Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:20,076 --> 00:00:21,351
Dr. Oppenheimer.
2
00:00:23,054 --> 00:00:24,220
Dr. Oppenheimer.
3
00:00:25,671 --> 00:00:27,720
As we begin, I believe
you have a statement
4
00:00:27,720 --> 00:00:29,320
to read into the record.
5
00:00:30,933 --> 00:00:32,023
- Yes, your honor.
6
00:00:32,187 --> 00:00:34,664
- We're not judges, doctor.
7
00:00:36,144 --> 00:00:37,144
- Of course.
8
00:00:42,948 --> 00:00:45,557
Members of the Security Board,
9
00:00:45,814 --> 00:00:49,074
the so-called interrogatory
information in your indictment
10
00:00:49,074 --> 00:00:55,074
of me cannot be fairly understood, except
in the context of my life and my work.
11
00:00:55,453 --> 00:00:57,408
- How long did he testify?
12
00:00:57,953 --> 00:00:59,890
- Honestly, I forget.
13
00:01:01,208 --> 00:01:03,181
The whole hearing took a month.
14
00:01:03,339 --> 00:01:04,339
- And how did you know?
15
00:01:04,573 --> 00:01:06,573
- Well, I've only
read the transcripts.
16
00:01:09,159 --> 00:01:11,745
- Who'd want to justify their whole life?
- You weren't there?
17
00:01:11,917 --> 00:01:13,608
- As Chairman, I
wasn't allowed to be.
18
00:01:13,941 --> 00:01:15,608
Are they really going to ask about it?
19
00:01:16,425 --> 00:01:17,990
That was years ago.
20
00:01:18,069 --> 00:01:20,069
- Four years ago.
- Five.
21
00:01:20,691 --> 00:01:22,261
Oppenheimer still
divides America.
22
00:01:22,317 --> 00:01:24,317
The committee's going to
want to know where you stood.
23
00:01:25,232 --> 00:01:28,863
Senator Thurmond will testify...
...I was gonna say not to feel that you're on trial.
24
00:01:29,011 --> 00:01:32,032
- Oh, funny, I didn't
know you just said that.
25
00:01:32,253 --> 00:01:34,032
- Really, Mr. Strauss?
- It's out of question.
26
00:01:34,057 --> 00:01:36,157
Yeah. Admiral
Strauss, this is a...
27
00:01:36,227 --> 00:01:39,232
This is a formality. President Eisenhower
has asked you to be in his cabinet.
28
00:01:39,539 --> 00:01:43,232
- The Senate really has no choice but to confirm him.
- And if they bring up Oppenheimer?
29
00:01:43,680 --> 00:01:48,232
- When they bring up Oppenheimer, you answer
honestly. No senator can deny you did your duty.
30
00:01:48,380 --> 00:01:52,232
It'll be uncomfortable. People
who want to justify their whole life.
31
00:01:57,982 --> 00:02:00,099
- Why did you leave
the United States?
32
00:02:02,270 --> 00:02:05,270
- I, ah, I wanted to
study the new physics.
33
00:02:05,673 --> 00:02:07,474
Was there nowhere here?
34
00:02:07,810 --> 00:02:10,903
I thought Berkeley had the leading
theoretical physics department.
35
00:02:11,426 --> 00:02:13,426
Yes, once I had built it.
36
00:02:14,146 --> 00:02:18,458
But first I had to go to Europe. I went to
Cambridge to study under Patrick Blackett.
37
00:02:18,599 --> 00:02:21,064
Were you happier there than in America?
38
00:02:21,458 --> 00:02:22,458
Happier?
39
00:02:22,458 --> 00:02:23,458
Yes.
40
00:02:27,458 --> 00:02:28,458
No.
41
00:02:28,458 --> 00:02:30,458
No, I, uh...
42
00:02:32,755 --> 00:02:34,762
I was homesick, and...
43
00:02:35,622 --> 00:02:37,755
emotionally immature...
44
00:02:38,700 --> 00:02:41,122
troubled by visions of a...
45
00:02:41,122 --> 00:02:42,122
...in-
46
00:02:42,122 --> 00:02:44,443
...universe.
47
00:02:55,512 --> 00:02:57,512
Useless in the lab.
48
00:03:01,689 --> 00:03:03,689
Christ, Oppenheimer!
49
00:03:04,018 --> 00:03:06,018
Have you had any sleep?
50
00:03:08,018 --> 00:03:09,018
You start again.
51
00:03:09,018 --> 00:03:11,018
I need to go to
the lecture, sir.
52
00:03:11,939 --> 00:03:12,939
Why?
53
00:03:13,119 --> 00:03:15,119
It's Niels Bohr.
54
00:03:17,537 --> 00:03:19,310
I think you've forgotten.
55
00:03:19,642 --> 00:03:22,642
All right. Let's go.
56
00:03:23,986 --> 00:03:27,309
I don't want you, Oppenheimer.
You finish Kudgeman's plates.
57
00:03:46,303 --> 00:03:48,568
POTASSIUM
CYANIDE
58
00:04:07,044 --> 00:04:10,665
Quantum physics
is not a step forward,
59
00:04:10,771 --> 00:04:14,419
it is a new way to
understand reality.
60
00:04:14,638 --> 00:04:18,085
Einstein's opened the door,
now we are peering through,
61
00:04:18,109 --> 00:04:20,138
seeing a world inside our world,
62
00:04:20,138 --> 00:04:26,677
a world of energy and paradox
that not everyone can accept.
63
00:05:09,393 --> 00:05:10,557
Are you alright?
64
00:05:11,362 --> 00:05:13,860
Niels, meet J.
Robert Oppenheimer.
65
00:05:14,003 --> 00:05:17,001
- What's the J stand for?
- Nothing, apparently.
66
00:05:17,159 --> 00:05:19,650
You were at my lecture. You
asked the only good questions.
67
00:05:19,720 --> 00:05:21,181
No one's denying his insight.
68
00:05:21,243 --> 00:05:23,980
It's his laboratory work that
leaves a little to be desired.
69
00:05:24,634 --> 00:05:28,480
- I heard you give the same lecture.
- At Harvard, yes, and you asked the same questions.
70
00:05:28,620 --> 00:05:30,790
- Why ask again?
- I'd liked your answer.
71
00:05:32,633 --> 00:05:35,269
- Did you like it better yesterday?
- A lot.
72
00:05:35,433 --> 00:05:39,816
You can lift the stone without being
ready for the snake that's revealed.
73
00:05:40,003 --> 00:05:43,808
Now it seems you're ready.
But you don't enjoy the lab.
74
00:05:44,792 --> 00:05:47,331
So get out of Cambridge,
with its beakers and potions.
75
00:05:47,409 --> 00:05:49,550
Go somewhere they'll let you think.
76
00:05:50,526 --> 00:05:51,526
Where?
77
00:05:53,627 --> 00:05:55,941
- Gรถttingen.
- Born. Born.
78
00:05:56,352 --> 00:06:00,495
Get to Germany, study under
Max Born, learn the ways of theory.
79
00:06:01,042 --> 00:06:02,691
I'll send word.
80
00:06:03,155 --> 00:06:04,155
[Unintelligible]
81
00:06:06,500 --> 00:06:09,558
- How's your mathematics?
- Not good enough for the physicist he wants to be.
82
00:06:09,656 --> 00:06:11,925
- Algebra is like sheet music.
83
00:06:11,995 --> 00:06:15,656
The important thing isn't can
you read music, it's can you hear it.
84
00:06:15,805 --> 00:06:17,925
Can you hear the music, Robert?
85
00:06:19,204 --> 00:06:20,480
Yes, I can.
86
00:07:55,820 --> 00:07:57,624
The senator from Wyoming.
87
00:07:58,243 --> 00:08:02,735
Admiral Strauss, I'm interested in your
relationship with Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer.
88
00:08:02,938 --> 00:08:04,578
You met him in 1947?
89
00:08:05,469 --> 00:08:06,587
Correct.
90
00:08:06,878 --> 00:08:09,126
You were commissioner of
the Atomic Energy Commission?
91
00:08:09,445 --> 00:08:13,949
I was, but I actually met Robert
in my capacity as board member
92
00:08:14,415 --> 00:08:17,149
of the Institute for
Advanced Study at Princeton.
93
00:08:17,852 --> 00:08:21,735
After the war, he was world-crowned
as the great man of physics, and I was...
94
00:08:22,359 --> 00:08:25,320
determined to get
him to run the Institute.
95
00:08:25,345 --> 00:08:29,789
[1XBET ad, lol]
96
00:08:32,461 --> 00:08:35,130
- Are you watching porn?
- No, no, not at all.
97
00:08:35,179 --> 00:08:38,832
This is Eva Alfie, the new
ambassador of 1XBET.
98
00:08:39,832 --> 00:08:45,454
Everyone liked it when Eva Alfie
became the new ambassador of 1XBET.
99
00:08:55,054 --> 00:08:56,226
Dr. Oppenheimer.
100
00:08:56,882 --> 00:08:58,835
An honor.
- Mr. Strauss.
101
00:08:59,085 --> 00:09:00,530
It's pronounced "straws".
102
00:09:01,304 --> 00:09:02,499
Oh-ppenheimer, Aw-ppenheimer...
103
00:09:02,577 --> 00:09:05,468
However you say it,
they know I'm Jewish. [?]
104
00:09:05,934 --> 00:09:08,640
I'm President of Temple
Emanu-El in Manhattan.
105
00:09:08,858 --> 00:09:11,176
Strauss is just a
sudden pronunciation.
106
00:09:11,176 --> 00:09:13,176
Anyway, welcome
to the Institute.
107
00:09:13,176 --> 00:09:15,176
I think you'll be
very happy here.
108
00:09:15,460 --> 00:09:17,030
Yes, well, you'll
love the commute.
109
00:09:17,308 --> 00:09:21,846
The position comes with that house for
you, and your wife, and your two children.
110
00:09:22,030 --> 00:09:23,176
Yes, two of them.
111
00:09:23,176 --> 00:09:25,502
I'm a great admirer
of your work.
112
00:09:25,666 --> 00:09:28,252
Are you a physicist by
training, Mr. Strauss?
113
00:09:28,416 --> 00:09:30,416
I'm sorry, common room, four o'clock tea.
114
00:09:30,486 --> 00:09:33,176
No, I'm not trained in
physics or anything else,
115
00:09:33,176 --> 00:09:34,176
and I'm a self-made man.
116
00:09:34,176 --> 00:09:36,176
Ah, I can relate to that.
117
00:09:36,386 --> 00:09:38,947
- Really?
- Yes, my father was one.
118
00:09:40,155 --> 00:09:43,155
And this would be your office.
119
00:09:51,884 --> 00:09:54,101
I'm told he's there
most afternoons.
120
00:09:54,313 --> 00:09:59,285
You know, I've always wondered why you
didn't involve him in the Manhattan Project.
121
00:10:01,236 --> 00:10:04,947
- Greatest scientific mind of our time.
- Of his time.
122
00:10:05,517 --> 00:10:10,528
Einstein published his theory of
relativity more than 40 years ago now.
123
00:10:11,575 --> 00:10:13,575
I remember it's a quantum world it revealed.
124
00:10:13,955 --> 00:10:15,973
"God doesn't play dice."
125
00:10:16,272 --> 00:10:17,272
Precisely.
126
00:10:17,562 --> 00:10:20,041
You never thought of studying
physics formally, Mr. Strauss?
127
00:10:20,275 --> 00:10:23,181
I had offers, but I
chose to sell shoes.
128
00:10:23,345 --> 00:10:25,968
Louis Strauss was once
a lowly shoe salesman.
129
00:10:26,968 --> 00:10:28,968
No, just a shoe salesman.
130
00:10:32,446 --> 00:10:35,357
- I'd love to introduce you.
- No need.
131
00:10:36,155 --> 00:10:38,155
I've known him for years.
132
00:10:59,189 --> 00:11:00,749
Albert?
133
00:11:05,345 --> 00:11:09,058
What was that?
[What did you tell him?]
134
00:11:11,011 --> 00:11:13,011
Oh, he's fine.
135
00:11:14,564 --> 00:11:18,650
Mr. Strauss, there are things in
my past you ought to be aware of.
136
00:11:18,908 --> 00:11:22,736
Well, as chairman of the AEC, I have
access to your security file. I've read it.
137
00:11:23,291 --> 00:11:24,681
You're not worried?
138
00:11:24,837 --> 00:11:27,410
Why would I be worried after
everything you've done for your country?
139
00:11:27,792 --> 00:11:29,298
Times change, Mr. Strauss.
140
00:11:29,408 --> 00:11:33,408
Well, the purpose of this institute is to
provide a haven for independent minds.
141
00:11:34,392 --> 00:11:35,392
That's you.
142
00:11:35,548 --> 00:11:37,548
You are the man for the job.
143
00:11:38,157 --> 00:11:39,400
Well, then I'll consider it.
144
00:11:40,188 --> 00:11:42,188
I'll see you at the
AAC meeting tomorrow.
145
00:11:47,024 --> 00:11:49,455
This is one of the most prestigious
appointments in the country.
146
00:11:49,688 --> 00:11:51,688
Yes, and a great commute.
147
00:11:52,392 --> 00:11:53,994
That's why I'm considering it.
148
00:11:55,267 --> 00:11:58,693
So Dr. Oppenheimer brought your
attention to his past associations,
149
00:11:59,267 --> 00:12:01,314
- before you appointed him?
-Yes.
150
00:12:01,900 --> 00:12:03,275
And they didn't concern you?
151
00:12:03,396 --> 00:12:06,146
But just then I was entirely
consumed with what he must have said
152
00:12:06,423 --> 00:12:08,220
to Einstein to sour him on me.
153
00:12:08,396 --> 00:12:11,396
[Laughter]
154
00:12:12,126 --> 00:12:13,396
But later?
155
00:12:13,396 --> 00:12:15,396
Well, we all know
what happened later.
156
00:12:15,694 --> 00:12:17,745
Doctor, your time in Europe,
157
00:12:17,816 --> 00:12:20,675
you seem to meet with a wide
range of other countries' physicists.
158
00:12:20,886 --> 00:12:23,581
- Yes, that's right.
- Any Russians?
159
00:12:25,149 --> 00:12:26,378
None that spring to mind.
160
00:12:26,535 --> 00:12:29,120
If you'll just allow me to
continue with my statement...
161
00:12:29,245 --> 00:12:32,089
Mr. Robb, you'll have ample
opportunity to cross-examine.
162
00:12:35,113 --> 00:12:39,941
After Gottingen, I moved on to Leiden
in Holland, where I first met Isidor Rabi.
163
00:12:40,421 --> 00:12:41,508
[Excuse me.]
164
00:12:46,845 --> 00:12:49,214
- A Yank.
- Lecturing on the new physics?
165
00:12:49,355 --> 00:12:51,768
This I have to hear.
I'm an American myself.
166
00:12:52,377 --> 00:12:54,160
How surprising.
167
00:12:54,806 --> 00:12:57,175
Let me know if you
need any help at the end.
168
00:13:04,151 --> 00:13:11,057
[Oppenheimer speaking in Dutch]
169
00:13:11,104 --> 00:13:13,080
[Oppenheimer speaking in Dutch]
- Wait, what's he saying?
170
00:13:23,551 --> 00:13:26,200
- Oh, no, thank you.
- It's a long way to Zurich.
171
00:13:26,645 --> 00:13:29,216
If we get any skin here, we're gonna
lose you between the seat cushions.
172
00:13:29,997 --> 00:13:31,934
- I'm Rabi.
- Oppenheimer.
173
00:13:32,216 --> 00:13:35,442
I caught your lecture on
molecules. Caught some of it.
174
00:13:36,585 --> 00:13:38,973
We're a couple of New York
Jews. How do you know Dutch?
175
00:13:39,208 --> 00:13:41,817
Well, I thought I'd better learn
it when I got here this semester.
176
00:13:41,934 --> 00:13:45,180
You learn enough Dutch in six weeks
to get a lecture on quantum mechanics?
177
00:13:45,239 --> 00:13:46,680
Well, it's a challenge
to myself. [?]
178
00:13:46,809 --> 00:13:48,903
Quantum physics wasn't challenging enough.
179
00:13:49,020 --> 00:13:49,680
Schwitzer!
180
00:13:49,680 --> 00:13:50,680
Schwitze.
181
00:13:50,778 --> 00:13:51,606
Show off.
182
00:13:52,458 --> 00:13:54,333
Dutch in six weeks, but you never learned Yiddish.
183
00:13:54,566 --> 00:13:56,387
You don't speak it so
much by the side of the park.
184
00:13:56,653 --> 00:13:57,680
Screw you.
185
00:13:59,106 --> 00:14:01,106
- You homesick?
- Oh, you know it.
186
00:14:02,479 --> 00:14:05,479
Ever get the feeling our kind
isn't entirely welcome here?
187
00:14:05,737 --> 00:14:06,872
Physicists?
188
00:14:07,105 --> 00:14:08,105
That's funny.
189
00:14:08,198 --> 00:14:09,520
Not in the department.
190
00:14:10,268 --> 00:14:11,785
They're all Jewish too.
191
00:14:13,956 --> 00:14:14,956
Eat.
192
00:14:17,643 --> 00:14:19,778
This German you
have to seek out.
193
00:14:20,502 --> 00:14:21,731
- Heisenberg.
- Right.
194
00:14:24,131 --> 00:14:31,521
[foreign language]
195
00:14:31,958 --> 00:14:35,572
One might belittle the presumption
that, behind the quantum world,
196
00:14:35,990 --> 00:14:39,752
there still hides a real world,
in which causality holds, but...
197
00:14:39,776 --> 00:14:43,833
such speculations seem to
us, to say it explicitly, fruitless.
198
00:14:44,281 --> 00:14:46,281
Thank you.
Have a great day.
199
00:14:51,119 --> 00:14:52,641
- [Exciting.]
- Thank you.
200
00:14:52,946 --> 00:14:54,111
Dr. Oppenheimer.
201
00:14:54,202 --> 00:14:55,845
Oppenheimer, yes.
202
00:14:56,118 --> 00:14:57,868
I liked your paper on molecules.
203
00:14:58,024 --> 00:15:01,329
- Probably because you inspired it.
- If I inspire anything else, let me know.
204
00:15:01,454 --> 00:15:03,882
- We could publish together.
- I have to get back to America.
205
00:15:04,063 --> 00:15:05,048
Why?
206
00:15:05,142 --> 00:15:07,829
There's no one there taking
quantum mechanics seriously.
207
00:15:07,882 --> 00:15:09,352
That's exactly why.
208
00:15:09,582 --> 00:15:12,182
He's pining for the
canyons of Manhattan,
209
00:15:12,182 --> 00:15:14,110
canyons of New Mexico.
210
00:15:14,407 --> 00:15:17,118
- You're from New Mexico?
- No, New York, but my brother and I
211
00:15:17,251 --> 00:15:18,884
have a ranch outside Santa Fe.
212
00:15:19,962 --> 00:15:23,102
- That's the America I miss right now.
- Then it's best you get home.
213
00:15:23,282 --> 00:15:23,828
Cowboys!
214
00:15:24,335 --> 00:15:28,837
Ha-ha, that's him. No, me
and horses... I don't think so.
215
00:15:30,211 --> 00:15:31,210
Nice to meet you.
216
00:15:33,265 --> 00:15:35,265
Did you ever encounter Heisenberg again?
217
00:15:35,454 --> 00:15:37,648
Not in person, no. But...
218
00:15:39,759 --> 00:15:41,774
You might say our paths crossed.
219
00:15:43,311 --> 00:15:48,311
On returning to America, I accepted positions
at both Caltech and Dublin Berkeley.
220
00:16:08,556 --> 00:16:09,891
RADIATION LABORATORY
221
00:16:11,757 --> 00:16:13,757
Dr. Lawrence, I presume?
222
00:16:15,726 --> 00:16:17,696
- You must be Oppenheimer.
- Yes.
223
00:16:18,157 --> 00:16:20,407
I hear you want to start a
school of quantum theory.
224
00:16:20,488 --> 00:16:22,228
I am starting it, next door.
225
00:16:22,228 --> 00:16:23,428
They put you in there.
226
00:16:23,428 --> 00:16:24,428
I swore it.
227
00:16:24,428 --> 00:16:26,628
Wanted to be close
to you experimentalists.
228
00:16:26,696 --> 00:16:28,528
Theory will get you only so far.
229
00:16:28,528 --> 00:16:30,708
We're building a machine
to accelerate electrons.
230
00:16:30,708 --> 00:16:33,068
- Magnificent.
- Would you like to help?
231
00:16:33,068 --> 00:16:35,727
Build it? Oh, no. Heh hah, no no.
232
00:16:35,916 --> 00:16:38,509
But I am working on
theories I'd like to test with it.
233
00:16:38,702 --> 00:16:41,567
- When do you start teaching?
- I've got my first in an hour.
234
00:16:41,774 --> 00:16:43,555
Seminar?
Pupil.
235
00:16:43,948 --> 00:16:45,548
One student?
236
00:16:45,608 --> 00:16:46,930
That's it?
237
00:16:47,148 --> 00:16:49,422
I'm teaching something
no one here has dreamt of.
238
00:16:49,632 --> 00:16:51,317
But once people start
hearing what you can do with it-
239
00:16:51,380 --> 00:16:52,742
There's no goin' back.
240
00:16:55,312 --> 00:16:57,852
- Oh, I must have missed a...
- Mr. Lomanitz?
241
00:16:57,944 --> 00:16:58,867
Nah-
242
00:17:00,664 --> 00:17:01,328
Yeah.
243
00:17:01,397 --> 00:17:04,397
Yes, this is him. Please, take a seat.
244
00:17:09,664 --> 00:17:11,664
What do you know about
quantum mechanics?
245
00:17:12,273 --> 00:17:15,531
- I have a grasp on the basics.
- Then you're doing it wrong.
246
00:17:16,359 --> 00:17:20,192
Is life made up of particles or waves?
Quantum mechanics says it's both.
247
00:17:20,335 --> 00:17:21,289
How could it be both?
248
00:17:21,606 --> 00:17:22,710
- It can't.
- It can't.
249
00:17:23,531 --> 00:17:25,921
But it is. It's paradoxical.
250
00:17:26,105 --> 00:17:28,105
And yet, it works.
251
00:17:35,100 --> 00:17:36,445
Ah.
252
00:17:38,726 --> 00:17:42,953
Thank you. Mr. Lomanitz,
you're going to be okay.
253
00:17:43,273 --> 00:17:44,734
Mr. Snyder.
254
00:17:44,921 --> 00:17:46,570
Now let's consider a star.
255
00:17:47,007 --> 00:17:50,234
A star, a vast furnace
burning in outer space.
256
00:17:50,234 --> 00:17:52,702
Fire pushing upwards
against its own gravity.
257
00:17:52,859 --> 00:17:53,944
Balanced.
258
00:17:55,296 --> 00:18:00,234
And if that furnace cools, and
gravity starts winning, it contracts.
259
00:18:00,234 --> 00:18:02,234
Density increases.
260
00:18:02,234 --> 00:18:03,234
Correct.
261
00:18:03,405 --> 00:18:04,421
Increasing gravity.
262
00:18:04,515 --> 00:18:06,351
- Increasing density.
- And?
263
00:18:06,405 --> 00:18:09,523
It's a vicious cycle until...
I mean, what's the limit here?
264
00:18:10,913 --> 00:18:11,991
I don't know.
265
00:18:12,171 --> 00:18:15,116
See where the math takes us. I guarantee
it's somewhere no one's been before.
266
00:18:15,194 --> 00:18:16,257
Me?
267
00:18:16,964 --> 00:18:18,964
Yes, you. Your math is better than mine.
268
00:18:20,784 --> 00:18:25,202
Dr. Oppenheimer's file contained
details of his activities in Berkeley.
269
00:18:25,284 --> 00:18:28,784
Why would they have started a file
on Dr. Oppenheimer before the war?
270
00:18:29,674 --> 00:18:31,952
Well, you'd have to ask Mr. Hoover.
271
00:18:32,096 --> 00:18:34,096
I'm asking you, Admiral Strauss!
272
00:18:34,431 --> 00:18:39,360
Uh, my assumption is that
it was connected to his, uh...
273
00:18:40,197 --> 00:18:42,853
left-wing political activities.
274
00:18:44,048 --> 00:18:46,649
You shouldn't let them bring their
politics in the classroom, Bobby.
275
00:18:47,563 --> 00:18:48,728
I wrote that.
276
00:18:48,955 --> 00:18:51,376
Lawrence, you embraced
the revolution in physics.
277
00:18:51,548 --> 00:18:53,337
Can't you see it everywhere else?
278
00:18:53,626 --> 00:18:55,728
Picasso, Stravinsky, Freud, Marx.
279
00:18:55,798 --> 00:18:58,548
Well, this is America, I mean.
