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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,530 --> 00:00:05,850 In this section we're going to be looking at archiving and compassion. 2 00:00:06,050 --> 00:00:08,570 The difference between archiving and compression. 3 00:00:08,570 --> 00:00:12,500 So the objectives here are to understand the difference between these two. 4 00:00:12,560 --> 00:00:17,090 And to learn how to archive compress and decompress files and folders. 5 00:00:17,390 --> 00:00:23,870 Let me start by explaining the difference between the two terms archiving and compression I think started 6 00:00:23,990 --> 00:00:27,060 a while back in the early days of Unix. 7 00:00:28,110 --> 00:00:34,740 System administrators used to back up files and folders and put them on tapes. 8 00:00:34,740 --> 00:00:39,560 These tapes will be stored away just in case the backup was needed at any point in time. 9 00:00:39,600 --> 00:00:44,460 Say for example there was a system lost some files get lost or corrupted. 10 00:00:44,460 --> 00:00:49,640 They would bring back the tape and would restore the files and folders that are needed. 11 00:00:49,860 --> 00:00:53,130 Obviously that applies to a lot more than just files and folders. 12 00:00:53,130 --> 00:00:56,100 So we're talking about databases for example. 13 00:00:56,430 --> 00:01:03,480 But let's not complicate things too much so archiving in essence was only about taking a back up of 14 00:01:03,480 --> 00:01:06,330 the files and folders that we were interested in. 15 00:01:06,330 --> 00:01:12,570 However what would happen is that these files and folders would be copied to that tape and they would 16 00:01:12,570 --> 00:01:18,030 still be the same file size and the same for their size as they were originally on the system. 17 00:01:18,090 --> 00:01:24,050 So let's say for example I'm backing up my documents and My Documents are 20 megs in size. 18 00:01:24,060 --> 00:01:30,360 For example if I back them up on a tape or I archive them on the tape they would still be the exact 19 00:01:30,360 --> 00:01:33,650 same size 20 megs compression. 20 00:01:33,660 --> 00:01:41,870 However as the name implies would compress the flaws in a way that they would take up less space. 21 00:01:41,960 --> 00:01:47,940 So if I compress my documents they might end up for example being 15 makes instead of 20. 22 00:01:48,170 --> 00:01:55,370 And that way they will take less space on my archive tapes and that would end up saving me money because 23 00:01:55,370 --> 00:01:57,650 I wouldn't have to be buying more tapes. 24 00:01:57,650 --> 00:02:00,960 I would be saving space on tapes and thus I'd be saving money. 25 00:02:01,130 --> 00:02:05,570 And this is why it's very often that you're going to be seeing these technologies or these two commands 26 00:02:05,870 --> 00:02:07,740 being used in conjunction. 27 00:02:07,850 --> 00:02:13,660 It's rare that you see archiving being used without compression. 28 00:02:13,880 --> 00:02:18,050 So that was the original purpose of archiving and compression. 29 00:02:18,050 --> 00:02:21,100 However on top of that an ethical hacking. 30 00:02:21,110 --> 00:02:24,270 We use it for slightly different purposes as well. 31 00:02:24,470 --> 00:02:29,080 Here's the post exploitation tip for the section after the compromise a host. 32 00:02:29,180 --> 00:02:34,950 It's very often that you will be needing to upload and download files if you remember the section on 33 00:02:34,950 --> 00:02:36,570 package management. 34 00:02:36,840 --> 00:02:39,730 I told you that Nessus is not installed by default on kalee. 35 00:02:39,900 --> 00:02:44,100 As a matter of fact it's not installed by default on almost all Linux systems. 