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WILLIAM SHATNER:
A horrific plane crash,
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deep in the jungle.
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A struggle for survival
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in freezing water.
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And a daring escape
from a submarine that sank
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to the bottom of the ocean.
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How are some people
able to cheat death?
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Is it just a matter
of dumb luck?
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Or do we all have
powerful survival instincts
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locked within us that come alive
when we need them the most?
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Can the harrowing
stories of individuals
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who looked death in the eye,
and lived to tell the tale,
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give us clues about
how to dodge our own demise?
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Well, that is
what we'll try and find out.
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♪ ♪
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SHATNER: Banker
Annette Herfkens, her fiancé,
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and 29 other passengers
board a small plane
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and head to the coastal town
of Nha Trang for a vacation.
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But what is supposed to be
a short, routine flight...
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...is about to turn
into a nightmare.
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When I saw the plane,
I didn't want to enter it
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because it was awfully small.
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I've, I am very claustrophobic
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and I said, "There's no way
I'm entering that plane.
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I'm not going to go in there.
It looks old, but mostly small."
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And my fiancé said,
"Well, don't worry,
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you have to,
it's only 55 minutes,"
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and "Do it for us because I have
this beautiful vacation planned
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"and I knew you were gonna
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speak up about it
but please, please do it."
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And then we entered it
from the back of the plane.
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So we sat down, we were told
to buckle our seat belts.
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And they were going across
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and then, I was
restrained enough as it is,
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and I did not buckle
my seat belt.
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And the flight took off.
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For the next 30 minutes,
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I just kept
counting the minutes,
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and the 50th minute,
there was a gigantic drop
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and people were screaming,
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and my fiancé
looked at me and said,
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"Well, this I don't like."
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And then another drop.
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More people screaming.
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He reached for my hand
and I reached for his
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and then everything went black.
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I woke up to this
eerie sound of the jungle.
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(birds chittering)
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The plane broke in three pieces,
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the wings, the fuselage,
and the cockpit.
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Then I looked at my left
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and there I saw my fiancé
still strapped in his seat.
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He was dead.
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SHATNER:
In shock,
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grief-stricken, and with her
legs and hips broken,
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Annette painfully pulls herself
out of the wreckage...
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...only to find that every
passenger on board has perished.
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Except her.
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It all seems impossible.
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In this plane crash,
Annette was the only survivor.
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Of 31 people, she's
the only one that survived.
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Did it have to do
with just the randomness
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of her being in the right seat,
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that hit the ground
in just the right place
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that had just the right
structural integrity
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based on how they crashed?
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Or could it be something else?
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JEFF WISE:
When we hear
stories of survival,
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we sort of imagine,
can I learn from that?
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Could I do that?
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And many times we can't.
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Maybe they're lucky
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or maybe there's just
some X factor
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that we'll never really
get our heads around.
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THOMAS COYNE:
We know the safest places
to sit on a plane,
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and we know, generally,
our seat belts will save us
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in the event of a crash.
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But this was the one instance
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where the seat belt
not being attached saved her.
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Who could have predicted that?
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There's too many
variables at play.
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♪ ♪
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SHATNER:
Miles from civilization,
injured and alone,
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Annette finds herself
in an unbearable predicament.
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But somehow, from somewhere
deep inside her,
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she finds a way to survive.
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I felt this enormous
energy lifting me up.
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I would just be quiet...
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...and listen to my instincts,
just make it complete quiet.
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You breathe out all the way...
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...and then you listen
to this other voice
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we all carry inside of us.
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(birds chirping)
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I completely felt
that things will work out.
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What's interesting to me
about this case
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is that Annette
attributes her survival
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to hearing
this mysterious voice.
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I can only imagine
what that must've been like.
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The plane has crashed
in the Vietnam jungle,
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you have a broken hip,
you're surrounded by wreckage,
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dead bodies,
and here you have this voice
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telling you, "Don't lose hope."
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I just listened to that voice
and I acted on it.
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And it said, "Make a plan,
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"divide it in achievable steps.
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"And when you achieve
one of those steps,
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congratulate yourself."
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That's exactly what I did.
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I realized that I was
gonna need some water.
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So I looked
at the wing of the plane,
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insolation material,
some kind of foam.
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So I figured
that could work as a sponge.
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And then
I made seven little bowls
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and I lined them up
for it to rain.
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And then it rained
and it poured.
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Then I was very happy
to see these little bowls
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filling up with water.
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Tasted like the best champagne
as you can imagine.
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She was able to survive
the plane crash,
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but maybe what was
even more remarkable is
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that she was able to survive
eight days in the jungle...
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...with no prior jungle
training or experience,
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and no conditioning
to be in the jungle.
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Of course,
being the only survivor,
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it's an incredible story,
but then the survival happens
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because you hear a voice
directing you through it.
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It just shows
how we know very little
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about what happens
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in these kind of encounters
and situations.
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On the afternoon
on the eighth day,
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out of nowhere...
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...men came up the mountain...
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Hey, there it is!
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HERFKENS:
...and they showed me
a passenger list
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and I had to point out my name.
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I just realized
how amazing it was
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that they actually found me.
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SHATNER:
It may have been random chance
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that allowed Annette to live
through the horrific crash.
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But what was
the so-called "voice"
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that gave her the guidance
she needed to survive?
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TAYLOR:
A lot of people when they get
into dangerous situations
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they'll say that they had
a voice tell them
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that they needed to do this,
they needed to do that.
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We don't really know,
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scientifically,
where these inner voices
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that tell you to get out
of the dangerous situation
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are coming from.
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Is it some kind of deep-seeded
electro-biochemical force
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that's innate in the brain
that suddenly gets activated?
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Or is it something
that comes from outside?
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Is it faith from an outside
power that brings that energy
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to the person
who's in desperate need?
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Whether or not you view yourself
as strong and capable,
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you have the potential
to tap into these things
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and get in tune
with these strengths,
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with these capabilities,
whether you know it or not.
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Maybe there is something
to this inner voice
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telling them the right way
and maybe some people
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have a better
inner voice than others.
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And maybe there's just
some dumb luck involved.
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It's possible that it's just
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one of those
unexplained mysteries
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that we're never
gonna figure out.
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We all have
that voice inside of us
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that we can listen to,
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and in extreme situations,
it's always there to help you.
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Just listen to that voice.
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Be silent.
It's there, it's there.
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SHATNER:
Did the mysterious voice
that guided Annette Herfkens
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to safety come
from her subconscious?
