All language subtitles for Years of Living Dangerously S01E01 1080p AMZN WEBRip AAC2 0 x264-herkz_track3_[eng]

Ford: WE HAD TO MAKE 'EM DUCK,
DIDN'T WE?

Pilot: THERE YA GO.

Ford:
TODAY I GET TO FLY ON A JET

THAT WAS ORIGINALLY DESIGNED
FOR WAR.

NOW NASA'S USING IT
FOR A PEACEFUL MISSION,

BUT THE STAKES ARE JUST AS HIGH.

IF YOU CAN WRITE DOWN OUR TIME
AT THE 5,000-FOOT MARK.

Man: RIGHT, SIR.

5,000. 21:43.

OUR TASK IS TO COLLECT
AIR SAMPLES

THAT MEASURE GREENHOUSE GASES
IN THE ATMOSPHERE,

THE MAIN CAUSE
OF CLIMATE CHANGE.

OKAY,
YOU HAVE THE CONTROLS.

I HAVE THE AIRPLANE.

CAN I HEAD DOWN
THIS LITTLE VALLEY?

YOU CAN TAKE THIS CANYON
RIGHT HERE.

WOULDN'T WANT TO MISS THIS.

BEAUTIFUL THING.

FOR OVER 20 YEARS,

I'VE SERVED ON THE BOARD OF
CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL.

SO THIS ISN'T THE FIRST TIME

I'VE WORRIED ABOUT THREATS
TO OUR PLANET.

BUT THIS IS A CHANCE
FOR ME TO SEE UP CLOSE

HOW SCIENTISTS
STUDY CLIMATE CHANGE...

AND WHAT IT ALL MEANS.

YOU WERE MEASURING FOR US
METHANE AND CO2.

WHEN YOU SEE THESE LEVELS
GOING UP,

YOU'RE A CLIMATE SCIENTIST,

HOW DO YOU FEEL
ABOUT WHAT'S HAPPENING?

PERSONALLY,
IT'S PRETTY SCARY. YEAH.

THE WORLD IS GOING TO BE
SUFFERING IN A LOT OF WAYS

FROM THIS PHYSICAL REALITY
FOR A LONG TIME TO COME.

Cheadle: IT'S 10:00 A.M.
ON MARCH 16, 2013.

THIS HAS BECOME A WEEKLY RITUAL.

EACH SATURDAY, THESE PEOPLE
WALK THE FOUR MILES

AROUND THE CARGILL MEAT-PACKING
PLANT ON THE EDGE OF TOWN.

THEY'RE PRAYING FOR RAIN
AND FOR THE PLANT TO REOPEN.

SIX WEEKS AGO, IT CLOSED,

AND OVERNIGHT, 10% OF THE AREA'S
ENTIRE WORK FORCE WAS LAID OFF.

IT SHUT DOWN BECAUSE
OF A THREE-YEAR DROUGHT

THAT DEVASTATED THE CATTLE HERD
HERE IN TEXAS.

AND WITHOUT COWS, YOU CAN'T RUN
A MEAT-PACKING PLANT.

Man:
FATHER, WE -- WE PRAY FOR THE
SITUATION IN CARGILL, MY GOD,

'CAUSE AS YOU BRING THE
MOISTURE, AS YOU BRING THE RAIN,

CONDITIONS WILL CHANGE, MY GOD.

BECAUSE IT'S YOUR RAIN,
IT'S YOUR SPIRIT...

Cheadle:
IN A LOT OF THE COUNTRY,

SOMETHING LIKE A DROUGHT IS SEEN
AS AN ACT OF GOD,

OR PART OF A NATURAL CYCLE.

BUT WHERE I LIVE,
IN LOS ANGELES,

IT SEEMS LIKE ANY KIND
OF EXTREME WEATHER

GETS BLAMED ON CLIMATE CHANGE.

SOMETIMES IT FEELS LIKE WE LIVE
IN TWO DIFFERENT COUNTRIES.

I WANT TO KNOW WHAT THE TRUTH IS
ABOUT THIS DROUGHT

AND IF IT'S POSSIBLE FOR THESE
TWO SIDES TO TALK TO EACH OTHER.

SO I'M HEADING TO TEXAS
TO FIND OUT.

[ EXPLOSION ]

[ INDISTINCT SHOUTING,
CAR ALARM BLARING ]

THIS IS AL HASAKAH PROVINCE.
I'M FROM HASAKAH CITY.

Friedman: I'M LESS
THAN AN HOUR'S DRIVE

FROM THE SYRIAN BORDER.

ON THE OTHER SIDE,
A CIVIL WAR IS RAGING --

THE WORLD'S DEADLIEST CONFLICT.

I'LL INTRODUCE MYSELF.

I WORK AS A MEDIC
AND SAFETY CONSULT.

I SERVED IN THE BALKANS,
IN SARAJEVO, AFGHANISTAN.

THIS WILL BE MY 10th TRIP
INTO SYRIA.

BUT I'M NOT HERE TO WRITE
ABOUT THE LATEST BATTLE.

THERE'S A DIFFERENT DISASTER
I'M INTERESTED IN,

ONE I HOPE WILL TELL ME
SOMETHING ABOUT THE REAL ROOTS

OF THIS CONFLICT.

IT FEEDS INTO THE EUPHRATES.

IT ACTUALLY STOPPED?
WOW.

HUH.

FOUR YEARS BEFORE
THE CIVIL WAR STARTED,

SYRIA WAS HIT BY A DROUGHT

THAT LASTED UNTIL JUST BEFORE
THE REVOLUTION,

A DROUGHT SO DEVASTATING

THAT IT ALTERED THE LIVES
OF MILLIONS OF SYRIANS.

THERE'S A MAN ON THE OTHER SIDE

OF THAT BORDER
WHO CAN TELL ME ABOUT IT.

I JUST HAVE TO GET THERE.

THE NEAREST
SYRIAN ARMY TROOPS?

NOBODY REALLY KNOWS
WE'RE COMING, IS THAT CORRECT?

YEAH.

Woman: THIS REPORT CONSTITUTES
AN ALARM-CLOCK MOMENT

FOR THE WORLD,

BECAUSE THIS REPORT
WILL TELL US, AGAIN,

THAT EVERYTHING WE THOUGHT
WE KNEW ON CLIMATE CHANGE

HAS ACTUALLY BEEN
UNDERESTIMATED,

THAT THE EFFECTS OF
CLIMATE CHANGE WILL BE UPON US

FASTER AND IN A MORE INTENSE
FASHION THAN WE HAD THOUGHT.

President H.W. Bush: WE ALL KNOW
THAT HUMAN ACTIVITIES

ARE CHANGING THE ATMOSPHERE

IN UNEXPECTED
AND IN UNPRECEDENTED WAYS.

Man: ...THAT THE GREENHOUSE
EFFECT HAS BEEN DETECTED,

AND IT IS CHANGING
OUR CLIMATE NOW.

Man #2: THE ATMOSPHERE AND OCEAN
HAVE WARMED.

THE AMOUNT OF SNOW AND ICE
HAVE DIMINISHED.

SEA LEVEL HAS RISEN,

AND THE CONCENTRATIONS
OF GREENHOUSE GASES HAVE...

Schwarzenegger:
THERE IS NO MORE FIRE SEASON.

WE HAVE WILDFIRES
ALL YEAR 'ROUND.

Man #3: CLIMATE CHANGE,
EXTREME WEATHER --

AND OUR VULNERABILITY TO IT.

Man #4:
...WHERE 12 YEARS OF DROUGHT HAS
LEFT THE LANDSCAPE BONE-DRY.

Man #5: WE GOT ANY PATRIOTS
IN THE CROWD?!

Woman #2: A NEW SCIENTIFIC
REPORT HAS DETERMINED

THE LAST DECADE WAS THE WARMEST
ON RECORD.

Man #6:
OUR WORLD IS CHANGING FASTER

AND MORE DRAMATICALLY
THAN EVER BEFORE.

Ford: THE DATA WE COLLECTED
WITH THAT JET, PLUS A LOT MORE,

ALL COMES HERE TO NASA'S
ADVANCED SUPERCOMPUTING FACILITY

IN NORTHERN CALIFORNIA.

THESE DAYS, THE MOST
JAW-DROPPING IMAGES

COMING OUT OF NASA
AREN'T OF MARS OR THE MOON,

BUT OF WHAT'S HAPPENING
TO OUR OWN PLANET.

