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>> NARRATOR: Festering disease.
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>> MILTON WAINWRIGHT, PH. D.:
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Everything was going on okay one
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minute, and then all of a
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sudden, people are kind of
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rotting in front of you.
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>> NARRATOR: Raging pestilence.
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>> RICHARD RADER: The civilized
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world went out the window.
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>> NARRATOR: And death of almost
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unspeakable agony.
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>> GEORGE NOORY: Are we the
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laboratory of the universe?
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>> NARRATOR: But what if the
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source of all this very human
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suffering has a strangely
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non‐human origin?
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>> JEFFREY GALPIN, MD: It would
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be narrow‐minded to accept
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viruses wouldn't occur in other
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planets around the universe.
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>> PHILIP COPPENS: Is there
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somebody who has the technology
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to actually send things to
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Earth, and are part of
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intergalactic warfare?
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>> GIORGIO TSOUKALOS: To suggest
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that ETs would come here and
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annihilate us in the way we see
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it in the movies‐‐ why go
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through all the trouble when all
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you have to do...
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is release a toxin into the air?
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>> NARRATOR: Millions of people
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around the world believe we have
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been visited in the past by
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extraterrestrial beings.
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What if it were true?
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Did ancient aliens really help
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to shape our history?
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And could they even be the
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source of our deadliest
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epidemics?
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>> NARRATOR: Portugal.
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October 13, 1917.
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During what had been a bright
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and cloudless day...
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(booming thunder)
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...the skies suddenly turned
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dark and foreboding.
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For those who were there to
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witness it, their world was
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about to turn upside down.
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Three children had claimed to
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see what they believed was the
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Virgin Mary.
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She promised to give the people
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a sign from God.
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>> CHRIS PITTMAN: Perhaps as
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many as 100,000 people watched
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as the sun seemed to change into
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an opaque spinning disc in the
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sky.
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>> PHILIP IMBROGNO: During those
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manifestations, the children
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were told that God was very,
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very angry with the world, and
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that there would be punishment.
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>> NARRATOR: The incident near
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the small village of Fatima was
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labeled a miracle by some, and
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a hoax by others.
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But to ancient astronaut
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theorists, the event is
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considered an extraterrestrial
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encounter.
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>> COPPENS: In Fatima, we see
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mysterious events happening.
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But we do not really know
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whether we are dealing with a
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religious phenomenon, or whether
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we are dealing with an
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extraterrestrial UFO kind of
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phenomenon.
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We know that the apparition
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didn't really identify herself
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as who she was.
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It's within the context of
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religion that she is named the
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Virgin Mary.
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The question is, if she's not
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the Virgin Mary, then who is
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she?
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>> NARRATOR: Perhaps even more
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bizarre is the fact that less
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than one year after the event,
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an estimated 50 million people
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were dead, victims of the worst
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plague in recorded history.
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Could this deadly pandemic,
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known as the Spanish Influenza,
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have been somehow connected to
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the incidents at Fatima?
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>> DAVID CHILDRESS: It's quite
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possible that many of the
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plagues really occurred because
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alien beings came here and
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brought with them microbes and
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bacteria and diseases.
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>> NARRATOR: Disease has been
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responsible for more deaths than
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every war in human history
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combined.
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And right from the start, we
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have looked for an answer...
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in the heavens.
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>> ADRIENNE MAYOR, PH. D.: In
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antiquity, when pestilence or
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plague would strike, it was very
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mysterious and frightening.
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(thunder rumbling)
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Of course, people did try to
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explain it.
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The easiest way to imagine
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disease was like a shower coming
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down from the sky, perhaps sent
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by an angry or wrathful god.
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>> RADER: In the mythological
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imagination, plagues were always
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the result of the gods being
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angry or upset with us.
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(wind whistling)
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>> NARRATOR: Examples abound in
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the ancient world of diseases
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being linked to the gods.
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In ancient Egypt, the god of
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disease was called Seth.
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And the Hittites called their
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plague god Irra.
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>> MAYOR: The name means "fire"
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or "burning..."
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...and this was their way of
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explaining raging fevers
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that were something like
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wildfires sweeping through
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the land.
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>> RADER: There was a
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conception of plague as a
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physical ailment, something that
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attacks the body, but lots of
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physical ailments were conceived
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of as the result of supernatural
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intervention.
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>> NARRATOR: The ancient Chinese
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also connected plagues and
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diseases to the supernatural,
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and took it one step further.
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They kept meticulous records
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about when there were outbreaks
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of disease and actual
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celestial events.
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>> WILLIAM BRAMLEY: They
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connected reports of unusual
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comets, things that we today
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would call UFOs, to outbreaks
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of plague.
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So this has been universal.
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It's not just been a few places.
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It's not just been a few
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plagues.
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It's actually been very
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consistent throughout history.
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>> CHANDRA WICKRAMASINGHE,
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PH.D.: So many different ancient
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cultures right across the world
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had this point of view that
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plagues were caused by things
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that happened in the skies.
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(wind whistling)
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>> NARRATOR: Greece. 430 B. C.
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Athens is at war with Sparta.
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The battles are brutal and
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bloody.
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But the war casualties pale in
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comparison to the scenes
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of horror...
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when plague descends
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on the people.
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>> GALPIN: They were thirsty
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beyond thirst.
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They turned red.
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They vomited.
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They had terrible diarrhea.
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Their fingers, at times, turned
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black.
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Their bodies were ravaged.
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>> RADER: Graves are being
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stacked with 12 to 15 bodies,
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and when that fails, they're
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just simply left onto the
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street‐‐ dead, putrid,
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decomposing bodies all over the
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city, thousands of people.
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>> NARRATOR: But was the Plague
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of Athens some biological
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consequence of the war?
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Or something else?
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Something... not of this Earth?
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(whirring)
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>> RADER: The civilized world
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went out the window as soon as
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this plague hit.
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You can certainly correlate
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plagues, epidemics, disease with
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the decline and fall of various
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empires.
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>> NARRATOR: As far as the
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ancient Greeks were concerned,
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the plague was very likely a
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curse from the gods.
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>> NOORY: The wrath of God could
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very well have been the wrath of
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ETs who wanted to control us,
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manipulate us, change us.
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And they did so in a very
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deliberate, evil way.
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(people screaming)
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>> NARRATOR: In the middle of
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the sixth century, another virus
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nearly succeeded in wiping out
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most of humanity...
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the Justinian Plague.
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>> GALPIN: There aren't really
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good records back then of how
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many millions of people died,
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but a significant percentage of
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the world died.
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>> WAINWRIGHT: You know,
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everything was going on okay one
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minute, and then all of a
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sudden, people are kind of
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rotting in front of you.
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Wow. Where has this come from?
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>> NARRATOR: Like the Plague
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of Athens, the Justinian Plague
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was accompanied by multiple
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reports...
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of strange sightings in the sky.
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>> IMBROGNO: People reported
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seeing strange objects in the
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sky... that they called "glowing
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gold shields," and visions of
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bronze ships in the sky and
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headless creatures.
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>> TSOUKALOS: And whenever
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these events took place‐‐
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in the middle of daylight,
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by the way‐‐ people fell ill.
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And something would be witnessed
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again, up in the sky, and there
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would be another outbreak.
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>> NARRATOR: According to
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modern‐day astronomers, at the
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time of the Justinian Plague,
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there was an unusually high
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concentration of
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cosmic activity.
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>> WICKRAMASINGHE: Islamic
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literature of the day was very
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clear in stating that the skies
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were darkened on many occasions
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and people were frightened by
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meteor storms and comets
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impacting the Earth.
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There's also direct evidence,
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I think, from a subject called
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dendrochronology‐‐ thicknesses
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of tree rings‐‐ an indication of
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the amount of light that we
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receive during the summer
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months.
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For the period from 530 to 550,
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or thereabouts‐‐ A. D.‐‐ we find
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that the tree‐ring thicknesses
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almost vanish...
286
00:10:38,233 --> 00:10:39,987
showing that the skies were
287
00:10:39,987 --> 00:10:41,657
really darkened.
288
00:10:41,657 --> 00:10:43,578
That's, again, consistent with
289
00:10:43,578 --> 00:10:45,498
comets breaking up, meteors
290
00:10:45,498 --> 00:10:47,084
breaking up in the sky.
291
00:10:47,084 --> 00:10:48,922
So one has to then speculate if
292
00:10:48,922 --> 00:10:50,592
these dust particles that were
293
00:10:50,592 --> 00:10:52,220
darkening the skies also
294
00:10:52,220 --> 00:10:56,938
contained viruses and bacteria.
295
00:10:56,938 --> 00:10:58,440
>> COPPENS: Is there somewhere,
296
00:10:58,440 --> 00:10:59,735
out there in deep space, where
297
00:10:59,735 --> 00:11:01,531
somebody has the technology to
298
00:11:01,531 --> 00:11:03,367
actually send over things to
299
00:11:03,367 --> 00:11:04,954
Earth, so that what looks to be
300
00:11:04,954 --> 00:11:08,293
a normal mechanism of delivery,
301
00:11:08,293 --> 00:11:09,630
actually becomes a very
302
00:11:09,630 --> 00:11:12,134
high‐tech method of delivery,
303
00:11:12,134 --> 00:11:14,055
and we have no idea that we are
304
00:11:14,055 --> 00:11:15,725
part of an intergalactic
305
00:11:15,725 --> 00:11:16,894
warfare.