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Or did she hear something
that was far more mysterious?
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We may never know for certain.
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But perhaps further clues about
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extraordinary powers of survival
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lie in the story of a man
who reportedly
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escaped a mile-high death trap
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because of his faith in God.
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SHATNER:
After ten years
of Fidel Castro's
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tight-fisted Communist rule,
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the island nation's economy
is in chaos.
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Food shortages
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and a government-mandated
seven-day work week
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only serve to heighten
the Cuban people's sense
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of desperation and despair.
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Many attempt to flee
Castro's oppressive regime
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only to be caught,
imprisoned or killed.
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But for 17-year-old
Armando Socarras
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the chance for freedom
and a better life
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are worth the risk.
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SHATNER:
The plan was indeed dangerous.
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If they were caught,
it meant prison or worse.
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If they weren't,
they might die trying.
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But after some
careful reconnaissance,
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Armando believed
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that he and his friend
could pull it off.
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And on the morning
of June 4, 1969,
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their bold plan
would be put into action.
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Iberia Flight 904 was scheduled
to depart Havana at 6:30 p.m.,
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arriving in Madrid, Spain
nine hours later.
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The DC-8 airplane was already
taxiing to the end of the runway
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when Armando and his friend
crawled through the tall grass
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bordering the runway,
ready to make a break for it.
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SHATNER:
Lodged inside the wheel well
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and dangerously outside
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the pressurized sections
of the airplane,
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Armando began falling
out of consciousness
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as the air outside screamed by
at nearly 600 miles an hour.
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JOHN NANCE:
Normally, the cruising altitude
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on a trip as far
as Havana to Madrid,
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you'd probably be up around
37,000 to 39,000 feet.
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At 37,000 feet,
for somebody who has
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00:14:03,333 --> 00:14:05,167
just experienced
a rapid decompression,
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00:14:05,292 --> 00:14:07,125
your time of useful
consciousness
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00:14:07,250 --> 00:14:09,292
is as little as eight seconds.
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00:14:09,458 --> 00:14:12,750
At that altitude, you're
going to be around temperatures
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00:14:12,917 --> 00:14:15,958
that are minus 45 to
50 degrees Fahrenheit.
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00:14:28,875 --> 00:14:31,625
SHATNER:
Nine hours after
taking off in Havana,
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00:14:31,750 --> 00:14:34,667
Iberia Flight 904
landed in Madrid.
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And as the captain
stood on the tarmac
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saying goodbye
to his passengers,
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00:14:39,458 --> 00:14:41,917
Armando's unconscious body
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fell from the wheel well
onto the ground
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with a sickening thud.
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SHATNER:
Incredible as it seems,
for Armando,
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00:15:34,167 --> 00:15:35,875
surviving in a mile-high
death trap was,
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00:15:36,042 --> 00:15:39,708
indeed, possible.
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00:15:39,875 --> 00:15:42,083
But how?
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00:15:42,208 --> 00:15:45,792
Medically, you're not dead
until you're warm and dead.
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Armando was found
without vital signs,
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00:15:48,583 --> 00:15:50,000
he was hypothermic.
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I think what happened is
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00:15:52,292 --> 00:15:53,833
because of the severe
hypothermia,
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his cardiac function decreased.
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The blood flow to the brain
and organs decreased.
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There are reports and cases
of people being found
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00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:05,583
in the snow and ice,
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00:16:05,750 --> 00:16:10,042
frozen, without any vital signs,
that have made a full recovery.
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00:16:11,333 --> 00:16:13,625
TAYLOR:
There's a thing called
the mammalian response.
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00:16:13,833 --> 00:16:16,417
If we reach certain
cold temperatures,
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00:16:16,625 --> 00:16:20,625
our bodies shut down
instead of degrading and dying,
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00:16:20,792 --> 00:16:22,083
it just goes into hibernation.
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00:16:22,250 --> 00:16:24,083
Well, this is
what happened to Armando.
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00:16:25,208 --> 00:16:26,958
When he gets up
to the 30,000-foot atmosphere
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00:16:27,125 --> 00:16:28,667
and he has no air to breathe
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00:16:28,833 --> 00:16:32,458
or just a tiny amount of air,
he goes into hypothermia
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00:16:32,625 --> 00:16:36,167
and then when the plane lands,
his body starts to warm up
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00:16:36,375 --> 00:16:38,375
and then he comes back to.
249
00:16:40,083 --> 00:16:42,958
SHATNER:
Could Armando's
amazing story of survival
250
00:16:43,125 --> 00:16:44,583
really be attributed
251
00:16:44,750 --> 00:16:48,708
to the act of being frozen
and then defrosted back to life?
252
00:16:49,750 --> 00:16:53,958
Or might there be another,
even more profound explanation?
253
00:17:17,542 --> 00:17:19,250
SHATNER:
Was Armando's
incredible survival due
254
00:17:19,375 --> 00:17:21,583
to divine intervention,
as he claims?
255
00:17:22,625 --> 00:17:25,708
Or is it possible
that the power of belief itself,
256
00:17:25,917 --> 00:17:30,208
gave him the strength he needed
to survive, against all odds?
257
00:17:31,208 --> 00:17:34,750
It would seem that the answer
is ultimately a matter of faith.
258
00:17:37,375 --> 00:17:40,333
However, there are other people
who have been able to live
259
00:17:40,500 --> 00:17:45,042
through freezing temperatures,
not by looking to a higher power
260
00:17:45,167 --> 00:17:50,167
but by indulging in spirits
of an earthly nature.
261
00:17:57,542 --> 00:17:59,125
(ship horn blows)
262
00:17:59,333 --> 00:18:02,000
SHATNER: RMS Titanic sets out
on her maiden voyage,
263
00:18:02,208 --> 00:18:03,792
bound for New York.
264
00:18:06,500 --> 00:18:10,500
Billed as "unsinkable,"
the more than 46,000-ton vessel
265
00:18:10,667 --> 00:18:15,292
offers passengers the very
latest in transatlantic comfort.
266
00:18:15,375 --> 00:18:18,625
But what the men, women and
children on board don't know,
267
00:18:18,792 --> 00:18:20,667
and could never suspect,
268
00:18:20,875 --> 00:18:26,167
is that Titanic will not reach
its intended destination.
269
00:18:26,375 --> 00:18:29,958
The Titanic had 2,208 on board,
270
00:18:30,125 --> 00:18:32,333
891 of whom were crew.
