All language subtitles for 1月29日 (8)

hey everyone welcome back Aboy Amphosha here

I want to preface this video by saying that while

I'll be using unreal in this tutorial

just about everything in this video can be applied to

any renderer

whether you're using unreal yourself or Blender

Vray Redshift Octane whatever

it's all

more or less the same because lighting is lighting

and while there are a few

technical differences from one program to another

the fundamentals are all the same

now I get a lot of questions

about how to do nighttime lighting

because alabid

it's tricky

but before you skip ahead to good stuff wait a second

we need to observe how cinematographers

light their night scenes

in actual movies

I promise you this is going to help you

bear with me

understanding how movies are lit for night shots

is essential to getting a good result

let's take a look at some classic film shots here

and break down the lighting they used

and first off you'll notice when you look at these

you may realize that something feels a bit off

that is not real moonlight

you can clearly tell that this is a big

bright artificial light source

we can clearly see that the light is

coming from two different directions at once

which is a telltale sign that it's not natural light

why don't they just use moonlight

the reason being is because moonlight is way too dark

sunlight is roughly 100 thousand Lux in brightness

while moonlight is between

0.25 and 1 Lux

which means the sun is 100 to 400

thousand times brighter

than moonlight

even with modern cameras

with incredible low light performance

it's just not enough light to nail a correct exposure

without getting too much noise in the shot

you're going to need to crank up that gain or the ISO

to ridiculous numbers

and that's just that's just no Bueno

but secondly notice how all the shots here are very

cold or blue in color temperature

all of them

which is funny because moonlight is actually not blue

science tells us that moonlight

is actually a bit more red than

sunlight and has a color

temperature of about

4000 Kelvin which is very warm

if moonlight actually has a warm white color to it

why

do we light and grade moonlight to appear like a cold

blue TLDR it's called a perkina effect

in basic terms

our eyes will shift

peak

luminosity toward the blue end of the color spectrum

at low illumination levels

so our eyes will be using rods instead of cones

in the retina depending on the available light

with that knowledge

why

do films keep using blue to represent nighttime shots

honestly it's probably because

it's a convention

that audiences have come to recognize

just like how 24fps feels right

when you watch a movie and 48fps feels a bit weird

this kind of go with the show to art is very subjective

but to give you a visual example here

the shot of me with a white balance card

to get a neutral white balance

went outside during a full moon

it was bright enough to see my own shadow

and if I didn't know any better

it almost looked like a lightly cloudy day

now the lighting here looks

very flat because all of that snow

it acting like a huge reflector

but under normal non snowy condition

you would get a lot more

directionality to the moonlight

but here's another photo example

and it really does look like daylight

when exposed correctly

remember moonlight is just

way too dark to shoot well exposed clean video in

so cinematographers really need to compensate

with artificial lighting to make things feel

like they are moonlit without actually using moonlight

there are lots of ways to fake this but using huge

bright light sources

practical lights or what we call a day for night grade

which is the process of

actually shooting your footage during the day

in broad sunlight

getting the benefits of having

more like the feed by and work with

and then they colorgrade that footage in post

to make it look like a nighttime shot

by adjusting the highlights

the exposure and the white balance

sometimes to even go so far it to add

some sky replacements

in post for added effect

it's all a huge hack

it's total fakery making us believe it's a night shot

without actually needing to shoot at night

and that is what we're going to do right now

we're going to light this shot right here

entirely from scratch

right after the sponsored message

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and now let's get started in unreal