We had our revolution.
280
00:18:59,680 --> 00:19:00,680
Seriously.
281
00:19:01,240 --> 00:19:02,240
Keep it out of the lab.
282
00:19:02,560 --> 00:19:04,280
Well, out of the lab,
283
00:19:04,520 --> 00:19:07,040
my landlady is having a
discussion room tonight.
284
00:19:07,454 --> 00:19:08,320
Interested?
285
00:19:08,320 --> 00:19:10,337
I have sampled the
Berkeley political scene.
286
00:19:10,446 --> 00:19:14,520
It's all just philosophy post-grads
and communists talking integration.
287
00:19:14,720 --> 00:19:15,920
You don't care
about integration?
288
00:19:16,200 --> 00:19:19,160
I want to vote for it, not talk
about it. Especially on a Friday.
289
00:19:19,440 --> 00:19:20,440
Come on, let's eat.
290
00:19:20,797 --> 00:19:22,037
I'm meeting my brother there.
291
00:19:22,800 --> 00:19:26,240
And how would these activities
have come to the attention of the FBI?
292
00:19:26,608 --> 00:19:30,488
Well, if I remember correctly,
the FBI was taking license plates
293
00:19:30,520 --> 00:19:34,080
outside suspected communist
gatherings and his name popped up.
294
00:19:42,617 --> 00:19:43,617
Jesus Christ.
295
00:19:43,880 --> 00:19:44,880
- Sorry.
- Frank.
296
00:19:47,021 --> 00:19:49,232
- Uh, you remember Jackie?
- [Good evening.]
297
00:19:55,835 --> 00:19:56,670
Robert!
298
00:19:56,732 --> 00:19:59,050
I want you to meet Chevalier.
299
00:19:59,264 --> 00:20:02,350
Dr. Haakon Chevalier,
Dr. Robert Oppenheimer.
300
00:20:02,428 --> 00:20:04,779
Pleasure, pleasure. This
is my little brother, Frank.
301
00:20:05,050 --> 00:20:06,818
- And this is...
- Still Jackie.
302
00:20:06,928 --> 00:20:08,193
Hello, Still Jackie.
303
00:20:08,311 --> 00:20:12,050
- Chevalier, you're in...
- Languages, and your reputation precedes you.
304
00:20:12,050 --> 00:20:13,050
What have you heard?
305
00:20:13,050 --> 00:20:15,217
That you're teaching a radical
new approach to physics.
306
00:20:15,326 --> 00:20:18,459
I have no chance of understanding,
but I haven't heard you're a party member.
307
00:20:18,529 --> 00:20:20,115
- But I'm not.
- Oh, not yet.
308
00:20:20,264 --> 00:20:22,272
Frank and I are thinking
of joining, just the other day.
309
00:20:22,311 --> 00:20:24,050
I support a range of causes.
310
00:20:24,256 --> 00:20:25,319
Spanish Civil War?
311
00:20:25,412 --> 00:20:28,279
A democratic republic being
overthrown by fascist thugs.
312
00:20:28,451 --> 00:20:29,717
- Who wouldn't?
- Our government.
313
00:20:29,779 --> 00:20:32,303
They think that socialism is
a bigger threat than fascism.
314
00:20:32,443 --> 00:20:34,850
Not for long. Look at what
the Nazis would do to the Jews.
315
00:20:35,050 --> 00:20:38,949
I send funds to colleagues in Germany
to emigrate. I have to do something.
316
00:20:39,847 --> 00:20:43,050
Ach, my own work is so... abstract.
317
00:20:43,230 --> 00:20:46,543
- What are you working on?
- What happens to stars when they die?
318
00:20:46,722 --> 00:20:48,355
Do stars die?
319
00:20:49,073 --> 00:20:53,035
Well, if they do, they'd
cool, then collapse. In fact,
320
00:20:53,128 --> 00:20:57,574
the bigger the star, the
more violent its demise.
321
00:20:57,824 --> 00:21:01,636
Their gravity gets so concentrated,
it swallows everything.
322
00:21:01,839 --> 00:21:04,519
- Everything, even life.
- Can that really happen?
323
00:21:04,854 --> 00:21:07,311
The math says it can.
If we can get published,
324
00:21:07,410 --> 00:21:09,504
then perhaps one day
an astronomer finds one.
325
00:21:09,574 --> 00:21:13,160
But right now all I have is theory,
which can't impact people's lives.
326
00:21:13,296 --> 00:21:16,976
Well, if you're going to send money to
Spain, do it through the Communist Party.
327
00:21:17,074 --> 00:21:18,336
They can get it to the front lines.
328
00:21:18,336 --> 00:21:19,376
Mary [similar ???], please.
329
00:21:21,477 --> 00:21:22,277
I'm Jean.
330
00:21:23,300 --> 00:21:24,016
Robert.
331
00:21:24,168 --> 00:21:26,816
Haakon Chevalier. Union
meeting at Serber's last month.
332
00:21:27,296 --> 00:21:29,616
Right, right, yes. Thank you.
333
00:21:30,464 --> 00:21:32,418
Robert here says
he's not a communist.
334
00:21:32,519 --> 00:21:34,644
Well, then he doesn't
know enough about it.
335
00:21:34,785 --> 00:21:38,277
Oh, I've read Das Kapital, all
three volumes. Does that count?
336
00:21:38,425 --> 00:21:40,410
It would make you better
read than most Party members.
337
00:21:40,652 --> 00:21:44,106
It's turgid stuff. There's some
thinking, um, ownership is theft.
338
00:21:44,457 --> 00:21:46,254
- Property.
- Property?
339
00:21:46,426 --> 00:21:47,699
Property, not ownership.
340
00:21:47,770 --> 00:21:49,691
I'm sorry, I read it in
the original German.
341
00:21:49,840 --> 00:21:50,840
Oh.
342
00:21:53,473 --> 00:21:55,816
It's not about the book.
It's about the ideas.
343
00:21:56,035 --> 00:21:57,816
And you sound uncommitted.
344
00:21:57,972 --> 00:22:00,972
I'm committed to thinking freely
about how to improve our world.
345
00:22:01,934 --> 00:22:04,066
Why limit yourself to one dogma?
346
00:22:04,191 --> 00:22:06,543
You're a physicist. You
pick and choose rules?
347
00:22:07,106 --> 00:22:10,652
Or do you use the discipline to
channel your energies into progress?
348
00:22:11,221 --> 00:22:12,910
I like a little wiggle room.
349
00:22:13,995 --> 00:22:15,995
You always tow the party line.
350
00:22:17,573 --> 00:22:19,348
I like my wiggle room, too.
351
00:22:29,763 --> 00:22:30,880
What?
352
00:22:31,717 --> 00:22:32,842
Wait, wait, wait!
353
00:22:36,754 --> 00:22:38,943
- Unexpected.
- What?
354
00:22:39,685 --> 00:22:40,584
For a physicist.
355
00:22:40,762 --> 00:22:42,974
You only have a shelf full of Freud?
356
00:22:43,263 --> 00:22:45,771
Well, actually, my background's more...
357
00:22:46,005 --> 00:22:47,240
Jungian?
358
00:22:48,818 --> 00:22:49,818
You know analysis.
359
00:22:50,216 --> 00:22:53,318
When I was a post-grad at
Cambridge, I had a little trouble.
360
00:22:54,612 --> 00:22:55,612
I'll bite.
361
00:22:55,670 --> 00:22:58,232
- I tried to poison my tutor.
- Did you hate him?
362
00:22:58,372 --> 00:23:01,381
- I liked him very much.
- You just need to get your lay.
363
00:23:01,662 --> 00:23:05,178
Took my analyst two years, and I don't
think they ever put it that succinctly.
364
00:23:05,295 --> 00:23:08,856
You thought everyone could boast you're
more complicated than you actually are.
365
00:23:09,068 --> 00:23:12,240
- We're all simple souls, I guess.
- [Not me.]
366
00:23:15,137 --> 00:23:16,137
What's this?
367
00:23:16,207 --> 00:23:17,207
Sanskrit.
368
00:23:17,496 --> 00:23:18,584
You can read this?
369
00:23:18,856 --> 00:23:19,856
I'm learning.
370
00:23:25,668 --> 00:23:26,865
Read this.
371
00:23:28,107 --> 00:23:31,762
Well, in this part, Vishnu
[assumes his many-armed form]...
372
00:23:31,873 --> 00:23:32,943
No, no.
373
00:23:34,099 --> 00:23:35,693
Read the words.
374
00:23:39,363 --> 00:23:41,497
"And now I am become Death.
375
00:23:47,491 --> 00:23:49,491
Destroyer of worlds."
376
00:24:19,178 --> 00:24:20,178
This'll do.
377
00:24:26,685 --> 00:24:27,959
We'll break before dawn.
378
00:24:28,357 --> 00:24:29,818
The air cools overnight.
379
00:24:30,153 --> 00:24:32,029
Just before dawn, we'll break.
380
00:24:43,021 --> 00:24:45,274
So, I'm getting married.
381
00:24:45,403 --> 00:24:47,274
Frank, congratulations!
382
00:24:47,386 --> 00:24:49,067
Thanks, thank you, Jackie.
383
00:24:49,169 --> 00:24:50,481
Yeah, to Jackie.
384
00:24:51,528 --> 00:24:52,481
The waitress.
385
00:24:52,646 --> 00:24:56,067
Oppie, you're right. He's letting
up. I'm gonna see if there's any stars.
386
00:24:56,403 --> 00:24:58,274
All your talk about the common man.
387
00:24:58,274 --> 00:25:00,274
Jackie's not good enough for you.
388
00:25:01,263 --> 00:25:03,274
We joined the party and you
can't hide your discipline now.
389
00:25:03,274 --> 00:25:04,274
Why?
390
00:25:04,274 --> 00:25:05,274
Is that because that's
supposed to be your thing?
391
00:25:05,274 --> 00:25:07,274
I haven't joined the party, Frank.
392
00:25:07,274 --> 00:25:09,274
And I don't think she should
have convinced you to either.
393
00:25:09,789 --> 00:25:12,789
- Half of the faculty is gonna be...
- Not that half.
394
00:25:13,696 --> 00:25:16,696
I'm your brother Frank, and
I want you to be cautious.
395
00:25:16,696 --> 00:25:18,696
And I wanna wring your neck!
396
00:25:20,289 --> 00:25:24,289
I won't live my life
afraid to make a mistake.
397
00:25:24,696 --> 00:25:28,696
You're happy. I'm happy.
398
00:25:28,696 --> 00:25:31,696
So then I'm happy you're
happy that I'm happy.
399
00:25:35,696 --> 00:25:38,696
I feel like I can see one of those
dark stars that you're working on.
400
00:25:38,696 --> 00:25:40,696
You can't.
401
00:25:40,896 --> 00:25:41,896
It's the whole point.
402
00:25:42,396 --> 00:25:43,896
Gravity swallows light.
403
00:25:45,396 --> 00:25:47,396
It's like a kind of hole in space.
404
00:25:48,396 --> 00:25:49,396
Is Frank okay?
405
00:25:49,896 --> 00:25:50,396
Yes.
406
00:25:50,396 --> 00:25:51,896
He just has a shitty brother.
407
00:25:53,396 --> 00:25:54,396
It is special here.
408
00:25:56,896 --> 00:25:57,896
When I was a kid,
409
00:25:59,396 --> 00:26:00,896
I thought if I could find a way
410
00:26:02,396 --> 00:26:03,896
to combine physics
411
00:26:05,012 --> 00:26:06,012
and New Mexico,
412
00:26:06,896 --> 00:26:08,123
my life would be perfect.
413
00:26:10,586 --> 00:26:12,586
A little remote for that, yes.
414
00:26:13,016 --> 00:26:15,016
Let's get some sleep.
415
00:26:15,633 --> 00:26:19,633
That mesa we saw today, one
of my favorite places in the world.
416
00:26:20,016 --> 00:26:23,016
Tomorrow we'll climb it. What's it called?
417
00:26:24,016 --> 00:26:26,016
Los Alamos.
418
00:26:29,016 --> 00:26:31,016
I didn't expect to see you today.
419
00:26:32,016 --> 00:26:34,016
I have to make an appointment.
420
00:26:35,016 --> 00:26:37,016
Hey, wait.
421
00:26:37,016 --> 00:26:39,016
Alvarez?
422
00:26:44,733 --> 00:26:47,000
Oppie! Oppie!
423
00:26:47,562 --> 00:26:49,110
What? What is it?
424
00:26:49,602 --> 00:26:50,664
They've done it.
425
00:26:50,689 --> 00:26:52,689
They've done it. Hahn and
Strassmann from Germany.
426
00:26:52,714 --> 00:26:54,714
They split the uranium nucleus.
427
00:26:55,586 --> 00:26:56,714
How?
428
00:26:58,266 --> 00:27:01,250
- Bombarding the neutrons.
- It's a nuclear fission.
429
00:27:01,446 --> 00:27:04,714
- They did it. They split the atom.
- It's not possible...
430
00:27:09,402 --> 00:27:11,402
I'm gonna try to reproduce it.
431
00:27:18,328 --> 00:27:20,626
See? Can't be done.
432
00:27:21,281 --> 00:27:22,626
Very elegant.
433
00:27:22,626 --> 00:27:24,626
Quite clear.
434
00:27:24,626 --> 00:27:25,626
There's just one problem.
435
00:27:25,626 --> 00:27:26,626
Where?
436
00:27:27,644 --> 00:27:29,055
Next door.
437
00:27:29,176 --> 00:27:30,626
Alvarez did it.
438
00:27:31,377 --> 00:27:32,601
Look!
439
00:27:33,426 --> 00:27:35,626
These fission pulses,
they're massive.
440
00:27:36,394 --> 00:27:39,626
I've seen 30 of these
in the past 10 minutes.
441
00:27:40,394 --> 00:27:42,949
Theory will take
you only so far.
442
00:27:44,204 --> 00:27:45,887
During the process,
443
00:27:46,722 --> 00:27:51,092
Extra neutrons boil off, which could
be used to split other uranium atoms.
444
00:27:51,269 --> 00:27:54,092
Chain reaction. You're
thinking what I'm thinking?
445
00:27:54,254 --> 00:27:58,222
[You, me,] every other physicist
around the world has seen it used.
446
00:27:58,972 --> 00:28:01,254
I'm just... What? What are we all thinking?
447
00:28:01,793 --> 00:28:05,011
A bomb, Alvarez.
448
00:28:05,558 --> 00:28:06,996
A bomb.
449
00:28:07,857 --> 00:28:10,738
I told you, Robert, no
more fucking flowers.
450
00:28:12,092 --> 00:28:15,691
- I don't understand what you want from me.
- I don't want anything from you.
451
00:28:16,736 --> 00:28:18,336
You say that and then you call.
452
00:28:18,336 --> 00:28:20,543
Well, don't answer.
453
00:28:21,336 --> 00:28:22,236
I'll always answer.
454
00:28:27,936 --> 00:28:29,416
Fine.
455
00:28:29,416 --> 00:28:31,949
Just no more flowers.
456
00:28:32,488 --> 00:28:34,550
You're not coming?
457
00:28:35,696 --> 00:28:38,496
You have to know when
you're beaten, Robert.
458
00:28:40,312 --> 00:28:42,312
It's not that simple, Hoke.
459
00:28:42,312 --> 00:28:44,312
Chevalier, good to see you.
460
00:28:44,312 --> 00:28:45,312
Good job, Barbara, good to see you.
461
00:28:45,312 --> 00:28:47,312
And illustrious Dr. Oppenheimer.
462
00:28:47,312 --> 00:28:49,312
I'm Eltenton. Come.
463
00:28:49,312 --> 00:28:50,312
Please, please.
464
00:28:50,312 --> 00:28:53,312
Let me have a say a word about
organized labor on campuses.
465
00:28:53,312 --> 00:28:54,312
Yes?
466
00:28:54,312 --> 00:28:56,312
Coming through, coming through.
467
00:28:56,312 --> 00:28:57,312
I work at Shell.
468
00:28:57,312 --> 00:28:59,312
We signed up chemists,
we signed up engineers.
469
00:28:59,312 --> 00:29:01,312
So why not scientists
and academia?
470
00:29:01,359 --> 00:29:03,882
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
471
00:29:14,768 --> 00:29:18,268
Teachers are unionized.
Why not professors?
472
00:29:18,268 --> 00:29:19,768
Don't you have somewhere to be?
473
00:29:19,768 --> 00:29:22,268
Lawrence, academics have rights, too.
474
00:29:22,268 --> 00:29:24,268
Look, it's not that. I've
got a group coming.
475
00:29:24,268 --> 00:29:27,268
- Oh. I'll sit in.
- Not this one.
476
00:29:33,268 --> 00:29:37,268
Richard, Dr. Bush. What
brings you two up north?
477
00:29:46,296 --> 00:29:50,296
Richard, you tell Ruth I'll be
down in Pasadena Thursday.
478
00:29:58,394 --> 00:30:01,015
Paper of Black Holes, it's in!
479
00:30:01,093 --> 00:30:06,394
Where's Hartland? Get
Hartland. Get Hartland.
480
00:30:06,394 --> 00:30:08,394
September 1st, 1939.
481
00:30:08,394 --> 00:30:10,394
The world's gonna
remember this day.
482
00:30:10,394 --> 00:30:14,394
Oh, Hartland, our paper.
It's in print.
483
00:30:14,394 --> 00:30:16,394
You've been upstaged.
484
00:30:19,155 --> 00:30:24,135
During the Battle of Britain, I found
myself increasingly out of sympathy with the
485
00:30:24,390 --> 00:30:27,928
policy of neutrality that
communists advocated.
486
00:30:27,928 --> 00:30:30,222
But after Hitler invaded
Russia and we became allies,
487
00:30:30,732 --> 00:30:32,903
these communist
sympathies, do they return?
488
00:30:33,272 --> 00:30:34,318
No.
489
00:30:35,185 --> 00:30:38,415
I need to make clear
that my changing views
490
00:30:38,553 --> 00:30:41,928
on Russia did not mean a short break
from those who held different views.
491
00:30:42,599 --> 00:30:44,830
For a year or two, during
a previous marriage,
492
00:30:44,854 --> 00:30:47,928
my wife, Kitty, had been a
Communist Party member.
493
00:30:52,794 --> 00:30:54,294
This is where I keep the good stuff.
494
00:30:54,294 --> 00:30:55,794
I thought this was
Mr. Toleman's house.
495
00:30:55,794 --> 00:30:57,794
I live with them
when I'm at Caltech.
496
00:30:57,794 --> 00:30:59,294
Do you two need anything?
497
00:30:59,294 --> 00:31:01,794
Welcome, Lucy.
498
00:31:01,794 --> 00:31:04,794
So, you're a biologist.
499
00:31:04,794 --> 00:31:08,294
Well, somehow I have
graduated to housewife.
500
00:31:08,294 --> 00:31:10,794
Can you explain quantum mechanics to me?
501
00:31:10,794 --> 00:31:12,294
Seems baffling.
502
00:31:12,294 --> 00:31:14,794
Yes, it is.
503
00:31:14,794 --> 00:31:17,294
Well, this glass.
504
00:31:17,294 --> 00:31:19,294
This drink.
505
00:31:19,294 --> 00:31:21,294
This countertop.
506
00:31:21,434 --> 00:31:22,348
Our bodies...
507
00:31:24,567 --> 00:31:25,762
All of it.
508
00:31:27,028 --> 00:31:28,512
It's mostly empty space.
509
00:31:28,872 --> 00:31:32,083
Groupings of tiny energy
waves bound together.
510
00:31:32,159 --> 00:31:33,159
By what?
511
00:31:33,231 --> 00:31:36,441
Forces of attraction strong
enough to convince us
512
00:31:37,036 --> 00:31:39,254
that matter is solid.
513
00:31:39,355 --> 00:31:42,355
It's not my body
passing through yours.
514
00:31:53,640 --> 00:31:55,640
You're married to Dr. Harrison.
515
00:31:55,876 --> 00:31:57,876
I'm not married.
516
00:31:58,954 --> 00:32:01,954
There is someone that I feel...
517
00:32:01,954 --> 00:32:03,954
She feels that way.
518
00:32:03,954 --> 00:32:05,954
Sometimes.
519
00:32:05,954 --> 00:32:07,954
Not enough.
520
00:32:08,628 --> 00:32:10,954
You know, I'm going to New Mexico.
521
00:32:10,954 --> 00:32:13,308
To my ranch with friends.
522
00:32:13,441 --> 00:32:14,954
You should come.
523
00:32:14,954 --> 00:32:16,954
I meant with your husband.
524
00:32:16,954 --> 00:32:18,954
Yes, you did.
525
00:32:18,954 --> 00:32:20,954
Because you know it won't
make a bit of difference.
526
00:32:25,737 --> 00:32:27,198
Why did you marry him?
527
00:32:27,362 --> 00:32:30,600
I was lost and he was kind.
528
00:32:32,331 --> 00:32:33,600
Lost?
529
00:32:33,600 --> 00:32:36,511
Well, my previous
husband had died...
530
00:32:37,324 --> 00:32:39,808
at 28, and I wasn't really
ready to be a widow.
531
00:32:39,936 --> 00:32:40,936
Who's your first husband?
532
00:32:40,936 --> 00:32:41,936
Nobody.
533
00:32:41,936 --> 00:32:43,936
My second husband was Joe Dallet.
534
00:32:43,936 --> 00:32:46,885
He was, um, from
money like me, but
535
00:32:46,909 --> 00:32:49,936
he was a union organizer
in Youngstown, Ohio.
536
00:32:49,936 --> 00:32:51,193
Felt hard.
537
00:32:51,747 --> 00:32:52,747
How hard?
538
00:32:52,873 --> 00:32:55,338
Hard enough to spend the next four
years living off beans and pancakes,
539
00:32:55,362 --> 00:32:57,936
handing out the Daily
Worker at factory gates.
540
00:32:58,904 --> 00:33:00,904
By 36, I just told Joe I
couldn't take it anymore.
541
00:33:00,936 --> 00:33:01,936
I quit the party.
542
00:33:01,936 --> 00:33:03,936
A year later, I wanted him back.
543
00:33:03,936 --> 00:33:05,840
Him, not the Daily Worker.
544
00:33:06,081 --> 00:33:08,443
He says "Well, I'll meet
you on my way to Spain."
545
00:33:08,506 --> 00:33:09,840
Went to fight for the Loyalists?
546
00:33:09,840 --> 00:33:11,840
And then he went to
the Brigades and I waited.
547
00:33:11,840 --> 00:33:13,840
And?
548
00:33:14,420 --> 00:33:17,840
Joe got himself killed first time he
popped his head out of the trench.
549
00:33:17,840 --> 00:33:20,840
Ideology got Joe killed.
For nothing.
550
00:33:20,840 --> 00:33:22,840
The Spanish Republic is a nothing.
551
00:33:22,840 --> 00:33:25,039
My husband offered
both our futures to stop
552
00:33:25,063 --> 00:33:27,840
one fascist bullet from
embedding itself in a mud bank.
553
00:33:27,840 --> 00:33:30,840
That's the definition of nothing.
554
00:33:31,253 --> 00:33:32,253
Seems a little reductive.
555
00:33:32,316 --> 00:33:34,316
Pragmatic.
556
00:33:35,172 --> 00:33:36,941
Now here I am.
557
00:33:39,047 --> 00:33:40,394
[In the middle of nowhere.]
558
00:33:47,368 --> 00:33:50,368
I didn't want you to
hear it from anyone else.
559
00:33:53,020 --> 00:33:55,146
At least you didn't bring me flowers.
560
00:34:02,122 --> 00:34:05,122
We both know I'm not
what you want, Jean.
561
00:34:05,122 --> 00:34:08,122
Yeah, but it's a door closing.
562
00:34:08,122 --> 00:34:10,122
No.
563
00:34:11,122 --> 00:34:14,122
Not as far as I'm concerned, no.
564
00:34:14,122 --> 00:34:17,122
You knocked her up. Fast work.
565
00:34:17,223 --> 00:34:19,223
Can't keep a good man down.
566
00:34:19,856 --> 00:34:21,856
I meant her.
567
00:34:22,022 --> 00:34:24,849
She knew what she wanted.
What about the husband?
568
00:34:24,984 --> 00:34:28,045
We talked. They're
getting a divorce.
569
00:34:28,177 --> 00:34:31,984
So we can get married
before she starts showing.
570
00:34:32,108 --> 00:34:34,108
How civilized.
571
00:34:35,523 --> 00:34:38,523
You idiot. This is
your community.
572
00:34:38,984 --> 00:34:41,984
You think the rules don't
apply to the golden boy?
573
00:34:41,984 --> 00:34:43,984
Brilliance makes up for a lot.
574
00:34:44,739 --> 00:34:48,692
Don't alienate the only people in
the world that understand what you do.