271
00:18:33,708 --> 00:18:36,000
The Titanic was
not just the largest
272
00:18:36,208 --> 00:18:38,333
and most luxurious
ocean liner of the time
273
00:18:38,500 --> 00:18:41,333
but it was also seen
as a kind of industrial miracle.
274
00:18:41,500 --> 00:18:44,750
It was the largest
moving object in human history.
275
00:18:49,542 --> 00:18:52,292
It was four days
into its voyage.
276
00:18:52,417 --> 00:18:55,042
Very late in the evening, about
20 minutes before midnight,
277
00:18:55,208 --> 00:18:59,542
the lookout spotted
a growler iceberg, in its path.
278
00:18:59,708 --> 00:19:01,083
Iceberg, dead ahead, sir!
279
00:19:01,208 --> 00:19:03,167
Iceberg,
dead ahead, sir.
280
00:19:03,333 --> 00:19:06,167
And unfortunately,
the ship was going too fast.
281
00:19:06,333 --> 00:19:07,583
-Hard a-starboard!
-Hard a-starboard.
282
00:19:07,708 --> 00:19:09,292
HUGH BREWSTER:
They tried to turn the ship
283
00:19:09,458 --> 00:19:15,125
but the iceberg struck
along the starboard bow...
284
00:19:16,375 --> 00:19:18,500
...bashing in the riveted
steel plates
285
00:19:18,667 --> 00:19:20,792
that comprised
the Titanic's hull.
286
00:19:22,583 --> 00:19:25,667
The Titanic was
proclaimed unsinkable
287
00:19:25,792 --> 00:19:30,333
because it had 16 so-called
watertight compartments,
288
00:19:30,458 --> 00:19:35,750
except only the first forward
four compartments at the bow
289
00:19:35,958 --> 00:19:40,042
and four compartments at the
stern were truly watertight.
290
00:19:40,208 --> 00:19:42,958
And this was
the fatal flaw because
291
00:19:43,125 --> 00:19:48,417
the iceberg breached more than
the first four compartments.
292
00:19:48,625 --> 00:19:50,667
And the order was given
to man the lifeboats.
293
00:19:50,875 --> 00:19:52,958
(alarm sounding)
294
00:19:53,125 --> 00:19:54,625
It's endlessly repeated
295
00:19:54,792 --> 00:19:56,958
that there weren't enough
lifeboats on the Titanic,
296
00:19:57,083 --> 00:19:59,375
and strictly speaking,
it's true.
297
00:19:59,542 --> 00:20:02,125
Every passenger
and every crew member had
298
00:20:02,333 --> 00:20:04,792
a different moment
when they began to move
299
00:20:04,958 --> 00:20:07,000
from complacency to concern
300
00:20:07,208 --> 00:20:09,250
and finally to panic.
301
00:20:10,292 --> 00:20:11,583
SHATNER:
As panic spreads across
302
00:20:11,708 --> 00:20:13,750
the decks of the Titanic,
male passengers scramble
303
00:20:13,958 --> 00:20:16,333
to place their wives
and children on lifeboats.
304
00:20:16,500 --> 00:20:18,333
Many unfortunate souls
305
00:20:18,542 --> 00:20:21,125
choose to take their chances
by jumping overboard
306
00:20:21,292 --> 00:20:23,667
into the frigid waters
of the North Atlantic.
307
00:20:23,875 --> 00:20:25,625
They didn't live long.
308
00:20:25,833 --> 00:20:29,125
That is, with the remarkable
exception of one man--
309
00:20:29,292 --> 00:20:32,708
Charles Joughin,
the ship's chief baker.
310
00:20:35,083 --> 00:20:37,250
Charles Joughin was
asleep in his bunk
311
00:20:37,458 --> 00:20:39,208
when the Titanic hit
the iceberg,
312
00:20:39,375 --> 00:20:43,208
and where his quarters were,
were a part of the ship
313
00:20:43,417 --> 00:20:45,792
that felt the collision
quite significantly.
314
00:20:45,875 --> 00:20:47,708
So he sat up with a jolt...
315
00:20:48,708 --> 00:20:50,125
...and realized
that there had been
316
00:20:50,333 --> 00:20:52,833
a fairly serious
collision for the ship
317
00:20:53,042 --> 00:20:54,958
and he went up on deck to see.
318
00:20:56,000 --> 00:20:58,167
BREWSTER:
When he heard
that the order for lifeboats
319
00:20:58,333 --> 00:21:00,167
had been given,
320
00:21:00,333 --> 00:21:03,833
he returned to his cabin
and poured himself
321
00:21:03,958 --> 00:21:06,500
a tumbler full of liquor.
322
00:21:06,708 --> 00:21:09,125
And he drank
a half tumbler full.
323
00:21:09,292 --> 00:21:11,625
Then he went back up on deck
324
00:21:11,792 --> 00:21:14,917
and helped to supervise
the loading of lifeboats.
325
00:21:15,042 --> 00:21:16,750
He helped load lifeboat ten.
326
00:21:16,917 --> 00:21:20,167
After that lifeboat was loaded,
he went back to his cabin
327
00:21:20,333 --> 00:21:22,750
and had another nip or two
so that he was
328
00:21:22,875 --> 00:21:25,833
really quite well-lit
as it got later in the night.
329
00:21:27,375 --> 00:21:28,667
RUSSELL:
At about 2:10,
330
00:21:28,875 --> 00:21:31,333
passengers reported
hearing a sickening roar.
331
00:21:32,167 --> 00:21:33,833
And that was
the bulkheads giving way
332
00:21:34,042 --> 00:21:36,917
after this incredible stress
from the incoming ocean.
333
00:21:38,500 --> 00:21:40,042
BREWSTER:
After the Titanic broke in two,
334
00:21:40,208 --> 00:21:42,667
Joughin himself climbed
335
00:21:42,875 --> 00:21:47,333
onto the stern railing,
not far from the flagpole.
336
00:21:47,500 --> 00:21:48,917
And as the ship sank,
337
00:21:49,042 --> 00:21:52,250
he rode it down
like an elevator.
338
00:21:53,250 --> 00:21:54,458
The water temperature was
339
00:21:54,667 --> 00:21:57,250
between minus 1
and minus 2 Celsius,
340
00:21:57,417 --> 00:22:00,750
or about 28 Fahrenheit,
which is below freezing.