alright so now that

we're in unreal

the first thing you're going to notice is that

I'm using UE4

and there are a few reasons

I'm not using UE5 at the moment

first and foremost because foliage just does not

look quite as good in UE5 yet

so I'm sticking with ue4 right now

primarily for stability

and

slightly better quality you get with foliage assets

and there's a few other reasons as well

but we'll get into that a little bit later

so you'll see here I'm pretty much exclusively

using Megascan assets here including the trees

the trees are all the brand new Megascan tree assets

so you can recreate the scene yourself

very easily so

what we're going to do here is

we're going to delete every

single light in the scene

and start off with a blank slate

and just like that you'll see we've got nothing left

it's totally dark

let's start from scratch

so the first thing I like to do

before doing anything at all is to establish a sky

and in this environment

we don't really see the sky that much

but you may want to have a starry night sky

so

what we're gonna do is we're gonna go to the content

browser and in the Engine content folder

make sure that you have the

Show Engine content button turned on here

we're gonna search for sky

and we're gonna filter by blueprint class

and here we have the BP Sky sphere

we're gonna drag and drop this into a scene like that

and you'll see

now we have a sky

now this sky blueprint has been around since

the day Unreal Engine 4 came out pretty much

it is old but it is pretty useful to get a

kind of a basic sky system in there

if you need it

so what we're going to do now is with the

BP Sky Sphere selected

we're going to go to the details panel

and we're going to

adjust the sun height right here

turn this down like that

and next let's say something like that there we go

and now we're gonna change

the star's brightness right here

and crank that up a little bit

and you'll see

that's a very simple and effective way to get

stars in your sky now the texture is not that great

but you can go ahead and change that

in the material itself if you so desire

so if I go here

and open up this material

instance dynamic and open this master material

if I zoom out you'll see here

in these sky colors there's a texture here called t

Skystars and you can

use any tileable star texture that you want

and replace the default one just so you know

but for now I'm going to leave just like that

because I don't really need

any star because I don't really need anything better

then going back to my sequence

going back to my camera view

the next step involves creating a

directional light

and the directional light is going to be our

moonlight so to speak so

I'm going to go to lights

and drag and drop a directional light on my scene

like that

I got to move it closer so I can select it more easily

and two things

make sure we set it to moveable

and in the search detail panel again

I'm going to search for atmosphere

and we're going to turn on atmosphere sunlight

the only reason I have this checked on

is because now I can use the control

L shortcut to move and rotate the directional light

and really fine tune it the way I want it to

it's really just a handy tip that is good to know about

so what I want is for my moonlight so to speak

to really highlight

our hero asset and our hero prop here

our main subject is this lantern in the back over here

right so I want to make sure that my directional light

is really highlighting the edges here

I really want it to give a nice rim light to it

so I'm going to fine tune it kind of like this

until it really

illuminates all of those edges

because when it comes to lighting nighttime scenes

silhouette is probably the most important thing

silhouette is what you're going to see

is what's going to catch those edges

is what's going to make things

pop and stand out from the rest

keep that in mind because we're going to be

working a lot with

silhouette in a fog and silhouette with rim lighting

specifically so

keep that in mind

and now I might

increase my intensity

my sunlight to like 20 or something

just make it a little bit brighter

make things pop a little bit more

it helps the

trees get a little bit more illuminated as well and

but yeah you can play around with that for now

obviously we don't see anything

the lighting here is it just it's too dark

we have some interesting silhouettes

but that's about it

the next step

involved adding some fog because the fog here

especially in unreal is really going to help us

get that depth that we need

so let's go ahead and create that right now

we're going to go to a visual effect here

exponential height fog and drive it into our scene

and just like that

we're starting to get somewhere right

it went from looking like

total crap to this

in one click but first there are some

critically important things we need to change

before we move on

the first of which is changing

one of your project settings

so we're going to go to the settings tab up top here

go to project settings

and we're going to search for fog up here

and here is where you want to have

support sky atmosphere affecting height fog

make sure this is turned on

you may have to restart on real

if you do go ahead and do so before moving on

now once that project setting has been changed

we're going to select our exponential high fog

and go to the details

panel

and we need to set the fog and scattering color to

black

and set the directional and scattering color here

to black as well

the reason we're doing that is because

