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00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:12,074
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00:00:32,720 --> 00:00:36,960
How do intelligence agencies
around the world recruit assets?
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00:00:37,520 --> 00:00:39,160
They fulfill your desires.
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00:00:40,040 --> 00:00:42,360
What are your desires.
Give me one, a little dream of yours.
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00:00:42,760 --> 00:00:45,680
-Give me a dream.
-To shoot movies in Los Angeles.
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00:00:46,160 --> 00:00:49,040
He wants to shoot movies
in Los Angeles. Alright?
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00:00:51,160 --> 00:00:57,520
To be recruited, he needs to believe
I’m looking for a cameraman in LA.
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00:00:58,480 --> 00:01:01,360
I establish a relationship with him,
a long running one,
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00:01:01,480 --> 00:01:04,360
and I convince him that he’ll eventually
get that job in Los Angeles.
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00:01:07,320 --> 00:01:11,240
I tell him, "Look, drive down...
You know what? Choose a highway.
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00:01:11,560 --> 00:01:13,400
Go and film both sides of the highway.”
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00:01:13,600 --> 00:01:14,440
OK?
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00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:20,400
"Show me how good your footage is.
Focus on points of interest."
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00:01:22,480 --> 00:01:25,320
He'll receive plenty of compliments for
his work, and maybe even some money,
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00:01:25,920 --> 00:01:30,880
and he'll get any number of these tests,
all as part of his future work in LA.
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00:01:31,800 --> 00:01:35,840
By the time he realizes
that what he’s done
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00:01:36,440 --> 00:01:39,440
could land him in
a Shin Bet interrogation room,
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00:01:39,800 --> 00:01:43,840
he'll have a hard time stopping,
especially if the money is good.
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00:01:44,200 --> 00:01:46,360
Okay, Los Angeles can wait
a few more years.
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00:01:49,040 --> 00:01:51,320
An agency’s system for recruiting assets
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00:01:51,520 --> 00:01:54,640
is very similar to a con operation.
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00:01:55,240 --> 00:01:58,680
You have to believe that
what you're being sold is real,
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00:01:58,800 --> 00:02:02,160
and the moment it becomes clear to you
that you've crossed a line
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00:02:02,240 --> 00:02:07,120
you'll have a hard time moving on
without accepting your new reality.
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00:02:47,080 --> 00:02:49,640
INSIDE THE MOSSAD
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00:03:01,520 --> 00:03:03,760
04:30 - 04:32
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What’s running through your mind
as you sit here, in front of us?
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00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:37,640
I'm sitting here, under the lights,
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00:03:37,720 --> 00:03:39,560
and you're all in front of me,
in the dark,
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00:03:40,280 --> 00:03:43,800
with all sorts of devices which
I need to figure out what they're for...
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00:03:44,480 --> 00:03:48,320
Each one of you, on set,
operates in a state of certainty.
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00:03:48,440 --> 00:03:50,600
You've got certain parameters,
certain numbers,
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00:03:50,800 --> 00:03:53,680
to make sure the picture comes out right,
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00:03:53,840 --> 00:03:57,280
and you know, from your schooling,
that you need to hit those numbers.
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00:03:57,800 --> 00:03:59,800
In total contrast to your line of work,
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00:04:00,160 --> 00:04:02,600
we work in a state of uncertainty.
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00:04:03,360 --> 00:04:05,280
You never really know
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00:04:05,760 --> 00:04:08,880
if the asset across from you
is working for you or against you,
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00:04:09,160 --> 00:04:11,320
or both at the same time.
You never know.
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00:04:11,680 --> 00:04:14,960
You work based on assumptions,
on hunches, on hopes.
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00:04:15,680 --> 00:04:17,960
At the end of the day,
you have to acquit yourself.
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00:04:18,160 --> 00:04:20,800
Have you got what it takes?
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00:04:21,160 --> 00:04:25,240
Can you survive the stress of it?
And this job has a lot of stress.
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00:04:26,520 --> 00:04:29,400
YEHIAM MART
MOSSAD-ASSET RECRUITMENT 1975-2000
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00:04:30,600 --> 00:04:33,800
When the Mossad contacted me,
I was 22-23 years old.
46
00:04:36,080 --> 00:04:38,600
At the time, I was working
security on El-Al planes.
47
00:04:41,280 --> 00:04:45,560
El-Al was no picnic. There was
gun violence on planes, hijackings,
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00:04:45,760 --> 00:04:48,120
passengers were shot
at check-in counters...
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00:04:50,920 --> 00:04:53,480
On the other hand,
working security for El-Al
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00:04:53,920 --> 00:04:55,600
is a great job to have at that age.
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00:04:55,960 --> 00:04:57,480
Air crews, stewardesses...
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00:04:58,160 --> 00:05:01,400
I wanted to go on working for El-Al,
so I told them no.
53
00:05:01,640 --> 00:05:04,800
They said "Go to college.
We'll stay in touch with you."
54
00:05:05,280 --> 00:05:06,360
And that's what happened.
55
00:05:08,960 --> 00:05:11,080
When and how were you recruited by Mossad?
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00:05:11,880 --> 00:05:14,200
They approached me
as a young college student.
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00:05:14,560 --> 00:05:17,800
I was quite young, 21-22 years old.
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00:05:18,000 --> 00:05:21,680
And since, after the '73 war,
I felt, like many others,
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00:05:22,600 --> 00:05:25,480
that we had made a mistake by not
volunteering to help keep Israel safe,
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00:05:25,600 --> 00:05:27,680
but only looked out for ourselves,
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00:05:27,840 --> 00:05:30,280
when they approached me,
I couldn't say no
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00:05:30,440 --> 00:05:31,880
and I joined Mossad.
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00:05:32,960 --> 00:05:35,280
Today, it's quite popular:
“I graduated from ‘HaMidrasha.’”
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00:05:36,600 --> 00:05:41,280
And as a Midrasha graduate, I feel as if
I'd graduated from the air force academy.
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00:05:42,120 --> 00:05:44,480
RAMI IGRA
MOSSAD CASE OFFICER 1975-2000
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00:05:44,600 --> 00:05:48,800
When I told my mother
I’d been accepted into Mossad,
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00:05:49,080 --> 00:05:52,160
she called all my aunts and said,
"The kid is all set!
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00:05:52,280 --> 00:05:55,920
He's got medical, social security,
a pension fund... He's all set."
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00:05:56,080 --> 00:06:00,200
Later I told her, "Mossad could have sent
me to Baghdad, and all you cared about..."
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00:06:00,360 --> 00:06:03,200
She said, "One day you'll realize
that that's what's important."
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00:06:03,600 --> 00:06:05,600
-And...
-What motivated you to do it?
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00:06:06,200 --> 00:06:08,800
-What was in it for you?
-I didn't do it to save the country.
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00:06:08,960 --> 00:06:10,680
It came along, and I went for it.
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00:06:10,960 --> 00:06:15,160
It wasn’t as if I dreamt
of being a spy as a 9-year-old.
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00:06:16,000 --> 00:06:21,160
Luckily, I turned out
to be pretty good at it.
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00:06:24,240 --> 00:06:25,600
What were you trained to do?
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00:06:26,520 --> 00:06:31,960
I was involved in operations,
from the start and until my retirement.
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00:06:32,160 --> 00:06:33,880
Which means...? What did you do?
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00:06:33,960 --> 00:06:36,480
-I was involved in operations.
-OK.
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00:06:36,800 --> 00:06:39,000
Can you tell me what you did?
Where you were?
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00:06:39,160 --> 00:06:41,400
I won't go into that. Next question.
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00:06:41,640 --> 00:06:44,080
OK. What were you trained to do?
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00:06:44,440 --> 00:06:47,800
Do you want to keep asking
the same question? Go ahead. It's OK.
84
00:06:48,480 --> 00:06:50,000
Uh... OK.