575
00:34:50,035 --> 00:34:52,658
One day you may need them.
576
00:34:54,124 --> 00:34:59,105
Federation of Architects,
Engineers, Chemists, Technicians.
577
00:35:04,762 --> 00:35:05,762
Lomanitz?
578
00:35:05,762 --> 00:35:08,466
- What do you get paid a month?
- That's not the point, Lawrence.
579
00:35:08,505 --> 00:35:12,762
What do any of you have in common
with farm laborers and dock workers?
580
00:35:13,231 --> 00:35:14,231
Plenty.
581
00:35:15,715 --> 00:35:16,715
Everybody out.
582
00:35:16,934 --> 00:35:17,934
Now!
583
00:35:22,187 --> 00:35:23,716
Not you.
584
00:35:29,223 --> 00:35:30,385
What are you doing?
585
00:35:31,247 --> 00:35:32,410
It's a trade union.
586
00:35:32,661 --> 00:35:34,410
Filled with communists.
587
00:35:34,410 --> 00:35:35,973
So? I never joined the party.
588
00:35:35,998 --> 00:35:38,410
They won't let me bring you onto
the project because of this shit.
589
00:35:39,286 --> 00:35:41,239
They won't even let me
tell you what the project is.
590
00:35:41,294 --> 00:35:44,410
- Oh, I know what the project is.
- Oh, really?
591
00:35:44,410 --> 00:35:47,325
We've all heard about Einstein
and Siller's letter to Roosevelt
592
00:35:47,364 --> 00:35:48,848
warning him that Germans
could make a bomb,
593
00:35:48,903 --> 00:35:51,872
and I know what it means
for the Nazis to have a bomb.
594
00:35:52,153 --> 00:35:53,325
And I don't?
595
00:35:53,419 --> 00:35:57,419
It's not your people they're
herding into camps. It's mine.
596
00:35:57,968 --> 00:36:00,968
You think that I tell
them about your politics?
597
00:36:02,708 --> 00:36:04,497
The next time you're
coming home from a meeting,
598
00:36:04,622 --> 00:36:06,708
why don't you take a
look in the rearview mirror?
599
00:36:06,911 --> 00:36:11,606
Listen to the sounds on your phone
line and stop being so goddamn naive.
600
00:36:12,903 --> 00:36:14,489
Why would they care what I do?
601
00:36:14,546 --> 00:36:18,546
Because you're not just
self-important, you're actually important.
602
00:36:21,538 --> 00:36:22,538
Okay.
603
00:36:23,828 --> 00:36:24,828
I get it.
604
00:36:25,097 --> 00:36:27,714
If you could just be a
little more pragmatic...
605
00:36:28,012 --> 00:36:31,715
I'll talk to Lomanitz, I'll talk to the
others. You don't have to worry. It's done.
606
00:36:31,984 --> 00:36:32,984
Lawrence.
607
00:36:37,921 --> 00:36:38,921
Then welcome to the war.
608
00:36:39,911 --> 00:36:44,674
I filled out my first security questionnaire,
and was informed that my involvement with
609
00:36:44,674 --> 00:36:49,294
with the left-wing groups would not prove
a bar to my working on the atomic program.
610
00:36:49,364 --> 00:36:54,934
Why were his Communist associations
not seen as a security risk during the war?
611
00:36:55,028 --> 00:36:58,743
Senator, I can't possibly answer
for a security clearance granted years
612
00:36:58,775 --> 00:37:01,714
- before I ever met the man.
- Fine. What about after?
613
00:37:02,031 --> 00:37:07,359
After the war, Dr. Oppenheimer was the most
respected scientific voice in the world.
614
00:37:07,640 --> 00:37:09,904
That's why I asked
him to run the Institute.
615
00:37:09,904 --> 00:37:12,704
That's why he advised the
Atomic Energy Commission.
616
00:37:13,000 --> 00:37:15,904
- So who's that?
- Really accusing me of...
617
00:37:16,430 --> 00:37:20,058
I think they just want to know what
happened between 1947 and 1954
618
00:37:20,144 --> 00:37:22,292
to change your mind on
Oppenheimer's security clearance.
619
00:37:22,601 --> 00:37:26,496
I didn't. I was chair of
the AEC, but it wasn't me
620
00:37:26,929 --> 00:37:29,688
that brought the charges against Robert.
- Who did?
621
00:37:29,688 --> 00:37:32,191
Some former staff member
of the Joint Congressional Committee.
622
00:37:32,215 --> 00:37:34,688
He was a rabid
anti-communist named Bordon.
623
00:37:34,913 --> 00:37:37,688
He wrote to the FBI
demanding they take action.
624
00:37:37,811 --> 00:37:42,688
- The FBI? Why not go to the AEC, Director?
- And get caught holding the knife yourself.
625
00:37:42,861 --> 00:37:44,408
What did Borden have
against Oppenheimer?
626
00:37:44,482 --> 00:37:46,088
This is the McCarthy era.
627
00:37:47,065 --> 00:37:50,377
People hounded out of
jobs for any hint of red.
628
00:37:51,629 --> 00:37:54,683
Reading Oppenheimer's security
file of his communist brother,
629
00:37:54,849 --> 00:37:57,654
sister-in-law, fiancee,
best friend, wife.
630
00:37:57,951 --> 00:38:00,083
It's before we even
get to the Chevaliers.
631
00:38:00,235 --> 00:38:02,794
But how would Borden have
access to Oppenheimer's security file?
632
00:38:03,393 --> 00:38:05,108
Because somebody gave it to him.
633
00:38:06,371 --> 00:38:08,529
Somebody who
wanted Robert silenced.
634
00:38:08,670 --> 00:38:10,695
- Who?
- Who knows?
635
00:38:10,803 --> 00:38:15,152
Robert didn't take care not to upset
the power brokers in Washington.
636
00:38:15,624 --> 00:38:18,344
His opinions on the atom became definitive,
637
00:38:18,344 --> 00:38:21,187
and he wasn't always
patient with us mere mortals.
638
00:38:24,469 --> 00:38:27,544
I came in for plenty of harsh
treatment. There was a...
639
00:38:28,301 --> 00:38:32,306
AEC vote on the export
of isotopes to Norway,
640
00:38:32,330 --> 00:38:35,080
and they drafted up [?] Robert
to make me look like a fool.
641
00:38:35,189 --> 00:38:39,783
But Dr. Oppenheimer, we've already heard
from Admiral Strauss that these isotopes
642
00:38:40,091 --> 00:38:42,771
could be useful to our enemies in
the production of atomic weapons.
643
00:38:42,903 --> 00:38:47,070
Congressman, you could use a shovel
in making atomic weapons. In fact you do.
644
00:38:47,094 --> 00:38:51,032
You could use a bottle of beer in
making atomic weapons. In fact you do.
645
00:38:51,105 --> 00:38:54,808
I say isotopes are less useful
than electronic components,
646
00:38:54,909 --> 00:38:57,347
but more
useful than a sandwich!
647
00:39:00,502 --> 00:39:02,570
Genius is no guarantee of wisdom.
648
00:39:03,157 --> 00:39:06,157
How could this man who saw so much be so blind?
649
00:39:15,176 --> 00:39:17,176
Kitty?
650
00:39:21,175 --> 00:39:22,458
Kitty?
651
00:39:23,269 --> 00:39:24,458
Kitty?
652
00:39:24,987 --> 00:39:26,458
The project.
653
00:39:26,458 --> 00:39:28,458
I'm in.
654
00:39:28,458 --> 00:39:30,458
I'm in.
655
00:39:30,458 --> 00:39:32,458
Let's celebrate.
656
00:39:37,200 --> 00:39:39,200
Shouldn't you go with him?
657
00:39:43,437 --> 00:39:47,437
I have been calling to him all fucking day.
658
00:40:11,674 --> 00:40:15,674
I don't know how to say this.
I'm ashamed to ask.
659
00:40:15,889 --> 00:40:17,625
Anything.
660
00:40:17,650 --> 00:40:20,766
- Take Peter.
- Sure.
661
00:40:20,907 --> 00:40:23,969
For a while, Hoke. A while.
662
00:40:26,110 --> 00:40:29,508
Does Kitty know you're here?
Yes, of course she knows.
663
00:40:30,344 --> 00:40:33,674
Of course she knows.
We're awful people.
664
00:40:33,805 --> 00:40:35,532
Selfish, awful people.
665
00:40:37,266 --> 00:40:38,368
Can I ask?
666
00:40:38,413 --> 00:40:40,391
Selfish, awful people.
667
00:40:40,451 --> 00:40:42,451
They don't know
they're selfish and awful.
668
00:40:43,413 --> 00:40:45,413
Sit, sit, sit.
669
00:40:46,312 --> 00:40:50,312
Robert, you see beyond
the world we live in.
670
00:40:51,491 --> 00:40:53,896
There is a price
to be paid for that.
671
00:40:54,194 --> 00:40:56,194
Of course, we'll help you.
672
00:41:06,234 --> 00:41:08,686
Everything's changing,
Rucker [?] and I.
673
00:41:09,069 --> 00:41:10,967
Having a child was
always going to...
674
00:41:11,053 --> 00:41:14,234
The world is pivoting
in some new direction.
675
00:41:15,000 --> 00:41:17,000
Reforming.
676
00:41:18,741 --> 00:41:20,741
This is your moment.
677
00:41:21,905 --> 00:41:24,999
- We're putting together a crew to study...
- We shouldn't be doing anything.
678
00:41:25,155 --> 00:41:26,647
You should.
679
00:41:26,849 --> 00:41:31,225
Lawrence won't get this done.
Or Tolman, or Rabi. You will.
680
00:41:40,139 --> 00:41:41,913
Who are the uniforms?
681
00:41:42,528 --> 00:41:44,528
I thought you might know.
682
00:41:45,514 --> 00:41:47,749
Dr. Oppenheimer.
683
00:41:48,795 --> 00:41:52,085
I'm Colonel Groves.
This is Lieutenant Colonel Nichols.
684
00:41:52,232 --> 00:41:54,232
Have that dry-cleaned.
685
00:41:58,256 --> 00:42:00,514
Well, if that's how you treat...
686
00:42:00,741 --> 00:42:05,006
a Lieutenant Colonel, I'd hate to
see how you treat a humble physicist.
687
00:42:05,100 --> 00:42:06,514
If I ever meet one,
I'll let you know.
688
00:42:07,285 --> 00:42:08,382
Ouch.
689
00:42:08,468 --> 00:42:11,782
Fears of combat all over the world,
but I have to stay in Washington.
690
00:42:12,384 --> 00:42:13,353
Why?
691
00:42:13,463 --> 00:42:15,838
I built the Pentagon.
The brass likes it so much,
692
00:42:15,892 --> 00:42:19,072
they made me take over the
Manhattan Engineer District.
693
00:42:19,640 --> 00:42:20,907
Which is?
694
00:42:21,454 --> 00:42:23,739
Be a smartass. You
know damn well what it is.
695
00:42:23,780 --> 00:42:25,627
You and half of every
physics department
696
00:42:25,651 --> 00:42:27,916
across the country, that's
problem number one.
697
00:42:28,241 --> 00:42:31,217
I thought problem number one
would be securing enough uranium ore.
698
00:42:31,498 --> 00:42:33,998
1,200 tons. Bought
the day I took charge.
699
00:42:34,023 --> 00:42:34,989
Processing?
700
00:42:35,030 --> 00:42:37,967
Just broke ground at
Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
701
00:42:38,016 --> 00:42:40,016
Now I'm looking
for a project director.
702
00:42:40,498 --> 00:42:42,016
And my name came up.
703
00:42:42,364 --> 00:42:43,482
Nope.
704
00:42:44,119 --> 00:42:47,734
Even though you brought quantum
physics to America, which made me curious.
705
00:42:48,144 --> 00:42:50,078
What have you found out?
706
00:42:50,515 --> 00:42:54,203
You're a dilettante, a womanizer,
a suspected communist.
707
00:42:54,312 --> 00:42:55,812
I'm a New Deal Democrat.
708
00:42:55,842 --> 00:42:57,155
I said "suspected."
709
00:42:57,357 --> 00:43:01,445
Unstable, theatrical,
egotistical, neurotic.
710
00:43:01,578 --> 00:43:04,289
Nothing good, no. Not
even "he's brilliant," but...
711
00:43:04,500 --> 00:43:07,144
Well, brilliance is taken for
granted in your circle, so no.
712
00:43:07,695 --> 00:43:10,937
The only person who had anything
good to say was Richard Tolman.
713
00:43:11,343 --> 00:43:14,070
Tolman thinks you have integrity, but...
714
00:43:14,176 --> 00:43:17,999
He also strikes me as a guy who
knows more about science than people.
715
00:43:18,176 --> 00:43:21,876
Yet here you are. You
don't take much on trust.
716
00:43:21,876 --> 00:43:23,876
I don't take anything on trust.
717
00:43:27,276 --> 00:43:29,976
- Why don't you have a Nobel Prize?
- Why aren't you a general?
718
00:43:29,976 --> 00:43:32,576
- They're making me one for this.
- Perhaps I'll have the same luck.
719
00:43:32,576 --> 00:43:34,076
A Nobel Prize for making a bomb?
720
00:43:34,076 --> 00:43:36,076
Alfred Nobel invented dynamite.
721
00:43:38,876 --> 00:43:40,876
So how would you proceed?
722
00:43:41,999 --> 00:43:46,199
You're talking about turning theory
into a practical weapon system
723
00:43:46,686 --> 00:43:49,864
faster than the Nazis.
- We'll have a 12-month head start.
724
00:43:49,864 --> 00:43:51,864
- 18.
- How could you possibly know that?
725
00:43:51,999 --> 00:43:54,319
Our fast neutron
research took six months.
726
00:43:54,374 --> 00:43:57,164
The man they've undoubtedly put in
charge would have made that leap instantly.
727
00:43:57,164 --> 00:43:59,464
- Who do you think they put in charge?
- Ferdinand Heisenberg.
728
00:43:59,528 --> 00:44:03,639
He has the most intuitive understanding
of atomic structure I have ever seen.
729
00:44:03,664 --> 00:44:06,538
- You know his work?
- I know him, just like I know Walter.
730
00:44:06,616 --> 00:44:09,741
Both of them, von Weizsacker, Diebner.
In a straight race, the Germans win.
731
00:44:10,048 --> 00:44:11,048
We've got one hope.
732
00:44:11,147 --> 00:44:12,569
Which is?
733
00:44:13,217 --> 00:44:14,967
Anti-Semitism.
734
00:44:16,037 --> 00:44:16,888
What?
735
00:44:16,958 --> 00:44:21,302
Hitler called quantum physics
"Jewish science," right to Einstein's face.
736
00:44:21,403 --> 00:44:24,665
Our one hope is that
Hitler is so blinded by hate,
737
00:44:24,794 --> 00:44:28,411
that he's denied Heisenberg proper
resources, because it'll take vast resources.
738
00:44:28,505 --> 00:44:31,280
Our nation's best scientists working
together. Right now they're scattered.
739
00:44:31,369 --> 00:44:33,104
Which gives us
compartmentalization.
740
00:44:33,232 --> 00:44:36,377
All minds have to see the
whole task to contribute efficiently.
741
00:44:36,487 --> 00:44:40,131
Poor security may cost
us the race. Inefficiency will.
742
00:44:40,545 --> 00:44:43,865
- The Germans know more than us anyway.
- The Russians don't.
743
00:44:45,061 --> 00:44:48,320
Remind me, who
were we at war with?
744
00:44:48,545 --> 00:44:51,898
Somebody with your past doesn't
want to be seen downplaying the
745
00:44:51,960 --> 00:44:55,116
importance of security
from our communist allies.
746
00:44:55,491 --> 00:44:58,116
Point taken, but no.
747
00:44:58,218 --> 00:44:59,663
You don't get to say no to me.
748
00:44:59,734 --> 00:45:02,101
My job is to say no to
you, and you're wrong.
749
00:45:02,437 --> 00:45:06,320
- So you have the job now?
- Well, I'm considering it.
750
00:45:08,687 --> 00:45:11,294
I'm starting to see where
you got your reputation.
751
00:45:12,343 --> 00:45:16,802
My favorite response: Oppenheimer
couldn't run a hamburger stand.
752
00:45:18,481 --> 00:45:20,481
I couldn't.
753
00:45:21,546 --> 00:45:24,145
But I can run the Manhattan Project.
[(And the 1xBet slots, apparently.)]
754
00:45:24,318 --> 00:45:26,472
BWOO-WOMP
755
00:45:28,495 --> 00:45:30,650
BWOO-WOMP
756
00:45:31,439 --> 00:45:34,141
JUST PICK ONE IDIOT
757
00:45:34,353 --> 00:45:35,478
OH WAIT
758
00:45:35,544 --> 00:45:37,727
DID YOU KNOW THAT YOU'RE RICH?!
759
00:45:37,790 --> 00:45:39,400
HOLY FUCK I LOVE PAYING TAXES
760
00:45:40,391 --> 00:45:42,688
SO DEEP SO META YOU'RE WATCHING
OPPENHEIMER BUT IT'S 1XBET ALL THE WAY DOWN
761
00:45:42,782 --> 00:45:44,278
COOL TWIST LIKE THAT BEN
AFFLECK MOVIE HYPNOSIS
762
00:45:45,241 --> 00:45:47,241
There's a way to balance those things.
763
00:45:47,872 --> 00:45:50,926
Keep the rad lab here at
Berkeley, under Lawrence.
764
00:45:51,075 --> 00:45:53,332
Met lab in Chicago,
under Szilard.
765
00:45:53,411 --> 00:45:55,577
The large-scale refinery,
where did you say, Tennessee?
766
00:45:55,602 --> 00:45:57,602
- And Hanford.
- And Hanford.
767
00:45:57,602 --> 00:46:01,059
All America's industrial,
mining, scientific innovation,
768
00:46:01,239 --> 00:46:06,082
connected by rail, focused on one
goal, one point in space and time.
769
00:46:06,340 --> 00:46:09,879
And it comes together here, in a secret
laboratory. In the middle of nowhere,
770
00:46:10,043 --> 00:46:12,791
secure, self-sufficient.
Equipment, housing, the works.
771
00:46:12,915 --> 00:46:17,041
Keep everyone there until it's done.
They'll need a school, stores, a church.
772
00:46:17,120 --> 00:46:17,971
Why?
773
00:46:18,088 --> 00:46:21,010
If we don't let scientists bring their
families, we'll never get the best.
774
00:46:21,174 --> 00:46:23,807
You want security built in town?
Build it fast.
775
00:46:23,922 --> 00:46:24,922
Where?
776
00:46:28,846 --> 00:46:30,602
Welcome to Los Alamos.
777
00:46:30,838 --> 00:46:33,173
Look, there's a boys' school
we'll have to commandeer,
778
00:46:33,252 --> 00:46:35,502
and the local Indians could
not bear for buried rights, but...
779
00:46:35,682 --> 00:46:38,602
But from that, nothing.
Forty miles, any direction.
780
00:46:38,602 --> 00:46:40,602
We'll have to find the perfect spot.
781
00:46:40,602 --> 00:46:42,602
- For?
- Success.
782
00:46:47,838 --> 00:46:50,885
Build the town. Fast.
783
00:46:51,864 --> 00:46:53,864
Let's go recruit some scientists.
784
00:46:54,090 --> 00:46:55,572
Why would I leave my family?
785
00:46:55,751 --> 00:46:57,393
I told you, you could
bring your family.
786
00:46:57,557 --> 00:46:59,807
I'm not a soldier, are we?
A soldier?
787
00:47:00,074 --> 00:47:02,682
There's the general, I've
got all the soldier I need.
788
00:47:03,190 --> 00:47:04,424
What can I tell them?
789
00:47:04,713 --> 00:47:08,424
Heisenberg, Diebner, Bothe and Bohr.
What do these men have in common?
790
00:47:08,496 --> 00:47:11,277
- The greatest minds on atomic theory.
- Yes, and?
791
00:47:12,097 --> 00:47:16,715
As much as you like. Until
you feel my boot on your balls.
792
00:47:17,462 --> 00:47:20,604
You know isotopes, and you know
explosives better than anyone in the world.
793
00:47:21,191 --> 00:47:23,191
But you can't tell us what you're doing.
794
00:47:26,426 --> 00:47:29,926
I don't know how Nazis have them.
The newsboys in Copenhagen...
795
00:47:29,926 --> 00:47:33,051
Under Nazi occupation, did they
stop printing newspapers in Princeton?
796
00:47:33,183 --> 00:47:36,426
Why would we go to the middle of
nowhere for who knows how long?
797
00:47:36,426 --> 00:47:38,426
- For a year or two or three?
798
00:47:39,840 --> 00:47:43,426
My general, could you...
give us a moment?
799
00:47:44,426 --> 00:47:47,176
It's about unleashing
a strong force...
800
00:47:48,426 --> 00:47:51,816
...before the Nazis do.
- Oh my God.
801
00:47:52,012 --> 00:47:53,968
- It was all work for the Nazis.
- No, never.
802
00:47:53,968 --> 00:47:55,968
- Not they, [?] have we?
- We don't.
803
00:47:56,222 --> 00:47:57,699
That's why I need you.
804
00:47:57,801 --> 00:48:00,918
- Why would you think I'd do that?
- Why? Why?
805
00:48:01,785 --> 00:48:04,367
How about because this is the most
important fucking thing to ever
806
00:48:04,391 --> 00:48:05,801
happen in the history
of the world?
807
00:48:05,968 --> 00:48:07,152
How about that?
808
00:48:07,843 --> 00:48:08,843
Fuck.
809
00:48:13,709 --> 00:48:15,709
They're not going to
let me onto this project.
810
00:48:16,777 --> 00:48:20,269
And failing a security check is not going
to be good for a career even after the war.
811
00:48:20,371 --> 00:48:22,777
So you're a fellow traveler. So what?
812
00:48:23,230 --> 00:48:27,347
This is a national emergency. I've got
some skeletons, they put me in charge.
813
00:48:27,690 --> 00:48:30,582
- They need us.
- Until they don't.
814
00:48:34,321 --> 00:48:36,477
Is there any chance of
getting Bohr out of Denmark?
815
00:48:36,633 --> 00:48:38,969
No, no dice. I checked
with the British.
816
00:48:39,936 --> 00:48:43,258
Until we get Allied boots back onto
the continent, there's just no way.
817
00:48:44,936 --> 00:48:45,936
Is he that important?
818
00:48:46,071 --> 00:48:49,274
How many people do you know
who've proved Einstein wrong?
819
00:48:50,645 --> 00:48:52,645
It really would be
quicker to take a plane.
820
00:48:52,678 --> 00:48:55,678
No, a plane's too risky.
The country needs us.
821
00:48:59,045 --> 00:49:02,354
Harvard guys, they say the
building's too small for this cyclotron.
822
00:49:04,818 --> 00:49:06,721
Get them together with the architects.
823
00:49:09,908 --> 00:49:12,443
When's this place supposed to open?
824
00:49:14,310 --> 00:49:16,018
Two months.
825
00:49:16,732 --> 00:49:20,474
Robert, you're the great
improviser, but this...
826
00:49:21,013 --> 00:49:23,018
you can't do in your head.
827
00:49:23,954 --> 00:49:28,673
Four emissions.
Experimental, theoretical,
828
00:49:28,813 --> 00:49:31,018
metallurgical.
- Who's running theoretical?
829
00:49:31,181 --> 00:49:33,806
- I am.
- That's what I was afraid of.
830
00:49:34,063 --> 00:49:35,501
You're spread too thin.
831
00:49:36,171 --> 00:49:37,993
So you take theoretical.
832
00:49:40,723 --> 00:49:44,392
I'm not coming here, Robert.
833
00:49:49,465 --> 00:49:51,465
Why not?
834
00:49:57,477 --> 00:50:01,165
You drop a bomb, and it
falls on the just and the unjust.
835
00:50:02,071 --> 00:50:04,513
I don't wish the culmination
of three centuries
836
00:50:04,537 --> 00:50:07,267
of physics to be a weapon
of mass destruction.
837
00:50:16,626 --> 00:50:22,852
Izzy, I don't know if we can
be trusted with such a weapon,
838
00:50:24,299 --> 00:50:27,931
but I know the Nazis can't.
839
00:50:31,285 --> 00:50:33,285
They have no choice.
840
00:50:38,143 --> 00:50:43,243
The second thing you have to do is appoint
Hans Bethe to run the theoretical division.
841
00:50:44,854 --> 00:50:46,854
Wait. What was the first?
842
00:50:46,907 --> 00:50:50,517
Take off that ridiculous
uniform. You're a scientist.
843
00:50:50,688 --> 00:50:54,577
- Groves is insisting we join.
- Tell Groves to go shit in his hat.
844
00:50:54,734 --> 00:50:59,604
They need us for who we are.