36 00:02:44,430 --> 00:02:48,990 So let's say for example you come across a Linux system that you managed to break into your compromise 37 00:02:49,560 --> 00:02:58,530 and you want to use it as a stepping stone C can scan another network using Nazis or unmap but unfortunately 38 00:02:58,530 --> 00:03:05,940 these tools on are found on that system where you need to do in that case is get that tool and uploaded 39 00:03:05,960 --> 00:03:08,060 on the compromised system. 40 00:03:08,060 --> 00:03:12,900 Assuming for example that that system doesn't have internet connectivity which could be the case. 41 00:03:12,950 --> 00:03:18,200 And some of corporate environments we discuss that's been argued before and I told you earlier and the 42 00:03:18,200 --> 00:03:23,750 package management section that they were hearing back then about how we upload and download files that's 43 00:03:23,750 --> 00:03:28,160 going to be for a different chapter in the course now we get to that. 44 00:03:28,310 --> 00:03:34,520 So you will come across interviews where you would have to upload or download files or folders or tools 45 00:03:34,630 --> 00:03:41,430 a compromise system and other scenario for example as you compromisers system but you don't have root 46 00:03:41,460 --> 00:03:44,140 access you compromises as a regular user. 47 00:03:44,370 --> 00:03:49,650 You will need to upload a privilege escalation exploit that will be an exploit that if you run will 48 00:03:49,650 --> 00:03:51,370 give you root access. 49 00:03:51,480 --> 00:03:57,770 You might also as an ethical hacker or as a penetration doesn't have to upload or download profiles. 50 00:03:58,020 --> 00:04:02,010 So that would be as an ideal for example that you would be assigned to target and as a proof you need 51 00:04:02,010 --> 00:04:06,400 to break into that target and create textfiles saying that you were there. 52 00:04:07,550 --> 00:04:10,200 So the scenarios are endless really. 53 00:04:10,410 --> 00:04:16,530 But what's really sure and certain is that you will definitely be in situations where you will have 54 00:04:16,530 --> 00:04:21,810 to upload or download faster systems that are not connected to the internet so you cannot just browse 55 00:04:21,810 --> 00:04:25,920 to anyone that you want and download files on that system. 56 00:04:26,110 --> 00:04:29,410 You're going to have to do that using your colonics. 57 00:04:30,210 --> 00:04:37,200 Usually the first option we go to if it's available as the SS H is pretty convenient it allows you to 58 00:04:37,200 --> 00:04:38,350 log in remotely. 59 00:04:38,370 --> 00:04:43,370 You can use it to upload files download files and do pretty much anything that you want. 60 00:04:43,380 --> 00:04:51,110 The second option if S-sh is not available as a DTP So here I'm talking about turning your Linux box 61 00:04:51,530 --> 00:04:53,280 into a web server. 62 00:04:54,900 --> 00:04:58,310 Now there are many other ways that we discuss in advanced courses. 63 00:04:58,350 --> 00:05:03,870 So for example if it's a Windows system you can take advantage of a script and polish if it's other 64 00:05:03,940 --> 00:05:10,730 of systems how he can take advantage of TFT or FTB and so on. 65 00:05:10,760 --> 00:05:16,770 Needless to say after I talked about oh that uploading one file at a time or downloading one file at 66 00:05:16,790 --> 00:05:19,330 time is going to be a big hassle. 67 00:05:19,670 --> 00:05:22,880 And this is what archiving and compression comes in handy. 68 00:05:23,300 --> 00:05:29,780 So let's look at the archiving tool and the next archiving tool is called Tott which is short actually 69 00:05:29,780 --> 00:05:33,430 for tape archive to create an archive. 70 00:05:33,470 --> 00:05:38,500 You use tie see 48 to append an archive. 71 00:05:38,600 --> 00:05:43,270 In other words to add files or for others to you archive that's already been created. 