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00:06:53,360 --> 00:06:57,600
I joined a department that was in charge
of recruiting and operating assets,
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00:06:58,080 --> 00:07:01,800
Arabs and Iranians,
and that's what I did for 20 years.
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00:07:03,760 --> 00:07:07,000
I was in a field that requires
creativity...
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00:07:07,560 --> 00:07:10,120
The professional term is "HUMINT".
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00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:13,880
In order to recruit a person,
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00:07:14,480 --> 00:07:17,160
to convince them to give you information,
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00:07:17,440 --> 00:07:18,400
to the enemy,
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00:07:18,800 --> 00:07:21,600
you have to take certain actions,
and not just
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00:07:21,880 --> 00:07:24,920
settle for convincing them that
they should. Because they shouldn't.
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00:07:25,440 --> 00:07:29,360
So this requires creativity,
it requires...
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00:07:29,760 --> 00:07:34,600
creating sets, and other things
fairly reminiscent of your line of work.
96
00:07:39,320 --> 00:07:44,040
We're basically doing something which,
in my opinion,
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00:07:44,120 --> 00:07:46,240
is the most complicated thing there is.
98
00:07:46,480 --> 00:07:48,920
We're basically dealing
with the human mind.
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00:07:49,560 --> 00:07:53,920
We don't do it for fun,
or because we saw it in a movie.
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00:07:55,480 --> 00:07:59,520
Our job is to deliver intelligence,
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00:07:59,880 --> 00:08:04,240
based on the needs
of the state's security forces.
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00:08:05,280 --> 00:08:09,440
We need to determine
who might possess that intelligence,
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00:08:10,600 --> 00:08:15,440
and once you determine
who might have that information,
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00:08:16,280 --> 00:08:19,800
you basically have to put them
through a process,
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00:08:20,440 --> 00:08:22,720
with or without their knowledge,
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00:08:23,400 --> 00:08:27,520
so that they’ll be willing
to give you the information you’re after.
107
00:08:29,480 --> 00:08:32,920
AVI DAGAN
HEAD OF ASSET RECRUITMENT 1982-1984
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00:08:33,040 --> 00:08:36,800
Basically, the person
you're in contact with,
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00:08:37,120 --> 00:08:38,720
"The Object" in our parlance,
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00:08:39,920 --> 00:08:43,360
is about to do the most...
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00:08:44,480 --> 00:08:46,040
despicable thing.
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00:08:46,160 --> 00:08:48,520
He's basically going
to betray his country.
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00:08:48,800 --> 00:08:53,240
When I say “betray his country,”
I don't just mean his country's values.
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00:08:53,320 --> 00:08:54,840
He's betraying his family,
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00:08:55,400 --> 00:08:59,440
betraying his friends,
betraying the people around him.
116
00:09:02,720 --> 00:09:05,840
What kind of person do you have to be
in order to cross that line?
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00:09:06,320 --> 00:09:09,440
The asset is a normal person
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00:09:09,720 --> 00:09:12,840
who falls into a certain situation,
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00:09:13,120 --> 00:09:17,520
and commits an act
that carries with it a lot of risk,
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00:09:17,760 --> 00:09:19,920
a lot of dishonor, if they're caught.
121
00:09:20,320 --> 00:09:23,280
I've got hundreds and thousands
of hours of conversations
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00:09:23,520 --> 00:09:27,400
with people like that,
ones that the viewer might see
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00:09:27,520 --> 00:09:31,040
as spies, traitors to their countries...
124
00:09:31,560 --> 00:09:34,640
You quickly see they're ordinary people.
You talk to them about other things,
125
00:09:34,880 --> 00:09:38,680
about soccer... He supports Barcelona,
you support Manchester United.
126
00:09:39,000 --> 00:09:41,040
Girls, food, money.
127
00:09:41,200 --> 00:09:44,120
His son's taking private math lessons.
128
00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:47,520
And he's a spy.
He's betraying his country for money.
129
00:09:50,520 --> 00:09:54,920
In Arab countries,
treason is an unforgivable sin.
130
00:09:55,040 --> 00:09:58,880
As they say in Arabic,
“You fling mud at the wall,
131
00:09:59,200 --> 00:10:01,440
and the mark stays there your whole life.”
132
00:10:01,920 --> 00:10:05,720
If you go into
a Palestinian town today,
133
00:10:06,600 --> 00:10:09,200
and you ask someone,
"Who lives on this street?" He'll say,
134
00:10:09,320 --> 00:10:11,480
"The teacher lives there,
the engineer - there,
135
00:10:11,560 --> 00:10:14,000
the shopkeeper - there,
and the traitor - there."
136
00:10:14,560 --> 00:10:18,000
Who's the traitor? It might be
someone whose grandfather
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00:10:18,520 --> 00:10:21,440
committed treason during
the Arab revolt of '36
138
00:10:21,680 --> 00:10:22,920
and it’s stayed in the family.
139
00:10:23,080 --> 00:10:25,800
Is it possible that their children
are still labeled traitors?
140
00:10:25,920 --> 00:10:28,720
Of course they are.
141
00:10:29,200 --> 00:10:31,080
For us, dishonor...
142
00:10:31,520 --> 00:10:33,400
We're a forgiving country.
143
00:10:33,680 --> 00:10:36,320
Our enemies are not forgiving.
Our enemies...
144
00:10:37,760 --> 00:10:41,520
would even kill the cousin
of the man who betrayed them.
145
00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:51,720
What kind of training do you need
in order to be a case officer?
146
00:10:52,200 --> 00:10:56,600
Anyone who wants to be a case officer
has to learn hand-to-hand combat,
147
00:10:57,040 --> 00:11:00,280
and learn to use a weapon.
148
00:11:00,560 --> 00:11:05,440
But you also learn table manners,
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00:11:06,400 --> 00:11:08,920
which hand holds the fork.
150
00:11:10,480 --> 00:11:12,480
YOSSI ALPHER
MOSSAD CASE OFFICER 1969-1981
151
00:11:12,560 --> 00:11:15,920
I grew up in a Jewish,
non-Zionist family,
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00:11:16,280 --> 00:11:17,880
in the Washington DC area.
153
00:11:18,080 --> 00:11:21,120
As a teenager, I was a star
154
00:11:21,760 --> 00:11:25,120
in a program called
"Youth Wants to Know.”
155
00:11:26,280 --> 00:11:28,720
Along with ten other teenagers,
156
00:11:29,160 --> 00:11:31,600
we interviewed, among others, JFK,
157
00:11:31,720 --> 00:11:34,120
three times, before he became president.
158
00:11:36,640 --> 00:11:40,320
They showed documentaries
about the Holocaust.
159
00:11:40,680 --> 00:11:42,720
I learned about the Holocaust
for the first time.
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00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:45,920
And that stirred strong feelings in me,
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00:11:46,720 --> 00:11:48,400
that I owe something...
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00:11:49,480 --> 00:11:50,720
That I have to do something.
163
00:11:52,720 --> 00:11:55,120
Where did they send you?
What did you do?
164
00:11:56,120 --> 00:11:57,920
I was a case officer.
165
00:12:00,440 --> 00:12:02,040
What does a case officer do?
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00:12:03,520 --> 00:12:05,720
He recruits sources and handles them.
167
00:12:07,080 --> 00:12:10,040
He essentially convinces someone
to betray their own people, no?
168
00:12:10,800 --> 00:12:13,480
You know what?
You're taking me in a direction
169
00:12:13,640 --> 00:12:15,800
that I have no desire
to talk about, I'm sorry.
170
00:12:18,280 --> 00:12:21,440
Could you share a story
about an asset’s recruitment?
171
00:12:21,680 --> 00:12:23,600
One that you handled personally?
172
00:12:26,800 --> 00:12:29,000
I can tell you about a certain object
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00:12:29,240 --> 00:12:34,600
that we’d pursued for ten years,
unsuccessfully.
174
00:12:36,200 --> 00:12:38,720
We knew that he was probably homosexual.