306
00:11:16,894 --> 00:11:19,190
(explosion)
307
00:11:23,156 --> 00:11:24,325
>> NARRATOR: The connection
308
00:11:24,325 --> 00:11:25,912
between deadly plagues and
309
00:11:25,912 --> 00:11:28,585
phenomena in the sky appears
310
00:11:28,585 --> 00:11:29,712
frequently throughout
311
00:11:29,712 --> 00:11:31,632
ancient histories.
312
00:11:31,632 --> 00:11:33,845
Most scientists today call it
313
00:11:33,845 --> 00:11:36,308
superstition.
314
00:11:36,308 --> 00:11:38,270
3,000 years ago, they called
315
00:11:38,270 --> 00:11:41,276
it fact.
316
00:11:41,276 --> 00:11:43,196
But might an ancient sculpture
317
00:11:43,196 --> 00:11:45,284
discovered in 19th century
318
00:11:45,284 --> 00:11:47,706
Egypt prove that our ancestors
319
00:11:47,706 --> 00:11:49,668
knew more than we give them
320
00:11:49,668 --> 00:11:51,923
credit for?
321
00:12:02,443 --> 00:12:04,322
>> NARRATOR: Naqada, Egypt.
322
00:12:04,322 --> 00:12:08,121
1897.
323
00:12:08,121 --> 00:12:10,000
A treasure trove of ancient
324
00:12:10,000 --> 00:12:12,254
artifacts sees the light of day
325
00:12:12,254 --> 00:12:14,927
after being entombed for 6,000
326
00:12:14,927 --> 00:12:17,306
years.
327
00:12:20,437 --> 00:12:22,526
Among the findings is this
328
00:12:22,526 --> 00:12:23,861
statue of what looks like a
329
00:12:23,861 --> 00:12:26,617
bearded man.
330
00:12:26,617 --> 00:12:29,288
It is dubbed "MacGregor Man,"
331
00:12:29,288 --> 00:12:30,583
for the Reverend William
332
00:12:30,583 --> 00:12:32,253
MacGregor, in whose antiquities
333
00:12:32,253 --> 00:12:35,342
collection it once resided.
334
00:12:35,342 --> 00:12:36,887
>> TSOUKALOS: In Egyptology,
335
00:12:36,887 --> 00:12:39,225
this ancient statue is referred
336
00:12:39,225 --> 00:12:42,440
to as "the bearded man."
337
00:12:42,440 --> 00:12:44,235
However, if you look a little
338
00:12:44,235 --> 00:12:47,868
bit closer, you can see that
339
00:12:47,868 --> 00:12:49,663
what he's wearing on his head,
340
00:12:49,663 --> 00:12:51,834
and what extends from his chin,
341
00:12:51,834 --> 00:12:54,757
is not necessarily a beard, but
342
00:12:54,757 --> 00:12:58,263
it looks like a skullcap.
343
00:12:58,263 --> 00:13:00,643
His entire body seems to be
344
00:13:00,643 --> 00:13:03,023
inside some type of an overall,
345
00:13:03,023 --> 00:13:04,693
some type of a suit, because
346
00:13:04,693 --> 00:13:06,614
even where his cuffs are, there
347
00:13:06,614 --> 00:13:10,037
is no shirt opening.
348
00:13:10,037 --> 00:13:12,208
No matter from what angle, it
349
00:13:12,208 --> 00:13:15,130
looks like a guy inside a hazmat
350
00:13:15,130 --> 00:13:18,805
suit.
351
00:13:18,805 --> 00:13:20,140
>> NARRATOR: Other figures found
352
00:13:20,140 --> 00:13:22,436
at Naqada also have pointed
353
00:13:22,436 --> 00:13:24,315
beards that extend from the
354
00:13:24,315 --> 00:13:28,991
chin, but without any hood.
355
00:13:28,991 --> 00:13:30,995
Adding to the mystery is the
356
00:13:30,995 --> 00:13:33,668
fact that Naqada was believed
357
00:13:33,668 --> 00:13:35,379
to be the ancestral home of
358
00:13:35,379 --> 00:13:37,843
Seth, the Egyptian god of
359
00:13:37,843 --> 00:13:39,805
plague.
360
00:13:42,309 --> 00:13:43,729
>> PITTMAN: We don't know
361
00:13:43,729 --> 00:13:44,857
whether these things were
362
00:13:44,857 --> 00:13:46,109
depictions of some kind of
363
00:13:46,109 --> 00:13:48,280
realistic apparatus that was
364
00:13:48,280 --> 00:13:50,535
used to protect perhaps
365
00:13:50,535 --> 00:13:52,121
extraterrestrials from very
366
00:13:52,121 --> 00:13:54,626
dangerous chemicals, diseases
367
00:13:54,626 --> 00:13:56,004
that they were spreading across
368
00:13:56,004 --> 00:13:58,008
humanity.
369
00:14:02,224 --> 00:14:03,853
>> BILL BIRNES: If you were an
370
00:14:03,853 --> 00:14:06,525
extraterrestrial visitor, you'd
371
00:14:06,525 --> 00:14:07,819
wear something to protect
372
00:14:07,819 --> 00:14:10,073
yourself from the bacteria and
373
00:14:10,073 --> 00:14:12,537
the viruses that were rampant.
374
00:14:12,537 --> 00:14:13,706
That's one reason for the hazmat
375
00:14:13,706 --> 00:14:15,752
suits.
376
00:14:15,752 --> 00:14:17,004
Another reason would be not to
377
00:14:17,004 --> 00:14:19,676
protect yourself, but to protect
378
00:14:19,676 --> 00:14:20,970
the population you were
379
00:14:20,970 --> 00:14:24,143
visiting.
380
00:14:24,143 --> 00:14:25,187
>> TSOUKALOS: Whatever the
381
00:14:25,187 --> 00:14:27,525
Bearded Man wears around his
382
00:14:27,525 --> 00:14:31,617
hips, to me looks more like some
383
00:14:31,617 --> 00:14:32,994
type of a technological
384
00:14:32,994 --> 00:14:35,040
device than what Egyptology
385
00:14:35,040 --> 00:14:36,794
suggests.
386
00:14:36,794 --> 00:14:39,633
Egyptology suggests that he is
387
00:14:39,633 --> 00:14:42,555
wearing a penis sheath.
388
00:14:42,555 --> 00:14:45,143
Now, to me, it is clear that
389
00:14:45,143 --> 00:14:46,981
whatever is attached to his
390
00:14:46,981 --> 00:14:49,987
front of his belly is anything
391
00:14:49,987 --> 00:14:53,995
but a penis sheath.
392
00:14:53,995 --> 00:14:56,332
Is it possible that this is a
393
00:14:56,332 --> 00:14:58,003
carving of a potential
394
00:14:58,003 --> 00:14:59,965
extraterrestrial?
395
00:15:02,721 --> 00:15:03,764
>> NARRATOR: But among
396
00:15:03,764 --> 00:15:05,893
antiquities, Macgregor Man
397
00:15:05,893 --> 00:15:07,731
is not alone.
398
00:15:07,731 --> 00:15:09,442
Throughout the world, there are
399
00:15:09,442 --> 00:15:11,446
scores of ancient carvings and
400
00:15:11,446 --> 00:15:14,035
figurines that seem to depict
401
00:15:14,035 --> 00:15:16,289
otherworldly creatures in what
402
00:15:16,289 --> 00:15:17,959
some claim is astronaut‐type
403
00:15:17,959 --> 00:15:19,880
clothing.
404
00:15:19,880 --> 00:15:20,882
>> ERICH VON DANIKEN: Central
405
00:15:20,882 --> 00:15:24,514
America is full of these suits.
406
00:15:24,514 --> 00:15:27,061
You really have beings chiseled
407
00:15:27,061 --> 00:15:30,233
in stone which have helmets on.
408
00:15:30,233 --> 00:15:31,570
Out of the helmet you have
409
00:15:31,570 --> 00:15:32,906
something like a trunk coming
410
00:15:32,906 --> 00:15:35,077
up, and in some cases you see,
411
00:15:35,077 --> 00:15:38,083
on the shoulder of the helmet,
412
00:15:38,083 --> 00:15:40,420
something like a tank.
413
00:15:44,763 --> 00:15:45,681
>> NARRATOR: But strange
414
00:15:45,681 --> 00:15:47,519
depictions of cloaked figures
415
00:15:47,519 --> 00:15:48,854
wearing what appear to be
416
00:15:48,854 --> 00:15:51,025
breathing apparatuses aren't
417
00:15:51,025 --> 00:15:54,866
limited to the ancient world.
418
00:15:54,866 --> 00:15:58,373
In 1347, ships full of Italian
419
00:15:58,373 --> 00:16:01,003
sailors died suddenly... after
420
00:16:01,003 --> 00:16:03,466
being covered in oozing black
421
00:16:03,466 --> 00:16:07,725
boils filled with blood and pus.
422
00:16:07,725 --> 00:16:09,604
The disease spread rapidly
423
00:16:09,604 --> 00:16:13,111
throughout Europe... and soon
424
00:16:13,111 --> 00:16:17,537
had a name‐‐ the Black Plague.
425
00:16:17,537 --> 00:16:19,248
>> JONATHAN YOUNG: The Black
426
00:16:19,248 --> 00:16:21,670
Plague was widely seen as an
427
00:16:21,670 --> 00:16:23,591
act of God for the sinfulness
428
00:16:23,591 --> 00:16:24,926
of the people.
429
00:16:24,926 --> 00:16:29,101
(thunder crashes)
430
00:16:29,101 --> 00:16:30,437
>> WAINWRIGHT: What you get is
431
00:16:30,437 --> 00:16:32,191
a slow, lingering, painful
432
00:16:32,191 --> 00:16:34,445
death.
433
00:16:34,445 --> 00:16:35,405
And, uh, that's what...