exponential height fog is

purely additive

and we're going to be using volumetric fog

okay so we want to make sure that all

only the volumetric fog is

affecting the fog so to speak

so the next step

is to scroll down a little bit further and turn on

volumetric fog here

now you'll see okay this looks

different not great different

what do we need to do now

the next step

is we need to select our directional light

and go to the search detail panel and search for Ray

because we're going to turn off ray tracing here

for several reasons

a it's going to make our foliage look better

in our trees b

ray trace shadows don't work with

volumetric fog very well

the ray trace shadows don't

catch shadows on volumetric fog

I did make a tutorial about this last year but

that was in 4.26 and in 4.27 that hack broke

so unfortunately

we're going to have to turn off ray tracing

for the directional light

to get our fog to shadow correctly

if you're using uv5 you don't need to worry about this

it's going to be just fine

because fog is properly shadowed in UE5

this is purely a ue4 issue

so we're going to go here

and turn off Cath ray tracing shadows

and you'll see okay

this is starting to look a bit more interesting

right now we got some fog in there

we got some fog kind of shining through

we got a bit more depths in our theme

if I toggle the fog on and off

before and after

big difference and I'm gonna hide the fog and

toggle the

Ray trace shadows

pay attention to the trees

look at the difference it makes

on the leaves themselves

this is with ray tracing on

and off

on and off so you'll see we get a little bit more of

a lush feeling with ray tray thing off

so this is very nice

if you don't have an RTX GPU

so I'm gonna turn on to fog again

and now

in my directional light I'm going to go ahead and

boost the fog a little bit

by increasing the volumetric scattering intensity

I'm going to set that to 3

and now you'll see wow

boom just like that we've got

way more depth to our scene

the whole thing feels way more alive

see we kind of got these

nice God Ray shining through but

if you do this in your scene

you're probably not gonna get the same result

now the reason why things look so good right now

is because I carefully laid out the scene

to get this desired effect

I placed all the sheets

perfectly to get the fog shining through

kind of like God red would shine through a window

let me get out of camera view here and get closer

to show you what I mean

notice how here

I've got this nice God ray shining through here

because I essentially made a window right here

I placed a whole bunch of

trees and a shadow block up top here

to fake a window so to speak

to make sure the volumetric fog shines

exactly where I want it to

same thing over here we have an opening here

because the God ray shining through here because I

carefully placed a window

over here because that is where I wanted the

volumetric fog to shine through

okay so if I go back to my camera view

and I select a big shadowcaster here

pay attention to what happened when I move it

see how that look is totally different now

if I hide this

look at the difference that makes

it is day and night

so that's what I did

there is no shame in using this massive shadow blocker

to carefully

craft and shape the volumetric fog to do

whatever it is you want it to do

we are literally faking those night

god raids to give the desired look

and that is why

using volumetric fog is so important

hey everyone future will here

I just wanted to take a moment to talk about something

about the fog that I

omitted from the original recording

so let's take a look

at that right now

when we have our exponential height fog selected

in the details panel

you can control the directionality of your god rays

by using a feature called

scattering distribution

which you can find in the volumetric fog tab

okay so you'll see by default it is set to 0.2

and if I set this to 1

you'll notice that the fog

kind of disappears

but it hasn't really it just changed functionality

now pay attention to when I move to camera here

you'll notice

that now we've got the kind of god raid

shining through the trees like that

if I set the scattering distribution back down to point

2 again you'll notice those direct god rays

completely disappear again

so like the hot tip says here

the distribution value of

0 scatters equally in all directions

while point 9 scattered predominantly in the light

direction so

if you want to have light shaft visible from the side

it needs to be closer to 0

again because it's head to 0.2 which is close to 0

you'll see we see the god raves coming in from the side

but when you increase it closer to point nine

like so

you get these really cool God rays shining through

the leaves of our tree right here

so there's no right or wrong shedding to use

it really depends on the art direction

that you require

and so

I just figured it was something really important

to talk about

especially if you're trying to get this kind of look

so with that said let's go back to past will

so now we already have this with literally

only the directional light and the height fog

that's it the next step involves adding a skylight

because we need to kind of

go out of skylight to

lift up these shadows a bit

because the shadows here are pitch black

there's no bounce light here

so the skylight's going to help us with that

so we're going to click on lights here

add a skylight

in our scene like this

and we're going to set this light to moveable