175
00:12:39,680 --> 00:12:42,040
It wasn't easy for an Arab
to be gay in the '70s.
176
00:12:42,200 --> 00:12:44,120
It's not easy today, either.
177
00:12:47,480 --> 00:12:52,120
They set up a lunch for us
at a nice restaurant in a European city,
178
00:12:54,080 --> 00:12:57,840
and because we suspected he had contact
with his country's intelligence agency,
179
00:12:58,360 --> 00:13:02,240
the preparations for the meeting
were very tense.
180
00:13:04,320 --> 00:13:07,760
My purpose in that meeting
was to recruit him.
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00:13:08,240 --> 00:13:11,760
And recruiting him meant,
in practical terms,
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00:13:12,720 --> 00:13:15,040
to receive information from him,
and to give him money.
183
00:13:17,440 --> 00:13:20,680
Of course, I was undercover.
I recruited him undercover.
184
00:13:21,640 --> 00:13:28,080
And we pussy-footed through the
conversation about what I was there to do.
185
00:13:30,200 --> 00:13:32,360
Until, at a certain moment,
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00:13:32,560 --> 00:13:35,400
I noticed a look in his eyes.
187
00:13:36,600 --> 00:13:40,480
And that's where my American
background came into play.
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00:13:40,640 --> 00:13:43,080
That look took me back
189
00:13:43,600 --> 00:13:47,400
to the New York subway, at 2:00 AM.
190
00:13:49,640 --> 00:13:53,600
Anyone who happened to be
on a subway platform at 2:00 AM,
191
00:13:53,840 --> 00:13:57,800
in the 1960s at least,
would encounter homosexuals,
192
00:13:58,320 --> 00:14:01,320
who were cruising for partners.
193
00:14:02,040 --> 00:14:04,160
That was it. I knew that look.
194
00:14:06,080 --> 00:14:08,600
And now I knew what I had to do.
195
00:14:09,240 --> 00:14:12,800
I took the envelope with the money
out of my pocket,
196
00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:19,000
and I grabbed him by the lapel,
thrust it into his breast pocket,
197
00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:25,240
and said, "Here's the payment for
the information you're going to give me."
198
00:14:26,400 --> 00:14:29,840
You could say that,
in figurative terms, I raped him.
199
00:14:30,040 --> 00:14:31,960
And that was exactly what he wanted.
200
00:14:35,400 --> 00:14:38,720
I felt great.
I felt like I’d pulled it off,
201
00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:40,520
that I could celebrate.
202
00:14:42,920 --> 00:14:46,960
That evening, I met some
Israeli friends for dinner,
203
00:14:47,960 --> 00:14:51,400
and with the first bite I took,
204
00:14:52,080 --> 00:14:54,600
I was overcome by nausea.
205
00:14:55,280 --> 00:14:59,360
I ran to the bathroom,
and disappeared there for 15 minutes
206
00:15:00,720 --> 00:15:03,520
while I puked and shat my brains out.
207
00:15:04,960 --> 00:15:06,640
They thought I was half-dead.
208
00:15:07,600 --> 00:15:11,200
And I soon learned that that's
what your stomach acid does to you
209
00:15:13,880 --> 00:15:17,400
a few hours after
such a tense experience.
210
00:15:19,880 --> 00:15:21,640
If you're not whole with
what you're doing,
211
00:15:21,720 --> 00:15:23,160
it’s very difficult to do this job.
212
00:15:23,360 --> 00:15:27,360
You need to find the crack
in the other person's personality,
213
00:15:27,800 --> 00:15:30,080
and you have to work that crack,
and make it wider.
214
00:15:31,600 --> 00:15:34,400
PINI MEIDAN
MOSSAD CASE OFFICER
215
00:15:34,480 --> 00:15:37,040
What kind of psychological process
does that person go through?
216
00:15:37,440 --> 00:15:40,240
He goes through a very complex process.
217
00:15:40,880 --> 00:15:43,040
The recruitment process
is fraught with crisis.
218
00:15:43,320 --> 00:15:47,240
You try to create a process
of controlled crisis.
219
00:15:50,000 --> 00:15:52,560
You take a person
who has a certain position,
220
00:15:52,720 --> 00:15:56,520
usually a senior position
in an enemy state,
221
00:15:58,040 --> 00:16:01,640
and you go some distance
with them, hand-in-hand together
222
00:16:01,880 --> 00:16:04,560
until you start to interrogate them
and ask them questions.
223
00:16:04,800 --> 00:16:07,640
We called it “rolling the object
down the slippery slope.”
224
00:16:07,880 --> 00:16:09,000
The penny finally drops.
225
00:16:10,120 --> 00:16:13,320
Eventually, he realizes who he is.
He realizes what he's doing.
226
00:16:13,640 --> 00:16:15,920
How do you know when he gets it?
227
00:16:16,080 --> 00:16:19,320
When you ask him a question,
and he goes like this...
228
00:16:19,960 --> 00:16:24,040
You ask, and he goes like this, which
means "You're asking me for the rope.”
229
00:16:24,160 --> 00:16:28,920
"You're asking me a question which
will land me in the darkest of pits.”
230
00:16:29,520 --> 00:16:34,040
We had a guy once who was a smoker.
He used to...
231
00:16:34,280 --> 00:16:37,440
You'd ask him a tough question
during a conversation
232
00:16:38,080 --> 00:16:42,400
and he would open his mouth, and hide
his face with cigarette smoke…
233
00:16:42,520 --> 00:16:45,560
"It wasn't me who answered."
As if someone else answered. It's...
234
00:16:46,320 --> 00:16:48,560
His wife told me once,
"Look, he's not sick.
235
00:16:49,240 --> 00:16:51,840
He's got a psychological sickness.
Something's wrong with him."
236
00:16:54,480 --> 00:16:56,720
If you didn't go through a crisis
during the recruitment process,
237
00:16:56,920 --> 00:16:59,640
and if your object
didn't pass through a crisis,
238
00:16:59,920 --> 00:17:02,280
it means he hasn't really
internalized what he's done,
239
00:17:02,360 --> 00:17:06,040
he didn't really understand the process,
and he hasn't truly been recruited.
240
00:17:08,040 --> 00:17:09,840
And how do you go through that process?
241
00:17:10,160 --> 00:17:14,640
You experience a very
intense mental challenge.
242
00:17:14,960 --> 00:17:18,720
One of the things that happened to me...
After many of the meetings,
243
00:17:18,840 --> 00:17:20,920
I would have a hard time.
I used to go
244
00:17:21,280 --> 00:17:24,520
and immediately take a shower
in order to cleanse myself
245
00:17:24,600 --> 00:17:27,640
and disconnect myself from
the character I'd been playing.
246
00:17:28,440 --> 00:17:30,840
Does the water wash it all away?
-No.
247
00:17:39,160 --> 00:17:44,040
No two assets are alike,
and so, there's no one way
248
00:17:44,240 --> 00:17:46,840
to handle problems.
249
00:17:48,160 --> 00:17:49,040
Look,
250
00:17:49,960 --> 00:17:53,200
I’ll tell you a story
about an asset we had in Syria.
251
00:17:54,040 --> 00:17:55,440
In my previous unit.
252
00:17:56,520 --> 00:18:00,640
At a certain time, I became concerned
that his cover would be blown,
253
00:18:01,240 --> 00:18:04,520
so I brought him to Israel
with his entire family,
254
00:18:04,640 --> 00:18:06,440
whoever he told me
ahead of time that he wanted to bring.
255
00:18:08,800 --> 00:18:13,840
And he asked my permission,
that the night before he leaves
256
00:18:13,920 --> 00:18:16,040
that I let him settle some scores
with people in his village:
257
00:18:17,040 --> 00:18:20,160
To murder the village leader,
who, many years earlier,
258
00:18:21,320 --> 00:18:24,840
refused to give him
his daughter's hand in marriage.