Nemani: SO, HERE IS A PICTURE
OF THE PLANT GROWTH.

WE HAVE DROUGHTS GOING ON
IN THE MIDWEST,

IN RUSSIA, IN BRAZIL,
IN ARGENTINA.

Hansen:
THREE BREAD BASKETS --

THE CORN BELT, UKRAINE,
RUSSIA --

WHEAT BELT,
AND DOWN HERE IN ARGENTINA --

THE SOY-CORN BELT --

IT'S ALL UNDERPERFORMING
UNDER DROUGHT.

THIS IS ACTUAL DATA,
NOT A PROJECTION?

YES.

CAN WE CONNECT THIS DROUGHT
TO MAN-MADE CLIMATE CHANGE?

GREENHOUSE GASSES
ARE CHANGING THE CLIMATE.

AND GREENHOUSE GASES COME FROM
THE BURNING OF FOSSIL FUELS,

AND THEY COME FROM CARS
AND PLANES...

FROM DEFORESTATION.

...AND COAL-FIRE PLANTS.
EXACTLY, YES.

HOW DOES THAT PLAY OUT
IN THE UNITED STATES

OVER THE NEXT FEW YEARS?

HERE WE'RE LOOKING AT HISTORICAL
CLIMATE -- JULY 1950.

THESE ARE HIGH TEMPERATURES.

AS YOU CAN SEE,
ONLY A FEW AREAS,

LIKE IN ARIZONA, YOU HAVE
100-PLUS DEGREES IN JULY.

BUT AS WE GO
INTO THE FUTURE,

THE MODELS PREDICT THOSE
REALLY HOT AREAS TO BE GROWING.

JUST SO YOU CAN SEE HOW
THE HIGH TEMPERATURES

ARE SPREADING
ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

AND IMAGINE THE IMPACT
OF THOSE TEMPERATURES

WHERE WE PRODUCE FOOD.

AH.

Moore:
IMAGINE, HARRISON,

THAT FARGO, NORTH DAKOTA,
IS LIKE PHOENIX.

THOSE AGRICULTURAL AREAS
IN THE MIDWEST --

100 DEGREES.

THESE ARE CONSERVATIVE
PROJECTIONS

BY THE WORLD'S LEADING
SCIENTISTS.

AND ONE OF THE BIGGEST CAUSES

OF THIS IS SOMETHING
ASTONISHING.

20% OF ALL THE EMISSIONS
COME FROM DEFORESTATION.

EACH YEAR.
THAT'S A BIG NUMBER.

IT TURNS OUT THAT DEFORESTATION

ACCOUNTS FOR ABOUT
THE SAME AMOUNT OF EMISSIONS

AS CARS, PLANES --

IN FACT, ALL THE TRANSPORTATION
ON THE ENTIRE PLANET.

THAT'S BECAUSE LIVING TREES

BREATHE IN AND STORE CARBON
AS THEY GROW.

BUT WHEN THEY DIE,

THEY RELEASE THAT CARBON BACK
INTO THE ATMOSPHERE.

MORE CARBON IN THE AIR
MEANS MORE GLOBAL WARMING.

AND EVERY COUPLE OF YEARS,

ENOUGH FOREST TO COVER ALL
OF GERMANY IS LOST FOREVER.

THIS PICTURE IS OF FOREST LOSS
COLORED BY YEAR.

THE BEST COUNTRY IN TERMS
OF REDUCING DEFORESTATION

HAS BEEN BRAZIL.

AT THE OPPOSITE END
OF THE SPECTRUM,

IN TERMS OF THE HIGHEST RATE
OF INCREASE PER YEAR,

IS INDONESIA.

IT'S KIND OF A DOUBLE WHAMMY
FOR CLIMATE CHANGE

'CAUSE FIRST
THEY CUT THE TREES

THAT HAVE BEEN
TAKING IN THE CARBON.

AND THEN THEY SLASH AND BURN
THE LANDSCAPE,

AND THAT RELEASES
SO-CALLED "BLACK CARBON."

SO MUCH FOREST
IS BEING BURNED THERE

THAT YOU CAN SEE THE SMOKE
FROM SPACE.

SO IS IT LEGAL
TO SET THESE FIRES?

NO. UNDER INDONESIAN LAW,
IT IS ILLEGAL.

AND WHAT ARE THEY BEING
CLEARED FOR?

THEY'RE CLEARED FOR TWO
PRODUCTS -- PALM OIL AND PAPER.

EVERYBODY KNOWS WE CUT DOWN
TREES TO MAKE PAPER,

BUT PALM OIL?

[ CASH REGISTER BEEPING ]

SNACK FOODS, CEREALS, CAKES,

PROCESSED FOODS,

CANDY BARS, COOKIES,

CHEEZ-ITS, OREOS,
SOAPS, SHAMPOOS.

IT'S PRETTY MUCH ON EVERY AISLE
OF MOST SUPERMARKETS.

YOU'LL FIND PALM OIL
IN THERE.

PALM OIL COMES FROM THE FRUIT
OF OIL PALM TREES.

LAFCADIO CORTESI OF
RAINFOREST ACTION NETWORK

TELLS ME THAT ALMOST ALL
OF THOSE PALM TREES

ARE GROWN ON LAND
THAT USED TO BE FOREST.

IT'S NOT THE OIL THAT'S BAD.
IT'S HOW THE OIL IS PRODUCED.

COMPANIES NEED TO FIND OUT

WHERE THEIR PALM OIL'S
COMING FROM,

AND THEY NEED TO MAKE
A COMMITMENT --

"WE'RE NOT GONNA CONTRIBUTE
TO CLIMATE CHANGE

AND DEFORESTATION,"

AND THEN LOOK AT THEIR
SUPPLY CHAINS AND PROVE THAT.

LAFCADIO SAYS DEMAND
FOR PALM OIL

IS GROWING FASTER THAN ANY OTHER
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY.

AND IN INDONESIA,

THAT MEANS EVEN MORE INCENTIVE
TO DESTROY FORESTS.

I'M GOING THERE
TO FIND OUT MORE.

Cheadle:
ON MY WAY TO TEXAS,

THE SIGNS OF DROUGHT
ARE CLEAR.

RANCHERS HERE WERE AMONG
THE FIRST TO FEEL ITS EFFECTS.

GOOD TO SEE YOU.
YEAH.

ONE OF THEM, MONTY BEST,
HAS BEEN HERE HIS WHOLE LIFE.

SO THIS IS ONE OF
YOUR SPOTS, RIGHT?

THIS IS ONE OF MY SPOTS
RIGHT HERE.

HOW BIG OF AN EXPANSE?

17,000 ACRES
HERE ON THIS RANCH.

WOW.

17,000.

YEAH, THIS IS WHERE I STARTED
OUT RIGHT HERE.

Best: I THOUGHT IT NEEDED
THE RAIN LAST YEAR.

IT'S GOT TO RAIN THIS TIME.

I THOUGHT IT WAS JUST
ANOTHER DRY SPELL,

AND WE'D BE OUT OF IT,
BUT IT'S MORE THAN A DRY SPELL.

Cheadle: MONTY TELLS ME HE'S HAD
TO SELL 2/3 OF HIS STOCK

JUST TO STAY IN BUSINESS.

AND HE'S NOT ALONE.

ACROSS THE BORDER IN TEXAS,
WHERE I'M HEADED,

THE CATTLE HERD
IS AT ITS LOWEST LEVEL

IN MORE THAN HALF A CENTURY,

DOWN BY MORE THAN
2 MILLION COWS,

WHICH IS WHY THAT MEAT-PACKING
PLANT IN PLAINVIEW HAD TO CLOSE.

WHEN I ARRIVE, IT'S CLEAR
THIS ISN'T A BIG TOWN.

JUST 22,000 PEOPLE.

SO I FIGURE SOMETHING
THAT KILLED

2,300 JOBS IN A SINGLE DAY

HAS GOT TO BE AFFECTING
JUST ABOUT EVERYONE.

WHAT ROLE DID
CLIMATE CHANGE PLAY

IN THE DROUGHT THAT LED
TO ALL THIS?

WHAT DO THE PEOPLE HERE THINK?

