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Narrator: in the early part
Of the 20th century,
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00:00:56,448 --> 00:00:57,827
Headphones were used mainly
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00:00:57,931 --> 00:01:01,103
By telephone operators
And radio technicians.
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00:01:01,206 --> 00:01:02,448
But in the 1930s,
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00:01:02,551 --> 00:01:05,862
They were redesigned
And marketed to the public,
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00:01:05,965 --> 00:01:08,517
So music lovers everywhere
Plugged in
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00:01:08,620 --> 00:01:11,551
And turned on to the concept.
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00:01:15,413 --> 00:01:17,758
Everyone is a music critic,
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00:01:17,862 --> 00:01:20,448
But headphones allow people
To crank up the volume
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Without negative feedback
From neighbors.
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00:01:24,103 --> 00:01:25,896
To make high-end headphones,
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00:01:26,000 --> 00:01:29,931
An injection-molding machine
First makes plastic back covers.
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00:01:32,206 --> 00:01:35,068
The mesh area will allow
Sound waves to pass through
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00:01:35,172 --> 00:01:37,827
Instead of reflecting back
Into the headphone.
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00:01:42,482 --> 00:01:43,689
Down the line,
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00:01:43,793 --> 00:01:46,413
Equipment stamps trademark
And other information
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00:01:46,517 --> 00:01:48,896
Onto two more
Casing components --
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00:01:49,000 --> 00:01:52,103
A decorative metal disk,
And a plastic housing.
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00:01:56,241 --> 00:01:58,655
The next machine
Winds copper wire
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00:01:58,758 --> 00:02:00,724
That's as thin as human hair
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00:02:00,827 --> 00:02:03,206
Around a cylinder
Hundreds of times.
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00:02:03,310 --> 00:02:05,758
The winding
Is computer controlled
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00:02:05,862 --> 00:02:08,137
To produce
A critical component --
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00:02:08,241 --> 00:02:11,275
The headphone's voice coil.
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00:02:11,379 --> 00:02:14,000
When magnetized
By an incoming signal,
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00:02:14,103 --> 00:02:16,620
The voice coil
Vibrates a diaphragm,
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00:02:16,724 --> 00:02:19,034
Causing it to emit sound.
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00:02:19,137 --> 00:02:21,758
That diaphragm now takes shape
29
00:02:21,862 --> 00:02:26,275
As a press applies heat and
Pressure to a plastic membrane.
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00:02:26,379 --> 00:02:29,310
These tools mold the plastic
To the desired shape.
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00:02:29,413 --> 00:02:32,068
The press molds the plastic
Thicker in the center
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00:02:32,172 --> 00:02:33,896
And thinner
Around the outer zone
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00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:37,827
For a wide and flat
Audio-frequency range.
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00:02:37,931 --> 00:02:41,172
A technician punches out
The molded shape.
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00:02:45,034 --> 00:02:47,689
She applies a bead of glue
To the diaphragm,
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00:02:47,793 --> 00:02:53,068
Then positions the copper voice
Coil in an assembly device.
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00:02:53,172 --> 00:02:56,862
She aligns the glued section
Of the diaphragm with the coil.
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00:02:56,965 --> 00:02:59,517
Ultraviolet light
Activates the glue
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00:02:59,620 --> 00:03:02,068
To seal the coil
To the diaphragm.
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00:03:06,344 --> 00:03:09,103
The plastic housings
Each contain a magnet.
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00:03:09,206 --> 00:03:12,689
The next technician
Installs the diaphragm
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00:03:12,793 --> 00:03:16,172
And voice-coil assembly
On that housing.
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00:03:16,275 --> 00:03:17,827
This takes skill
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00:03:17,931 --> 00:03:20,517
Because the coil must be
Positioned precisely
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00:03:20,620 --> 00:03:22,689
For the best sound quality.
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00:03:25,103 --> 00:03:28,379
And this headphone speaker
Is now ready for an audio check.
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00:03:28,482 --> 00:03:32,103
A technician tests
The audio-frequency range,
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00:03:32,206 --> 00:03:35,413
Distortion, and other factors.