259
00:18:25,200 --> 00:18:27,720
Next, his sister,
who’d slept around with someone,
260
00:18:27,920 --> 00:18:30,240
and brought all these problems upon him,
261
00:18:30,560 --> 00:18:34,400
as well as the guy she’d slept with,
and 2 or 3 others.
262
00:18:34,640 --> 00:18:37,360
I only gave him the OK to kill his sister.
263
00:18:37,440 --> 00:18:40,000
You gave him the OK
to kill his sister? Why?
264
00:18:40,920 --> 00:18:43,400
Family honor, and whatnot.
265
00:18:44,240 --> 00:18:45,840
But then, it turned out...
266
00:18:45,960 --> 00:18:48,640
We could hear gunshots
and explosions in the distance.
267
00:18:48,920 --> 00:18:51,640
It turned out
he’d settled his scores with everyone.
268
00:18:52,560 --> 00:18:55,520
He came to me, smiled and said
"In all the time I worked for you,
269
00:18:55,680 --> 00:18:57,920
this is the first time
I disobeyed an order."
270
00:18:58,680 --> 00:18:59,520
Get it?
271
00:19:02,320 --> 00:19:04,320
BEIRUT, 1976
272
00:19:06,200 --> 00:19:09,400
Your name in Lebanon
wasn’t "Yair,” right?
273
00:19:09,480 --> 00:19:11,440
I was known as "Abu Daoud.”
274
00:19:11,960 --> 00:19:13,240
-As...?
-"Abu Daoud.”
275
00:19:13,600 --> 00:19:16,480
YAIR RAVID
CHIEF OS STATION, BEIRUT
276
00:19:16,600 --> 00:19:20,440
Look, my roots may be
in Eastern Europe,
277
00:19:21,400 --> 00:19:24,440
my father was Ukrainian,
and my mother was Polish,
278
00:19:24,800 --> 00:19:26,840
but I see myself as a Middle Easterner.
279
00:19:27,440 --> 00:19:31,400
I've lived here, I live here,
I know the mentality, I live among them,
280
00:19:31,880 --> 00:19:35,440
I speak the language well,
I know the sounds, the voices,
281
00:19:35,680 --> 00:19:37,720
the flavors, the smells...
282
00:19:40,000 --> 00:19:42,120
I'm deep into it.
283
00:19:46,440 --> 00:19:49,440
Lebanon is known as a place
284
00:19:49,800 --> 00:19:53,520
where a lot of drugs are produced.
285
00:19:54,000 --> 00:19:59,320
Their hashish is sold all over the world,
and also opium.
286
00:20:04,240 --> 00:20:05,720
There was a Shi’ite
in Southern Lebanon,
287
00:20:05,920 --> 00:20:09,920
Abu Nassif, one of the biggest
drug barons in the world.
288
00:20:10,360 --> 00:20:12,560
-How big?
-How big?
289
00:20:13,520 --> 00:20:15,440
Each shipment was no less than a ton.
290
00:20:16,160 --> 00:20:19,120
You know what they say?
"He plants by the road."
291
00:20:19,640 --> 00:20:22,960
In the parlance of drug dealers,
292
00:20:23,360 --> 00:20:26,200
someone who's well-connected and powerful
293
00:20:26,360 --> 00:20:29,920
can afford to plant drugs anywhere,
including by the side of the road.
294
00:20:33,600 --> 00:20:36,640
We knew about him and his activities,
295
00:20:37,160 --> 00:20:41,040
and I decided to meet with him
and see how we could
296
00:20:41,280 --> 00:20:44,000
use the man for our own ends.
297
00:20:46,120 --> 00:20:50,560
He agreed to cooperate on one condition:
298
00:20:50,920 --> 00:20:54,840
that we don't interfere with his business.
299
00:20:55,480 --> 00:20:57,000
What did he do for you?
300
00:20:57,400 --> 00:21:00,840
He recruited assets for us
in very important places.
301
00:21:00,920 --> 00:21:02,520
DOMINO
302
00:21:02,640 --> 00:21:06,040
Now, these people,
as soon as you're in contact with them,
303
00:21:06,280 --> 00:21:09,400
they keep trying to ensnare you. Because
if he manages to trip you up even once,
304
00:21:10,240 --> 00:21:12,720
you're under his thumb. That’s why
305
00:21:13,280 --> 00:21:16,600
I never met with him alone.
306
00:21:17,440 --> 00:21:19,080
I always had someone with me.
307
00:21:19,160 --> 00:21:21,840
You never want to be in a situation
where it’s your word against his.
308
00:21:25,840 --> 00:21:29,640
Once, he came to a meeting
with a nice present for me:
309
00:21:30,560 --> 00:21:34,800
a beautiful carved wooden box,
310
00:21:35,040 --> 00:21:39,040
with opium in it, for personal use,
for me to enjoy over the weekend.
311
00:21:39,600 --> 00:21:42,840
I didn't hesitate. I pulled out my gun,
pressed it to his head and said,
312
00:21:43,000 --> 00:21:45,160
"Next time this happens
I’ll pull the trigger."
313
00:21:46,600 --> 00:21:48,840
On another occasion,
he brought me a birthday present:
314
00:21:49,040 --> 00:21:51,920
a new Mercedes.
Straight from the showroom.
315
00:21:52,880 --> 00:21:55,640
-So... they’re always trying.
-Did you take it?
316
00:21:55,880 --> 00:21:57,160
-Excuse me?
-Did you take it?
317
00:21:57,800 --> 00:21:59,160
Did I take the Mercedes?
318
00:22:02,000 --> 00:22:04,600
There's a paradox here.
The main thing is trust.
319
00:22:05,960 --> 00:22:10,360
I mean their trust in us.
320
00:22:11,440 --> 00:22:17,000
We must always remain totally skeptical.
321
00:22:17,280 --> 00:22:21,040
You must have doubt at all times.
322
00:22:21,240 --> 00:22:24,400
Otherwise, you could be led astray.
323
00:22:33,280 --> 00:22:36,520
How does your relationship
with an asset work? What's the dynamic?
324
00:22:37,360 --> 00:22:39,200
First of all, it depends on the person.
325
00:22:40,800 --> 00:22:42,640
Some people are...
326
00:22:43,160 --> 00:22:46,040
Practical, let's say. Cooler.
327
00:22:47,360 --> 00:22:49,920
And you can have a conversation...
328
00:22:50,000 --> 00:22:54,040
With others, you have to be
their babysitter, and their father,
329
00:22:54,360 --> 00:22:57,400
and their older brother,
and their confessor...
330
00:22:59,640 --> 00:23:02,120
For several hours, the two men sit,
331
00:23:02,200 --> 00:23:05,200
the handler and the asset,
and they talk.
332
00:23:05,880 --> 00:23:08,200
Many deep conversations,
333
00:23:08,440 --> 00:23:11,040
that sometimes become
intimate confessions.
334
00:23:11,280 --> 00:23:13,160
Those of the asset, not the handler.
335
00:23:13,920 --> 00:23:16,440
With some people,
you have to raise your voice.
336
00:23:16,640 --> 00:23:18,600
With some people, you have to frown.
337
00:23:18,840 --> 00:23:22,640
Others you have to compliment.
Stroke their egos.
338
00:23:22,920 --> 00:23:26,000
You have to give them the feeling
that you're pleased with them,
339
00:23:26,280 --> 00:23:28,440
in order to increase cooperation.
340
00:23:31,560 --> 00:23:35,640
In other words, you can't
take a case and say,
341
00:23:35,800 --> 00:23:38,320
"I'll do this,
because I've done this before."
342
00:23:38,640 --> 00:23:41,840
Every case is different,
because every person is different.
343
00:23:47,080 --> 00:23:49,240
We had one guy, an asset,
344
00:23:49,560 --> 00:23:52,040
who was the best in his field.
345
00:23:52,360 --> 00:23:54,160
The best we ever had.