I PAY A VISIT TO ONE OF THE
LAID-OFF WORKERS, NELLIE MONTEZ.

HEY, DON.
HI.

SO THIS IS WHERE I GREW UP.
I'VE LIVED HERE ALL MY LIFE.

MY KIDS WERE BORN AND RAISED
RIGHT HERE IN THIS HOUSE.

THIS IS MY MOM
AND DAD'S HOUSE.

MOM AND DAD LIVE
RIGHT NEXT DOOR?

OH, THAT'S NICE.

Montez: SEE, A LOT
OF THE BUSINESSES

HAVE ALREADY CLOSED DOWN
AND STUFF.

DID YOU EVER
SEE IT COMING?

I MEAN,
THE PLANT CLOSURE?

NO. CARGILL'S THE MAIN SOURCE
OF INCOME.

LIKE, THAT CAN'T HAPPEN.

THAT DAY,
WHEN THEY TOLD US,

THEY TOOK US
INTO THE CAFETERIA.

YEAH, WHAT WAS THAT LIKE?

OH, MY GOD.
THAT WAS JUST UNREAL.

IT WAS LIKE THEY ROUNDED UP
A HERD OF CATTLE IN A PEN

AND JUST HIT US OVER THE HEAD
WITH IT.

THIS IS IT.

THIS IS IT.

THIS IS HOME, SWEET, HOME.

WELL, HOME AWAY FROM HOME,
RIGHT?

HOME AWAY FROM HOME.

Cheadle: NELLIE TOLD ME
IT WAS A GOOD JOB.

SHE SAVED ENOUGH MONEY
TO BUY A HOUSE,

AND FOR THE FIRST TIME
IN HER LIFE,

WASN'T LIVING
PAYCHECK TO PAYCHECK.

BUT WHEN THEY TOLD ME,
"IT'S OVER,"

I'M GOING LIKE,
"WHAT CAN I DO?" YOU KNOW?

WHO'S GONNA HIRE A 46-YEAR-OLD
WOMAN AS A FORKLIFT DRIVER?

WHAT DO YOU THINK THE REASON WAS
FOR THE DROUGHT?

I MEAN, DO YOU ATTRIBUTE IT
TO ANYTHING?

DO YOU THINK ABOUT THAT?

UM, MY ONLY THOUGHT WAS,
"I THINK IT'S BIBLICAL."

BIBLICAL?

I REALLY DO.

RELIGION PLAYS A BIG ROLE
IN PLAINVIEW.

THERE ARE OVER 70 CHURCHES
IN TOWN,

AND I DISCOVER THAT BELIEVING
THE DROUGHT IS GOD'S WILL

OR PART OF A NATURAL CYCLE
IS COMMON HERE.

AS I TALK TO MORE AND MORE
OF THE LOCALS,

IT DOESN'T SEEM LIKE ANYONE

THINKS HUMANS COULD BE AFFECTING
THE CLIMATE.

I THINK IT'S A CYCLE.

EVERYTHING RUNS
IN 20-YEAR CYCLES.

THERE'S ONLY ONE MAN THAT KNOWS
HOW MUCH RAIN WE'RE GONNA GET,

AND THAT'S GOD
AND HE'S NOT A SCIENTIST,

SO I'M NOT PUTTING MUCH FAITH
IN WHAT THEY SAY.

[ CHUCKLES ]

GENESIS 9 SAYS

THAT THERE WILL ALWAYS BE
SEED TIME AND HARVEST.

THIS BUSINESS
OF THESE PEOPLE SAYING

THAT THERE'S GONNA BE A CALAMITY
IN WEATHER IS NOT TRUE.

Cheadle:
BUT WHAT IF IT IS TRUE?

WHAT IF GLOBAL WARMING
IS THE REASON

ALL THESE PEOPLE HERE
LOST THEIR JOBS?

Friedman: I'VE SPENT DECADES
REPORTING ON THE MIDDLE EAST,

BUT I HAVE TO SAY THE EVENTS
IN SYRIA THESE DAYS

ARE SOME OF THE MOST
HEARTBREAKING I HAVE EVER SEEN.

I THOUGHT I KNEW
HOW IT ALL STARTED

WITH PROTESTS
OVER GOVERNMENT REPRESSION

AND WIDESPREAD POVERTY
IN EARLY 2011.

HI.
TOM FRIEDMAN.

FARAH NASIF. HI.
THANKS FOR COMING.

BUT THEN I MET FARAH NASIF,

A YOUNG SYRIAN REFUGEE LIVING
HERE IN WASHINGTON D.C.,

AND SHE MADE ME WONDER

IF THERE MIGHT BE A LOT MORE
TO THIS STORY.

THEY ARE TALKING ABOUT DROUGHT
WHEN I WAS YOUNG.

I WAS, UM...
11 OR SOMETHING LIKE THIS.

SHE TOLD ME THAT BEFORE
THE CIVIL WAR,

SHE HAD LIVED
THROUGH ANOTHER DISASTER.

SO, IS THIS YEAR AFTER YEAR,
LESS RAIN?

YEAR AFTER YEAR.

GOVERNMENT DOESN'T TRY TO
HELP IN ANY KIND OF WAY.

AND THAT THE GOVERNMENT'S
RESPONSE MADE PEOPLE SO ANGRY

THEY WERE EAGER
TO TAKE TO THE STREETS.

SHE SAID I COULDN'T UNDERSTAND
THE CIVIL WAR

IF I DIDN'T UNDERSTAND
WHAT HAPPENED IN THE DROUGHT.

MOST OF FARMERS,
THEY LEAVE TO DAMASCUS, TO HOMS.

THEY MOVED FROM THE COUNTRYSIDE
TO THE CITY.

YEAH, YES.
TO THE CITY.

THEY LIVE IN VERY POOR AREA
IN DAMASCUS.

LIKE, YOU CAN FIND 10 PERSONS
IN ONE ROOM.

WOW.
IF YOU NOTICE THAT MOST OF
PEOPLE IN REVOLUTION

THEY ARE FROM COUNTRYSIDE
COUNTRYSIDE OF SYRIA.

REALLY?

LATER, I LEARN THAT THIS DROUGHT

WAS THE WORST
IN SYRIA'S MODERN HISTORY

AND THAT IT HAPPENED
IN THE FOUR YEARS

JUST BEFORE THE REVOLUTION.

OVER A MILLION PEOPLE
WERE DISPLACED,

AND ACCORDING
TO THE UNITED NATIONS,

MORE THAN 2 MILLION WERE FORCED
INTO EXTREME POVERTY.

THAT'S REALLY SCARY.

AND THIS DROUGHT
WAS PART OF A TREND.

ACCORDING TO A STUDY
BY THE U.S. GOVERNMENT'S

NATIONAL OCEANIC
AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION,

OVER THE LAST 40 YEARS,

CLIMATE CHANGE HAS CAUSED THE
MEDITERRANEAN REGION TO DRY UP,

RESULTING IN LONGER,
MORE SEVERE DROUGHTS.

THE PLACES IN RED
ARE GETTING THE WORST OF IT,

AND SYRIA IS RIGHT
AT THE EPICENTER.

I ALSO COME ACROSS

A CONFIDENTIAL
U.S. DIPLOMATIC CABLE

WRITTEN TWO YEARS
BEFORE THE REVOLUTION.

IT CONTAINS
SOME DIRE PREDICTIONS.

A U.N. OFFICIAL
STATIONED IN SYRIA

FEARED THE DROUGHT WOULD THROW
THE ENTIRE COUNTRY INTO CHAOS.

BUT CAN THERE REALLY BE
A CONNECTION

BETWEEN A DROUGHT
AND A CIVIL WAR?

HEY, IT'S THOMAS FRIEDMAN
FROM THE NEW YORK TIMES.

[ BUZZER ]

Rice: CLIMATE CHANGE
IS NOW WELL UNDERSTOOD

TO BE A MAJOR
NATIONAL-SECURITY ISSUE

AND A SOURCE OF STRESS

ON A NUMBER OF THE UNDERLYING
CAUSES OF CONFLICT --

DROUGHT, FLOODS,

FOOD SHORTAGES,
WATER SCARCITY.

ALL OF THESE DRIVE
INCREASED HUMAN INSECURITY,

POVERTY,

AND CAN CONTRIBUTE
TO CONFLICT.