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00:03:35,517 --> 00:03:38,379
Here, a technician joins
The ends of curved wires
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00:03:38,482 --> 00:03:40,655
In a plastic clip.
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00:03:40,758 --> 00:03:43,241
These wires
Serve a dual function.
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00:03:43,344 --> 00:03:46,310
They hold the headphones
Snugly over the ears
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00:03:46,413 --> 00:03:47,827
And deliver audio signals
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00:03:47,931 --> 00:03:50,413
From the left side
Of the headphones the right.
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00:03:54,172 --> 00:03:56,724
The next technician
Installs a connector
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00:03:56,827 --> 00:04:00,551
For the headphone's audio cable
And a plastic strain relief.
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00:04:04,034 --> 00:04:06,689
An adjustable band
Will allow the headphones
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00:04:06,793 --> 00:04:09,172
To fit on heads
Of all shapes and sizes.
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00:04:09,275 --> 00:04:13,379
The operator presses the parts
Together with a hydraulic tool.
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00:04:19,413 --> 00:04:20,862
Moving down the line,
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00:04:20,965 --> 00:04:24,931
A technician now joins the two
Halves of the speaker housing.
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00:04:25,034 --> 00:04:27,103
She forces
The two parts together
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00:04:27,206 --> 00:04:29,896
With a pneumatic tool...
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00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:33,482
And finishes it off
With a decorative metal ring.
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00:04:40,931 --> 00:04:43,206
She inserts
The speaker mechanism
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00:04:43,310 --> 00:04:45,068
In the center of the housing,
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00:04:45,172 --> 00:04:48,206
Then places plastic brackets
Over it for protection.
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00:04:50,689 --> 00:04:54,206
She then secures the entire
Assembly to the housing.
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00:05:00,655 --> 00:05:04,482
Next, she solders two wires
To each headphone speaker.
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00:05:04,586 --> 00:05:07,655
A plastic ring and cover
Protect it
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00:05:07,758 --> 00:05:11,172
While still allowing the wires
To protrude.
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00:05:15,137 --> 00:05:18,172
She attaches the end of
The headband to the speakers...
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00:05:21,413 --> 00:05:23,931
...Then solders the wires
From the speaker
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00:05:24,034 --> 00:05:26,758
To those protruding
From the headband.
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00:05:26,862 --> 00:05:29,620
She presses a plastic grille
Into place
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00:05:29,724 --> 00:05:32,000
Over each speaker
Very carefully,
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00:05:32,103 --> 00:05:34,931
To prevent scratching.
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00:05:35,034 --> 00:05:38,965
The headphones are now wired
And ready for audio.
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00:05:39,068 --> 00:05:41,000
And whether it's rock
Or classical,
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00:05:41,103 --> 00:05:43,000
The choice of music
Will be silent
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00:05:43,103 --> 00:05:46,034
To all but one individual.
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00:06:00,655 --> 00:06:05,068
Narrator:
The diving regulator is a
Lifeline when you're underwater.
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00:06:05,172 --> 00:06:07,206
Invented in 1937,
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00:06:07,310 --> 00:06:10,034
This device converts
Compressed air from diving tanks
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00:06:10,137 --> 00:06:11,896
Into a breathable form
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00:06:12,000 --> 00:06:14,482
And delivers it to the diver
Via a mouthpiece.
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00:06:14,586 --> 00:06:17,034
And that means,
Once you've taken the plunge,
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You can breathe easy.
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00:06:23,379 --> 00:06:28,275
The two main parts of a diving
Regulator are called stages.
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00:06:28,379 --> 00:06:31,344
Computerized tools
Transform a piece of brass
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00:06:31,448 --> 00:06:34,137
Into the first-stage housing.
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00:06:34,241 --> 00:06:36,206
They carve a cavity and holes
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00:06:36,310 --> 00:06:39,275
For attaching hoses
And other components.
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00:06:40,655 --> 00:06:44,103
A blade cuts the part to size.
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00:06:44,206 --> 00:06:46,206
Then, a drill creates a space
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00:06:46,310 --> 00:06:48,620
For the
Pressure-reduction valve.