434
00:16:35,405 --> 00:16:36,867
(chuckles) is nasty.
435
00:16:36,867 --> 00:16:38,077
And it completely decimates
436
00:16:38,077 --> 00:16:40,498
populations.
437
00:16:40,498 --> 00:16:41,793
>> NARRATOR: Within five years,
438
00:16:41,793 --> 00:16:43,379
this previously unknown
439
00:16:43,379 --> 00:16:45,885
disease had wiped out nearly
440
00:16:45,885 --> 00:16:48,056
one‐third of Europe...
441
00:16:48,056 --> 00:16:49,893
the equivalent, in today's
442
00:16:49,893 --> 00:16:51,395
numbers, of more than
443
00:16:51,395 --> 00:16:55,571
300 million dead.
444
00:16:55,571 --> 00:16:57,074
And just like previous
445
00:16:57,074 --> 00:16:59,411
epidemics, the outbreaks of
446
00:16:59,411 --> 00:17:01,249
plague were accompanied by
447
00:17:01,249 --> 00:17:03,294
sightings of strange aerial
448
00:17:03,294 --> 00:17:06,050
phenomena.
449
00:17:06,050 --> 00:17:08,514
>> IMBROGNO: People saw strange
450
00:17:08,514 --> 00:17:11,520
bronze ships spreading a mist
451
00:17:11,520 --> 00:17:15,193
around the entire area, and
452
00:17:15,193 --> 00:17:17,322
shortly after that, people began
453
00:17:17,322 --> 00:17:20,830
to become very sick and die.
454
00:17:25,463 --> 00:17:27,134
>> NARRATOR: Bronze ships,
455
00:17:27,134 --> 00:17:28,929
just like those reported
456
00:17:28,929 --> 00:17:30,933
during the Justinian Plague
457
00:17:30,933 --> 00:17:34,983
800 years earlier.
458
00:17:34,983 --> 00:17:36,820
But what natural phenomenon
459
00:17:36,820 --> 00:17:38,323
could appear in the sky that
460
00:17:38,323 --> 00:17:42,331
would fit such a description?
461
00:17:42,331 --> 00:17:44,794
And what was the mysterious mist
462
00:17:44,794 --> 00:17:46,590
that people saw floating down
463
00:17:46,590 --> 00:17:48,844
from the sky?
464
00:17:48,844 --> 00:17:50,055
>> IMBROGNO: If you ask a
465
00:17:50,055 --> 00:17:52,434
historian today, they would say
466
00:17:52,434 --> 00:17:54,564
that they were hallucinating
467
00:17:54,564 --> 00:17:56,777
because of the illness.
468
00:17:56,777 --> 00:17:59,031
But how do you get thousands of
469
00:17:59,031 --> 00:18:00,450
people hallucinating the same
470
00:18:00,450 --> 00:18:02,412
thing?
471
00:18:05,628 --> 00:18:06,838
>> NARRATOR: One of these
472
00:18:06,838 --> 00:18:09,969
supposed hallucinations featured
473
00:18:09,969 --> 00:18:11,723
reports of mysterious cloaked
474
00:18:11,723 --> 00:18:13,184
figures spraying mist on the
475
00:18:13,184 --> 00:18:16,733
ground.
476
00:18:16,733 --> 00:18:18,236
It was this report that gave
477
00:18:18,236 --> 00:18:20,741
rise to rumors of a black‐hooded
478
00:18:20,741 --> 00:18:23,914
messenger of death, later known
479
00:18:23,914 --> 00:18:27,045
as the Grim Reaper.
480
00:18:27,045 --> 00:18:29,926
>> PITTMAN: In one case, the
481
00:18:29,926 --> 00:18:31,345
>> IMBROGNO: People reported a
482
00:18:31,345 --> 00:18:34,351
number of strange beings that
483
00:18:34,351 --> 00:18:36,940
would spray onto the wheat, and
484
00:18:36,940 --> 00:18:39,571
shortly after that, the Black
485
00:18:39,571 --> 00:18:42,033
Death occurred.
486
00:18:42,033 --> 00:18:43,954
And maybe our idea of the Reaper
487
00:18:43,954 --> 00:18:47,503
was extraterrestrial in origin.
488
00:18:51,051 --> 00:18:53,891
>> NARRATOR: Mysterious plagues
489
00:18:53,891 --> 00:18:55,686
accompanied by extraterrestrial
490
00:18:55,686 --> 00:18:58,525
sightings.
491
00:18:58,525 --> 00:19:01,155
And gruesome deaths preceded by
492
00:19:01,155 --> 00:19:04,411
ominous apparitions.
493
00:19:04,411 --> 00:19:06,917
But were those strange metallic
494
00:19:06,917 --> 00:19:08,962
objects seen in the skies over
495
00:19:08,962 --> 00:19:11,510
Europe really misunderstood
496
00:19:11,510 --> 00:19:14,014
cosmic events‐‐ like meteors and
497
00:19:14,014 --> 00:19:16,520
comets‐‐ as most mainstream
498
00:19:16,520 --> 00:19:18,816
scientists believe?
499
00:19:18,816 --> 00:19:21,530
>> TSOUKALOS: In 1731, there
500
00:19:21,530 --> 00:19:24,034
were UFO sightings over England,
501
00:19:24,034 --> 00:19:26,706
Ireland and Romania, and they
502
00:19:26,706 --> 00:19:29,044
predated the worldwide flu
503
00:19:29,044 --> 00:19:32,259
epidemic of 1732.
504
00:19:32,259 --> 00:19:34,054
>> IMBROGNO: People saw a red
505
00:19:34,054 --> 00:19:37,728
object in the sky, and at times,
506
00:19:37,728 --> 00:19:39,147
this object generated so much
507
00:19:39,147 --> 00:19:40,818
heat that people had to take off
508
00:19:40,818 --> 00:19:41,987
their shirts.
509
00:19:41,987 --> 00:19:43,239
I mean, they were just glowing
510
00:19:43,239 --> 00:19:44,659
up there in the sky.
511
00:19:44,659 --> 00:19:47,372
Later on, a plague broke out.
512
00:19:52,090 --> 00:19:53,426
>> BRAMLEY: What people called
513
00:19:53,426 --> 00:19:55,263
comets back in those days,
514
00:19:55,263 --> 00:19:57,100
we would not call comets today,
515
00:19:57,100 --> 00:19:59,271
because anything that moved in
516
00:19:59,271 --> 00:20:00,774
the sky that was unusual, that
517
00:20:00,774 --> 00:20:02,360
was bright, they would call a
518
00:20:02,360 --> 00:20:03,446
comet.
519
00:20:03,446 --> 00:20:05,116
For example, in the Chronicle
520
00:20:05,116 --> 00:20:07,538
of Marvels, by Conrad
521
00:20:07,538 --> 00:20:09,291
Lycosthenes, which was published
522
00:20:09,291 --> 00:20:11,170
in the 1500s, he talked about a
523
00:20:11,170 --> 00:20:13,215
comet that was seen in Arabia in
524
00:20:13,215 --> 00:20:14,468
the 1400s.
525
00:20:14,468 --> 00:20:16,055
But when you look at the
526
00:20:16,055 --> 00:20:17,474
woodcut, it looks like a
527
00:20:17,474 --> 00:20:19,227
rocket ship.
528
00:20:19,227 --> 00:20:22,652
(engines roaring)
529
00:20:22,652 --> 00:20:23,862
>> NARRATOR: But if alien
530
00:20:23,862 --> 00:20:26,075
invaders really have been coming
531
00:20:26,075 --> 00:20:27,828
to Earth and spreading disease
532
00:20:27,828 --> 00:20:30,249
and plague over the centuries,
533
00:20:30,249 --> 00:20:31,920
why?
534
00:20:31,920 --> 00:20:34,509
To kill us?
535
00:20:34,509 --> 00:20:35,761
To strengthen us?
536
00:20:35,761 --> 00:20:37,640
Or is it simply to reduce our
537
00:20:37,640 --> 00:20:40,228
numbers?
538
00:20:40,228 --> 00:20:41,313
>> NOORY: Why would you drop a
539
00:20:41,313 --> 00:20:43,025
virus down on this planet?
540
00:20:43,025 --> 00:20:44,529
Are you trying to build up our
541
00:20:44,529 --> 00:20:45,614
immune system?
542
00:20:45,614 --> 00:20:47,660
Are you trying to wipe us out?
543
00:20:47,660 --> 00:20:49,287
Are we the laboratory of the
544
00:20:49,287 --> 00:20:50,541
universe?
545
00:20:50,541 --> 00:20:52,460
"Let's see if this bug wipes out
546
00:20:52,460 --> 00:20:54,214
this civilization in order to
547
00:20:54,214 --> 00:20:55,425
protect ourselves."
548
00:20:55,425 --> 00:20:57,888
All possibilities.
549
00:20:57,888 --> 00:20:59,141
>> NARRATOR: If
550
00:20:59,141 --> 00:21:00,309
extraterrestrials do have a
551
00:21:00,309 --> 00:21:03,232
sinister agenda, why not just
552
00:21:03,232 --> 00:21:06,321
attack our planet with a weapon
553
00:21:06,321 --> 00:21:07,575
of mass destruction?
554
00:21:07,575 --> 00:21:08,952
>> TSOUKALOS: Why go through
555
00:21:08,952 --> 00:21:10,998
that trouble if all you have to
556
00:21:10,998 --> 00:21:13,335
do is release a toxin into the
557
00:21:13,335 --> 00:21:16,383
air, a plague, some type of
558
00:21:16,383 --> 00:21:17,845
virus?