HOW MUCH DO YOU FEEL THAT STRESS
IN NORTHERN SYRIA,

WHERE YOU HAVE THIS REGION
AFFLICTED BY DROUGHT

FROM 2006 TO 2010,

RIGHT ON THE EVE
OF THE REVOLUTION THERE,

CONTRIBUTED TO IT?

IT'S VERY HARD TO QUANTIFY.

HOWEVER, WE ALL KNOW THAT,

YOU KNOW,
WHERE THERE IS DROUGHT,

WHERE THERE IS INSECURITY,

WHEN THERE IS POVERTY, HUNGER,
POOR GOVERNANCE,

REPRESSIVE POLICIES,

IT MAY MAKE THE TINDER
IN THE BOX

MORE READILY IGNITABLE.

IN OTHER WORDS,
IF A DROUGHT IS BAD ENOUGH,

IT CAN HELP PUSH
AN ALREADY STRESSED SOCIETY

TO THE BREAKING POINT.

IS THAT WHAT HAPPENED IN SYRIA?

Ford:
I ARRIVE IN INDONESIA

TO WHAT LOOKS LIKE
THE WORST SMOG I'VE EVER SEEN.

BUT IT'S NOT SMOG.

IT'S SMOKE.

FIRE IS THE CHEAPEST WAY
TO CLEAR A FOREST.

SO IT CAN BE REPLACED BY THIS --

PALM TREES FOR PALM OIL.

THESE PLANTATIONS MAY LOOK LUSH,

BUT THEY TAKE THE PLACE
OF DENSE JUNGLES

THAT WERE STORING CARBON
FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS.

THE PALM TREES WILL ONLY GROW
FOR 25 YEARS

BEFORE BEING CUT DOWN
AND BURNED AGAIN,

RELEASING ALL THEIR CARBON
INTO THE ATMOSPHERE.

BUT EVEN THAT ISN'T
THE WORST OF IT.

IN BORNEO, ONE OF INDONESIA'S
MANY ISLANDS,

TWO PEOPLE ARE WAITING
TO SHOW ME MORE.

[ CROWD CHEERING ]

I'M MET BY REZAL KUSUMAATMADJA.

GOOD FLIGHT?

GOOD FLIGHT.

REZAL AND HIS BUSINESS PARTNER,
DHARSONO HARTONO,

ARE TAKING ME TO A REMOTE
PIECE OF FOREST

THAT THEY'RE TRYING TO SAVE.

[ BIRD CALLING ]

ALSO ON THIS JOURNEY,

MY FRIEND RUSS MITTERMEIER,

A DISTINGUISHED PRIMATOLOGIST

AND PRESIDENT OF
CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL,

WHICH HAS FOCUSED
ON CLIMATE CHANGE

AND DEFORESTATION
FOR MANY YEARS.

REZAL AND DHARSONO TELL ME

THAT THE MOST REMARKABLE AND
PRECIOUS THING ABOUT THIS JUNGLE

IS RIGHT UNDER OUR FEET.

WHAT WE'RE WALKING ON ISN'T MUD.

IT'S A THICK LAYER
OF COMPRESSED,

DECAYING VEGETATION CALLED PEAT.

MANY OF INDONESIA'S FORESTS
SIT ON PEAT,

AND PEAT IS FULL OF CARBON.

Ford: SO, WHAT ARE THESE GUYS
DOING HERE?

GETTING A CORE SAMPLE OF SOME
KIND OF THE PEAT, RIGHT?

THAT'S CORRECT.

ARE YOU GONNA SEND IT
TO A LABORATORY?

YES, WE HAVE TO TEST WHAT
WE CALL THE BULK DENSITY...

RIGHT.

...AND THE ORGANIC
CARBON CONTENT.

IN A TYPICAL PEAT SAMPLING,

IF YOU MEASURE ONE METER
BY ONE METER AND ONE METER --

THAT'S ONE CUBIC METER --

IT CONSISTS BETWEEN 45 KILOGRAMS
TO 90 KILOGRAMS...

OF CARBON DIOXIDE.
...OF CARBON. OF CARBON.

DOES PEAT CONTAIN
THE SAME AMOUNT OF CARBON

AS A REGULAR FOREST?

PEAT CAN BE
10 TIMES AS MUCH.

AND IF THERE'S A FIRE
IN THIS FOREST,

THE PEAT WILL BURN, TOO,

RELEASING ALL THAT STORED CARBON
INTO THE AIR.

PEAT FIRES ARE ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE
TO EXTINGUISH.

THEY CAN SMOLDER FOR YEARS.

WHAT'S THE TOTAL
CONTAINED IN THIS AREA

THAT YOU'RE TRYING TO PROTECT?

WE HAVE ESTIMATED ALMOST A
BILLION TONS OF CARBON DIOXIDE.

YOU LIVE IN LOS ANGELES,
RIGHT?

SO, I THINK LOS ANGELES
HAS 5 MILLION CARS.

TAKE 1/3 OUT -- THE CARS --

AND THAT'S THE KIND OF EMISSION
THAT WE'RE PREVENTING.

WOW.

THAT'S A LOT OF CARS.

AND THAT'S JUST THIS AREA.

IN TOTAL, THE DESTRUCTION
OF INDONESIA'S PEAT LANDS

ACCOUNTS FOR AN ASTONISHING 4%

OF THE WORLD'S
GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS.

BUT AFTER FIVE YEARS OF TRYING
TO PROTECT THIS ONE PEAT FOREST,

THEY STILL HAVEN'T SUCCEEDED.

WHAT'S THE PROBLEM?
WHY AREN'T WE DOING IT?

ONE OF THE BIGGEST PROBLEMS

THAT WE'VE BEEN FACING
IN THE PAST FIVE YEARS

IS TO GET THE RIGHTS
TO THE LAND --

THE LEASE OF THE LAND --
FROM THE GOVERNMENT.

IT'S NOT EVEN
BEING GRANTED.
WHY?

THE MINISTER OF FORESTRY HAS TO
SIGN THIS CONCESSION RIGHTS.

BUT THE PAPER
THAT HE HAS TO SIGN

HAS BEEN SITTING THERE
FOR OVER A YEAR, I THINK.

EVERYBODY KNOWS THAT CORRUPTION
IS A PROBLEM IN INDONESIA.

ONE OF THE BIG SOURCES
OF CORRUPTION

IS ACTUALLY
THE FORESTRY SECTOR

JUST BECAUSE THEY HOLD
A LOT OF LAND.

WE NEVER HEARD DIRECTLY
FROM THE MINISTER HIMSELF

WHAT KINDS OF THINGS
THAT HE WANTS FROM US,

BUT WE'VE HEARD
FROM OTHER PEOPLE

THAT BECAUSE IT IS A BIG AREA,
WE HAVE TO GIVE SOMETHING UP.

GIVE SOMETHING UP.
GIVE SOMETHING UP.

IN OTHER WORDS,

THEY HEAR THAT OFFICIALS
IN THE FOREST MINISTRY

MAY BE LOOKING FOR A BRIBE.

IT'S HAPPENED HERE IN THE PAST.

I WANT TO MEET
THE MINISTER IN CHARGE,

BUT THERE'S A LOT MORE
TO SEE FIRST.

Cheadle: THE DROUGHT THAT CAUSED
THE PLANT IN PLAINVIEW TO CLOSE

WASN'T JUST LIMITED TO TEXAS.

AT ITS HEIGHT, IT COVERED
2/3 OF THE CONTINENTAL U.S.

I WAS LOOKING FOR SOMEONE

WHO COULD HELP ME UNDERSTAND
WHAT CAUSED IT.

AND I FOUND HER ONE TOWN OVER

AT TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY
IN LUBBOCK.

KATHARINE HAYHO IS ONE OF

THE TOP CLIMATE SCIENTISTS
IN THE WORLD.

SHE'S WRITTEN MORE THAN 60
PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS,

AND ONE OF HER SPECIALTIES
IS DROUGHT.

HERE IN WEST TEXAS,
IT'S FEAST OR FAMINE.

WE HAVE YEARS
WHEN IT'S DRY AS A BONE.

WE HAVE YEARS
WHEN IT'S RECORD FLOODING,

AND THAT'S JUST THE WAY
IT'S ALWAYS BEEN

AS FAR BACK AS WE GO.

