
and an immersively
inventive solution.
484
00:23:58,003 --> 00:24:01,573
♪
485
00:24:01,573 --> 00:24:04,810
This item recalls a doomed
mission to space
486
00:24:04,810 --> 00:24:08,547
and a chilling
Cold War conspiracy.
487
00:24:08,547 --> 00:24:11,547
This is a story of a race
to the stars ‐‐
488
00:24:11,550 --> 00:24:14,887
one of manned space flights’
most enduring mysteries.
489
00:24:14,887 --> 00:24:17,656
♪
490
00:24:17,656 --> 00:24:21,086
WILDMAN:
October 4, 1957.
491
00:24:21,093 --> 00:24:22,761
The Soviet Union
has just put
492
00:24:22,761 --> 00:24:26,398
the world’s first
man‐made satellite into orbit ‐‐
493
00:24:26,398 --> 00:24:28,267
Sputnik.
494
00:24:28,267 --> 00:24:30,436
The achievement
sends shock waves
495
00:24:30,436 --> 00:24:33,605
through the United States
and the world.
496
00:24:33,605 --> 00:24:37,035
Now the two superpowers
are locked in a heated race
497
00:24:37,042 --> 00:24:41,380
to see who can be the first
to send a man into space.
498
00:24:41,380 --> 00:24:44,316
COSTELLO: When the Soviets
put Sputnik up into orbit,
499
00:24:44,316 --> 00:24:47,616
it was a huge event.
500
00:24:47,619 --> 00:24:49,019
But the ultimate challenge
501
00:24:49,021 --> 00:24:51,821
was putting a man up into orbit
and having him survive.
502
00:24:51,824 --> 00:24:54,860
♪
503
00:24:54,860 --> 00:24:56,328
WILDMAN:
And across the globe,
504
00:24:56,328 --> 00:25:00,298
people are fascinated by
the intensifying space race ‐‐
505
00:25:00,299 --> 00:25:06,099
perhaps none more so than
2 amateur astronomers in Italy,
506
00:25:06,105 --> 00:25:10,609
brothers Achille and Giovanni
Judica‐Cordiglia.
507
00:25:10,609 --> 00:25:12,578
Using scavenged parts,
508
00:25:12,578 --> 00:25:15,147
Achille and Giovanni
build a radio receiver
509
00:25:15,147 --> 00:25:16,647
capable of listening in
510
00:25:16,648 --> 00:25:19,248
on American and Soviet
satellite transmissions.
511
00:25:19,251 --> 00:25:20,486
[ Radio tuning ]
512
00:25:20,486 --> 00:25:22,286
COSTELLO: Anytime anything
was launched into orbit,
513
00:25:22,287 --> 00:25:25,987
they would get a glimpse
of what was happening above.
514
00:25:25,991 --> 00:25:29,191
WILDMAN:
For months, the brothers
intercepted radio signals
515
00:25:29,194 --> 00:25:31,196
from orbiting satellites.
[ Radio tuning ]
516
00:25:31,196 --> 00:25:33,966
They’re even able to listen in
on the sounds of monkeys
517
00:25:33,966 --> 00:25:35,866
launched into orbit
on test flights.
518
00:25:35,868 --> 00:25:39,198
♪
519
00:25:39,204 --> 00:25:41,273
But in May 1960,
520
00:25:41,273 --> 00:25:44,877
Achille and Giovanni pick up
an unexpected transmission.
521
00:25:44,877 --> 00:25:46,945
[ Static, indistinct speaking
in Russian ]
522
00:25:46,945 --> 00:25:51,615
They hear a heartbeat
and a voice speaking in Russian.
523
00:25:51,617 --> 00:25:54,686
♪
524
00:25:54,686 --> 00:25:57,356
The brothers think it’s the
sound of a cosmonaut
525
00:25:57,356 --> 00:26:01,356
speaking with Soviet
mission control.
526
00:26:01,360 --> 00:26:04,460
But there’s one problem ‐‐
527
00:26:04,463 --> 00:26:06,231
the Soviets
have not announced
528
00:26:06,231 --> 00:26:10,169
that they’ve launched
someone into space.