559
00:21:17,845 --> 00:21:20,391
It's way more efficient.
560
00:21:20,391 --> 00:21:22,062
>> NARRATOR: But there is
561
00:21:22,062 --> 00:21:23,690
another theory.
562
00:21:23,690 --> 00:21:26,403
One more incredible than tales
563
00:21:26,403 --> 00:21:27,948
of bronze spaceships and grim
564
00:21:27,948 --> 00:21:29,702
reapers.
565
00:21:29,702 --> 00:21:32,290
Because it is a theory so simple
566
00:21:32,290 --> 00:21:35,506
and so potentially devastating,
567
00:21:35,506 --> 00:21:37,300
it has mainstream scientists
568
00:21:37,300 --> 00:21:38,804
scratching their heads and
569
00:21:38,804 --> 00:21:42,310
running for cover.
570
00:21:48,030 --> 00:21:49,199
(wind whistling)
571
00:21:49,199 --> 00:21:51,036
>> NARRATOR: 1540.
572
00:21:51,036 --> 00:21:53,374
The Rio Grande Valley.
573
00:21:53,374 --> 00:21:55,504
When Francisco Coronado and the
574
00:21:55,504 --> 00:21:58,593
Spanish first explored the area
575
00:21:58,593 --> 00:22:01,306
that is now New Mexico, they
576
00:22:01,306 --> 00:22:03,310
brought with them a devastating
577
00:22:03,310 --> 00:22:04,772
weapon they did not even realize
578
00:22:04,772 --> 00:22:07,318
was part of their arsenal‐‐
579
00:22:07,318 --> 00:22:09,114
disease.
580
00:22:09,114 --> 00:22:12,495
Smallpox, chicken pox, and
581
00:22:12,495 --> 00:22:14,667
measles spread through the
582
00:22:14,667 --> 00:22:16,420
indigenous peoples far faster
583
00:22:16,420 --> 00:22:17,715
than the Conquistadores
584
00:22:17,715 --> 00:22:19,259
themselves could actually
585
00:22:19,259 --> 00:22:21,639
travel.
586
00:22:21,639 --> 00:22:22,892
>> MICHAEL B. A. OLDSTONE, M. D.:
587
00:22:22,892 --> 00:22:24,604
Viruses and bacteria have caused
588
00:22:24,604 --> 00:22:26,273
severe plagues that have really
589
00:22:26,273 --> 00:22:29,112
changed the course of history.
590
00:22:29,112 --> 00:22:30,908
So when the Conquistadores came
591
00:22:30,908 --> 00:22:32,452
over to the New World, they
592
00:22:32,452 --> 00:22:34,414
inadvertently carried smallpox.
593
00:22:34,414 --> 00:22:35,918
They were immune to it, but the
594
00:22:35,918 --> 00:22:37,630
Native Americans had never seen
595
00:22:37,630 --> 00:22:39,550
smallpox, and they were
596
00:22:39,550 --> 00:22:41,011
devastated.
597
00:22:41,011 --> 00:22:43,182
That led to the Conquistadores,
598
00:22:43,182 --> 00:22:45,520
with 900 or so soldiers, who
599
00:22:45,520 --> 00:22:46,981
were able to destroy the Aztec
600
00:22:46,981 --> 00:22:48,192
Empire.
601
00:22:48,192 --> 00:22:49,402
>> COPPENS: Hundreds of
602
00:22:49,402 --> 00:22:50,864
thousands of people, maybe even
603
00:22:50,864 --> 00:22:52,826
a million or more people, died
604
00:22:52,826 --> 00:22:54,412
simply because they were exposed
605
00:22:54,412 --> 00:22:57,085
to the viruses of the white man.
606
00:22:57,085 --> 00:22:58,672
>> NARRATOR: The native
607
00:22:58,672 --> 00:23:01,343
populations in the American
608
00:23:01,343 --> 00:23:03,347
Northeast suffered a similar
609
00:23:03,347 --> 00:23:05,519
fate when the European colonists
610
00:23:05,519 --> 00:23:08,650
first arrived on their shores.
611
00:23:08,650 --> 00:23:11,029
The islands of the South Pacific
612
00:23:11,029 --> 00:23:12,616
also had their populations
613
00:23:12,616 --> 00:23:14,369
decimated by Captain James Cook
614
00:23:14,369 --> 00:23:16,415
and his crew.
615
00:23:16,415 --> 00:23:17,668
>> GALPIN: Are we like these
616
00:23:17,668 --> 00:23:19,922
other places, where if we get
617
00:23:19,922 --> 00:23:21,801
something we haven't seen
618
00:23:21,801 --> 00:23:24,264
before, could it wipe us out too
619
00:23:24,264 --> 00:23:26,226
quickly for us to react?
620
00:23:27,521 --> 00:23:30,151
The War of the Worlds was a
621
00:23:30,151 --> 00:23:31,486
beautiful story in the sense
622
00:23:31,486 --> 00:23:33,490
that, at the very end, the
623
00:23:33,490 --> 00:23:35,787
common cold killed the aliens.
624
00:23:35,787 --> 00:23:37,123
Because it's too hard to believe
625
00:23:37,123 --> 00:23:38,292
the other thing could happen,
626
00:23:38,292 --> 00:23:39,795
that the alien sneezed on us,
627
00:23:39,795 --> 00:23:41,048
and they didn't have to do
628
00:23:41,048 --> 00:23:42,425
anything more than that.
629
00:23:42,425 --> 00:23:45,431
Why is that any more farfetched?
630
00:23:45,431 --> 00:23:46,851
>> NARRATOR: For many ancient
631
00:23:46,851 --> 00:23:48,228
astronaut theorists, the
632
00:23:48,228 --> 00:23:50,567
possibility of alien diseases
633
00:23:50,567 --> 00:23:52,571
being transmitted in much the
634
00:23:52,571 --> 00:23:53,615
same way is a distinct
635
00:23:53,615 --> 00:23:55,660
possibility.
636
00:23:55,660 --> 00:23:57,080
>> NOORY: My take is, if we've
637
00:23:57,080 --> 00:23:58,750
had diseases since the beginning
638
00:23:58,750 --> 00:24:01,380
of time, and we've had
639
00:24:01,380 --> 00:24:04,386
visitations, it's very possible
640
00:24:04,386 --> 00:24:05,555
that they accidentally brought
641
00:24:05,555 --> 00:24:08,018
these diseases to us.
642
00:24:08,018 --> 00:24:09,814
>> NARRATOR: Here on Earth,
643
00:24:09,814 --> 00:24:11,734
viruses often thrive in new
644
00:24:11,734 --> 00:24:13,571
environments.
645
00:24:13,571 --> 00:24:15,032
Could the same be true of
646
00:24:15,032 --> 00:24:17,036
viruses entering our planet from
647
00:24:17,036 --> 00:24:18,832
another world?
648
00:24:18,832 --> 00:24:21,671
And if extraterrestrial viruses
649
00:24:21,671 --> 00:24:24,510
do exist, could they survive the
650
00:24:24,510 --> 00:24:28,518
interstellar journey to Earth?
651
00:24:28,518 --> 00:24:30,522
Many scientists believe the
652
00:24:30,522 --> 00:24:32,526
answer can be found in
653
00:24:32,526 --> 00:24:33,778
microscopic organisms called
654
00:24:33,778 --> 00:24:36,366
extremophiles.
655
00:24:36,366 --> 00:24:38,203
>> WAINWRIGHT: An extremophile
656
00:24:38,203 --> 00:24:39,999
is an organism that can survive
657
00:24:39,999 --> 00:24:41,376
extreme conditions‐‐ high
658
00:24:41,376 --> 00:24:42,336
temperatures, low temperatures,
659
00:24:42,336 --> 00:24:43,631
high pressure, low pressure and
660
00:24:43,631 --> 00:24:45,677
so on.
661
00:24:45,677 --> 00:24:47,764
Now of course, the term is based
662
00:24:47,764 --> 00:24:50,436
on humans, what we find extreme.
663
00:24:50,436 --> 00:24:51,772
But from its perspective, we are
664
00:24:51,772 --> 00:24:52,941
extremophiles.
665
00:24:52,941 --> 00:24:54,277
You know, we live in oxygen,
666
00:24:54,277 --> 00:24:55,446
which is poisonous to this
667
00:24:55,446 --> 00:24:56,782
anaerobic organism.
668
00:24:56,782 --> 00:24:57,993
So if it was studying us, it
669
00:24:57,993 --> 00:24:59,663
would say, "Hey, them humans are
670
00:24:59,663 --> 00:25:00,206
amazing extremophiles.
671
00:25:00,206 --> 00:25:02,210
They can breathe oxygen."
672
00:25:02,210 --> 00:25:03,462
>> SARA SEAGER, PH. D.: Life has
673
00:25:03,462 --> 00:25:04,673
been found in almost every
674
00:25:04,673 --> 00:25:06,092
single environment on Earth.
675
00:25:06,092 --> 00:25:07,888
And this is so exciting, because
676
00:25:07,888 --> 00:25:08,890
other planets have conditions
677
00:25:08,890 --> 00:25:09,892
very different from Earth's.
678
00:25:09,892 --> 00:25:11,394
And it gives us hope that if
679
00:25:11,394 --> 00:25:13,398
life can exist on almost any
680
00:25:13,398 --> 00:25:14,610
single condition on Earth, that
681
00:25:14,610 --> 00:25:15,737
it can also live on another
682
00:25:15,737 --> 00:25:17,699
planet.
683
00:25:19,118 --> 00:25:21,248
>> NARRATOR: Space.
684
00:25:21,248 --> 00:25:23,377
2007.