So be yourself. Only better.
845
00:51:38,866 --> 00:51:42,850
This is the only key.
And Teller's already here.
846
00:51:43,012 --> 00:51:45,952
- Can I just show him in?
- No, let's wait for the others.
847
00:51:53,272 --> 00:51:56,530
- Let's get started.
- Hello, Edward.
848
00:51:56,639 --> 00:51:57,641
Yes?
849
00:51:57,819 --> 00:52:03,045
Gentlemen, we will work here until
the T-section at Los Alamos is finished.
850
00:52:03,123 --> 00:52:05,467
- Edward, can I?
- This is more important.
851
00:52:07,256 --> 00:52:11,514
When I calculated the chain reaction,
I found a rather terrible possibility.
852
00:52:12,295 --> 00:52:17,569
No, this can't be right.
Show me how you did your calculations.
853
00:52:17,626 --> 00:52:18,626
Yes.
854
00:52:28,694 --> 00:52:29,858
This is fantasy.
855
00:52:30,373 --> 00:52:32,122
Teller's calculations
can't be right.
856
00:52:32,803 --> 00:52:34,873
Do it yourself, while
I'm at Princeton.
857
00:52:35,061 --> 00:52:37,264
- What for?
- To talk to Einstein.
858
00:52:37,417 --> 00:52:39,686
But there's not much common
ground between the two.
859
00:52:39,770 --> 00:52:41,770
That's why I
should get his view.
860
00:52:45,882 --> 00:52:47,434
Albert.
861
00:52:47,921 --> 00:52:52,257
Ah, Dr. Oppenheimer.
Have you met Dr. Godel?
862
00:52:52,421 --> 00:52:54,085
We walk here most days.
863
00:52:54,435 --> 00:52:58,053
Trees are the most
inspiring structures.
864
00:52:58,631 --> 00:53:00,857
- Albert, might I have a word?
865
00:53:00,960 --> 00:53:03,257
Of course. Excuse me.
866
00:53:04,796 --> 00:53:07,311
Some days, Kurt refuses to meet.
867
00:53:07,522 --> 00:53:12,444
Even Princeton is convinced that
the Nazis can poison his food, hm?
868
00:53:13,434 --> 00:53:14,959
Hmm?
869
00:53:17,761 --> 00:53:19,761
What?
870
00:53:23,131 --> 00:53:27,350
- Whose work is this?
- Teller's.
871
00:53:28,327 --> 00:53:30,514
What do you take it to mean?
872
00:53:30,952 --> 00:53:36,225
Neutrons smash into nucleus, releasing
neutrons to smash into other nuclei.
873
00:53:37,060 --> 00:53:40,506
Criticality, point of no return,
massive explosive force-
874
00:53:40,873 --> 00:53:43,045
But this time the chain
reaction doesn't stop.
875
00:53:44,053 --> 00:53:46,116
It would ignite the atmosphere.
876
00:53:48,092 --> 00:53:52,092
If we detonate an atomic device
we might start a chain reaction that...
877
00:53:53,372 --> 00:53:54,372
...destroys the world.
878
00:53:55,703 --> 00:53:57,421
So here we are, hm?
879
00:53:57,485 --> 00:54:03,710
Lost in your quantum world of
probabilities, and needing certainty.
880
00:54:04,256 --> 00:54:06,749
- Can you run the calculations yourself?
- No, no.
881
00:54:06,920 --> 00:54:11,475
About the only thing you and I have in
common is a disdain for mathematics.
882
00:54:11,655 --> 00:54:14,376
- Was working on this in Berkeley.
- Hans Bethe.
883
00:54:14,710 --> 00:54:16,944
Well, you'll get to the truth.
884
00:54:18,452 --> 00:54:20,991
And if the truth is catastrophic?
885
00:54:21,374 --> 00:54:25,592
Then you stop, and you share
your findings with the Nazis.
886
00:54:26,389 --> 00:54:28,842
So neither side
destroys the world.
887
00:54:32,577 --> 00:54:37,397
Robert, this is yours. Not mine.
888
00:54:50,835 --> 00:54:53,577
Teller's wrong.
He's wrong.
889
00:55:03,460 --> 00:55:07,303
When you know Teller's critical
assumptions, the real picture emerges.
890
00:55:07,398 --> 00:55:08,538
[In short?]
891
00:55:09,233 --> 00:55:12,145
The chances of an uncontrolled
nuclear reaction are near-zero.
892
00:55:12,248 --> 00:55:13,896
Near... zero?
893
00:55:14,912 --> 00:55:17,239
Oppie, this is good news.
894
00:55:18,466 --> 00:55:21,420
- Can you run them again?
- No, you'll get the same answer.
895
00:55:21,632 --> 00:55:25,155
To actually detonate one of these things, the
best assurance you're going to get is this.
896
00:55:25,675 --> 00:55:27,675
Near zero.
897
00:55:30,209 --> 00:55:32,174
Theory will take you only so far.
898
00:55:32,803 --> 00:55:34,497
- Hello!
- Hi!
899
00:55:34,569 --> 00:55:36,881
- We missed him.
- You want to adopt?
900
00:55:37,096 --> 00:55:38,146
Oh, she's kidding.
901
00:55:38,224 --> 00:55:40,396
We wanted to see you before we left.
902
00:55:40,560 --> 00:55:43,096
For parts unknown.
903
00:55:44,115 --> 00:55:47,376
You know who I ran into
the other day? Eltenton.
904
00:55:47,814 --> 00:55:48,814
Oh.
905
00:55:49,185 --> 00:55:51,556
The chemist from
Shell, the union guy?
906
00:55:51,638 --> 00:55:54,576
Yeah. The F.A.A.C.T. guy.
907
00:55:55,528 --> 00:55:58,254
He was moaning about
how we're handling the war.
908
00:55:58,576 --> 00:56:00,232
How so?
909
00:56:00,326 --> 00:56:03,163
Lack of cooperation
with our allies.
910
00:56:03,232 --> 00:56:07,248
Apparently, the government's not
sharing any research with the Russians.
911
00:56:07,349 --> 00:56:11,560
He said most scientists
think the policy is stupid.
912
00:56:14,874 --> 00:56:16,874
- Yeah.
- Yeah.
913
00:56:17,013 --> 00:56:21,209
He mentioned that if anyone had
anything they wanted to pass on,
914
00:56:21,731 --> 00:56:25,935
going around official
channels, that he could help.
915
00:56:34,020 --> 00:56:36,107
That would be treason.
916
00:56:36,285 --> 00:56:37,966
Yes, of course.
917
00:56:38,590 --> 00:56:40,590
I just thought you should know.
918
00:56:42,567 --> 00:56:46,472
The brat is down. [?]
Where are the martinis?
919
00:56:50,966 --> 00:56:52,739
Coming right up.
920
00:56:52,966 --> 00:56:56,966
The conversation ended there.
Nothing in our long-standing friendship
921
00:56:56,966 --> 00:57:00,833
would have led me to believe that Chevalier
was actually seeking information.
922
00:57:00,895 --> 00:57:05,669
And I am certain that he had no idea
of the work in which I was engaged.
923
00:57:10,005 --> 00:57:14,692
It has long been clear to me that I
should have reported this incident at once.
924
00:57:14,864 --> 00:57:18,381
The Oppenheimer situation
highlights the tension between
925
00:57:18,459 --> 00:57:22,150
scientists and the security
apparatus, in hopes of learning how
926
00:57:22,174 --> 00:57:25,342
the nominee handles such
issues during his time in the ABC.
927
00:57:25,513 --> 00:57:28,232
We'll have a scientist
appearing before the committee.
928
00:57:28,849 --> 00:57:31,607
- Who are they bringing in?
- They haven't said.
929
00:57:31,896 --> 00:57:35,740
Mr. Chairman, if I may, I'm
nominated for Commerce Secretary.
930
00:57:35,826 --> 00:57:38,178
Why is it the
opinion of scientists?
931
00:57:38,496 --> 00:57:43,045
This is a cabinet post, Admiral.
We seek a wide range of opinions.
932
00:57:43,099 --> 00:57:45,580
I'd like to know the name
of the scientist testifying.
933
00:57:45,604 --> 00:57:47,170
I'd like the chance
to cross-examine.
934
00:57:47,496 --> 00:57:49,496
This is not a court.
935
00:57:50,468 --> 00:57:51,468
Formality, huh?
936
00:57:51,468 --> 00:57:54,010
No presidential cabinet
nominee has failed to be confirmed
937
00:57:54,034 --> 00:57:57,408
since 1925. This is just
how the game is played.
938
00:57:57,408 --> 00:57:59,708
It's in the bag,
Lewis. So play nice.
939
00:58:00,208 --> 00:58:01,908
They bring in a
scientist, so what?
940
00:58:02,208 --> 00:58:04,308
You don't know scientists
like I do, Counselor.
941
00:58:04,308 --> 00:58:08,008
They resent anyone who questions their
judgment, especially for most of them.
942
00:58:08,208 --> 00:58:11,856
I was chair of the AEC. I'm easy to
blame for what happened to Robert.
943
00:58:11,918 --> 00:58:15,840
We can't have the Senate thinking the scientific
community doesn't support you, sir.
944
00:58:16,808 --> 00:58:18,145
Or should we pivot?
945
00:58:18,508 --> 00:58:19,908
- To what?
- And embrace it.
946
00:58:20,816 --> 00:58:22,816
"I fought Oppenheimer,
and the US won."
947
00:58:23,152 --> 00:58:24,816
I don't think we
need to go there.
948
00:58:24,816 --> 00:58:26,933
Isn't there someone we can call
who knows what really happened?
949
00:58:27,128 --> 00:58:28,816
- Teller.
- It'll make an impression.
950
00:58:28,816 --> 00:58:30,589
Can you get the name of
the scientist they've called?
951
00:58:30,652 --> 00:58:33,160
- Probably.
- Find out if he was based in Chicago,
952
00:58:33,246 --> 00:58:35,816
or Los Alamos during the war.
- Why does that matter?
953
00:58:35,816 --> 00:58:38,596
Well, if he was based in Chicago,
they worked on under Szilard and Fermi.
954
00:58:38,621 --> 00:58:42,089
They had the cult of Bobby at Los Alamos.
Robert built that damn place.
955
00:58:42,160 --> 00:58:46,074
He was founder and mayor,
sheriff. All rolled into one.
956
00:58:58,488 --> 00:59:02,194
Well, all it needs is a saloon.
957
00:59:29,733 --> 00:59:31,561
There's no kitchen.
958
00:59:32,116 --> 00:59:35,116
Really? I'll fix that.
959
00:59:41,327 --> 00:59:42,858
Barbed wire?
960
00:59:42,937 --> 00:59:44,499
Guns?
961
00:59:44,584 --> 00:59:47,593
- I'll be...
- We're at war, Hans.
962
00:59:49,777 --> 00:59:52,366
Halifax. 1917.
963
00:59:52,577 --> 00:59:55,343
A cargo ship carrying
munitions explodes in the harbor.
964
00:59:57,894 --> 01:00:00,460
A vast and sudden
chemical reaction.
965
01:00:04,200 --> 01:00:07,081
The biggest man-made
explosion in history.
966
01:00:07,449 --> 01:00:09,789
Now let's calculate how
much more destructive
967
01:00:09,813 --> 01:00:11,792
it would have been
if it were a nuclear,
968
01:00:11,956 --> 01:00:16,706
and not a chemical reaction,
expressing power in terms of tons of TNT.
969
01:00:16,933 --> 01:00:19,488
- But it would be in thousands.
- Well then...
970
01:00:20,359 --> 01:00:22,359
Kilo-tons.
971
01:00:25,476 --> 01:00:30,183
Using U-235, the
bomb will need a...
972
01:00:30,680 --> 01:00:31,777
I'm sorry.
973
01:00:31,941 --> 01:00:35,753
"Gadget" will need a
33-pound sphere about this size.
974
01:00:35,894 --> 01:00:39,456
Or using plutonium,
a 10-pound sphere.
975
01:00:41,086 --> 01:00:45,086
Here's the amount of uranium
Oakwood's refined all of last month.
976
01:00:49,164 --> 01:00:52,039
And the Hanford plant
made this much plutonium.
977
01:00:53,930 --> 01:00:57,821
Now, if we can enrich these amounts,
we need a way to detonate them.
978
01:00:58,828 --> 01:01:02,512
- Are we boring you, Edward?
- A little bit, yes.
979
01:01:02,543 --> 01:01:03,907
May I ask why?
980
01:01:03,977 --> 01:01:07,367
We all entered this room knowing
an efficient bomb was possible.
981
01:01:07,976 --> 01:01:09,735
How about we leave it with something new?
982
01:01:09,883 --> 01:01:10,886
Such as?
983
01:01:11,352 --> 01:01:15,016
Instead of uranium or
plutonium, we use hydride.
984
01:01:15,952 --> 01:01:19,351
Heavy hydrogen, deuterium.
985
01:01:19,710 --> 01:01:22,070
You see, we compact
the atoms together,
986
01:01:22,124 --> 01:01:24,952
under great pressure, to
induce a fusion reaction.
987
01:01:26,218 --> 01:01:30,218
And we'll get not
kilotons, but megatons.
988
01:01:31,171 --> 01:01:37,195
Okay, hang on, hang on. So how do you
generate a force to fuse hydrogen atoms?
989
01:01:38,039 --> 01:01:40,023
A small fission bomb.
990
01:01:40,094 --> 01:01:41,758
There we are!
991
01:01:43,361 --> 01:01:46,866
Well, since we're going to need one anyway,
we can get back to the business at hand...
992
01:01:46,979 --> 01:01:49,726
The isotopes issue
wasn't your most important
993
01:01:50,375 --> 01:01:53,249
policy disagreement
with Dr. Oppenheimer.
994
01:01:53,330 --> 01:01:55,749
It was the hydrogen
bomb, wasn't it?
995
01:01:55,843 --> 01:02:00,257
As colleagues, we agreed to
disagree on a great many things.
996
01:02:00,312 --> 01:02:04,609
And one of them was the need
for an H-bomb program, yes.
997
01:02:17,812 --> 01:02:22,338
Thanks. Convening. On
short notice. I can't believe it.
998
01:02:22,742 --> 01:02:26,570
Well, here we are. Catch
me up. What do we know?
999
01:02:26,679 --> 01:02:30,609
One of our B-29s over the North
Pacific has detected radiation.
1000
01:02:30,974 --> 01:02:33,857
- Do we have the filter papers?
- There's no doubt what this is.
1001
01:02:34,007 --> 01:02:36,945
- The White House says there's a doubt. [?]
- Wishful thinking, I'm afraid.
1002
01:02:37,031 --> 01:02:39,968
Are those the long-range
detection filter papers?
1003
01:02:40,585 --> 01:02:42,734
It's an atomic test.
1004
01:02:45,171 --> 01:02:49,507
The Russians have a bomb. We're
supposed to be years ahead of them, but...
1005
01:02:50,648 --> 01:02:54,016
What were you guys doing in Los Alamos?
Was the security tight?
1006
01:02:54,102 --> 01:02:56,992
- Of course it was. You weren't there.
- Forgive me, Doctor.
1007
01:02:58,544 --> 01:03:00,148
But I was there.
1008
01:03:00,544 --> 01:03:04,484
You can now consider the
actual mechanics of detonation.
1009
01:03:04,586 --> 01:03:07,391
- Any ideas?
- I call this shooting.
1010
01:03:07,484 --> 01:03:10,785
Fire a chunk of fissionable
material into a larger
1011
01:03:10,818 --> 01:03:13,242
sphere with enough
force to achieve criticality.
1012
01:03:13,851 --> 01:03:17,109
- What do we think? Anyone?
- I've been thinking about implosion.
1013
01:03:17,273 --> 01:03:20,544
Explosives around the sphere
blast inwards, crushing the material.
1014
01:03:21,175 --> 01:03:24,175
- I'd like to investigate that idea.
- I'll talk to ordnance.
1015
01:03:24,449 --> 01:03:26,449
Okay, you blow things up.
1016
01:03:26,546 --> 01:03:28,546
- Progress?
- Nice to see you too.
1017
01:03:29,368 --> 01:03:30,984
Meet the British contingent.
1018
01:03:31,140 --> 01:03:33,116
It's Oppenheimer. Klaus Fuchs.
1019
01:03:33,335 --> 01:03:36,312
- How long have you been British?
- Since Hitler told me I wasn't German.
1020
01:03:36,368 --> 01:03:39,280
Ah, come work for Los Alamos.
1021
01:03:39,891 --> 01:03:41,265
The school's up and running.
1022
01:03:41,422 --> 01:03:42,523
The bar.
1023
01:03:42,766 --> 01:03:43,961
Always running.
1024
01:03:44,715 --> 01:03:47,031
And I thought of a way
to reduce support staff.
1025
01:03:48,309 --> 01:03:50,109
- Is that?
- Mr. Severin, yes.
1026
01:03:50,187 --> 01:03:53,578
I've offered jobs to all the wives
of men, librarians, computation.
1027
01:03:53,691 --> 01:03:55,691
We cut down on staff,
keep families together.
1028
01:03:55,809 --> 01:03:57,769
- Are these women qualified?
- Don't be absurd.
1029
01:03:57,793 --> 01:03:59,965
These are some of the
brightest minds in our community.
1030
01:04:00,004 --> 01:04:01,985
They're already
security cleared?
1031
01:04:02,110 --> 01:04:04,263
I've informed General Groves
you've been holding cross-divisional
1032
01:04:04,287 --> 01:04:06,880
open discussions on a nightly basis.
- Shut them down.
1033
01:04:07,016 --> 01:04:09,727
Compartmentalization is the
key to maintaining security.
1034
01:04:09,774 --> 01:04:10,880
Only the top men.
1035
01:04:10,880 --> 01:04:12,680
Who presumably
communicate with subordinates?
1036
01:04:12,774 --> 01:04:14,609
These men aren't stupid.
They can be discreet.
1037
01:04:14,649 --> 01:04:15,477
I don't like it.
1038
01:04:15,539 --> 01:04:17,880
You don't like anything
enough for that to be a fair test.
1039
01:04:23,162 --> 01:04:26,162
Once a week. Top men only.
1040
01:04:26,162 --> 01:04:28,162
You'd like to bring my brother here?
1041
01:04:28,162 --> 01:04:29,162
No.
1042
01:04:30,177 --> 01:04:32,162
Herr Nichols?
1043
01:04:32,865 --> 01:04:35,474
I still haven't heard that my security
clearance has been approved.
1044
01:04:35,521 --> 01:04:37,841
- It hasn't.
- I'm going to Chicago tomorrow.
1045
01:04:37,896 --> 01:04:39,443
That should wait.
1046
01:04:39,568 --> 01:04:41,989
You are aware that the Nazis
had a two-year head start?
1047
01:04:42,146 --> 01:04:44,095
Dr. Oppenheimer, the fact
that your security clearance
1048
01:04:44,126 --> 01:04:46,121
is proving difficult to
obtain is not my fault.
1049
01:04:46,168 --> 01:04:47,341
It's yours.
1050
01:04:47,419 --> 01:04:50,333
It may not be your fault, but it's
your problem. Because I'm going.
1051
01:04:51,062 --> 01:04:53,262
And how many people were in these, uh...
1052
01:04:53,774 --> 01:04:54,868
...open...
- Open.
1053
01:04:54,868 --> 01:04:55,768
...discussions?
1054
01:04:55,768 --> 01:04:58,399
Too many. Compartmentalization
was supposed to be the protocol.
1055
01:04:58,438 --> 01:04:59,668
We were in a race
against the Nazis.
1056
01:04:59,782 --> 01:05:01,968
Now the race is
against the Soviets.
1057
01:05:02,001 --> 01:05:06,837
- Not unless we start it properly.
- They just fired the starting gun.
1058
01:05:07,152 --> 01:05:09,329
What's the nature of the
device they detonated?
1059
01:05:09,422 --> 01:05:12,969
Data indicates it may have been
a plutonium implosion device.
1060
01:05:13,008 --> 01:05:15,899
Like the one you
built at Los Alamos.
1061
01:05:16,195 --> 01:05:19,243
The Russians have a bomb.
Truman needs to know what's next.
1062
01:05:19,329 --> 01:05:21,152
What's next?
Arms talks.
1063
01:05:21,180 --> 01:05:23,152
- Arms talks.
- Obviously.
1064
01:05:23,901 --> 01:05:26,610
What about the super? Does
Truman even know about it?
1065
01:05:26,657 --> 01:05:28,104
Did we brief him on that?
1066
01:05:28,528 --> 01:05:29,745
Not specifically.
1067
01:05:29,956 --> 01:05:32,831
We still don't know if a hydrogen
bomb is technically feasible.
1068
01:05:32,870 --> 01:05:35,159
Right, my understanding is
that Teller proposed to him.
1069
01:05:35,188 --> 01:05:36,528
- Yes.
- At Los Alamos?
1070
01:05:36,528 --> 01:05:38,651
Teller's designs have
always been wildly impractical.
1071
01:05:38,690 --> 01:05:41,528
You'd have to deliver
by oxcart, not airplane.
1072
01:05:41,528 --> 01:05:44,528
- Oppie!
- So, Dr. Lawrence, any comment?
1073
01:05:46,528 --> 01:05:47,528
No.
1074
01:05:49,542 --> 01:05:51,678
Because if it can
put us ahead again,
1075
01:05:52,147 --> 01:05:57,100
the President of the United
States needs to know about it.
1076
01:05:58,577 --> 01:06:01,569
And if the Russians know
about it already from a spy...
1077
01:06:01,702 --> 01:06:04,694
at Los Alamos, then
we've got to get going.
1078
01:06:04,740 --> 01:06:07,319
There's no proof there
was a spy at Los Alamos.
1079
01:06:07,575 --> 01:06:09,575
Robert.
1080
01:06:13,435 --> 01:06:15,216
They put it under the football stadium?
1081
01:06:15,324 --> 01:06:17,231
It feels not in use anymore.
1082
01:06:17,349 --> 01:06:18,463
Just as well.
1083
01:06:21,263 --> 01:06:23,161
- Oppie!
- Dr. Fermi.
1084
01:06:25,900 --> 01:06:28,825
- I hear you've got a little town.
- Yes, come and see.
1085
01:06:30,137 --> 01:06:33,005
How could things tick [?]
in a place like that, ah?
1086
01:06:34,106 --> 01:06:36,278
Everybody will go crazy.
1087
01:06:36,995 --> 01:06:39,583
Thank you the vote
of confidence, Szilard.
1088
01:06:40,336 --> 01:06:43,481
Do we really... really
need that on the notes?
1089
01:06:44,096 --> 01:06:45,456
Aren't you gonna try it out?
1090
01:06:45,934 --> 01:06:47,161
We did.
1091
01:06:47,711 --> 01:06:51,052
The first self-sustaining
nuclear chain reaction.
1092
01:06:51,456 --> 01:06:53,044
Didn't Groves tell you?
1093
01:06:53,691 --> 01:06:54,880
No.
1094
01:07:02,466 --> 01:07:07,364
Dr. Oppenheimer? I tried
personnel. I asked if I could type.
1095
01:07:07,566 --> 01:07:08,566
Can you?
1096
01:07:08,613 --> 01:07:11,872
Harvard forgot to teach that on
the graduate chemistry course.
1097
01:07:13,277 --> 01:07:16,302
Condon, put Mrs. Hornig
here on the plutonium team.
1098
01:07:21,372 --> 01:07:23,505
What the hell were you doing in Chicago?
1099
01:07:23,570 --> 01:07:25,505
- Visiting the mets.
- Why?
1100
01:07:25,583 --> 01:07:26,669
- You can't do that.
- Why?
1101
01:07:26,724 --> 01:07:28,060
Because we-we have every right.
1102
01:07:28,130 --> 01:07:31,755
You have just the rights that
I give you. No more, no less.
1103
01:07:32,210 --> 01:07:35,380
We are adults trying to run a project here.
This is ridiculous.
1104
01:07:35,817 --> 01:07:37,653
Tell him.
1105
01:07:38,373 --> 01:07:41,340
Compartmentalization is
the protocol we agreed to.
1106
01:07:42,207 --> 01:07:45,661
Enough of this madhouse.
Nobody can work under these conditions.
1107
01:07:45,686 --> 01:07:49,090
You know what?
Generalissimo, I quit!
1108
01:07:49,910 --> 01:07:51,910
Thanks for nothing.
1109
01:07:53,527 --> 01:07:55,527
Better off without him.
1110
01:07:56,183 --> 01:07:59,183
Aren't you more concerned
about his discretion out there?
1111
01:08:00,105 --> 01:08:02,105
We'll have him killed.
1112
01:08:03,252 --> 01:08:07,261
No, just kidding.
He hates me, not America.
1113
01:08:07,786 --> 01:08:10,557
You know, General, not everyone
has levers to pull like mine.