I'm going to set the sky distance threshold to 1

and I'm going to uncheck lower hemisphere solid color

so now you'll see

these shadows if I hide the skylight

see that difference it makes

it really helps lift up those shadows

now this is a little bit too bright for my taste

I may actually turn that down to 8.5

there we go

so now we've got a pretty decent lighting setup done

now we need to art direct it and make it a bit more

bluish

because that's the art direction I want to go for

it's what we're used to seeing in movies

night time scenes do look pretty good

when they're lit blue even though it if not

technically physically accurate

so I'm gonna select my directional light here

and in the details panel

we're gonna make this color a little bit bluish

not too much be very careful not to overdo it

but maybe something like

that something there we go

that looked pretty decent

and just like that

we're already about 80 percent of the way done

with those reactors that's it

so the next step involved adding practical lights

so a practical light is an actual

working light

that appears in the scene

so it can be a household lamp

a TV car headlights and in this case is going to be

the candles that are inside

each one of these lanterns over here

so we're going to go ahead and add a point light

inside each of these lanterns

like this

now this is way too bright

so I'm gonna turn this intensity down to

1 and I'm gonna change the color

to something more orangey like that

and I'm gonna change it to movable

I gotta make sure that it is actually

inside correctly

there we go

and now I'm gonna go ahead and do the same for

each and every one of these lanterns in the scene

so I will fast forward this

now just like that

adding these practical lights here

really helped these lanterns pop a little bit

it adds that extra warmth in it

we get that nice teal and orange look

when combined with the blue fog

so these kind of help add

a little bit more interest to our theme

now we are about

90 percent of the way there there is still

one last thing we need to do

before we're done and that's adding fill light

and extra rim light

so these are not exactly realistic light

these are not something that would be

physically accurate

but cinematographers

add these extra light

so these fill light and rim light

to accentuate the shape and silhouette of thing

because like I said earlier

silhouette and shape is the most important

thing when it comes to night lighting

you see here the silhouette

of the lantern

the silhouette of our hero lantern up here

the silhouette of the tree

of all the trees

this is what really stands out

so we're going to go ahead and add some extra

little fill lights and some more

rim lights to make certain things

pop a little bit more

because as you probably noticed

it's gonna be really hard to get

moonlight to shine

perfectly on all the things you want it to shine on

because you know

trees are in the way and then when you move one tree

it just

cast shadows in another area that you don't want

so we're gonna take a page from the cinematographer

playbook and

make our lives a little bit easier by adding some

individual smaller

local fill lights

to give you a perfect example

I'm going to go ahead and add a rect light right here

move just like that

and what I want to do is I want to

just lift up the shadows in this side

because if I hide this here

notice how this entire lantern is kind of shapeless

same thing here and here

all of these lanterns

kind of feel a little bit shapeless

because they're in the shadow and they're fog

we're gonna

help our scene out by adding some local lights

but this here obviously way too bright

set this to moveable

and turn this down to

12.5 something like that and make this blue

a little bit more

blue it so it matches the ambient lighting

right

turn

and so now just this extra little light here

really helps make this lantern stand out a little bit

now I also don't want this light to affect

everything within its attenuation radius

so in the details panel

I'm gonna turn the attenuation radius down to 500

300 maybe there we go so it doesn't affect the other

lanterns here

so now I'm going to duplicate this rect light

and I'm going to move it back

to do the same thing on this lantern here

so notice here how

this lantern kind of disappears into mush like

you don't see the shape of it very well

the only way to fix that is by

adding an extra rect light here

and this really suddenly makes it

pop a little bit better

so I'm gonna turn the

brightness down to light point 2.3

just something just a little hint of light

to make the shape stand out

I'm gonna duplicate this again

and bring this back

to light

this lantern over here as well

because like I said

Unreal Engine 4 doesn't have good indirect lighting

you would have it in UE5 with lumen

but we don't have that here so we have to fake it

somehow so again to show you

if I select my 3 rect lights and hide them

see that difference it makes

see how it just helps those lanterns pop a little bit

that is what we're doing here

I also want to add a bit of a rim light

over here on this side of the lantern because

I would like to suggest that the light

is shining down on it

from this side

so

I'm going to grab direct light

duplicate it move it over here

rotate it like that

just down a little bit maybe

like that

and

you'll see before and after before and after

just that subtle rim light helps make it

pop

a little bit more

I'm gonna do the same thing for this lantern over here