SO JUST TO GIVE YOU AN EXAMPLE,
HERE IN LUBBOCK,

WE ONLY HAVE
ABOUT 9 OR 10 DAYS A YEAR

OVER 100 DEGREES
ON AVERAGE.

IN 2011, WE HAD ALMOST
50 DAYS OVER 100,

AND THAT IS GONNA BE
THE TYPICAL SUMMER

BY THE MIDDLE OF THE CENTURY

IF WE CONTINUE
ON OUR CURRENT PATHWAY.

SO WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU TAKE
THAT EXACT NATURAL CYCLE

OF DROUGHT, WET, DROUGHT, WET,
AND YOU MAKE IT HOTTER?

WELL, WHEN IT'S DRY,

ALL THAT EXTRA TEMPERATURE

IS GONNA CAUSE EVEN MORE WATER
TO EVAPORATE.

IT'S GONNA DRY OUT THE SOIL
EVEN MORE.

SO THE AVERAGE DROUGHT
IS GONNA BECOME MORE SEVERE

AS IT GETS WARMER.

THE QUESTION, THEN, IS
WHAT'S CAUSING IT TO CHANGE?

THERE'S WHAT I CALL
FOUR USUAL SUSPECTS

THAT WE KNOW
HAVE DONE IT BEFORE.

NATURAL CYCLES IS #1 --
SUSPECT #1.

THE SUN IS SUSPECT #2

'CAUSE THAT'S WHERE WE GET
ALL OUR ENERGY FROM.

SO HOW DO WE KNOW
IT'S NOT THE SUN?

IT'S BECAUSE WE CAN ACTUALLY
LOOK AT THE SUN'S ENERGY.

WE'VE BEEN MEASURING IT.

SO WE HAVE THIS
REGULAR CYCLE, RIGHT?

BUT WE ALSO HAVE
THESE LONG-TERM CHANGES

WHERE IT WAS GIVING US
MORE AND MORE ENERGY

UP UNTIL ABOUT THE 1970s,
AND THEN IT STARTED TO GO DOWN.

AND THIS IS
OUR TEMPERATURE.

OUR TEMPERATURE
ACTUALLY KEPT ON GOING UP.

SO IT'S NOT THE SUN.

CAN'T BE THE SUN.

PULL THE SUN OUT.
WE WOULD BE GOING DOWN.

WE WOULD BE GETTING COOLER
IF IT WAS THE SUN.
RIGHT.

WE KNOW IT'S NOT VOLCANOES

BECAUSE VOLCANOES JUST COOL
THE EARTH WHEN THEY ERUPT.

WHAT ABOUT NATURAL CYCLES?

YOU SEE THESE REGULAR CYCLES
EVERY 100,000 YEARS OR SO.

RIGHT.

AND YOU SEE THE CYCLES
IN TEMPERATURE

AND IN CARBON DIOXIDE.

WE SEE THAT TEMPERATURE

AND CARBON DIOXIDE
TRACK TOGETHER.

MM-HMM.

WE ALSO SEE THAT RIGHT NOW
WE ARE WAY OUT OF THE BALL PARK.

CO2 IS OUT OF THE BALL PARK
BECAUSE OF HUMAN ACTIVITY,

AND THE EARTH'S TEMPERATURE
IS RISING RIGHT ALONG WITH IT.

SO THE BOTTOM LINE IS

THE NATURAL SUSPECTS
ALL HAVE ALIBIS.

WE CAN'T BLAME IT
ON NATURAL CYCLES,

THE SUN, THE ICE AGES,
VOLCANOES.

NATURAL CAUSES WOULD BE CAUSING
US TO COOL RIGHT NOW,

AND WE'RE GETTING WARMER
FASTER AND FASTER.

WE'RE HEADING
INTO AN UNKNOWN FUTURE

LIKE WE HAVE NEVER
PUT OURSELVES IN BEFORE.

AS I LEAVE TOWN,

I WONDER HOW PEOPLE IN PLAINVIEW

WOULD REACT TO WHAT
SHE JUST TOLD ME.

WOULD THEY SEE A CONFLICT

BETWEEN HER SCIENCE
AND THEIR FAITH?

* AND I CAN SEE THE LIGHT
THAT IS COMIN' *

* FOR THE HEART THAT HOLDS ON

* THERE WILL BE AN END
TO THESE TROUBLES *

* BUT UNTIL THAT DAY COMES

COME ON, LET'S PRAY!

Cheadle: BUT KATHARINE
DOESN'T SEE A CONFLICT.

FATHER, THANK YOU
FOR THIS MORNING.

SHE'S A DEVOUT CHRISTIAN,
HERSELF.

AMEN.

[ MAN CHANTING IN ARABIC ]

Friedman:
ON MY WAY TO SYRIA,

I LEARN ABOUT A FAMILY
THAT RECENTLY FLED THE WAR

AND IS NOW TAKING REFUGE HERE.

[ MAN SINGING IN ARABIC ]

HAVE YOU EVER SEEN ANYTHING
LIKE THAT BEFORE?

TWO MONTHS?! THEY TOOK YOU AWAY
FOR TWO MONTHS?

AND WHAT ARE
YOUR PLANS NOW?

YOU WANT TO GO BACK
AND REJOIN YOUR COMRADES

AND CONTINUE
THE REVOLUTION?

Friedman: HOW MANY OTHER
SYRIANS, I WONDER,

HAVE A SIMILAR STORY TO TELL?

THE ANSWER IS ON THE OTHER SIDE
OF THAT BORDER.

I'M TOLD THERE'S
A REBEL COMMANDER

LEADING A GROUP OF FAILED
FARMERS TURNED FIGHTERS.

THAT'S WHERE I'M HEADING.

Ford: IN ORDER TO TRULY
UNDERSTAND DEFORESTATION HERE,

IT'S IMPORTANT TO KNOW
THIS COUNTRY'S HISTORY.

THE DICTATORSHIP THAT WAS IN
POWER FROM THE 1960s TO THE '90s

SEIZED HUGE SWATHS OF LAND
FROM INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

BY LABELING THEM "STATE FOREST,"

THEN PARCELED THEM OUT
TO BIG COMPANIES.

THE COMPANIES
LEVELED THE FOREST.

BUT THEN A FEW YEARS AGO,

IT SEEMED LIKE THINGS WERE
TAKING A TURN FOR THE BETTER.

THE COUNTRY'S PRESIDENT
DECLARED A MORATORIUM

ON THE DESTRUCTION OF ALL
NATURAL FORESTS.

BY SAVING, REGENERATING,

AND SUSTAINABLY
MANAGING FORESTS,

WE ARE ALSO DOING OUR PART

IN REDUCING GLOBAL
GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS.

Ford: BUT THE CUTTING
AND BURNING CONTINUED.

IN FACT, IT ACCELERATED.

IT SEEMS AS IF THE PRESIDENT'S
AUTHORITY WAS LIMITED.

PERHAPS THERE WAS TOO MUCH MONEY
TO BE MADE.

[ ANIMALS CALLING ]

[ ELEPHANT CRIES ]

THESE PEOPLE FROM
THE WORLD WILDLIFE FUND

ARE BRINGING ME TO A BEAUTIFUL
PLACE CALLED TESSO NILO.

CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL
AND WWF WORKED FOR YEARS

TO GET IT DECLARED
A NATIONAL PARK.

THE GOVERNMENT, SPECIFICALLY
THE FORESTRY MINISTER,

WOULD THEN BE RESPONSIBLE
FOR PROTECTING IT.

BUT WHEN IT WAS NAMED A PARK
10 YEARS AGO,

THAT DIDN'T STOP
THE PALM-OIL INVASION.

WE REALIZED THAT THERE WAS
A HUGE ELEPHANT HERD

IN THIS PROVINCE THAT NOBODY
WAS TAKING CARE OF.

THERE WERE CONFLICTS
WITH THE OIL-PALM COMPANIES

AND THESE ELEPHANTS
IN THE SURROUNDING AREA.

WHAT DO THEY DO
ABOUT THE ELEPHANTS?

THEY POISON THEM.

WE FOUND GROUPS

OF UP TO
21 ELEPHANTS DEAD.

IT'S CLEAR THAT WHAT'S HAPPENING
TO THESE ELEPHANTS

IN THIS FOREST IS DEEPLY
CONNECTED TO OUR OWN FUTURE

BECAUSE OF CLIMATE CHANGE.