1114
01:08:11,066 --> 01:08:12,715
I don't think I understand.
1115
01:08:12,840 --> 01:08:16,551
You didn't hire me despite my
left-wing past. You hired me because of it.
1116
01:08:17,222 --> 01:08:19,183
So you could control me.
1117
01:08:19,933 --> 01:08:23,402
No, I'm not that subtle.
I'm just a humble soldier.
1118
01:08:23,715 --> 01:08:27,456
You're neither humble, nor just a
soldier. You studied engineering at MIT.
1119
01:08:27,456 --> 01:08:29,647
- Guilty as charged.
- Well, now we understand each other,
1120
01:08:29,671 --> 01:08:31,491
perhaps you can get
me my security clearance,
1121
01:08:31,515 --> 01:08:33,635
so I can perform
this miracle for you.
1122
01:08:39,541 --> 01:08:40,823
General Groves,
were you aware of
1123
01:08:40,862 --> 01:08:44,252
Dr. Oppenheimer's left-wing
associations when you appointed him?
1124
01:08:44,346 --> 01:08:46,498
I was aware that there
were suspicions about him.
1125
01:08:46,522 --> 01:08:49,508
I was aware he had a very
extreme liberal background.
1126
01:08:49,666 --> 01:08:52,844
In your opinion, would he ever
consciously commit a disloyal act?
1127
01:08:52,938 --> 01:08:54,618
I would be amazed if he did.
1128
01:08:54,688 --> 01:08:57,234
So you had complete
confidence in his integrity?
1129
01:08:57,453 --> 01:09:00,188
At Los Alamos, yes. Which
is where I really knew him.
1130
01:09:00,320 --> 01:09:02,883
Do you know that your
security officers on the project
1131
01:09:02,938 --> 01:09:05,109
advised you against the
clearance of Dr. Oppenheimer?
1132
01:09:05,172 --> 01:09:08,945
They could not, and would
not, clear him until I insisted.
1133
01:09:09,140 --> 01:09:10,910
And it's safe to say that you
had a pretty good knowledge
1134
01:09:10,999 --> 01:09:12,580
of Dr. Oppenheimer's
security file.
1135
01:09:12,655 --> 01:09:13,843
I did.
1136
01:09:14,398 --> 01:09:16,913
Then there's only really one
question I need answered here today.
1137
01:09:17,007 --> 01:09:21,523
In light of the current AEC guidelines,
would you clear Dr. Oppenheimer today?
1138
01:09:21,736 --> 01:09:23,736
Do you have the guidelines?
1139
01:09:30,525 --> 01:09:36,265
Under current AEC guidelines, would
you clear Dr. Oppenheimer today?
1140
01:09:47,771 --> 01:09:49,640
Physics and New Mexico, huh?
1141
01:09:50,733 --> 01:09:52,842
My God.
What a trick.
1142
01:09:53,944 --> 01:09:56,765
- That's why you need a liaison.
- We're appointing Lomanitz.
1143
01:09:57,732 --> 01:10:00,358
You're gonna be okay.
This way, gentlemen.
1144
01:10:09,913 --> 01:10:11,760
- Dr. Lawrence.
- Leslie.
1145
01:10:12,335 --> 01:10:14,382
I'd like to remind you what
we talked about at Berkeley.
1146
01:10:14,447 --> 01:10:16,655
Departmentalization, I
understand completely.
1147
01:10:31,053 --> 01:10:32,499
Greetings from Berkeley.
1148
01:10:32,593 --> 01:10:35,694
I am here to update you on our
progress and solicit your input.
1149
01:10:35,971 --> 01:10:40,084
To do so, I am going to have to share a few
things that General Groves told me not to.
1150
01:10:40,787 --> 01:10:43,959
Sorry General, I said I
understood, not that I agreed.
1151
01:10:45,099 --> 01:10:46,943
Gentlemen, business!
1152
01:10:47,263 --> 01:10:51,287
- There were rumors of espionage at Los Alamos,
- Unsubstantiated. There's no such thing. [?]
1153
01:10:51,312 --> 01:10:54,919
and I'm told that there were
communists on the project.
1154
01:10:55,012 --> 01:10:58,770
I just want to know, were any of them
involved in discussions at the super?
1155
01:10:58,864 --> 01:11:01,608
I seem to remember you demanding
your brother come to Los Alamos.
1156
01:11:01,661 --> 01:11:04,169
- My brother had left the party by then.
- What about Lomanitz?
1157
01:11:04,419 --> 01:11:07,434
Lominitz was never employed
at Los Alamos. He was a liaison.
1158
01:11:07,608 --> 01:11:10,231
Our security was tight, as former
Colonel Nichols well knows.
1159
01:11:10,270 --> 01:11:13,754
Our security was as tight as it could be given the
personalities involved, but attempts were made.
1160
01:11:14,176 --> 01:11:17,355
- What is that supposed to mean?
- We've all read his file here.
1161
01:11:17,993 --> 01:11:20,285
Do we need to talk about Gene Tatlock?
1162
01:11:21,137 --> 01:11:23,137
Or the Chevalier incident?
1163
01:11:26,848 --> 01:11:28,848
Excuse me.
1164
01:11:30,590 --> 01:11:33,590
Mr. Lomanitz, line one!
1165
01:11:39,243 --> 01:11:43,826
Hello, Rossi. What?
O-Okay, just calm down.
1166
01:11:44,381 --> 01:11:45,586
[Another mistake. (?)]
1167
01:11:45,586 --> 01:11:48,943
- Lomanitz just got drafted.
- We are at war, Doctor.
1168
01:11:49,100 --> 01:11:52,586
Don't be an asshole, Nichols.
We need this kid. Fix it, will you?
1169
01:11:52,725 --> 01:11:56,561
It wasn't a mistake. Your friend Lomanitz
was [?] trying to unionize the radiation lab.
1170
01:11:56,631 --> 01:11:59,678
- He promised to quit all that.
- Well, he hasn't.
1171
01:12:00,412 --> 01:12:03,260
The security officer at Berkeley is
concerned about communist infiltration
1172
01:12:03,347 --> 01:12:07,013
through that union, the FA...
- FAECT.
1173
01:12:09,517 --> 01:12:13,994
While I'm there next week,
I'll... drop in to see him.
1174
01:12:15,138 --> 01:12:16,810
Your Q clearance came through.
1175
01:12:20,271 --> 01:12:23,841
It's important you not maintain or renew
any questionable associations.
1176
01:12:28,794 --> 01:12:30,783
Doctor, did you think
social contacts
1177
01:12:30,884 --> 01:12:34,775
between a person engaged on secret
war work, and communists, was dangerous?
1178
01:12:34,892 --> 01:12:37,674
My awareness of the danger
would be greater today.
1179
01:12:38,759 --> 01:12:41,470
It's fair to say that
during the war years,
1180
01:12:41,555 --> 01:12:44,509
you felt that such contacts
were potentially dangerous.
1181
01:12:50,548 --> 01:12:53,392
Were conceivably dangerous, yes.
1182
01:12:53,650 --> 01:12:55,431
They really were!
1183
01:12:55,896 --> 01:12:57,896
Knowing communists.
1184
01:12:59,799 --> 01:13:01,369
Look...
1185
01:13:02,189 --> 01:13:06,611
I've had a lot of secrets
in my head for a long time.
1186
01:13:07,568 --> 01:13:12,131
Doesn't matter who I associate
with, I don't talk about those secrets.
1187
01:13:19,405 --> 01:13:26,732
You said in your statement that
you had to see Gene Tadlock in 1943.
1188
01:13:27,967 --> 01:13:29,366
You left...
1189
01:13:30,749 --> 01:13:32,319
...not a word.
1190
01:13:32,622 --> 01:13:35,115
What did you think that would do to me?
1191
01:13:35,662 --> 01:13:38,624
- I wrote.
- Pages of nothing.
1192
01:13:41,624 --> 01:13:42,624
Where did you go?
1193
01:13:44,624 --> 01:13:46,203
- I can't tell you.
- Why not?
1194
01:13:46,279 --> 01:13:47,797
Because you're a communist.
1195
01:13:50,672 --> 01:13:52,367
Why did you have to see her?
1196
01:13:52,508 --> 01:13:56,914
She had indicated a great
desire to see me before we left.
1197
01:13:57,008 --> 01:14:01,282
At that time I couldn't, but I
felt that she had to see me.
1198
01:14:01,844 --> 01:14:05,880
She was undergoing psychiatric
treatment. She was extremely unhappy.
1199
01:14:06,242 --> 01:14:08,786
Did you find out why
she had to see you?
1200
01:14:12,786 --> 01:14:15,786
Because she was still in love with me.
1201
01:14:23,004 --> 01:14:26,004
You spent the night together, didn't you?
1202
01:14:32,326 --> 01:14:33,883
Yes...
1203
01:14:39,688 --> 01:14:44,969
You drop in and out of my life
and you don't have to tell me why.
1204
01:14:45,555 --> 01:14:49,082
And that's power. Not
that I enjoy.
1205
01:14:49,106 --> 01:14:51,926
I'd rather be here for you as
you need.
1206
01:14:52,210 --> 01:14:54,480
But you have
other priorities now.
1207
01:14:55,061 --> 01:14:57,061
I have a wife and child.
1208
01:14:58,015 --> 01:15:01,007
That's not what either
of us is talking about.
1209
01:15:04,093 --> 01:15:07,358
Jean, you asked me to come.
1210
01:15:08,436 --> 01:15:10,436
And I'm glad I did.
1211
01:15:11,233 --> 01:15:13,233
But I can't see you again.
1212
01:15:15,920 --> 01:15:17,920
But what if I need you?
1213
01:15:21,397 --> 01:15:23,397
You said you would
always answer.
1214
01:15:26,467 --> 01:15:28,023
Not a word?
1215
01:15:28,476 --> 01:15:31,232
Did you think that
consistent with security?
1216
01:15:31,296 --> 01:15:34,342
As a matter of fact, it was.
Not a word.
1217
01:15:35,233 --> 01:15:37,233
When did you see her after that?
1218
01:15:45,195 --> 01:15:47,195
I never saw her again.
1219
01:15:53,256 --> 01:15:55,678
I can make the last
train back to Princeton.
1220
01:15:56,225 --> 01:15:58,975
Kitty, I didn't say anything
that I hadn't already told you.
1221
01:15:59,022 --> 01:16:00,756
Today you said it
to history, didn't you?
1222
01:16:00,811 --> 01:16:02,287
This is a closed hearing.
1223
01:16:04,146 --> 01:16:06,553
If they don't release the fat scoop, I'm sure you will.
1224
01:16:06,616 --> 01:16:08,904
- I was in trouble.
- Well, you were under enough to me,
1225
01:16:08,951 --> 01:16:10,717
when you went to see Gene.
1226
01:16:11,709 --> 01:16:13,272
You know that you...
1227
01:16:13,717 --> 01:16:16,474
You sit there, day after day,
1228
01:16:17,302 --> 01:16:20,254
letting them pick
our lives to pieces.
1229
01:16:22,017 --> 01:16:24,354
But why won't you fight?
1230
01:16:26,065 --> 01:16:29,947
Robert, I'm not putting her out there.
1231
01:16:35,284 --> 01:16:38,145
Dr. Oppenheimer! This is
an honor. Please, take a seat.
1232
01:16:38,692 --> 01:16:41,051
I just wanted to check
whether I should...
1233
01:16:41,246 --> 01:16:43,964
talk to Lomanitz while I'm
here, given your concerns.
1234
01:16:44,121 --> 01:16:46,887
I'd say that's really up to you,
Professor, but I'd be cautious.
1235
01:16:47,027 --> 01:16:47,933
Understood.
1236
01:16:48,331 --> 01:16:50,710
Oh, and, um, as
regards to the union,
1237
01:16:50,792 --> 01:16:54,072
I wanted to give you a heads
up on a man named Eltington.
1238
01:16:54,173 --> 01:16:55,173
A heads up?
1239
01:16:55,205 --> 01:16:59,205
Yes, just that he might
bear watching is all.
1240
01:17:00,164 --> 01:17:01,689
I'd love to get more details.
1241
01:17:02,533 --> 01:17:04,884
I have an appointment now,
and I leave early tomorrow.
1242
01:17:05,079 --> 01:17:06,727
Well, come back
as early as you like.
1243
01:17:06,972 --> 01:17:08,972
Since you don't
have the time now.
1244
01:17:09,543 --> 01:17:13,543
- You went back the next morning.
- I did. I had to, really.
1245
01:17:14,168 --> 01:17:16,168
This time there was another man.
1246
01:17:17,512 --> 01:17:21,410
- He said his name was Pash.
- Pash. You met Colonel Pash?
1247
01:17:21,488 --> 01:17:26,707
Colonel Pash, could you please read
from your memo dated June 29, 1943?
1248
01:17:28,418 --> 01:17:30,711
"Results of surveillance
conducted on subject
1249
01:17:30,863 --> 01:17:33,418
indicate further possible
Communist Party connections."
1250
01:17:33,769 --> 01:17:37,117
"Subject met with and spent
considerable time with one Jean Tatlock,
1251
01:17:37,276 --> 01:17:39,386
a Communist, the record
of whom is attached."
1252
01:17:39,520 --> 01:17:41,940
- The subject being Dr. Oppenheimer?
- Yes.
1253
01:17:42,043 --> 01:17:45,097
- Whom you had not met?
- Not then, but soon after.
1254
01:17:45,175 --> 01:17:47,520
He's the head of security for
the project. Shouldn't I know him?
1255
01:17:47,715 --> 01:17:49,449
No, he should[n't?] know you.
1256
01:17:49,863 --> 01:17:51,550
I would never put you
in a room with Pash.
1257
01:17:51,605 --> 01:17:52,691
Why not?
1258
01:17:52,769 --> 01:17:54,570
When Pash first heard
about Lomanitz,
1259
01:17:54,703 --> 01:17:57,520
he told the FBI he was
going to kidnap him,
1260
01:17:57,703 --> 01:18:01,804
take him out on a boat, and
interrogate him in the Russian manner.
1261
01:18:04,726 --> 01:18:07,070
General Groves has placed
in me a certain responsibility,
1262
01:18:07,148 --> 01:18:11,554
and it's like having a child, though
I can't see, by remote control.
1263
01:18:12,671 --> 01:18:14,765
So to actually meet you is...
1264
01:18:15,867 --> 01:18:17,609
I won't take up too
much of your time, though.
1265
01:18:17,710 --> 01:18:19,843
Oh, no. Whatever
time you choose.
1266
01:18:20,843 --> 01:18:23,061
Mr. Johnson told me the
conversation you had yesterday,
1267
01:18:23,155 --> 01:18:25,789
which I'm very interested in.
He's had me worried all day.
1268
01:18:26,398 --> 01:18:29,804
Yes, but I didn't want to talk to
Lomanitz without authorization.
1269
01:18:29,952 --> 01:18:33,468
That's not the particular interest that I
have. It's something a little bit more...
1270
01:18:34,921 --> 01:18:36,356
In my opinion, more serious.
1271
01:18:36,413 --> 01:18:38,347
And when the FBI
pointed out that such
1272
01:18:38,444 --> 01:18:40,506
information wouldn't
be admissible in court,
1273
01:18:40,569 --> 01:18:42,296
Pash made it clear
he had no intention
1274
01:18:42,397 --> 01:18:44,608
of leaving any witness
left to prosecute.
1275
01:18:44,771 --> 01:18:47,858
Now, the FBI talked him down, but,
that's the man you're dancing with.
1276
01:18:48,018 --> 01:18:50,190
Together, you've heard
there are other
1277
01:18:50,214 --> 01:18:52,643
parties interested in the
work of the radiation lab?
1278
01:18:53,522 --> 01:18:57,574
A man attached to the
Soviet consul indicated,
1279
01:18:58,129 --> 01:19:01,592
through intermediate people,
to people on this project,
1280
01:19:01,660 --> 01:19:04,803
that he was in a position
to transmit information.
1281
01:19:04,943 --> 01:19:08,115
Well, why would anyone on
the project want to do that?
1282
01:19:09,232 --> 01:19:12,638
Frankly, I can see that there might be
an argument for the commander-in-chief
1283
01:19:12,663 --> 01:19:16,215
informing the Russians,
they're our allies, after all, but...
1284
01:19:16,278 --> 01:19:18,613
I don't like the idea
of it going out the back door.
1285
01:19:18,824 --> 01:19:21,387
It might not hurt to
be on the lookout for it.
1286
01:19:22,238 --> 01:19:23,808
And you said that to Pash.
1287
01:19:24,106 --> 01:19:27,808
I was trying to put it into context
that Russia's not Germany.
1288
01:19:28,457 --> 01:19:32,808
Boris Pash is the son of a
Russian Orthodox bishop.
1289
01:19:32,808 --> 01:19:36,723
Born here, but in 1918 he went
back to Russia to fight the Bolsheviks.
1290
01:19:37,153 --> 01:19:39,808
This is a man who has killed
communists with his own hands.
1291
01:19:40,207 --> 01:19:42,723
I'm not the judge of who should
or should not have information.
1292
01:19:43,012 --> 01:19:45,582
It's my business to stop it
from going through illegally.
1293
01:19:45,644 --> 01:19:47,644
Could you be a
little more specific?
1294
01:19:50,129 --> 01:19:54,949
There's a man whose name was mentioned
to me a couple of times, Eltonton.
1295
01:19:55,785 --> 01:19:58,817
I believe he's a chemist
who works at Shell.
1296
01:19:59,215 --> 01:20:04,879
He talked to a friend of his, who's an
acquaintance of someone on the project.
1297
01:20:07,146 --> 01:20:09,146
And you thought Pash
would be satisfied with that?
1298
01:20:09,146 --> 01:20:12,895
I was attempting to give them
Eltonton without opening a can of worms.
1299
01:20:12,934 --> 01:20:14,770
I told them a cock
and bull story.
1300
01:20:14,857 --> 01:20:17,146
- Did you lie to General Groves, too?
- No.
1301
01:20:17,344 --> 01:20:19,817
I admitted to him
that I'd lied to Pash.
1302
01:20:19,903 --> 01:20:23,199
Do you recall his conversation
about the Chevalier incident?
1303
01:20:23,653 --> 01:20:25,582
I've seen so many versions of it.
1304
01:20:26,106 --> 01:20:28,942
Wasn't confused before, but
I'm certainly getting there now.
1305
01:20:29,035 --> 01:20:32,394
- And what was your conclusion?
- That he was under the influence of
1306
01:20:32,566 --> 01:20:35,120
the typical American
schoolboy attitude.
1307
01:20:35,214 --> 01:20:38,344
That there's something
wicked about telling on a friend.
1308
01:20:38,714 --> 01:20:42,689
Well now, might we know through
whom the contact was made?
1309
01:20:43,501 --> 01:20:47,290
That would involve people who
are not to be involved in this.
1310
01:20:47,414 --> 01:20:50,414
Is that someone a
member of the project?
1311
01:20:50,759 --> 01:20:54,064
A member of the faculty,
yes, but not in the project, no.
1312
01:20:54,226 --> 01:20:55,226
Ah...
1313
01:20:55,773 --> 01:21:00,476
So Eltonton made his approach through
a member of the faculty here at Berkeley.
1314
01:21:02,164 --> 01:21:04,617
As far as I know, as far as I know, yes.
1315
01:21:04,726 --> 01:21:09,390
But there-there-there may have
been more than one person involved.
1316
01:21:14,094 --> 01:21:16,740
Gentlemen, if I... if I
seem uncooperative,
1317
01:21:16,772 --> 01:21:19,094
I think you can understand
it's because of my insistence
1318
01:21:19,094 --> 01:21:21,475
on not getting innocent
people into trouble.
1319
01:21:21,873 --> 01:21:24,920
You're trying to protect your
friend. Who's protecting you?
1320
01:21:25,094 --> 01:21:26,594
Oh, you could.
1321
01:21:26,594 --> 01:21:29,311
- If you gave me the name...
- If you order me to, I'll do it.
1322
01:21:29,365 --> 01:21:32,772
That's a mistake, Robert.
You need to volunteer this name.
1323
01:21:33,594 --> 01:21:35,201
Did he give you the name?
1324
01:21:35,334 --> 01:21:36,779
- He did.
- But not then, did he?
1325
01:21:36,826 --> 01:21:37,858
- No.
- No, in fact,
1326
01:21:37,920 --> 01:21:39,701
it was some months
later, wasn't it?
1327
01:21:40,128 --> 01:21:41,022
It was.
1328
01:21:41,128 --> 01:21:44,014
- You've seen his persistence.
- Well, you are.
1329
01:21:44,100 --> 01:21:45,873
You are persistent,
but that's your job.
1330
01:21:45,936 --> 01:21:49,194
And my job is to protect
the people that work for me.
1331
01:21:49,467 --> 01:21:51,467
Instead of us going
on certain steps,
1332
01:21:51,533 --> 01:21:53,376
which may come
to your attention,
1333
01:21:54,471 --> 01:21:56,393
and be disturbing to you,
1334
01:21:56,928 --> 01:21:59,181
I would like to discuss
those with you first.
1335
01:21:59,528 --> 01:22:03,275
I'm not formulating a plan, I'll
just have to digest the whole thing.
1336
01:22:07,504 --> 01:22:10,701
In the months in between your
interview with Dr. Oppenheimer, and
1337
01:22:10,855 --> 01:22:14,593
his eventual naming of Chevalier,
did you expend resources trying to find
1338
01:22:14,664 --> 01:22:18,004
the name of the intermediary?
- Considerable resources, yes.
1339
01:22:18,504 --> 01:22:20,683
Without the name, our
job was extremely difficult.
1340
01:22:20,793 --> 01:22:23,816
- And when did you receive the name?
- I was gone by the time Oppenheimer
1341
01:22:23,871 --> 01:22:25,479
- finally offered it up.
- Gone?
1342
01:22:25,808 --> 01:22:27,867
They felt my time would
be better spent in Europe,
1343
01:22:28,019 --> 01:22:30,504
determining the status
of the Nazi bomb project.
1344
01:22:30,738 --> 01:22:31,738
Who did?
1345
01:22:32,691 --> 01:22:34,191
General Groves.
1346
01:22:34,558 --> 01:22:36,058
He transferred me to London.
1347
01:22:42,905 --> 01:22:44,959
It's a little early for
a Christmas party.
1348
01:22:45,202 --> 01:22:46,202
Something's up.
1349
01:22:46,561 --> 01:22:48,342
Tolman's been away.
1350
01:22:48,819 --> 01:22:50,202
Where?
1351
01:22:50,295 --> 01:22:52,069
Ruth won't tell.
1352
01:23:01,380 --> 01:23:02,661
Come on, Murphy.
1353
01:23:02,839 --> 01:23:04,449
You can tell me, how can you tell?
1354
01:23:05,136 --> 01:23:07,185
Compartmentalization, Oppie.
1355
01:23:07,544 --> 01:23:09,715
What makes you think I
know where he is, anyway?
1356
01:23:09,801 --> 01:23:13,474
Because you're doing a pretty good job of
knowing where Mr. Donovan is when it counts.
1357
01:23:13,981 --> 01:23:15,135
Like now?
1358
01:23:15,160 --> 01:23:18,660
Attention!
1359
01:23:21,325 --> 01:23:23,825
Early Christmas present for you all.
1360
01:23:31,414 --> 01:23:33,746
The British pilot put
me in the bomb bay.
1361
01:23:33,746 --> 01:23:37,230
He showed me the oxygen,
you know, but I messed it up.
1362
01:23:37,410 --> 01:23:40,066
Um, when they opened me up
in Scotland, I was unconscious.
1363
01:23:40,332 --> 01:23:42,910
But I pretended
I'd been napping.
1364
01:23:43,238 --> 01:23:45,136
Please enjoy your party.
1365
01:23:45,746 --> 01:23:48,660
- Is it big enough?
- To end the war?
1366
01:23:49,136 --> 01:23:51,636
To end all war.
1367
01:23:54,496 --> 01:23:58,386
Heisenberg sought
me out in Copenhagen.
1368
01:23:58,562 --> 01:24:02,277
I was chilling with my old
student working for the Nazis.
1369
01:24:02,382 --> 01:24:06,225
He told me some
things to draw me out.
1370
01:24:06,562 --> 01:24:09,562
Sustained fission
reactions in uranium.
1371
01:24:09,562 --> 01:24:11,562
That sounds more like
a reactor than a bomb.
1372
01:24:11,562 --> 01:24:13,562
Did he mention
gaseous diffusion?
1373
01:24:13,562 --> 01:24:16,562
He seemed more
focused on heavy water.
1374
01:24:16,562 --> 01:24:19,061
- As a moderator?
- Yes, instead of graphite.
1375
01:24:22,046 --> 01:24:23,046
What?
1376
01:24:23,928 --> 01:24:25,642
He took a wrong turn.