346
00:23:57,040 --> 00:23:58,800
I was stationed in Europe,
347
00:23:59,400 --> 00:24:04,000
and I learned that the man
was trying to contact us.
348
00:24:04,600 --> 00:24:07,240
And I accepted his request.
349
00:24:08,160 --> 00:24:10,960
We had a first meeting,
350
00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:14,560
and when I heard the name,
351
00:24:15,920 --> 00:24:18,640
to tell you the truth,
I didn't believe it was him.
352
00:24:18,920 --> 00:24:21,200
-I didn't believe it.
-What was his name?
353
00:24:21,280 --> 00:24:22,320
Ashraf Marwan.
354
00:24:26,200 --> 00:24:28,640
When I saw the first batch of material
he brought in.
355
00:24:29,280 --> 00:24:32,280
After I saw it, I said:
356
00:24:32,360 --> 00:24:34,200
"If this is for real,
357
00:24:34,360 --> 00:24:37,240
it's... earth-shattering."
358
00:24:38,440 --> 00:24:40,600
We never had anything like it.
359
00:24:41,440 --> 00:24:43,840
It was unbelievable that this material,
360
00:24:44,000 --> 00:24:48,600
the most top-secret intelligence in Egypt,
had come into our hands.
361
00:24:51,600 --> 00:24:54,640
He was one of the people
who passed information to us
362
00:24:54,840 --> 00:24:58,400
that prevented at least two planes
from being shot down.
363
00:24:58,880 --> 00:25:02,720
Israeli planes,
with hundreds of Israelis on board.
364
00:25:04,520 --> 00:25:06,320
What was so special about him?
365
00:25:06,720 --> 00:25:09,520
How did he obtain
such secret material?
366
00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:12,520
Listen, he was married
to Nasser's daughter!
367
00:25:13,000 --> 00:25:18,160
And in Egypt, being Nasser's son-in-law
is a unique position.
368
00:25:19,080 --> 00:25:22,800
He carried out all sorts of tasks
for the Egyptian government.
369
00:25:24,640 --> 00:25:28,000
He liked to meet with
the head of Saudi intelligence,
370
00:25:28,080 --> 00:25:29,800
and the head of Libyan intelligence,
371
00:25:30,000 --> 00:25:33,120
and maybe even with someone
from the CIA, or the Italians...
372
00:25:33,440 --> 00:25:36,200
With them, it's not like with us.
With us, a thing like that
373
00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:40,640
goes straight to the head of the agency,
who checks, and assigns officers...
374
00:25:40,800 --> 00:25:45,520
There, nobody's going to
ask the son-in-law questions,
375
00:25:45,960 --> 00:25:48,240
because those who do
get their heads chopped off.
376
00:25:48,440 --> 00:25:52,240
And when he goes to London,
the ambassador shines his shoes.
377
00:25:52,560 --> 00:25:56,840
Because he's the son-in-law.
He knows what's up.
378
00:25:57,080 --> 00:25:59,720
He gets a car, an office... Everything.
379
00:26:00,160 --> 00:26:03,560
-Why? He didn't have any money problems.
-Look,
380
00:26:03,840 --> 00:26:07,400
he didn’t just need favors.
Although, if we hadn't paid him,
381
00:26:07,880 --> 00:26:09,040
he wouldn't have worked with us.
382
00:26:11,240 --> 00:26:12,440
I'll tell you a story.
383
00:26:16,400 --> 00:26:21,200
One day, I met in Cairo with
a representative from a large oil company.
384
00:26:22,040 --> 00:26:23,640
And we had dinner.
385
00:26:24,680 --> 00:26:29,040
The kind of dinner where you're served
by black guys with white gloves,
386
00:26:29,400 --> 00:26:32,120
and they light your cigar
with a special straw...
387
00:26:32,400 --> 00:26:33,840
Straight out of the movies.
388
00:26:36,520 --> 00:26:38,400
We go out for some air,
389
00:26:39,360 --> 00:26:41,800
and I see, right next to his house,
390
00:26:42,400 --> 00:26:44,600
I see a small white palace,
391
00:26:45,080 --> 00:26:48,160
all lit up, extraordinarily beautiful.
392
00:26:49,840 --> 00:26:53,400
I say to him, "Look how nice
your neighbor's house is."
393
00:26:53,640 --> 00:26:56,360
He says, "You know who lives there?"
"No, who?"
394
00:26:56,560 --> 00:26:58,120
He says, "Ashraf Marwan."
395
00:26:58,360 --> 00:27:03,440
And right away, I could see
our dollars on the walls.
396
00:27:07,880 --> 00:27:11,360
What other factors can motivate
someone to work with you,
397
00:27:11,560 --> 00:27:12,640
besides money?
398
00:27:13,600 --> 00:27:14,840
Illness.
399
00:27:15,640 --> 00:27:18,560
Maybe his relative is ill.
Maybe he is ill,
400
00:27:19,000 --> 00:27:22,040
and needs medical treatment,
and you can help him get it.
401
00:27:23,880 --> 00:27:24,840
Revenge.
402
00:27:27,880 --> 00:27:30,120
Do you think that was
what motivated Ashraf Marwan?
403
00:27:30,360 --> 00:27:31,200
Yes.
404
00:27:31,560 --> 00:27:34,520
He was motivated by his sense
of disappointment and vengeance
405
00:27:35,000 --> 00:27:38,160
about losing his station
after his father-in-law's death.
406
00:27:38,480 --> 00:27:39,840
He was Nasser's son-in-law.
407
00:27:41,080 --> 00:27:44,440
-So it was all about ego?
-Yes. That came into play.
408
00:27:44,600 --> 00:27:46,840
And he said,
"I want to have influence!"
409
00:27:47,960 --> 00:27:51,160
-How was contact established?
-Look, he came,
410
00:27:51,280 --> 00:27:52,960
and met with Tzvika Zamir.
411
00:27:53,160 --> 00:27:54,400
He met the head
of the Mossad, personally?
412
00:27:54,720 --> 00:27:55,640
Yes. Look...
413
00:27:55,840 --> 00:27:59,120
He liked that he met
with the director of the Israeli Mossad.
414
00:27:59,200 --> 00:28:02,440
It was part of his personality.
415
00:28:02,680 --> 00:28:06,600
As he put it, "The Egyptians might not
like me, but at least somebody does.”
416
00:28:11,840 --> 00:28:17,000
The relationship between a handler
and an asset
417
00:28:17,960 --> 00:28:19,440
is a complicated thing.
418
00:28:20,800 --> 00:28:25,520
It's a relationship, first of all,
between two people.
419
00:28:26,920 --> 00:28:30,840
And Ashraf Marwan was one in a million.
420
00:28:32,240 --> 00:28:33,960
We had
421
00:28:35,880 --> 00:28:38,440
a relationship of mutual respect.
422
00:28:41,320 --> 00:28:43,000
He held me in high regard.
423
00:28:45,040 --> 00:28:46,840
And I held him in high regard as well.
424
00:28:48,640 --> 00:28:52,160
And he could feel it, just as I could.
425
00:28:53,880 --> 00:28:55,880
ZVI ZAMIR
DIRECTOR OF MOSSAD 1968-1974
426
00:28:59,960 --> 00:29:02,000
Is there room for emotions
when working with an asset?
427
00:29:02,160 --> 00:29:03,840
Or is it all about interests?
428
00:29:04,600 --> 00:29:09,560
Look, in this business,
there isn't much room for emotions.
429
00:29:10,720 --> 00:29:12,160
You've got a job to do,
430
00:29:13,080 --> 00:29:17,560
one you believe
helps to keep your country safe.
431
00:29:18,240 --> 00:29:22,000
In certain unavoidable cases,
432
00:29:23,080 --> 00:29:24,640
people...
433
00:29:26,600 --> 00:29:30,000
get killed, or hurt,
as a result of this activity.
434
00:29:30,400 --> 00:29:34,240
You try, as much as you can,
to prevent such cases.