72 00:05:43,360 --> 00:05:44,550 Use the option. 73 00:05:44,560 --> 00:05:50,180 So tired or to list the contents of an archive without extracting it. 74 00:05:50,180 --> 00:05:51,790 You just want to see what's in it. 75 00:05:51,830 --> 00:05:57,810 You use tot T taught X is to extract the archive. 76 00:05:57,860 --> 00:05:59,820 V is for verbose. 77 00:05:59,830 --> 00:06:03,720 It gives you information on the progress on what's going on top. 78 00:06:03,740 --> 00:06:07,810 F is used to specify the name of the file that you want. 79 00:06:07,970 --> 00:06:16,490 If we want to compress our archive we use one of two tools usually either a zip or zip to Jesus is the 80 00:06:16,490 --> 00:06:23,430 classic compression and Linux BS that too has more powerful compression but it takes a little bit more 81 00:06:23,430 --> 00:06:25,500 time to compress. 82 00:06:25,500 --> 00:06:28,020 Now frankly speaking the difference is negligible. 83 00:06:28,020 --> 00:06:32,510 You wouldn't really notice any difference if you're working on small files. 84 00:06:32,610 --> 00:06:36,440 You might notice a small difference if you walk in on far as of massive size. 85 00:06:36,570 --> 00:06:39,900 But for our purpose the difference really is negligible. 86 00:06:39,930 --> 00:06:45,810 So as you experiment more with Linux you will come across websites where you can download tools to play 87 00:06:45,810 --> 00:06:51,720 around with and it's very often that you're going to find these tools compressed and archived and Jees 88 00:06:51,770 --> 00:06:54,450 that format always a format. 89 00:06:54,450 --> 00:07:00,680 Here are some examples that we're going to be using practically in a moment to create an archive. 90 00:07:00,690 --> 00:07:08,660 You use the Taurasi like we said C is for create V is for verbose and F is for the filename. 91 00:07:08,670 --> 00:07:15,480 So in this example I'm doing taht c v f the archive name whatever I choose to name it. 92 00:07:15,480 --> 00:07:21,000 So in this instance calling it archive have taught and the files and directories that I want to archive 93 00:07:21,270 --> 00:07:26,150 file one file to deal one and the two. 94 00:07:26,170 --> 00:07:31,660 Now if you notice I change the colors of the first letters and this is just for you to be able to easily 95 00:07:31,660 --> 00:07:37,230 spot the difference between archiving and compression and the different options that we're using. 96 00:07:37,240 --> 00:07:41,470 You might also have noticed that I'm not using the minus here. 97 00:07:41,520 --> 00:07:43,440 We've seen that one is being used all the time. 98 00:07:43,440 --> 00:07:50,580 For example when using ls I'm using ls minus a L when I'm using or am I'm using odd minus odd F for 99 00:07:50,620 --> 00:07:51,600 the options. 100 00:07:51,610 --> 00:07:56,490 Torah is one of the very few tools that I don't have to use the minus one I'm using an option. 101 00:07:56,820 --> 00:07:59,570 So carrying on to list the contents of an archive. 102 00:07:59,580 --> 00:08:05,040 We said it's taught T and Vitthal verbose and F as the filename. 103 00:08:05,400 --> 00:08:08,460 So notice that it's pretty much all constant. 104 00:08:08,460 --> 00:08:11,180 The only thing changing is the first letter. 105 00:08:11,580 --> 00:08:15,730 If I want to bend or add a file or directory it's Todd R.. 106 00:08:16,170 --> 00:08:21,480 That's the only thing that's changing via's still constant f still canceling the filename is constant 107 00:08:21,960 --> 00:08:26,930 and whatever I'm adding at the end let's see how that looks like practically. 108 00:08:27,210 --> 00:08:30,780 I've created three different directories and three different files. 