1377
01:24:25,767 --> 01:24:26,866
We're ahead.
1378
01:24:26,983 --> 01:24:28,322
And with you here
to help us, Niels...
1379
01:24:28,946 --> 01:24:32,584
So could you give us
a moment, gentlemen?
1380
01:24:38,298 --> 01:24:41,298
I'm not here to help, Robert.
1381
01:24:41,530 --> 01:24:43,165
I knew you could
do this without me.
1382
01:24:43,233 --> 01:24:45,978
- Why did you come?
- To talk about after.
1383
01:24:46,178 --> 01:24:49,889
The power you're about to
reveal will forever outlive the Nazis.
1384
01:24:50,636 --> 01:24:52,636
And the world is not prepared.
1385
01:24:52,661 --> 01:24:56,319
"You can lift the stone without being
ready for the snake that's revealed."
1386
01:24:56,352 --> 01:24:59,352
We have to make the politicians
understand this isn't a new weapon.
1387
01:25:00,230 --> 01:25:01,519
It's a new world.
1388
01:25:01,857 --> 01:25:04,474
I'll be out there doing
what I can, but you...
1389
01:25:05,160 --> 01:25:07,638
You're an American Prometheus.
1390
01:25:07,847 --> 01:25:11,654
The man who gave them the
power to destroy themselves.
1391
01:25:11,792 --> 01:25:13,451
And they'll respect that.
1392
01:25:13,627 --> 01:25:15,377
Then your work really begins.
1393
01:25:20,324 --> 01:25:22,573
I'm sorry, Oppie, but there's a call.
1394
01:25:24,026 --> 01:25:25,572
From San Francisco.
1395
01:25:32,048 --> 01:25:34,048
Robert!
1396
01:25:36,954 --> 01:25:38,954
Robert?
1397
01:25:38,954 --> 01:25:40,954
Robert.
1398
01:25:40,954 --> 01:25:42,612
Robert.
1399
01:25:42,682 --> 01:25:44,954
What happened?
1400
01:25:46,039 --> 01:25:48,039
Your father called.
1401
01:25:48,289 --> 01:25:50,289
We found her
yesterday in the bath.
1402
01:25:51,409 --> 01:25:52,954
Who?
1403
01:25:53,893 --> 01:25:56,954
She's taken pills.
Left a note outside.
1404
01:25:58,954 --> 01:26:02,190
She took barbiturates, but there
was chloral hydrate in her blood.
1405
01:26:04,807 --> 01:26:06,534
There was a note.
1406
01:26:06,613 --> 01:26:08,643
Jean Tatlock?
1407
01:26:14,074 --> 01:26:16,074
We were together.
1408
01:26:16,480 --> 01:26:18,534
She said she needed me. I...
1409
01:26:20,557 --> 01:26:22,074
I don't know why. [?]
1410
01:26:22,074 --> 01:26:23,596
I wouldn't...
1411
01:26:23,675 --> 01:26:25,346
I don't know why. [?]
1412
01:26:25,700 --> 01:26:27,877
I knew it was me. It was me.
1413
01:26:30,167 --> 01:26:32,112
You don't get to commit sin.
1414
01:26:32,214 --> 01:26:35,346
And then I was all feeling sorry for
you, because you had consequences. [?]
1415
01:26:38,534 --> 01:26:41,182
You put yourself together.
1416
01:26:44,763 --> 01:26:46,763
You know, people
here depend on you.
1417
01:26:48,994 --> 01:26:51,182
Donald, would you like
to contribute here, please?
1418
01:26:51,237 --> 01:26:52,229
You're on your own now.
1419
01:26:52,264 --> 01:26:54,844
I'm not quitting my job because
plutonium is radioactive.
1420
01:26:54,914 --> 01:26:58,473
We just don't know what it might
do to the female reproductive system.
1421
01:26:58,554 --> 01:27:01,289
Your reproductive system is more
exposed than mine, presumably.
1422
01:27:01,351 --> 01:27:03,656
Can we please? The
implosion device is nowhere.
1423
01:27:03,742 --> 01:27:05,289
Can't rush everything.
Oppie, please.
1424
01:27:05,351 --> 01:27:07,898
Well, there's rushing, and there's
getting on with it, so take it easy.
1425
01:27:07,937 --> 01:27:09,828
Wait, wait, wait.
Neddermeyer is doing his job.
1426
01:27:09,914 --> 01:27:12,542
Teller's not helping.
You're not helping.
1427
01:27:12,601 --> 01:27:15,187
I've been asking for detonations
on the implosion lenses for weeks.
1428
01:27:15,265 --> 01:27:17,617
- The British can do it. Fuse.
- Absolutely.
1429
01:27:17,692 --> 01:27:20,871
It's your job, Teller. I'm
engaged in research.
1430
01:27:20,902 --> 01:27:23,567
On a hydrogen bomb
we're not even building!
1431
01:27:31,473 --> 01:27:33,226
I won't work with that man.
1432
01:27:33,226 --> 01:27:35,481
Oh. Let him go.
1433
01:27:35,559 --> 01:27:38,051
- He's a prima donna!
- I agree.
1434
01:27:38,101 --> 01:27:40,051
- He should leave Los Alamos.
- OK.
1435
01:27:40,495 --> 01:27:43,612
Kisty, you replace Neddermeyer.
Seth, I'm putting you on plutonium.
1436
01:27:43,668 --> 01:27:47,051
Lilli, you go up for Kisty.
Because he needs you.
1437
01:27:47,137 --> 01:27:51,059
Fuchs, you take Teller's role. I'm putting
you exclusively on the implosion device.
1438
01:27:51,358 --> 01:27:55,301
And no one is leaving Los Alamos.
1439
01:28:09,303 --> 01:28:12,973
- They won't let me leave!
- No, I won't let you leave.
1440
01:28:14,061 --> 01:28:16,647
Forget Hans, forget fission.
1441
01:28:17,147 --> 01:28:21,920
Stay here, research what you want.
Fusion, the hydrogen bomb, whatever.
1442
01:28:22,216 --> 01:28:24,904
We'll need to discuss it.
You don't have time to debate. [?]
1443
01:28:25,155 --> 01:28:29,061
You're a politician now, Robert. You've
left physics behind many, many years ago.
1444
01:28:30,044 --> 01:28:31,381
Once a week.
1445
01:28:31,841 --> 01:28:33,841
One hour, you and me.
1446
01:28:39,326 --> 01:28:41,428
Now raise this fucking barrier!
1447
01:28:45,873 --> 01:28:49,146
So the super was under development
on your watch at Los Alamos?
1448
01:28:49,481 --> 01:28:50,638
Yes.
1449
01:28:51,162 --> 01:28:54,475
And yet, after the war,
you tried to deny it was viable.
1450
01:28:54,608 --> 01:28:57,780
No, no, no. I pointed out
technical difficulties with it.
1451
01:28:57,990 --> 01:28:59,565
Didn't you try to
kill it at the AEC meeting after
1452
01:28:59,589 --> 01:29:01,014
the Russian bomb test?
- No.
1453
01:29:01,123 --> 01:29:04,146
But that was the recommendation
of the AEC, was it not?
1454
01:29:04,217 --> 01:29:07,146
After hours of discussion
about the best response.
1455
01:29:07,403 --> 01:29:12,764
An H-bomb is 1,000 times
the power of an A-bomb.
1456
01:29:13,574 --> 01:29:16,990
Its only intended target
would be the largest cities.
1457
01:29:17,504 --> 01:29:19,504
- It's a weapon of mass genocide.
- Izzy.
1458
01:29:19,589 --> 01:29:21,755
Draw some circles on
this side of the map,
1459
01:29:22,022 --> 01:29:25,662
where they would target us,
starting in New York. That's D.C.
1460
01:29:25,717 --> 01:29:28,334
It's a weapon of attack
with no defensive value.
1461
01:29:28,387 --> 01:29:29,920
- Deterrence.
- Deterrence?
1462
01:29:29,990 --> 01:29:33,678
Do we really need more deterrence
than our current arsenal of atomic bombs?
1463
01:29:33,780 --> 01:29:37,998
You drown in 10 feet of water
or 10,000, what's the difference?
1464
01:29:38,069 --> 01:29:41,504
We can already drown, actually.
Hey, that'll get us around this. [?]
1465
01:29:53,186 --> 01:29:57,912
As I said, Teller's designs are still as
impractical as they were during the war.
1466
01:29:57,912 --> 01:30:00,712
An hydrogen bomb can be made
to work, Oppie. You know that.
1467
01:30:00,712 --> 01:30:03,612
I don't believe we should commit
all our resources to that chance.
1468
01:30:03,612 --> 01:30:06,612
Then how would you have Truman
reassure the American people?
1469
01:30:06,612 --> 01:30:08,870
Simply by limiting the
spread of atomic weapons
1470
01:30:08,894 --> 01:30:11,584
through international
control on nuclear energy.
1471
01:30:11,808 --> 01:30:16,308
- By which you mean world government.
- The United Nations, as Roosevelt intended.
1472
01:30:16,518 --> 01:30:19,526
Well, I asked what
Truman should do, right?
1473
01:30:19,581 --> 01:30:23,808
The world's changed. It's not fascism, but
communism, that now threatens our survival.
1474
01:30:24,081 --> 01:30:27,393
Lewis, do you understand,
if we build a hydrogen bomb,
1475
01:30:27,510 --> 01:30:29,808
the Russians will have no
choice but to build their own?
1476
01:30:29,869 --> 01:30:31,533
Could they be working
on one already?
1477
01:30:31,681 --> 01:30:34,308
Based on information gathered
from a spy at Los Alamos.
1478
01:30:34,308 --> 01:30:35,808
There's no spy at Los Alamos.
1479
01:30:35,808 --> 01:30:38,064
Gentlemen, let's not get sidetracked.
1480
01:30:38,816 --> 01:30:41,404
I say we use this moment to gain
concessions from the Russians
1481
01:30:41,428 --> 01:30:44,433
by committing that we will
not build a hydrogen bomb.
1482
01:30:44,494 --> 01:30:48,128
- Thereby revealing its existence.
- Which you seem convinced they already know.
1483
01:30:48,296 --> 01:30:49,296
Alright.
1484
01:30:49,425 --> 01:30:52,156
At this point, I'd like the
committee members to meet
1485
01:30:52,180 --> 01:30:55,304
in privacy to finalize
our recommendations.
1486
01:30:56,554 --> 01:30:59,096
I'm just not sure you want
to go down this route, Lewis.
1487
01:30:59,096 --> 01:31:02,273
With respect, we are the advisory
committee. We will give them our advice.
1488
01:31:07,718 --> 01:31:10,015
Dr. Oppenheimer? Hi.
1489
01:31:10,390 --> 01:31:13,281
William Borden.
Joint Committee on Atomic Energy.
1490
01:31:13,325 --> 01:31:14,325
Oh, nice, nice.
1491
01:31:14,669 --> 01:31:16,546
During the war I was a pilot.
1492
01:31:17,234 --> 01:31:21,773
One night, flying back from a
raid, I saw an amazing sight.
1493
01:31:21,867 --> 01:31:25,507
I got a meteor.
A V2 rocket headed England.
1494
01:31:26,162 --> 01:31:28,363
I can't help but imagine
what it will be
1495
01:31:28,387 --> 01:31:32,444
for such an enemy rocket
to carry an atomic warhead.
1496
01:31:41,249 --> 01:31:44,382
Let's make sure we're not
the ones to make that possible.
1497
01:31:49,740 --> 01:31:52,740
Oppie, I don't think you
want to go up against Strauss.
1498
01:31:52,984 --> 01:31:55,218
If we both speak,
they'd listen to me.
1499
01:31:55,601 --> 01:31:59,382
When you speak, they hear a prophet.
When Strauss speaks, they hear themselves.
1500
01:31:59,585 --> 01:32:01,023
They'll listen to a prophet.
1501
01:32:01,460 --> 01:32:04,146
A prophet can't be
wrong. Not once.
1502
01:32:04,648 --> 01:32:07,898
Did you accuse Oppenheimer of
sabotaging the development of the super?
1503
01:32:08,007 --> 01:32:12,146
I was never one of those to
bandy around terms like sabotage.
1504
01:32:12,500 --> 01:32:15,773
- And Mr. Borden wasn't?
- As I understand it, possibly.
1505
01:32:16,085 --> 01:32:19,671
How was Mr. Borden able to put
together such a detailed indictment?
1506
01:32:19,765 --> 01:32:22,390
He was no longer a government
employee, but he appears to have had
1507
01:32:22,460 --> 01:32:25,186
unlimited access to Dr. Oppenheimer's file.
1508
01:32:25,311 --> 01:32:30,249
Might Mr. Nichols have given him access
to the file? Or someone else at the AEC?
1509
01:32:30,350 --> 01:32:32,343
That's very serious accusations.
1510
01:32:32,936 --> 01:32:37,381
Is it your intention to suggest that
Dr. Oppenheimer was disloyal to the United States?
1511
01:32:37,538 --> 01:32:41,874
I've always assumed, and still assume,
that he's loyal to the United States.
1512
01:32:42,139 --> 01:32:46,544
I believe this, and I shall believe it, until
I see very conclusive proof to the opposite.
1513
01:32:46,653 --> 01:32:50,788
Do you, or do you not believe that
Dr. Oppenheimer is a security risk?
1514
01:32:59,389 --> 01:33:02,544
I think my take is that when Hitler
blew his brains out in that bunker,
1515
01:33:02,544 --> 01:33:04,768
it is my humble opinion
that there is no need
1516
01:33:04,792 --> 01:33:07,544
for that bomb to be [?]
anywhere except that test site.
1517
01:33:08,233 --> 01:33:10,420
Well, we at least have to
take a moment to think about
1518
01:33:10,477 --> 01:33:13,952
whether the means justify
the ends any longer because...
1519
01:33:16,463 --> 01:33:18,748
Germany is about to surrender.
1520
01:33:20,670 --> 01:33:25,780
It's no longer the enemy who are the
greatest threat to mankind. It's our work.
1521
01:33:28,210 --> 01:33:30,616
Hitler's dead. It's true.
1522
01:33:32,358 --> 01:33:33,952
But the Japanese fight hard.
1523
01:33:34,259 --> 01:33:35,725
Their defeat seems assured.
1524
01:33:36,150 --> 01:33:38,569
Not if you're a G.I. preparing to invade.
1525
01:33:39,873 --> 01:33:41,139
We can end this war.
1526
01:33:41,264 --> 01:33:44,420
But how do we justify using
this weapon on human beings?
1527
01:33:47,581 --> 01:33:48,781
We're theorists,
1528
01:33:49,596 --> 01:33:50,396
yes?
1529
01:33:51,709 --> 01:33:56,397
We imagine a future, and
our imaginings horrify us.
1530
01:33:57,003 --> 01:33:59,346
They won't fear it until
they understand it,
1531
01:33:59,432 --> 01:34:01,995
and they won't understand
it until they've used it.
1532
01:34:02,253 --> 01:34:05,479
When the world learns the
terrible secret of Los Alamos,
1533
01:34:06,073 --> 01:34:09,464
our work here will ensure a
peace mankind has never seen.
1534
01:34:09,698 --> 01:34:15,088
A peace based on the kind of international
cooperation that Roosevelt always envisaged.
1535
01:34:19,878 --> 01:34:23,213
- Progress?
- Two years and a billion dollars' worth.
1536
01:34:24,050 --> 01:34:27,002
- Hard to put a price on it.
- Not really, just add up the bills.
1537
01:34:27,002 --> 01:34:30,791
Rural free deliveries.
80 babies delivered the first year.
1538
01:34:31,321 --> 01:34:33,376
This year we've had 10 a month.
1539
01:34:33,791 --> 01:34:35,002
Birth control?
1540
01:34:35,002 --> 01:34:37,002
That's a bit out of my
jurisdiction, General.
1541
01:34:37,392 --> 01:34:39,392
Clearly.
1542
01:34:44,541 --> 01:34:47,971
Head down.
Folks, head down.
1543
01:34:54,877 --> 01:34:56,337
That's the bomb.
1544
01:34:56,432 --> 01:34:58,001
Two viable bombs.
1545
01:34:58,026 --> 01:35:00,007
I need a date.
1546
01:35:01,695 --> 01:35:02,695
September.
1547
01:35:02,976 --> 01:35:03,976
July.
1548
01:35:04,351 --> 01:35:06,351
That's the sweet spot, gentlemen.
1549
01:35:06,578 --> 01:35:07,578
August.
1550
01:35:08,190 --> 01:35:09,578
July.
1551
01:35:10,000 --> 01:35:11,815
Tests in July.
1552
01:35:12,045 --> 01:35:14,045
But I need my brother.
1553
01:35:17,500 --> 01:35:20,080
Frank goes to the desert.
He's left politics behind.
1554
01:35:20,143 --> 01:35:22,127
He's been working with
Lawrence for two years.
1555
01:35:29,000 --> 01:35:31,000
What do we call the test?
1556
01:35:32,190 --> 01:35:34,000
"Batter my heart,
1557
01:35:34,135 --> 01:35:35,690
three-person God."
1558
01:35:35,780 --> 01:35:37,096
What?
1559
01:35:38,291 --> 01:35:39,401
Trinity.
1560
01:35:47,299 --> 01:35:50,533
You insisted on bringing on your
brother Frank, a known communist.
1561
01:35:50,634 --> 01:35:52,165
Former communist.
1562
01:35:52,455 --> 01:35:54,673
You brought a known
former communist...
1563
01:35:54,884 --> 01:35:58,119
onto America's most secret and
important defense project.
1564
01:35:58,244 --> 01:36:01,212
I knew my brother could
be trusted. Absolutely.
1565
01:36:01,447 --> 01:36:04,790
And you felt your judgment was sound
on who on the team could be trusted?
1566
01:36:05,280 --> 01:36:07,009
Folks, head down.
1567
01:36:07,280 --> 01:36:08,837
Everybody ready?
1568
01:36:18,080 --> 01:36:20,584
- I hope you learned something.
- Yeah, we've learned we're gonna need
1569
01:36:20,608 --> 01:36:23,087
to be a lot further away.
- Well, figure it out, fast.
1570
01:36:23,248 --> 01:36:25,955
We leave for Washington in the
morning. We're going to give him a date.
1571
01:36:40,939 --> 01:36:43,080
You're a long way from Chicago, Leo.
1572
01:36:43,142 --> 01:36:45,892
If we don't act now, they're going
to use this thing against Japan.
1573
01:36:46,205 --> 01:36:49,244
We booked a meeting with
Truman, but somebody killed it.
1574
01:36:49,556 --> 01:36:51,642
You're meeting the Secretary of War.
1575
01:36:51,712 --> 01:36:55,447
Just because we're building it, doesn't
mean we get to decide how it's used.
1576
01:36:56,017 --> 01:36:58,446
History will judge us from Earth.
1577
01:36:58,837 --> 01:37:01,018
In Chicago, we put
together a petition.
1578
01:37:01,689 --> 01:37:03,689
I'm not... I'm not
getting into this.
1579
01:37:08,244 --> 01:37:10,314
Just tell me your concerns,
and I will allay them.
1580
01:37:10,384 --> 01:37:13,033
My concerns? Germany's defeated.
1581
01:37:13,181 --> 01:37:14,962
Japan's not going to hold out alone.
1582
01:37:15,033 --> 01:37:17,236
How could you know
that? You got us into this.
1583
01:37:17,369 --> 01:37:20,486
You and Einstein, with your letter to
Roosevelt saying we could build a bomb.
1584
01:37:20,551 --> 01:37:21,626
Against Germany?
1585
01:37:21,654 --> 01:37:24,329
That's not how weapons
manufacture works, Szilard.
1586
01:37:24,517 --> 01:37:25,884
Oppie, you have to help.
1587
01:37:25,939 --> 01:37:27,829
Fermi's in the meeting.
Lawrence is in the meeting.
1588
01:37:27,876 --> 01:37:32,986
They're not you. You're the great salesman of
science. You can convince anyone of anything.
1589
01:37:34,276 --> 01:37:35,670
Even yourself.
1590
01:37:35,694 --> 01:37:37,276
Excuse me.
1591
01:37:38,440 --> 01:37:43,353
The firestorm in Tokyo killed
100,000 people, mostly civilians.
1592
01:37:44,087 --> 01:37:47,548
I worry about America when we
do these things and no one protests.
1593
01:37:47,720 --> 01:37:50,907
Pearl Harbor, and three years
of brutal conflict in the Pacific,
1594
01:37:51,033 --> 01:37:53,603
buys a lot of latitude
with the American public.
1595
01:37:53,916 --> 01:37:57,908
- Enough to unleash the atomic bomb?
- The A-bomb might not cause as much damage
1596
01:37:57,947 --> 01:38:00,587
as the Tokyo bomb, yes.
- What are we estimating?
1597
01:38:00,851 --> 01:38:02,869
In a medium-sized city, ah,
1598
01:38:03,329 --> 01:38:05,587
20, or 30,000 dead.
1599
01:38:05,822 --> 01:38:11,353
Yes, but don't underestimate the
psychological impact of an atomic explosion.
1600
01:38:11,813 --> 01:38:15,119
A pillar of fire, 10,000 feet tall,
1601
01:38:15,627 --> 01:38:17,627
deadly neutron effects for a mile,
1602
01:38:17,720 --> 01:38:21,556
in all directions, from one single device.
1603
01:38:21,774 --> 01:38:25,322
Dropped from a barely-noticed
B-29, the atomic bomb will be...
1604
01:38:26,439 --> 01:38:29,056
a terrible revelation
of divine power.
1605
01:38:29,689 --> 01:38:32,232
If that's true, it would be definitive.
1606
01:38:32,232 --> 01:38:34,232
World War II would be over.
1607
01:38:34,232 --> 01:38:36,032
Our boys would come home.
1608
01:38:36,032 --> 01:38:38,232
Military targets?
1609
01:38:38,232 --> 01:38:40,332
But there aren't any big enough.
1610
01:38:40,332 --> 01:38:46,158
Perhaps a vital war plant
with workers housed nearby.
1611
01:38:46,290 --> 01:38:49,032
And we could issue a warning
to reduce civilian casualties.
1612
01:38:49,236 --> 01:38:53,224
They'd send everything they have up
against us, and I'd be up in that plane.
1613
01:38:53,383 --> 01:38:56,270
If we announce it,
and it fails to go off,
1614
01:38:56,399 --> 01:38:59,039
we'd scupper any chance
of a Japanese surrender.
1615
01:38:59,345 --> 01:39:03,486
Is there no way to demonstrate a
bomb to Japan to provoke surrender?
1616
01:39:03,569 --> 01:39:06,814
We intend to demonstrate it in
the most unambiguous terms.
1617
01:39:06,977 --> 01:39:07,977
Twice.
1618
01:39:08,032 --> 01:39:09,884
Once to show the weapon's power,
1619
01:39:09,954 --> 01:39:13,500
and a second to show that we can
keep doing this until they surrender.
1620
01:39:13,632 --> 01:39:16,368
We have a list of 12 cities to choose from.
1621
01:39:16,832 --> 01:39:18,657
Sorry, 11.
1622
01:39:18,832 --> 01:39:20,832
I've taken Kyoto off the list,
1623
01:39:20,832 --> 01:39:23,672
due to its cultural significance
to the Japanese people.
1624
01:39:24,353 --> 01:39:27,039
Also, my wife and I honeymooned there.
1625
01:39:27,432 --> 01:39:29,432
It's a magnificent city.
1626
01:39:32,106 --> 01:39:33,762
Let me make this simple for you, gentlemen.
1627
01:39:33,848 --> 01:39:36,450
According to my intelligence,
which I cannot share with you,
1628
01:39:36,450 --> 01:39:38,450
the Japanese people will not surrender,
1629
01:39:38,450 --> 01:39:40,450
under any circumstances,
1630
01:39:40,450 --> 01:39:43,450
short of a successful and total
invasion of the home islands.
1631
01:39:43,450 --> 01:39:46,450
Many lives will be lost,
American and Japanese.
1632
01:39:46,450 --> 01:39:50,450
The use of the atomic bomb
on Japanese cities will save lives.
1633
01:39:50,450 --> 01:39:53,450
If we retain moral advantage.
1634
01:39:53,839 --> 01:39:54,839
How so?
1635
01:39:54,864 --> 01:39:57,168
Well, if we use this weapon
without informing our allies,
1636
01:39:57,254 --> 01:39:59,551
they'll see it as a threat,
and we'll be in an arms race.
1637
01:39:59,770 --> 01:40:01,770
How open can we
be with the Soviets?
1638
01:40:01,887 --> 01:40:05,762
Secrecy won't stop the Soviets from
becoming part of the atomic world.
1639
01:40:05,895 --> 01:40:09,450
- We've been told they had no uranium.
- You've been misinformed.