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00:06:48,724 --> 00:06:52,758
This end also gets holes
For more attachments.
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00:06:52,862 --> 00:06:56,551
Another tool sculpts the side to
Reduce the weight of the part.
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00:07:00,068 --> 00:07:01,344
Sliced in two,
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00:07:01,448 --> 00:07:05,137
This is how the first-stage
Housing looks inside.
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00:07:07,517 --> 00:07:09,206
After it's been chrome-plated,
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00:07:09,310 --> 00:07:12,551
They insert plugs for the holes
That will later be used
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00:07:12,655 --> 00:07:15,793
For attaching gauges, hoses,
And other parts.
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00:07:20,034 --> 00:07:23,310
The fitting that connects
The regulator to the scuba tank
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00:07:23,413 --> 00:07:25,034
Goes into a holding device,
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00:07:25,137 --> 00:07:27,689
While the technician
Assembles a special valve
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00:07:27,793 --> 00:07:31,137
For keeping salt water out.
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00:07:31,241 --> 00:07:33,862
He fits a piston
Onto the end of a spring,
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00:07:33,965 --> 00:07:36,379
And then slips the assembly
Through a hole
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00:07:36,482 --> 00:07:39,103
To confirm it's the right size.
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00:07:39,206 --> 00:07:43,413
He installs a filter
On the other end of the spring.
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00:07:46,344 --> 00:07:50,758
Now he inserts the valve
In the fitting.
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00:07:50,862 --> 00:07:53,758
He secures it
With this rubber ring,
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00:07:53,862 --> 00:07:56,586
Pressing it into a groove
In the fitting.
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00:07:59,068 --> 00:08:02,965
The valve appears
To be firmly entrenched.
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00:08:03,068 --> 00:08:07,862
He presses it to confirm
It operates correctly.
117
00:08:07,965 --> 00:08:11,034
And he pumps water
Into a bunch of these fittings
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00:08:11,137 --> 00:08:14,517
To confirm the valves inside
Are, indeed, watertight.
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00:08:16,206 --> 00:08:18,724
He attaches a rubber cover
And a chrome-plated yoke
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00:08:18,827 --> 00:08:20,413
To the fitting,
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00:08:20,517 --> 00:08:23,241
Then installs this assembly
In the housing,
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00:08:23,344 --> 00:08:27,034
Using a long-handled socket
Wrench to get the right torque.
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00:08:29,206 --> 00:08:33,103
This yoke swivels to give
The diver some flexibility
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00:08:33,206 --> 00:08:35,965
In attaching it
To the diving tank.
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00:08:36,068 --> 00:08:38,620
He now assembles
A crucial component --
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00:08:38,724 --> 00:08:40,965
The high-pressure
Reduction valve.
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00:08:41,068 --> 00:08:43,724
Installed inside
The first-stage housing,
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00:08:43,827 --> 00:08:47,620
It converts high pressure
To medium pressure.
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00:08:47,724 --> 00:08:49,655
He caps the yoke with a knob,
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00:08:49,758 --> 00:08:52,620
Then inserts
A pressure-sensing mechanism
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00:08:52,724 --> 00:08:55,379
At one end
Of the first-stage housing.
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00:08:55,482 --> 00:08:58,034
He covers it
With a rubber membrane.
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00:08:58,137 --> 00:08:59,896
As the diver inhales,
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00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:04,620
This membrane will trigger
The valve to release more air.
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00:09:04,724 --> 00:09:08,689
The diving regulator's
First stage is now complete.
136
00:09:08,793 --> 00:09:13,517
He just needs to calibrate the
Pressure-reduction valve inside.
137
00:09:13,620 --> 00:09:16,827
He hooks it up to compressed air
And adjusts the valve
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00:09:16,931 --> 00:09:20,551
So it reduces air pressure
To a precise level.
139
00:09:29,379 --> 00:09:32,413
He immerses it in water
To test for air leaks.
140
00:09:32,517 --> 00:09:35,724
There are a few bubbles
From plunging it underwater,
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00:09:35,827 --> 00:09:39,827
But nothing that would indicate
A problem.
