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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:12,074 The Venom - $5 million GTD Poker Tourney Download AmericasCardroom.com 2 00:00:36,328 --> 00:00:38,422 (WHISTLING) 3 00:00:52,761 --> 00:00:57,232 'I gave every part of my youth to do a job 4 00:00:57,266 --> 00:01:00,770 and to go through a savage war.' 5 00:01:00,894 --> 00:01:03,443 'It was a different war from year to year 6 00:01:03,564 --> 00:01:06,113 and one's reactions were completely different. 7 00:01:06,233 --> 00:01:10,739 The intensity changed so much that anybody who'd been out in 1914 8 00:01:10,779 --> 00:01:15,080 and went home, then came back in 1917, wouldn't recognise it as the same war.' 9 00:01:16,118 --> 00:01:18,871 'I could only say one thing: I wouldn't have missed it. 10 00:01:18,954 --> 00:01:21,753 It was terrible at times, but I wouldn't have missed it.' 11 00:01:21,790 --> 00:01:24,885 'Oh, yes, if I could have my time again, 12 00:01:24,960 --> 00:01:28,590 I'd go through it all over again because I enjoyed the service life.' 13 00:01:28,630 --> 00:01:32,100 'I could only say that I have never been so excited in my life. 14 00:01:32,134 --> 00:01:35,809 This was like a boy going to the play for the first time.' 15 00:01:35,887 --> 00:01:38,982 'I never realised there was anything unusual about it. 16 00:01:39,099 --> 00:01:42,399 There was a job to be done and you just got on and did it.' 17 00:01:42,477 --> 00:01:45,447 'We were all instilled with that idea 18 00:01:45,480 --> 00:01:48,450 that this was war and that we'd got to kill the Germans 19 00:01:48,483 --> 00:01:50,781 and this was how we looked at the thing.' 20 00:01:50,819 --> 00:01:53,618 'I don't regret having experienced it. 21 00:01:53,655 --> 00:01:58,411 I wish I hadn't, but I don't regret it, because I'm safe. (CHUCKLES)' 22 00:01:58,493 --> 00:02:01,167 'There were good times and bad times in France, 23 00:02:01,246 --> 00:02:03,340 but you took the rough with the smooth.' 24 00:02:03,415 --> 00:02:07,010 'I was twice wounded and gassed, but it just didn't worry me. 25 00:02:07,127 --> 00:02:09,004 I just made the best of it.' 26 00:02:09,087 --> 00:02:11,465 'Just took it in its stride, like everybody else. 27 00:02:11,506 --> 00:02:14,510 We were glad to be in it and we expected it to be rough, 28 00:02:14,635 --> 00:02:16,854 and it was rough, but we didn't complain.' 29 00:02:17,638 --> 00:02:19,982 'There was no real excitement about it. 30 00:02:20,015 --> 00:02:23,485 You'd seen death so many times, you'd seen wounded so many times, 31 00:02:23,518 --> 00:02:25,191 blood didn't excite you. 32 00:02:25,312 --> 00:02:29,533 We were professionals and, to us, it was just a job of work.' 33 00:02:29,608 --> 00:02:33,658 'It would be a fallacy to say that one enjoyed it, 34 00:02:33,695 --> 00:02:36,790 but one got afterwards a nice, warm inner feeling 35 00:02:36,865 --> 00:02:38,538 that one had been of some use.' 36 00:02:38,617 --> 00:02:40,164 'It didn't affect me very much, 37 00:02:40,202 --> 00:02:43,376 because I wasn't sufficiently up in the ways of the world. 38 00:02:43,497 --> 00:02:45,875 I was only a kid, like other blokes there. 39 00:02:45,999 --> 00:02:49,219 It was more like a great, big game to be enjoyed, 40 00:02:49,294 --> 00:02:52,719 apart from the actual shelling and all that sort of thing.' 41 00:02:52,839 --> 00:02:54,887 'It made me a man, yes, it did. 42 00:02:55,008 --> 00:02:57,386 I don't think I should have ever been the man I am 43 00:02:57,511 --> 00:03:00,390 if it hadn't been for having to serve.' 44 00:03:00,472 --> 00:03:03,191 'You'd learn to look after yourself 45 00:03:03,225 --> 00:03:07,196 whereas, in your civilian life, your mother did all the chores. 46 00:03:07,229 --> 00:03:11,200 You've got to learn how to cook for yourself, darn your own socks, 47 00:03:11,233 --> 00:03:14,157 sew on your own buttons and all the things like that.' 48 00:03:14,236 --> 00:03:15,738 'It was just a day's work. 49 00:03:15,862 --> 00:03:17,910 I knew that I was not alone. 50 00:03:18,031 --> 00:03:20,329 I knew that I wasn't fighting the war by myself 51 00:03:20,409 --> 00:03:23,253 and that what happened to other people might happen to me.' 52 00:03:23,328 --> 00:03:27,925 'I had no regrets at all but, you see, I had no wife, no girl, no nothing. 53 00:03:27,999 --> 00:03:30,172 No regrets and no horrors... 54 00:03:31,837 --> 00:03:35,341 ...because, if you survive that, you can survive anything.' 55 00:03:35,424 --> 00:03:37,518 (WHISTLING CEASES) 56 00:03:46,351 --> 00:03:50,401 'We were aware there was sort of a nasty feeling between England and Germany, 57 00:03:50,439 --> 00:03:53,443 as we knew of the Kaiser's ambition to expand his empire 58 00:03:53,525 --> 00:03:55,198 and all that sort of thing.' 59 00:03:55,277 --> 00:03:57,371 'During that summer, 60 00:03:57,446 --> 00:04:01,201 there was a lot of talk about trouble going on in the Balkans, 61 00:04:01,283 --> 00:04:04,913 but we were a long way from the Balkans and it didn't worry us at all.' 62 00:04:06,037 --> 00:04:09,632 'It was that Serbia business, wasn't it? Serbia, when that chap was shot.' 63 00:04:10,709 --> 00:04:12,461 'I was paying attention to politics 64 00:04:12,586 --> 00:04:16,432 and I realised there was going to be trouble between England and Germany.' 65 00:04:17,299 --> 00:04:20,394 'Well, it was a lovely August 4th morning.' 66 00:04:20,469 --> 00:04:22,471 'We were all seated round the table 67 00:04:22,554 --> 00:04:26,149 and we were starting the rugby football dinner with the German team. 68 00:04:26,266 --> 00:04:28,985 There was a German here and next to him was an Englishman, 69 00:04:29,060 --> 00:04:31,483 and next to him was a German, and so on and so on. 70 00:04:31,605 --> 00:04:34,324 And a runner arrived into the middle of this dinner 71 00:04:34,399 --> 00:04:37,448 with extraordinary news of outbreak of war.' 72 00:04:37,486 --> 00:04:40,660 'There was a big placard: "War declared on Germany."' 73 00:04:40,781 --> 00:04:43,125 'We didn't know what we ought to do, 74 00:04:43,158 --> 00:04:45,581 whether we ought to seize a knife off the table 75 00:04:45,660 --> 00:04:50,416 and plunge it into the German or what, but after a little bit of discussion 76 00:04:50,499 --> 00:04:53,343 we decided that, as far as we were concerned, 77 00:04:53,460 --> 00:04:58,682 the war was going to start tomorrow, and the party proceeded.' 78 00:05:00,634 --> 00:05:02,511 'I'm proud of being a Britisher. 79 00:05:02,594 --> 00:05:05,268 I mean, I think we're as good a country as any in the world 80 00:05:05,347 --> 00:05:08,191 and you've got to be prepared to fight for that.' 81 00:05:08,266 --> 00:05:11,110 'There's no doubt about it, in the First World War, 82 00:05:11,186 --> 00:05:13,280 we prepared for war.' 83 00:05:13,355 --> 00:05:16,859 The Empire was strong. We weren't afraid of anyone.' 84 00:05:16,983 --> 00:05:20,613 'Everybody bought little buttons and waved flags and sang songs. 85 00:05:20,695 --> 00:05:23,448 There was no feeling of despair about it at all.' 86 00:05:23,532 --> 00:05:25,330 'England couldn't possibly lose, 87 00:05:25,367 --> 00:05:28,962 no matter how many Germans pushed how many Englishmen into the Channel, 88 00:05:29,037 --> 00:05:30,505 they'd get no further. 89 00:05:30,580 --> 00:05:32,048 We couldn't possible lose.' 90 00:05:32,123 --> 00:05:36,173 'We were brought up to think that one Englishman's worth ten Germans.' 91 00:05:36,253 --> 00:05:38,597 'I thought that any enemy of England 92 00:05:38,672 --> 00:05:42,142 was an enemy of mine and I wanted to be in it.' 93 00:05:42,217 --> 00:05:46,313 'Oh, six months or 12 months and it'd be all over and Bob's your uncle.' 94 00:05:46,388 --> 00:05:49,187 'I went with a friend of mine into Shepherd's Bush Empire 95 00:05:49,266 --> 00:05:52,987 to see the picture show there and they showed the fleet sailing the high seas 96 00:05:53,061 --> 00:05:55,780 and played, "Britons never shall be slaves." 97 00:05:55,856 --> 00:05:58,450 One feels that little shiver run up their back 98 00:05:58,525 --> 00:06:00,527 and you know you've got to do something.' 99 00:06:00,610 --> 00:06:03,329 'A friend of mine said to me, "We're going to join up." 100 00:06:03,405 --> 00:06:05,499 It was from the patriotic point of view 101 00:06:05,574 --> 00:06:09,829 and from the general excitement of the whole affair, I suppose.' 102 00:06:10,912 --> 00:06:13,290 'I didn't believe in war to that extent, 103 00:06:13,373 --> 00:06:15,501 but I was prepared to do my part.' 104 00:06:15,584 --> 00:06:19,464 'You see, in those days, men weren't to think for themselves. 105 00:06:19,546 --> 00:06:23,471 They just had to do what they were told and that's all there was to it.' 106 00:06:23,550 --> 00:06:26,554 'Oh, my mother was very aggrieved about it 107 00:06:26,636 --> 00:06:30,015 but, you know, a young man, you decide you're going to go.' 108 00:06:30,098 --> 00:06:33,693 'At lunch time, I left the office, went along to Armoury House 109 00:06:33,768 --> 00:06:37,147 and there was a queue of about 1,000 people trying to enlist.' 110 00:06:37,230 --> 00:06:39,858 'Everybody thought that it would be a civilised war 111 00:06:39,941 --> 00:06:41,818 and wanted to be fit enough to go.' 112 00:06:41,902 --> 00:06:44,951 'Two of us decided to join up together and when we told the boss 113 00:06:45,030 --> 00:06:48,159 we were going to start training on Monday, he was very annoyed. 114 00:06:48,241 --> 00:06:52,041 He didn't make any promise that our jobs would be there when we got back.' 115 00:06:52,120 --> 00:06:55,590 'My mother, she said, "You wait until you're 19." 116 00:06:55,665 --> 00:07:01,513 See, that was the age in those days, 19 to 35. Well, it was supposed to be.' 117 00:07:01,588 --> 00:07:03,841 'We were all lads together, you know, 118 00:07:03,924 --> 00:07:06,347 full of excitement and all this kind of thing. 119 00:07:06,426 --> 00:07:08,929 I mean, I just wanted to have a go at Jerry.' 120 00:07:09,012 --> 00:07:12,232 'I just thought that I'd like to go and fight for the country. 121 00:07:12,307 --> 00:07:16,483 You were proud of your country and you'd do the best you could for it 122 00:07:16,561 --> 00:07:21,067 and this was what most of the young people thought of doing in those days.' 123 00:07:21,149 --> 00:07:22,822 'My mother, she said to me, 124 00:07:22,901 --> 00:07:26,121 "Look, we could stop you doing this because of your age." 125 00:07:26,196 --> 00:07:29,951 I said, "Yes, I know you could, Mother, but I'm sure you won't," 126 00:07:30,033 --> 00:07:31,831 which they never did.' 127 00:07:31,910 --> 00:07:35,756 'l just felt that all the young fellas of that age were volunteering 128 00:07:35,830 --> 00:07:38,424 and I thought it was my job to do the same.' 129 00:07:38,500 --> 00:07:40,173 'I was desperately keen. 130 00:07:40,251 --> 00:07:43,596 A whole heap of us went. I said, "Direct enlistment, please." 131 00:07:43,672 --> 00:07:47,142 They were highly delighted and pushed me in as quick as lightning.' 132 00:07:47,217 --> 00:07:50,061 'Lots of the lads were joining the local regiments, 133 00:07:50,136 --> 00:07:52,389 like the Bucks and the Middlesex. 134 00:07:52,472 --> 00:07:54,474 Lads that I knew and been to school with, 135 00:07:54,557 --> 00:07:58,437 played football and cricket with, we joined up, hoping for the best.' 136 00:07:58,520 --> 00:08:00,943 'We were good friends, comrades 137 00:08:01,022 --> 00:08:05,198 and it was a relief from rather boring jobs at home, you see.' 138 00:08:05,276 --> 00:08:08,701 'I was walking down the Camden town High Street 139 00:08:08,780 --> 00:08:11,158 when two young ladies approached me. 140 00:08:11,241 --> 00:08:14,916 "Why aren't you in the army?" I said, "I'm only 17." 141 00:08:14,995 --> 00:08:16,918 "Oh, they all say that here." 142 00:08:16,997 --> 00:08:20,251 And to my amazement, she put her hand in her bag 143 00:08:20,333 --> 00:08:23,678 and I put my hand up to sort of safeguard myself 144 00:08:23,753 --> 00:08:26,757 when this white feather finished up my nose.' 145 00:08:27,674 --> 00:08:31,724 'As we marched to the station, some of the chaps had bowler hats, 146 00:08:31,803 --> 00:08:35,774 some had straw hats, some had the regulation peaked army cap. 147 00:08:35,849 --> 00:08:39,854 Some would have tunics, some would be dressed with their ordinaryjackets 148 00:08:39,936 --> 00:08:41,813 with a pair of army trousers. 149 00:08:41,896 --> 00:08:47,153 Some had army boots, some didn't, and we really were a motley throng.' 150 00:08:47,235 --> 00:08:50,455 'Some of them were obviously chaps who had hoped to live in some comfort 151 00:08:50,530 --> 00:08:54,125 and brought suitcases with clothes with them which they never saw again.' 152 00:08:54,200 --> 00:08:57,295 'We had to all get our hair cut. "How would you like it, sir?" 153 00:08:57,370 --> 00:08:59,668 And you'd say, "Short back and sides," 154 00:08:59,748 --> 00:09:03,093 but the answer was straight over the top with horse clippers 155 00:09:03,168 --> 00:09:05,887 and we looked more like convicts than soldiers.' 156 00:09:05,962 --> 00:09:10,468 'As soon as war broke out, there was a call made for all ex-soldiers to rejoin 157 00:09:10,550 --> 00:09:12,848 and they made 'em sergeants straightaway, 158 00:09:12,927 --> 00:09:15,305 so you got a lot of instructors that way.' 159 00:09:15,805 --> 00:09:18,183 'The people who really carried us through 160 00:09:18,266 --> 00:09:21,270 was the old sweats who'd had previous war experience 161 00:09:21,352 --> 00:09:26,529 and gave us a lot of wise advise as to what to look for and what to dodge.' 162 00:09:26,608 --> 00:09:29,657 'We were ordered down onto the parade ground 163 00:09:29,736 --> 00:09:33,491 and then we were allotted to different platoons.' 164 00:09:33,573 --> 00:09:39,751 'When they came to us, they were weedy, sallow, skinny, frightened children. 165 00:09:39,829 --> 00:09:42,503 The refuse of our industrial system 166 00:09:42,582 --> 00:09:47,088 and they were in very poor condition and had to be made into soldiers.' 167 00:09:47,170 --> 00:09:51,141 'Many of us had given our wrong ages to join the army.' 168 00:09:51,216 --> 00:09:53,935 'The adjutant walked down the lines and gave an order, 169 00:09:54,010 --> 00:09:58,436 "Every man under the age of 19 to take two paces forward." 170 00:09:58,515 --> 00:10:00,893 Nobody moved.' 171 00:10:01,768 --> 00:10:05,773 'I was a lad of 17, and they'd probably see I wasn't 19, 172 00:10:05,855 --> 00:10:07,949 which you had to be to join up, 173 00:10:08,024 --> 00:10:11,324 but they says, "How long do you want to sign on for?"' 174 00:10:11,402 --> 00:10:14,906 'Everybody else was joining up, so I went into the recruiting office. 175 00:10:14,989 --> 00:10:17,959 He said to me, "How old are you?" I said, "17, sir." 176 00:10:18,034 --> 00:10:21,379 "Well," he says, "Go outside and come back and say you're 18." 177 00:10:21,454 --> 00:10:24,128 So, of course, I went outside and said I were 18. 178 00:10:24,207 --> 00:10:26,505 Then straight o'er the sea for Flanders.' 179 00:10:26,584 --> 00:10:30,259 'The sergeant said, "How old are you?" I said, "I'm 18 and one month." 180 00:10:30,338 --> 00:10:33,182 He said, "Do you mean 19 and one month?" So I thought a moment. 181 00:10:33,258 --> 00:10:36,102 I said, "Yes, sir." He said, "Right, sign here, please."' 182 00:10:36,177 --> 00:10:40,227 'He asked me how old I was and I said I was 16 in March. 183 00:10:40,306 --> 00:10:44,356 "Oh." he said, "You're too young. You'd better go outside and have a birthday.“ 184 00:10:44,435 --> 00:10:49,817 'I was 16 years old in 1917, and I was six-foot-two tall 185 00:10:49,899 --> 00:10:52,402 and my father allowed me to go. 186 00:10:52,485 --> 00:10:55,830 So I entered my age as 19 years old, 187 00:10:55,905 --> 00:10:59,626 three years older than what I really was.' 188 00:10:59,701 --> 00:11:03,877 'I was 15 years, just two-and-a-half years short of 18, 189 00:11:03,955 --> 00:11:09,587 and I got before this medical officer who said, "All right, you pass."' 190 00:11:10,712 --> 00:11:12,714 'I was just turned 17 at the time 191 00:11:12,797 --> 00:11:16,518 and I went up to Whitehall and enlisted in the 16th Lancers.' 192 00:11:17,385 --> 00:11:22,061 'I was 15 and I thought I'd have a better chance than when I were 14, 193 00:11:22,140 --> 00:11:27,488 so I walked into the barracks and just said, "I'm 18," and that was it.' 194 00:11:28,646 --> 00:11:30,819 'My parents wrote to the commanding officer 195 00:11:30,899 --> 00:11:33,368 and asked for me, as I was underage, to be released. 196 00:11:33,443 --> 00:11:36,788 He said, "Your parents want you back. Do you want to go?" 197 00:11:36,863 --> 00:11:38,957 I said, "No."' 198 00:11:40,491 --> 00:11:43,665 'The chaplain asked me my age and I said I was 16. 199 00:11:43,745 --> 00:11:46,043 He said, "Much too young. 200 00:11:46,122 --> 00:11:48,295 Would you like me to pray for you?"' 201 00:11:51,669 --> 00:11:55,845 'The clothing came piecemeal into the quartermaster's stores.' 202 00:11:58,468 --> 00:12:00,937 'One lad said, "These boots don't fit me." 203 00:12:01,012 --> 00:12:04,892 The quartermaster said, "There isn't such a thing as boots that don't fit, 204 00:12:04,974 --> 00:12:07,147 it's your feet, they don't fit the b0ots."' 205 00:12:08,269 --> 00:12:13,070 'Some men would find a tunic to fit them or perhaps a pair of trousers. 206 00:12:13,149 --> 00:12:18,121 And so it went on for nearly a fortnight. Just one uniform. 207 00:12:18,196 --> 00:12:21,826 I was in the army nearly four years. I only had one uniform.' 208 00:12:22,951 --> 00:12:25,955 'We were all issued with these famous puttees, 209 00:12:26,037 --> 00:12:27,710 which were news to all of us 210 00:12:27,789 --> 00:12:31,919 and I personally could never quite master the putting on of puttees.' 211 00:12:32,001 --> 00:12:35,881 'The main reason for puttees were to support the legs in marching.' 212 00:12:35,964 --> 00:12:39,844 'I was issued with a kilt, but nothing to wear underneath it 213 00:12:39,926 --> 00:12:42,020 and I was given a slip of paper to say, 214 00:12:42,095 --> 00:12:44,939 "This man has not been issued with underpants." 215 00:12:45,014 --> 00:12:49,269 I was given strict instructions that I couldn't ride on top of a tram car. 216 00:12:49,352 --> 00:12:51,025 I had to ride downstairs.' 217 00:12:52,981 --> 00:12:56,611 'Now, the pack was for everything that you owned. 218 00:12:56,693 --> 00:13:01,073 The overcoat had to be folded very, very neatly and tightly. 