1640
01:40:09,450 --> 01:40:11,450
A Russian bomb is a matter of time.
1641
01:40:11,450 --> 01:40:14,450
The program needs to
continue at full pace after the war.
1642
01:40:15,356 --> 01:40:19,207
Secretary Simpson, if
I may, not all scientists
1643
01:40:19,520 --> 01:40:21,215
on the
project are in agreement.
1644
01:40:21,301 --> 01:40:24,168
In fact, this might be a moment
to consider other opinions.
1645
01:40:24,356 --> 01:40:26,696
If you talk to scientists...
- The Manhattan Project has been plagued
1646
01:40:26,738 --> 01:40:32,527
from the start by certain scientists of
doubtful discretion, and uncertain loyalty.
1647
01:40:32,613 --> 01:40:34,450
One of 'em just tried to
meet with the President.
1648
01:40:34,590 --> 01:40:36,078
Now, we need these men,
1649
01:40:36,102 --> 01:40:37,813
but as soon as it's practical,
1650
01:40:37,863 --> 01:40:41,863
we should sever any such scientists from
the program. Wouldn't you agree, Doctor?
1651
01:40:42,784 --> 01:40:45,184
If a Russian bomb is inevitable,
1652
01:40:45,184 --> 01:40:48,184
perhaps we should invite
their top scientist to Trinity.
1653
01:40:48,184 --> 01:40:51,856
President Truman has no intention
of raising expectations
1654
01:40:51,880 --> 01:40:54,684
that Stalin be included
in the atomic project.
1655
01:40:54,684 --> 01:40:56,084
Informing him of our breakthrough,
1656
01:40:56,084 --> 01:40:58,084
and presenting it as a
means to win the war,
1657
01:40:58,084 --> 01:40:59,930
need not make
unkeepable promises.
1658
01:41:00,125 --> 01:41:02,368
But, the Potsdam
Peace Conference in July
1659
01:41:02,407 --> 01:41:05,852
will be President Truman's last
chance to have that conversation.
1660
01:41:06,384 --> 01:41:08,891
Can you give us a working bomb by then?
1661
01:41:09,284 --> 01:41:10,484
Absolutely.
1662
01:41:10,484 --> 01:41:12,938
We will test fire before the conference.
1663
01:41:17,258 --> 01:41:23,688
Ground zero. Observation posts at
10,000 yards, north, south, and west.
1664
01:41:23,727 --> 01:41:26,137
- Where do we trigger from?
- South, 10,000.
1665
01:41:26,628 --> 01:41:30,135
And base camp is
10 miles south here.
1666
01:41:30,300 --> 01:41:35,800
And there's a further observation
post on that hill, 20 miles away.
1667
01:41:35,800 --> 01:41:38,065
That's right. Trigger
lines already went in.
1668
01:41:38,135 --> 01:41:41,956
The Air Force requested a
line of flights for their B-29.
1669
01:41:42,050 --> 01:41:44,198
What B-29? Our bomb's on the tower.
1670
01:41:44,409 --> 01:41:45,702
They want to use the test
1671
01:41:45,726 --> 01:41:47,800
to confirm a safe operating distance.
- That's risky.
1672
01:41:48,226 --> 01:41:50,027
But not as risky as
dropping one over Japan,
1673
01:41:50,104 --> 01:41:52,097
and hoping that we were
right about the blast radius.
1674
01:41:52,183 --> 01:41:54,534
Don't let 'em slow us down,
we're firing on the 15th.
1675
01:41:54,613 --> 01:41:57,214
The 15th? That's the 15th.
1676
01:41:58,549 --> 01:41:59,549
15th.
1677
01:42:00,777 --> 01:42:02,843
So I'll be here at
South Observation Point
1678
01:42:02,867 --> 01:42:04,558
with Frank and Kistiakowsky.
1679
01:42:04,589 --> 01:42:11,066
You'll all be assigned to Base Camp,
West Observation, or Far Observation.
1680
01:42:20,550 --> 01:42:23,042
No, no!
Carefully, all right?
1681
01:42:25,575 --> 01:42:27,706
Are those safe distances?
1682
01:42:27,771 --> 01:42:29,511
They're based on
your calculations.
1683
01:42:29,568 --> 01:42:32,628
Time to stand behind your
science, Hans. Literally.
1684
01:43:01,274 --> 01:43:03,274
What about the radiation cloud?
1685
01:43:03,274 --> 01:43:06,613
Without high winds, it
should settle within 2-3 miles.
1686
01:43:06,714 --> 01:43:08,274
Evacuation measures are in place.
1687
01:43:08,274 --> 01:43:12,274
But we need good weather
for visibility, so it has to be fine.
1688
01:43:13,274 --> 01:43:14,274
Everybody out!
1689
01:43:24,802 --> 01:43:27,633
- Go on the night of the 15th.
- It's a hard deadline.
1690
01:43:27,728 --> 01:43:30,617
So if anyone has
anything, speak now.
1691
01:43:31,998 --> 01:43:34,419
Okay, stop! Now
everybody, mattresses.
1692
01:43:34,755 --> 01:43:36,888
Put those mattresses
there underneath.
1693
01:43:53,567 --> 01:43:56,680
[Could this be our]
final implosion test?
1694
01:43:57,818 --> 01:44:00,153
- [It's not too much.]
- Do it.
1695
01:44:01,584 --> 01:44:03,939
Is there anything else that might stop us?
1696
01:44:38,390 --> 01:44:40,390
That's happening, isn't it?
1697
01:44:41,956 --> 01:44:43,911
I'll send a message,
1698
01:44:43,944 --> 01:44:46,120
if it's gone our way,
1699
01:44:47,203 --> 01:44:49,203
"Take in the sheets."
1700
01:44:52,257 --> 01:44:54,257
Robert.
1701
01:44:56,578 --> 01:44:58,578
I'm glad.
1702
01:46:03,272 --> 01:46:06,455
Oppie's [betting on] a very
modest three kilotons.
1703
01:46:06,564 --> 01:46:09,062
- Teller's, he was 45.
- 20!
1704
01:46:09,062 --> 01:46:11,287
20,000 tons of TNT.
1705
01:46:11,334 --> 01:46:14,402
And does anyone want the side action
on atmospheric ignition?
1706
01:46:17,397 --> 01:46:20,397
- Are you saying we'll have to delay?
- I was saying it would be prudent.
1707
01:46:20,473 --> 01:46:22,280
This weather hasn't
reached the site.
1708
01:46:27,600 --> 01:46:29,664
[Teller's?] calling to tell
you the implosion test failed.
1709
01:46:29,749 --> 01:46:32,287
Hello, Hans? Yes, he's here.
1710
01:46:33,152 --> 01:46:34,152
Yes.
1711
01:46:36,872 --> 01:46:37,872
Is he wrong?
1712
01:46:38,072 --> 01:46:39,072
No. No.
1713
01:46:41,232 --> 01:46:42,858
So we're about to fire a dud.
1714
01:46:43,312 --> 01:46:44,741
- No.
- Explain!
1715
01:46:44,870 --> 01:46:46,270
Well, I can't. I just, I...
1716
01:46:46,342 --> 01:46:48,881
I just know, I know the
implosion lenses will work.
1717
01:46:48,967 --> 01:46:51,392
If we fire these detonators
and they don't trigger a reaction,
1718
01:46:51,472 --> 01:46:54,672
two years' worth of plutonium will
be scattered across White Sands.
1719
01:46:54,832 --> 01:46:57,792
A month of my salary against
ten bucks, says it starts.
1720
01:46:58,752 --> 01:46:59,752
Jesus.
1721
01:47:06,459 --> 01:47:09,665
The winds pickin' up at zero,
not the rain. Lightning's circling.
1722
01:47:09,940 --> 01:47:12,253
Think it might be time to
tell your men to get away
1723
01:47:12,277 --> 01:47:14,783
from the steel tower
with the atomic bomb.
1724
01:47:17,940 --> 01:47:19,451
Let's get to South
Observation.
1725
01:47:19,529 --> 01:47:22,139
Pull 'em out, and we make
our determination there.
1726
01:47:27,690 --> 01:47:29,690
The team hasn't slept for two nights!
1727
01:47:29,690 --> 01:47:32,928
If we stop now and leave the bomb
safe, we won't be back here for weeks!
1728
01:47:33,014 --> 01:47:37,842
Then we'll miss Potsdam! I gotta get word
to Truman by seven, our window's closing.
1729
01:47:37,904 --> 01:47:40,053
- What is this doing?
- Raining, blowing, lightning.
1730
01:47:40,131 --> 01:47:42,334
- For how long, damnit?
- Hold strong!
1731
01:47:42,428 --> 01:47:44,920
- It won't be before dawn.
- How could you know that?
1732
01:47:44,990 --> 01:47:48,334
I know this, Ted. The storm cools
overnight, just before dawn. Storm breaks.
1733
01:47:48,584 --> 01:47:49,662
You could be right, but
1734
01:47:49,686 --> 01:47:51,904
schedule as late as possible.
- Five-thirty.
1735
01:47:52,287 --> 01:47:55,076
Sign your forecast. If
you're wrong, I'll hang you.
1736
01:47:55,178 --> 01:47:58,412
- Tell 'em all. Five-thirty.
- Five-thirty, five-thirty!
1737
01:48:00,881 --> 01:48:05,647
Three years, four thousand
people, two billion dollars.
1738
01:48:05,795 --> 01:48:09,998
So it doesn't go off.
We're both finished.
1739
01:48:12,170 --> 01:48:14,170
I'm betting on three kilotons.
1740
01:48:15,030 --> 01:48:17,030
Anything less, I
won't get what it is.
1741
01:48:17,772 --> 01:48:21,265
Now, what did Fermi mean
by, uh, atmospheric ignition?
1742
01:48:21,413 --> 01:48:23,792
Well, we had a moment where
it looked like the chain reaction
1743
01:48:23,823 --> 01:48:26,576
from an atomic device
might never stop.
1744
01:48:27,249 --> 01:48:28,968
Setting fire to the atmosphere.
1745
01:48:28,968 --> 01:48:31,968
And was Fermi still taking side bets on it?
1746
01:48:31,968 --> 01:48:34,241
Call it gallows humor.
1747
01:48:37,272 --> 01:48:43,280
Are we saying there's a chance that when
we push that button, we destroy the world?
1748
01:48:43,388 --> 01:48:46,314
Nothing in our research over
three years supports that conclusion,
1749
01:48:46,338 --> 01:48:50,247
except it's the most
remote possibility.
1750
01:48:50,607 --> 01:48:53,279
- How remote?
- Chances are near zero.
1751
01:48:54,254 --> 01:48:55,771
Near zero?
1752
01:48:56,529 --> 01:48:59,177
What do you want from theory alone?
1753
01:49:00,631 --> 01:49:02,631
Zero would be nice.
1754
01:49:05,824 --> 01:49:08,783
In exactly one hour...
1755
01:49:08,825 --> 01:49:12,552
and 58 minutes, we'll know.
1756
01:49:18,351 --> 01:49:19,491
It's going up.
1757
01:49:32,305 --> 01:49:34,610
The army party's left zero,
they're heading this way.
1758
01:49:34,610 --> 01:49:35,610
Throw in your switches.
1759
01:49:35,610 --> 01:49:38,867
- Turn the cars!
- Ready for emergency evacuation.
1760
01:50:00,398 --> 01:50:02,226
Everybody take a welder's glass.
1761
01:50:03,367 --> 01:50:05,226
Everybody take a welders glass.
1762
01:50:56,382 --> 01:50:58,061
Twenty minutes.
1763
01:51:01,668 --> 01:51:03,053
Twenty minutes!
1764
01:51:14,165 --> 01:51:15,952
That's 20!
1765
01:51:18,705 --> 01:51:20,483
I'd like a drink.
1766
01:51:21,338 --> 01:51:23,338
- Feynman?
- No.
1767
01:51:23,642 --> 01:51:25,642
The glass stops the UV.
1768
01:51:26,061 --> 01:51:28,072
What stops the glass?
1769
01:51:29,087 --> 01:51:30,350
I'll head to base camp.
1770
01:51:30,483 --> 01:51:32,030
Best of luck.
1771
01:51:32,338 --> 01:51:33,338
Robert?
1772
01:51:35,027 --> 01:51:37,027
Try not to blow up the world.
1773
01:51:48,308 --> 01:51:51,050
- [Push?] that needle.
- If the detonators don't charge,
1774
01:51:51,167 --> 01:51:55,707
and the voltage drops below one volt,
you hit that button, you abort. Understood?
1775
01:51:56,284 --> 01:51:57,284
Understood.
1776
01:52:04,690 --> 01:52:06,746
Two minutes to detonation.
1777
01:52:07,222 --> 01:52:08,222
Everybody down!
1778
01:52:09,135 --> 01:52:11,855
Do not turn around until you
see light reflected on the hills.
1779
01:52:12,964 --> 01:52:15,894
Then look at the explosion
only through your welder's glass.
1780
01:52:15,935 --> 01:52:17,935
90 seconds to detonation.
1781
01:52:19,941 --> 01:52:22,519
80 seconds to detonation.
1782
01:52:23,238 --> 01:52:24,472
Is it plugged in? [?]
1783
01:52:25,339 --> 01:52:26,339
Yeah.
1784
01:52:32,761 --> 01:52:36,277
60 seconds to detonation.
1785
01:52:50,589 --> 01:52:52,599
These things are hard on your heart.
1786
01:52:52,624 --> 01:52:54,624
Thirty seconds.
1787
01:52:59,294 --> 01:53:01,013
Detonators primed!
1788
01:53:10,841 --> 01:53:12,051
Seventeen,
1789
01:53:12,138 --> 01:53:13,364
sixteen,
1790
01:53:13,872 --> 01:53:15,082
fifteen,
1791
01:53:15,411 --> 01:53:16,621
fourteen,
1792
01:53:17,451 --> 01:53:18,661
thirteen,
1793
01:53:19,232 --> 01:53:20,442
twelve,
1794
01:53:20,841 --> 01:53:22,051
eleven,
1795
01:53:22,576 --> 01:53:23,786
ten,
1796
01:53:24,574 --> 01:53:25,638
nine,
1797
01:53:26,458 --> 01:53:27,668
eight,
1798
01:53:28,723 --> 01:53:29,933
seven,
1799
01:53:30,982 --> 01:53:32,192
six,
1800
01:53:34,059 --> 01:53:35,269
five,
1801
01:53:36,614 --> 01:53:37,824
four,
1802
01:53:39,490 --> 01:53:40,700
three,
1803
01:53:41,896 --> 01:53:43,106
two,
1804
01:53:44,254 --> 01:53:45,464
one.
1805
01:54:27,371 --> 01:54:29,666
Are you dreaming of buying
something big, like this?
1806
01:54:29,666 --> 01:54:32,166
1XBet gets you the money
for your project right now.
1807
01:54:32,166 --> 01:54:35,086
Play any game, whether
it's poker or casino,
1808
01:54:35,086 --> 01:54:37,326
play cybersport, or play slot,
1809
01:54:37,326 --> 01:54:39,726
and you can build any
rice cooker you want.
1810
01:54:39,726 --> 01:54:44,086
Go to 1xbet's website and get a
100% bonus on your first deposit.
1811
01:55:17,176 --> 01:55:19,457
"And now I am become Death,
1812
01:55:21,846 --> 01:55:23,846
the destroyer of worlds."
1813
01:55:56,339 --> 01:55:57,824
It worked.
1814
01:56:32,947 --> 01:56:34,778
You owe me 10 dollars!
1815
01:56:37,035 --> 01:56:37,760
Go on!
1816
01:56:37,760 --> 01:56:39,760
I'm good for it, [?] Kisty.
1817
01:56:40,681 --> 01:56:41,681
You are!
1818
01:56:42,611 --> 01:56:44,082
Yes, you are!
1819
01:57:20,868 --> 01:57:22,994
Get me Potsdam right away.
1820
01:57:34,135 --> 01:57:35,822
Send a message to Kitty.
1821
01:57:36,074 --> 01:57:38,689
- We can't say anything.
- Tell her to take in the sheets.
1822
01:57:53,853 --> 01:57:55,697
- Hello?
- Hi, Kitty?
1823
01:57:55,728 --> 01:57:57,978
What? What? Charlotte?
Charlotte, go ahead.
1824
01:57:58,069 --> 01:58:00,353
Oh, um, well, I don't know.
1825
01:58:00,454 --> 01:58:03,228
He's just told me to tell you to bring in the sheets.
1826
01:58:05,658 --> 01:58:06,658
Kitty?
1827
01:58:17,954 --> 01:58:21,146
If the antennae are too high in the
air, the blast won't be as powerful.
1828
01:58:21,393 --> 01:58:25,150
With respect, Dr. Oppenheimer,
we'll take it from here.
1829
01:58:35,374 --> 01:58:37,710
Did Truman brief Stalin at Potsdam?
1830
01:58:38,304 --> 01:58:40,788
The brief would be an overstatement.
1831
01:58:40,849 --> 01:58:45,849
He referred to a powerful new weapon, to Stalin.
1832
01:58:46,992 --> 01:58:50,390
The culprit used it against Japan.
1833
01:58:50,992 --> 01:58:51,992
That's it?
1834
01:58:52,742 --> 01:58:56,241
Robert, we've given them an
ace. It's for them to play the hand.
1835
01:58:58,303 --> 01:58:59,920
You're aiming for the sixth ?
1836
01:59:00,538 --> 01:59:02,960
It's up to the COO [?] in the Pacific.
1837
01:59:03,992 --> 01:59:05,992
Should I come with you to Washington?
1838
01:59:07,390 --> 01:59:08,390
What for?
1839
01:59:10,875 --> 01:59:12,875
Will you keep me informed?
1840
01:59:13,906 --> 01:59:14,906
Of course.
1841
01:59:16,876 --> 01:59:18,491
As best I can.
1842
01:59:35,938 --> 01:59:38,907
Would the Japanese surrender
if they knew what was coming?
1843
01:59:39,722 --> 01:59:41,063
I don't know.
1844
01:59:43,517 --> 01:59:45,524
Have you seen Szilard's petition?
1845
01:59:45,712 --> 01:59:48,220
How the hell does Szilard
know about the Japanese?
1846
01:59:48,352 --> 01:59:50,066
You're not signing it, are you?
1847
01:59:50,424 --> 01:59:52,424
Many people have.
A lot of people.
1848
01:59:52,853 --> 01:59:53,861
Edward,
1849
01:59:55,282 --> 01:59:59,907
the fact that we built this bomb does not
give us any more right or responsibility.
1850
01:59:59,984 --> 02:00:02,196
to decide how it's
used, and anyone else.
1851
02:00:02,305 --> 02:00:04,305
But we're the only
people who know about it.
1852
02:00:04,633 --> 02:00:07,508
I've told Stimson the various
opinions of the community.
1853
02:00:07,703 --> 02:00:09,368
I thought it's your opinion?
1854
02:00:10,454 --> 02:00:11,649
Once it's used,
1855
02:00:12,751 --> 02:00:14,353
nuclear war, perhaps...
1856
02:00:15,126 --> 02:00:16,329
all war,
1857
02:00:17,735 --> 02:00:19,626
becomes unthinkable.
1858
02:00:19,836 --> 02:00:21,836
Until somebody
builds a bigger one.
1859
02:00:42,407 --> 02:00:43,804
I thought they would call.
1860
02:00:43,852 --> 02:00:45,399
It's only the fifth.
1861
02:00:47,946 --> 02:00:49,946
In Japan, it's the sixth.
1862
02:01:02,278 --> 02:01:03,946
Charlotte?
1863
02:01:05,743 --> 02:01:07,383
Try Groves.
1864
02:01:08,297 --> 02:01:09,836
Anything?
1865
02:01:11,680 --> 02:01:12,787
Charlotte?
1866
02:01:12,842 --> 02:01:14,641
Truman's on the radio.
1867
02:01:15,415 --> 02:01:17,532
Sixteen hours ago,
1868
02:01:17,967 --> 02:01:20,311
an American airplane
1869
02:01:20,405 --> 02:01:23,475
dropped one bomb on Hiroshima,
1870
02:01:24,849 --> 02:01:28,052
and destroyed its
usefulness to the enemy.
1871
02:01:29,951 --> 02:01:35,849
That bomb has more power
than 20,000 tons of TNT.
1872
02:01:37,795 --> 02:01:40,022
It is an atomic bomb.
1873
02:01:42,310 --> 02:01:47,131
It is the harnessing of the
basic power of the universe.
1874
02:01:49,343 --> 02:01:50,752
Groves, line one.
1875
02:01:56,133 --> 02:01:57,133
General?
1876
02:01:57,446 --> 02:01:59,679
I'm very proud of you,
and all of your people.
1877
02:02:00,227 --> 02:02:01,227
It went alright.
1878
02:02:01,517 --> 02:02:04,322
Apparently it went with a tremendous bang.
1879
02:02:05,338 --> 02:02:09,221
Oh. Everyone here is feeling
reasonably good about it.
1880
02:02:10,928 --> 02:02:12,328
It's been a long road.
1881
02:02:12,360 --> 02:02:14,673
I think one of the
wisest things I ever did
1882
02:02:14,697 --> 02:02:17,489
was when I selected the
director of Los Alamos.
1883
02:02:20,441 --> 02:02:24,121
We have spent more than two billion dollars
1884
02:02:24,146 --> 02:02:28,146
on the greatest scientific
gamble in history,
1885
02:02:28,740 --> 02:02:30,740
and we have won.
1886
02:02:34,684 --> 02:02:38,724
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
1887
02:03:56,874 --> 02:03:58,218
The world...
1888
02:03:59,852 --> 02:04:01,328
will remember this day.
1889
02:04:19,927 --> 02:04:21,927
It's too soon to...
1890
02:04:21,996 --> 02:04:23,996
It's too soon to determine
1891
02:04:24,021 --> 02:04:26,021
what the results of the bombing are.
1892
02:04:29,084 --> 02:04:31,084
But I'll bet the Japanese didn't like it.
1893
02:04:51,092 --> 02:04:52,888
I'm so proud.
1894
02:04:53,732 --> 02:04:56,365
So proud of what you have accomplished.
1895
02:05:03,277 --> 02:05:06,300
I just wish we had it in time
to use against the Germans.
1896
02:06:53,184 --> 02:06:54,294
Dr. Oppenheimer?
1897
02:06:55,748 --> 02:06:56,858
Dr. Oppenheimer?
1898
02:06:58,122 --> 02:06:59,490
Nice picture. [?]
1899
02:06:59,891 --> 02:07:01,891
President Truman will see you now.
1900
02:07:15,526 --> 02:07:18,313
Doctor Oppenheimer, it's an honor.
1901
02:07:18,360 --> 02:07:20,406
- Mr. President.
- Please.
1902
02:07:20,430 --> 02:07:21,430
Thank you.
1903
02:07:22,042 --> 02:07:23,042
Secretary Byrnes.
1904
02:07:25,721 --> 02:07:29,065
How's it feel to be the most
famous man in the world?
1905
02:07:29,526 --> 02:07:32,276
Now, you helped save
a lot of American lives.
1906
02:07:32,815 --> 02:07:36,760
- What we did at Hiroshima was...
- And Nagasaki.
1907
02:07:37,838 --> 02:07:39,323
Obviously.
1908
02:07:39,901 --> 02:07:42,948
Your invention let us
bring our boys home.
1909
02:07:43,034 --> 02:07:46,292
Well, it was hardly... my invention.
1910
02:07:46,384 --> 02:07:48,916
It was. You're on the cover of Time.
1911
02:07:51,372 --> 02:07:54,573
Jim tells me you're concerned
about an arms race for the Soviets.
1912
02:07:54,989 --> 02:07:56,989
Ah, yes, ah,
1913
02:07:59,174 --> 02:08:03,127
It's that, uh, now is
our chance to secure...
1914
02:08:04,237 --> 02:08:09,182
international cooperation on atomic
energy, and-and-and I'm concerned...
1915
02:08:09,463 --> 02:08:12,260
Do you know when the Soviets
are gonna have the bomb?
1916
02:08:12,416 --> 02:08:14,057
I don't think I could give you...
1917
02:08:14,111 --> 02:08:15,111
Never!
1918
02:08:16,259 --> 02:08:17,259
Never.
1919
02:08:17,659 --> 02:08:22,813
Mr. President, the Russians have
good physicists, and abundant resources-
1920
02:08:22,852 --> 02:08:24,759
- Abundant?
- Yes.
1921
02:08:25,416 --> 02:08:27,282
I don't think so.
1922
02:08:27,416 --> 02:08:30,416
Well, they'll put
everything they have...
1923
02:08:34,571 --> 02:08:38,282
I hear you're leaving Los Alamos.
1924
02:08:39,321 --> 02:08:40,844
What should we do with it?
1925
02:08:40,869 --> 02:08:42,869
Give it back to the Indians.