Man:
EXTINCTION IS HAPPENING,

AND WE ARE WATCHING RIGHT HERE.

THERE'S NOTHING ELSE IN SUMATRA
LEFT OF THIS ECOSYSTEM.

THIS IS THE LAST SPOT,
AND IT'S GOING, GOING, GOING.

Ford: IT'S IMPORTANT TO
EXPERIENCE THIS PARADISE FIRST

TO APPRECIATE WHAT COMES NEXT --

THE DESTRUCTION.

Hayho: MANY PEOPLE
VIEW SCIENCE AND FAITH

AS BEING DEEPLY DIVIDED,

BUT FOR ME, GROWING UP
WITH A DAD WHO WAS A SCIENTIST

WHO WAS ALSO A MISSIONARY

AND WHO WAS VERY ACTIVE
IN THE CHURCH,

I GREW UP WITH THE UNDERSTANDING
THAT THERE WAS NO CONFLICT.

BY STUDYING SCIENCE,

WE'RE STUDYING
WHAT GOD WAS THINKING

WHEN HE CREATED THE UNIVERSE.

Cheadle: I'VE NEVER HEARD OF
ANYONE LIKE KATHARINE HAYHO --

AN EVANGELICAL
CLIMATE SCIENTIST?

SHE'S MADE IT HER MISSION
TO EXPLAIN THE SCIENCE

OF CLIMATE CHANGE
TO PEOPLE OF FAITH.

Hayho:
EVERY MAJOR FAITH AT ITS CORE

HAS THE IDEA THAT YOU SHOULD
TAKE CARE OFF PEOPLE

WHO HAVE LESS THAN YOU DO.

IF YOU LOOK AROUND THE WORLD,

WE'RE SEEING THINGS HAPPENING

THAT ARE AFFECTING
OUR GLOBAL NEIGHBORS.

THE ONLY SENSIBLE RESPONSE

IS REDUCING OUR OWN
CONTRIBUTION,

TAKING CARE OF THOSE
THAT WE CAN,

AND LOVING OUR NEIGHBORS
AS OURSELVES.

WE'VE BEEN DIGGING THIS STUFF UP
FROM WAY UNDER THE GROUND,

WHERE IT WOULD NORMALLY STAY
FOR ABOUT A MILLION YEARS,

AND WE'VE BEEN PUTTING IT
INTO THE ATMOSPHERE

REALLY, REALLY QUICKLY.

I'VE BEEN A CHRISTIAN SINCE,
YOU KNOW, I WAS -- CAN REMEMBER.

Cheadle: EVEN STUDENTS ASK HER
HOW TO SQUARE SCIENCE AND FAITH.

I FEEL LIKE
OF COURSE GOD'S IN CONTROL,

BUT HE'S GIVEN US THE FREEDOM
TO MAKE CHOICES,

AND WHAT WE'RE SEEING HERE

IS WE'RE SEEING THE CONSEQUENCES
OF CHOICES WE MADE.

BUT IT'S OFTEN DIFFICULT
TO SEW THESE SEEDS

IN THE HARD-BAKED
POLITICAL TERRAIN OF TEXAS.

THOSE THAT WANT
TO TAKE THE POSITION

THAT GLOBAL WARMING
IS MAN'S FAULT

AND IT IS INCONTROVERTIBLE --
THAT'S NOT CORRECT.

WHY WOULD I PUT OUR CHILDREN'S
FUTURE IN JEOPARDY

ON SCIENCE THAT FRANKLY
IS NOT PROVEN,

AND JUST BECAUSE THERE IS
A LARGE NUMBER OF SCIENTISTS

THAT STAND UP AND SAY,
"OH, IT IS --

IT'S MAN'S FAULT
AND THAT IS THAT"?

Hayho: WHAT FRUSTRATES ME

AND WHAT ACTUALLY MAKES ME ANGRY

IS NOT WHEN PEOPLE
DISAGREE WITH ME.

WHAT MAKES ME ANGRY

IS WHEN I SEE PEOPLE
WHO I KNOW KNOW BETTER

DELIBERATELY LYING TO PEOPLE
ABOUT THIS ISSUE.

AND SO WHEN I SEE PEOPLE
TELLING OTHER PEOPLE,

"CLIMATE HASN'T CHANGED.
GLOBAL WARMING HAS STOPPED.

GOD WOULD NEVER LET THIS HAPPEN
TO THE PLANET,"

WELL, OH, YEAH?
LOOK AROUND.

THERE'S A LOT OF BAD THINGS

THAT HAPPEN TO THE PLANET
EVERY SINGLE DAY.

DOES GOD LET THOSE HAPPEN?
YEAH, HE DOES. WHY?

BECAUSE HE GAVE US THE BRAINS
TO MAKE GOOD AND BAD CHOICES.

Montez: I BELIEVE THAT AS LONG
AS YOU'VE GOT GOD,

HE'S GONNA GUIDE YOU
TO THE NEXT STEP.

SO OVER THE NEXT COUPLE
OF WEEKS, I STARTED PRAYING,

AND LIKE THAT -- INSTANTLY --
I JUST FELT PEACE.

SO TO ME, IT FELT LIKE
IT WAS CONFIRMATION.

THAT'S GOOD.

SO YOU'RE GOING TO THE NEXT STEP
WITH STRENGTH.

Cheadle: THAT NEXT STEP
IS LEAVING PLAINVIEW.

THERE ARE JUST NO JOBS HERE.

THREE MONTHS
AFTER THE PLANT CLOSED,

NELLIE MOVES IN WITH HER BROTHER
AND HIS FAMILY IN SAN ANTONIO.

BUT THINGS STILL
AREN'T LOOKING UP.

Montez: I'VE BEEN HURTING
THE LAST TWO MONTHS.

MY FINANCES MAINLY.

Cheadle: SHE CAN'T FIND ANYONE
TO BUY HER OLD HOUSE

BACK IN PLAINVIEW,

SO SHE'S FALLEN BEHIND
ON THE MORTGAGE,

AND THE BANK'S
THREATENING FORECLOSURE.

AND HER NEW JOB IN THE APPLIANCE
WAREHOUSE DOESN'T PAY MUCH.

Montez:
MY UNEMPLOYMENT RAN OUT,

SO ALL I HAD IN SAVINGS
WAS A MONTH'S WORTH.

I'VE GOT TO TAKE THE BEST OFFER
THAT THEY GIVE ME,

AND THE BEST ONE WAS
WHERE I'M WORKING NOW.

AND THAT'S $12 AN HOUR.

THAT DOESN'T COMPARE
TO WHAT I WAS MAKING

BACK HOME IN PLAINVIEW.

Farley: WE PRAY FOR RAIN,
AND WE HOPE FOR RAIN

BECAUSE THE REALITY IS NOTHING
GROWS WITHOUT RAIN.

GOD HAS SET IT UP

SO THAT A SPRINKLE OF RAIN
FALLS ON THE SOIL,

AND FROM THAT SOIL COMES UP

FRUIT, PLANTS, VEGETABLES, LIFE.

Cheadle: KATHARINE
WANTS TO INTRODUCE ME

TO HER FIRST
CLIMATE-CHANGE CONVERT.

THIS WATER IS THE TRUTH
OF THE GOSPEL,

AND THAT'S WHY WE'RE HERE
THIS MORNING.

SOAK IT IN.

Cheadle: IT'S THIS EVANGELICAL
PREACHER DREW FARLEY,

WHO ALSO HAPPENS TO BE
HER HUSBAND.

Hayho: IT WASN'T UNTIL AFTER
DREW AND I GOT MARRIED

THAT I ACTUALLY REALIZED

THAT HE DIDN'T THINK
CLIMATE CHANGE WAS REAL.

AND NOT ONLY THAT,

BUT THAT MANY OF THE PEOPLE THAT
I WAS GETTING TO KNOW IN CHURCH

DIDN'T THINK IT WAS REAL.

Farley: A LOT OF MY POLITICAL
OPINIONS ARE REPUBLICAN.

I'M A CHRISTIAN.
I BELIEVE GOD CREATED THE WORLD.

YOU KNOW, I'M CONSERVATIVE
IN MANY WAYS.

AND I ALSO BELIEVE
THAT CLIMATE CHANGE IS REAL.