219 00:13:01,155 --> 00:13:05,877 There was a needle, thread, spare buttons, knife, fork, spoon, 220 00:13:05,952 --> 00:13:11,800 razor, shaving brush, toothbrush, and also a half-pint mug, 221 00:13:11,874 --> 00:13:17,506 one spare shirt and one spare pair of socks, and that was your kit. 222 00:13:17,588 --> 00:13:21,013 The army razor with which we were issued was absolutely useless, 223 00:13:21,092 --> 00:13:23,845 but it came in handy for cutting up meat and so forth. 224 00:13:23,928 --> 00:13:26,772 The toothbrush, that came in handy for cleaning buttons. 225 00:13:26,848 --> 00:13:29,772 One of the peculiarities about the army was, 226 00:13:29,851 --> 00:13:32,149 although it was a crime to have dirty buttons, 227 00:13:32,228 --> 00:13:36,153 you were never issued with the materials to clean the buttons with. 228 00:13:36,232 --> 00:13:37,984 You had to buy them yourself. 229 00:13:38,067 --> 00:13:41,492 We were awakened by the bugle which sounded Reveille. 230 00:13:41,571 --> 00:13:45,542 Wash, shave, pack your bed up and pack your kit about half-past six 231 00:13:45,616 --> 00:13:49,041 and you would have an hour PT before breakfast.' 232 00:13:49,120 --> 00:13:53,375 'Press-ups and physical exercises, arms upward stretch.' 233 00:13:53,458 --> 00:13:56,678 'They knew you were fresh and they tried to take you by stages. 234 00:13:56,753 --> 00:13:59,222 There wasn't any bullying or anything like that.' 235 00:14:00,173 --> 00:14:03,302 'Breakfast consisted of bread, 236 00:14:03,384 --> 00:14:06,183 butter, one rasher of Lance Corporal bacon, 237 00:14:06,262 --> 00:14:09,812 cos it was streaky bacon, it had one stripe in it.' 238 00:14:09,891 --> 00:14:14,397 'There was jam and they seemed to make nothing but plum and apple, you know. 239 00:14:14,479 --> 00:14:18,450 If you got any other kind, it was a celebration event. (CHUCKLES)' 240 00:14:19,484 --> 00:14:22,738 'Well, Bruce Bairnsfather's cartoons depicted that. 241 00:14:22,820 --> 00:14:24,914 They'd hand him a tin of plum and apple jam. 242 00:14:24,989 --> 00:14:27,162 "When the 'ell is it goin' to be strawberry?" 243 00:14:27,241 --> 00:14:29,118 Ooh, he was wonderful, that chap.' 244 00:14:29,202 --> 00:14:32,251 'Ticklers, the jam manufacturers, 245 00:14:32,330 --> 00:14:36,005 they must have made millions of tins of P&A: plum and apple. 246 00:14:37,168 --> 00:14:40,763 ♪ Oh, oh, oh, it's a lovely war 247 00:14:40,838 --> 00:14:45,844 ♪ What do we want with eggs and ham when we've got bags of Ticklers jam? ♪ 248 00:14:46,969 --> 00:14:50,644 Then it would be parade time, then the sergeant would take over 249 00:14:50,723 --> 00:14:53,727 and you would have a whole morning of marching. 250 00:14:53,810 --> 00:14:55,938 And you would learn all commands, 251 00:14:56,020 --> 00:14:59,069 such as "About turn," and all that sort of thing.' 252 00:14:59,899 --> 00:15:03,153 'Having been in the Boy Scouts, it was dead easy to me.' 253 00:15:03,236 --> 00:15:08,618 'When you get the order, "Right dress!" you turn your head only to the right.' 254 00:15:08,699 --> 00:15:13,796 'Some of them managed to turn left, which didn't please the drill sergeant.' 255 00:15:13,871 --> 00:15:18,502 'We were all youngsters. We'd come from fairly sheltered lives and so forth. 256 00:15:18,584 --> 00:15:23,055 This sergeant of ours was the loudmouth shouting-type.' 257 00:15:23,131 --> 00:15:27,807 'Corning up against military discipline was a shock, 258 00:15:27,885 --> 00:15:32,356 being chased around from pillar to post by disciplinarian NCOs.' 259 00:15:32,432 --> 00:15:34,651 'Some of the sergeants were shockers. 260 00:15:34,725 --> 00:15:38,195 They would cause a lot of trouble if you were out of step, 261 00:15:38,271 --> 00:15:42,617 or if you didn't keep time, or if you didn't handle your rifle properly. 262 00:15:42,692 --> 00:15:44,660 They were always having a go at you.' 263 00:15:44,735 --> 00:15:47,659 'Most of them were all right, their shouting meant nothing, 264 00:15:47,738 --> 00:15:49,411 but some of them never lost it.' 265 00:15:49,490 --> 00:15:54,371 'One night I'd gone to bed and this pot was brought round to my bed 266 00:15:54,454 --> 00:15:57,333 and they said, "Oh, you want to do a piss," 267 00:15:57,415 --> 00:15:59,793 so I did the business in the pot. 268 00:15:59,876 --> 00:16:05,383 They'd rested this big, huge pot which contained gallons on the door 269 00:16:05,465 --> 00:16:10,221 and when this sergeant came along to see that everybody was in bed, 270 00:16:10,303 --> 00:16:14,558 this thing turned up and he was drenched from top to bottom in fluid. 271 00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:15,892 (LAUGHSY 272 00:16:16,809 --> 00:16:20,109 'First of all, I was full of enthusiasm 273 00:16:20,188 --> 00:16:23,158 but, after about the first week, I wished I hadn't done it 274 00:16:23,232 --> 00:16:27,829 because the discipline was so strict and I was beginning to get a bit nervous 275 00:16:27,904 --> 00:16:29,827 as to what was in store.' 276 00:16:29,906 --> 00:16:32,204 'We weren't out dancing, anything like that. 277 00:16:32,283 --> 00:16:33,956 We were getting ready for a war.' 278 00:16:34,035 --> 00:16:38,040 'The thing was you were in the army, you had to do as you were told, 279 00:16:38,122 --> 00:16:40,750 you had one master, or dozens, 280 00:16:40,833 --> 00:16:43,632 but you just had to get on with it and that was it.' 281 00:16:43,711 --> 00:16:46,555 'I did find that right through the army. 282 00:16:46,631 --> 00:16:49,350 If you behaved yourself, you'd nothing much to fear.' 283 00:16:49,425 --> 00:16:52,395 'This was quite a new world to us, I mean, you can imagine, 284 00:16:52,470 --> 00:16:54,939 I came out of civilian life like all the others did 285 00:16:55,014 --> 00:16:58,018 and we weren't in a position to argue or object. 286 00:16:58,100 --> 00:17:00,899 It was just a matter of doing what we were told.' 287 00:17:00,978 --> 00:17:04,323 'I liked it. I liked to be told what I had to do, 288 00:17:04,398 --> 00:17:06,821 because there was a reason for doing it. 289 00:17:06,901 --> 00:17:11,077 Later on, I realised that was the best training you could have.' 290 00:17:11,155 --> 00:17:15,035 'The first week, our route march would be ten miles. 291 00:17:15,117 --> 00:17:18,121 The second week, it would be 12, and so on and so on. 292 00:17:18,204 --> 00:17:22,129 It intensified because it's of the utmost importance 293 00:17:22,208 --> 00:17:25,929 that the infantry soldier could march with the full kit.' 294 00:17:26,003 --> 00:17:28,882 'What you had to carry was 109 pounds.' 295 00:17:28,965 --> 00:17:31,593 'Marching was easy for me, 296 00:17:31,676 --> 00:17:36,227 but quite a lot of chaps who were in sedentary jobs found it pretty hard.' 297 00:17:36,305 --> 00:17:41,812 'It numbed and cramped the muscles on my thighs and calves 298 00:17:41,894 --> 00:17:44,192 until they hurt very much indeed.' 299 00:17:45,231 --> 00:17:48,201 'Oh, those army boots! I could've cried. 300 00:17:48,276 --> 00:17:53,328 My feet and ankles with those heavy army boots, after civilian shoes...' 301 00:17:53,406 --> 00:17:56,250 'So, to get your boots made pliable, 302 00:17:56,325 --> 00:17:59,955 you used to urinate in them and leave it overnight.' 303 00:18:00,037 --> 00:18:04,918 'Quite a lot of men were clerks or they worked in shops 304 00:18:05,001 --> 00:18:08,722 and the very nature of their calling didn't make for fitness.' 305 00:18:09,630 --> 00:18:13,931 'Well, they sent me to hospital and they gave me the cure for hookworm 306 00:18:14,010 --> 00:18:17,514 and I found that I could stand the drill after that.' 307 00:18:17,597 --> 00:18:20,521 'They used to march us all round the West End. 308 00:18:20,600 --> 00:18:22,568 Crowds used to foregather. 309 00:18:22,643 --> 00:18:26,568 And some of the poor, deluded ones fell for the con trick 310 00:18:26,647 --> 00:18:29,696 and lined up behind us and we used to march 'em all 311 00:18:29,775 --> 00:18:32,278 down to Chelsea Barracks where they got signed up.' 312 00:18:34,697 --> 00:18:37,871 'Lunch would consist of inevitable stew. 313 00:18:37,950 --> 00:18:40,044 Now, we must remember that 314 00:18:40,119 --> 00:18:43,999 the chaps in the cookhouse were by no means experienced cooks, 315 00:18:44,081 --> 00:18:46,925 but anybody can make a stew and that's what they did.' 316 00:18:47,001 --> 00:18:51,347 'Sometimes, we got a bit of plum duff and milk puddings and tapioca rice. 317 00:18:51,422 --> 00:18:56,019 It was good, old-fashioned, plain stuff that I was brought up on. 318 00:18:56,093 --> 00:18:58,812 I had no complaint about it.' 319 00:18:58,888 --> 00:19:03,894 'In the afternoon, it could be a lecture on Vickers machine guns.' 320 00:19:03,976 --> 00:19:08,732 'You used to strip the machine gun right down and put it together again 321 00:19:08,814 --> 00:19:12,409 and, luckily, I seemed to cotton onto that quite quickly.' 322 00:19:12,485 --> 00:19:15,910 'We were always told that man's best friend is his rifle 323 00:19:15,988 --> 00:19:17,661 and it was.' 324 00:19:17,740 --> 00:19:20,334 'Our rifle was a short Lee-Enfield. 325 00:19:20,409 --> 00:19:23,913 A very good rifle indeed. A real sturdy rifle. 326 00:19:23,996 --> 00:19:28,001 You had your ammunition pouches on both sides of the chest 327 00:19:28,084 --> 00:19:30,382 to counterbalance the weight of the pack 328 00:19:30,461 --> 00:19:35,262 and those pouches carried 150 rounds of .303 ammunition.' 329 00:19:35,341 --> 00:19:38,265 'We were supposed to hold a rifle with one hand, 330 00:19:38,344 --> 00:19:42,770 but I could never hold a rifle properly. my right wrist wouldn't hold it up.' 331 00:19:42,848 --> 00:19:46,148 'I'd never fired a rifle in my life but, on the first day, 332 00:19:46,227 --> 00:19:50,198 we went onto the rifle range and it was amazing, the bull's-eyes I was getting. 333 00:19:50,272 --> 00:19:54,027 So, the next thing, I was made a first-class rifleman.' 334 00:19:54,110 --> 00:19:56,454 'Above all, we learned rapid fire. 335 00:19:56,529 --> 00:20:00,204 Ten rounds, get those ten rounds onto the target in one minute. 336 00:20:00,282 --> 00:20:02,376 It was known as "the mad minute".' 337 00:20:02,451 --> 00:20:05,830 'I'd never seen a dead man, or anything of that kind 338 00:20:05,913 --> 00:20:08,587 and I wondered, if it came to my shooting a man, 339 00:20:08,666 --> 00:20:10,760 whether I would be able to do this.' 340 00:20:10,835 --> 00:20:13,714 'You'd plunge the bayonet into the sack, shout like hell.' 341 00:20:13,796 --> 00:20:16,049 'They would tell you where to put your bayonet. 342 00:20:16,132 --> 00:20:18,601 Either into his left shoulder, his right shoulder, 343 00:20:18,676 --> 00:20:21,020 in the chest, or in the body.' 344 00:20:21,095 --> 00:20:23,223 'We were told to make as much noise as we could. 345 00:20:23,305 --> 00:20:25,433 I think that was to frighten the enemy. 346 00:20:25,516 --> 00:20:28,235 Didn't seem a likely thing to do, but we used to shout.' 347 00:20:28,310 --> 00:20:31,860 'When you've trained as a division, there's 12 battalions, 348 00:20:31,939 --> 00:20:34,783 that's roughly 12,000 men who are on the move 349 00:20:34,859 --> 00:20:38,284 and you're a very small cog in a big wheel.' 350 00:20:39,280 --> 00:20:41,374 'Saturday mornings we were let off, 351 00:20:41,449 --> 00:20:43,793 but we had to do sometimes barrack duties. 352 00:20:43,868 --> 00:20:46,417 Then, on Sundays, we were all marched down to church. 353 00:20:46,495 --> 00:20:51,296 It didn't matter what religion you were, you all had to go and that was it.' 354 00:20:51,375 --> 00:20:55,050 'Hardly a day passed without the shout around the barrack room, 355 00:20:55,129 --> 00:20:57,723 "Has anybody here had any experiences with horses?" 356 00:20:57,798 --> 00:21:00,517 "Can anybody here play any musical instruments?" 357 00:21:00,593 --> 00:21:03,016 "Anybody had any experience at so-and-so...?" 358 00:21:03,095 --> 00:21:07,475 So, gradually, the 1,000 men who joined up as a motley throng, 359 00:21:07,558 --> 00:21:13,190 now became a transport man, a bandsman, signalman, and so on.' 360 00:21:13,272 --> 00:21:15,695 'You didn't wanna mess about at the parade ground 361 00:21:15,775 --> 00:21:17,869 with heavy packs on the route marches. 362 00:21:17,943 --> 00:21:21,914 Most of us wanted to go across and do some scrapping.' 363 00:21:21,989 --> 00:21:24,788 'After good food, fresh air and physical exercise, 364 00:21:24,867 --> 00:21:28,337 they'd changed so that their mothers wouldn't have recognised them. 365 00:21:28,412 --> 00:21:32,007 They'd put on an average of one stone in weight and one inch in height.' 366 00:21:32,082 --> 00:21:35,632 'Although we hated the sight and sound of our disciplinary sergeants, 367 00:21:35,711 --> 00:21:40,012 this reflects greatly to their credit because they knocked us into shape 368 00:21:40,090 --> 00:21:42,218 as regards to marching and foot drills.' 369 00:21:42,301 --> 00:21:43,974 'But, far more than that, 370 00:21:44,053 --> 00:21:48,729 they were handsome, ruddy, upstanding, square-shouldered young men 371 00:21:48,808 --> 00:21:52,278 who were afraid of nobody, not even the sergeant major.' 372 00:21:52,353 --> 00:21:56,654 'After six weeks, we were informed we were gonna be posted overseas.' 373 00:21:56,732 --> 00:22:00,578 'They said, "You're leaving tomorrow morning for an unknown destination."' 374 00:22:00,653 --> 00:22:03,497 'You were never told where you were heading for.' 375 00:22:03,572 --> 00:22:06,951 'I just wanted to fight the Germans and, as far as that was concerned, 376 00:22:07,034 --> 00:22:09,628 it didn't matter tuppence to me where we went.' 377 00:22:09,703 --> 00:22:11,376 'And when we pushed them through 378 00:22:11,455 --> 00:22:14,755 this crash programme of military training, 379 00:22:14,834 --> 00:22:16,962 they were pushed off to France in batches.' 380 00:22:17,044 --> 00:22:18,796 'Before we left, the officer said, 381 00:22:18,879 --> 00:22:21,348 "Well, you haven't had time to be made sergeants, 382 00:22:21,423 --> 00:22:23,346 so we'll give you a couple of stripes." 383 00:22:23,425 --> 00:22:26,725 So they made us corporals and, in less than no time, 384 00:22:26,804 --> 00:22:29,023 we were marched down to the station.' 385 00:22:29,098 --> 00:22:32,978 'In my mind, I wondered, "Shall I ever come back?" 386 00:22:33,060 --> 00:22:35,154 I didn't think I would at the time. 387 00:22:35,229 --> 00:22:37,652 I didn't worry about it.' 388 00:22:37,731 --> 00:22:39,859 'Oh, they were all full of euphoria. 389 00:22:39,942 --> 00:22:42,741 They were all glad they were going. Nobody was crying.' 390 00:22:42,820 --> 00:22:46,700 'I wrote a postcard when I was in the train and chucked it out the window, 391 00:22:46,782 --> 00:22:49,251 hoping that it would be delivered to my family.' 392 00:22:49,326 --> 00:22:51,954 'We arrived at Folkestone in the evening. 393 00:22:52,037 --> 00:22:55,291 We embarked on one of the old Thames pleasure boats.' 394 00:22:55,374 --> 00:22:57,047 'Well, pretty crowded. 395 00:22:57,126 --> 00:23:01,973 Well, of course, it's only 21 miles from Dover to Calais on the boat.' 396 00:23:02,047 --> 00:23:04,425 'There were talks by officers to us 397 00:23:04,508 --> 00:23:06,727 as to how to behave ourselves on foreign soil 398 00:23:06,802 --> 00:23:10,932 and that we'd got to respect other people's modes of conduct.' 399 00:23:11,015 --> 00:23:14,736 'The biggest number of casualties were NCOs 400 00:23:14,810 --> 00:23:17,233 and we weren't all too keen about this. 401 00:23:17,313 --> 00:23:21,068 So I went into the lavatory and my stripes came off 402 00:23:21,150 --> 00:23:23,403 and they disappeared through the porthole. 403 00:23:23,485 --> 00:23:26,989 And with that, I went back on deck as a private.' 404 00:23:30,075 --> 00:23:33,329 'As our horses were brought down the gangways, 405 00:23:33,412 --> 00:23:35,710 I noticed the expression on the men's faces. 406 00:23:35,789 --> 00:23:39,839 There were no cheerful, smiling faces coming down that gangway at all.' 407 00:23:42,421 --> 00:23:44,719 'It was beautiful weather. Very warm. 408 00:23:44,798 --> 00:23:48,268 Every village and town we went through, people rushed out, 409 00:23:48,344 --> 00:23:51,188 bottles of wine, yards of French bread, flowers...' 410 00:23:52,056 --> 00:23:54,479 'The land flowed in every single aspect. 411 00:23:54,558 --> 00:23:58,859 There were farmers going about their business, the most lovely country.' 412 00:24:00,314 --> 00:24:03,443 'If we were passing a field of carrots, we used to raid the field 413 00:24:03,525 --> 00:24:06,074 and walk along munching the carrots and turnips.' 414 00:24:10,699 --> 00:24:14,545 'I was dead scared that the war would be over before I got out to it. 415 00:24:14,620 --> 00:24:17,749 When I got out to France, I was terribly pleased. 416 00:24:17,831 --> 00:24:19,925 Really keen.' 417 00:24:21,210 --> 00:24:25,340 'You just marched and marched until roughly 20 miles from the trenches.' 418 00:24:25,422 --> 00:24:27,925 'We knew we were getting close to the line, 419 00:24:28,008 --> 00:24:31,387 because the gunfire was becoming more noisy.' 420 00:24:31,470 --> 00:24:33,814 'I remember the first shell, I was delighted.' 421 00:24:36,517 --> 00:24:40,272 'We went through towns, villages, that were absolutely derelict, 422 00:24:40,354 --> 00:24:44,029 so we never knew where we were, except that we were in Belgium.' 423 00:24:46,193 --> 00:24:49,663 'The devastation was something I never could have imagined. 424 00:24:49,738 --> 00:24:53,117 The whole place gave one a most eerie sensation.' 425 00:24:56,578 --> 00:24:59,923 'There were stunted trees torn to shreds with shellfire 426 00:24:59,999 --> 00:25:02,343 and there were shell holes all over the place.' 427 00:25:04,169 --> 00:25:06,968 'We were relieving men of the 28th Division 428 00:25:07,047 --> 00:25:10,551 and, as they passed us, we would say, "What's it like up there?" 429 00:25:10,634 --> 00:25:13,979 The reply invariably came back, "Bloody awful, mate."' 430 00:25:14,054 --> 00:25:17,228 'The old sweats coming back had got their tails up all right, 431 00:25:17,307 --> 00:25:20,106 but I didn't know what to expect, just hadn't a clue.' 432 00:25:21,270 --> 00:25:22,943 'It was deadly warfare. 433 00:25:23,022 --> 00:25:24,774 You were facing the Germans.' 434 00:25:26,567 --> 00:25:28,661 (DISTANT GUNFIRE) 435 00:25:28,736 --> 00:25:30,830 Follow me! 436 00:25:33,032 --> 00:25:34,705 'You got the order: load. 437 00:25:34,783 --> 00:25:38,378 You put nine in your magazine and one up the spout 438 00:25:38,454 --> 00:25:40,127 and you put your safety catch on 439 00:25:40,205 --> 00:25:44,756 and you always went into the line prepared to use your rifle immediately.' 