685
00:25:23,377 --> 00:25:25,172
A bacteria‐ridden chunk of rock
686
00:25:25,172 --> 00:25:27,553
is strapped to the outside of
687
00:25:27,553 --> 00:25:29,974
the International Space Station.
688
00:25:29,974 --> 00:25:32,186
After 18 months in the hostile
689
00:25:32,186 --> 00:25:34,525
environment of space, the rock
690
00:25:34,525 --> 00:25:35,735
is retrieved.
691
00:25:35,735 --> 00:25:36,862
>> SEAGER: And one colony of
692
00:25:36,862 --> 00:25:38,533
bacteria actually survived.
693
00:25:38,533 --> 00:25:39,868
And the International Space
694
00:25:39,868 --> 00:25:41,037
Station is in low Earth orbit.
695
00:25:41,037 --> 00:25:42,331
It's going into orbit day and
696
00:25:42,331 --> 00:25:43,333
orbit night.
697
00:25:43,333 --> 00:25:44,878
It has wild temperature swings.
698
00:25:44,878 --> 00:25:46,214
It gets cosmic radiation, and
699
00:25:46,214 --> 00:25:48,260
the vacuum of space, and the
700
00:25:48,260 --> 00:25:50,807
life still survived.
701
00:25:50,807 --> 00:25:52,519
>> NARRATOR: Though many
702
00:25:52,519 --> 00:25:55,274
scientists still reject the idea
703
00:25:55,274 --> 00:25:57,194
of microscopic forms of life
704
00:25:57,194 --> 00:26:00,451
existing in space, even NASA
705
00:26:00,451 --> 00:26:01,954
takes great precautions in
706
00:26:01,954 --> 00:26:04,167
protecting people from any
707
00:26:04,167 --> 00:26:07,131
potential alien contamination.
708
00:26:07,131 --> 00:26:08,091
>> IMBROGNO: When the
709
00:26:08,091 --> 00:26:09,093
astronauts went to the moon,
710
00:26:09,093 --> 00:26:11,389
they were in two weeks of
711
00:26:11,389 --> 00:26:14,479
isolation, because the idea of
712
00:26:14,479 --> 00:26:17,276
dormant viruses on our moon's
713
00:26:17,276 --> 00:26:19,615
surface was taken very
714
00:26:19,615 --> 00:26:21,117
seriously.
715
00:26:21,117 --> 00:26:22,453
>> BIRNES: In the same way
716
00:26:22,453 --> 00:26:24,290
that ancient aliens might have
717
00:26:24,290 --> 00:26:26,127
come to planet Earth in hazmat
718
00:26:26,127 --> 00:26:27,923
suits to protect themselves,
719
00:26:27,923 --> 00:26:30,553
and us, from contamination,
720
00:26:30,553 --> 00:26:31,889
so NASA does that
721
00:26:31,889 --> 00:26:34,352
very thing today.
722
00:26:34,352 --> 00:26:37,358
>> NARRATOR: In 2006 and 2008,
723
00:26:37,358 --> 00:26:39,613
biologists on board separate
724
00:26:39,613 --> 00:26:41,449
space shuttle missions made
725
00:26:41,449 --> 00:26:44,581
a frightening discovery.
726
00:26:44,581 --> 00:26:46,794
Salmonella bacteria exposed to
727
00:26:46,794 --> 00:26:49,132
zero gravity actually got
728
00:26:49,132 --> 00:26:52,221
deadlier by as much as 700%.
729
00:26:52,221 --> 00:26:53,306
>> WICKRAMASINGHE: It's
730
00:26:53,306 --> 00:26:55,227
interesting that what they found
731
00:26:55,227 --> 00:26:56,897
was that, at zero gravity, there
732
00:26:56,897 --> 00:26:59,026
were mutations in the culture
733
00:26:59,026 --> 00:27:01,532
that led to a huge increase in
734
00:27:01,532 --> 00:27:03,368
virulence of the salmonella
735
00:27:03,368 --> 00:27:05,080
super bug.
736
00:27:05,080 --> 00:27:06,542
They do the best in terms of
737
00:27:06,542 --> 00:27:08,671
their mission to self‐replicate
738
00:27:08,671 --> 00:27:10,633
under zero gravity.
739
00:27:10,633 --> 00:27:11,927
To me, it is another indication
740
00:27:11,927 --> 00:27:14,182
that bacteria are space
741
00:27:14,182 --> 00:27:17,689
travelers.
742
00:27:17,689 --> 00:27:18,858
>> BRAMLEY: What you have is
743
00:27:18,858 --> 00:27:21,154
this risk that if you are
744
00:27:21,154 --> 00:27:24,327
bringing in viruses or elements
745
00:27:24,327 --> 00:27:26,540
from outer space, it could
746
00:27:26,540 --> 00:27:28,669
become a much more deadly form
747
00:27:28,669 --> 00:27:30,380
of that same germ than if it
748
00:27:30,380 --> 00:27:32,468
had developed on Earth.
749
00:27:32,468 --> 00:27:33,596
>> NARRATOR: The ability of
750
00:27:33,596 --> 00:27:35,307
viruses to evolve and mutate
751
00:27:35,307 --> 00:27:37,562
at an incredibly rapid rate was
752
00:27:37,562 --> 00:27:39,440
also at the root of the
753
00:27:39,440 --> 00:27:41,779
deadliest pandemic in recorded
754
00:27:41,779 --> 00:27:44,116
history‐‐ the same one that
755
00:27:44,116 --> 00:27:45,620
followed the Fatima event in
756
00:27:45,620 --> 00:27:49,293
Portugal: the Spanish influenza.
757
00:27:49,293 --> 00:27:50,505
>> GALPIN: We don't know where
758
00:27:50,505 --> 00:27:51,590
it came, why it left.
759
00:27:51,590 --> 00:27:54,011
It made World War I look puny.
760
00:27:54,011 --> 00:27:56,057
No weapons, cost of armaments,
761
00:27:56,057 --> 00:27:57,769
nobody had to raise the level
762
00:27:57,769 --> 00:27:59,438
for defense.
763
00:27:59,438 --> 00:28:02,111
It killed with little effort.
764
00:28:02,111 --> 00:28:03,864
>> IAN LIPKIN: Thinking in terms
765
00:28:03,864 --> 00:28:05,409
of today's numbers, the 50 to
766
00:28:05,409 --> 00:28:06,787
100 million people who died
767
00:28:06,787 --> 00:28:08,708
during the course of that
768
00:28:08,708 --> 00:28:10,795
outbreak would represent perhaps
769
00:28:10,795 --> 00:28:12,298
300 to 400 million in today's
770
00:28:12,298 --> 00:28:14,093
terms.
771
00:28:14,093 --> 00:28:15,053
>> WAINWRIGHT: It was a normal
772
00:28:15,053 --> 00:28:16,347
influenza, but it changed.
773
00:28:16,347 --> 00:28:17,684
It was mutated.
774
00:28:17,684 --> 00:28:19,228
We had a pandemic flu that was
775
00:28:19,228 --> 00:28:20,355
killing young people.
776
00:28:20,355 --> 00:28:21,650
They were dropping dead like
777
00:28:21,650 --> 00:28:25,157
flies.
778
00:28:25,157 --> 00:28:26,159
>> BRAMLEY: Scientists more
779
00:28:26,159 --> 00:28:27,161
recently have come up with this
780
00:28:27,161 --> 00:28:28,163
theory that, yeah, it must've
781
00:28:28,163 --> 00:28:30,543
come from space.
782
00:28:30,543 --> 00:28:32,212
It opens the possibility that
783
00:28:32,212 --> 00:28:33,841
there is a UFO connection.
784
00:28:33,841 --> 00:28:36,012
Perhaps they are managing us in
785
00:28:36,012 --> 00:28:38,643
a very brutal fashion.
786
00:28:38,643 --> 00:28:39,936
>> NARRATOR: The Spanish
787
00:28:39,936 --> 00:28:42,024
influenza eventually
788
00:28:42,024 --> 00:28:43,485
disappeared just as quickly as
789
00:28:43,485 --> 00:28:45,489
it had arrived, fading away
790
00:28:45,489 --> 00:28:47,619
completely just a year later in
791
00:28:47,619 --> 00:28:50,040
1919.
792
00:28:50,040 --> 00:28:51,710
Scientists believe it had
793
00:28:51,710 --> 00:28:54,256
mutated to the point it was
794
00:28:54,256 --> 00:28:58,264
no longer harmful to humans.
795
00:28:58,264 --> 00:29:00,227
But how did this incredibly
796
00:29:00,227 --> 00:29:01,939
deadly virus strike
797
00:29:01,939 --> 00:29:03,984
simultaneously all over the
798
00:29:03,984 --> 00:29:05,613
globe?
799
00:29:05,613 --> 00:29:07,491
Could it have had any connection
800
00:29:07,491 --> 00:29:10,497
to the strange events at Fatima,
801
00:29:10,497 --> 00:29:12,292
and the dire predictions
802
00:29:12,292 --> 00:29:14,548
communicated to three children,
803
00:29:14,548 --> 00:29:16,719
supposedly from a heavenly,
804
00:29:16,719 --> 00:29:18,931
or what some would call an
805
00:29:18,931 --> 00:29:21,310
extraterrestrial, source?
806
00:29:29,536 --> 00:29:34,963
>> NARRATOR: September 15, 2007.
807
00:29:34,963 --> 00:29:37,176
Residents of Carancas, Peru,
808
00:29:37,176 --> 00:29:39,430
watch in fascination as a
809
00:29:39,430 --> 00:29:41,769
gigantic fireball streaks across
810
00:29:41,769 --> 00:29:43,313
the sky.