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00:09:39,931 --> 00:09:44,000
They now move on to the diving
Regulator's second stage,
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00:09:44,103 --> 00:09:46,344
Which will convert
The medium-pressure air
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00:09:46,448 --> 00:09:48,724
From the first stage
To a breathable level.
145
00:09:48,827 --> 00:09:51,379
The diver's breathing
Will trigger this diaphragm
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00:09:51,482 --> 00:09:52,689
To open the air valve.
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00:09:54,793 --> 00:09:57,000
He attached a protective cover,
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00:09:57,103 --> 00:10:00,689
And he's ready to install
The second-stage valve.
149
00:10:05,275 --> 00:10:08,517
After he inserts it
In the second-stage housing,
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00:10:08,620 --> 00:10:12,103
The technician makes
An initial adjustment.
151
00:10:12,206 --> 00:10:16,413
Then, using a special tool, he
Precisely calibrates the valve.
152
00:10:22,034 --> 00:10:27,241
He removed the diaphragm for the
Last steps, so he reinstalls it.
153
00:10:31,068 --> 00:10:34,517
Then, it's over to a guy
With an ear for the job.
154
00:10:34,620 --> 00:10:37,241
As air is pumped into
The second stage,
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00:10:37,344 --> 00:10:40,793
He listens for hisses
That would indicate a leak.
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00:10:40,896 --> 00:10:42,586
Satisfied there are none,
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00:10:42,689 --> 00:10:44,551
He hooks the regulator
Up to a device
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00:10:44,655 --> 00:10:46,103
That simulates breathing
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00:10:46,206 --> 00:10:48,758
And measures the effort
Required to inhale.
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00:10:48,862 --> 00:10:52,517
If it checks out, they link
The two stages with a hose,
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00:10:52,620 --> 00:10:56,517
And this diving regulator is now
Equipped to handle the pressure.
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00:11:09,344 --> 00:11:11,931
Narrator: good lighting is often
A matter of reflection,
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00:11:12,034 --> 00:11:13,206
And that's why, early on,
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00:11:13,310 --> 00:11:15,827
Lamps often came
With reflectors.
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00:11:15,931 --> 00:11:19,931
But, in 1935, a company figured
Out how to make light bulbs
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00:11:20,034 --> 00:11:21,758
With built-in reflectors.
167
00:11:21,862 --> 00:11:24,172
Sealing the reflectors
Inside the bulb
168
00:11:24,275 --> 00:11:26,655
Kept them clean
And maintenance-free.
169
00:11:30,551 --> 00:11:33,655
As track lights
Or in recessed fixtures,
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00:11:33,758 --> 00:11:38,206
Reflector bulbs can light up
A room at the flick of a switch.
171
00:11:38,310 --> 00:11:41,689
The creation of these bulbs
Begins with the bulb shell,
172
00:11:41,793 --> 00:11:44,413
Known as the glass envelope.
173
00:11:44,517 --> 00:11:49,862
It's comprised of numerous raw
Ingredients and recycled glass.
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00:11:49,965 --> 00:11:53,172
Production is almost
Entirely automated.
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00:11:53,275 --> 00:11:57,448
An operator activates equipment
That weighs the ingredients
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00:11:57,551 --> 00:11:59,965
And releases them
Into a huge hopper,
177
00:12:00,068 --> 00:12:02,068
Where they're mixed thoroughly.
178
00:12:05,448 --> 00:12:07,413
This concoction
Then flows into a furnace
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00:12:07,517 --> 00:12:10,689
Heated to 2,700 degrees
Fahrenheit.
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00:12:16,379 --> 00:12:17,931
It takes up to 24 hours
181
00:12:18,034 --> 00:12:21,931
For the mix to melt
Into a taffylike glass.
182
00:12:22,034 --> 00:12:25,724
It flows between rollers
That shape it into a ribbon.
183
00:12:25,827 --> 00:12:28,862
One roller has little pockets
On the surface,
184
00:12:28,965 --> 00:12:31,034
Which form the ribbon
Into segments.