529
00:26:10,169 --> 00:26:12,237
COSTELLO: Anytime an astronaut
or a cosmonaut
530
00:26:12,237 --> 00:26:13,837
reaches
a certain milestone,
531
00:26:13,839 --> 00:26:17,509
it’s seen as a huge achievement
that gets a lot of coverage.
532
00:26:17,509 --> 00:26:22,047
So, why is this not something
the Soviets are talking about?
533
00:26:22,047 --> 00:26:24,817
WILDMAN: As the brothers try to
make sense of the transmission,
534
00:26:24,817 --> 00:26:27,686
they hear something
even more disturbing.
535
00:26:27,686 --> 00:26:29,716
♪
536
00:26:29,721 --> 00:26:33,121
The sounds suggest the
cosmonaut is gasping for breath.
537
00:26:33,125 --> 00:26:35,461
[ Panting ]
538
00:26:35,461 --> 00:26:38,561
As they listen, the gasping
gets faster and faster,
539
00:26:38,564 --> 00:26:43,068
and then the heartbeat
suddenly stops.
540
00:26:43,068 --> 00:26:45,468
The siblings come to
the shocking conclusion
541
00:26:45,471 --> 00:26:49,371
that whomever they’ve heard
has died.
542
00:26:49,374 --> 00:26:52,744
COSTELLO:
You can imagine the feeling
of hearing this recording
543
00:26:52,744 --> 00:26:55,114
and you get the last moments
of life
544
00:26:55,114 --> 00:26:57,282
carried across the airwaves.
545
00:26:57,282 --> 00:27:01,920
♪
546
00:27:01,920 --> 00:27:04,456
WILDMAN:
In February 1961,
547
00:27:04,456 --> 00:27:07,556
the brothers take their findings
to Italian newspapers,
548
00:27:07,559 --> 00:27:11,829
and the story hits the press
with spectacular results.
549
00:27:11,830 --> 00:27:14,199
COSTELLO: It sets off a wave
of speculation
550
00:27:14,199 --> 00:27:16,468
among both journalists
and experts.
551
00:27:16,468 --> 00:27:20,105
♪
552
00:27:20,105 --> 00:27:23,875
WILDMAN:
The Soviets, for their part,
deny the brothers’ claims.
553
00:27:23,876 --> 00:27:27,406
And experts suggest that
what Achille and Giovanni heard
554
00:27:27,412 --> 00:27:30,082
wasn’t a dying cosmonaut,
555
00:27:30,082 --> 00:27:33,952
but one of the many animals
that had been sent into orbit.
556
00:27:33,952 --> 00:27:36,688
But the brothers are steadfast
in their belief
557
00:27:36,688 --> 00:27:40,626
that they heard
a cosmonaut speaking Russian.
558
00:27:40,626 --> 00:27:43,395
This must have been incredibly
frustrating for the brothers.
559
00:27:43,395 --> 00:27:45,355
♪
560
00:27:45,364 --> 00:27:50,269
WILDMAN:
Then, almost a year later,
on April 12, 1961,
561
00:27:50,269 --> 00:27:53,299
the Soviet Union announces
that they’ve successfully sent
562
00:27:53,305 --> 00:27:57,676
the first man into space ‐‐
cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.
563
00:27:57,676 --> 00:28:01,206
Gagarin’s flight was a
tremendous feat for the Soviets.
564
00:28:01,213 --> 00:28:03,013
♪
565
00:28:03,015 --> 00:28:06,618
WILDMAN:
Despite this, the brothers
stand by their story
566
00:28:06,618 --> 00:28:10,756
that another cosmonaut
may have made it there first.
567
00:28:10,756 --> 00:28:11,986
So what’s the truth
568
00:28:11,990 --> 00:28:14,626
behind these mysterious
Russian transmissions?
569
00:28:14,626 --> 00:28:16,426
♪
570
00:28:19,164 --> 00:28:21,066
♪
571
00:28:21,066 --> 00:28:24,796
WILDMAN: In 1960,
two amateur radio hams in Italy
572
00:28:24,803 --> 00:28:27,206
make an extraordinary claim ‐‐
573
00:28:27,206 --> 00:28:30,106
that they detected secret
radio transmissions
574
00:28:30,108 --> 00:28:32,277
from a manned Soviet spaceship
575
00:28:32,277 --> 00:28:35,477
a full year
before cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin
576
00:28:35,480 --> 00:28:39,280
became the first man in space.