109 00:08:30,840 --> 00:08:33,900 Some like to start by creating the archive to do that. 110 00:08:33,900 --> 00:08:42,020 I want to use that thought see create V for verbose and F for the file name and this case my filename 111 00:08:42,150 --> 00:08:43,070 is archived. 112 00:08:43,120 --> 00:08:54,950 Todd and whatever I want to archive did one dir to find one and file to because I've used the V option 113 00:08:54,950 --> 00:08:56,320 which is for verbose. 114 00:08:56,480 --> 00:08:59,160 I get a list of what's been archived. 115 00:08:59,180 --> 00:09:05,710 I notice that automatically did one and it's subdirectory and the two and add subdirectory archived. 116 00:09:05,870 --> 00:09:09,830 Now let me list the content of the archive just to verify what I have. 117 00:09:10,340 --> 00:09:16,530 And for that I use the tired t to list and then the remaining is still the same. 118 00:09:16,610 --> 00:09:20,510 The F and the Archive name perfect. 119 00:09:20,510 --> 00:09:22,730 Now let's say I want to append my archive. 120 00:09:22,790 --> 00:09:27,010 I forgot to add D.S. 3 and 5 3 append to my archive. 121 00:09:27,020 --> 00:09:31,890 I use the auto option so taught by V.F. is still the same. 122 00:09:31,930 --> 00:09:39,590 Like I have is still the same and whatever I want to add to my archive years 3 and 5 3 I will verify 123 00:09:39,590 --> 00:09:41,540 that again using that thought. 124 00:09:41,570 --> 00:09:44,210 T the F and the Archive name. 125 00:09:44,210 --> 00:09:45,830 And here we go. 126 00:09:45,830 --> 00:09:49,840 Now I have all the contents of my directory in the archive. 127 00:09:49,850 --> 00:09:51,850 Let me keep it on the screen. 128 00:09:52,880 --> 00:10:03,650 I'm going to create a directory called backup and copy my archive file into the backup directory. 129 00:10:03,650 --> 00:10:09,310 Now I'm going to navigate to the backup directory and all I have in that directory is just the file 130 00:10:09,340 --> 00:10:10,650 or the archive file. 131 00:10:11,040 --> 00:10:14,640 And I'm going to show you now how to extract files and folders. 132 00:10:14,680 --> 00:10:19,690 First of all let's say I want to extract only one file or only one folder. 133 00:10:19,870 --> 00:10:22,050 I don't want to extract the entire archive. 134 00:10:23,700 --> 00:10:25,460 I would still use the same command. 135 00:10:25,620 --> 00:10:28,300 Tor X for extract. 136 00:10:28,410 --> 00:10:35,640 The F which is still the same verbose filename the filename on the top and whatever I want to extract. 137 00:10:35,640 --> 00:10:41,610 In this case 5:3 if I do an s or see that file 3 is not extracted. 138 00:10:41,610 --> 00:10:44,060 Let me try that again with dier 3 139 00:10:48,580 --> 00:10:52,610 if I do as I have the three extracted as well. 140 00:10:52,760 --> 00:10:53,300 Excellent. 141 00:10:53,300 --> 00:10:58,430 So you don't actually have to extract everything you can pick and choose whatever you want to extract 142 00:10:59,090 --> 00:11:01,370 if I want to extract everything I say. 143 00:11:01,370 --> 00:11:05,770 Todd x4 extract V.F. and the archive name. 144 00:11:05,900 --> 00:11:06,790 And here we go. 145 00:11:06,920 --> 00:11:09,110 Extract everything. 146 00:11:09,110 --> 00:11:12,730 I'll clear the screen and I'm going to go back to the temp directory. 147 00:11:12,740 --> 00:11:17,810 Let me show you what's on my desktop doing unless home desktop. 148 00:11:17,860 --> 00:11:24,210 There's nothing that it's empty so let's say I'm now in my time that actually and I want to extract 149 00:11:24,210 --> 00:11:26,060 my archive but I want to do that. 150 00:11:26,100 --> 00:11:29,320 I wanted to extract that files to be on the desktop. 151 00:11:29,400 --> 00:11:32,280 I don't want them to be in the time that actually do that. 152 00:11:32,280 --> 00:11:38,760 I can specify the data to do what I want to extract using minus capital C option. 