440 00:25:44,835 --> 00:25:47,805 'That's when you got rigid orders. 441 00:25:47,880 --> 00:25:50,633 "No talking whatsoever! Keep your head down! 442 00:25:50,716 --> 00:25:53,219 Single file! No smoking!" 443 00:25:53,302 --> 00:25:56,431 The captain would then direct you right to the front trenches.' 444 00:25:57,723 --> 00:25:59,396 (INDISTINCT CHATTER) 445 00:25:59,475 --> 00:26:01,193 'When a man goes into the trenches, 446 00:26:01,268 --> 00:26:05,148 he usually carries a roll of barbed wire or bag of bombs, 447 00:26:05,230 --> 00:26:06,903 beside his own equipment. 448 00:26:06,982 --> 00:26:09,826 That's the way they get the stuff up to the front line.' 449 00:26:09,902 --> 00:26:12,246 'Now a guide would always be sent out.' 450 00:26:12,321 --> 00:26:14,619 Extend this part of the trench over there. 451 00:26:14,698 --> 00:26:16,371 - What, that way? - That's it. 452 00:26:16,450 --> 00:26:18,544 'The trenches in France were a maze. 453 00:26:18,619 --> 00:26:21,042 If you didn't have a guide, you could soon get lost.' 454 00:26:21,121 --> 00:26:23,590 Smile so your mother thinks I'm looking after you. 455 00:26:25,709 --> 00:26:28,258 Now up you go. Double up! Double up! 456 00:26:32,382 --> 00:26:35,056 'The trenches weren't in one straight line. 457 00:26:35,135 --> 00:26:38,139 They were built on what they call the traverse system. 458 00:26:38,222 --> 00:26:41,271 The traverse would break up the shellfire 459 00:26:41,350 --> 00:26:44,149 and stop it spreading right along the trench.' 460 00:26:44,228 --> 00:26:46,230 'There was a front line of trenches, 461 00:26:46,313 --> 00:26:48,611 and then there was a second line of trenches.' 462 00:26:48,690 --> 00:26:52,570 'The support line would be about 50 yards or more behind the front line. 463 00:26:52,653 --> 00:26:55,702 In between, there would be communication trenches 464 00:26:55,781 --> 00:26:59,706 so that they could move through if the front line was under jeopardy.' 465 00:27:00,744 --> 00:27:03,122 'The first impression I got of the trenches was 466 00:27:03,205 --> 00:27:05,299 they were very much lived in.' 467 00:27:05,374 --> 00:27:07,468 'We had to take 'em as we found 'em.' 468 00:27:07,543 --> 00:27:10,888 'You would see an overcoat hanging from a wooden peg. 469 00:27:10,963 --> 00:27:14,558 You would see a mess tin with some tea in it. 470 00:27:14,633 --> 00:27:17,807 A dugout which had a piece of blanket in it. 471 00:27:17,886 --> 00:27:19,980 A bed made of sandbags.' 472 00:27:20,055 --> 00:27:24,982 'Our world was divided by no-man's-land, a sort of iron curtain 473 00:27:25,060 --> 00:27:28,564 beyond which were bogeymen who would kill you if they ever saw you.' 474 00:27:28,647 --> 00:27:30,615 'As you looked through your periscope 475 00:27:30,691 --> 00:27:33,240 all you could see were hundreds of shell holes, 476 00:27:33,318 --> 00:27:36,868 your barbed wire and the German barbed wire.' 477 00:27:36,947 --> 00:27:39,826 'You could see dead bodies hanging on the barbed wire 478 00:27:39,908 --> 00:27:42,457 and they may have been there for a long, long time.' 479 00:27:42,536 --> 00:27:46,040 'It was one of the most desolate-looking places in the world. 480 00:27:46,123 --> 00:27:48,217 You never saw a sign of life 481 00:27:48,292 --> 00:27:51,842 and yet you knew very well that, within shouting range, 482 00:27:51,920 --> 00:27:54,218 there were hundreds and hundreds of men.' 483 00:27:55,007 --> 00:27:58,887 'A platoon of about 50 men would have about 100 yards of frontline trenches, 484 00:27:58,969 --> 00:28:01,267 their responsibility. 485 00:28:01,346 --> 00:28:05,772 There were signs all over the trenches: Piccadilly Circus and Regent Street, 486 00:28:05,851 --> 00:28:09,230 and all that sort of thing, telling you where the water points were, 487 00:28:09,313 --> 00:28:12,783 and which was the most dangerous part of land with regard to snipers.' 488 00:28:12,858 --> 00:28:14,986 'You had to be extremely careful because 489 00:28:15,068 --> 00:28:18,493 a bullet would go through one layer of sandbags quite easily.' 490 00:28:18,572 --> 00:28:21,325 'I was talking to a bloke one clay and plop! 491 00:28:21,408 --> 00:28:23,502 His head was smashed in like an egg. 492 00:28:23,577 --> 00:28:27,673 He just happened to be in a place where a sniper could get an aim on him.' 493 00:28:27,748 --> 00:28:30,672 'We used to do a four-day stint in the line. 494 00:28:30,751 --> 00:28:35,052 We took with us sufficient food to last the four days.' 495 00:28:35,130 --> 00:28:37,349 - Got any grog? - See you later on. 496 00:28:37,424 --> 00:28:39,518 My best to Jerry. 497 00:28:39,593 --> 00:28:42,813 - Mind yourselves. That's it. -'Your day would start before dawn, 498 00:28:42,888 --> 00:28:47,815 when NCOs would go round this 100 yards to make sure everybody was alive.' 499 00:28:47,893 --> 00:28:51,147 'Of a day in the trenches, you had two hours on, four off.' 500 00:28:51,230 --> 00:28:55,906 'A third of the people on sentry duty, a third working and a third sleeping.' 501 00:28:55,984 --> 00:28:58,362 - Wake y-wake y! -'We just slept where we were. 502 00:28:58,445 --> 00:29:00,618 No beds, just flopped down on the ground.' 503 00:29:00,697 --> 00:29:02,791 You're in the pictures, mate. 504 00:29:02,866 --> 00:29:05,995 'The trench was very wet and, wherever possible, 505 00:29:06,078 --> 00:29:08,251 we would try and get above the water.' 506 00:29:08,330 --> 00:29:10,753 'We were able to dig out a side of the trench 507 00:29:10,832 --> 00:29:15,679 and that was when we used to steal our sleep on the two-on four-off stretch.' 508 00:29:15,754 --> 00:29:20,260 'Then you'd have your couple of hours on the parapet and then rest again.' 509 00:29:20,342 --> 00:29:23,596 'If nothing untoward happened, there would be perhaps 510 00:29:23,679 --> 00:29:27,149 two or three sentry groups in the whole company's front.' 511 00:29:32,187 --> 00:29:34,485 (EXPLOSIONS, SHELLS FIZZING) 512 00:29:39,027 --> 00:29:42,873 'It was a job to keep awake and woe betide you if you were caught asleep.' 513 00:29:43,824 --> 00:29:46,703 'If you are so tired, you can sleep standing up, 514 00:29:46,785 --> 00:29:48,458 which I've done many times.' 515 00:29:49,579 --> 00:29:54,836 'The first thing you did when you got into the line was to have a brew up.' 516 00:29:54,918 --> 00:29:57,296 'There was one thing about the Vickers gun, 517 00:29:57,379 --> 00:29:59,677 it being a water-cooled weapon, 518 00:29:59,756 --> 00:30:03,260 if you were continuously firing, you'd find that the water'd be boiling. 519 00:30:03,343 --> 00:30:05,937 You could disconnect the tube and make a cup of tea.' 520 00:30:06,013 --> 00:30:08,766 'The water came up in two-gallon petrol cans.' 521 00:30:08,849 --> 00:30:10,897 'And we could taste the petrol in it, 522 00:30:10,976 --> 00:30:13,570 cos they couldn't wash it completely out.' 523 00:30:13,645 --> 00:30:15,522 (CHUCKLES NERVOUSLY) 524 00:30:16,606 --> 00:30:19,655 -'In every bay was a little fireplace.' - Let's get this lit. 525 00:30:19,735 --> 00:30:23,365 'You used tiny slivers of wood because, if you made smoke in the front line, 526 00:30:23,447 --> 00:30:25,541 -over would come a shell.' - I fancy a brew. 527 00:30:25,615 --> 00:30:28,459 'You'd save a drop of that tea to shave with.' 528 00:30:28,535 --> 00:30:31,129 'Because we had to shave in the front line.' 529 00:30:31,204 --> 00:30:34,879 'We used to put a lot of tins out on the parapet if it rained. 530 00:30:34,958 --> 00:30:37,461 You 68TH“ touch any of the other water.' 531 00:30:37,544 --> 00:30:40,013 'We were scooping water off shell holes. 532 00:30:40,088 --> 00:30:42,432 There might have been dead bodies underneath. 533 00:30:42,507 --> 00:30:46,512 As long as we boiled it for a long time, all the green stuff'd come off the top.' 534 00:30:46,595 --> 00:30:49,189 - Nice and gentle. -'Anyway, we made tea with it.' 535 00:30:49,264 --> 00:30:51,562 'That's how I got my dose of dysentery.' 536 00:30:51,641 --> 00:30:55,066 'Of course, there were no sanitary arrangements. 537 00:30:55,145 --> 00:30:57,318 They'd dig a trench and stick a pole across. 538 00:30:57,397 --> 00:31:00,321 You'd get about seven or eight chaps on the pole.' 539 00:31:00,400 --> 00:31:03,028 'God! To have a clear out was terrible. 540 00:31:03,111 --> 00:31:06,661 People used to go to the toilet with no privacy.' 541 00:31:06,740 --> 00:31:11,416 'Being rather a shy nature, if I pissed with somebody, I felt a bit nervous 542 00:31:11,495 --> 00:31:15,090 but, when you're in the army, you got quite used to it.' 543 00:31:15,165 --> 00:31:18,715 'It didn't matter a damn, cos there's no women or anything like that.' 544 00:31:18,794 --> 00:31:22,765 'The flies used to crawl all over your bottom. Most unpleasant.' 545 00:31:22,839 --> 00:31:24,807 'We had no such thing as toilet rolls.' 546 00:31:24,883 --> 00:31:27,056 'You had to wipe your behind with your hand.' 547 00:31:27,135 --> 00:31:30,435 'Your hands might have been in all sorts, but you never washed.' 548 00:31:30,514 --> 00:31:33,142 -'Well, you heard a terrific shout...' -(SNAPPING) 549 00:31:33,225 --> 00:31:35,944 -(GRUNTS) Christ! -'..and the pole had snapped 550 00:31:36,019 --> 00:31:39,489 and the four men who were sitting on the bar fell down in the muck.' 551 00:31:39,564 --> 00:31:42,738 'There was always a humorous side of the war. 552 00:31:42,818 --> 00:31:44,491 (CHUCKLES)' 553 00:31:44,569 --> 00:31:47,493 'We had to put rifles down for them to hang onto 554 00:31:47,572 --> 00:31:51,998 and they came out like slimy rabbits and nobody wanted to go near 'em.' 555 00:31:52,077 --> 00:31:54,171 (CHUCKLES) 556 00:31:54,246 --> 00:31:56,374 'We had no spare clothes at all 557 00:31:56,456 --> 00:32:00,177 and you were living for weeks without washing or getting a bath.' 558 00:32:00,252 --> 00:32:04,132 'And I personally became really badly infested 559 00:32:04,214 --> 00:32:07,218 and "chatty" as we used to call it, with these lice.' 560 00:32:07,300 --> 00:32:09,928 'Oh, lice was a dreadful problem.' 561 00:32:10,011 --> 00:32:13,515 'They were funny little things, like little lobster sort of things 562 00:32:13,598 --> 00:32:16,602 with six legs and they used to feed ten times a day.' 563 00:32:16,685 --> 00:32:20,440 'You had to kill the bloody things. My favourite way was burning them.' 564 00:32:20,522 --> 00:32:23,571 'You would run the seams over a lighted candle 565 00:32:23,650 --> 00:32:27,405 and you could hear the eggs going pop-pop-pop-pop-pop-pop-pop!' 566 00:32:27,487 --> 00:32:29,660 'The sooner you got your shirt back again, 567 00:32:29,739 --> 00:32:32,538 the heat of the body hatched the eggs that you'd missed.' 568 00:32:33,618 --> 00:32:35,837 'We were just as lousy next day.' 569 00:32:37,289 --> 00:32:39,007 (LAUGHTER) 570 00:32:39,082 --> 00:32:42,177 -'Each man prepared his own breakfast.' - Cheerio. 571 00:32:42,252 --> 00:32:46,632 'Bread and jam. It was about 16 men to a loaf of bread.' 572 00:32:46,715 --> 00:32:47,967 Eh? 573 00:32:48,049 --> 00:32:52,680 'There'd be a little of bacon, which would suffice for half a dozen men.' 574 00:32:52,762 --> 00:32:55,686 'You put your rasher of bacon in your mess tin lid, 575 00:32:55,765 --> 00:32:59,486 put a few more sticks on your fire and you would fry your bacon... 576 00:33:00,520 --> 00:33:03,399 ...and then soak up the fat with a piece of biscuit. 577 00:33:03,482 --> 00:33:05,359 Then there you are with a breakfast.' 578 00:33:05,442 --> 00:33:08,412 'Dinnertime was mostly bully beef cut up and stewed 579 00:33:08,487 --> 00:33:11,366 along with all sorts of vegetables from tins.' 580 00:33:11,448 --> 00:33:14,452 'Mag0n0ghie's tinned stew was mixed up with the bully beef.' 581 00:33:14,534 --> 00:33:16,878 'I've got into French dugouts 582 00:33:16,912 --> 00:33:20,758 and eaten biscuits which have been left by the troops two years' previously 583 00:33:20,874 --> 00:33:24,720 and tasted the green mould in them, but they didn't do me any harm.' 584 00:33:24,794 --> 00:33:28,389 'This was how it was and anything's good, you know, when you're hungry.' 585 00:33:28,423 --> 00:33:32,894 -'And people were always hungry.' -(LAUGHS) 586 00:33:32,969 --> 00:33:35,722 'At any given moment, you can expect to be shelled. 587 00:33:36,806 --> 00:33:39,229 You got very little protection against that.' 588 00:33:39,309 --> 00:33:43,439 'One would hear a mild pop as the gun fired five miles away...' 589 00:33:43,563 --> 00:33:45,611 - Sir, here. - Very good. 590 00:33:45,732 --> 00:33:48,485 '..and in the five or six seconds it took for them to come, 591 00:33:48,568 --> 00:33:51,663 you can pass through quite a number of psychological changes.' 592 00:33:55,825 --> 00:33:57,498 Steady! 593 00:33:57,577 --> 00:34:00,456 'I can't remember anything more nerve-wracking 594 00:34:00,580 --> 00:34:04,084 than the continuous shelling, without stop, day and night.' 595 00:34:04,125 --> 00:34:07,595 'Well, we were always told that you never heard the shell that hit you 596 00:34:07,629 --> 00:34:10,633 because most of them travelled faster than sound.' 597 00:34:10,757 --> 00:34:14,352 'You could literally feel your heart pounding against the ground. 598 00:34:14,427 --> 00:34:17,601 The emotional strain was absolutely terrific.' 599 00:34:17,639 --> 00:34:19,937 'Although a shell might burst 50 yards away, 600 00:34:19,975 --> 00:34:24,481 you might find a fragment of jagged iron really red hot and weighing half a pound 601 00:34:24,604 --> 00:34:26,652 arriving in your trench.' 602 00:34:26,773 --> 00:34:29,322 'I mean, you'd seen people blown to little bits. 603 00:34:29,442 --> 00:34:31,615 I've actually had to put a man in a sandbag.' 604 00:34:31,695 --> 00:34:33,948 'Every now and again, there would be a great roar 605 00:34:33,989 --> 00:34:36,993 -like an aeroplane coming in to land.' -(BOOMING) 606 00:34:37,117 --> 00:34:39,996 'And, in a fifth-of-a-second, your resolution would break 607 00:34:40,120 --> 00:34:43,795 and you'd throw yourself into the mud and the other ones laugh at you.' 608 00:34:43,873 --> 00:34:46,296 'The shrapnel shell would burst in the air 609 00:34:46,334 --> 00:34:48,462 and spray bullets on the troops below... 610 00:34:49,879 --> 00:34:51,631 ...as if they're from a shotgun.' 611 00:34:54,050 --> 00:34:57,145 'The bullets came down, whistling like all the hobs of hell.' 612 00:35:00,682 --> 00:35:02,559 'Another one of the annoyances we had 613 00:35:02,642 --> 00:35:05,486 was that the Germans were very active with mining. 614 00:35:07,564 --> 00:35:11,319 We crouched down underneath the front parapet to dodge the debris falling 615 00:35:11,401 --> 00:35:13,495 and I got the men to open up rapid fire 616 00:35:13,528 --> 00:35:17,408 to prevent the Germans from getting into that crater where they could bomb us.' 617 00:35:18,575 --> 00:35:21,374 'As the front line gets damaged, it's got to be repaired. 618 00:35:21,494 --> 00:35:25,874 Well, the people who were in the line, they've got to get on with it.' 619 00:35:25,999 --> 00:35:30,846 'I had in my mind that we expected big gunfire to light amongst all us cavalry 620 00:35:30,879 --> 00:35:33,849 and absolutely swipe us off the face of the earth.' 621 00:35:36,551 --> 00:35:38,349 'I shouted, "Gallop!" like that!' 622 00:35:38,386 --> 00:35:40,730 'And they dropped 'em all amongst the horses. 623 00:35:42,015 --> 00:35:43,733 Ooh, a heck of a mess. 624 00:35:43,850 --> 00:35:46,945 The horses were laying down with their intestines hanging out 625 00:35:47,020 --> 00:35:49,273 and men with matter hanging out their heads.' 626 00:35:49,356 --> 00:35:52,860 - Regroup! -'The boys, they said, "Bloody Germans!" 627 00:35:52,901 --> 00:35:55,529 To lose a horse was like losing a friend.' 628 00:35:55,612 --> 00:35:58,240 - Ready! -'The brigadier turned to our captain. 629 00:35:58,365 --> 00:36:00,914 He said, "See that the boy has two or three days' rest. 630 00:36:01,034 --> 00:36:04,789 When a boy likes an animal like that, there's not a lot wrong with him."' 631 00:36:04,871 --> 00:36:07,545 'Over the whole of the front line, there was a smell. 632 00:36:07,624 --> 00:36:09,718 It wasn't a complicated smell. 633 00:36:09,793 --> 00:36:12,467 It was the smell of decaying corpses.' 634 00:36:12,545 --> 00:36:16,425 'Nasty, sickly smell. You never forgot that smell.' 635 00:36:19,302 --> 00:36:23,307 'It was the smell of death. If you've ever smelt a dead mouse, 636 00:36:23,390 --> 00:36:26,940 it was like that, but hundreds and hundreds of times worse.' 637 00:36:29,104 --> 00:36:30,777 'It seemed to cling to everything. 638 00:36:30,897 --> 00:36:33,650 When you were having your food, you could taste it.' 639 00:36:33,733 --> 00:36:38,739 'The awful stench and bits of human bodies lying about, 640 00:36:38,780 --> 00:36:41,283 it became an everyday thing. 641 00:36:41,408 --> 00:36:45,083 You thought, "Well, it'll be your turn next. What does it matter?"' 642 00:36:45,912 --> 00:36:46,913 (FLIES BUZZING) 643 00:36:46,996 --> 00:36:50,045 'Wherever there was a grave or a body, there were rats.' 644 00:36:50,083 --> 00:36:52,757 -(SQUEAKING) -'They were all big, fat ones 645 00:36:52,794 --> 00:36:54,967 and we knew where they got their fat from.' 646 00:36:55,088 --> 00:37:00,470 'Unpleasant animals, because of the filtration into the graves.' 647 00:37:00,593 --> 00:37:03,597 'They used to feed on the dead and come in the dugouts, 648 00:37:03,638 --> 00:37:05,515 pick up scraps in there.' 649 00:37:05,598 --> 00:37:09,694 'I woke up at the bottom of the trench and felt something warm on my face 650 00:37:09,769 --> 00:37:12,648 and a little heart went bang-bang-bang-bang-bang. 651 00:37:12,772 --> 00:37:16,276 The devil scratched my face with the claws of his hind feet as he took off.' 652 00:37:16,317 --> 00:37:20,618 'We'd try and shoot them, hit them, kill them, chase them, do anything.' 653 00:37:20,655 --> 00:37:23,204 -(GUNSHOTS) -'Then you've got gas.' 654 00:37:24,200 --> 00:37:26,498 'We saw this green cloud coming toward us, 655 00:37:26,619 --> 00:37:30,044 -just rolling slowly along the ground.' -'They'd shout, "Gas!" 656 00:37:30,123 --> 00:37:34,799 and we had to take our mask out and stick it on in two or three seconds.' 657 00:37:34,836 --> 00:37:39,012 'Yes, it was phosgene gas. Later on, there was mustard gas. 658 00:37:39,132 --> 00:37:41,180 That was very effective. 