577
00:28:39,284 --> 00:28:42,754
More than two decades later,
in 1986,
578
00:28:42,754 --> 00:28:45,891
the long‐secret files
of the Soviet space program
579
00:28:45,891 --> 00:28:48,260
are declassified.
580
00:28:48,260 --> 00:28:51,096
And they reveal
evidence of a shocking cover‐up.
581
00:28:51,096 --> 00:28:53,665
♪
582
00:28:53,665 --> 00:28:55,565
In early 1960,
583
00:28:55,567 --> 00:28:58,537
a Russian cosmonaut
named Valentin Bondarenko
584
00:28:58,537 --> 00:29:01,707
was participating in a series
of space flight simulations
585
00:29:01,707 --> 00:29:04,376
at a rocket facility
just outside Moscow
586
00:29:04,376 --> 00:29:07,176
when tragedy struck.
587
00:29:07,179 --> 00:29:10,279
The oxygen tanks that
supplied Bondarenko’s capsule
588
00:29:10,282 --> 00:29:11,717
caught fire,
589
00:29:11,717 --> 00:29:15,647
and the unfortunate cosmonaut
was killed in the ensuing blaze.
590
00:29:15,654 --> 00:29:19,992
Then the Russian space agency
covered up the accident.
591
00:29:19,992 --> 00:29:23,161
After Bondarenko’s death,
he was subsequently erased
592
00:29:23,161 --> 00:29:26,999
from any lists or photographs
of the cosmonauts training.
593
00:29:26,999 --> 00:29:31,536
♪
594
00:29:31,536 --> 00:29:34,706
WILDMAN:
In light of this revelation,
many now believe
595
00:29:34,706 --> 00:29:37,776
that what Achille and Giovanni
actually heard
596
00:29:37,776 --> 00:29:40,276
wasn’t the first man in space,
597
00:29:40,279 --> 00:29:45,579
but the final moments of an
unfortunate Russian cosmonaut.
598
00:29:45,584 --> 00:29:47,819
Bondarenko’s death was
conclusive evidence
599
00:29:47,819 --> 00:29:50,656
of a lost cosmonaut.
600
00:29:50,656 --> 00:29:53,086
The brothers’ claims
seem to be true.
601
00:29:53,091 --> 00:29:56,561
♪
602
00:29:56,561 --> 00:30:00,031
WILDMAN: Today, this glove used
in the Russian space program
603
00:30:00,032 --> 00:30:04,602
is on display at the Cosmosphere
in Hutchinson, Kansas.
604
00:30:04,603 --> 00:30:06,805
It’s a testament
to a forgotten soul
605
00:30:06,805 --> 00:30:10,635
who risked it all for
mankind’s quest to the stars.
606
00:30:10,642 --> 00:30:14,012
♪
607
00:30:14,012 --> 00:30:17,049
This ornate artifact
played a starring role
608
00:30:17,049 --> 00:30:19,217
in a centuries‐long
treasure hunt,
609
00:30:19,217 --> 00:30:22,547
one that was linked to a
sinister and supernatural force.
610
00:30:22,554 --> 00:30:28,860
This is a story about explorers,
a lost city, and a deadly curse.
611
00:30:28,860 --> 00:30:33,865
♪
612
00:30:33,865 --> 00:30:36,695
WILDMAN:
It’s 1939 in New York.
613
00:30:36,702 --> 00:30:38,570
29‐year‐old Theodore Morde
614
00:30:38,570 --> 00:30:41,770
is an American reporter
with a thirst for excitement.
615
00:30:41,773 --> 00:30:43,842
His coverage
of the Spanish Civil War
616
00:30:43,842 --> 00:30:45,342
for the Associated Press
617
00:30:45,344 --> 00:30:48,780
has made him one of the most
read journalists of the day.
618
00:30:48,780 --> 00:30:51,380
BIANCO: When Morde reported
on the Spanish Civil War,
619
00:30:51,383 --> 00:30:52,517
he put himself in danger
620
00:30:52,517 --> 00:30:54,417
covering both sides
of the conflict.
621
00:30:54,419 --> 00:30:57,756
♪
622
00:30:57,756 --> 00:31:00,016
WILDMAN: One day,
Morde makes an announcement
623
00:31:00,025 --> 00:31:03,695
that terrifies and excites
his readers in equal measure.