because there

is sky's light

shining down from this side

it won't be a strong rim light

but just something to make this edge pop a little bit

I'm just gonna duplicate this rect light

bring it over here

and

move it like so just a tiny tiny rim light

like that not very bright

10 maybe so this is no rim light

and it's just a tiny little bit

now this brings me to my next point

and a very important tool that unreal has

and that's lighting channels

you'll see here this rect light is affecting

both the lantern and the tree here

I don't want the rect light to affect the tree

so I'm going to use

lighting channels to make that light

only affect

this lantern so we're going to select this light here

I'm going to go to the detailed panel

and I'm going to search for channel

and you'll see here I'm going to uncheck channel 0

suddenly it doesn't affect the tree anymore

but it doesn't affect the lantern either

I'm gonna turn on channel 1

and now I'm gonna select this lantern

and make sure that it also have channel 1 enabled

and now

you'll see it gets that rib light

but this light

is no longer affecting anything else in the scene

see

only this lamp

and that's what we want

this is a super handy tool for adding

rim lights to object

without having those lights affect

anything else in our scene

be aware however

that lighting channels don't work with lumen and UE5

so now I'm gonna go do the same thing over here

on this light here

and one thing I like to do it well is

fake some indirect lighting over here

you'll see here we got some moonlight strong moonlight

hitting the ground right here

and in real life it would bounce up and illuminate

both of the lanterns here

so

we're going to go ahead and add

rect light to do just that

something like that

you'll see

just to kind of lift up those blacks a little bit

so really we just want to add a whole bunch of

rect light that are seen

to help these lanterns

pop a little bit

and I know what you're thinking

this is not performance friendly

this is probably

not the best thing to do if you're making a game

but in my case I'm just trying to make a nice looking

shot so I don't care about how many lights they have

the reason I'm doing this is because a

Unreal Engine 4 doesn't really have good

indirect lighting solutions

so we have to fake it

and wrecked lights are a fantastic way to do that

b

like I said

earlier we're taking a page from the cinematographer

playbook and we're faking rim lights

lighting

night time exteriors for a movie is a huge hack

it's all faked anyway

so now we only have one last thing to do

and that's doing the same thing we did here to our main

hero Lantern in the back

so I'm gonna go ahead and

grab one of these rect lights

I'm going to duplicate it

and I'm going to move it all the way back

over there

now I need to make sure that it is rotated

upwards like this

and the reason I'm doing this is because you'll see

we do have some strong moonlight shining here

so we would

absolutely have some indirect lighting shining

here and lighting up the underside

of this lantern so I got to fake it

with another rect light

like that maybe

and you'll see already

it's kind of an interesting rim light here

now obviously that would way too bright

but I think you're starting to get the idea

blue there we go

and just like that we kind of highlighted the

side of our lantern here

which kind of helps it make it pop a little bit more

and that's it

that's really all you need to do

to get a decent looking

nighttime shot

let's break this down

one more time just so you have a bit of a refresher so

so we're gonna hide these and hide these

so we started off with absolutely nothing more

than just a starry sky

added a directional light to simulate our moonlight

then we added the volumetric fog

which honestly took us

80 percent of the way there

like I said earlier

shaping that volumetric fog with other huge

props like this

in a scene is key to getting a very Moody atmosphere

right then

we went ahead and

lifted the shadows a little bit with our sky light

like that then

we added some local practical lights

like this just to help simulate that candlelight a bit

and lastly we added a whole bunch of fill lights and

rim lights through our scene to make

some of these lanterns

stand out but this is before

and this is after

before and after

now again this is pretty subjective

there's no right or wrong answer here

you're gonna have to be the judge

and you're gonna have to art direct your scene

so you may actually prefer it the before version

and that's okay

I just wanted to take the time to show you that

it is an entirely

viable approach to just add a whole bunch

a smaller light like this to

fake the directionality of the light

fake the indirect lighting

and fake the rim lighting as well

now the last thing I would do here is

render this shot out using the Movie Render cue

which I have the tutorial for right here

and from there

I would just color grade this a little bit

Individual Resolve

now I do have a

tutorial on color grading

Individual Resolve coming soon

so be sure you subscribe so you don't miss it

because at the end of the day

the only thing that matters is the end result

if your shot looks gorgeous the client is happy

you're good to go

and that is how you can

go ahead and light a night time shot

yourself pretty easily

and guys thank you so much for watching

I hope you found this video helpful

if you did

do consider subscribing and leave me a comment down

below and as always

happy rendering