341
00:22:02,875 --> 00:22:05,708
RUSSELL:
Joughin then jumped
or was washed overboard,
342
00:22:05,875 --> 00:22:07,750
depending on
one's interpretation of it,
343
00:22:07,875 --> 00:22:10,167
into the water
344
00:22:10,375 --> 00:22:13,708
and eventually reached
one of the overturned lifeboats.
345
00:22:14,792 --> 00:22:17,292
He claimed he was
floating in the water,
346
00:22:17,417 --> 00:22:21,125
four times longer
than the maximum survival
347
00:22:21,292 --> 00:22:23,333
for other passengers or crew
348
00:22:23,542 --> 00:22:26,042
who hit the water
after the ship sank.
349
00:22:27,292 --> 00:22:30,375
He was in the Atlantic
for a lot longer
350
00:22:30,583 --> 00:22:32,917
than other survivors were.
351
00:22:34,125 --> 00:22:37,583
BREWSTER:
Joughin paddled around
for a while and eventually
352
00:22:37,708 --> 00:22:41,333
came across the overturned
collapsible lifeboat.
353
00:22:41,542 --> 00:22:45,167
And at least 28 men
found refuge there
354
00:22:45,375 --> 00:22:46,833
and survived on the back.
355
00:22:47,875 --> 00:22:49,875
Joughin says he paddled up to
the lifeboat and was rebuffed.
356
00:22:50,875 --> 00:22:53,958
They said, "No more men.
You'll sink us."
357
00:22:54,125 --> 00:22:57,333
Of the 2,208 passengers and crew
358
00:22:57,458 --> 00:22:59,875
who sailed upon the Titanic
on its maiden voyage,
359
00:23:00,083 --> 00:23:04,000
only 712 survived.
360
00:23:04,208 --> 00:23:07,417
1,496 perished.
361
00:23:08,375 --> 00:23:09,958
SHATNER:
Among the survivors was
362
00:23:10,125 --> 00:23:13,708
Charles Joughin who, after
floating in 28-degree water,
363
00:23:13,875 --> 00:23:18,708
for nearly two hours,
managed to stay alive.
364
00:23:19,792 --> 00:23:21,500
But how?
365
00:23:21,708 --> 00:23:23,833
He should have been a candidate
to have his legs amputated.
366
00:23:23,917 --> 00:23:26,917
There should have been severe
damage and there wasn't.
367
00:23:27,083 --> 00:23:30,500
Joughin reached New York
in relative good health.
368
00:23:30,667 --> 00:23:34,292
He went back to his career
at sea not long afterwards.
369
00:23:34,458 --> 00:23:35,958
And when they asked him later,
370
00:23:36,167 --> 00:23:38,167
"What do you think it was
that allowed you to survive?"
371
00:23:38,333 --> 00:23:42,083
He said that the alcohol warmed
his blood and kept him alive.
372
00:23:42,208 --> 00:23:45,667
But no medical science shows
that this is the case.
373
00:23:45,833 --> 00:23:48,542
In fact, it's believed that
alcohol actually makes it worse
374
00:23:48,708 --> 00:23:52,792
if you're encountering
a situation of hypothermia.
375
00:23:53,833 --> 00:23:55,667
BREWSTER:
Experts say that when
you drink alcohol,
376
00:23:55,833 --> 00:23:58,667
something called
vasodilation occurs
377
00:23:58,833 --> 00:24:00,750
and the blood goes to your skin
378
00:24:00,917 --> 00:24:03,750
which is why your face
turns red if you drink a lot.
379
00:24:03,917 --> 00:24:07,458
So that when you actually
are plunged into cold water,
380
00:24:07,625 --> 00:24:09,875
you're more susceptible
to hypothermia.
381
00:24:10,042 --> 00:24:14,083
You actually would die
more quickly if you were drunk.
382
00:24:15,333 --> 00:24:16,667
TAYLOR:
Alcohol is a toxin.
383
00:24:16,875 --> 00:24:19,167
Perhaps it drives
your body temperature up
384
00:24:19,375 --> 00:24:21,292
because your immune system
has to kick in
385
00:24:21,458 --> 00:24:22,875
and start fighting off a toxin.
386
00:24:23,042 --> 00:24:24,917
That's one possibility.
387
00:24:25,125 --> 00:24:26,500
The other possibility is
388
00:24:26,708 --> 00:24:30,708
that the alcohol in his system
just kept him calm
389
00:24:30,917 --> 00:24:34,167
so that he didn't panic
and was able to survive longer
390
00:24:34,333 --> 00:24:36,500
because he kept
a cool head about it.
391
00:24:37,542 --> 00:24:41,542
So stories like Charles Joughin
cause us to question.
392
00:24:42,583 --> 00:24:44,625
Was he different
from normal people?
393
00:24:44,750 --> 00:24:46,375
How could he have survived
394
00:24:46,583 --> 00:24:49,167
temperatures like that
for that long?
395
00:24:50,625 --> 00:24:52,458
We don't really know
the answers to this,
396
00:24:52,625 --> 00:24:54,000
and maybe we'll never know.
397
00:24:57,208 --> 00:25:01,667
Did Charles Joughin possess
some unique physiology
398
00:25:01,792 --> 00:25:03,375
that helped him survive
399
00:25:03,542 --> 00:25:05,667
one of the darkest days
in maritime history?
400
00:25:05,833 --> 00:25:10,167
Or was it liquor--
and luck-- that saved him?
401
00:25:11,208 --> 00:25:14,292
The same question can be asked
of another ocean disaster,
402
00:25:14,417 --> 00:25:17,708
where a sailor managed
to escape being trapped
403
00:25:17,875 --> 00:25:20,458
at the bottom of the sea.
404
00:25:29,750 --> 00:25:32,708
SHATNER:
As World War II rages
throughout Europe...
405
00:25:33,750 --> 00:25:37,000
...British Royal Navy
submarine HMS Perseus is
406
00:25:37,208 --> 00:25:38,333
patrolling the waters
407
00:25:38,458 --> 00:25:40,708
off the coast of Greece.
408
00:25:40,875 --> 00:25:43,375
With both German and Italian
forces occupying Greece,
409
00:25:43,542 --> 00:25:46,208
and the threat
of underwater mines lurking,
410
00:25:46,375 --> 00:25:49,042
it is a dangerous mission.
411
00:25:50,542 --> 00:25:54,500
HMS Perseus is
a 260-foot submarine.