624
00:31:03,695 --> 00:31:04,925
He says he has teamed up
625
00:31:04,930 --> 00:31:07,065
with the
Museum of the American Indian
626
00:31:07,065 --> 00:31:11,435
to lead an expedition deep
into the rainforest of Honduras.
627
00:31:11,436 --> 00:31:14,136
There, he will search
for the long‐lost remains
628
00:31:14,139 --> 00:31:15,839
of an ancient civilization.
629
00:31:15,841 --> 00:31:18,410
♪
630
00:31:18,410 --> 00:31:22,710
It’s known only as
the City of the Monkey God.
631
00:31:22,714 --> 00:31:25,384
BIANCO: Even hearing the name
of it makes you think
632
00:31:25,384 --> 00:31:28,754
the city’s got secrets
that you want to figure out.
633
00:31:28,754 --> 00:31:31,323
WILDMAN:
The City of the Monkey God
was first mentioned
634
00:31:31,323 --> 00:31:33,023
in the 16th century writings
635
00:31:33,024 --> 00:31:36,161
of Spanish explorer
Hernán Cortés.
636
00:31:36,161 --> 00:31:39,898
The conquistador describes tales
of a ruined city
637
00:31:39,898 --> 00:31:42,528
brimming with untouched riches.
638
00:31:42,534 --> 00:31:45,003
BIANCO: Hernán Cortés had heard
about the lost city
639
00:31:45,003 --> 00:31:46,403
from native Hondurans.
640
00:31:46,405 --> 00:31:48,807
He thought it might be
a city full of gold.
641
00:31:48,807 --> 00:31:51,737
♪
642
00:31:51,743 --> 00:31:53,078
WILDMAN:
But the promise of wealth
643
00:31:53,078 --> 00:31:56,748
allegedly comes
with an ominous warning.
644
00:31:56,748 --> 00:31:59,548
The city is said to be cursed.
[ Thunder crashes ]
645
00:31:59,551 --> 00:32:03,088
All who seek it are doomed
to an untimely death.
646
00:32:03,088 --> 00:32:04,388
♪
647
00:32:04,389 --> 00:32:05,889
Over the centuries,
648
00:32:05,891 --> 00:32:09,091
numerous fortune seekers search
for the City of the Monkey God
649
00:32:09,094 --> 00:32:11,897
to claim its riches
for themselves.
650
00:32:11,897 --> 00:32:16,327
And just as the curse predicts,
they all meet a grisly fate.
651
00:32:16,334 --> 00:32:20,505
BIANCO:
A lot of explorers came back
with a mysterious illness.
652
00:32:20,505 --> 00:32:23,335
They were getting sores
all over their face.
653
00:32:23,341 --> 00:32:26,811
It was scary and untreatable
with the medicine of the time.
654
00:32:26,812 --> 00:32:30,415
♪
655
00:32:30,415 --> 00:32:32,745
WILDMAN: But Morde believes
he can succeed
656
00:32:32,751 --> 00:32:34,951
where Cortés and others failed,
657
00:32:34,953 --> 00:32:38,290
and he’s not afraid
of any curse.
658
00:32:38,290 --> 00:32:41,159
So, in 1940,
Morde travels to Honduras
659
00:32:41,159 --> 00:32:43,428
and heads off
into the rainforest.
660
00:32:43,428 --> 00:32:46,628
5 months later,
he returns to the United States
661
00:32:46,631 --> 00:32:48,631
and makes a staggering claim.
662
00:32:48,633 --> 00:32:53,972
Theodore Morde said he had found
the Lost City of the Monkey God.
663
00:32:53,972 --> 00:32:56,908
WILDMAN: As proof, he shows off
hundreds of artifacts
664
00:32:56,908 --> 00:32:58,438
he claims to have discovered
665
00:32:58,443 --> 00:33:01,246
in the ruins
of the ancient metropolis,
666
00:33:01,246 --> 00:33:04,416
including tools,
sculptured idols,
667
00:33:04,416 --> 00:33:07,446
and even this intricate
ceramic drinking vessel
668
00:33:07,452 --> 00:33:08,787
now on display
669
00:33:08,787 --> 00:33:10,917
at the National Museum
of the American Indian
670
00:33:10,922 --> 00:33:14,059
in Washington, D. C.