659 00:37:41,301 --> 00:37:43,349 I never saw a "slightly gassed" man.' 660 00:37:43,470 --> 00:37:46,974 If you couldn't get your gas mask, you were to pee on your handkerchief 661 00:37:47,056 --> 00:37:49,184 and stuff this round your nose and mouth.' 662 00:37:49,309 --> 00:37:53,655 'I don't mind admitting I didn't think much of urinating on handkerchiefs, 663 00:37:53,730 --> 00:37:56,358 so I went into one of the trench latrines 664 00:37:56,483 --> 00:37:58,326 and I stuck my head in the bucket. 665 00:37:58,401 --> 00:38:01,405 I'll tell you, I couldn't hold my breath any more, came up, 666 00:38:01,488 --> 00:38:03,866 took a good breath of air, down again.' 667 00:38:03,990 --> 00:38:07,745 'We were very soon enveloped in this thick, yellow, filthy cloud.' 668 00:38:07,827 --> 00:38:12,003 'The more we tried to get rid of the stinging in our eyes, the worse it got.' 669 00:38:12,081 --> 00:38:14,504 (INDISTINCT SHOUTING) 670 00:38:14,584 --> 00:38:18,509 'I thought deeply of what the effect of blindness was going to be.' 671 00:38:18,546 --> 00:38:22,517 'But the extraction of clotted blood and the injection of saline 672 00:38:22,550 --> 00:38:24,678 could alleviate a lot of the trouble 673 00:38:24,719 --> 00:38:28,064 and, as I was gassed myself, I can speak from experience.' 674 00:38:29,933 --> 00:38:32,732 'In the wintertime, as the weather deteriorated, 675 00:38:32,852 --> 00:38:36,527 so the trenches got more and more sodden with water 676 00:38:36,564 --> 00:38:38,407 until they just became ditches.' 677 00:38:38,525 --> 00:38:42,450 'The water was swirling about our feet and rising higher and higher 678 00:38:42,529 --> 00:38:44,406 until it reached our chests. 679 00:38:44,531 --> 00:38:47,080 Our difficulty was frostbite. 680 00:38:47,200 --> 00:38:49,453 Our gumboots filled with water 681 00:38:49,536 --> 00:38:52,210 and, in the mornings, we could not strip them off, 682 00:38:52,247 --> 00:38:54,375 because they were frozen to our feet.' 683 00:38:54,415 --> 00:38:58,545 'When you're talking about trench feet, you're talking about gangrene. 684 00:38:58,586 --> 00:39:01,965 Send him straight down the line. Hack the legs off.' 685 00:39:03,216 --> 00:39:04,934 Give us a hand with that. 686 00:39:05,051 --> 00:39:07,554 'When the water had soaked into the earth, 687 00:39:07,595 --> 00:39:11,896 the floors of the trenches were just paved with liquid mud 688 00:39:11,933 --> 00:39:14,061 and that became like glue.' 689 00:39:14,102 --> 00:39:17,402 'It was a curious, sucking kind of mud. 690 00:39:17,438 --> 00:39:19,566 Very viscous indeed. 691 00:39:19,607 --> 00:39:22,406 Very tenacious. It stuck to you.' 692 00:39:22,443 --> 00:39:25,993 'If one had to go to the rear for rations, 693 00:39:26,072 --> 00:39:29,918 well, that was just a nightmare journey, slithering about.' 694 00:39:29,993 --> 00:39:33,463 'When it was pouring with rain, and on slippery duckboards, 695 00:39:33,580 --> 00:39:35,924 the language was really edifying. 696 00:39:35,957 --> 00:39:38,676 You heard words that you never dreamed existed.' 697 00:39:38,751 --> 00:39:41,504 'And, if you slipped off the duckboards, you sank into 698 00:39:41,588 --> 00:39:47,015 the mud of decomposed bodies of humans and mules, and that was the end of you.' 699 00:39:47,093 --> 00:39:50,848 'The boy was in the middle of this huge sea of mud, struggling, 700 00:39:50,930 --> 00:39:52,603 and we couldn't do a thing. 701 00:39:52,682 --> 00:39:54,434 There was no hope of getting to him. 702 00:39:54,517 --> 00:39:58,647 The look on the lad's face, and he was only a mere boy, was really pathetic.' 703 00:39:58,771 --> 00:40:02,366 'I've seen men sinking into the mud and dying in the slime. 704 00:40:02,442 --> 00:40:05,446 I think it absolutely finished me off.' 705 00:40:06,529 --> 00:40:10,784 'It was supposed to be quiet, then you might get some drunken German say, 706 00:40:10,825 --> 00:40:13,704 "I'm gonna give 'em hell," open up with all his batteries 707 00:40:13,786 --> 00:40:15,538 and catch hundreds on the wire. 708 00:40:15,622 --> 00:40:17,795 That was what they called "holding a line".' 709 00:40:19,167 --> 00:40:23,172 'We were in conditions that isolated us completely from civilisation. 710 00:40:23,296 --> 00:40:27,017 We got so degenerate, so isolated, living in this mud.' 711 00:40:27,133 --> 00:40:31,183 'And you could sympathise with how a rabbit must feel, 712 00:40:31,304 --> 00:40:34,683 because we were hunted by mankind just the same as a rabbit.' 713 00:40:34,807 --> 00:40:37,401 'You knew your lives were in one an0ther's hands 714 00:40:37,477 --> 00:40:41,983 and it united you closely and you didn't let anything interfere with that.' 715 00:40:42,023 --> 00:40:44,492 'You knew what was going on within your vision. 716 00:40:44,525 --> 00:40:47,199 - Beyond that, you hadn't got a clue.' -(MOUTH ORGANS PLAY) 717 00:40:47,320 --> 00:40:50,699 'You didn't care how the war was going, whether you were winning. 718 00:40:50,823 --> 00:40:52,700 You weren't bothered with that at all.' 719 00:40:52,825 --> 00:40:56,045 'You lived like tramps. You didn't polish any buttons. 720 00:40:56,162 --> 00:40:59,166 You wore any uniform bits that you liked and nobody worried. 721 00:40:59,207 --> 00:41:02,677 All they were concerned with was that you were fit to fight.' 722 00:41:02,710 --> 00:41:05,088 'If nothing's happened, you'd chat about life, 723 00:41:05,171 --> 00:41:07,265 where he came from, where you came from. 724 00:41:07,340 --> 00:41:08,842 Everything was friendly. 725 00:41:08,883 --> 00:41:11,932 There was a terrific lot of kindness in a way to each person.' 726 00:41:12,011 --> 00:41:13,854 'When the war was not very active, 727 00:41:13,930 --> 00:41:16,433 it was really rather fun to be in the front line. 728 00:41:16,516 --> 00:41:18,189 It was not very dangerous. 729 00:41:18,267 --> 00:41:21,362 A sort of out-of-door camping holiday with the boys 730 00:41:21,396 --> 00:41:24,366 with a slight spice of danger to make it interesting.' 731 00:41:25,233 --> 00:41:29,204 'We used to raid the trenches and get a prisoner if possible.' 732 00:41:29,278 --> 00:41:32,703 'On a typical trench raid, there'd be perhaps eight in the party.' 733 00:41:34,033 --> 00:41:35,706 'If you were going to make a raid, 734 00:41:35,785 --> 00:41:38,880 somebody would cut a passage through the wire at night.' 735 00:41:40,540 --> 00:41:42,918 'The only way to do it was silently... 736 00:41:45,253 --> 00:41:47,722 ...to rush it, and that was the arrangement.' 737 00:41:47,755 --> 00:41:51,760 'We would bayonet the Germans coming out on their hands and knees out the dugout, 738 00:41:51,884 --> 00:41:55,104 we'd smack them over the head, and throw in a couple of bombs. 739 00:41:59,976 --> 00:42:02,149 There were three ways of getting rid of him. 740 00:42:02,228 --> 00:42:05,607 One was to knife him, garrotte him, or to bayonet him. 741 00:42:05,732 --> 00:42:10,078 The quietest was a quick wrap around the throat and a knife into the back.' 742 00:42:14,240 --> 00:42:16,493 'I threw the revolver at poor little Rudolph. 743 00:42:16,576 --> 00:42:19,329 He was only about 18. I hit him in the face with it. 744 00:42:19,412 --> 00:42:22,131 He screamed and came back at me and that's when I got him. 745 00:42:22,248 --> 00:42:23,921 Got him with a Very pistol.' 746 00:42:23,958 --> 00:42:27,679 - Well done, chaps! Good raid! -'l always had a full flask. 747 00:42:27,754 --> 00:42:30,098 I gave him a drink. I felt very sorry for him. 748 00:42:30,173 --> 00:42:32,426 He said, "Danke sch6n. Das ist gut," 749 00:42:32,467 --> 00:42:34,595 and died.' 750 00:42:34,635 --> 00:42:36,763 Pick up prisoners, lads! 751 00:42:36,804 --> 00:42:38,932 (PROJECTILE WHISTLES) 752 00:42:41,350 --> 00:42:43,944 'And it was a very successful little raid. 753 00:42:44,020 --> 00:42:47,320 They got two prisoners, I think, which was all they all wanted.' 754 00:42:47,440 --> 00:42:50,614 'By the way, the men who were captured on the trench raids 755 00:42:50,651 --> 00:42:53,495 were the first Germans I saw on the Western Front.' 756 00:42:53,613 --> 00:42:55,286 Right. What else is there? 757 00:42:55,323 --> 00:42:58,543 'A lot of the German troops were very good, very friendly. 758 00:42:58,618 --> 00:43:02,213 In fact, some of those Bavarians were damn good, decent people. 759 00:43:02,288 --> 00:43:05,838 The snipers would fire, but not hit anybody, know what I mean?' 760 00:43:07,627 --> 00:43:12,053 'They put up a sign: "Gott mit uns," in German, "God is with us." 761 00:43:12,131 --> 00:43:14,884 We put up a sign up in English, "We've got mittens too." 762 00:43:14,967 --> 00:43:18,141 We don't know if the Germans enjoyed that joke or not.' 763 00:43:18,179 --> 00:43:20,648 'There was a wounded German, a Wartenberger, I think. 764 00:43:20,681 --> 00:43:24,185 We did what we could for him, we gave him a bit of food, that sort of thing. 765 00:43:24,310 --> 00:43:26,984 He was cursing the Prussians like anything.' 766 00:43:27,063 --> 00:43:30,317 'The Saxons were in front of us and they gave us the warning 767 00:43:30,358 --> 00:43:32,907 that they were going to be relieved by the Prussians. 768 00:43:34,737 --> 00:43:37,490 And they said to us, "Give 'em hell!" 769 00:43:37,532 --> 00:43:39,534 They hated the Prussians.' 770 00:43:39,659 --> 00:43:42,879 'Cos the Prussians were cruel bastards.' 771 00:43:42,995 --> 00:43:45,373 - This way. - Schnell! Schnell! 772 00:43:45,498 --> 00:43:48,001 - Here! Watch yourself! - Come along! 773 00:43:48,042 --> 00:43:52,513 'The Bavarians or the Saxonians were the more civilised of the Germans. 774 00:43:52,547 --> 00:43:54,345 Part-English, if anything.' 775 00:43:57,510 --> 00:44:02,732 'After a four-day spell in the front line, we were relieved 776 00:44:02,849 --> 00:44:06,945 and we had to march back to billet somewhere a few miles behind the lines.' 777 00:44:07,019 --> 00:44:09,772 'We were going for a supposed one-week's rest.' 778 00:44:09,856 --> 00:44:11,950 'Everybody was dead whacked. 779 00:44:12,024 --> 00:44:14,026 We were all pretty knocked up.' 780 00:44:14,110 --> 00:44:16,204 'We extricated ourselves from the mud 781 00:44:16,279 --> 00:44:18,782 to what was somewhat ironically called "rest".' 782 00:44:18,865 --> 00:44:20,538 'In the front line itself, 783 00:44:20,616 --> 00:44:22,914 -you didn't criticise people.' -(CHEERING) 784 00:44:23,035 --> 00:44:27,040 'And if you had a chap who was a bit dicky, you would keep an eye on him. 785 00:44:27,081 --> 00:44:29,925 It was like being a family but, when you were out of the line, 786 00:44:30,042 --> 00:44:32,386 you'd want nothing to do with those people at all. 787 00:44:32,461 --> 00:44:35,761 You can't call it "comradeship," exactly, it was the way you did it.' 788 00:44:35,882 --> 00:44:37,930 - Get your mail! - Welcome back. 789 00:44:38,050 --> 00:44:42,146 'The thing which always took me as being absolutely stupid 790 00:44:42,221 --> 00:44:44,315 was that the next morning, 791 00:44:44,390 --> 00:44:48,941 every man had to be spick and span, not a trace of mud on him.' 792 00:44:50,146 --> 00:44:54,242 'You'd brush your clothes or dry them off the best way you could 793 00:44:54,317 --> 00:44:56,240 and clean your boots. 794 00:44:56,277 --> 00:44:58,496 In other words, smarten yourself up.' 795 00:44:59,071 --> 00:45:01,119 (I IT'S A LONG WAY TO TIPPERARY) 796 00:45:10,917 --> 00:45:15,639 'The men would always appear the same: cheerful under the circumstances, 797 00:45:15,755 --> 00:45:19,805 happy as they could be, and making the best of everything, you know, 798 00:45:19,926 --> 00:45:21,769 in true British fashion.' 799 00:45:22,929 --> 00:45:25,773 - What? -'The Cockney wit was prevalent. 800 00:45:25,848 --> 00:45:29,443 And we were all lads together, you know. We didn't care a bugger.' 801 00:45:29,518 --> 00:45:33,113 -(LAUGHTER) -'We'd make a fuss about nothing. 802 00:45:33,147 --> 00:45:37,618 Little things that didn't matter really, it was something to fill the time in.' 803 00:45:37,693 --> 00:45:40,196 'We used to have to make our own amusements.' 804 00:45:40,279 --> 00:45:41,826 Bloody bastard. 805 00:45:41,948 --> 00:45:44,292 'You laughed at the slightest things. 806 00:45:44,367 --> 00:45:47,496 I think probably it was the general tension of the atmosphere 807 00:45:47,620 --> 00:45:50,339 that used to make us like that, you know.' 808 00:45:51,290 --> 00:45:54,715 'My mother sent me a parcel with a plum pudding of all things 809 00:45:54,794 --> 00:45:58,674 and I had no thought of being able to cook it, so we used it as a rugby ball.' 810 00:45:58,798 --> 00:46:00,550 (CHEERING) 811 00:46:00,633 --> 00:46:02,977 'We had this regimental sports day 812 00:46:03,052 --> 00:46:06,522 and I won't say I was the only sober one, 813 00:46:06,639 --> 00:46:09,142 but most of 'em were, well, merry about it.' 814 00:46:09,225 --> 00:46:10,477 (LAUGHTER) 815 00:46:10,518 --> 00:46:12,316 (INDISTINCT SHOUTING) 816 00:46:12,395 --> 00:46:15,740 - Come on. Sock him one! -(LAUGHTER) 817 00:46:16,482 --> 00:46:18,985 - Come on, mate. -'You took part in everything, 818 00:46:19,026 --> 00:46:24,499 because you had to fill your time in, you know, otherwise all you did was 819 00:46:24,532 --> 00:46:27,001 -sit about and smoke.' {CHILDREN'S LA LIGHTER) 820 00:46:27,034 --> 00:46:29,162 - Go on, lad! - Get off! 821 00:46:29,245 --> 00:46:31,498 'The only time we saw the artillerymen 822 00:46:31,539 --> 00:46:34,258 -was when we were out at rest.' - Fire! 823 00:46:34,333 --> 00:46:36,006 (ORDERS ARE SHOUTED) 824 00:46:36,085 --> 00:46:39,385 'They would be, say, two miles behind the line.' 825 00:46:39,505 --> 00:46:41,553 -...eight, two... - Fire! 826 00:46:41,674 --> 00:46:44,177 'We wanted to neutralise enemy batteries, 827 00:46:44,260 --> 00:46:46,934 so we were registering our batteries on his.' 828 00:46:47,013 --> 00:46:50,187 - Fire! - Come on! 829 00:46:50,224 --> 00:46:54,525 'We used to know the line and elevation because it was done by aircraft.' 830 00:46:54,603 --> 00:46:58,278 - Once they're through, go again! -'lt's pretty ghastly, but the idea was 831 00:46:58,357 --> 00:46:59,859 to kill as many German gunners 832 00:46:59,900 --> 00:47:02,198 -as you could.' - Ready! 833 00:47:03,029 --> 00:47:05,077 Fire! 834 00:47:09,785 --> 00:47:11,458 Sir. 835 00:47:11,537 --> 00:47:15,713 'There was no motorised transport then for guns. 836 00:47:15,791 --> 00:47:18,044 The guns used to be brought up by horses.' 837 00:47:18,085 --> 00:47:21,305 'Eight horses to each gun team. Four horses to each wagon team. 838 00:47:21,380 --> 00:47:23,883 - About 60 horses.' -(WHINNYING) 839 00:47:23,966 --> 00:47:26,060 'The gunners made a filthy noise, 840 00:47:26,135 --> 00:47:29,139 jingling and jingling and the horses making noises both ends 841 00:47:29,221 --> 00:47:32,725 and it was always a great concern for those of us who were going to battle.' 842 00:47:32,808 --> 00:47:35,982 - Heave! -(WHINNYING) 843 00:47:36,062 --> 00:47:39,236 - Come on! That's it! Come on! - Heave! 844 00:47:43,235 --> 00:47:45,909 'Each company officer paid his own company. 845 00:47:45,946 --> 00:47:50,417 Now, it was generally the first morning after we were out of the line, 846 00:47:50,451 --> 00:47:52,124 you got five francs. 847 00:47:52,244 --> 00:47:56,920 A franc was worth ten pence, so 5O pence was your pay for a fortnight. 50 pence. 848 00:47:56,957 --> 00:47:59,085 Now, that's a week of riotous living.' 849 00:48:00,419 --> 00:48:03,798 'Every town of any size at all had a brothel 850 00:48:03,923 --> 00:48:08,349 and that was where most of these boys learnt a little more about life 851 00:48:08,427 --> 00:48:11,146 than they would ever have done in normal, civil life. 852 00:48:11,263 --> 00:48:13,311 So, although they were young in years, 853 00:48:13,432 --> 00:48:16,777 it wasn't long before they were quite worldly men.' 854 00:48:16,811 --> 00:48:20,156 'One of the lads said, "Let's go and have a look in the White Star! 855 00:48:20,272 --> 00:48:21,774 It's like a pub." 856 00:48:21,857 --> 00:48:24,701 I'd led a very sheltered life 857 00:48:24,777 --> 00:48:27,951 and there were beautiful girls with just a piece of lace on. 858 00:48:28,030 --> 00:48:32,206 And, ooh, my word! (LAUGHS) I'd never seen anything like it before.' 859 00:48:32,284 --> 00:48:35,128 'There was I, a young lad, knowing nothing about this. 860 00:48:35,204 --> 00:48:39,459 Off we go and these men were going up regularly to see the girls. 861 00:48:39,542 --> 00:48:43,172 I was very keen. I said to one of these fellas, "I've only got a sixpence." 862 00:48:43,295 --> 00:48:45,844 "Well, that's no good," he said, "It's a shilling." 863 00:48:45,965 --> 00:48:48,514 That was my first experience of a brothel.' 864 00:48:48,634 --> 00:48:51,308 'Anyway, we looked in there for a couple of minutes, 865 00:48:51,387 --> 00:48:54,561 when four or five naked girls came running down the corridor. 866 00:48:54,640 --> 00:48:56,813 We turned tail and ran! (LAUGHS)' 867 00:48:56,892 --> 00:48:58,644 'It was an eye-opener to me. 868 00:48:58,727 --> 00:49:02,072 There she stood, a great big woman with this little cane in her hand 869 00:49:02,148 --> 00:49:05,493 and she belted my backside as if I was a little schoolboy. 870 00:49:05,568 --> 00:49:08,321 "Petty sergeant this" and "Petty sergeant the other!" 871 00:49:08,362 --> 00:49:11,206 Thump-thump-thump-thump! (LAUGHS)' 872 00:49:11,323 --> 00:49:14,918 'Ooh, gambling! Good Lord! People were gambling all day long. 873 00:49:14,994 --> 00:49:18,840 The Canadians and Australians used to gamble terrific amounts of money, 874 00:49:18,873 --> 00:49:20,546 more money than I'd ever seen.' 875 00:49:20,666 --> 00:49:22,509 Beer up! 876 00:49:23,669 --> 00:49:25,717 'The beer was very thin indeed. 877 00:49:25,838 --> 00:49:29,342 It was one-and-nine stuff. One pint, nine piddles.' 878 00:49:30,509 --> 00:49:33,683 'Friday was always the issue day for cigarettes. 879 00:49:33,721 --> 00:49:36,520 And the cigarettes were Three Witches, 880 00:49:36,557 --> 00:49:39,686 which soon became "Three Bitches", or Red Hussars. 881 00:49:39,768 --> 00:49:42,692 I think they were made from stable returns. 882 00:49:44,690 --> 00:49:49,867 But, generally, in good-sized villages, you could get Woodbines and Player's 883 00:49:49,904 --> 00:49:54,205 and they were far preferable to the issue cigarettes.' 884 00:49:54,283 --> 00:49:57,708 'Of course, we were always bartering with the Frenchmen. 885 00:49:57,786 --> 00:50:01,381 We used to barter some of our under-clothing and get a loaf of bread.' 