435
00:29:34,720 --> 00:29:37,160
But this is espionage,
not the insurance business.
436
00:29:42,240 --> 00:29:44,720
In the early '70s,
I was in charge of a unit
437
00:29:44,960 --> 00:29:50,240
responsible for recruiting and handling
assets in Syria and Lebanon.
438
00:29:58,920 --> 00:30:02,560
Palestinian terrorists broke into
a high school in Ma'alot,
439
00:30:02,640 --> 00:30:05,440
where they abducted and murdered children,
440
00:30:06,200 --> 00:30:09,240
and we were preoccupied
with preventing them
441
00:30:09,400 --> 00:30:14,440
from entering Israel
and carrying out attacks.
442
00:30:18,880 --> 00:30:22,040
My guys recruited a Lebanese shepherd.
443
00:30:23,200 --> 00:30:26,560
A few months later, he came to a meeting
444
00:30:26,640 --> 00:30:29,160
and reported that he had been
approached by a Palestinian,
445
00:30:29,600 --> 00:30:31,200
a man who spoke
in the Palestinian dialect,
446
00:30:31,440 --> 00:30:36,600
who asked for information about
IDF manouevers in the border area.
447
00:30:38,600 --> 00:30:42,240
I told them to instruct him
to report everything he sees
448
00:30:42,840 --> 00:30:47,520
to the Palestinian terrorist organization
that handled him,
449
00:30:48,080 --> 00:30:50,640
with the assumption that anything
he could see, they could see as well.
450
00:30:51,480 --> 00:30:55,920
Then one day, they asked him to locate
a spot along the border fence,
451
00:30:56,120 --> 00:30:57,720
given his familiarity with the area,
452
00:30:57,960 --> 00:31:03,840
where they could sneak into Israel
and carry out an attack.
453
00:31:05,840 --> 00:31:08,720
He reported this to us,
and we chose a spot,
454
00:31:08,920 --> 00:31:10,840
in coordination with the IDF,
455
00:31:11,280 --> 00:31:15,120
we chose an appropriate spot
along the border fence
456
00:31:15,440 --> 00:31:19,320
where they could be met
with a very warm welcome.
457
00:31:23,320 --> 00:31:26,560
The night before the operation...
458
00:31:26,680 --> 00:31:29,000
he knew because they’d told him
when they were planning to do it,
459
00:31:29,240 --> 00:31:31,600
they informed him, quite cleverly,
460
00:31:32,320 --> 00:31:35,560
that he’d be joining them.
He would be part of the cell,
461
00:31:35,800 --> 00:31:38,640
because they wanted to insure themselves
against possible betrayal.
462
00:31:41,600 --> 00:31:45,120
If I'd told him to refuse,
they would have killed him.
463
00:31:46,520 --> 00:31:50,120
If I had snuck him into Israel,
him and his family,
464
00:31:51,320 --> 00:31:55,000
they would have crossed the border
a month or two later
465
00:31:55,360 --> 00:31:57,040
at a point I didn’t know about.
466
00:31:57,480 --> 00:31:59,240
So he obviously had to go with them.
467
00:31:59,640 --> 00:32:03,040
I told him, "As soon as you hear gunfire,
hit the deck.
468
00:32:03,600 --> 00:32:08,720
We have ways of identifying you
and making sure you don't get hit."
469
00:32:08,880 --> 00:32:12,240
This was, of course, pure fiction.
470
00:32:14,720 --> 00:32:18,400
I knew I was sending him
to his death, but...
471
00:32:19,280 --> 00:32:21,640
My job is to make sure that
472
00:32:22,080 --> 00:32:27,240
the children of Kibbutz Hanita
are safe from harm.
473
00:32:28,120 --> 00:32:31,520
So I made a cold, difficult decision
474
00:32:32,520 --> 00:32:36,000
and I sacrificed a pawn,
like in a game of chess.
475
00:32:43,680 --> 00:32:45,840
It doesn’t weigh on your conscience?
Do you feel remorse?
476
00:32:46,400 --> 00:32:48,720
Personally, of course,
I felt regret, since...
477
00:32:48,920 --> 00:32:54,720
he was killed
while serving us very loyally.
478
00:32:55,560 --> 00:32:59,560
But this is the kind of business
where you don't...
479
00:33:01,120 --> 00:33:03,120
Those kinds of considerations
don't get in the way
480
00:33:03,280 --> 00:33:04,720
of doing what you have to do.
481
00:33:05,440 --> 00:33:07,720
It's a rough business.
482
00:33:11,160 --> 00:33:13,160
Look, both the Mossad and the Shin Bet
483
00:33:13,280 --> 00:33:15,040
are organizations that operate
484
00:33:16,480 --> 00:33:18,840
within the culture of the region.
485
00:33:19,000 --> 00:33:24,400
There are actors here who...
You've got to be one of them. Like them.
486
00:33:24,560 --> 00:33:26,640
As they say in English,
“It takes one to know one."
487
00:33:27,320 --> 00:33:30,360
We have an adversary.
They're just as clever as us,
488
00:33:30,640 --> 00:33:32,040
just as ruthless as us,
489
00:33:32,160 --> 00:33:35,160
and each side is trying
to further its country's interests,
490
00:33:35,480 --> 00:33:36,960
by any means possible.
491
00:33:37,480 --> 00:33:41,240
You can't pretend to be...
492
00:33:44,680 --> 00:33:48,560
the Belgian Novelists' Association
and defeat Hezbollah
493
00:33:49,040 --> 00:33:50,840
with those values. It won't work.
494
00:33:52,000 --> 00:33:53,920
That's what we did in order to win.
495
00:33:54,520 --> 00:33:55,960
Winning isn't easy.
496
00:33:56,280 --> 00:33:57,600
Winning isn't easy.
497
00:34:03,480 --> 00:34:07,640
How can you know that an asset
won’t suddenly flip and betray you?
498
00:34:08,040 --> 00:34:11,160
Look, there’s never 100%
in these things.
499
00:34:11,680 --> 00:34:15,000
No agent is ever 100%.
500
00:34:15,080 --> 00:34:17,000
There's no such thing. I've never seen it.
501
00:34:17,160 --> 00:34:20,440
Anyone who handles assets
has to take into account
502
00:34:20,800 --> 00:34:23,840
that the asset might betray you.
503
00:34:24,920 --> 00:34:26,640
As a matter of fact,
these things happen.
504
00:34:30,000 --> 00:34:33,520
Zadok Ofir and Baruch Cohen
were excellent case officers.
505
00:34:35,000 --> 00:34:37,600
Zadok Ofir met with an asset.
506
00:34:37,880 --> 00:34:40,720
The asset, at a certain point,
became a double agent,
507
00:34:41,080 --> 00:34:44,840
pulled out a gun, and shot him
four times at point blank range.
508
00:34:45,200 --> 00:34:47,800
ISRAELI MURDERED IN CENTRAL MADRID
509
00:34:49,800 --> 00:34:52,120
-Baruch Cohen was in Madrid.
-What happened?
510
00:34:52,200 --> 00:34:55,600
He handled an asset,
and the asset… They said goodbye,
511
00:34:55,920 --> 00:34:59,400
and as he was leaving the cafe where
the meeting took place, someone shot him.
512
00:34:59,560 --> 00:35:02,440
The assumption is that
the asset had been exposed,
513
00:35:02,720 --> 00:35:06,600
and in order to protect himself,
he spilled the beans and betrayed us.
514
00:35:07,240 --> 00:35:09,440
How did you know
Ashraf Marwan wouldn't betray you?
515
00:35:12,800 --> 00:35:14,560
LONDON, OCTOBER 5, 1973
516
00:35:16,640 --> 00:35:18,960
Ashraf Marwan asked
517
00:35:19,440 --> 00:35:21,240
that I come to London,
518
00:35:21,400 --> 00:35:24,440
and said he wanted to inform us
about the war.
519
00:35:25,160 --> 00:35:26,640
-The '73 war.