671
00:33:14,059 --> 00:33:15,789
But Morde remains tight‐lipped
672
00:33:15,794 --> 00:33:18,396
about the location
of the ancient metropolis.
673
00:33:18,396 --> 00:33:20,126
BIANCO: He didn’t want
to reveal the location
674
00:33:20,131 --> 00:33:22,267
because people would go
and loot it.
675
00:33:22,267 --> 00:33:24,467
So he planned to go back
to the city,
676
00:33:24,469 --> 00:33:28,269
do a more thorough excavation,
and then reveal where it was.
677
00:33:28,273 --> 00:33:31,343
♪
678
00:33:31,343 --> 00:33:34,579
WILDMAN: But before he
can return to the lost city,
679
00:33:34,579 --> 00:33:37,449
Theodore Morde commits suicide.
680
00:33:37,449 --> 00:33:40,149
It’s an act that leads many
to conclude
681
00:33:40,151 --> 00:33:44,089
that he, too, has fallen victim
to the very curse he doubted.
682
00:33:44,089 --> 00:33:46,658
People were kind of scared.
683
00:33:46,658 --> 00:33:49,728
It seemed like the curse
had gotten him.
684
00:33:49,728 --> 00:33:52,228
WILDMAN: It seems Morde
has taken the location
685
00:33:52,230 --> 00:33:55,567
of the City of the Monkey God
with him to the grave.
686
00:33:55,567 --> 00:33:57,435
♪
687
00:33:57,435 --> 00:33:59,095
And as decades pass,
688
00:33:59,104 --> 00:34:02,674
interest in
this lost locale fades.
689
00:34:02,674 --> 00:34:06,878
But then, in 2012,
everything changes.
690
00:34:06,878 --> 00:34:08,947
An explorer named
Douglas Preston
691
00:34:08,947 --> 00:34:11,247
and a group of archeologists
692
00:34:11,249 --> 00:34:15,119
are in the Honduran rainforest
when they find a stone altar
693
00:34:15,120 --> 00:34:20,220
and dozens of statues of snakes,
shamans, and monkeys.
694
00:34:20,225 --> 00:34:23,061
But the discoveries
don’t stop there.
695
00:34:23,061 --> 00:34:25,997
Preston and his team go on
to uncover the remnants
696
00:34:25,997 --> 00:34:29,597
of a full‐sized metropolis.
697
00:34:29,601 --> 00:34:33,438
It’s the City of the Monkey God.
698
00:34:33,438 --> 00:34:35,206
BIANCO:
Preston was elated.
699
00:34:35,206 --> 00:34:37,936
It was basically the equivalent
of finding King Tut’s tomb.
700
00:34:37,943 --> 00:34:41,846
WILDMAN: But the revelation
carries a heavy price.
701
00:34:41,846 --> 00:34:44,046
Within days of finding the city,
702
00:34:44,049 --> 00:34:47,519
the explorers come down
with a debilitating sickness.
703
00:34:47,519 --> 00:34:50,388
BIANCO:
First, the team just noticed
they had some kind of weird,
704
00:34:50,388 --> 00:34:53,018
slightly painful spots
on their faces.
705
00:34:53,024 --> 00:34:56,561
But then those got worse
and worse until they developed
706
00:34:56,561 --> 00:35:02,968
into full‐fledged sores
that bled and hurt.
707
00:35:02,968 --> 00:35:05,698
WILDMAN: Unable to explain
their strange symptoms,
708
00:35:05,704 --> 00:35:10,508
members of the expedition
face a terrifying possibility.
709
00:35:10,508 --> 00:35:11,708
It could be the curse.
710
00:35:11,710 --> 00:35:13,810
♪
711
00:35:16,548 --> 00:35:18,348
♪
712
00:35:18,350 --> 00:35:21,686
WILDMAN: It’s 2012 in
the jungles of Honduras.
713
00:35:21,686 --> 00:35:25,286
Explorer Douglas Preston
and a group of archeologists
714
00:35:25,290 --> 00:35:26,520
have just uncovered
715
00:35:26,524 --> 00:35:29,794
the legendary
Lost City of the Monkey God.