412
00:25:55,875 --> 00:25:59,000
As she's on a mission
sailing from Malta
413
00:25:59,167 --> 00:26:00,958
to Alexandria,
414
00:26:01,125 --> 00:26:06,542
HMS Perseus carried
58 crew and two passengers.
415
00:26:07,500 --> 00:26:08,708
SHATNER:
One of those two passengers
416
00:26:08,875 --> 00:26:10,708
is a sailor by the name
of John Capes.
417
00:26:10,875 --> 00:26:12,750
He had hitched a ride
aboard the submarine
418
00:26:12,917 --> 00:26:15,750
so that he could return
to his home base in Alexandria,
419
00:26:15,875 --> 00:26:17,833
where the Perseus
was scheduled to dock
420
00:26:18,000 --> 00:26:19,917
after its mission was complete.
421
00:26:21,042 --> 00:26:22,625
During the night,
422
00:26:22,750 --> 00:26:26,125
the submarine comes up
to charge its batteries
423
00:26:26,292 --> 00:26:29,667
so that it can operate
underwater during the day.
424
00:26:29,792 --> 00:26:31,958
And they go along very slowly
425
00:26:32,083 --> 00:26:34,667
keeping a very,
very sharp lookout.
426
00:26:35,667 --> 00:26:37,292
SHATNER:
At approximately 10:00 p.m.,
427
00:26:37,417 --> 00:26:40,167
the crew of the Perseus was
awakened by a violent explosion.
428
00:26:43,208 --> 00:26:46,708
And everyone on board
scrambled for their lives.
429
00:26:47,667 --> 00:26:49,167
CALYTON:
She hit a mine,
430
00:26:49,375 --> 00:26:52,750
which made a big hole
in the bowels of the vessel,
431
00:26:52,917 --> 00:26:58,167
so that it sank very,
very fast towards the bottom.
432
00:26:59,125 --> 00:27:01,833
John Capes happened to be
in the safest place on the boat,
433
00:27:02,000 --> 00:27:05,167
the place that was furthest away
from the explosion.
434
00:27:05,375 --> 00:27:07,667
Capes is suddenly jolted awake.
435
00:27:07,792 --> 00:27:10,542
He kind of gets
himself together,
436
00:27:10,708 --> 00:27:12,125
realizes what's happened
437
00:27:12,250 --> 00:27:15,708
and he goes forward
to see what he can find.
438
00:27:17,542 --> 00:27:21,250
SHATNER:
With only moments to spare,
Capes has to act fast.
439
00:27:22,542 --> 00:27:24,875
Fortunately,
he finds a potential lifeline
440
00:27:25,042 --> 00:27:28,167
in the form
of an emergency escape suit,
441
00:27:28,333 --> 00:27:31,417
which is designed to protect
sailors against the effects
442
00:27:31,625 --> 00:27:32,958
of water pressure.
443
00:27:34,042 --> 00:27:37,667
Exiting the submarine
at a depth of some 170 feet,
444
00:27:37,833 --> 00:27:40,833
Capes and one
of the crew's sailors
445
00:27:41,000 --> 00:27:43,542
desperately attempt to make
their way to the surface.
446
00:27:43,708 --> 00:27:45,333
As if surviving both
447
00:27:45,542 --> 00:27:49,708
the explosion and death
by drowning weren't enough,
448
00:27:49,875 --> 00:27:52,792
the tremendous weight of
the water leaves them vulnerable
449
00:27:53,000 --> 00:27:55,000
to a potentially fatal condition
450
00:27:55,167 --> 00:27:59,833
dreaded by deep-sea divers,
known as "the bends."
451
00:28:01,417 --> 00:28:04,667
The bends is similar
to opening up a can of soda.
452
00:28:04,875 --> 00:28:07,875
When you open up a can of soda,
the gas that's in the liquid,
453
00:28:08,042 --> 00:28:11,333
which is carbon dioxide,
all of a sudden
454
00:28:11,542 --> 00:28:15,792
starts releasing, bubbling
to the top of the can of soda.
455
00:28:15,917 --> 00:28:18,792
So the nitrogen that's
in the body does the same thing.
456
00:28:18,917 --> 00:28:20,667
So when you ascend too fast,
457
00:28:20,875 --> 00:28:23,708
the nitrogen that's built up
in the body tries to escape
458
00:28:23,875 --> 00:28:27,625
and this can bubble out
into any of the organs
459
00:28:27,750 --> 00:28:30,583
including the heart,
the brain, the lungs.
460
00:28:30,708 --> 00:28:31,708
It can cause malfunction.
461
00:28:31,875 --> 00:28:33,667
It can also kill you.
462
00:28:35,208 --> 00:28:37,667
SHATNER:
Even though his escape suit
was not rated to handle
463
00:28:37,833 --> 00:28:40,125
water pressure
deeper than 100 feet,
464
00:28:40,292 --> 00:28:43,708
John Capes' will to survive
was formidable.
465
00:28:43,917 --> 00:28:47,292
In spite of everything,
including the bends...
466
00:28:48,917 --> 00:28:52,833
...he made it
to the surface alive.
467
00:28:53,042 --> 00:28:54,958
MALCOLMSON:
Capes made quite a swim.
468
00:28:55,083 --> 00:28:59,875
I think it was about
six miles or so swimming.
469
00:29:00,000 --> 00:29:05,500
He reaches a rocky beach,
manages to drag himself ashore,
470
00:29:05,708 --> 00:29:08,583
and collapses.
471
00:29:08,708 --> 00:29:10,125
It's amazing
472
00:29:10,292 --> 00:29:14,917
that John Capes' lungs
did not explode
473
00:29:15,125 --> 00:29:19,250
or at least hemorrhage badly
as he was surfacing.
474
00:29:19,375 --> 00:29:20,875
Maybe this guy was just
475
00:29:21,083 --> 00:29:24,125
lucky enough that he was
resilient enough to survive.
476
00:29:27,250 --> 00:29:30,500
SHATNER:
Against all odds,
John Capes escaped
477
00:29:30,667 --> 00:29:33,167
what should have been
a death sentence.
478
00:29:33,333 --> 00:29:37,667
He defied everything we know
about both human physiology
479
00:29:37,833 --> 00:29:40,000
and the laws of physics.
480
00:29:40,083 --> 00:29:41,792
But how?
481
00:29:41,958 --> 00:29:44,792
So in the British Navy,
for a long, long time
482
00:29:44,917 --> 00:29:47,917
there had been
an alcohol ration every day.
483
00:29:48,042 --> 00:29:51,000
And the rum was 95% proof.