886 00:50:01,415 --> 00:50:05,386 'We used to swap our British cigarettes for their French wine.' 887 00:50:05,419 --> 00:50:07,547 'It could be just as tiring out of the line 888 00:50:07,630 --> 00:50:10,053 as in the line and it was sometimes worse.' 889 00:50:10,090 --> 00:50:15,392 'If you were chosen for a fatigue, you'd have to go on the working party.' 890 00:50:15,429 --> 00:50:19,229 'You collected stores from a big dump three or four miles back. 891 00:50:20,267 --> 00:50:24,067 Enormous bundles of sandbags, ready made-up duckboards 892 00:50:24,146 --> 00:50:26,240 and, worst of all, barbed wire.' 893 00:50:26,315 --> 00:50:29,410 - That's that. -'It was always hard work. 894 00:50:29,443 --> 00:50:32,447 You were a bonny, labouring boy more than you were a fighter.' 895 00:50:32,571 --> 00:50:36,075 'All the chaps were very tired, but it made no difference.' 896 00:50:36,116 --> 00:50:38,244 'And they were mentally tired out. 897 00:50:38,285 --> 00:50:40,287 They'd come out of a trench tour for a rest 898 00:50:40,412 --> 00:50:42,414 and this was the rest they were getting.' 899 00:50:42,456 --> 00:50:44,083 Tuck it down now. 900 00:50:44,166 --> 00:50:46,840 'You would be carrying stuff up on a light railway.' 901 00:50:47,920 --> 00:50:51,094 'Yes, they laid a narrow-gauge light railway track.' 902 00:50:52,091 --> 00:50:55,595 'It was the simplest of things, just platforms on wheels, 903 00:50:55,636 --> 00:50:57,513 driven by light locomotives.' 904 00:51:05,688 --> 00:51:08,692 'Light railways, well, they were always a blooming nuisance, 905 00:51:08,774 --> 00:51:11,448 because they were always coming off the track.' 906 00:51:11,485 --> 00:51:15,786 'They lost control of this truck going down a slight incline 907 00:51:15,823 --> 00:51:17,496 and it barged into the one in front, 908 00:51:17,616 --> 00:51:19,710 scattered duckboards all over the place.' 909 00:51:21,954 --> 00:51:25,003 'We used to take our mess tins up to the engine driver 910 00:51:25,124 --> 00:51:28,003 and get some boiling water for our brew up of tea.' 911 00:51:28,127 --> 00:51:29,800 (GRUNTING) 912 00:51:29,837 --> 00:51:32,340 - Stop messing around. - And another. 913 00:51:33,882 --> 00:51:35,555 Second line there. 914 00:51:35,634 --> 00:51:39,480 'The Germans could see the steam and smoke from the steam engine, 915 00:51:39,555 --> 00:51:45,233 so then it was mostly petrol engines which used to run up to the trenches.' 916 00:51:45,311 --> 00:51:47,405 (CHATTER AND LAUGHTER) 917 00:51:47,479 --> 00:51:50,653 'The light railway only went as far as the communication trench 918 00:51:50,691 --> 00:51:53,194 and then we had to push the thing along by hand.' 919 00:51:53,319 --> 00:51:55,367 Now, then... 920 00:51:57,156 --> 00:51:59,409 'Somebody came along and said, "Oh, this is it! 921 00:51:59,491 --> 00:52:01,493 We're gonna be home by Christmas." "Oh?" 922 00:52:01,577 --> 00:52:04,922 "Well, just go down the road and look in a field there, you'll see." 923 00:52:04,997 --> 00:52:07,546 Wouldn't tell us why. Anyway, we went down.' 924 00:52:07,666 --> 00:52:11,091 'They were on the roadside covered with tarpaulin sheets. 925 00:52:11,170 --> 00:52:14,174 You could see nothing except a square outline.' 926 00:52:14,214 --> 00:52:17,844 'And then the officer said, "These are supposed to be hush-hush."' 927 00:52:17,926 --> 00:52:21,055 'When we asked what it was, the simple reply was, "Tanks." 928 00:52:21,180 --> 00:52:24,684 Knowing the shortage of water, we naturally assumed water tanks 929 00:52:24,725 --> 00:52:27,228 and thought we were getting reserve supplies. 930 00:52:27,353 --> 00:52:29,230 It was one of the best-kept secrets.' 931 00:52:29,355 --> 00:52:33,110 'We were delighted as these wonderful machines were going to win the war... 932 00:52:34,526 --> 00:52:36,574 ...and soon everybody'd be home again. 933 00:52:36,695 --> 00:52:39,073 Of course, it didn't happen like that.' 934 00:52:39,198 --> 00:52:41,246 Wahey! 935 00:52:41,367 --> 00:52:45,122 'We were taken out of the line and had intensive training.' 936 00:52:46,205 --> 00:52:49,755 'Plunge the bayonet into the sack, shout like hell.' 937 00:52:49,875 --> 00:52:53,300 'It was to get used to plunging them into s0meb0dy's body.' 938 00:52:53,379 --> 00:52:56,223 'Then we fired our rifles on the rifle range.' 939 00:53:03,972 --> 00:53:07,067 'Firing rifle grenades was a specialist job.' 940 00:53:08,227 --> 00:53:10,275 'But they were clumsy. 941 00:53:10,396 --> 00:53:12,569 I didn't like them much.' 942 00:53:15,109 --> 00:53:17,487 'Forced marching, marching without a rest 943 00:53:17,569 --> 00:53:21,574 and also frontal attack, right flank attack, left flank attack, 944 00:53:21,657 --> 00:53:23,500 both flanks attack, night attack 945 00:53:23,575 --> 00:53:26,419 and we wondered what the devil all this training was for.' 946 00:53:26,495 --> 00:53:28,589 (BAGPIPES PLAY) 947 00:53:28,664 --> 00:53:32,510 'The corps commander said that he had just received instructions 948 00:53:32,584 --> 00:53:34,461 to go ahead with an operation 949 00:53:34,586 --> 00:53:38,807 -to break through the German lines.' - Come on, Wellington! 950 00:53:38,924 --> 00:53:42,599 'We were told to parade, full marching order. We had to go back up the front. 951 00:53:42,636 --> 00:53:44,934 We'd only been out of the line a couple of days.' 952 00:53:45,013 --> 00:53:47,516 'We could see streams of supplies, 953 00:53:47,599 --> 00:53:50,443 mostly ammunition columns going up towards the front.' 954 00:53:50,477 --> 00:53:52,946 -(WHISTLING) -'We didn't have a lot of notice, 955 00:53:53,021 --> 00:53:55,649 but we knew there was gonna be a big advance.' 956 00:54:04,283 --> 00:54:05,785 (WHINNYING) 957 00:54:09,872 --> 00:54:11,795 'So, batteries pushed forward, 958 00:54:11,832 --> 00:54:14,210 forward positions filled up with ammunition.' 959 00:54:14,293 --> 00:54:16,637 - Let's get these ladders up! - Righto. 960 00:54:16,670 --> 00:54:19,890 'As our great push drew nearer, the line livened up, 961 00:54:19,965 --> 00:54:23,185 it began to get much more dangerous and not nearly so much fun.' 962 00:54:23,302 --> 00:54:27,808 'We learnt that a bayonet charge was to be made on German machine guns.' 963 00:54:28,974 --> 00:54:30,851 "I wish it to be impressed on all ranks, 964 00:54:30,976 --> 00:54:34,150 the importance of the operations about to commence. 965 00:54:34,188 --> 00:54:37,192 The Germans are now outnumbered and outgunned 966 00:54:37,316 --> 00:54:40,035 and will soon go to pieces if every man goes into the fight 967 00:54:40,152 --> 00:54:43,702 determined to get through whatever the local difficulties may be. 968 00:54:43,822 --> 00:54:46,826 I am confident that the brigade will distinguish itself 969 00:54:46,867 --> 00:54:48,414 in this, its first battle. 970 00:54:48,494 --> 00:54:51,873 Let every man remember that all England is watching him." 971 00:54:51,997 --> 00:54:55,501 'We marched all through the night and it got so bad 972 00:54:55,584 --> 00:54:58,554 that officers at the side were pushing men back into line 973 00:54:58,670 --> 00:55:02,516 who were straggling out and your legs seemed to go automatically forward. 974 00:55:02,549 --> 00:55:05,519 I had a feeling that we were walking in our sleep.' 975 00:55:05,552 --> 00:55:10,023 'More men were brought into the line and regiments were crowded closer together.' 976 00:55:10,057 --> 00:55:13,186 'We were filling up the trenches, packed in like sardines.' 977 00:55:14,353 --> 00:55:18,358 'Our captain was a splendid man. He would never bark an order at you. 978 00:55:18,440 --> 00:55:20,863 He would give an order in a conversational way. 979 00:55:20,901 --> 00:55:25,577 "We don't know how far this trench is, but it's between 200 and 300 yards. 980 00:55:25,697 --> 00:55:29,042 I will go over in the first wave and you'll be in the second wave 981 00:55:29,076 --> 00:55:32,250 and as soon as the curtain fire starts, we move. 982 00:55:32,371 --> 00:55:34,920 Now, go along and tell your men to be ready." 983 00:55:35,040 --> 00:55:36,792 And this is the sort of order we got.' 984 00:55:37,918 --> 00:55:40,262 'Our two assaulting companies were ignorant of 985 00:55:40,379 --> 00:55:42,973 what their conduct would be when they got into action. 986 00:55:43,048 --> 00:55:46,723 Captain Neville thought it might be helpful if he could furnish each platoon 987 00:55:46,802 --> 00:55:49,897 with a football and allow them to kick it forward and follow it. 988 00:55:49,930 --> 00:55:53,605 I think myself that it did help them enormously. Took their minds off it.' 989 00:55:53,725 --> 00:55:57,571 'We had an extra bandolier of ammunition around our necks 990 00:55:57,646 --> 00:56:00,069 and if you didn't have a shovel, you had a pick.' 991 00:56:00,148 --> 00:56:02,742 'We got in the trenches and we waited for zero hour. 992 00:56:02,818 --> 00:56:04,570 All the watches are synchronised.' 993 00:56:05,612 --> 00:56:07,990 'I was what is called a first bayonet man, 994 00:56:08,073 --> 00:56:11,748 which meant I carried the rifle with the bayonet in the attacking position 995 00:56:11,827 --> 00:56:14,250 and the rest of the men carried bags of bombs.' 996 00:56:16,415 --> 00:56:19,339 'And we warned to be ready to advance at any moment. 997 00:56:19,418 --> 00:56:21,762 "Any moment" was quite a long time coming. 998 00:56:21,795 --> 00:56:24,765 Of course, that added to the tension that we were feeling.' 999 00:56:24,798 --> 00:56:26,641 Mind the wire! 1000 00:56:26,758 --> 00:56:30,262 'My platoon had been told to go out and test the fire. 1001 00:56:30,345 --> 00:56:33,269 We had to get out and walk towards the enemy. 1002 00:56:33,348 --> 00:56:36,818 We went about 200 yards and then they called us back again.' 1003 00:56:37,811 --> 00:56:41,691 'There was to be no preliminary bombardment the days beforehand. 1004 00:56:41,773 --> 00:56:45,653 There was only one short, sharp barrage just before the battle.' 1005 00:56:45,777 --> 00:56:47,620 Fire! 1006 00:56:47,696 --> 00:56:51,291 'You've got to have the artillery preparation to smash their wire down.' 1007 00:56:51,325 --> 00:56:53,043 Fire! 1008 00:56:53,118 --> 00:56:57,464 'I ordered fire on possible enemy assembly and forming-up positions.' 1009 00:56:57,497 --> 00:57:00,626 -'The bombardment started...' - Ready! Fire! 1010 00:57:00,709 --> 00:57:03,804 -'..and the ground shook...' - Fire! 1011 00:57:03,837 --> 00:57:08,809 '..and we could see the hundreds and hundreds of gun flashes.' 1012 00:57:08,884 --> 00:57:11,307 Ready! Fire! 1013 00:57:11,386 --> 00:57:13,309 Fire one! 1014 00:57:13,347 --> 00:57:15,725 Fire two! Fire three! 1015 00:57:15,807 --> 00:57:17,309 Fire four! 1016 00:57:20,145 --> 00:57:24,070 'As soon as the bombardment started, the Germans' retaliation came. 1017 00:57:27,653 --> 00:57:31,203 For four hours, we had to sit there and take everything he slung at us.' 1018 00:57:33,492 --> 00:57:36,712 'And, first of all, a large number of tanks went in. 1019 00:57:36,828 --> 00:57:39,377 We could hear them rumbling and rattling.' 1020 00:57:39,498 --> 00:57:42,342 '320 tanks crawling along.' 1021 00:57:42,376 --> 00:57:45,095 'We waited for the signal to move off. 1022 00:57:45,170 --> 00:57:50,176 Already, everybody was anxious to go, but we waited and waited.' 1023 00:57:52,177 --> 00:57:55,932 'We got no sleep that night, owing to the noise of our artillery barrage, 1024 00:57:56,014 --> 00:57:58,233 which was continuous the whole time.' 1025 00:57:59,393 --> 00:58:03,364 'We were asked to hand over any personal belongings to our company officer, 1026 00:58:03,438 --> 00:58:07,284 such as photographs and letters that we valued.' 1027 00:58:07,359 --> 00:58:10,909 'I heard soft voices talking to one another quietly 1028 00:58:11,029 --> 00:58:14,124 and I wondered how many were going to live to see the sun rise.' 1029 00:58:14,199 --> 00:58:17,544 'In a man's pay book, there was provision for making a valid will, 1030 00:58:17,577 --> 00:58:21,047 if they were going into action for the first time, but I didn't bother. 1031 00:58:21,123 --> 00:58:23,217 I had nothing to leave anybody. (LAUGHS)' 1032 00:58:23,291 --> 00:58:26,716 'The fellow next to you, he was your best friend. You loved him. 1033 00:58:26,753 --> 00:58:29,051 You perhaps didn't know him the day before 1034 00:58:29,089 --> 00:58:30,716 and then an hour to go... 1035 00:58:30,757 --> 00:58:33,886 They were the longest and the shortest hours in life.' 1036 00:58:33,927 --> 00:58:36,055 'We had unlimited time for thinking 1037 00:58:36,096 --> 00:58:39,600 and I know I found myself thinking much more deeply 1038 00:58:39,725 --> 00:58:41,819 than I had ever thought before.' 1039 00:58:41,893 --> 00:58:44,237 'Some people might be incapable of thinking. 1040 00:58:44,271 --> 00:58:47,241 They might have regarded the situation as being such that 1041 00:58:47,274 --> 00:58:50,778 -they were incapable of thought.' -'l don't think there was any fear. 1042 00:58:50,902 --> 00:58:54,327 It was just that we were doing a job and if it came, it came.' 1043 00:58:55,157 --> 00:58:59,082 'We realised that, sooner or later, we were going to get the chop. 1044 00:58:59,119 --> 00:59:01,838 You were either going to be killed or wounded.' 1045 00:59:01,913 --> 00:59:04,837 'l was not in the least frightened of being killed, 1046 00:59:04,916 --> 00:59:08,420 but I was terrified lest I should lose an arm or a leg.' 1047 00:59:08,503 --> 00:59:12,258 'Waiting for an hour for an attack is not a very pleasant thing. 1048 00:59:12,340 --> 00:59:16,095 We sort of chatted away, trying to keep the spirits up, you see. 1049 00:59:16,178 --> 00:59:19,273 We told dirty stories and made crude remarks.' 1050 00:59:20,140 --> 00:59:23,110 'We had 1,000 guns massed on a mile front behind us. 1051 00:59:23,143 --> 00:59:25,612 Well, you imagine all this stuff coming over you 1052 00:59:25,687 --> 00:59:27,860 with the German stuff coming the other way.' 1053 00:59:27,939 --> 00:59:31,364 'The noise rose to a crescendo such as I'd never heard before.' 1054 00:59:31,443 --> 00:59:33,116 'You wouldn't hear a word.' 1055 00:59:33,195 --> 00:59:37,120 'The shells were passing over you probably three foot, four foot, 1056 00:59:37,199 --> 00:59:41,295 and the air, it was an inferno and your mind was another inferno. 1057 00:59:41,369 --> 00:59:43,667 Reason was completely blast out of it.' 1058 00:59:43,789 --> 00:59:47,134 'The bombardment created a sort of hysterical feeling.' 1059 00:59:47,209 --> 00:59:51,214 'All of a sudden, one of our fellas started crying, screaming and crying. 1060 00:59:51,296 --> 00:59:53,640 The officer in charge, telling the sergeant, 1061 00:59:53,715 --> 00:59:56,138 "Find that man and shoot him! Shoot him!"' 1062 00:59:56,218 --> 01:00:01,190 'It's difficult to explain the reaction of a man when he's in a bombardment.' 1063 01:00:01,306 --> 01:00:04,480 'He thought that this man's screaming and crying 1064 01:00:04,518 --> 01:00:06,896 would be a danger to the rest of the men.' 1065 01:00:06,978 --> 01:00:11,233 'As soon as it was light, we were given rum, as much as you could drink.' 1066 01:00:12,400 --> 01:00:14,243 'And we got the order to fix bayonets.' 1067 01:00:14,319 --> 01:00:17,198 - Fix bayonets! - Bayonets fixed! 1068 01:00:17,322 --> 01:00:21,498 'It was a beautiful day the way it dawned after a rainy night. 1069 01:00:21,535 --> 01:00:23,208 A beautiful day.' 1070 01:00:23,328 --> 01:00:26,502 'Then, five minutes to go, I remember those lads standing there. 1071 01:00:26,581 --> 01:00:28,504 Dead silent, couldn't make a noise.' 1072 01:00:28,542 --> 01:00:31,421 'I was more frightened sitting waiting to start. 1073 01:00:31,503 --> 01:00:34,222 I was very frightened then. Very frightened indeed.' 1074 01:00:34,339 --> 01:00:38,014 'And an officer shouted along the line, "ls everybody ready?" 1075 01:00:38,051 --> 01:00:41,021 And I called out, "I can't get my bayonet on my rifle, sir!" 1076 01:00:41,096 --> 01:00:43,349 He said, "Damn you, mate! Well, hurry up!"' 1077 01:00:43,431 --> 01:00:46,935 'I sent back a message to brigade headquarters to say we were all ready 1078 01:00:47,018 --> 01:00:49,567 but, unfortunately, a slight mistake occurred. 1079 01:00:49,688 --> 01:00:52,862 The first thing they knew was this terrific tremor in the ground. 1080 01:00:52,899 --> 01:00:56,529 We blew a mine which should've been under the German trenches, but wasn't. 1081 01:00:59,906 --> 01:01:03,536 It was in no-man's-land and that gave the Germans five minutes 1082 01:01:03,577 --> 01:01:06,080 to occupy the crater, which they did.' 1083 01:01:08,415 --> 01:01:11,134 'Sergeant Moore, he was standing behind the trench. 1084 01:01:11,209 --> 01:01:13,211 He'd got a revolver in his hand, he said, 1085 01:01:13,253 --> 01:01:15,472 "Anybody going back, I'll shoot 'em!" 1086 01:01:15,547 --> 01:01:18,551 So that, if we didn't go one way, we wouldn't go the other.' 1087 01:01:18,633 --> 01:01:21,056 'There wasn't a reluctance to go over the top, 1088 01:01:21,136 --> 01:01:22,809 not with people I was with.' 1089 01:01:22,888 --> 01:01:24,731 Fire! 1090 01:01:26,057 --> 01:01:28,936 - Fire! -'They put a curtain of shells over you 1091 01:01:29,060 --> 01:01:30,733 and you advance. 1092 01:01:30,812 --> 01:01:34,658 - That was the theory of the thing.' - Fire! 1093 01:01:34,733 --> 01:01:37,156 - Fire! -'l realised that this was the moment 1094 01:01:37,235 --> 01:01:38,737 of the assault.' 1095 01:01:38,820 --> 01:01:41,824 -'And then zero hour.' 'Somebody shouted, "There they go!" 1096 01:01:41,907 --> 01:01:45,912 To the left were the London Scottish running forward.' 1097 01:01:45,994 --> 01:01:48,747 'I gave the order of, "Up the ladders! Over the top!"' 1098 01:01:48,830 --> 01:01:50,924 (WHISTLE BLOWING) 1099 01:01:52,083 --> 01:01:57,089 'And after this, we lived in a world of noise. Simply noise for hours.' 1100 01:01:57,130 --> 01:01:59,258 (sums BOOMING) 1101 01:02:00,342 --> 01:02:02,936 'As soon as you get over the top, fear has left you.' 1102 01:02:02,969 --> 01:02:05,939 'We didn't run. There was no shouting, nor cheering. 1103 01:02:06,014 --> 01:02:07,937 Everybody was deadly quiet.' 1104 01:02:07,974 --> 01:02:10,272 'Just as I stepped into no-man's-land, 1105 01:02:10,352 --> 01:02:14,277 somebody was shot through the head and his skull was splintered. 1106 01:02:14,314 --> 01:02:17,193 It wasn't a good send-off, I can assure you.' 1107 01:02:17,275 --> 01:02:20,620 'The barrage proceeded into the enemy lines 1108 01:02:20,695 --> 01:02:25,496 -in steps of 100 yards at a time.' - Fire! 1109 01:02:26,826 --> 01:02:30,296 'The line of British troops, fixed bayonets, walking quite steadily 1110 01:02:30,330 --> 01:02:31,798 behind the barrage. 