716
00:35:29,794 --> 00:35:32,864
Within days of their discovery,
they fall sick
717
00:35:32,864 --> 00:35:36,034
and fear they have become prey
to a deadly curse
718
00:35:36,034 --> 00:35:38,770
that purportedly protects
these ancient ruins.
719
00:35:38,770 --> 00:35:40,805
[ Thunder crashes ]
720
00:35:40,805 --> 00:35:42,035
[ Siren wails ]
721
00:35:42,040 --> 00:35:44,576
Preston and his colleagues
return to the U. S.
722
00:35:44,576 --> 00:35:47,706
and are rushed to the National
Institute of Health Laboratory
723
00:35:47,712 --> 00:35:49,412
in Bethesda, Maryland.
724
00:35:49,414 --> 00:35:52,484
There, physicians rule out
the supernatural.
725
00:35:52,484 --> 00:35:57,322
The doctors told Preston
that he wasn’t cursed.
726
00:35:57,322 --> 00:36:01,860
WILDMAN: But the reality
isn’t exactly comforting.
727
00:36:01,860 --> 00:36:05,160
The sores are caused by
a flesh‐eating parasite.
728
00:36:05,163 --> 00:36:07,899
The disease,
called leishmaniasis,
729
00:36:07,899 --> 00:36:10,168
is transmitted
by a biting insect
730
00:36:10,168 --> 00:36:12,968
native to
the Honduran rainforest ‐‐
731
00:36:12,971 --> 00:36:15,440
the sandfly.
732
00:36:15,440 --> 00:36:18,840
BIANCO:
Those sandflies had actually
been what was causing symptoms
733
00:36:18,843 --> 00:36:21,513
that people had experienced
for hundreds of years.
734
00:36:21,513 --> 00:36:24,449
♪
735
00:36:24,449 --> 00:36:28,619
WILDMAN:
The team is treated successfully
and returns to full health.
736
00:36:28,620 --> 00:36:30,520
News of Douglas Preston’s
discovery
737
00:36:30,522 --> 00:36:32,322
makes headlines
around the world.
738
00:36:32,323 --> 00:36:33,925
BIANCO:
This is an amazing story.
739
00:36:33,925 --> 00:36:36,025
It’s crazy that
there’s still some spots
740
00:36:36,027 --> 00:36:38,127
that we just
don’t know that much about.
741
00:36:38,129 --> 00:36:42,067
♪
742
00:36:42,067 --> 00:36:44,167
WILDMAN: Today, this ceramic
drinking vessel,
743
00:36:44,169 --> 00:36:47,238
discovered by Theodore Morde
in 1940,
744
00:36:47,238 --> 00:36:48,438
is on display
745
00:36:48,440 --> 00:36:50,440
at the National Museum
of the American Indian
746
00:36:50,442 --> 00:36:52,642
in Washington, D. C.
747
00:36:52,644 --> 00:36:54,713
It recalls a lost city
748
00:36:54,713 --> 00:36:57,515
and the truth
behind its legendary curse.
749
00:36:57,515 --> 00:37:00,275
♪
750
00:37:00,285 --> 00:37:01,486
This bottle is linked
751
00:37:01,486 --> 00:37:05,616
to a ruthless quest
for world supremacy.
752
00:37:05,623 --> 00:37:08,626
This is the story
of a glass bottle,
753
00:37:08,626 --> 00:37:11,126
a mysterious note,
754
00:37:11,129 --> 00:37:14,329
and a nation aspiring to be
the dominant power in the world.
755
00:37:14,332 --> 00:37:19,602
♪
756
00:37:19,604 --> 00:37:23,007
WILDMAN:
It’s January 21, 2018,
757
00:37:23,007 --> 00:37:26,337
on Wedge Island
in Western Australia.
758
00:37:26,344 --> 00:37:30,281
A woman named Tonya Illman
is walking along the beach
759
00:37:30,281 --> 00:37:32,817
when a glint in the sand
catches her eye.
760
00:37:32,817 --> 00:37:35,747
HYDE: She saw something that
was partially buried in sand.
761
00:37:35,754 --> 00:37:37,589
Could be a little bit
of discarded rubbish,
762
00:37:37,589 --> 00:37:41,389
but she was intrigued
and went to look closer.