185
00:12:33,275 --> 00:12:35,517
These devices,
Called blow heads,
186
00:12:35,620 --> 00:12:37,000
Inflate the glass segments
187
00:12:37,103 --> 00:12:39,206
Through holes
In the conveyor chain.
188
00:12:44,344 --> 00:12:48,482
This stretches the glass into
Oblong bubbles called blanks.
189
00:12:56,068 --> 00:13:00,206
Iron molds encase the warm
And pliable glass blanks.
190
00:13:04,517 --> 00:13:08,965
The molds spin as the glass
Hardens into the desired shape.
191
00:13:11,862 --> 00:13:16,137
The glass blanks now look like
Upside-down martini glasses.
192
00:13:16,241 --> 00:13:19,655
This is the reflector bulb's
Glass envelope.
193
00:13:19,758 --> 00:13:23,068
It takes just seconds for
A glass blank to be transformed
194
00:13:23,172 --> 00:13:25,448
Inside one of these molds.
195
00:13:29,896 --> 00:13:33,724
The envelopes are still linked
By a ribbon of glass at the top,
196
00:13:33,827 --> 00:13:37,793
So an automated hammer
Now gently knocks them free.
197
00:13:39,965 --> 00:13:42,551
The glass envelopes
Cool down slowly.
198
00:13:42,655 --> 00:13:44,551
This stage, called annealing,
199
00:13:44,655 --> 00:13:47,862
Toughens the glass
To reduce brittleness.
200
00:13:51,931 --> 00:13:54,172
They measure the thickness
And diameter
201
00:13:54,275 --> 00:13:55,586
Of one of the envelopes.
202
00:13:55,689 --> 00:13:57,241
If it's not up to standards,
203
00:13:57,344 --> 00:14:00,793
The entire production run
Will be crushed,
204
00:14:00,896 --> 00:14:03,103
And the glass recycled
Into new ones.
205
00:14:03,206 --> 00:14:08,034
But the envelope is good,
And so, production continues.
206
00:14:08,137 --> 00:14:10,413
They lower the envelopes
Over nozzles
207
00:14:10,517 --> 00:14:12,206
That inject hydrofluoric acid.
208
00:14:12,310 --> 00:14:15,724
It coats the inner surface of
The glass with a frosty finish
209
00:14:15,827 --> 00:14:18,310
That will smooth the light
Emitted by the bulb
210
00:14:18,413 --> 00:14:20,275
And widen the beam.
211
00:14:26,034 --> 00:14:28,448
The envelopes
Now head down a chute,
212
00:14:28,551 --> 00:14:31,103
Into a padded channel
That cushions their fall.
213
00:14:36,620 --> 00:14:38,275
Guides gently position them.
214
00:14:38,379 --> 00:14:41,137
Then, other devices
Thrust them into holders
215
00:14:41,241 --> 00:14:43,103
Which move them down the line.
216
00:14:46,103 --> 00:14:50,275
Next, a robot inserts
Aluminum wire in a heating coil
217
00:14:50,379 --> 00:14:53,724
And places a protective
Metal dome over top.
218
00:14:59,034 --> 00:15:02,034
Suction cups
Pick up the glass envelopes
219
00:15:02,137 --> 00:15:05,620
And slide them onto
The wire-and-dome assemblies.
220
00:15:05,724 --> 00:15:07,448
A pump pulls air out of the bulb
221
00:15:07,551 --> 00:15:10,379
As an electrical current
Energizes the heating coil
222
00:15:10,482 --> 00:15:13,793
To melt the aluminum wire.
223
00:15:13,896 --> 00:15:17,344
The aluminum adheres to the
Walls of the light bulb's shell,
224
00:15:17,448 --> 00:15:19,448
Giving it a reflective finish.
225
00:15:21,724 --> 00:15:23,517
The glass envelopes then move on
226
00:15:23,620 --> 00:15:27,206
To be stamped with the company
Trademark and other information.
227
00:15:31,931 --> 00:15:33,896
Meanwhile,
On another production line,
228
00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:35,758
They're preparing
The glass mounts
229
00:15:35,862 --> 00:15:37,724
For the filament
And wire contacts.