484
00:29:51,208 --> 00:29:54,167
In order to settle his nerves,
485
00:29:54,333 --> 00:29:57,167
John Capes took a big swig
out of his rum bottle.
486
00:29:57,375 --> 00:29:59,792
So I guess, by the time
that John Capes was
487
00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:01,375
actually leaving the submarine,
488
00:30:01,542 --> 00:30:03,833
he was more
than a little bit drunk.
489
00:30:04,042 --> 00:30:07,667
TAYLOR:
Actually drinking alcohol
might've helped him out.
490
00:30:07,875 --> 00:30:09,542
It could have lowered
his blood pressure a little bit
491
00:30:09,708 --> 00:30:11,500
and it could have
actually kept him calm.
492
00:30:11,667 --> 00:30:14,417
Both of those are things
that you may need
493
00:30:14,542 --> 00:30:15,875
in this type of situation.
494
00:30:16,042 --> 00:30:18,000
You need to remain calm
in an emergency
495
00:30:18,083 --> 00:30:20,042
and your blood pressure
is gonna get really high
496
00:30:20,208 --> 00:30:21,542
at some point.
497
00:30:21,708 --> 00:30:22,917
And so if you have
a way to artificially
498
00:30:23,083 --> 00:30:25,333
bring it down some,
I suspect that helped.
499
00:30:26,750 --> 00:30:28,667
SHATNER:
Unfortunately, John Capes' story
500
00:30:28,792 --> 00:30:31,667
was so remarkable,
so inexplicable,
501
00:30:31,792 --> 00:30:34,167
that many people
didn't believe it was true.
502
00:30:36,125 --> 00:30:37,667
They even went so far
as to question
503
00:30:37,875 --> 00:30:39,792
whether or not he had
ever been on the submarine
504
00:30:40,000 --> 00:30:41,792
in the first place.
505
00:30:43,000 --> 00:30:44,500
CLAYTON:
People didn't believe
506
00:30:44,625 --> 00:30:49,083
that you could survive that,
that escape from 170 feet.
507
00:30:49,250 --> 00:30:50,792
So there were all
sorts of people
508
00:30:50,958 --> 00:30:53,208
cast doubts on John Capes.
509
00:30:54,375 --> 00:30:58,292
And it wasn't until
nearly 50 years later
510
00:30:58,458 --> 00:31:01,917
when divers discovered
the wreck of HMS Perseus
511
00:31:02,042 --> 00:31:05,833
that there was the hatch opened.
512
00:31:07,208 --> 00:31:11,792
And John Capes' story
was at last validated.
513
00:31:11,958 --> 00:31:16,500
And his, his behavior
and his courage was rewarded.
514
00:31:17,708 --> 00:31:20,625
SHATNER:
How did John Capes summon
the courage he needed
515
00:31:20,792 --> 00:31:23,250
to overcome seemingly
insurmountable odds
516
00:31:23,375 --> 00:31:27,167
and make it
out of the submarine alive?
517
00:31:28,208 --> 00:31:30,042
It's hard to imagine
how anyone could find
518
00:31:30,208 --> 00:31:33,167
the nerve to do what Capes did,
519
00:31:33,292 --> 00:31:38,625
but the fact is that somehow,
he managed to defy death.
520
00:31:40,042 --> 00:31:42,833
But, remarkably, there are those
who have not only survived
521
00:31:42,958 --> 00:31:44,792
a deadly circumstance--
522
00:31:44,917 --> 00:31:48,458
they actually attract danger
523
00:31:48,625 --> 00:31:52,125
again and again and again.
524
00:32:03,333 --> 00:32:04,833
SHATNER:
Park Ranger Roy Sullivan
525
00:32:05,000 --> 00:32:07,458
is driving south along
Skyline Drive
526
00:32:07,583 --> 00:32:09,167
when suddenly...
527
00:32:09,333 --> 00:32:11,208
-(thunder crashes)
-a bolt of lightning
528
00:32:11,375 --> 00:32:12,792
strikes him
529
00:32:13,000 --> 00:32:15,042
through the open windows
of his truck.
530
00:32:16,958 --> 00:32:18,958
FRIEDMAN:
Roy Sullivan was struck
by lightning,
531
00:32:19,125 --> 00:32:20,583
driving along a mountain road.
532
00:32:20,792 --> 00:32:22,667
He wasn't hurt that much.
533
00:32:22,875 --> 00:32:24,333
He was lucky.
534
00:32:24,542 --> 00:32:25,792
Lightning can cause
535
00:32:25,958 --> 00:32:28,292
all kinds of damage to a person.
536
00:32:30,083 --> 00:32:31,917
It can injure one's nerves.
537
00:32:32,042 --> 00:32:35,083
It can cause headaches
that last for many,
538
00:32:35,292 --> 00:32:37,417
many months, if not years.
539
00:32:37,583 --> 00:32:38,667
And of course,
540
00:32:38,833 --> 00:32:40,667
a lightning strike can be fatal.
541
00:32:42,208 --> 00:32:44,500
SHATNER:
The blast burned off Roy's hair
542
00:32:44,667 --> 00:32:47,917
and left a black burn mark
on his ranger hat.
543
00:32:49,208 --> 00:32:52,583
One out of every ten people
struck by lightning dies.
544
00:32:52,750 --> 00:32:54,375
(thunder crashing)
545
00:32:54,500 --> 00:32:58,083
Those who survive often suffer
debilitating, lifelong injuries.
546
00:32:59,083 --> 00:33:00,917
But somehow,
547
00:33:01,042 --> 00:33:05,667
Roy Sullivan walked away
relatively unscathed.
548
00:33:06,708 --> 00:33:11,833
But what's even more remarkable
is that between 1942 and 1977,
549
00:33:12,000 --> 00:33:14,667
Roy Sullivan was
struck by lightning
550
00:33:14,833 --> 00:33:18,833
on six more occasions
and survived
551
00:33:19,000 --> 00:33:21,417
each and every time.
552
00:33:22,625 --> 00:33:26,042
FRIEDAN:
Roy Sullivan was
in the Guinness Book of Records
553
00:33:26,250 --> 00:33:28,625
for having been the person
who was hit the most
554
00:33:28,750 --> 00:33:30,792
in his lifetime by lightning.
555
00:33:30,917 --> 00:33:33,958
He was dubbed
The Human Lightning Rod,
556
00:33:34,125 --> 00:33:37,250
Spark Ranger, and Lightning Man.