153 00:11:39,390 --> 00:11:40,980 So the command is tied. 154 00:11:41,060 --> 00:11:50,820 SDF archive name minus capital C and the destination directory. 155 00:11:50,830 --> 00:11:54,460 So now everything that I extracted on my desktop. 156 00:11:54,460 --> 00:12:02,680 Now let's say I want to archive and compress the files I'm going to start with the GC files to create 157 00:12:02,680 --> 00:12:03,280 those. 158 00:12:03,400 --> 00:12:03,790 I do. 159 00:12:03,800 --> 00:12:12,400 Todd z and z will be always used when we're dealing with the GC files or is that if you are British 160 00:12:13,450 --> 00:12:15,430 and the rest is going to be the same. 161 00:12:15,430 --> 00:12:18,960 So that's the way to memorize these commands easily. 162 00:12:19,110 --> 00:12:20,760 And this is what it looks like. 163 00:12:21,390 --> 00:12:23,500 Todd Z. 164 00:12:23,520 --> 00:12:28,780 C v f compressed dot dot dot. 165 00:12:28,860 --> 00:12:30,770 GZ and the files. 166 00:12:30,770 --> 00:12:31,940 I want to archive 167 00:12:37,430 --> 00:12:42,190 if I want to use visit to instead of Z. 168 00:12:42,300 --> 00:12:52,650 I use J and said exactly the same for the rest of the commands notice though that I do change the extension. 169 00:12:52,690 --> 00:12:53,410 And here we go. 170 00:12:53,410 --> 00:13:03,450 Now I have two different files compressed and zipped list again it's TV f if I want to list Jeezy files 171 00:13:03,540 --> 00:13:10,210 I do Z CVF and if I want a list Baeza to I use J. 172 00:13:10,420 --> 00:13:11,220 CVF 173 00:13:20,060 --> 00:13:22,120 Let's see how the extraction works. 174 00:13:22,130 --> 00:13:31,880 First I'm going to create a directory called Jeezy and I'll copy the compressed file to the directory. 175 00:13:32,040 --> 00:13:37,000 Man I'm going to see neither the directory. 176 00:13:37,070 --> 00:13:38,240 So if I want to extract. 177 00:13:38,270 --> 00:13:39,670 You should know how to do that when out. 178 00:13:39,700 --> 00:13:44,560 It's Todd Z for the GZ files and then x4 extract the. 179 00:13:44,570 --> 00:13:46,340 And at. 180 00:13:46,490 --> 00:13:49,030 And I can specify the file name if I want 181 00:13:52,680 --> 00:13:57,840 or I can extract everything if I so choose. 182 00:13:57,910 --> 00:14:05,250 I do I'll ask to verify that they go back and let me do the same thing with the busy easy file. 183 00:14:05,430 --> 00:14:08,100 So I'm going to create a directory called visit 184 00:14:13,010 --> 00:14:16,130 and this case I'm going to copy it to the directory. 185 00:14:16,220 --> 00:14:19,630 I'm going to use the minus see option that we saw earlier. 186 00:14:19,940 --> 00:14:22,330 So again Todd J. 187 00:14:22,370 --> 00:14:31,310 This time because it's a busy busy file x4 extract the f the name of the file minus capital C and the 188 00:14:31,310 --> 00:14:32,810 destination directory. 189 00:14:33,230 --> 00:14:35,780 I do s to verify it. 190 00:14:36,260 --> 00:14:40,510 By the way here's the cool thing that you might have noticed when I'm typing. 191 00:14:41,000 --> 00:14:42,370 J. 192 00:14:42,830 --> 00:14:49,970 Z F and I type the name on the file and I hit tab for auto completion tab will automatically complete 193 00:14:50,000 --> 00:14:51,680 with the correct extension. 194 00:14:51,860 --> 00:14:53,140 So if I'm using j. 195 00:14:54,020 --> 00:14:57,160 It automatically completes the beezy to file. 196 00:14:57,350 --> 00:15:02,560 If I'm using the Z X-Fi it automatically completes the GC file. 197 00:15:03,480 --> 00:15:05,370 All right so that was it. 198 00:15:05,370 --> 00:15:09,300 To see how we can upload and download these files to the victim machine. 199 00:15:09,300 --> 00:15:11,280 You're going to have to wait for part two. 20808