811
00:29:43,313 --> 00:29:45,358
There is a loud explosion...
812
00:29:45,358 --> 00:29:46,862
(explosion thunders)
813
00:29:46,862 --> 00:29:48,616
...and a crash that shakes the
814
00:29:48,616 --> 00:29:52,331
ground violently.
815
00:29:52,331 --> 00:29:54,210
Something large and mysterious
816
00:29:54,210 --> 00:29:56,673
has fallen to Earth, causing a
817
00:29:56,673 --> 00:29:58,761
crater that scatters debris for
818
00:29:58,761 --> 00:30:00,138
nearly a mile in every
819
00:30:00,138 --> 00:30:04,313
direction.
820
00:30:04,313 --> 00:30:07,152
Fascination turns to fear when,
821
00:30:07,152 --> 00:30:08,906
just a few days later,
822
00:30:08,906 --> 00:30:10,952
hundreds of people become
823
00:30:10,952 --> 00:30:13,206
strangely and violently ill.
824
00:30:13,206 --> 00:30:14,668
>> PITTMAN: An extraterrestrial
825
00:30:14,668 --> 00:30:16,755
fireball impacted the grounds
826
00:30:16,755 --> 00:30:18,759
near Carancas in Peru.
827
00:30:18,759 --> 00:30:21,264
This impact sickened a great
828
00:30:21,264 --> 00:30:23,561
many people in that area.
829
00:30:27,067 --> 00:30:28,529
>> CHILDRESS: That was never
830
00:30:28,529 --> 00:30:30,533
explained by authorities, who
831
00:30:30,533 --> 00:30:32,452
couldn't really have an answer
832
00:30:32,452 --> 00:30:35,960
for why a meteorite strike would
833
00:30:35,960 --> 00:30:37,296
cause all these people
834
00:30:37,296 --> 00:30:38,632
to get sick.
835
00:30:38,632 --> 00:30:40,218
Meteorites are thought to be
836
00:30:40,218 --> 00:30:42,849
very clean and without bacteria
837
00:30:42,849 --> 00:30:46,022
or noxious gases.
838
00:30:46,022 --> 00:30:47,232
>> NARRATOR: Does this event
839
00:30:47,232 --> 00:30:49,654
suggest that microbes and other
840
00:30:49,654 --> 00:30:52,242
living organisms, not of this
841
00:30:52,242 --> 00:30:54,496
Earth, exist elsewhere in
842
00:30:54,496 --> 00:30:57,545
the universe?
843
00:30:57,545 --> 00:30:58,338
>> GALPIN: It would be
844
00:30:58,338 --> 00:30:59,633
narrow‐minded to accept that all
845
00:30:59,633 --> 00:31:01,344
of our trillions of bacteria
846
00:31:01,344 --> 00:31:02,680
and viruses are so unique,
847
00:31:02,680 --> 00:31:04,350
since they occur everywhere in
848
00:31:04,350 --> 00:31:05,519
every part of this world,
849
00:31:05,519 --> 00:31:06,521
that they wouldn't occur
850
00:31:06,521 --> 00:31:07,982
in other planets and other
851
00:31:07,982 --> 00:31:10,487
systems around the universe.
852
00:31:14,913 --> 00:31:15,706
>> NARRATOR: The Stardust
853
00:31:15,706 --> 00:31:18,545
mission.
854
00:31:18,545 --> 00:31:22,804
2006.
855
00:31:22,804 --> 00:31:24,557
A NASA spacecraft plunges
856
00:31:24,557 --> 00:31:26,060
through the tail of comet
857
00:31:26,060 --> 00:31:29,818
81P‐Wild...
858
00:31:29,818 --> 00:31:31,487
collecting comet particles on
859
00:31:31,487 --> 00:31:33,449
blocks of a sticky material
860
00:31:33,449 --> 00:31:37,834
called aerogel.
861
00:31:37,834 --> 00:31:40,296
The findings stun even the most
862
00:31:40,296 --> 00:31:43,302
cynical scientists.
863
00:31:43,302 --> 00:31:44,263
>> SEAGER: The Stardust
864
00:31:44,263 --> 00:31:45,850
detector came back to Earth,
865
00:31:45,850 --> 00:31:47,436
the particles collected were
866
00:31:47,436 --> 00:31:49,440
studied in detail, and many
867
00:31:49,440 --> 00:31:51,444
organic compounds were found,
868
00:31:51,444 --> 00:31:52,947
including the amino acid
869
00:31:52,947 --> 00:31:54,951
glycine, which is a building
870
00:31:54,951 --> 00:31:56,913
block for life.
871
00:31:59,627 --> 00:32:00,880
>> NARRATOR: Might asteroids
872
00:32:00,880 --> 00:32:02,800
and meteors really be the
873
00:32:02,800 --> 00:32:04,386
delivery system for alien
874
00:32:04,386 --> 00:32:05,723
microbes and other
875
00:32:05,723 --> 00:32:10,900
extraterrestrial life‐forms?
876
00:32:10,900 --> 00:32:13,404
Could strange germs and deadly
877
00:32:13,404 --> 00:32:15,158
diseases be the result of
878
00:32:15,158 --> 00:32:18,749
biological hitchhikers in space?
879
00:32:18,749 --> 00:32:21,003
>> NARRATOR: In the 1960's,
880
00:32:21,003 --> 00:32:23,174
Nobel Laureate Harold Urey
881
00:32:23,174 --> 00:32:25,470
developed a new field of science
882
00:32:25,470 --> 00:32:27,850
called cosmochemistry.
883
00:32:27,850 --> 00:32:30,188
He theorized that meteorites
884
00:32:30,188 --> 00:32:31,900
contained the fossilized remains
885
00:32:31,900 --> 00:32:34,739
of space bacteria.
886
00:32:34,739 --> 00:32:35,866
>> WICKRAMASINGHE: It was
887
00:32:35,866 --> 00:32:38,454
dismissed almost instantly by
888
00:32:38,454 --> 00:32:40,876
a huge establishment of American
889
00:32:40,876 --> 00:32:43,841
meteoritic scientists.
890
00:32:43,841 --> 00:32:45,803
There's no way, they argued,
891
00:32:45,803 --> 00:32:47,305
that life could be inside a
892
00:32:47,305 --> 00:32:50,311
comet, and so it was sort of...
893
00:32:50,311 --> 00:32:53,861
essentially swept under the rug.
894
00:32:57,409 --> 00:33:00,165
>> NARRATOR: In 1996, NASA
895
00:33:00,165 --> 00:33:02,837
researchers, led by David McKay
896
00:33:02,837 --> 00:33:04,591
of the Johnson Space Center,
897
00:33:04,591 --> 00:33:06,468
announced that another space
898
00:33:06,468 --> 00:33:08,640
rock found in Antarctica‐‐
899
00:33:08,640 --> 00:33:12,314
meteorite ALH84001‐‐
900
00:33:12,314 --> 00:33:13,650
contained the fossilized
901
00:33:13,650 --> 00:33:16,740
remains of life on Mars.
902
00:33:16,740 --> 00:33:18,409
>> PRESIDENT CLINTON: It must be
903
00:33:18,409 --> 00:33:20,581
confirmed by other scientists,
904
00:33:20,581 --> 00:33:23,754
but clearly, the fact that
905
00:33:23,754 --> 00:33:25,048
something of this magnitude is
906
00:33:25,048 --> 00:33:27,219
being explored is another
907
00:33:27,219 --> 00:33:29,348
vindication of America's space
908
00:33:29,348 --> 00:33:31,185
program and our continuing
909
00:33:31,185 --> 00:33:33,105
support for it, even in these
910
00:33:33,105 --> 00:33:35,068
tough financial times.
911
00:33:37,907 --> 00:33:39,076
>> NARRATOR: Even as recently
912
00:33:39,076 --> 00:33:42,249
as March of 2011, NASA scientist
913
00:33:42,249 --> 00:33:44,253
Richard Hoover published
914
00:33:44,253 --> 00:33:46,006
evidence of life found in
915
00:33:46,006 --> 00:33:47,885
meteorites.
916
00:33:47,885 --> 00:33:48,845
>> WICKRAMASINGHE: Richard
917
00:33:48,845 --> 00:33:50,599
Hoover found really stunning
918
00:33:50,599 --> 00:33:53,855
images of microscopic organisms
919
00:33:53,855 --> 00:33:56,110
resembling modern organisms.
920
00:33:58,239 --> 00:34:00,285
This was published in March of
921
00:34:00,285 --> 00:34:03,332
2011 in the Journal of
922
00:34:03,332 --> 00:34:05,921
Cosmology, and it's caused the
923
00:34:05,921 --> 00:34:08,217
biggest rumpus in science that I
924
00:34:08,217 --> 00:34:11,975
recall in my entire career.
925
00:34:11,975 --> 00:34:13,645
High officials of NASA were
926
00:34:13,645 --> 00:34:15,398
livid, because here was this guy
927
00:34:15,398 --> 00:34:17,319
at Marshall Space Flight Center
928
00:34:17,319 --> 00:34:19,991
trying to overturn a paradigm.
929
00:34:19,991 --> 00:34:21,745
>> BIRNES: If alien bacteria
930
00:34:21,745 --> 00:34:23,665
has entered the Earth's
931
00:34:23,665 --> 00:34:25,043
atmosphere, could it have been
932
00:34:25,043 --> 00:34:26,671
sent here deliberately?
933
00:34:26,671 --> 00:34:28,299
Well, the answer is yes.