1111 01:02:31,873 --> 01:02:33,625 It was a sight I shall never forget.' 1112 01:02:33,708 --> 01:02:36,461 'To start with, we'd had the odd machine-gun firing, 1113 01:02:36,503 --> 01:02:39,973 but remarkably little, and it seemed almost too good to be true. 1114 01:02:40,048 --> 01:02:44,224 'And we then realised the Germans had been retaining their fire 1115 01:02:44,302 --> 01:02:47,306 until they saw how far the attack was developing.' 1116 01:02:47,389 --> 01:02:50,518 'Unknown to us, there was ten to 20 German machine guns.' 1117 01:02:50,642 --> 01:02:53,145 'Then all hell broke loose.' 1118 01:02:53,186 --> 01:02:56,531 'And, my God, he really opened up and he let us have it. 1119 01:02:56,648 --> 01:02:59,026 - It just swept us.' -(MACHINE-GUN FIRE) 1120 01:03:00,860 --> 01:03:03,158 Keep back! Keep back! 1121 01:03:03,238 --> 01:03:05,332 Keep moving, laddie! 1122 01:03:07,659 --> 01:03:10,333 (GUNFIRE CONTINUES) 1123 01:03:10,370 --> 01:03:12,168 (ARTILLERY BOOMING) 1124 01:03:15,417 --> 01:03:18,762 'Machine-gun bullets came at us like hailstones.' 1125 01:03:18,837 --> 01:03:22,057 'I didn't realise that the swish-swish were bullets.' 1126 01:03:22,173 --> 01:03:25,552 'l looked round and people were dropping all round you. 1127 01:03:25,677 --> 01:03:28,681 I mean, they just faded away, you know, on either side of you.' 1128 01:03:28,763 --> 01:03:32,108 'And I thought, "What are they shooting at me for?" (CHUCKLES)' 1129 01:03:32,183 --> 01:03:35,357 'I hadn't gone more than a few yards before I was shot in the thigh.' 1130 01:03:35,395 --> 01:03:38,114 'There was a captain alongside me with his revolver out 1131 01:03:38,189 --> 01:03:39,862 and, all of a sudden, he dropped. 1132 01:03:39,941 --> 01:03:42,535 And then another chap, he was hit in the leg, 1133 01:03:42,610 --> 01:03:45,454 but he continued with great bounds, hopping on one leg.' 1134 01:03:45,530 --> 01:03:48,409 -(CLANKING) -'When the bullets hit the tank, 1135 01:03:48,533 --> 01:03:52,788 the metal flakes were whirring around like razor blades inside the tank.' 1136 01:03:52,871 --> 01:03:55,715 'You could see men dropping, but you didn't take any notice. 1137 01:03:55,790 --> 01:03:57,713 If you didn't get hit, you carried on.' 1138 01:03:57,751 --> 01:04:00,220 'l found myself with a terrible pain in my left hand 1139 01:04:00,253 --> 01:04:02,881 as if somebody had caned me and I found a big hole in it.' 1140 01:04:02,964 --> 01:04:06,719 'A man was running across the front of me and he was shot through the body 1141 01:04:06,760 --> 01:04:09,889 because the contents of his wallet were flung out forward of me.' 1142 01:04:10,805 --> 01:04:13,274 'I felt a terrific pain in my right arm 1143 01:04:13,391 --> 01:04:16,565 and the blood started running off the end of my hand.' 1144 01:04:16,603 --> 01:04:20,403 'I just didn't think that this German machine-gunner would fire at me 1145 01:04:20,440 --> 01:04:23,614 but, the next thing, I felt a shock of quite a number of bullets 1146 01:04:23,735 --> 01:04:25,612 hitting the right side of my body.' 1147 01:04:25,737 --> 01:04:29,412 'A hare crossed my path with eyes bulging, in fear, 1148 01:04:29,491 --> 01:04:32,916 but I felt that it couldn't have been half as frightened as I was.' 1149 01:04:32,952 --> 01:04:35,455 'You could see your mates going down right and left. 1150 01:04:35,580 --> 01:04:39,301 You were face-to-face with the stark realisation that this is the end of it.' 1151 01:04:39,417 --> 01:04:43,172 'The two in front of me went down, wounded in the head and chest.' 1152 01:04:43,254 --> 01:04:46,508 'These bloody bullets got me in the leg and blew a great big hole at the back. 1153 01:04:46,591 --> 01:04:47,808 It didn't hurt.' 1154 01:04:47,926 --> 01:04:50,520 'Well, life was very, very hazardous indeed 1155 01:04:50,595 --> 01:04:54,691 and we proceeded in this fashion, some getting hit and others carrying along.' 1156 01:04:54,766 --> 01:04:57,269 'You hadn't got time to deliberate upon things. 1157 01:04:57,352 --> 01:05:01,448 Machine-gun bullets might be coming over, but they weren't hitting you.' 1158 01:05:01,523 --> 01:05:04,322 -(BA GPIPE PLA YS) -'They say your past comes up 1159 01:05:04,442 --> 01:05:08,447 when you think you were gonna die, but I hadn't got very much past at 19. 1160 01:05:08,530 --> 01:05:12,956 When I saw these bullets coming along, all I thought was, "Am I gonna live?"' 1161 01:05:12,992 --> 01:05:16,792 'Of course, if the thing hits you fair and square and you die immediately, 1162 01:05:16,830 --> 01:05:19,629 you don't feel anything at all, nothing to it.' 1163 01:05:19,707 --> 01:05:22,335 'The first wave were all absolutely wiped out. 1164 01:05:22,460 --> 01:05:24,508 Everybody was either killed or wounded.' 1165 01:05:24,629 --> 01:05:28,475 'There were so many dead laying about, it was hard to avoid treading on them.' 1166 01:05:28,508 --> 01:05:31,637 'I was trying to step over them. The sergeant behind me said, 1167 01:05:31,678 --> 01:05:34,978 "Go on! You mustn't take any notice of that. Keep going!"' 1168 01:05:35,056 --> 01:05:38,731 'And we were literally walking over the dead bodies of our cobbers. 1169 01:05:38,810 --> 01:05:40,904 The carnage is just indescribable.' 1170 01:05:42,647 --> 01:05:45,901 'I had in my path about 2,000 dead, British and German. 1171 01:05:45,984 --> 01:05:49,238 An attempt to clear any dead man from our path was impossible 1172 01:05:49,320 --> 01:05:52,039 because of the shelling and we ploughed over the lot.' 1173 01:05:53,241 --> 01:05:56,245 'Any shell bursting within a few yards of the tank 1174 01:05:56,327 --> 01:05:58,580 seemed to lift it up in the air 1175 01:05:58,663 --> 01:06:01,007 and you felt a tremendous back pressure.' 1176 01:06:02,375 --> 01:06:05,049 'The noise of the battle when you're out in the middle of it 1177 01:06:05,170 --> 01:06:08,674 is so terrific that you don't hear any individual shots even.' 1178 01:06:08,715 --> 01:06:11,218 'And we had to stop in front of the German wire.' 1179 01:06:11,342 --> 01:06:13,720 'It was quite impossible to advance any further 1180 01:06:13,845 --> 01:06:16,564 because of the barbed wire and the machine-gun posts, 1181 01:06:16,681 --> 01:06:18,433 which were about 50 yards further on.' 1182 01:06:18,516 --> 01:06:21,235 'The wire in front of us was quite uncut, 1183 01:06:21,352 --> 01:06:23,275 despite the intense bombardments.' 1184 01:06:23,354 --> 01:06:25,448 'You couldn't see anything but this wire, 1185 01:06:25,523 --> 01:06:27,400 it seemed to be acres and acres of it.' 1186 01:06:27,525 --> 01:06:29,869 'It was just black with rust 1187 01:06:29,944 --> 01:06:32,697 and I don't think a rabbit could have got through it.' 1188 01:06:32,739 --> 01:06:35,868 'Then, our own artillery started dropping shells amongst us.' 1189 01:06:42,290 --> 01:06:45,885 'Obviously, they hadn't got the range, or they didn't know where we were.' 1190 01:06:46,711 --> 01:06:49,430 'l heard the first shrapnel shell burst above my head.' 1191 01:06:49,547 --> 01:06:51,891 -'There was a terrific whiz.' -(CLANGING) 1192 01:06:51,966 --> 01:06:56,062 'That was the disappearance of my steel helmet. I never found it again.' 1193 01:06:56,137 --> 01:06:59,892 'I got a bit off the cheek of my backside, a piece in my hip, 1194 01:06:59,933 --> 01:07:03,107 a piece in my leg, and a piece right through my leg.' 1195 01:07:03,228 --> 01:07:05,902 'The fellow to my left took the full blast of the shell 1196 01:07:05,939 --> 01:07:07,612 and had half his head blown away.' 1197 01:07:07,732 --> 01:07:11,578 'Bullets were catching us and shrapnel was coming down overhead 1198 01:07:11,653 --> 01:07:14,406 and we had all the German artillery banging away at us 1199 01:07:14,489 --> 01:07:16,583 and our own artillery going over.' 1200 01:07:16,658 --> 01:07:19,252 'The shells were exploding all round you 1201 01:07:19,285 --> 01:07:23,165 and it was a real, good, old battle and it got hold of you, sort of.' 1202 01:07:23,248 --> 01:07:25,671 'One had no sanity at all 1203 01:07:25,750 --> 01:07:29,471 because the inferno was so blasting that you had no time to think.' 1204 01:07:30,296 --> 01:07:32,640 'That din, that numbing din 1205 01:07:32,757 --> 01:07:36,102 seemed to stop one doing the things that one would normally do, 1206 01:07:36,177 --> 01:07:38,475 no matter how well-intentioned one was.' 1207 01:07:40,473 --> 01:07:43,352 'You don't look, you see. You don't hear, you listen. 1208 01:07:43,434 --> 01:07:47,610 You taste the top of your mouth. Your nose is filled with fumes and death. 1209 01:07:47,689 --> 01:07:50,192 The veneer of civilisation has dropped away.' 1210 01:07:51,526 --> 01:07:53,995 'I was literally blown about 12 or 14 yards 1211 01:07:54,112 --> 01:07:57,537 and all that I could hear was the cries and screams from the survivors, 1212 01:07:57,615 --> 01:08:00,118 sometimes in two, sometimes in three parts. 1213 01:08:00,159 --> 01:08:05,381 Legs, arms, all strewn over the place and that arid smell of explosion.' 1214 01:08:05,456 --> 01:08:09,802 'Well, all my romantic ideas of war completely vanished.' 1215 01:08:10,670 --> 01:08:13,640 'A shell had hit this man, it knocked off his left arm, 1216 01:08:13,715 --> 01:08:17,470 knocked off his left leg, his left eye was hanging on his cheek 1217 01:08:17,552 --> 01:08:19,350 and he's calling out for Nanny. 1218 01:08:19,470 --> 01:08:22,144 His bleeding eye was hanging on, pulsing. 1219 01:08:24,058 --> 01:08:25,981 So I shot him. 1220 01:08:26,060 --> 01:08:28,062 I had to. I had to shoot him. 1221 01:08:28,146 --> 01:08:31,650 He'd have died in any case and it put him out of his misery. 1222 01:08:32,734 --> 01:08:34,657 (SOBBING) And that hurt me.' 1223 01:08:36,070 --> 01:08:38,493 'I knew there was no hope of getting any orders 1224 01:08:38,531 --> 01:08:40,329 cos there was nobody to give any.' 1225 01:08:40,408 --> 01:08:44,379 'All officers were killed and wounded and most of the NCOs.' 1226 01:08:44,495 --> 01:08:46,338 'I jumped into this big shell hole.' 1227 01:08:46,372 --> 01:08:49,501 'You dropped down anywhere, shell holes, anywhere at all 1228 01:08:49,584 --> 01:08:52,337 just to take cover until the barrage lifted.' 1229 01:08:52,378 --> 01:08:55,723 'I'm not one of those heroes who want to take the German Army on my own, 1230 01:08:55,840 --> 01:08:59,720 so I went to earth and I got down behind the lip of a big shell hole.' 1231 01:08:59,844 --> 01:09:02,848 'Fortunately, I was able to drop into a shell hole.' 1232 01:09:02,889 --> 01:09:06,063 'We used to call them shell-hole droppers, they would drop down 1233 01:09:06,184 --> 01:09:09,905 into a shell hole because of the barrage and seeing a few of the men killed.' 1234 01:09:10,021 --> 01:09:12,615 'It's a pity they didn't all drop into shell holes. 1235 01:09:12,690 --> 01:09:15,364 Before the barrage lifted, they were dead.' 1236 01:09:15,401 --> 01:09:19,531 'And the bullets were hitting the back of the shell hole where I was. 1237 01:09:19,572 --> 01:09:22,792 It was raining bullets. I don't know how I got missed.' 1238 01:09:22,867 --> 01:09:25,120 'From behind the lip of this shell hole, 1239 01:09:25,203 --> 01:09:27,922 the dirt was spraying down the back of my neck.' 1240 01:09:28,039 --> 01:09:30,963 'There were three chaps in the shell hole and one of them said, 1241 01:09:31,042 --> 01:09:33,136 "They're firing at your bloody shovel!" 1242 01:09:33,211 --> 01:09:36,055 We looked round to see a bullet go right through his head. 1243 01:09:36,130 --> 01:09:38,633 - So that was the end of that.' -'A sergeant came down 1244 01:09:38,716 --> 01:09:42,220 into the shell hole on top of us, he was dead, he'd got it through the neck. 1245 01:09:42,261 --> 01:09:45,310 Anyway, he had a lovely pair of field glasses round his neck 1246 01:09:45,390 --> 01:09:48,109 and I nabbed them, because things were so scarce, 1247 01:09:48,226 --> 01:09:50,775 if there was anything like that, you'd collar it.' 1248 01:09:50,895 --> 01:09:53,739 'Jerry slapped shell after shell into us 1249 01:09:53,773 --> 01:09:57,118 until one shell penetrated the forward part of the tank. 1250 01:09:57,235 --> 01:09:59,112 What happened then, I cannot tell you, 1251 01:09:59,237 --> 01:10:01,490 but I believe there was an explosion.' 1252 01:10:01,572 --> 01:10:04,746 'We were fully-trained soldiers, we always had the rifles loaded, 1253 01:10:04,784 --> 01:10:09,085 but we stuck in the extra five rounds to make it a ten for rapid-fire.' 1254 01:10:09,122 --> 01:10:12,092 'The Germans got up in their own trenches and fired at us. 1255 01:10:12,166 --> 01:10:15,420 In my opinion, they were very brave, very brave men indeed.' 1256 01:10:15,503 --> 01:10:19,599 'There was a German standing up on his parapet and flinging bombs, 1257 01:10:19,674 --> 01:10:21,267 so I shot him.' 1258 01:10:21,300 --> 01:10:25,146 'The officer gave us orders, "Open immediate rapid-fire!" 1259 01:10:25,263 --> 01:10:28,642 We all opened up as fast as we could go, continually firing. 1260 01:10:28,766 --> 01:10:30,768 It was a real mad minute, I'll tell you.' 1261 01:10:30,810 --> 01:10:35,031 'They stood up and I was picking the Germans off because I was a sniper.' 1262 01:10:35,106 --> 01:10:38,656 'I was trying to pick the shot and something hit me 1263 01:10:38,776 --> 01:10:41,279 between the eyes like a Sledgehammer. 1264 01:10:41,362 --> 01:10:43,865 I dissolved into unconsciousness with no pain, 1265 01:10:43,948 --> 01:10:47,623 but with millions of golden stars in a dark-blue heaven.' 1266 01:10:47,702 --> 01:10:50,125 'After I'd used up a whole lot of bullets, 1267 01:10:50,163 --> 01:10:52,541 I got down, I says, "You have a go, Bill." 1268 01:10:52,623 --> 01:10:55,342 He didn't even fire a shot, he was killed immediately. 1269 01:10:55,460 --> 01:10:57,508 That's how things were. 1270 01:10:57,628 --> 01:11:00,131 You felt grief, it was a pal of yours, 1271 01:11:00,214 --> 01:11:04,469 but you took it casually because I suppose you become battle-hardened.' 1272 01:11:04,552 --> 01:11:07,897 'We kept up rapid-fire there as long as our rifles would work. 1273 01:11:07,972 --> 01:11:10,725 - They got too hot to fire any more.' -'Fat was pouring out 1274 01:11:10,808 --> 01:11:12,651 the woodwork of the rifles. 1275 01:11:12,685 --> 01:11:14,687 The muzzles were beginning to extend.' 1276 01:11:14,812 --> 01:11:16,814 'Then we got an order from the captain: 1277 01:11:16,856 --> 01:11:20,827 We must make a barricade of the dead - the German dead and our own dead.' 1278 01:11:21,819 --> 01:11:24,914 'My captain, at that time, was anxious to go on and keep it up, 1279 01:11:24,989 --> 01:11:26,866 but I'm afraid he died.' 1280 01:11:27,867 --> 01:11:31,497 'I had three men loading up rifle grenades and I peppered the whole line. 1281 01:11:31,537 --> 01:11:34,666 Judging by the shouts and the screams, I'd taken a very good toll.' 1282 01:11:34,749 --> 01:11:38,720 'There was a machine gun spraying on the lip of our shell hole. 1283 01:11:38,836 --> 01:11:41,385 I waited until the belt of that gun had fired 1284 01:11:41,506 --> 01:11:43,929 and immediately carried on the advance.' 1285 01:11:44,008 --> 01:11:46,727 'The sergeant, he says, "Follow me."' 1286 01:11:46,844 --> 01:11:50,565 'I had managed to crawl under the wire, a lot of us got through in that way, 1287 01:11:50,681 --> 01:11:54,060 and gathered together on the German side of the wire.' 1288 01:11:54,185 --> 01:11:58,031 'All the shells screamed over our heads onto the German posts and stopped. 1289 01:11:58,105 --> 01:12:03,032 "Come on, lads, give them hell!" And we just got up and rushed forward.' 1290 01:12:03,069 --> 01:12:05,913 'In the bayonet charge, the majority of us always had 1291 01:12:06,030 --> 01:12:08,954 a round up the spout, besides the magazine.' 1292 01:12:09,033 --> 01:12:12,537 'There was an exultation that with a rifle, bayonet and Mills bombs, 1293 01:12:12,578 --> 01:12:15,206 we were going to be able to get stuck into the bastards 1294 01:12:15,289 --> 01:12:18,634 -that had been killing our mates.' -'And we went like hell, 1295 01:12:18,709 --> 01:12:21,713 -straight into the Germans.' -(SCREAMING AND GUNFIRE) 1296 01:12:25,800 --> 01:12:27,723 (GUNFIRE AND SHOUTING) 1297 01:12:27,760 --> 01:12:30,229 'And we fired at anything that moved.' 1298 01:12:30,263 --> 01:12:32,265 'I dropped down to my knees 1299 01:12:32,390 --> 01:12:35,234 and the sergeant fired over my shoulder and hit the German. 1300 01:12:35,309 --> 01:12:39,155 He was on the ground but still firing, so he went up and killed him.' 1301 01:12:39,230 --> 01:12:41,574 'There was only one method of bayonet fighting: 1302 01:12:41,649 --> 01:12:43,902 to shove your bayonet in as hard as you could.' 1303 01:12:43,943 --> 01:12:46,162 'There was this German on the floor of the trench, 1304 01:12:46,237 --> 01:12:47,784 the poor bugger was dead scared. 1305 01:12:47,905 --> 01:12:50,579 While I'm wondering whether to stick him or shoot him, 1306 01:12:50,616 --> 01:12:54,337 a German jumped out away to my left, another one on the right, 1307 01:12:54,412 --> 01:12:57,962 so I pinned this German down, then shot the German on the left. 1308 01:12:58,082 --> 01:13:01,427 I put another one up the spout and shot the German running on the right.' 1309 01:13:02,253 --> 01:13:05,928 'Quite a number of Germans came in a rush and we shot them, one by one. 1310 01:13:06,007 --> 01:13:07,805 We probably killed the lot.' 1311 01:13:07,925 --> 01:13:10,269 'Some chap said, "Poor old Dick got it," 1312 01:13:10,303 --> 01:13:13,933 and I looked around and saw him lying with the top of his head off.' 1313 01:13:14,015 --> 01:13:17,815 'On our right flank came a German with a canister on his back, 1314 01:13:17,935 --> 01:13:20,438 squirting this liquid fire out of the hose.' 1315 01:13:20,521 --> 01:13:23,365 'I looked towards jets of flame coming across the trench. 1316 01:13:23,441 --> 01:13:25,284 We'd never heard of flame-throwers.' 1317 01:13:25,359 --> 01:13:28,533 'Burnt 23 of our chaps to death. I plonked one into his chest, 1318 01:13:28,613 --> 01:13:32,163 but we didn't stop him, he must have had an armour-plated waistcoat on.' 1319 01:13:32,283 --> 01:13:35,162 'I got a bang in the arm and found I was bleeding. 1320 01:13:35,286 --> 01:13:38,460 I could bomb pretty well with my left arm as I could with my right.' 