557
00:33:38,792 --> 00:33:40,167
There are a number of factors
558
00:33:40,292 --> 00:33:42,750
that increased Sullivan's
odds of being struck.
559
00:33:43,875 --> 00:33:45,542
He was outdoors,
560
00:33:45,750 --> 00:33:48,917
not only on tops of mountains,
but on lookout towers,
561
00:33:49,083 --> 00:33:53,167
moving around a lot
in open spaces.
562
00:33:53,333 --> 00:33:55,500
But the fact
that he was hit seven times
563
00:33:55,708 --> 00:33:57,667
and didn't die is incredible.
564
00:34:00,042 --> 00:34:03,625
SHATNER:
Lightning is one of the most
devastating forces on Earth.
565
00:34:04,792 --> 00:34:06,333
A single bolt can carry
566
00:34:06,500 --> 00:34:08,583
more than 100 million volts
of electricity,
567
00:34:08,750 --> 00:34:13,625
and is five times hotter
than the surface of the Sun.
568
00:34:14,833 --> 00:34:17,125
So, how was Roy Sullivan
able to survive
569
00:34:17,250 --> 00:34:20,667
such destructive power
seven times?
570
00:34:22,708 --> 00:34:26,875
Well, according to some experts,
it might have been because
571
00:34:27,042 --> 00:34:30,667
certain people's bodies
are more resistant
572
00:34:30,875 --> 00:34:32,542
to being electrocuted.
573
00:34:34,250 --> 00:34:35,542
The human body is not
574
00:34:35,708 --> 00:34:37,667
the greatest conductor
for electricity,
575
00:34:37,833 --> 00:34:40,667
but in these cases,
maybe there are compounds
576
00:34:40,833 --> 00:34:42,625
in their bloodstream that do
577
00:34:42,708 --> 00:34:46,708
increase their ability
to generate energy
578
00:34:46,875 --> 00:34:48,833
or hold energy.
579
00:34:48,958 --> 00:34:51,625
For example, someone who has
580
00:34:51,792 --> 00:34:55,083
a higher degree of iron
in their bloodstream
581
00:34:55,250 --> 00:34:59,042
could potentially conduct
lightning a little bit better.
582
00:35:00,708 --> 00:35:03,083
SHATNER:
Is it possible
that Roy Sullivan possessed
583
00:35:03,250 --> 00:35:05,000
some physical or genetic trait
584
00:35:05,167 --> 00:35:07,042
that allowed him to both
attract lightning
585
00:35:07,208 --> 00:35:10,000
and withstand
surges of electricity,
586
00:35:10,208 --> 00:35:12,458
that could otherwise kill
a normal human?
587
00:35:13,625 --> 00:35:16,250
Perhaps a clue can be found
by examining another person
588
00:35:16,417 --> 00:35:18,667
who was struck by lightning
multiple times
589
00:35:18,833 --> 00:35:21,458
and lived to tell about it.
590
00:35:27,583 --> 00:35:30,625
After a long day of competition,
bull rider Carl Mize is
591
00:35:30,792 --> 00:35:34,250
about to head home when he grabs
the door handle of his truck
592
00:35:34,375 --> 00:35:38,625
and is instantly hit
by a powerful bolt of lightning.
593
00:35:40,583 --> 00:35:42,708
Right when it happened, I knew
I was struck by lightning.
594
00:35:42,875 --> 00:35:45,167
The-the flash of the light
595
00:35:45,292 --> 00:35:46,500
and the shock, you know,
596
00:35:46,667 --> 00:35:48,333
that went through my arm
and through my body.
597
00:35:48,542 --> 00:35:52,167
And it knocked me back four
or five foot on my tail end.
598
00:35:52,375 --> 00:35:56,167
And I just jumped up
and tried to brush the mud off,
599
00:35:56,333 --> 00:35:58,667
and got in my truck and left.
600
00:36:00,042 --> 00:36:02,042
SHATNER:
Aside from some achy muscles,
601
00:36:02,208 --> 00:36:05,167
Carl was left uninjured
by the experience.
602
00:36:05,333 --> 00:36:07,625
And like most people,
he wasn't worried
603
00:36:07,750 --> 00:36:10,083
about this happening again
because he believed
604
00:36:10,292 --> 00:36:13,667
the old adage that
"lightning never strikes twice."
605
00:36:14,875 --> 00:36:19,167
But between 1994 and 2006,
606
00:36:19,333 --> 00:36:21,958
Carl was struck by lightning
607
00:36:22,125 --> 00:36:25,792
an astonishing five more times.
608
00:36:28,042 --> 00:36:29,333
MIZE:
For 39 years,
609
00:36:29,542 --> 00:36:31,333
I've worked
at the University of Oklahoma
610
00:36:31,500 --> 00:36:33,792
in the electrical department
in the utility shop.
611
00:36:33,958 --> 00:36:36,708
And we take care of all
the high-voltage electricity.
612
00:36:36,875 --> 00:36:40,333
So I often think
there's got to be something
613
00:36:40,542 --> 00:36:43,208
that, you know,
attracts lightning to me,
614
00:36:43,375 --> 00:36:46,417
because it's just unheard of
to be struck that many times.
615
00:36:47,542 --> 00:36:50,375
SHATNER:
After each incident,
doctors who examined Carl
616
00:36:50,542 --> 00:36:53,750
were shocked to discover
that his injuries were minor.
617
00:36:53,917 --> 00:36:55,333
None of his internal organs
618
00:36:55,542 --> 00:36:57,292
suffered the kind
of significant damage
619
00:36:57,417 --> 00:37:01,333
normally seen in victims
of lightning strikes.
620
00:37:01,500 --> 00:37:02,875
There's not
a whole lot of people
621
00:37:03,083 --> 00:37:04,375
that get struck by lightning,
622
00:37:04,542 --> 00:37:07,958
so doctors really
treat you as a guinea pig.
623
00:37:09,208 --> 00:37:12,167
They actually had
a man come down
624
00:37:12,292 --> 00:37:14,333
that was an electrical engineer
625
00:37:14,542 --> 00:37:18,375
to measure
the DC voltage in my body.
626
00:37:18,542 --> 00:37:22,833
A common person has
six volts DC to run your body.
627
00:37:23,000 --> 00:37:24,917
Whenever they tested me,
628
00:37:25,042 --> 00:37:29,083
I had 1.7 DC volts in my body.