230
00:15:37,827 --> 00:15:41,724
A cutting wheel
Slices them to size.
231
00:15:43,413 --> 00:15:46,137
The tubes then travel past
A flame,
232
00:15:46,241 --> 00:15:50,310
Which melts the ends just a bit
To make the edges smooth.
233
00:15:50,413 --> 00:15:51,586
Once they've cooled,
234
00:15:51,689 --> 00:15:54,586
Grippers deliver the tubes
To a more intense flame,
235
00:15:54,689 --> 00:15:57,137
Which flares them at one end.
236
00:15:57,241 --> 00:16:00,034
Coming up next, we'll show you
The inner workings
237
00:16:00,137 --> 00:16:03,000
Of the reflector light bulb.
238
00:16:16,758 --> 00:16:19,448
Narrator: a reflector light bulb
Can cast one's surroundings
239
00:16:19,551 --> 00:16:21,068
In a whole new light --
240
00:16:21,172 --> 00:16:23,620
One that's more intense
And focused.
241
00:16:23,724 --> 00:16:27,482
The source of this light is
An electrified filament of wire.
242
00:16:27,586 --> 00:16:31,344
And assembling that filament in
The bulb is a very delicate task
243
00:16:31,448 --> 00:16:34,206
That's performed
Entirely by machines.
244
00:16:38,758 --> 00:16:41,137
Production now focuses
On the glass tube
245
00:16:41,241 --> 00:16:43,896
That will serve as the mount
For the filament
246
00:16:44,000 --> 00:16:47,241
And its electrical contacts.
247
00:16:47,344 --> 00:16:51,206
Machinery inserts
Two copper wires into each tube.
248
00:16:51,310 --> 00:16:52,620
These are the lead wires
249
00:16:52,724 --> 00:16:55,724
That will eventually connect the
Base of the bulb to the filament
250
00:16:55,827 --> 00:16:57,517
And deliver
The electric current.
251
00:17:01,689 --> 00:17:03,793
These long glass tubes
Will be used
252
00:17:03,896 --> 00:17:05,482
To suck air
Out of the light bulb,
253
00:17:05,586 --> 00:17:11,310
Preventing oxygen from reaching
The filament and destroying it.
254
00:17:11,413 --> 00:17:13,379
They protrude
From the glass mount,
255
00:17:13,482 --> 00:17:14,827
But that's just temporary.
256
00:17:14,931 --> 00:17:17,241
They will later be cut shorter.
257
00:17:19,758 --> 00:17:22,137
Torches now melt
The glass mount,
258
00:17:22,241 --> 00:17:24,965
Lead wires,
And exhaust tube together.
259
00:17:29,103 --> 00:17:32,275
Mechanized fingers then pinch
The layers together,
260
00:17:32,379 --> 00:17:34,862
And the wires
Are now encased in glass
261
00:17:34,965 --> 00:17:37,655
But protrude
From the glass base.
262
00:17:42,724 --> 00:17:45,827
Grippers transfer
The closed mounts to a carousel.
263
00:17:45,931 --> 00:17:48,931
It revolves to allow the mounts
To receive a coil
264
00:17:49,034 --> 00:17:51,241
Made of tungsten metal.
265
00:17:51,344 --> 00:17:54,310
This coil is the filament
Of the reflector light bulb.
266
00:17:58,206 --> 00:18:01,275
Mechanized fingers
Attach the small coil
267
00:18:01,379 --> 00:18:03,551
To hooks on the two lead wires.
268
00:18:03,655 --> 00:18:06,896
The coiled filament is wobbly,
269
00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:10,551
So next it gets some support.
270
00:18:10,655 --> 00:18:13,931
First, machinery bends
The lead wires
271
00:18:14,034 --> 00:18:16,620
To move them and the filament
Out of the way.
272
00:18:16,724 --> 00:18:19,827
Then, a robot presses the tip
Of the glass exhaust tube
273
00:18:19,931 --> 00:18:21,068
Onto a burner.
274
00:18:21,172 --> 00:18:22,448
The tip melts,
275
00:18:22,551 --> 00:18:26,413
Allowing a metal support wire
To be embedded into it.