-Yes.
520
00:35:29,400 --> 00:35:31,320
I decided to go to London,
521
00:35:31,720 --> 00:35:36,360
instead of attending a meeting
with the Prime Minister,
522
00:35:37,240 --> 00:35:40,440
with the head of Military Intelligence,
the Defense Minister,
523
00:35:40,840 --> 00:35:42,600
and the IDF Commander-in-Chief.
524
00:35:42,880 --> 00:35:44,160
Let me tell you why.
525
00:35:45,320 --> 00:35:48,720
When an intelligence man hears
526
00:35:49,560 --> 00:35:53,640
from a source that he trusts,
527
00:35:55,160 --> 00:36:00,160
that war is on the horizon,
with the date already set,
528
00:36:02,080 --> 00:36:04,840
he is obligated to sound a warning,
529
00:36:05,880 --> 00:36:08,640
to ring all the bells, that war is coming.
530
00:36:11,880 --> 00:36:15,440
I had done that once before,
in mid-May.
531
00:36:16,600 --> 00:36:17,960
I was wrong.
532
00:36:19,960 --> 00:36:22,000
They had a field day
at military intelligence.
533
00:36:23,000 --> 00:36:26,720
"Zvi Zamir is dragging us into war."
534
00:36:27,400 --> 00:36:30,040
I told my friends at the Mossad
535
00:36:31,000 --> 00:36:35,040
that we would continue
to do our duty.
536
00:36:40,280 --> 00:36:43,640
I was constantly on the lookout
for signs of double-dealing.
537
00:36:43,840 --> 00:36:48,440
Signs of dishonesty
that you could see or hear.
538
00:36:49,280 --> 00:36:50,920
-I couldn't find any with him.
-Such as?
539
00:36:51,080 --> 00:36:53,960
Such as the story with the gun.
540
00:36:54,720 --> 00:36:59,320
His handler noticed a bulge in his shirt.
541
00:37:00,200 --> 00:37:02,920
So he said,
"What's that in your shirt?"
542
00:37:03,240 --> 00:37:04,800
He had a gun.
543
00:37:07,200 --> 00:37:10,840
And Zvika Zamir, director of Mossad,
544
00:37:11,080 --> 00:37:15,040
was sitting with an Arab asset
who had a gun in his pocket.
545
00:37:16,120 --> 00:37:18,920
He could’ve pulled out the gun
and killed Zvika Zamir,
546
00:37:19,120 --> 00:37:21,320
the handler, and maybe someone else, too.
547
00:37:21,640 --> 00:37:25,560
I’ve never heard of another
intelligence organization whose director
548
00:37:25,680 --> 00:37:29,440
would meet with a foreign asset
armed with a gun in his pocket.
549
00:37:31,000 --> 00:37:32,360
Just imagine, for a moment,
550
00:37:32,840 --> 00:37:35,360
that he’d killed Zvika Zamir
551
00:37:35,520 --> 00:37:38,640
in some flat in London,
along with 1-2 other people.
552
00:37:39,080 --> 00:37:40,600
Imagine what would have happened.
553
00:37:41,600 --> 00:37:44,240
A double agent
would certainly have done it.
554
00:37:45,520 --> 00:37:50,040
But why is the director of the Mossad
meeting with an asset in the first place?
555
00:37:50,200 --> 00:37:53,400
Does the director of the Mossad
often meet with assets in person?
556
00:37:53,600 --> 00:37:57,640
Look, I won't go into detail.
I don't like this line of questioning.
557
00:37:59,120 --> 00:38:01,520
Was it unusual to meet
with an asset like that?
558
00:38:02,360 --> 00:38:04,160
First of all, I don't want to tell you.
559
00:38:04,960 --> 00:38:07,000
-The answer is...
-Weren't you worried he'd betray you?
560
00:38:07,480 --> 00:38:08,320
No.
561
00:38:15,320 --> 00:38:16,800
We were in London.
562
00:38:17,680 --> 00:38:23,520
And I interrogated him about everything
he had told us in the past.
563
00:38:25,720 --> 00:38:29,920
And then we double-checked.
And I double-checked.
564
00:38:30,280 --> 00:38:32,560
And I said to myself, "Zvi Zamir,
565
00:38:32,800 --> 00:38:35,600
You'd better alert the whole country.
566
00:38:36,680 --> 00:38:40,160
Let the people go straight
from prayer service to war,
567
00:38:41,320 --> 00:38:46,000
because this piece of intelligence
is crucially important."
568
00:38:50,160 --> 00:38:51,520
On the 5th...
569
00:38:53,240 --> 00:38:54,400
I’m in London.
570
00:38:54,640 --> 00:38:59,520
I wrote a 5-line telegram.
571
00:39:00,080 --> 00:39:01,840
THE COMPANY STILL INTENDS
572
00:39:02,200 --> 00:39:05,000
TO SIGN THE CONTRACT.
THEY KNOW TOMORROW'S A HOLIDAY.
573
00:39:05,240 --> 00:39:06,440
In which I wrote...
574
00:39:06,640 --> 00:39:09,120
THE ANGEL THINKS THAT
THE CHANCES OF SIGNING ARE 99.9%
575
00:39:09,280 --> 00:39:10,840
...that war would break out,
576
00:39:11,160 --> 00:39:13,360
while knowing full well
577
00:39:14,000 --> 00:39:19,360
that if this information
turns out to be wrong,
578
00:39:19,520 --> 00:39:21,440
as people here thought at the time,
579
00:39:22,040 --> 00:39:24,120
I'd be stoned to death
580
00:39:25,240 --> 00:39:28,200
for pulling the Jews out of synagogue.
581
00:39:29,240 --> 00:39:33,400
That is a transgression which,
under current standards,
582
00:39:33,920 --> 00:39:35,240
is punishable by death.
583
00:39:37,800 --> 00:39:41,000
I left no address.
584
00:39:41,560 --> 00:39:43,720
I was unreachable by phone.
585
00:39:43,880 --> 00:39:47,440
"I'm unavailable.
This is my message to you. You decide."
586
00:39:51,120 --> 00:39:53,440
YOM KIPPUR WAR,
OCTOBER 6, 1973
587
00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:02,840
Eventually, they decided to do it.
588
00:40:03,160 --> 00:40:04,720
They acted too late.
589
00:40:05,160 --> 00:40:06,600
We paid in blood.
590
00:40:22,440 --> 00:40:23,960
Ever since the '73 war,
591
00:40:24,160 --> 00:40:28,440
there’s been an ongoing debate over who's
to blame for the failure of deterrence.
592
00:40:29,040 --> 00:40:32,160
At the same time, Ashraf Marwan's name
was made public.
593
00:40:33,080 --> 00:40:35,840
He worked with us for many years.
594
00:40:37,000 --> 00:40:40,240
He remained an Israeli asset
even after the '73 war.
595
00:40:40,960 --> 00:40:43,320
He worked... No problem.
When did the trouble start?
596
00:40:43,560 --> 00:40:45,120
When it was made public.
597
00:40:47,000 --> 00:40:49,320
CAIRO, DECEMBER 21, 2007
598
00:40:49,400 --> 00:40:52,360
On Wednesday, Ashraf Marwan
died in London,
599
00:40:52,480 --> 00:40:54,760
the son-in-law of the former
Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser.
600
00:40:55,880 --> 00:40:58,160
Suicide or murder?
British police are investigating
601
00:40:58,320 --> 00:41:00,600
the death of Ashraf Marwan,
602
00:41:00,800 --> 00:41:03,240
who collaborated with the Mossad
during the 1973 war.
603
00:41:03,720 --> 00:41:06,400
Ashraf Marwan was a national asset,
604
00:41:06,920 --> 00:41:11,040
and we Israelis are guilty
605
00:41:11,120 --> 00:41:13,360
of not properly protecting him.