763
00:37:41,392 --> 00:37:44,696
WILDMAN: It’s an old
and weathered glass bottle.
764
00:37:44,696 --> 00:37:47,326
Then she notices
something unexpected ‐‐
765
00:37:47,332 --> 00:37:49,432
there’s an item stuffed inside.
766
00:37:49,434 --> 00:37:52,504
It was a piece of paper
rolled up with twine.
767
00:37:52,504 --> 00:37:54,472
♪
768
00:37:54,472 --> 00:37:57,709
WILDMAN:
Illman carefully pulls the
bound paper out of the bottle
769
00:37:57,709 --> 00:38:00,178
and unties the string.
770
00:38:00,178 --> 00:38:01,308
To her amazement,
771
00:38:01,312 --> 00:38:04,516
written on the paper
is some sort of message.
772
00:38:04,516 --> 00:38:06,816
The writing appears
to be in German,
773
00:38:06,818 --> 00:38:10,248
but most astounding of all is
the date of the top ‐‐
774
00:38:10,255 --> 00:38:13,491
June 1886.
775
00:38:13,491 --> 00:38:18,361
If genuine, the tiny scroll
is 132 years old.
776
00:38:18,363 --> 00:38:19,898
She couldn’t believe
what she saw.
777
00:38:19,898 --> 00:38:23,368
♪
778
00:38:23,368 --> 00:38:26,868
WILDMAN:
So Illman takes the note
to an expert to be translated.
779
00:38:26,871 --> 00:38:29,941
The contents of the message
are baffling.
780
00:38:29,941 --> 00:38:33,511
HYDE: It contained a request for
the people who found the bottle
781
00:38:33,511 --> 00:38:35,647
to write
down their exact location
782
00:38:35,647 --> 00:38:39,477
and to return this information
to Germany.
783
00:38:39,484 --> 00:38:44,823
WILDMAN:
The strange note also refers
to someone named Paula.
784
00:38:44,823 --> 00:38:47,358
Illman thought she might have
something really special.
785
00:38:47,358 --> 00:38:49,358
What on Earth could this mean?
786
00:38:49,360 --> 00:38:52,560
WILDMAN:
What Illman doesn’t realize
is that the cryptic instructions
787
00:38:52,564 --> 00:38:56,568
are linked to a sinister bid
for world domination.
788
00:38:56,568 --> 00:38:59,838
So who exactly sent
this message and why?
789
00:38:59,838 --> 00:39:02,138
♪
790
00:39:04,843 --> 00:39:06,611
♪
791
00:39:06,611 --> 00:39:10,949
WILDMAN: January 21, 2018 ‐‐
Western Australia.
792
00:39:10,949 --> 00:39:13,779
A mysterious glass bottle
is found on a beach.
793
00:39:13,785 --> 00:39:18,223
Inside is a cryptic message
dated 1886.
794
00:39:18,223 --> 00:39:21,826
It’s the oldest message
in a bottle ever found.
795
00:39:21,826 --> 00:39:23,026
It’s also linked
796
00:39:23,027 --> 00:39:27,365
to a chilling conspiracy
to take over the world.
797
00:39:27,365 --> 00:39:30,425
The story begins in the 1870s.
798
00:39:30,435 --> 00:39:34,472
Europe’s colonial empires
are jockeying for supremacy.
799
00:39:34,472 --> 00:39:36,841
Great Britain
has long dominated,
800
00:39:36,841 --> 00:39:40,945
but another nation is desperate
to usurp the United Kingdom ‐‐
801
00:39:40,945 --> 00:39:42,375
Germany.
802
00:39:42,380 --> 00:39:44,816
The newly established
Imperial Germany,
803
00:39:44,816 --> 00:39:46,776
led by Kaiser Wilhelm I,
804
00:39:46,784 --> 00:39:50,722
wanted to expand their
political and economic might.
805
00:39:50,722 --> 00:39:53,322
WILDMAN: To become the world’s
next superpower,
806
00:39:53,324 --> 00:39:55,526
Germany is looking for ways
to surpass
807
00:39:55,526 --> 00:39:57,756
Britain’s mighty
naval technology
808
00:39:57,762 --> 00:39:59,931
and gain an edge
in global trade.