1321 01:13:39,290 --> 01:13:41,884 'Somebody threw a Mills bomb and it burst behind him. 1322 01:13:41,959 --> 01:13:44,303 He wasn't armour-plated behind, he went down.' 1323 01:13:44,378 --> 01:13:46,722 'One German came running out of this trench, 1324 01:13:46,797 --> 01:13:49,300 screaming his head off, he nearly knocked me over.' 1325 01:13:49,383 --> 01:13:52,557 'Three Germans came out with their hands up 1326 01:13:52,637 --> 01:13:56,642 and they were young chaps about our own age, about 19 or 20.' 1327 01:13:56,724 --> 01:14:00,149 'If Jerries came up with their hands up, we just waved them on, 1328 01:14:00,186 --> 01:14:02,063 we didn't fire at them, obviously.' 1329 01:14:03,189 --> 01:14:04,862 'Prisoners were a nuisance! 1330 01:14:04,982 --> 01:14:07,485 We were shooing them back, you know, get rid of them.' 1331 01:14:07,568 --> 01:14:11,493 'The only Germans we were really fighting were the machine-gunners.' 1332 01:14:11,572 --> 01:14:15,202 'They were firing belt after belt at us and they never stopped firing. 1333 01:14:15,326 --> 01:14:18,170 The bloody cartridge cases were piled up in a heap.' 1334 01:14:18,245 --> 01:14:20,668 'They'd got all their best men on machine guns 1335 01:14:20,706 --> 01:14:22,583 and they fought to their deaths.' 1336 01:14:22,667 --> 01:14:24,920 It popped open, there was three Jerries there 1337 01:14:25,002 --> 01:14:28,723 in front of the machine gun and the bloody gun was pointing at me, 1338 01:14:28,839 --> 01:14:32,218 and I just swung the Lewis gun and I opened fire first. 1339 01:14:32,343 --> 01:14:34,516 It was split-second stuff. 1340 01:14:34,553 --> 01:14:36,681 Thankfully, I moved on.' 1341 01:14:36,722 --> 01:14:39,350 'As the war progressed, it was inevitable that 1342 01:14:39,433 --> 01:14:42,858 we developed the animal characteristic of killing.' 1343 01:14:42,895 --> 01:14:46,399 'Well, we'd got some young Lincolnshire lads, the 18-year-olds. 1344 01:14:46,524 --> 01:14:48,777 Machine-gunners were putting their hands up. 1345 01:14:48,859 --> 01:14:51,203 It didn't make a difference. They were killed.' 1346 01:14:53,364 --> 01:14:56,083 'I'm afraid there was a little bit of slaughter going on, 1347 01:14:56,200 --> 01:14:57,873 until we got in some sort of order.' 1348 01:14:57,910 --> 01:15:02,461 'Everybody was screaming, laying down, moaning and groaning 1349 01:15:02,540 --> 01:15:05,384 and eventually there was silence.' 1350 01:15:05,459 --> 01:15:08,383 'I found a German officer with his lung hanging out. 1351 01:15:08,421 --> 01:15:10,719 He was still alive, but he wasn't conscious. 1352 01:15:10,798 --> 01:15:14,644 You could see his lung was expanding and contracting as he was breathing. 1353 01:15:14,719 --> 01:15:17,768 It was the nearest I came to ever shooting a man point-blank, 1354 01:15:17,888 --> 01:15:19,936 but we had to go on.' 1355 01:15:20,057 --> 01:15:22,810 'One dead German leaning against a shell wall. 1356 01:15:22,893 --> 01:15:25,772 He was a handsome bloke, he reminded me of my father. 1357 01:15:25,896 --> 01:15:27,944 A shell had dissected him nicely 1358 01:15:28,065 --> 01:15:32,787 and it had taken the whole of the front of his chest down to his stomach, 1359 01:15:32,903 --> 01:15:34,576 neatly cut aside. 1360 01:15:34,655 --> 01:15:37,454 What a fantastic exhibition of anatomy.' 1361 01:15:39,618 --> 01:15:42,246 'The real shooting was over in about ten minutes.' 1362 01:15:42,288 --> 01:15:46,043 'There was about 100 of us coming out, instead of 600 who'd gone over, 1363 01:15:46,083 --> 01:15:48,461 and a band came to meet us. 1364 01:15:48,586 --> 01:15:50,259 It was a wonderful feeling. 1365 01:15:50,296 --> 01:15:53,891 I've been in a battle! And I'm so very proud about it.' 1366 01:15:54,967 --> 01:15:56,640 Hang on! 1367 01:15:56,761 --> 01:15:58,388 (GRUNTING) 1368 01:15:58,429 --> 01:16:00,602 - You got it? - Yeah. 1369 01:16:00,639 --> 01:16:04,269 'And if you'd anybody wounded or killed, 1370 01:16:04,310 --> 01:16:07,780 if you didn't get 'em out straightaway, 1371 01:16:07,813 --> 01:16:11,488 they went down in the soil and disappeared, it was so bad.' 1372 01:16:11,609 --> 01:16:13,327 That's it. 1373 01:16:14,445 --> 01:16:18,916 'Well, you had to ascertain whether a man was alive or not. 1374 01:16:18,949 --> 01:16:24,251 If he was dead, then he was no trouble, medically.' 1375 01:16:24,288 --> 01:16:27,462 -(FLIES BUZZING) -'l can't put that any clearer.' 1376 01:16:27,500 --> 01:16:29,423 Keep him level! 1377 01:16:30,753 --> 01:16:32,426 Give us some room! 1378 01:16:32,463 --> 01:16:35,933 'I felt some pain, I suppose, about an hour later. 1379 01:16:35,966 --> 01:16:39,641 I'd got these thigh boots on and the bullet had gone in sideways, 1380 01:16:39,678 --> 01:16:41,976 all the way down the leg, in, out, in, out, 1381 01:16:42,098 --> 01:16:44,977 and hit the ankle bone and turned upside-down.' 1382 01:16:45,101 --> 01:16:47,980 - All right, sir? - Oh, God! 1383 01:16:49,021 --> 01:16:51,991 Jesus! (GRUNTS) 1384 01:16:52,024 --> 01:16:55,198 'The sergeant major brought me a dixie of hot tea, 1385 01:16:55,319 --> 01:16:58,198 which was just what I needed, it went down beautifully.' 1386 01:16:59,323 --> 01:17:02,327 'And casualties started coming back, walking casualties, 1387 01:17:02,451 --> 01:17:05,170 men with their arms smashed up, legs trawling, 1388 01:17:05,204 --> 01:17:08,834 and they got back to different dressing stations the best way they could.' 1389 01:17:08,874 --> 01:17:11,673 'The walking wounded, they were coming down in droves. 1390 01:17:11,794 --> 01:17:14,843 Some were holding one another, some were walking on their own, 1391 01:17:14,880 --> 01:17:17,383 a light wound in the hand or arm, some were hobbling along, 1392 01:17:17,508 --> 01:17:20,853 some were looking quite cheerful as they'd been free of something.' 1393 01:17:20,970 --> 01:17:23,018 - Hello, Mum! -(CHUCKLES) 1394 01:17:23,139 --> 01:17:26,234 'My officer had said, "Are you all right, Kane?" 1395 01:17:26,350 --> 01:17:28,819 And I said, "Oh, yes, sir, I can still walk." 1396 01:17:28,853 --> 01:17:31,527 He said, "But you've been hit in the back of the head," 1397 01:17:31,564 --> 01:17:35,068 and he handed me quite a dose of rum.' 1398 01:17:35,192 --> 01:17:37,866 I got a whack on the tin pot. I thought my head were coming off. 1399 01:17:37,903 --> 01:17:41,703 'The worst cases were those who were shot through the chest. 1400 01:17:41,824 --> 01:17:44,828 Well, the difficulty of breathing, you see, 1401 01:17:44,869 --> 01:17:48,874 you only had field dressings, which every man carried.' 1402 01:17:48,998 --> 01:17:51,877 - Yeah, we'll have a better look at it. - Who's waiting, boys? 1403 01:17:51,917 --> 01:17:55,217 'You got a bottle of iodine and they'd tip it in the hole. 1404 01:17:55,337 --> 01:17:58,056 Oh, the pain was terrific.' 1405 01:17:58,090 --> 01:18:00,434 Well done. 1406 01:18:00,551 --> 01:18:02,929 How about that for luck, chum? 1407 01:18:03,053 --> 01:18:04,726 They shot right through it. 1408 01:18:08,017 --> 01:18:10,236 'I was not in very good shape at all, 1409 01:18:10,352 --> 01:18:13,526 and I was getting somewhere near the end of my tether. 1410 01:18:13,564 --> 01:18:15,737 I don't think I could go on much longer. 1411 01:18:15,858 --> 01:18:19,738 Every soldier, I suppose, had this breaking strain.' 1412 01:18:22,948 --> 01:18:25,076 The medics will be waiting for you. 1413 01:18:25,117 --> 01:18:27,245 Well clone, lads. Well clone. 1414 01:18:27,286 --> 01:18:29,584 That's it. 1415 01:18:29,705 --> 01:18:34,757 'We had some remarkable doctors who worked day and night 1416 01:18:34,793 --> 01:18:39,924 in various stations on the British front looking after the wounded.' 1417 01:18:41,091 --> 01:18:43,560 - Nice cup of Rosie Lee. - You all right, Jack? 1418 01:18:43,594 --> 01:18:46,598 'They seemed never to need any sleep 1419 01:18:46,722 --> 01:18:50,317 so, what they hadn't got in numbers, they made up in effort.' 1420 01:18:50,434 --> 01:18:52,812 We need a shell dressing. 1421 01:18:54,104 --> 01:18:56,448 'Both my officers, all my sergeants 1422 01:18:56,482 --> 01:18:59,406 and three-quarters of my men were killed or wounded.' 1423 01:18:59,443 --> 01:19:02,287 - Blighty wound. -'Their ranks were made up 1424 01:19:02,404 --> 01:19:06,284 with lads of 18 from England who'd been pushed out of factories.' 1425 01:19:06,325 --> 01:19:08,453 - Easy. That's it. -(COUGHS) 1426 01:19:08,494 --> 01:19:10,997 (SQUAWKING) 1427 01:19:11,121 --> 01:19:14,170 Bloody birds! Get off! Go on! 1428 01:19:14,291 --> 01:19:15,964 Go on, then. 1429 01:19:16,001 --> 01:19:19,426 'My mob were helping the battalion to bury these, 1430 01:19:19,463 --> 01:19:22,683 only little kids, they were, 17 or 18 years of age.' 1431 01:19:22,800 --> 01:19:27,101 "In sure and certain hope of the resurrection to eternal life 1432 01:19:27,137 --> 01:19:29,356 through our Lord Jesus Christ." 1433 01:19:33,269 --> 01:19:35,863 'A lot of those kids, that was their first action 1434 01:19:35,980 --> 01:19:38,699 -and they never knew any more.' - Bring 'em over there! 1435 01:19:38,816 --> 01:19:40,659 'So we'd wrapped 'em up in blankets, 1436 01:19:40,693 --> 01:19:44,448 dug a little shallow grave and put them in there.' 1437 01:19:45,656 --> 01:19:49,377 'I was putting a dressing on a German, and he was very, very shaky 1438 01:19:49,493 --> 01:19:51,837 and fearful of what we were going to do to him.' 1439 01:19:51,870 --> 01:19:54,123 'But they were more frightened than we were 1440 01:19:54,164 --> 01:19:56,667 and we were frightened, I don't mind telling you.' 1441 01:19:56,709 --> 01:19:59,337 'Mostly, they were just boys, as we were. 1442 01:19:59,378 --> 01:20:02,552 They seemed glad to be captured, they were out of it.' 1443 01:20:02,673 --> 01:20:04,175 - Is this yours? - Mine. 1444 01:20:04,300 --> 01:20:05,973 - This is his. - Ah, it's yours. 1445 01:20:06,010 --> 01:20:07,728 Put it in your pocket. 1446 01:20:07,845 --> 01:20:09,563 'There was a little German fella. 1447 01:20:09,680 --> 01:20:11,978 I gave him a cigarette and he was terrified, 1448 01:20:12,016 --> 01:20:14,360 and I was very sorry for him, really, you know. 1449 01:20:14,393 --> 01:20:16,066 He was only about 16. 1450 01:20:16,186 --> 01:20:18,905 And we had a chinwag and I just took his pocket watch. 1451 01:20:19,023 --> 01:20:22,027 You know, it was a normal thing. We used to rob them, you see.' 1452 01:20:22,151 --> 01:20:24,404 Right, let's go. Pick him up! 1453 01:20:24,528 --> 01:20:28,499 'Yes, they were underfed and they were in very poor shape.' 1454 01:20:28,532 --> 01:20:30,660 Come on now, lads. Pick him up. Come on! 1455 01:20:30,701 --> 01:20:33,705 'And, funnily enough, five or six German prisoners came along 1456 01:20:33,829 --> 01:20:37,208 and they helped carry me and I got another six watches 1457 01:20:37,249 --> 01:20:40,002 because I robbed these fellas who helped me down.' 1458 01:20:40,044 --> 01:20:42,888 'Every time we captured prisoners, 1459 01:20:42,921 --> 01:20:47,017 a number of German prisoners would immediately take up stretcher duty. 1460 01:20:47,051 --> 01:20:50,396 Now, I'm sure the Geneva Convention never required them to do that.' 1461 01:20:50,429 --> 01:20:52,773 - There you go, lads. - I've got him. Steady. 1462 01:20:52,890 --> 01:20:55,359 - Feet up. - You're all right, chum. That's it. 1463 01:20:55,392 --> 01:20:58,191 - Come. - Keep going. 1464 01:20:58,228 --> 01:21:00,697 'I took about a dozen prisoners back with me, 1465 01:21:00,731 --> 01:21:03,450 who were all unarmed and I just had my old gun.' 1466 01:21:03,567 --> 01:21:06,195 'In some cases, there were a whole lot of Germans 1467 01:21:06,236 --> 01:21:08,364 without even a Tommy with them.' 1468 01:21:08,405 --> 01:21:14,538 'Oh, they were really cowed they were, yes, they were very subdued.' 1469 01:21:14,578 --> 01:21:16,251 Come along now! 1470 01:21:16,372 --> 01:21:20,593 'I slept next to a German man who'd been wounded in the arm... 1471 01:21:22,378 --> 01:21:25,882 ...and, to my amazement, he started talking to me in English. 1472 01:21:25,923 --> 01:21:29,598 And he said he'd been a waiter at the Savoy.' 1473 01:21:32,888 --> 01:21:36,313 'I mean, I don't think the average British soldier ever had 1474 01:21:36,433 --> 01:21:39,733 any deep feelings regarding revenge against a German. 1475 01:21:39,770 --> 01:21:41,772 He admired him and respected him.' 1476 01:21:41,814 --> 01:21:43,942 Go on, show him. 1477 01:21:43,982 --> 01:21:48,829 'As the war went on, I felt as much sympathy for them as I did for myself.' 1478 01:21:48,946 --> 01:21:51,574 'The German, I always thought, was a good fighter. 1479 01:21:51,615 --> 01:21:55,119 I'd sooner have him on my side than on the opposite side.' 1480 01:21:55,160 --> 01:21:57,754 'Some of the Germans thought we ought to be fighting 1481 01:21:57,788 --> 01:21:59,836 with them against the French and Russians, 1482 01:21:59,957 --> 01:22:02,801 but none of them thought we ought to be fighting each other.' 1483 01:22:02,835 --> 01:22:05,930 - Keep on moving forward! -'You see, the German had been 1484 01:22:05,963 --> 01:22:07,840 an unknown horde 1485 01:22:07,965 --> 01:22:11,811 with their coal-scuttle helmets, and then we met them.' 1486 01:22:11,927 --> 01:22:14,851 'Well, the German soldier, he was a very nice fella as a rule. 1487 01:22:14,972 --> 01:22:17,771 I think he was really a barber or a shopkeeper or something 1488 01:22:17,808 --> 01:22:19,981 and, the same as us, he was stuck in uniform.' 1489 01:22:20,102 --> 01:22:22,355 - You're too tall. - Get you next time, Jerry! 1490 01:22:22,479 --> 01:22:24,982 'We got on very well together, actually, 1491 01:22:25,107 --> 01:22:27,485 and they used to mix in with us.' 1492 01:22:27,609 --> 01:22:30,203 - Want your hat back? - Give it him back! 1493 01:22:30,320 --> 01:22:33,665 - What do you reckon? -'They were decent sort of family people 1494 01:22:33,782 --> 01:22:36,331 and thought a great deal of their children.' 1495 01:22:36,452 --> 01:22:38,625 - Let's try yours. -(RIPPLES OF LAUGHTER) 1496 01:22:38,662 --> 01:22:41,506 'They didn't seem to bear any malice against us. 1497 01:22:41,623 --> 01:22:44,502 They'd had to do what they were told, like us.' 1498 01:22:45,836 --> 01:22:48,180 Go on, go on tracking. 1499 01:22:48,213 --> 01:22:50,682 'I couldn't speak German, but some could 1500 01:22:50,799 --> 01:22:53,348 and the Germans, some of them could speak English. 1501 01:22:53,469 --> 01:22:55,517 Anyhow, we could understand each other.' 1502 01:22:55,554 --> 01:22:58,478 'The general agreement when we were talking to Germans 1503 01:22:58,515 --> 01:23:02,861 was how useless war was and why did it have to happen?' 1504 01:23:02,895 --> 01:23:05,068 - Taking our photos. - Hey! Here! 1505 01:23:05,189 --> 01:23:07,817 'When you're passing bodies all day long, 1506 01:23:07,858 --> 01:23:10,862 it's bound to have an effect on whoever it is, isn't it?' 1507 01:23:10,903 --> 01:23:14,157 'This big, fat German was lying in a street, you know, 1508 01:23:14,198 --> 01:23:16,872 -his stomach was all gassed up.' -(FLIES BUZZING) 1509 01:23:16,992 --> 01:23:19,586 'His intestines were lying out on his belly 1510 01:23:19,703 --> 01:23:22,206 and somebody had stuck a pipe in his mouth! 1511 01:23:22,247 --> 01:23:24,875 Yeah, we all told him t0 get up! (CHUCKLES)' 1512 01:23:25,417 --> 01:23:27,340 Jerries come through this way. 1513 01:23:27,377 --> 01:23:30,881 'German troops were very brave and very stubborn.' 1514 01:23:30,923 --> 01:23:34,598 'The Germans fought rearguard actions almost back to the Rhine 1515 01:23:34,718 --> 01:23:38,848 and regiment after regiment was smashed up and cut about.' 1516 01:23:38,889 --> 01:23:41,859 'We had an idea that they were beginning to crack.' 1517 01:23:41,892 --> 01:23:45,613 -(SHOUTING IN GERMAN) -'l'd say that they were, if anything, 1518 01:23:45,729 --> 01:23:47,072 rather despondent. 1519 01:23:47,105 --> 01:23:48,573 They knew they had lost the war.' 1520 01:23:48,690 --> 01:23:52,570 'We, as front-line soldiers, knew they were giving up.' 1521 01:23:52,611 --> 01:23:57,242 'Quite frankly, the Germans were fed up with the whole thing.' 1522 01:23:57,366 --> 01:24:01,041 'And, gradually, that is how the war itself came to an end.' 1523 01:24:01,078 --> 01:24:06,209 'I got the impression that most of the German soldiers couldn't care less 1524 01:24:06,250 --> 01:24:08,548 who won, as long as the war finished.' 1525 01:24:08,585 --> 01:24:12,761 'Of course, that's what everybody was thinking about then. We'd had enough.' 1526 01:24:12,881 --> 01:24:15,634 'And after a time, perhaps, nobody cared.' 1527 01:24:15,759 --> 01:24:18,262 All right, boys, here it comes. 1528 01:24:18,303 --> 01:24:21,603 - We're in the pictures! (LAUGHS) - Shush. 1529 01:24:21,723 --> 01:24:23,976 'There was a fella in the war called Rumour, 1530 01:24:24,101 --> 01:24:27,071 he knows everything, you see, and Mr Rumour told us that 1531 01:24:27,104 --> 01:24:29,983 the Germans were also negotiating for an armistice.' 1532 01:24:30,107 --> 01:24:32,280 'There was a huge poster. 1533 01:24:32,317 --> 01:24:35,742 "All hostilities will cease on the Western Front 1534 01:24:35,779 --> 01:24:40,250 at 11 o'clock on 11th November, 1918." 1535 01:24:40,284 --> 01:24:42,628 So we said to each other, "What day is it?" 1536 01:24:42,744 --> 01:24:45,964 And somebody discovered it was November 11th!' 1537 01:24:46,081 --> 01:24:47,298 Smile for the camera! 1538 01:24:47,416 --> 01:24:49,919 'Then we had to shine our boots and clean our buttons. 1539 01:24:49,960 --> 01:24:52,839 - We knew the war was over then...' -(CHEERING) 1540 01:24:52,963 --> 01:24:56,263 '..and we were quite confident that we would be there when it ended.' 1541 01:24:56,300 --> 01:25:00,806 'This proclamation was read out, stating that the hostilities would cease 1542 01:25:00,929 --> 01:25:05,480 from 11 that morning, and actually there wasn't a cheer of any kind raised 1543 01:25:05,517 --> 01:25:07,190 when that was read out.' 1544 01:25:07,311 --> 01:25:11,111 'At 11 o'clock, the noise of the gunfire just rolled away, 1545 01:25:11,148 --> 01:25:13,526 like a peal of thunder in the distance.' 1546 01:25:13,650 --> 01:25:17,154 (GUNFIRE AND SHELL FIRE FADES) 1547 01:25:21,325 --> 01:25:23,373 (INDISTINCT CHATTER) 1548 01:25:26,204 --> 01:25:29,799 'Never heard it being quiet. Now it was dead silent.' 1549 01:25:30,709 --> 01:25:34,054 'You were so dazed that you could stand up straight and not be shot.' 1550 01:25:34,171 --> 01:25:35,844 'It was eerie.' 1551 01:25:37,341 --> 01:25:39,719 'There was a feeling of relief and gladness, 1552 01:25:39,843 --> 01:25:42,687 I suppose, but no celebration.' 