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When you're working on your map design,
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it's important to be aware of the different colour models,
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how we can define colors or described them,
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and when it might be useful to choose one over another.
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If you're choosing a colour in the software,
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so in ArcGIS for example,
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there's different colour models that can be used to specify the same colour.
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So for example, we can use
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the RGB colour model and I'll explain each of these more in a minute, but that's the red,
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green, blue, and so we can choose a blue colour using an RGB colour model.
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We can also use an HSV colour model,
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and we can use a CMYK colour model.
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So those are the three color models that are available inside our GIS.
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So what I want you to notice here is that they're all
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describing exactly the same colour of blue.
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So the colours are the same in terms of how they're going to look on the map,
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but it's just a different way of describing
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that color or defining it based on which color model you want to use.
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The RGB colour model is based on red,
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green, and blue, hence RGB.
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You're probably familiar with this.
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It's a very common one.
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It was designed originally to be used for things like television screens,
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and computer monitors, and now on phones,
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that basically you have these pixels that are able to show combinations of red, green,
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and blue in varying levels of intensity,
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and if you mix those red, green,
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and blue colours to create other colours.
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So, here we have the main colours the red, the green, and the blue.
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If you completely mix red and blue, you get magenta.
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If you mix blue and green, you get cyan.
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If you mix red and green,
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you get yellow, and if you mix red green and blue completely together, you get white.
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So you can think of these as additive colors,
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like you're combining different amounts of light of these different colors.
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So, if you had a complete absence of all three of them, you would have black,
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if you've completely added all three of them together at
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the maximum amount of intensity you get white,
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and then you can vary the amounts of those in-between to
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mix to get other colours that you can define.
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So, I don't mean for this to show that these are the only colors that are available.
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Essentially, anytime you look at any kind of a screen now,
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all of those colours that you're seeing are based on mixtures of only red,
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green, and blue, just based on different amounts of intensity of them.
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One way of thinking of this that I like that I just got from
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Wikipedia actually is this idea of thinking of them as dimmer switches, so if you had,
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you're able to slide a dimmer up and down to vary the intensity of each of the red light,
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the green light, and the blue light that you can do that or the monitors
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doing that or the screen whatever in order to be able to mix those colors together.
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So why this relates to map design in particular is
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that if the final output of your map is going to be on a screen,
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then it probably makes sense to think about
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your colors from the point of view of red, green,
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and blue because that's the color model that was designed to define colours for screens,
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and if the final output of your map is going to be on the screen,
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then why not use the same color model that matches that.
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The traditional way of defining red, green,
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and blue is with a range of 256 different values,
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that's based on an eight bits numbering system or range of values.
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So if you have 256 values that start at 0,
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then you have a range of 0-255.
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So if you have red, green,
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and blue that are all defined as 0,
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0, 0 then you will have black.
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If you have 0, 0,
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255 in other words red is 0, green is 0,
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blue is 255, which is the maximum,
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then you will have the sort of strongest blue that you can have.
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Then we can do the same thing with green.
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So we have all green and nothing for the red and the blue there,
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we can do the same thing with red.
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So I'm just trying to show you that you are able to get
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these sort of maximum values based on that,
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but we can also construct what would be called a colour cube based on RGB.
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I think this is a nice way of being able to show that you actually do get
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this gradation of colour values based on just
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mixing these three different numbers for red, green, and blue.
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So I hope you're able to see that as, yes,
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we have a pure yellow here,
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and up here kind of cyan here,
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but there's this gradation of colours from one to the other.
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Of course, this goes in all directions.
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So you're able to get sort of purples,
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and blues and browns,
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and reds just by mixing these three colors together.
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This is just one way of defining colour based on this idea of red, green, and blue.
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So this is the colour cube just without the transparency.
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You can see that these are the color selector values if you were doing this in ArcMap.
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So you are just getting red, green,
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and blue, and we have values from 0-255 to define those.
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So that's the yellow there,
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a red there, and so on.
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So, just a way of being able to show that or to visualize
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to think about it when you see that little dialog box
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and you're looking at those values and you're wondering maybe
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why they don't go from 0-100 or something like that,
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that's why as it's based on its eight bit color scheme.
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It's kind of a really ancient now way of numbering things,
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but it's just being carried over from year to year and so it's still there.8659
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