276
00:18:32,034 --> 00:18:34,379
Another robot
Bends the lead wires
277
00:18:34,482 --> 00:18:38,000
To position the filament
Adjacent to the support wire.
278
00:18:40,275 --> 00:18:44,206
The next station loops the wire
Around the filament.
279
00:18:44,310 --> 00:18:46,827
This gives the filament
The necessary support,
280
00:18:46,931 --> 00:18:48,206
And it stops wobbling.
281
00:18:52,379 --> 00:18:55,896
This 2-pronged device then
Straightens out the lead wires.
282
00:19:02,034 --> 00:19:05,310
The mount is now upright
And riding another carousel.
283
00:19:06,689 --> 00:19:10,137
Flippers set it straight
So a metal disk can be installed
284
00:19:10,241 --> 00:19:12,655
On the pinched section
Of the mount.
285
00:19:15,517 --> 00:19:17,379
This disk is reflective.
286
00:19:17,482 --> 00:19:18,931
It will bounce light downward
287
00:19:19,034 --> 00:19:21,379
To the shiny coating
Inside the light bulb,
288
00:19:21,482 --> 00:19:24,896
To create just the right effect.
289
00:19:25,000 --> 00:19:27,655
With the disk wrapped around it,
290
00:19:27,758 --> 00:19:32,241
The assembly is now positioned
On the next turntable.
291
00:19:32,344 --> 00:19:36,103
Suction cups deposit the glass
Envelope on the assembly,
292
00:19:36,206 --> 00:19:39,689
To encase the filament
And reflective disk inside.
293
00:19:46,931 --> 00:19:50,931
The holder twirls the bulb as it
Travels past a row of torches.
294
00:19:51,034 --> 00:19:54,344
The flames melt the neck
Of the glass envelope,
295
00:19:54,448 --> 00:19:57,517
And it closes
Around the glass mount.
296
00:19:59,482 --> 00:20:03,206
This secures the filament,
Contacts, and reflective disk
297
00:20:03,310 --> 00:20:05,310
Inside the bulb.
298
00:20:08,068 --> 00:20:11,517
Another set of torches, heated
To a much higher temperature,
299
00:20:11,620 --> 00:20:13,827
Trims the base of the bulb.
300
00:20:16,448 --> 00:20:19,620
Molding devices now move in
To shape the bottom of the bulb
301
00:20:19,724 --> 00:20:22,241
So a metal base
Can be fitted to it.
302
00:20:24,931 --> 00:20:27,827
A gripper then puts
That metal base on a track
303
00:20:27,931 --> 00:20:30,551
To meet up with
The reflector light bulb.
304
00:20:30,655 --> 00:20:33,827
By now, the bulb
Has been flushed of oxygen
305
00:20:33,931 --> 00:20:37,482
And filled with argon gas
So it will last longer.
306
00:20:37,586 --> 00:20:39,517
The metal base finishes it off
307
00:20:39,620 --> 00:20:43,448
And will allow the bulb to
Be screwed into a light fixture.
308
00:20:43,551 --> 00:20:45,620
Another flame
Heats the metal base
309
00:20:45,724 --> 00:20:47,896
To cure adhesive
That was preapplied
310
00:20:48,000 --> 00:20:50,379
For a strong bond to the bulb.
311
00:20:53,655 --> 00:20:56,344
Then, robots cut off
Protruding wire
312
00:20:56,448 --> 00:20:59,034
And form a contact on the base.
313
00:21:02,896 --> 00:21:04,793
It has taken just 12 minutes
314
00:21:04,896 --> 00:21:07,551
To assemble
This reflector light bulb,
315
00:21:07,655 --> 00:21:11,275
But it will provide
About 2,000 hours of light.
316
00:21:11,379 --> 00:21:14,275
--captions by vitac--
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317
00:21:14,379 --> 00:21:17,344
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318
00:21:20,862 --> 00:21:23,724
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319
00:21:23,827 --> 00:21:26,482
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320
00:21:26,586 --> 00:21:28,965
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