809
00:39:59,931 --> 00:40:02,100
♪
810
00:40:02,100 --> 00:40:04,936
So officials turn to
a cunning naval scientist
811
00:40:04,936 --> 00:40:07,536
named Georg von Neumayer.
812
00:40:07,538 --> 00:40:11,075
Neumayer wanted to help his
country with economic expansion.
813
00:40:11,075 --> 00:40:14,175
WILDMAN: The expert navigator
devises an ingenious plan
814
00:40:14,178 --> 00:40:17,108
to map the currents
across the world’s oceans.
815
00:40:17,115 --> 00:40:18,549
The goal?
816
00:40:18,549 --> 00:40:22,519
To track the fastest sea routes
for Germany’s trade fleet.
817
00:40:22,520 --> 00:40:24,656
♪
818
00:40:24,656 --> 00:40:28,826
To achieve this, he plots out
a unique worldwide experiment.
819
00:40:28,826 --> 00:40:30,995
The captains
of German merchant ships
820
00:40:30,995 --> 00:40:33,855
will drop thousands of bottles
into the water.
821
00:40:33,865 --> 00:40:36,167
The hope is that
each of these bottles
822
00:40:36,167 --> 00:40:37,597
will be carried
on the currents
823
00:40:37,602 --> 00:40:40,471
to the far‐flung corners
of the world.
824
00:40:40,471 --> 00:40:43,941
Each bottle has a note with
the name of the ship of origin
825
00:40:43,942 --> 00:40:47,478
and clear instructions
for the person who picks it up.
826
00:40:47,478 --> 00:40:49,678
The slips contained a request
827
00:40:49,681 --> 00:40:52,350
for the people
who found them at the other end
828
00:40:52,350 --> 00:40:54,686
to send them back
to the Naval Observatory
829
00:40:54,686 --> 00:40:58,016
with the information of exactly
where they had been recovered.
830
00:40:58,022 --> 00:41:00,825
♪
831
00:41:00,825 --> 00:41:02,585
WILDMAN:
As the messages are returned
832
00:41:02,593 --> 00:41:04,429
from the bottles
thrown overboard,
833
00:41:04,429 --> 00:41:08,599
the information can be used
to chart faster shipping routes.
834
00:41:08,599 --> 00:41:10,935
It’s a wild plan.
835
00:41:10,935 --> 00:41:12,795
But it works.
836
00:41:12,804 --> 00:41:17,442
More than 600 bottles eventually
make their way back to Germany.
837
00:41:17,442 --> 00:41:20,242
HYDE:
This allowed Germany to see
where the bottles had gone
838
00:41:20,244 --> 00:41:22,480
and to track global currents.
839
00:41:22,480 --> 00:41:25,980
This really helped shed light
on the ocean’s currents,
840
00:41:25,984 --> 00:41:29,053
thus helping to dominate
global trade.
841
00:41:29,053 --> 00:41:30,553
WILDMAN:
And one of the bottles
842
00:41:30,555 --> 00:41:33,891
thrown off a German
merchant ship named the Paula
843
00:41:33,891 --> 00:41:37,228
eventually washes up on the
shores of Western Australia,
844
00:41:37,228 --> 00:41:40,198
where it remains hidden in the
sand for more than a century.
845
00:41:40,198 --> 00:41:42,698
♪
846
00:41:42,700 --> 00:41:45,100
HYDE: It’s a miracle
that it survived so long,
847
00:41:45,103 --> 00:41:47,505
especially with the message
inside it.
848
00:41:47,505 --> 00:41:51,435
WILDMAN:
Tonya Illman’s incredible find
goes down in history
849
00:41:51,442 --> 00:41:54,345
as the oldest message
in a bottle ever discovered.
850
00:41:54,345 --> 00:41:57,875
♪
851
00:41:57,882 --> 00:41:59,917
And today,
it’s on display
852
00:41:59,917 --> 00:42:03,247
at the Western Australian
Maritime Museum in Fremantle.
853
00:42:03,254 --> 00:42:04,689
It recalls the tale
854
00:42:04,689 --> 00:42:07,859
of an extraordinary quest
to rule the seas
855
00:42:07,859 --> 00:42:10,289
long‐buried
in the sands of time.
856
00:42:10,294 --> 00:42:12,704
♪
63936
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