934
00:34:28,299 --> 00:34:29,594
If they were trying to invade
935
00:34:29,594 --> 00:34:31,556
a planet, they would do it by
936
00:34:31,556 --> 00:34:33,476
putting their own bacteria on
937
00:34:33,476 --> 00:34:36,398
pieces of rock and making sure
938
00:34:36,398 --> 00:34:38,402
that landed on planet Earth, and
939
00:34:38,402 --> 00:34:40,406
in so doing, create a series of
940
00:34:40,406 --> 00:34:42,118
violent epidemics that would
941
00:34:42,118 --> 00:34:43,287
wipe out the planet's
942
00:34:43,287 --> 00:34:45,793
population.
943
00:34:49,634 --> 00:34:51,721
>> NARRATOR: Kerala, India.
944
00:34:51,721 --> 00:34:54,685
2001.
945
00:34:54,685 --> 00:34:58,067
A cosmic bang...
946
00:34:58,067 --> 00:34:59,654
a massive explosion in
947
00:34:59,654 --> 00:35:01,448
the atmosphere, and then...
948
00:35:01,448 --> 00:35:03,537
(thunder cracks)
949
00:35:03,537 --> 00:35:07,670
...a downpour of red rain.
950
00:35:07,670 --> 00:35:09,674
It is eerily reminiscent of
951
00:35:09,674 --> 00:35:12,178
ancient myths and stories about
952
00:35:12,178 --> 00:35:15,602
blood coming down from the sky.
953
00:35:15,602 --> 00:35:17,565
Homer writes in The Iliad about
954
00:35:17,565 --> 00:35:19,569
a blood rain foreshadowing
955
00:35:19,569 --> 00:35:22,240
slaughter in battle.
956
00:35:22,240 --> 00:35:24,286
Gregory of Tours witnessed a
957
00:35:24,286 --> 00:35:26,206
blood rain before the outbreak
958
00:35:26,206 --> 00:35:29,881
of the Justinian Plague.
959
00:35:29,881 --> 00:35:32,135
And in 14th century Germany,
960
00:35:32,135 --> 00:35:33,387
a shower of blood reportedly
961
00:35:33,387 --> 00:35:35,433
preceded the Black Death.
962
00:35:35,433 --> 00:35:37,855
>> RADER: It is like the human
963
00:35:37,855 --> 00:35:40,151
world seeing the effect of the
964
00:35:40,151 --> 00:35:42,197
immortal world.
965
00:35:42,197 --> 00:35:43,825
The gods are so affected by our
966
00:35:43,825 --> 00:35:45,788
lives that they are willing to
967
00:35:45,788 --> 00:35:47,666
change the laws of the physical
968
00:35:47,666 --> 00:35:49,169
world so that something we
969
00:35:49,169 --> 00:35:50,839
experience as rain, in fact,
970
00:35:50,839 --> 00:35:54,972
comes down as blood.
971
00:35:54,972 --> 00:35:56,810
>> NARRATOR: After the incident
972
00:35:56,810 --> 00:35:59,607
in Kerala, biologist Dr. Godfrey
973
00:35:59,607 --> 00:36:02,278
Louis is able to collect samples
974
00:36:02,278 --> 00:36:03,532
of the strange red liquid.
975
00:36:03,532 --> 00:36:04,784
>> WICKRAMASINGHE: He collected
976
00:36:04,784 --> 00:36:06,830
the rain as clean as possible,
977
00:36:06,830 --> 00:36:09,042
and it was discovered that they
978
00:36:09,042 --> 00:36:12,006
contained cells that looked like
979
00:36:12,006 --> 00:36:14,219
living cells.
980
00:36:14,219 --> 00:36:16,390
>> WAINWRIGHT: So it's some kind
981
00:36:16,390 --> 00:36:17,643
of organism.
982
00:36:17,643 --> 00:36:18,770
Now where's it come from?
983
00:36:18,770 --> 00:36:19,897
Does it come from space or does
984
00:36:19,897 --> 00:36:20,691
it come from Earth?
985
00:36:20,691 --> 00:36:22,736
This is the big question.
986
00:36:22,736 --> 00:36:23,697
Because, of course, the
987
00:36:23,697 --> 00:36:25,241
meteorite bang immediately puts
988
00:36:25,241 --> 00:36:28,540
it into the realms of mystery,
989
00:36:28,540 --> 00:36:31,295
space.
990
00:36:31,295 --> 00:36:33,508
>> NARRATOR: To date, there have
991
00:36:33,508 --> 00:36:35,929
been no verifiable reports of
992
00:36:35,929 --> 00:36:37,348
illness connected with the blood
993
00:36:37,348 --> 00:36:42,025
rain in Kerala... but if meteors
994
00:36:42,025 --> 00:36:43,485
and other falling objects from
995
00:36:43,485 --> 00:36:46,618
space really do contain deadly
996
00:36:46,618 --> 00:36:49,665
bacteria, is it simply an
997
00:36:49,665 --> 00:36:52,378
accident...
998
00:36:52,378 --> 00:36:54,007
or is it possible that what
999
00:36:54,007 --> 00:36:56,011
we think of as natural
1000
00:36:56,011 --> 00:36:58,558
phenomena are really part of
1001
00:36:58,558 --> 00:37:01,814
another, perhaps more insidious
1002
00:37:01,814 --> 00:37:03,902
plan?
1003
00:37:08,494 --> 00:37:10,874
>> NARRATOR: In 2001, Mary
1004
00:37:10,874 --> 00:37:13,087
Leitao, a former hospital lab
1005
00:37:13,087 --> 00:37:15,842
technician in Boston, discovers
1006
00:37:15,842 --> 00:37:17,680
red, blue, black, and white
1007
00:37:17,680 --> 00:37:20,393
fibers in sores under her
1008
00:37:20,393 --> 00:37:23,566
two‐year‐old son's lip.
1009
00:37:25,152 --> 00:37:27,156
Eight different doctors are
1010
00:37:27,156 --> 00:37:29,285
unable to find any disease,
1011
00:37:29,285 --> 00:37:32,000
allergy, or anything unusual
1012
00:37:32,000 --> 00:37:33,628
that might be causing her son's
1013
00:37:33,628 --> 00:37:36,133
condition.
1014
00:37:36,133 --> 00:37:38,178
Today this condition has a
1015
00:37:38,178 --> 00:37:42,228
name‐‐ Morgellons disease‐‐
1016
00:37:42,228 --> 00:37:43,565
and according to the Morgellons
1017
00:37:43,565 --> 00:37:45,569
Research Foundation, it has
1018
00:37:45,569 --> 00:37:47,573
affected more than 12,000
1019
00:37:47,573 --> 00:37:50,369
families from all 50 states and
1020
00:37:50,369 --> 00:37:52,624
15 other countries.
1021
00:37:52,624 --> 00:37:54,712
>> CLIFF MICKELSON: No one knows
1022
00:37:54,712 --> 00:37:56,048
what Morgellons is.
1023
00:37:56,048 --> 00:37:58,511
It appears to be a brand‐new
1024
00:37:58,511 --> 00:38:00,389
arrival on the medical scene.
1025
00:38:00,389 --> 00:38:02,686
To have Morgellons disease is to
1026
00:38:02,686 --> 00:38:04,314
live a waking nightmare without
1027
00:38:04,314 --> 00:38:05,316
end.
1028
00:38:05,316 --> 00:38:06,443
>> RANDY WYMORE: To the best of
1029
00:38:06,443 --> 00:38:07,529
my knowledge there have been no
1030
00:38:07,529 --> 00:38:09,032
cures of Morgellons, and I think
1031
00:38:09,032 --> 00:38:10,284
partly that's because we don't
1032
00:38:10,284 --> 00:38:12,413
know what the cause is.
1033
00:38:12,413 --> 00:38:13,708
A physician who's trying to
1034
00:38:13,708 --> 00:38:15,921
treat a patient with Morgellons
1035
00:38:15,921 --> 00:38:17,131
is pretty much just shooting in
1036
00:38:17,131 --> 00:38:19,094
the dark.
1037
00:38:19,094 --> 00:38:20,931
>> NARRATOR: Sufferers of the
1038
00:38:20,931 --> 00:38:23,268
mysterious disease complain of
1039
00:38:23,268 --> 00:38:25,649
neurological problems similar to
1040
00:38:25,649 --> 00:38:29,364
multiple sclerosis and massive
1041
00:38:29,364 --> 00:38:31,661
oozing skin rashes that seem to
1042
00:38:31,661 --> 00:38:33,706
have a life of their own.
1043
00:38:33,706 --> 00:38:35,000
>> MICKELSON: The overt
1044
00:38:35,000 --> 00:38:37,255
dermatological symptoms would be
1045
00:38:37,255 --> 00:38:40,010
open sores on the skin‐‐ usually
1046
00:38:40,010 --> 00:38:41,514
round, volcanic, almost,
1047
00:38:41,514 --> 00:38:42,516
looking in nature.
1048
00:38:42,516 --> 00:38:44,352
>> WYMORE: Most people with
1049
00:38:44,352 --> 00:38:45,814
Morgellons have crawling
1050
00:38:45,814 --> 00:38:47,776
sensations in their skin.
1051
00:38:47,776 --> 00:38:49,279
Sometimes they describe it as
1052
00:38:49,279 --> 00:38:50,532
almost as though something is
1053
00:38:50,532 --> 00:38:52,326
inside there, biting or
1054
00:38:52,326 --> 00:38:56,168
stinging.
1055
00:38:56,168 --> 00:38:58,088
>> NARRATOR: Inside the lesions,
1056
00:38:58,088 --> 00:38:59,508
sufferers have discovered
1057
00:38:59,508 --> 00:39:02,138
colored fibers, like those found
1058
00:39:02,138 --> 00:39:03,432
on Mary Leitao's son.