IT SEEMS LIKE
THE SAME PEOPLE

THAT DON'T WANT TO BELIEVE
IN THAT SCIENCE

BELIEVE IN SCIENCE WHEN
THEY NEED TO TAKE A PILL

OR BELIEVE IN SCIENCE
WHEN THEY,

YOU KNOW, WANT SOMETHING
TO WORK RIGHT IN THEIR HOUSE

THAT'S ATTRIBUTABLE

TO OTHER SMART PEOPLE
WHO PUT THAT TOGETHER,

BUT IN THIS ISSUE,

IT'S GOT TO BE A PART
OF SOMETHING ELSE.

UNFORTUNATELY,
IT'S GOTTEN SO --

THE POLITICS AND THEN
THE QUESTIONS ABOUT GOD

AND THEN
THE CLIMATE CHANGE --

IT'S ALL JUST BECOME THIS BALL
OF SOUND BITES.

YEAH.

AND PEOPLE CAN'T
PARSE IT OUT.

YEAH, AND I GUESS
THAT'S REALLY WHAT IT IS,

IS THAT IF YOU ACCEPT
CLIMATE CHANGE,

THEN, "I HAVE TO VOTE
FOR OBAMA."

OR IF I SAY, YOU KNOW,
IT'S NOT REAL,

THEN I CAN STAY WITH
MY POLITICAL AFFILIATION,

I CAN STAY WITH THE CHURCH,
AND EVERYTHING'S ALL GOOD

BECAUSE, REALLY, WHAT
MOST PEOPLE WANT TO DO,

I THINK,
IS AVOID CONFLICT.

YOU KNOW, A THERMOMETER
IS NOT REPUBLICAN.

A THERMOMETER
IS NOT DEMOCRAT.

THE MORE TIME I SPEND HERE,
THE MORE I WONDER,

IS THERE A WAY
TO DISCUSS CLIMATE CHANGE

WITHOUT POLITICS OR RELIGION
GETTING IN THE WAY?

COULD THIS KIND OF DISCUSSION
HAPPEN IN PLAINVIEW?

[ INDISTINCT SHOUTING ]

Man:
AT LEAST TWO EXPLOSIONS,

MOST LIKELY CAR BOMBS,

IN A TOWN ALONG TURKEY'S BORDER
WITH SYRIA.

WHILE THE DETAILS OF THIS
ATTACK ARE STILL COMING OUT,

TODAY'S ATTACK RAISES FEARS
THAT SYRIA'S BRUTAL CIVIL WAR

MAY BE CROSSING
INTO NEIGHBORING TURKEY NOW.

Friedman:
AS WE PREPARE TO LEAVE,

THERE'S A MAJOR BOMBING
ON OUR SIDE OF THE BORDER

JUST A FEW TOWNS OVER.

I THINK IT'S THE WORST
SUCH A THING

HAPPEN IN TURKEY IN YEARS.

THE BORDER'S BOUND TO BE
BRISTLING WITH TURKISH TROOPS,

AND ALL THE BORDER CROSSINGS
I'VE DONE,

THERE'S BEEN COMPLICATIONS.

WHAT'S GOING ON ON THE OTHER
SIDE OF THAT BORDER RIGHT NOW?

WHAT IS IT LIKE?

NOW IT'S SOMEHOW MORE RISKY

AFTER THE BLASTS IN REYHANLI.

THE CLOSEST FIGHTING IS HERE --
35 KILOMETERS SOUTH.

WHERE ARE WE RIGHT NOW?

WE ARE HERE NOW.

I THINK YOU CAN GET PERMISSION
TO PASS FROM AKCAKALE.

Man #2:
THE SECONDARY AIM --

I CLASSIFY IT AS THE SECONDARY
AIM -- IS YOUR JOB.

THE SECONDARY AIM?
THAT'S THE SECONDARY AIM.

THE PRIMARY AIM IS THAT
EVERYBODY GOES HOME

IN EXACTLY THE SAME CONDITION
THAT WE'RE ALL SITTING HERE NOW.

IT'S THE MOST DANGEROUS PLACE
FOR JOURNALISTS

IN THE WORLD
AT THE MOMENT.

NOBODY REALLY KNOWS
WE'RE COMING.

THAT CORRECT?
YEAH.

[ INDISTINCT CONVERSATIONS ]

Ford: LAST YEAR,

WHAT WAS HAPPENING
AT TESSO NILO NATIONAL PARK

BECAME SUCH AN EMBARRASSMENT

THAT THE FORESTRY MINISTER
WAS FORCED TO PAY A VISIT.

HE URGED THE PEOPLE THERE
TO STOP THE DESTRUCTION.

HE HAS THE POWER
AND THE RESPONSIBILITY

TO BACK UP THESE WORDS
WITH ACTION.

BUT I'VE HEARD
IT HASN'T EXACTLY HAPPENED.

THE TOTAL PARK SIZE RIGHT NOW
ON PAPER IS 86,000 HECTARES.

Man #2:
AND HOW MUCH IS LEFT NOW

OF THAT ORIGINAL AREA
OF THE PARK?

RIGHT NOW WE ESTIMATE
ABOUT 18,000 HECTARE

OF GOOD FOREST LEFT IN THE PARK.

EVERYTHING ELSE IS EITHER
VERY DEGRADED FOREST

OR OPEN WASTE LANDS,
OPEN BRUSH AREAS,

AND MOST OF IT IS
PALM-OIL PLANTATION NOW.

ISN'T THE FORESTRY
DEPARTMENT

RESPONSIBLE FOR POLICING
THIS KIND OF ACTIVITY?

YES, THE MINISTRY OF FORESTRY

IS IN CHARGE OF DOING
ALL THE LAW ENFORCEMENT.

WHAT HAPPENS?

MOST OF THE TIME,
NOTHING HAPPENS.

IF YOU LOOK ALL AROUND US NOW,

WE SEE ALL THESE PATCHES
OF BLACK SOIL

ALL OVER THE PLACE --
LEFT, RIGHT, FRONT, EVERYWHERE.

IT'S ALL BURN SCARS.

THEY BURN ALL THE LOGS
ON THE GROUND HERE.

THIS IS HORRIFYING.
LOOK AT THAT.

THEY JUST CUT THEM
AT THE BASE,

DROPPED THE TREES,
BURNED EVERYTHING.

RIGHT.
WOW.

Ford: IF INDONESIA'S
FORESTRY MINISTER

WON'T EVEN PROTECT
A NATIONAL PARK,

WHAT HOPE IS THERE FOR THE REST
OF THE COUNTRY'S FORESTS?

Man:
THERE IS STILL SMOLDERING.

THE FIRE, THE SMOKE IS STILL
COMING UP OVER THERE.

THE GUYS ARE ALREADY
SETTING THE SEEDLINGS

INTO THE FRESH BLACK SOIL.

THIS MAKES A COMPLETE JOKE

OUT OF THE CONCEPT
OF NATIONAL PARK.

IT'S REALLY SAD.

86,000 HECTARES,
AND IT'S HARDLY ANYTHING LEFT.

THIS IS UNBELIEVABLE.

OH, I CAN'T WAIT TO SEE
THE MINISTER OF FORESTRY.

I CAN'T WAIT!

Cheadle: PLAINVIEW, TEXAS,
IS STILL REELING

FROM THE CARGILL PLANT CLOSURE.

TO PAY THE BILLS, THE CITY
RAISED PROPERTY TAXES,

AND THE SCHOOL DISTRICT
LOST OVER 200 STUDENTS

BECAUSE SO MANY FAMILIES
HAD TO LEAVE.

NOW KATHARINE HAYHO
IS COMING TO TOWN

TO TALK ABOUT THE DROUGHT
THAT CAUSED IT ALL.

PEOPLE FROM ALL OVER ARE CURIOUS
TO HEAR WHAT SHE HAS TO SAY.

Carter: YOU'D HAVE TO BE
A LITTLE BIT CRAZY

NOT TO AT LEAST WANT TO KNOW
A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT IT.

I MEAN, SHE CERTAINLY,

TO ME, IS MORE CREDIBLE
THAN SOMEBODY LIKE AL GORE,

IF WE'RE GONNA PICK ON AL GORE.

BUT SHE HAS THE SAME BELIEFS
AS I DO,

AS FAR AS FROM A CHRISTIAN,
YOU KNOW, BASE DEAL.