629
00:37:29,250 --> 00:37:33,000
I'm more conductive
than an average person.
630
00:37:33,208 --> 00:37:35,042
And it makes me wonder,
631
00:37:35,250 --> 00:37:38,000
and even the doctors
have wondered, too,
632
00:37:38,208 --> 00:37:40,958
could that have been
what's kept me alive.
633
00:37:42,000 --> 00:37:44,167
SHATNER:
The stories of Carl Mize
and Roy Sullivan
634
00:37:44,333 --> 00:37:46,292
offer living proof
that lightning can,
635
00:37:46,458 --> 00:37:48,125
indeed, strike twice.
636
00:37:49,167 --> 00:37:51,833
And it's a strange thought
to know that your body can both
637
00:37:52,000 --> 00:37:56,583
attract and protect you
from life-threatening danger.
638
00:37:56,792 --> 00:38:00,458
But there are times
when survival may come down
639
00:38:00,667 --> 00:38:04,875
to simply grabbing
whatever you can hold on to.
640
00:38:14,083 --> 00:38:17,167
SHATNER:
47 stories above the ground,
641
00:38:17,375 --> 00:38:21,167
brothers Alcides
and Edgar Moreno
642
00:38:21,375 --> 00:38:25,125
step onto a hanging platform
to wash windows.
643
00:38:25,250 --> 00:38:26,667
But when they start working...
644
00:38:28,042 --> 00:38:29,792
...disaster strikes.
645
00:38:51,708 --> 00:38:56,958
SHATNER:
Edgar plunges 472 feet
onto a fence, dying instantly.
646
00:38:57,125 --> 00:39:00,333
But as emergency responders
arrive on the scene,
647
00:39:00,500 --> 00:39:02,958
they approach the wreckage
of the scaffolding
648
00:39:03,167 --> 00:39:07,042
and are shocked to discover
that Alcides is still alive.
649
00:39:08,500 --> 00:39:10,875
Mr. Moreno actually fell
with the scaffolding
650
00:39:11,042 --> 00:39:15,500
and landed onto some
garbage cans in the alleyway.
651
00:39:16,500 --> 00:39:17,750
Our rescue paramedics,
652
00:39:17,917 --> 00:39:20,208
they thought that it was
gonna be a recovery.
653
00:39:20,375 --> 00:39:21,750
But when they got to him,
654
00:39:21,917 --> 00:39:24,375
he opened his eyes
and took a breath.
655
00:39:25,875 --> 00:39:28,333
SHATNER:
Alcides was rushed
to the hospital for surgery.
656
00:39:29,417 --> 00:39:31,583
Several of his vertebrae
had been crushed,
657
00:39:31,750 --> 00:39:35,417
and his skull was fractured,
causing his brain to swell.
658
00:39:36,542 --> 00:39:38,500
He was given 24 pints of blood
659
00:39:38,708 --> 00:39:40,292
and put into
a drug-induced coma,
660
00:39:40,458 --> 00:39:43,708
undergoing 15 more surgeries.
661
00:39:44,958 --> 00:39:48,500
But on January 18th, a mere
six weeks after his accident,
662
00:39:48,708 --> 00:39:51,875
Alcides was discharged
from the hospital.
663
00:40:08,708 --> 00:40:10,417
COYNE:
Any fall from greater than
664
00:40:10,625 --> 00:40:12,167
one and a half times
your own height
665
00:40:12,333 --> 00:40:15,833
is considered
potentially deadly, so...
666
00:40:15,958 --> 00:40:17,667
for someone to fall
from this great a height,
667
00:40:17,792 --> 00:40:19,833
and live, you know,
a productive life
668
00:40:20,042 --> 00:40:21,625
is absolutely fascinating.
669
00:40:23,000 --> 00:40:24,625
SHATNER:
Statistically,
falling from a height
670
00:40:24,750 --> 00:40:27,500
greater than 40 feet
is almost always fatal.
671
00:40:27,583 --> 00:40:31,292
So, how did Alcides Moreno
survive a fall
672
00:40:31,458 --> 00:40:33,667
from more
than ten times that high?
673
00:40:34,917 --> 00:40:37,292
JIM HAMILTON:
It's not the falling
that kills you.
674
00:40:37,417 --> 00:40:38,917
It's the stopping.
675
00:40:39,875 --> 00:40:43,583
And so, if there is
a tree, bushes,
676
00:40:43,792 --> 00:40:46,625
wreckage that's between you
and what you hit,
677
00:40:46,750 --> 00:40:49,417
those factors
contribute to survival.
678
00:40:49,625 --> 00:40:52,000
And so the main factor
that caused
679
00:40:52,167 --> 00:40:55,667
Alcides Moreno to survive,
is that platform that he was on.
680
00:40:55,833 --> 00:40:58,833
He held onto that
all the way down.
681
00:40:59,875 --> 00:41:02,792
He didn't fall
directly 47 stories
682
00:41:02,958 --> 00:41:05,833
without anything
cushioning his fall.
683
00:41:07,042 --> 00:41:09,625
COYNE:
In just about any emergency,
684
00:41:09,792 --> 00:41:12,292
your initial reactions
are gonna be
685
00:41:12,458 --> 00:41:14,167
a big part of your survival.
686
00:41:15,333 --> 00:41:17,375
These can be the little things
that make the difference
687
00:41:17,500 --> 00:41:18,917
between life and death.
688
00:41:20,125 --> 00:41:22,667
It shows everybody
689
00:41:22,792 --> 00:41:26,500
that they're capable of a lot
more than we may realize.
690
00:41:26,708 --> 00:41:30,083
It just takes these
extraordinary circumstances
691
00:41:30,208 --> 00:41:31,833
to show us that.
692
00:41:34,083 --> 00:41:35,542
So, what can we learn
693
00:41:35,708 --> 00:41:37,292
from these remarkable
cases of people
694
00:41:37,500 --> 00:41:39,667
who were able to defy death?
695
00:41:40,917 --> 00:41:44,458
While many survival stories
involve a fair amount of luck,
696
00:41:44,625 --> 00:41:47,500
it's also clear
that in times of great danger,
697
00:41:47,625 --> 00:41:51,333
certain individuals
possess a powerful will to live
698
00:41:51,542 --> 00:41:54,292
that is not fully understood.
699
00:41:54,458 --> 00:41:57,667
And in all likelihood
will remain...
700
00:41:59,208 --> 00:42:00,625
...unexplained.
701
00:42:00,792 --> 00:42:02,458
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