1059
00:39:03,432 --> 00:39:04,727
>> WYMORE: You wouldn't believe
1060
00:39:04,727 --> 00:39:05,729
how many dermatologists I've
1061
00:39:05,729 --> 00:39:06,856
gotten phone calls and e‐mails
1062
00:39:06,856 --> 00:39:08,150
from, saying, "Sorry, humans
1063
00:39:08,150 --> 00:39:10,196
don't grow red and blue fibers."
1064
00:39:10,196 --> 00:39:11,574
Well, as a physiologist, I'm
1065
00:39:11,574 --> 00:39:13,243
quite aware of that fact, but it
1066
00:39:13,243 --> 00:39:14,495
doesn't change the fact that
1067
00:39:14,495 --> 00:39:17,418
these fibers are present, and
1068
00:39:17,418 --> 00:39:18,755
this mystery is, well, where are
1069
00:39:18,755 --> 00:39:20,132
the fibers coming from?
1070
00:39:20,132 --> 00:39:22,386
Is there a microorganism that is
1071
00:39:22,386 --> 00:39:25,059
producing these fibers?
1072
00:39:25,059 --> 00:39:27,146
We have absolutely no idea.
1073
00:39:27,146 --> 00:39:28,566
>> MICKELSON: The university
1074
00:39:28,566 --> 00:39:30,444
forwarded a number of samples to
1075
00:39:30,444 --> 00:39:32,866
the Tulsa Crime Lab, who ran
1076
00:39:32,866 --> 00:39:35,246
them through their database, the
1077
00:39:35,246 --> 00:39:37,291
FBI database, were unable to
1078
00:39:37,291 --> 00:39:40,256
find any match.
1079
00:39:42,803 --> 00:39:44,932
>> WYMORE: The Earth is being
1080
00:39:44,932 --> 00:39:46,644
bombarded by tons of debris from
1081
00:39:46,644 --> 00:39:49,817
outer space every year, and so,
1082
00:39:49,817 --> 00:39:51,821
is it possible that an organism
1083
00:39:51,821 --> 00:39:53,073
that we wouldn't recognize came
1084
00:39:53,073 --> 00:39:54,492
down with that debris, and
1085
00:39:54,492 --> 00:39:56,539
that's the cause of Morgellons?
1086
00:39:56,539 --> 00:39:58,208
Well, I just try and stay open‐
1087
00:39:58,208 --> 00:39:59,460
minded.
1088
00:39:59,460 --> 00:40:00,839
We can't really say yes, we
1089
00:40:00,839 --> 00:40:02,968
can't say no.
1090
00:40:02,968 --> 00:40:05,180
>> NARRATOR: But what is the
1091
00:40:05,180 --> 00:40:08,145
cause of Morgellons disease?
1092
00:40:08,145 --> 00:40:10,357
Is it simply an Earth‐based
1093
00:40:10,357 --> 00:40:13,948
mutation of a known virus?
1094
00:40:13,948 --> 00:40:16,119
Or does it have other, perhaps
1095
00:40:16,119 --> 00:40:19,000
interplanetary, origins?
1096
00:40:19,000 --> 00:40:21,087
>> GALPIN: If we look at
1097
00:40:21,087 --> 00:40:22,340
something that came from a
1098
00:40:22,340 --> 00:40:25,012
distant planet, so different
1099
00:40:25,012 --> 00:40:27,559
that it can do anything from
1100
00:40:27,559 --> 00:40:29,563
make us better, make us the
1101
00:40:29,563 --> 00:40:30,899
same, or in the long run, create
1102
00:40:30,899 --> 00:40:32,903
a new disease, or maybe it
1103
00:40:32,903 --> 00:40:36,451
doesn't produce disease‐‐
1104
00:40:36,451 --> 00:40:37,704
because diseases don't just
1105
00:40:37,704 --> 00:40:39,750
produce fever, headache‐‐ they
1106
00:40:39,750 --> 00:40:41,921
may change our thought
1107
00:40:41,921 --> 00:40:43,465
process, our reality, how we
1108
00:40:43,465 --> 00:40:45,010
move, how we think, how long we
1109
00:40:45,010 --> 00:40:50,020
live, even our emotions.
1110
00:40:50,020 --> 00:40:51,774
>> NARRATOR: Living microbes in
1111
00:40:51,774 --> 00:40:54,822
outer space.
1112
00:40:54,822 --> 00:40:57,536
Bacteria capable of mutating and
1113
00:40:57,536 --> 00:40:59,581
becoming more powerful in zero
1114
00:40:59,581 --> 00:41:01,501
gravity.
1115
00:41:01,501 --> 00:41:04,340
Comets carrying deadly, alien
1116
00:41:04,340 --> 00:41:07,012
life‐forms.
1117
00:41:07,012 --> 00:41:09,643
Could humankind be at the mercy
1118
00:41:09,643 --> 00:41:11,981
of extraterrestrial forces that
1119
00:41:11,981 --> 00:41:14,485
are invisible to the naked eye?
1120
00:41:14,485 --> 00:41:16,072
>> LIPKIN: The best estimates
1121
00:41:16,072 --> 00:41:17,534
that I've heard of the number of
1122
00:41:17,534 --> 00:41:19,287
bacteria in the world is
1123
00:41:19,287 --> 00:41:21,374
somewhere in the range of five
1124
00:41:21,374 --> 00:41:23,170
followed by 30 zeros.
1125
00:41:23,170 --> 00:41:25,800
It's a staggering number.
1126
00:41:25,800 --> 00:41:27,094
We're discovering more and more
1127
00:41:27,094 --> 00:41:28,806
all the time.
1128
00:41:28,806 --> 00:41:30,643
>> GALPIN: The real question
1129
00:41:30,643 --> 00:41:32,104
exists, who's really leading the
1130
00:41:32,104 --> 00:41:35,695
world‐‐ us or the trillions and
1131
00:41:35,695 --> 00:41:37,114
trillions of viruses that we
1132
00:41:37,114 --> 00:41:38,868
walk upon and may be playing
1133
00:41:38,868 --> 00:41:40,329
much more of an intimate part of
1134
00:41:40,329 --> 00:41:41,372
our lives than we had ever
1135
00:41:41,372 --> 00:41:42,374
thought?
1136
00:41:42,374 --> 00:41:44,128
>> COPPENS: Is it possible that
1137
00:41:44,128 --> 00:41:45,757
we are somehow being prepared
1138
00:41:45,757 --> 00:41:47,051
for something, which is going to
1139
00:41:47,051 --> 00:41:49,096
affect Earth as a global
1140
00:41:49,096 --> 00:41:51,267
civilization?
1141
00:41:51,267 --> 00:41:54,566
Is, somehow, it very important
1142
00:41:54,566 --> 00:41:56,529
that we are strong enough so
1143
00:41:56,529 --> 00:41:58,490
that we will be able to cope
1144
00:41:58,490 --> 00:41:59,910
with something which might be
1145
00:41:59,910 --> 00:42:01,412
coming our way?
1146
00:42:01,412 --> 00:42:02,666
>> GALPIN: The more you know all
1147
00:42:02,666 --> 00:42:03,668
the details, the more
1148
00:42:03,668 --> 00:42:05,672
frightening the thoughts are
1149
00:42:05,672 --> 00:42:07,007
about what's coming next.
1150
00:42:07,007 --> 00:42:08,343
The clock begins when the
1151
00:42:08,343 --> 00:42:10,264
disease hits, and we don't know
1152
00:42:10,264 --> 00:42:11,517
how much time the clock is
1153
00:42:11,517 --> 00:42:13,813
giving us.
1154
00:42:13,813 --> 00:42:16,276
That's the fear of the future.
1155
00:42:16,276 --> 00:42:17,904
>> NARRATOR: For thousands of
1156
00:42:17,904 --> 00:42:20,200
years, we have wondered if we
1157
00:42:20,200 --> 00:42:23,498
are alone in the universe, but
1158
00:42:23,498 --> 00:42:25,002
could alien life‐forms have been
1159
00:42:25,002 --> 00:42:28,300
among us all along?
1160
00:42:28,300 --> 00:42:29,928
If countless strains of deadly
1161
00:42:29,928 --> 00:42:32,141
bacteria are coming to Earth
1162
00:42:32,141 --> 00:42:35,690
from other worlds, is this the
1163
00:42:35,690 --> 00:42:37,944
proof we need that there is life
1164
00:42:37,944 --> 00:42:41,159
on other planets?
1165
00:42:41,159 --> 00:42:43,163
Could it be only by coincidence
1166
00:42:43,163 --> 00:42:45,000
that these life‐forms have made
1167
00:42:45,000 --> 00:42:46,587
contact with us in the form of
1168
00:42:46,587 --> 00:42:50,803
plagues and epidemics, or is
1169
00:42:50,803 --> 00:42:53,266
there another, perhaps alien,
1170
00:42:53,266 --> 00:42:57,274
intelligence at work‐‐
1171
00:42:57,274 --> 00:42:58,653
an intelligence which seeks to
1172
00:42:58,653 --> 00:43:01,992
reduce our numbers or maybe
1173
00:43:01,992 --> 00:43:03,286
prepare us for something?
1174
00:43:03,286 --> 00:43:05,290
If so, what and when?
1175
00:43:05,290 --> 00:43:06,292
Captioning sponsored by
1176
00:43:06,292 --> 00:43:08,296
A&E TELEVISION NETWORKS
1177
00:43:08,296 --> 00:43:09,256
Captioned by
1178
00:43:09,256 --> 00:43:10,217
Media Access Group at WGBH
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