1553 01:25:42,721 --> 01:25:45,474 'The staff officer shut his watch up and said, 1554 01:25:45,515 --> 01:25:48,064 "I wonder what we're all going to do next."' 1555 01:25:48,185 --> 01:25:50,688 'There was no demonstration of any kind, 1556 01:25:50,729 --> 01:25:53,858 nobody said a word, everybody just slumped away.' 1557 01:25:54,733 --> 01:25:58,203 'The only way we could have celebrated as regards to a liquid 1558 01:25:58,236 --> 01:26:00,159 would have been tea, that's all.' 1559 01:26:00,197 --> 01:26:03,326 'It was one of the flattest moments of our lives. 1560 01:26:03,367 --> 01:26:05,495 We just couldn't comprehend it.' 1561 01:26:06,912 --> 01:26:10,542 'We had that sort of feeling as though we'd been kicked out of a job.' 1562 01:26:10,666 --> 01:26:13,886 'To some of us, it was practically the only life we'd known. 1563 01:26:14,002 --> 01:26:16,380 What was one going to do next?' 1564 01:26:16,505 --> 01:26:19,008 'It was just like being made redundant.' 1565 01:26:19,049 --> 01:26:21,893 'That was very much the feeling of everyone.' 1566 01:26:21,927 --> 01:26:25,227 'We were thoroughly upset, we'd all got no work to go to. 1567 01:26:25,347 --> 01:26:27,065 "I don't want to go back."' 1568 01:26:27,182 --> 01:26:32,063 'There was no cheering, no singing, we were drained of all emotion. 1569 01:26:32,187 --> 01:26:36,533 We were too far gone, too exhausted to enjoy it.' 1570 01:26:36,566 --> 01:26:40,446 'All things come to an end and even a drama can go on too long. 1571 01:26:41,571 --> 01:26:44,745 It didn't end with a whimper, but something very much like one.' 1572 01:27:00,882 --> 01:27:02,555 'I was very happy to leave. 1573 01:27:02,592 --> 01:27:04,720 I'd had enough, you know. 1574 01:27:04,761 --> 01:27:07,765 After a time, it begins to wear on one, you know.' 1575 01:27:07,889 --> 01:27:11,109 "'Thank goodness the bloody thing is over," that was all.' 1576 01:27:11,226 --> 01:27:15,902 'As far as I was concerned, I was out of it and now the next step in life.' 1577 01:27:15,939 --> 01:27:18,909 'The first thing we did was write home, say we were all right, 1578 01:27:18,942 --> 01:27:21,445 making sure we got the date on the envelope right.' 1579 01:27:21,486 --> 01:27:24,581 'To someone like myself, who was interested in nature, 1580 01:27:24,614 --> 01:27:27,288 after the horrors that man had made of the battlefront, 1581 01:27:27,409 --> 01:27:30,413 I was immensely delighted to find shell holes in which I picked 1582 01:27:30,454 --> 01:27:32,582 lilies of the valley and larkspur. 1583 01:27:32,622 --> 01:27:36,126 And I pursued Cambervvell Beauties and swallowtail butterflies 1584 01:27:36,168 --> 01:27:38,091 along the banks of the Aisne River.' 1585 01:27:38,128 --> 01:27:40,301 'We went to Boulogne. 1586 01:27:40,338 --> 01:27:42,432 By the way, we came home with full pack. 1587 01:27:42,466 --> 01:27:46,471 The only thing we left behind was the bullets, we had to discard those, 1588 01:27:46,511 --> 01:27:48,684 but we still kept our rifle. 1589 01:27:48,805 --> 01:27:50,853 We went over to Folkestone, 1590 01:27:50,974 --> 01:27:56,105 and there were long trestle tables with very kind ladies. 1591 01:27:56,146 --> 01:28:01,277 They gave you a sausage roll, or a bun, and a cup of tea and that was welcome.' 1592 01:28:01,318 --> 01:28:05,664 'We entrained to Victoria and there we broke up.' 1593 01:28:05,781 --> 01:28:08,830 'We went to the barracks and we just dumped rifles, 1594 01:28:08,867 --> 01:28:14,124 bayonets and everything and there were a lot of suits on display, hats, shoes. 1595 01:28:14,164 --> 01:28:18,670 You could tell her which one you wanted, style and colour and they measured you.' 1596 01:28:19,836 --> 01:28:23,340 'I was horrified by what I saw when I came back here 1597 01:28:23,465 --> 01:28:25,513 and when one tried to get a job.' 1598 01:28:25,634 --> 01:28:29,013 'There was mass unemployment. I thought, "This isn't much of a life."' 1599 01:28:29,137 --> 01:28:32,186 'It was a difficult thing to realise you're of no commercial value.' 1600 01:28:32,307 --> 01:28:36,403 'It was a shame, the way ex-servicemen were treated. You weren't wanted. 1601 01:28:36,520 --> 01:28:39,820 Some places said, "No ex-servicemen need apply," 1602 01:28:39,856 --> 01:28:42,860 and that was the sort of attitude you were up against.' 1603 01:28:42,984 --> 01:28:46,033 'One of my pals was killed and, when I went home, 1604 01:28:46,154 --> 01:28:48,498 the first thing that I did was go to his mother, 1605 01:28:48,532 --> 01:28:51,752 who, if she'd had a frying pan, she'd have hit me. 1606 01:28:51,868 --> 01:28:54,337 Her son had been killed and I'd come back alive. 1607 01:28:54,371 --> 01:28:56,044 She was very bitter.' 1608 01:28:56,164 --> 01:28:57,837 'The first night I came home, 1609 01:28:57,874 --> 01:29:02,550 I got into my old bed, the first bed I'd laid in since ljoined the army. 1610 01:29:02,671 --> 01:29:05,265 When Mother brought my cup of tea up in the morning, 1611 01:29:05,382 --> 01:29:07,259 she found me fast asleep on the floor.' 1612 01:29:07,384 --> 01:29:09,182 'People never talked about the war. 1613 01:29:09,219 --> 01:29:12,063 It was a thing that had no conversational value at all. 1614 01:29:12,180 --> 01:29:14,899 Most people were absolutely disinterested.' 1615 01:29:14,933 --> 01:29:19,609 'When I got home, my father and my mother didn't seem interested. 1616 01:29:19,729 --> 01:29:22,528 They hadn't any conception of what it was like.' 1617 01:29:22,566 --> 01:29:26,412 'And there was no reason why any one of us millions should have been favoured 1618 01:29:26,528 --> 01:29:29,532 with a "thank you very much" for having got a little bit muddy 1619 01:29:29,573 --> 01:29:31,450 and out of touch with good manners.' 1620 01:29:31,575 --> 01:29:36,752 'And on occasions when I did talk about it, my father would argue points of fact 1621 01:29:36,788 --> 01:29:39,962 that he couldn't have known about, because he wasn't there.' 1622 01:29:40,083 --> 01:29:43,087 'Every soldier I've spoken to experienced the same thing. 1623 01:29:43,128 --> 01:29:45,927 We were a race apart from the civilians, 1624 01:29:46,047 --> 01:29:49,301 and you could speak to your comrades, and they understood 1625 01:29:49,426 --> 01:29:52,305 but, the civilians, it was just a waste of time.' 1626 01:29:52,429 --> 01:29:55,729 'However nice and sympathetic they were, 1627 01:29:55,765 --> 01:29:58,564 attempts of well-meaning people to sympathise 1628 01:29:58,602 --> 01:30:03,108 reflected the fact that they didn't really understand at all.' 1629 01:30:03,148 --> 01:30:06,778 'I think the magnitude was just beyond their comprehension. 1630 01:30:06,902 --> 01:30:10,281 They didn't understand that people that you'd known 1631 01:30:10,405 --> 01:30:14,000 and played football with were just killed beside you. 1632 01:30:14,117 --> 01:30:19,499 My friend who enlisted with me lay there like a sack of rags until he went black 1633 01:30:19,623 --> 01:30:21,796 before anybody troubled to bury him.' 1634 01:30:21,917 --> 01:30:25,296 'They knew that people came back covered with mud and lice, 1635 01:30:25,420 --> 01:30:28,469 but they'd no idea of the strain of sitting in a trench 1636 01:30:28,506 --> 01:30:30,975 and waiting for something to drop on one's head.' 1637 01:30:31,092 --> 01:30:34,642 'You couldn't convey the awful state of things, 1638 01:30:34,763 --> 01:30:37,858 the way you lived like animals and behaved like animals. 1639 01:30:37,974 --> 01:30:42,821 People didn't seem to realise what a terrible thing war was.' 1640 01:30:42,854 --> 01:30:47,485 'l think they felt that the war was one continual cavalry charge. 1641 01:30:47,609 --> 01:30:50,158 They hadn't any conception. And how could they?' 1642 01:30:50,195 --> 01:30:52,994 'Well, it started off in a reasonable manner, 1643 01:30:53,031 --> 01:30:55,625 it was people fighting on horseback with swords, 1644 01:30:55,659 --> 01:30:57,832 but it developed into something ghastly. 1645 01:30:57,953 --> 01:31:00,832 People don't realise the potential of military equipment. 1646 01:31:00,956 --> 01:31:04,051 A man's life wasn't worth anything at the end of the war.' 1647 01:31:04,167 --> 01:31:06,295 'We were none of us heroes, you know. 1648 01:31:06,336 --> 01:31:09,340 We didn't like this business of being killed at all.' 1649 01:31:09,381 --> 01:31:12,180 'When we were talking among ourselves, we used to say, 1650 01:31:12,217 --> 01:31:14,720 "Christ! They won't have any more wars like this!"' 1651 01:31:14,844 --> 01:31:19,190 'How did we endure it? The answer must be partly the fear of fear, 1652 01:31:19,307 --> 01:31:21,355 the fear of being found afraid. 1653 01:31:21,476 --> 01:31:24,150 Another is belief in human beings, your colleague, 1654 01:31:24,187 --> 01:31:26,030 and there's no letting him down.' 1655 01:31:26,064 --> 01:31:30,535 'There may be right on both sides, but I think war is horrible. 1656 01:31:30,568 --> 01:31:33,367 Everything should be done to avoid war.' 1657 01:31:34,364 --> 01:31:37,083 'I still can't see the justification for it. 1658 01:31:37,200 --> 01:31:39,248 It was all really rather horrible. 1659 01:31:39,369 --> 01:31:44,000 I think history will decide, in the end, that it was not worthwhile.' 1660 01:31:46,543 --> 01:31:50,389 'The only thing that really did annoy me was, when I went back to work 1661 01:31:50,505 --> 01:31:53,349 after I'd got demobilised, I went down the stores, 1662 01:31:53,383 --> 01:31:56,683 and the bloke behind the counter was a bloke who I knew. 1663 01:31:56,720 --> 01:31:59,894 He said, "Where have you been? On nights?"' 1664 01:32:44,309 --> 01:32:47,984 (MAN WHISTLING MADEMOISELLE FROM ARMENTIERES) 1665 01:33:00,950 --> 01:33:02,998 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1666 01:33:03,119 --> 01:33:05,121 ♪ Parlez-vous 1667 01:33:05,163 --> 01:33:07,131 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1668 01:33:07,248 --> 01:33:09,125 ♪ Parlez-vous 1669 01:33:09,167 --> 01:33:11,261 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1670 01:33:11,294 --> 01:33:13,342 ♪ She hasn't been kissed in 40 years 1671 01:33:13,463 --> 01:33:15,841 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1672 01:33:17,467 --> 01:33:19,595 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1673 01:33:19,636 --> 01:33:21,309 ♪ Parlez-vous 1674 01:33:21,429 --> 01:33:23,682 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1675 01:33:23,807 --> 01:33:25,480 ♪ Parlez-vous 1676 01:33:25,600 --> 01:33:27,648 ♪ Our top kick in Armentiéres 1677 01:33:27,685 --> 01:33:29,813 ♪ Broke the spell of 40 years 1678 01:33:29,938 --> 01:33:32,657 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1679 01:33:33,858 --> 01:33:36,111 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1680 01:33:36,152 --> 01:33:38,029 ♪ Parlez-vous 1681 01:33:38,154 --> 01:33:40,156 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1682 01:33:40,281 --> 01:33:42,033 ♪ Parlez-vous 1683 01:33:42,158 --> 01:33:44,126 ♪ You didn't have to know her long 1684 01:33:44,160 --> 01:33:46,458 ♪ To know the reason men go wrong 1685 01:33:46,496 --> 01:33:48,999 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1686 01:33:50,500 --> 01:33:52,628 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1687 01:33:52,669 --> 01:33:54,512 ♪ Parlez-vous 1688 01:33:54,629 --> 01:33:56,723 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1689 01:33:56,840 --> 01:33:58,513 ♪ Parlez-vous 1690 01:33:58,633 --> 01:34:00,806 ♪ She's the hardest working girl in town 1691 01:34:00,844 --> 01:34:02,846 ♪ She makes her living upside-down 1692 01:34:02,971 --> 01:34:05,394 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1693 01:34:11,187 --> 01:34:13,235 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1694 01:34:13,356 --> 01:34:15,074 ♪ Parlez-vous 1695 01:34:15,191 --> 01:34:17,364 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1696 01:34:17,485 --> 01:34:19,158 ♪ Parlez-vous 1697 01:34:19,195 --> 01:34:21,539 ♪ She sold her kisses for ten francs each 1698 01:34:21,573 --> 01:34:23,575 ♪ Soft and juicy, as sweet as a peach 1699 01:34:23,700 --> 01:34:26,169 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1700 01:34:27,704 --> 01:34:29,832 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1701 01:34:29,873 --> 01:34:31,875 ♪ Parlez-vous 1702 01:34:31,916 --> 01:34:34,010 1703 01:34:34,043 --> 01:34:35,716 1704 01:34:35,753 --> 01:34:38,051 ♪ Madame, you've got a daughter fair 1705 01:34:38,089 --> 01:34:40,091 ♪ To wash a soldier's underwear 1706 01:34:40,216 --> 01:34:42,560 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1707 01:34:44,345 --> 01:34:46,393 ♪ I didn't care what came of me 1708 01:34:46,431 --> 01:34:48,229 ♪ Parlez-vous 1709 01:34:48,266 --> 01:34:50,519 1710 01:34:50,560 --> 01:34:52,278 1711 01:34:52,395 --> 01:34:54,523 ♪ I didn't care what came of me 1712 01:34:54,564 --> 01:34:56,692 ♪ So I went and joined the infantry 1713 01:34:56,733 --> 01:34:59,236 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1714 01:35:33,811 --> 01:35:35,939 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1715 01:35:35,980 --> 01:35:37,903 ♪ Parlez-vous 1716 01:35:37,941 --> 01:35:39,989 1717 01:35:40,109 --> 01:35:41,952 ♪ Parlez-vous 1718 01:35:41,986 --> 01:35:44,114 ♪ Went in her bed, she sure was fun 1719 01:35:44,155 --> 01:35:46,123 ♪ Working her arse like a Maxim gun 1720 01:35:46,157 --> 01:35:48,785 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1721 01:35:50,286 --> 01:35:52,334 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1722 01:35:52,455 --> 01:35:54,298 ♪ Parlez-vous 1723 01:35:54,415 --> 01:35:56,463 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1724 01:35:56,501 --> 01:35:58,299 ♪ Parlez-vous 1725 01:35:58,419 --> 01:36:00,467 ♪ I had more fun than I could tell 1726 01:36:00,505 --> 01:36:02,633 ♪ Beneath the sheets with Mademoiselle 1727 01:36:02,674 --> 01:36:05,143 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1728 01:36:06,803 --> 01:36:08,851 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1729 01:36:08,972 --> 01:36:10,815 ♪ Parlez-vous 1730 01:36:10,932 --> 01:36:12,980 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1731 01:36:13,017 --> 01:36:14,815 ♪ Parlez-vous 1732 01:36:14,852 --> 01:36:16,980 ♪ She'd give a wink and cry, "Oui, oui! 1733 01:36:17,021 --> 01:36:18,989 ♪ Let's see what you can do with me!" 1734 01:36:19,107 --> 01:36:21,610 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1735 01:36:23,027 --> 01:36:25,325 ♪ They say they mechanised the war 1736 01:36:25,446 --> 01:36:26,948 ♪ Parlez-vous 1737 01:36:26,990 --> 01:36:29,334 ♪ They say they mechanised the war 1738 01:36:29,450 --> 01:36:31,168 ♪ Parlez-vous 1739 01:36:31,286 --> 01:36:33,334 ♪ They say they mechanised the war 1740 01:36:33,371 --> 01:36:35,465 ♪ So what the hell are we marching for? 1741 01:36:35,498 --> 01:36:38,172 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1742 01:36:56,185 --> 01:36:58,233 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1743 01:36:58,354 --> 01:37:00,197 ♪ Parlez-vous 1744 01:37:00,231 --> 01:37:02,359 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1745 01:37:02,483 --> 01:37:04,030 ♪ Parlez-vous 1746 01:37:04,068 --> 01:37:06,366 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1747 01:37:06,404 --> 01:37:08,372 ♪ She hasn't been kissed for 4O years 1748 01:37:08,489 --> 01:37:11,038 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1749 01:37:12,535 --> 01:37:14,754 ♪ The officers get all the steak 1750 01:37:14,871 --> 01:37:16,418 ♪ Parlez-vous 1751 01:37:16,539 --> 01:37:18,712 ♪ The officers get all the steak 1752 01:37:18,750 --> 01:37:20,377 ♪ Parlez-vous 1753 01:37:20,501 --> 01:37:22,549 ♪ The officers get all the steak 1754 01:37:22,670 --> 01:37:24,889 ♪ And all we get is a belly ache 1755 01:37:24,922 --> 01:37:27,425 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1756 01:37:29,052 --> 01:37:31,180 ♪ You might forget the gas and shells 1757 01:37:31,220 --> 01:37:32,893 ♪ Parlez-vous 1758 01:37:33,014 --> 01:37:35,267 ♪ You might forget the gas and shells 1759 01:37:35,391 --> 01:37:36,938 ♪ Parlez-vous 1760 01:37:37,060 --> 01:37:39,279 ♪ You might forget the groans and yells 1761 01:37:39,395 --> 01:37:41,568 ♪ But you never forget the mademoiselles 1762 01:37:41,606 --> 01:37:44,075 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1763 01:38:02,126 --> 01:38:04,128 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1764 01:38:04,253 --> 01:38:06,221 ♪ Parlez-vous 1765 01:38:06,255 --> 01:38:08,303 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1766 01:38:08,424 --> 01:38:10,301 ♪ Parlez-vous 1767 01:38:10,426 --> 01:38:12,394 ♪ Many and many a married man 1768 01:38:12,428 --> 01:38:14,430 ♪ Wants to go back to France again 1769 01:38:14,472 --> 01:38:16,975 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1770 01:38:18,601 --> 01:38:20,820 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1771 01:38:20,937 --> 01:38:22,280 ♪ Parlez-vous 1772 01:38:22,397 --> 01:38:24,775 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1773 01:38:24,899 --> 01:38:26,617 ♪ Parlez-vous 1774 01:38:26,734 --> 01:38:28,907 ♪ Just blow your nose and dry your tears 1775 01:38:28,945 --> 01:38:30,913 ♪ We'll all be back in a few short years 1776 01:38:30,947 --> 01:38:33,496 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1777 01:38:35,118 --> 01:38:37,120 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1778 01:38:37,245 --> 01:38:38,622 ♪ Parlez-vous 1779 01:38:38,746 --> 01:38:41,169 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1780 01:38:41,290 --> 01:38:42,917 ♪ Parlez-vous 1781 01:38:42,959 --> 01:38:45,132 ♪ I fell in love with her at sight 1782 01:38:45,253 --> 01:38:47,301 ♪ And wet myself for half the night 1783 01:38:47,338 --> 01:38:49,807 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1784 01:38:51,509 --> 01:38:53,603 ♪ Mademoiselle from Armentieres 1785 01:38:53,636 --> 01:38:55,309 ♪ Parlez-vous 1786 01:38:55,346 --> 01:38:57,815 1787 01:38:57,849 --> 01:38:59,647 1788 01:38:59,684 --> 01:39:01,778 ♪ You might forget the gas and shell 1789 01:39:01,811 --> 01:39:03,688 ♪ You never forget the mademoiselle 1790 01:39:03,813 --> 01:39:06,316 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous 1791 01:39:07,817 --> 01:39:09,819 ♪ You might forget the gas and shell 1792 01:39:09,944 --> 01:39:11,992 ♪ You'll never forget the mademoiselle 1793 01:39:12,113 --> 01:39:14,616 ♪ Hinky dinky, parlez-vous ♪ 1793 01:39:15,305 --> 01:39:21,559 Craving big poker? 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