Cheadle: NELLIE MONTEZ
EVEN MADE THE SIX-HOUR DRIVE

FROM SAN ANTONIO.

Montez:
I WANT TO KNOW WHAT IT IS

THAT REALLY CAUSED THIS DROUGHT.

SO WHEN TOMORROW
OR THE DAY AFTER TOMORROW,

MY KIDS SAY, YOU KNOW,
"WHAT IS THAT?

WHAT ARE THEY TALKING ABOUT?"
I HAVE SOME KIND OF ANSWERS.

YOU KNOW, 'CAUSE RIGHT NOW
NOBODY KNOWS.

EVEN MY DAD ASKED ME,
"WHAT'S IT ABOUT?"

I DON'T KNOW WHAT TO TELL HIM.

Man: SO PLEASE JOIN ME

IN WELCOMING DR. KATHARINE HAYHO
TO THE PODIUM.

[ APPLAUSE ]

Hayho:
ONE OF THE MOST INCREDIBLE
THINGS ABOUT OUR PLANET

IS SOMETHING
THAT WE SEE EVERY DAY

AND WE PROBABLY DON'T EVER
NOTICE. IT'S OUR ATMOSPHERE.

JUST LIKE A BLANKET
ON A COLD NIGHT

KEEPS US WARM BY TRAPPING
OUR BODY HEAT UNDER THE BLANKET,

IN THE SAME WAY,

OUR ATMOSPHERE
KEEPS US 60 DEGREES WARMER

THAN WE WOULD BE
WITH NO ATMOSPHERE.

IF WE DIDN'T HAVE THESE LITTLE
THINGS OF CARBON DIOXIDE

IN OUR ATMOSPHERE,
WE'D BE A FROZEN BALL OF ICE.

WHAT'S HAPPENING IS WE HAVE THIS
NATURAL GREENHOUSE EFFECT HERE

WITH THIS NATURAL ATMOSPHERE,

AND WE ARE ADDING
AN EXTRA LAYER TO IT

THAT WAS NEVER INTENDED
TO BE THERE.

WHEN I LOOK AT THE INFORMATION
THAT WE GET FROM THE PLANET,

I LOOK AT IT AS GOD'S CREATION
SPEAKING TO US.

AND IN THIS CASE,
THERE'S NO QUESTION

THAT GOD'S CREATION IS TELLING
US THAT IT IS RUNNING A FEVER.

Cheadle: AS I LISTEN,

I FIND MYSELF WONDERING
WHY FAITH AND SCIENCE

ALWAYS SEEM SO FAR APART.

CLIMATE'S CHANGING
BECAUSE OF WHAT WE'RE DOING.

THERE'S NO WAY AROUND IT.

Cheadle: IF THERE WERE MORE
PEOPLE LIKE KATHARINE,

MAYBE THEY WOULDN'T HAVE TO BE.

DID YOU GET
TO MEET NELLIE?

NELLIE,
THIS IS KATHARINE.

I SAW YOU NODDING.
[ LAUGHTER ]

I'M NELLIE. I USED TO WORK
AT THE CARGILL PLANT.
OH, OKAY.

SHE WAS JUST TALKING ABOUT

THAT SHE HADN'T REALLY
THOUGHT ABOUT --

WELL, TELL ME
WHAT YOU WERE SAYING.

JUST LIKE THE THINGS
THAT YOU WERE SAYING

THAT WE CAN DO AS FAR AS,
YOU KNOW,

TAKING SOME OF THAT LAYER
OF BLANKET OFF, YOU KNOW?

RIGHT THERE, I'M SITTING THERE
GOING, "I DIDN'T KNOW THAT.

WOW! I DIDN'T KNOW THAT."

YOU KNOW,
WHEN YOU HAVE SOMEBODY

THAT BELIEVES
THE SAME WAY AS YOU

AND IS FROM
THIS PART OF THE --

OR HAS LIVED HERE
FOR QUITE A WHILE

AND IS TEACHING
AT TEXAS TECH,

YOU KNOW, YOU SEE
THAT CONSERVATIVE SIDE

OF THAT TELLING YOU
THE MESSAGE,

IT SURE MAKES A LOT
OF DIFFERENCE.

IT'S ABOUT HOW
IT COMES SOMETIMES,

NOT NECESSARILY WHAT IT IS,

AND IT'S HARD
TO DECOUPLE THOSE THINGS.

[ TRAIN WHISTLE BLOWING ]

Man: FATHER, YOUR WORD LETS US
KNOW IN JEREMIAH 29:7

TO PRAY FOR THE PEACE
AND THE PROSPERITY OF OUR CITY,

AND WE PRAY FOR THE PEACE
AND THE PROSPERITY, MY GOD.

* LET GOD BE EXALTED

* GOD BE EXALTED

Montez: WE ALL BELIEVE THAT
WE WERE GONNA COME TOGETHER,

PRAY ABOUT THIS,

AND SOMETHING'S GONNA CHANGE
FOR PLAINVIEW.

I HAD NEVER HEARD
OF CLIMATE CHANGE.

AFTER HEARING KATHARINE,
I WAS JUST LIKE, "WOW."

WELL, IF WE START USING
THE RIGHT THINGS

AND DOING THE RIGHT THINGS,
WE CAN PROBABLY SAVE OUR PLANET.

* WE LIVE FOR YOUR GLORY

* LIVE FOR YOUR GLORY

Hayho: I NAIVELY THOUGHT

THAT I WOULD STUDY
CLIMATE SCIENCE

UNTIL WE FIXED THE PROBLEM,

AND THEN I'D GO BACK
TO ASTROPHYSICS.

[ LAUGHS ]
THAT WAS A LONG TIME AGO.

IT WAS URGENT WHEN I STARTED
STUDYING THIS PROBLEM,

AND IT'S WAY MORE URGENT TODAY.

AND SO UNTIL WE HAVE
POLICIES IN PLACE

TO ACTUALLY START CURBING
OUR CARBON EMISSIONS

AND REDUCING THE IMPACT

WE'RE HAVING ON OUR PLANET,
I HAVE TO KEEP GOING.

Friedman:
ONCE WE CROSS THE BORDER,

THE SIGNS OF WAR ARE EVERYWHERE.

HERE.
THIS IS OUR CHECKPOINT HERE.

TOM. NICE TO MEET YOU.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

Friedman:
THE COMMANDER TELLS ME

HE USED TO BE A COTTON FARMER.

BUT WHEN THE DROUGHT HIT,

HE HAD TO TURN TO SMUGGLING
TO FEED HIS FAMILY.

STARVING MAKES YOU
DO ANYTHING.

WHEN THEY WRITE THE HISTORY
OF THIS REVOLUTION,

HOW IMPORTANT
WILL THE DROUGHT BE?

AFTER SHARING A MEAL
WITH THE COMMANDER,

IT'S TIME TO TURN BACK.

IT'S DANGEROUS TO LINGER
AROUND HERE,

EVEN THIS CLOSE TO THE BORDER.

LATER, I'LL FIND OUT THAT THIS
TOWN WAS TAKEN OVER BY AL QAEDA

AND THAT 100 PEOPLE
WERE EXECUTED.

AS WE LEAVE,

THE WORDS OF THE SYRIAN
COMMANDER RING IN MY HEAD.

HE CALLED IT A REVOLUTION
OF FREEDOM

AND A REVOLUTION OF THE HUNGRY.

DROUGHTS ARE NOTHING NEW.

NEITHER ARE BRUTAL DICTATORS,
RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS,

OR PEOPLE'S DESIRE FOR FREEDOM.

BUT FOR THE SYRIANS WHO LIVED
THROUGH IT,

THE DROUGHT WILL BE FOREVER
SEARED INTO THEIR MEMORIES

AND FOREVER SHAPE
THEIR FEELINGS

TOWARD THE REGIME
THEY NOW SEEK TO OVERTHROW.

AND THE REST OF US
SHOULD TAKE NOTICE.

THIS VOLATILE PART OF THE WORLD

IS ONLY GETTING HOTTER
AND DRYER.

MORE DROUGHTS MAY MEAN
MORE PEOPLE DISPLACED,

MORE LIVES UPROOTED,
PERHAPS MORE WAR.

AND WE'D BE VERY FOOLISH
TO THINK IT WON'T AFFECT US.