606
00:41:13,920 --> 00:41:16,240
THE MOSSAD AGENT WAS
SADA'S CHIEF OF STAFF
607
00:41:16,520 --> 00:41:22,320
Every reporter felt the need
to throw his name around everywhere.
608
00:41:22,400 --> 00:41:23,320
THEIR MAN IN CAIRO
609
00:41:23,480 --> 00:41:27,040
Who he was, what he was,
how he made contact...
610
00:41:27,360 --> 00:41:29,520
And we begged them to stop.
611
00:41:30,800 --> 00:41:33,120
What we know about Ashraf Marwan
612
00:41:33,480 --> 00:41:36,520
is that he felt, as they say,
Emotional Distress,
613
00:41:37,240 --> 00:41:39,600
Because of the charges
raised against him recently,
614
00:41:39,840 --> 00:41:42,520
According to which he acted as a double
agent in the service of Egypt and Israel.
615
00:41:43,080 --> 00:41:46,320
Even after they started talking about him,
he still hoped they would stop,
616
00:41:46,520 --> 00:41:50,600
but they kept on talking about him. The
Israeli press kept pumping the story up,
617
00:41:50,720 --> 00:41:52,840
until someone came
and threw him out the window.
618
00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:57,360
It’s one of the worst
Israeli intelligence failures,
619
00:41:57,480 --> 00:42:00,640
the name of an intelligence asset
being made public.
620
00:42:00,960 --> 00:42:04,440
The world is concluding
that Israel is unable
621
00:42:05,000 --> 00:42:09,440
to protect its assets' identities. Who
would want to work with such a country?
622
00:42:11,480 --> 00:42:12,840
We gave him away.
623
00:42:17,000 --> 00:42:18,040
What...
624
00:42:24,000 --> 00:42:25,240
Looking back,
625
00:42:25,440 --> 00:42:28,960
can you tell us about a dilemma,
or an instance of remorse,
626
00:42:29,120 --> 00:42:33,000
that you experienced in your
work with an asset?
627
00:42:37,520 --> 00:42:39,840
I'll tell you about
a dilemma in retrospect.
628
00:42:42,560 --> 00:42:45,040
I was sitting at home, in Israel.
629
00:42:46,720 --> 00:42:48,240
I had two little children.
630
00:42:50,640 --> 00:42:53,720
My wife and I
were feeding them cornflakes,
631
00:42:53,960 --> 00:42:55,960
before going to work,
and sending them to kindergarten.
632
00:42:56,280 --> 00:42:58,720
I was feeding one kid,
and my wife was feeding the other.
633
00:43:02,240 --> 00:43:03,640
I had one eye on the paper.
634
00:43:04,480 --> 00:43:08,520
In the paper, I see a picture
of an Arab I knew, hanged.
635
00:43:09,480 --> 00:43:11,800
His country had captured him
and hanged him.
636
00:43:13,160 --> 00:43:15,960
Have you ever seen someone you knew,
hanged? You haven't.
637
00:43:16,120 --> 00:43:19,040
So, there he was, hanged.
I remembered him.
638
00:43:19,560 --> 00:43:23,720
I remembered my dealings with him.
I thought, "Was I OK?
639
00:43:24,520 --> 00:43:25,920
Am I to blame here?
640
00:43:26,640 --> 00:43:30,520
Was he caught because of a mistake of his?
Because of a mistake of ours?
641
00:43:30,840 --> 00:43:34,840
Was he caught because
his country's intelligence services
642
00:43:35,640 --> 00:43:39,160
are better and more sophisticated
than ours?" Anything's possible.
643
00:43:42,080 --> 00:43:44,120
-Was he an asset that you recruited?
-Yes.
644
00:43:44,200 --> 00:43:45,960
-Did you have a long relationship?
-Yes.
645
00:43:47,000 --> 00:43:47,960
Where was he from?
646
00:43:49,280 --> 00:43:50,120
It doesn’t matter.
647
00:43:52,440 --> 00:43:54,640
Did your wife know that that hanged man
had something to do with you?
648
00:43:54,800 --> 00:43:58,720
I didn't tell her.
649
00:44:00,120 --> 00:44:04,400
She noticed that I started
feeding the kid more slowly,
650
00:44:04,920 --> 00:44:06,840
so she said, "Hurry up, we're late!”
651
00:44:07,400 --> 00:44:10,400
I kept on feeding my kid,
at the appropriate speed.
652
00:44:11,600 --> 00:44:13,560
A minute later, I moved on with my life.
653
00:44:13,840 --> 00:44:16,560
Everything passes. It doesn't...
654
00:44:17,880 --> 00:44:18,720
That's life.
655
00:44:21,240 --> 00:44:23,440
One minute passes
and you’ve moved on with your life?
656
00:44:23,720 --> 00:44:28,240
Look, when he agreed to do it,
he knew about the risks involved.
657
00:44:28,960 --> 00:44:31,240
He reaped the benefits
he had hoped for.
658
00:44:32,200 --> 00:44:35,040
The possibility that it would happen
was in the air.
659
00:44:35,960 --> 00:44:36,920
And it happened.
660
00:44:37,560 --> 00:44:39,920
Usually, it doesn't happen.
To him, it happened.
661
00:44:41,840 --> 00:44:44,040
That's a very cold way
to look at the world.
662
00:44:44,360 --> 00:44:47,000
Mossad gives you that.
663
00:44:47,440 --> 00:44:49,640
If I look at the ways
that I've changed along the way,
664
00:44:49,880 --> 00:44:51,160
it's in those directions.
665
00:44:51,520 --> 00:44:55,600
My wife tells me, "You've lost your...
You don't hear the birds chirping.
666
00:44:55,720 --> 00:44:59,240
You're not open.
You're cold. You're distrustful.
667
00:44:59,920 --> 00:45:01,440
You're evil.”
668
00:45:02,080 --> 00:45:04,120
It's all true. It's all true.
669
00:45:19,680 --> 00:45:22,840
How did you feel when you heard
Ashraf Marwan had been killed?
670
00:45:23,200 --> 00:45:24,920
I felt sorrow.
671
00:45:26,640 --> 00:45:27,640
Great sorrow.
672
00:45:29,200 --> 00:45:31,040
I didn't rat him out.
673
00:45:32,680 --> 00:45:34,240
I defended him.
674
00:45:35,800 --> 00:45:38,240
I was, to a large extent...
675
00:45:41,520 --> 00:45:44,840
it's funny to say, but...
676
00:45:47,880 --> 00:45:50,200
Someone he could lean on.
677
00:45:50,840 --> 00:45:54,040
And we were...
I'm telling you, we were friends.
678
00:45:56,240 --> 00:46:00,200
Do you think a handler and an asset
can develop an intimate relationship?
679
00:46:00,680 --> 00:46:02,600
Do you think an asset
can become a friend?
680
00:46:02,920 --> 00:46:05,040
A friend? What are you talking about?
681
00:46:05,720 --> 00:46:07,560
An agent isn't...
682
00:46:08,520 --> 00:46:12,040
a true friend.
He's your friend for the moment.
683
00:46:12,360 --> 00:46:13,440
Your friend for the moment.
684
00:46:13,520 --> 00:46:17,360
You must be very wary
of growing close to an asset.
685
00:46:17,440 --> 00:46:20,440
That's true of handlers,
and also of Mossad directors.
686
00:46:22,440 --> 00:46:23,720
If you know what I mean.
687
00:46:27,480 --> 00:46:28,960
This work,
688
00:46:30,000 --> 00:46:35,040
the handling of assets,
689
00:46:36,840 --> 00:46:39,000
involves a lot of wisdom.
690
00:46:40,640 --> 00:46:43,240
And different people
behave in different ways.
691
00:46:44,640 --> 00:46:47,040
And I do as I do.
692
00:46:51,320 --> 00:46:56,440
That’s it. Enough. I've already said
much more than I was going to.
693
00:47:46,280 --> 00:47:48,280
Subtitle translation by
693
00:47:49,305 --> 00:47:55,838
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