1926
02:08:50,204 --> 02:08:53,158
Um, Dr. Oppenheimer...
1927
02:08:53,618 --> 02:08:56,276
if what you say about
the Soviets is true,
1928
02:08:56,663 --> 02:09:01,046
we have to build up Los
Alamos, not shut it down.
1929
02:09:04,296 --> 02:09:08,003
Mr. President, ehm..
1930
02:09:11,144 --> 02:09:15,003
I feel that I have
blood on my hands.
1931
02:09:34,035 --> 02:09:37,418
You think anyone
in Hiroshima, or...
1932
02:09:38,103 --> 02:09:42,449
Nagasaki, gives a shit
who built the bomb?
1933
02:09:45,792 --> 02:09:49,910
They care who dropped it. I did.
1934
02:09:52,493 --> 02:09:55,386
Hiroshima isn't about you.
1935
02:10:00,976 --> 02:10:02,976
Dr. Oppenheimer.
1936
02:10:13,782 --> 02:10:16,782
Don't let that crybaby back in here!
1937
02:10:21,516 --> 02:10:24,516
Robert saw that
hand-wringing got him nowhere.
1938
02:10:25,391 --> 02:10:26,679
By the time I met him,
1939
02:10:26,742 --> 02:10:29,804
he'd fully embraced his
"Father of the Bomb" reputation.
1940
02:10:30,437 --> 02:10:33,437
Used his profile to influence policy.
1941
02:10:41,874 --> 02:10:43,425
Doctor, in the years
following the war,
1942
02:10:43,449 --> 02:10:47,392
would you say that you exerted a great
influence on the atomic policies of the USA?
1943
02:10:47,392 --> 02:10:49,792
I think "great" would
be an overstatement.
1944
02:10:49,792 --> 02:10:51,992
Really? What about
the issue of isotopes?
1945
02:10:51,992 --> 02:10:55,692
Were you not personally responsible for
destroying all opposition to their export?
1946
02:10:55,929 --> 02:10:58,092
...Could use a bottle of beer,
1947
02:10:58,092 --> 02:11:00,292
in making atomic weapons. In fact, you do.
1948
02:11:00,374 --> 02:11:04,179
I was the spokesman, but the opinion
among scientists was unanimous.
1949
02:11:04,292 --> 02:11:07,992
All along, with McCarthy on the
rise, he knew he was vulnerable.
1950
02:11:08,101 --> 02:11:12,195
His brother was blacklisted by
every university in the country.
1951
02:11:13,078 --> 02:11:16,336
Lomanitz went to working
on the railroad, laying track.
1952
02:11:18,000 --> 02:11:20,664
Chevalier went into exile.
1953
02:11:22,023 --> 02:11:27,245
But none of that stopped Robert from
pushing the GAC to recommend arms control,
1954
02:11:27,269 --> 02:11:29,374
instead of the H-Bomb.
1955
02:11:30,437 --> 02:11:34,187
He was devastated when Truman rejected their recommendation.
1956
02:11:35,688 --> 02:11:37,688
I miss Richard more than I can bear.
1957
02:11:37,688 --> 02:11:39,584
I know. I know.
1958
02:11:39,584 --> 02:11:42,843
I'm just glad he didn't live to see what this is all about.
1959
02:11:45,638 --> 02:11:48,437
Here comes the
birthday boy, to gloat.. [?]
1960
02:11:48,835 --> 02:11:50,451
Have fun.
1961
02:11:50,584 --> 02:11:52,581
Robert, my son and
his fiancee
1962
02:11:52,605 --> 02:11:55,370
are desperate to meet the
father of the atomic bomb, so...
1963
02:12:04,222 --> 02:12:07,206
- Is this a bad time?
- What do you think, Lewis?
1964
02:12:07,527 --> 02:12:09,636
I think it must have been a blow for you.
1965
02:12:09,785 --> 02:12:11,074
For the world.
1966
02:12:12,269 --> 02:12:15,660
The world? What does Fuchs
mean to the rest of the world?
1967
02:12:16,855 --> 02:12:17,882
Fuchs?
1968
02:12:18,312 --> 02:12:19,728
Klaus Fuchs?
1969
02:12:21,322 --> 02:12:23,870
Oh dear. You haven't heard.
1970
02:12:26,657 --> 02:12:31,488
Klaus Fuchs, the British scientist that you
put onto the implosion team at Los Alamos.
1971
02:12:32,503 --> 02:12:33,914
Turns out he was...
1972
02:12:34,222 --> 02:12:36,777
He was spying for the
Soviets the whole time.
1973
02:12:37,063 --> 02:12:38,347
I'm sorry.
1974
02:12:43,844 --> 02:12:46,368
After the truth about
Fuchs came out,
1975
02:12:46,501 --> 02:12:48,688
the FBI stepped up
surveillance on him.
1976
02:12:48,794 --> 02:12:50,872
He knew his phone was tapped.
1977
02:12:51,521 --> 02:12:53,051
It was followed everywhere.
1978
02:12:53,515 --> 02:12:55,051
His trash picked through.
1979
02:12:58,580 --> 02:13:00,715
But he never stopped
speaking his mind.
1980
02:13:01,049 --> 02:13:02,551
A man of conviction.
1981
02:13:02,869 --> 02:13:06,143
And maybe he thought fame
could actually protect him.
1982
02:13:07,810 --> 02:13:10,705
When Osno took office,
he saw one more chance.
1983
02:13:12,264 --> 02:13:13,264
He took it.
1984
02:13:13,354 --> 02:13:16,861
America and Russia
may be likened...
1985
02:13:17,643 --> 02:13:19,900
to two scorpions in a bottle.
1986
02:13:20,000 --> 02:13:23,147
Each capable of
killing the other,
1987
02:13:23,369 --> 02:13:26,189
but only at the
risk of his own life.
1988
02:13:26,713 --> 02:13:28,800
Now, there are various
aspects of this policy.
1989
02:13:28,800 --> 02:13:33,300
A lot of scientists blame me, but
how was I supposed to protect him?
1990
02:13:33,451 --> 02:13:35,300
...are too secret
for discussion.
1991
02:13:35,300 --> 02:13:37,300
Candor is the only remedy.
1992
02:13:37,300 --> 02:13:40,800
Officials in Washington need to
start leveling with the American people.
1993
02:13:42,529 --> 02:13:44,800
That was the last straw
for Robert's enemies.
1994
02:13:44,800 --> 02:13:47,300
So he had to lose
his security clearance.
1995
02:13:47,300 --> 02:13:49,800
And with it, his credibility.
1996
02:13:49,924 --> 02:13:51,924
But how could they do it?
1997
02:13:52,208 --> 02:13:53,385
He was a war hero.
1998
02:13:53,409 --> 02:13:55,408
He'd already told
everyone about his past.
1999
02:13:55,408 --> 02:13:57,244
Borden dredged it all up.
2000
02:13:57,408 --> 02:14:00,708
How could Borden get access
to Oppenheimer's FBI file?
2001
02:14:00,708 --> 02:14:02,008
Could it have been Nichols?
2002
02:14:02,008 --> 02:14:04,008
No, it can't have been.
Actually, he didn't do that.
2003
02:14:04,478 --> 02:14:08,174
Whoever did unleashed a firestorm
that burned a path in the White House,
2004
02:14:08,304 --> 02:14:10,611
right to my desk at the AEC.
2005
02:14:11,304 --> 02:14:13,304
You've seen 'em in there, right?
2006
02:14:13,304 --> 02:14:16,166
It took my whole life to get here.
2007
02:14:16,541 --> 02:14:20,650
The cabinet of the United States of America,
now in front of the entire country,
2008
02:14:20,743 --> 02:14:22,767
and they want to put
me back in my place.
2009
02:14:24,131 --> 02:14:26,131
A lowly shoe salesman.
2010
02:14:26,564 --> 02:14:28,480
Lewis, we can win this thing.
2011
02:14:28,642 --> 02:14:30,553
I think we can get the
Senate to grasp
2012
02:14:30,577 --> 02:14:32,980
that you did your duty,
painful though it was.
2013
02:14:32,980 --> 02:14:35,980
- Now, will Hill's testimony back us up?
- Hill will be fine.
2014
02:14:35,980 --> 02:14:39,225
I don't really know him, but he was
one of Szilard's boys in Chicago.
2015
02:14:39,311 --> 02:14:41,010
And they'd never
forgive Robert for not
2016
02:14:41,034 --> 02:14:43,373
supporting the petition
against bombing Japan.
2017
02:14:44,448 --> 02:14:47,654
This was taken 31 days after the bombing.
2018
02:14:48,717 --> 02:14:52,980
Virtually everyone in the street, nearly a mile around,
2019
02:14:53,600 --> 02:14:55,396
was instantly and seriously...
2020
02:14:55,850 --> 02:14:56,912
burned.
2021
02:14:57,873 --> 02:15:01,232
The Japanese spoke of people who
2022
02:15:01,365 --> 02:15:05,396
wore striped clothing, upon whom
the skin was burned in stripes.
2023
02:15:06,373 --> 02:15:08,420
There were many who
thought themselves lucky,
2024
02:15:09,153 --> 02:15:11,127
who climbed out of
the ruins of their homes
2025
02:15:11,475 --> 02:15:13,153
only
slightly injured.
2026
02:15:14,467 --> 02:15:16,154
But they died anyway.
2027
02:15:16,850 --> 02:15:19,451
They died days, or weeks later,
2028
02:15:20,107 --> 02:15:22,608
from iridium-like rays
emitted in great numbers
2029
02:15:23,209 --> 02:15:25,592
at the moment of the explosion.
2030
02:15:26,725 --> 02:15:28,350
Did you read this
crap in the papers?
2031
02:15:28,396 --> 02:15:30,232
The British physicists say
2032
02:15:30,373 --> 02:15:33,295
the atomic bombings were
not the last act of World War II,
2033
02:15:33,350 --> 02:15:36,459
but the first act of this
Cold War with Russia.
2034
02:15:36,740 --> 02:15:37,771
Which physicist?
2035
02:15:37,865 --> 02:15:40,764
I think you knew him.
Patrick Blackett.
2036
02:15:43,529 --> 02:15:46,279
It may not be wrong.
Stimson is now telling me
2037
02:15:46,404 --> 02:15:49,211
we bombed an enemy that
was essentially defeated.
2038
02:15:49,436 --> 02:15:51,736
Robert, you're all the influence now.
2039
02:15:52,631 --> 02:15:53,702
Please,
2040
02:15:54,334 --> 02:15:56,764
urge them to continue
my research on the super.
2041
02:15:56,865 --> 02:15:58,736
I neither can nor will, Edward.
2042
02:15:58,736 --> 02:15:59,736
Why not?
2043
02:15:59,736 --> 02:16:01,736
It's not the right use of our resources.
2044
02:16:01,969 --> 02:16:04,209
Is that what you really believe?
2045
02:16:04,567 --> 02:16:08,727
J. Robert Oppenheimer?
Sphinx-like guru of the atom.
2046
02:16:09,852 --> 02:16:11,852
Nobody knows what you believe.
2047
02:16:12,495 --> 02:16:13,495
Do you?
2048
02:16:14,901 --> 02:16:18,901
One final time, our program
director, Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer.
2049
02:16:20,480 --> 02:16:25,480
I hope that in years to come, you will
look back on your work here with pride.
2050
02:16:26,080 --> 02:16:30,080
But today, that pride must be
tempered with a profound concern.
2051
02:16:32,120 --> 02:16:35,943
If atomic weapons are to be added
to the arsenals of a warring world,
2052
02:16:37,034 --> 02:16:41,034
then the day will come when people
will curse the name of Los Alamos,
2053
02:16:44,725 --> 02:16:46,705
Uh, sorry, Admiral.
2054
02:16:47,065 --> 02:16:48,634
Stopped off to get this.
2055
02:16:49,323 --> 02:16:51,057
Seems pretty favorable.
2056
02:16:51,729 --> 02:16:53,869
There's Oppenheimer. What's the caption?
2057
02:16:53,940 --> 02:16:56,877
Uh, "J. Robert Oppenheimer.
Strauss fought him,
2058
02:16:58,813 --> 02:17:00,375
and the US won."
2059
02:17:01,250 --> 02:17:02,250
That'll work?
2060
02:17:02,641 --> 02:17:04,634
Those were your words from the other day.
2061
02:17:04,634 --> 02:17:05,867
We needed to pivot.
2062
02:17:06,406 --> 02:17:09,047
But how would you know what
Time Magazine's gonna write?
2063
02:17:09,196 --> 02:17:11,196
Henry Luce is a friend.
2064
02:17:18,750 --> 02:17:21,172
You sat here and let
me tell you how it's done,
2065
02:17:21,456 --> 02:17:23,289
but you've been
far ahead all along.
2066
02:17:23,848 --> 02:17:25,969
Survival in Washington.
2067
02:17:26,631 --> 02:17:28,578
It's about knowing how to get things done.
2068
02:17:29,086 --> 02:17:30,110
Right.
2069
02:17:32,194 --> 02:17:33,844
What was it you said about Borden?
2070
02:17:34,218 --> 02:17:36,125
Why get caught holding
the knife yourself?
2071
02:17:38,474 --> 02:17:41,958
Are you kidding me, saying
Borden was holding the knife for you?
2072
02:17:44,232 --> 02:17:46,325
It's gonna come down to
how much influence Borden's
2073
02:17:46,388 --> 02:17:48,344
been able to exert on Teller.
2074
02:17:49,021 --> 02:17:50,505
Did I say something funny?
2075
02:17:50,708 --> 02:17:55,052
"Borden, Borden, Borden,"
when we all know that it's Strauss...
2076
02:17:55,255 --> 02:17:57,629
Lewis brought me
to Princeton, Kitty.
2077
02:17:57,801 --> 02:18:00,371
And then you're familiar
with him in front of Congress.
2078
02:18:00,451 --> 02:18:02,488
But more useful than a sandwich!
2079
02:18:05,621 --> 02:18:07,082
[How did I do?]
2080
02:18:08,121 --> 02:18:10,175
Maybe a little too well, Robert.
2081
02:18:10,320 --> 02:18:11,465
That was six years ago.
2082
02:18:11,527 --> 02:18:14,933
You know, they're truly
vindictive, patient as saints.
2083
02:18:15,136 --> 02:18:17,808
Strauss has been perfectly
clear that he is neutral.
2084
02:18:18,425 --> 02:18:21,191
Wake up! It is Strauss!
2085
02:18:21,445 --> 02:18:23,597
It's always been Strauss, and you know it!
2086
02:18:24,296 --> 02:18:26,050
Why won't you fight him?
2087
02:18:29,085 --> 02:18:32,691
It wasn't Nichols, or Hoover,
or one of Truman's guys.
2088
02:18:32,749 --> 02:18:33,749
It was you.
2089
02:18:34,242 --> 02:18:35,742
You gave the file to Borden.
2090
02:18:35,820 --> 02:18:37,320
You set him on Oppenheimer.
2091
02:18:37,382 --> 02:18:38,882
- You convinced him...
- Borden...!
2092
02:18:39,664 --> 02:18:41,664
Didn't take any convincing.
2093
02:18:42,024 --> 02:18:43,758
Take your time,
use the entire file.
2094
02:18:43,843 --> 02:18:46,086
Write up your conclusions,
send them to the FBI.
2095
02:18:46,212 --> 02:18:48,309
The material's
obviously extensive,
2096
02:18:48,348 --> 02:18:50,477
but there's nothing new here.
2097
02:18:50,602 --> 02:18:52,297
Your conclusions will end.
2098
02:18:52,742 --> 02:18:54,562
And they'll have to be answered.
2099
02:18:54,819 --> 02:18:56,592
Hoover passes them to McCarthy?
2100
02:18:56,812 --> 02:18:59,749
Oppenheimer's too slippery
for that self-promoting clown.
2101
02:18:59,913 --> 02:19:01,261
I've talked it over
with Hoover.
2102
02:19:01,324 --> 02:19:04,660
He'll hold McCarthy at bay
while you do this with the AEC.
2103
02:19:04,782 --> 02:19:06,871
- Trial?
- No, no trial.
2104
02:19:06,911 --> 02:19:09,621
You can't give
Oppenheimer a platform.
2105
02:19:09,749 --> 02:19:11,081
You can't martyr him.
2106
02:19:11,683 --> 02:19:14,995
We need a systematic destruction
of Oppenheimer's credibility,
2107
02:19:15,089 --> 02:19:18,526
so he can never again speak
on matters of national security.
2108
02:19:18,956 --> 02:19:20,714
Then what?
2109
02:19:21,702 --> 02:19:25,612
A shabby little room.
Far from the limelight.
2110
02:19:30,479 --> 02:19:34,908
A simple bureaucratic procedure
is Q clearance. It's up for renewal.
2111
02:19:35,050 --> 02:19:37,940
You send your accusations to the FBI.
2112
02:19:40,088 --> 02:19:43,370
Hoover sends them to the AEC.
You're forced to act.
2113
02:19:43,667 --> 02:19:45,292
You write up an indictment.
2114
02:19:45,604 --> 02:19:49,062
Tell Oppenheimer his security
clearance must not be renewed.
2115
02:19:49,347 --> 02:19:51,151
But offer him the
chance to appeal.
2116
02:19:51,205 --> 02:19:53,495
As you can see,
Robert, it's not yet signed.
2117
02:19:53,550 --> 02:19:55,362
- May I keep this?
- No.
2118
02:19:56,339 --> 02:19:59,644
If you do decide to appeal,
they'll have to send you a copy.
2119
02:19:59,644 --> 02:20:04,644
When he appeals, and trust
me, he will, I appoint a board.
2120
02:20:04,644 --> 02:20:07,644
They will, of course, have a counsel.
2121
02:20:07,644 --> 02:20:09,644
- Prosecutor?
- In all but name.
2122
02:20:09,644 --> 02:20:11,644
- Who?
- Roger Robb.
2123
02:20:11,644 --> 02:20:12,644
Ouch.
2124
02:20:12,644 --> 02:20:15,644
Robb will have security clearance
to examine Oppenheimer's file.
2125
02:20:15,644 --> 02:20:18,925
As will the great board.
Defense counsel will not.
2126
02:20:19,644 --> 02:20:21,144
A closed hearing.
2127
02:20:21,144 --> 02:20:24,972
So-called derogatory
information in your indictment.
2128
02:20:25,223 --> 02:20:29,223
No audience, no reporters,
no burden of proof.
2129
02:20:29,248 --> 02:20:31,248
No burden of proof?
2130
02:20:32,248 --> 02:20:34,248
We're not convicted.
2131
02:20:35,248 --> 02:20:37,248
Just denying.
2132
02:20:41,178 --> 02:20:44,178
What is it you said?
2133
02:20:44,178 --> 02:20:48,178
This is just how the game is played.
2134
02:20:48,178 --> 02:20:50,178
Well, forgive my naivete.
2135
02:20:50,178 --> 02:20:55,178
Amateurs seek the sun, get eaten.
2136
02:20:55,178 --> 02:20:59,018
Power stays in the shadows.
2137
02:20:59,136 --> 02:21:01,932
But, sir, you're... you're
out of the shadows now.
2138
02:21:02,003 --> 02:21:03,854
Yeah, that's why
this has to work.
2139
02:21:03,925 --> 02:21:04,831
Well...
2140
02:21:06,731 --> 02:21:08,731
Teller's testifying this morning.
2141
02:21:08,756 --> 02:21:10,756
That'll help. And then...
2142
02:21:11,317 --> 02:21:12,617
Hill's in the afternoon.
2143
02:21:12,642 --> 02:21:14,642
Hill is gonna help us too.
2144
02:21:17,064 --> 02:21:19,940
As you can see,
Robert, it's not yet signed.
2145
02:21:20,264 --> 02:21:22,264
- May I keep this?
- No.
2146
02:21:24,264 --> 02:21:29,339
If you do decide to appeal, then
they'll have to send you a copy.
2147
02:21:32,564 --> 02:21:35,417
Take my car
and driver, I insist.
2148
02:21:39,334 --> 02:21:41,334
I'll have to consult
my lawyers, Lewis.
2149
02:21:41,359 --> 02:21:44,159
Of course.
But don't take too long.
2150
02:21:44,213 --> 02:21:46,213
I can't keep Nichols at bay.
2151
02:21:52,027 --> 02:21:54,190
I'm sorry it's come to this, Robert.
2152
02:21:54,552 --> 02:21:56,552
I think it's wrong.
2153
02:22:08,678 --> 02:22:12,037
Nichols wants me to fight, so
he can get it all on the record.
2154
02:22:12,217 --> 02:22:13,814
Strauss wants me to walk away.
2155
02:22:14,037 --> 02:22:18,491
Strauss knows that you can't do that.
You'd be accepting the charges.
2156
02:22:19,153 --> 02:22:20,653
You'll lose your job.
2157
02:22:20,678 --> 02:22:23,522
You will lose your reputation.
We'll lose our house.
2158
02:22:23,805 --> 02:22:25,805
Robert, we have to fight.
2159
02:22:28,436 --> 02:22:30,858
As AEC counsel, I can't represent you.
2160
02:22:30,928 --> 02:22:32,314
I'll call Lloyd Garrison.
2161
02:22:32,314 --> 02:22:33,814
Oh, he's good.
2162
02:22:33,814 --> 02:22:37,314
The best, but I have to warn you.
2163
02:22:38,545 --> 02:22:40,350
This won't be a fair fight.
2164
02:22:40,432 --> 02:22:44,772
During your interview with Boris
Pash in 1943, did you refer to microfilm?
2165
02:22:44,804 --> 02:22:45,561
No.
2166
02:22:45,616 --> 02:22:48,123
Tab 11, page 1, paragraph 3.
2167
02:22:48,217 --> 02:22:51,522
You never said, "Man of the
consulate, expert in the use of microfilm."
2168
02:22:51,584 --> 02:22:53,432
I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I would
like to know what document
2169
02:22:53,432 --> 02:22:56,575
Mr. Robb is quoting from, and if
he might be furnished with a copy.
2170
02:22:56,676 --> 02:22:58,543
The document is classified, Mr. Garrison.
2171
02:22:58,598 --> 02:23:00,432
I think we should get back
to firsthand information.
2172
02:23:00,432 --> 02:23:01,932
This is firsthand.
2173
02:23:02,189 --> 02:23:03,689
How so, Roger?
2174
02:23:05,197 --> 02:23:07,197
There was a recording of the interview.
2175
02:23:11,632 --> 02:23:13,979
You let my client sit here
and potentially perjure himself,
2176
02:23:14,004 --> 02:23:16,645
and all this time, you had a recording?
2177
02:23:16,731 --> 02:23:19,411
Nobody told your client to
misrepresent his former answer.
2178
02:23:19,536 --> 02:23:21,406
Misrepresent? It was 12 years ago.
2179
02:23:21,531 --> 02:23:23,031
Can we hear this recording?
2180
02:23:23,090 --> 02:23:24,593
You don't have the
clearance, Mr. Garrison.
2181
02:23:24,640 --> 02:23:26,359
You're reading it into the record.
2182
02:23:26,429 --> 02:23:31,062
Please, please. Is this proceeding
interested in entrapment or in truth?
2183
02:23:31,226 --> 02:23:33,952
If it's truth, where's the disclosure?
2184
02:23:34,132 --> 02:23:35,132
Where's the witness list?
2185
02:23:35,171 --> 02:23:37,952
Mr. Garrison, this isn't a
trial, as you are well aware.
2186
02:23:38,015 --> 02:23:41,741
Evidentiary rules do not apply.
We are dealing with national security.
2187
02:23:41,865 --> 02:23:45,592
Yes, sir, with all due respect,
I fail to see how national security
2188
02:23:45,656 --> 02:23:49,101
prevents the prosecution from
providing us with a list of witnesses!
2189
02:23:49,171 --> 02:23:50,515
We are in need need a brief recess.
2190
02:23:50,569 --> 02:23:51,765
You have my words.
2191
02:23:51,898 --> 02:23:54,648
If you say they're a
transcript, then I'll accept it.
2192
02:23:54,718 --> 02:23:57,452
I've already explained I
made up a cock-and-bull story.
2193
02:23:57,483 --> 02:24:00,452
And why would anyone make
up such an elaborate story?
2194
02:24:00,523 --> 02:24:02,312
Because I was an idiot.
2195
02:24:02,312 --> 02:24:04,101
Why lie?
2196
02:24:04,156 --> 02:24:08,312
Clearly with the intention of not
revealing who the intermediary was.
2197
02:24:08,350 --> 02:24:10,654
Your friend, Haakon Chevalier,
the communist.
2198
02:24:10,718 --> 02:24:12,312
He still your friend?
2199
02:24:12,312 --> 02:24:14,163
Yes.
2200
02:24:17,257 --> 02:24:19,179
Dr. Robbie, thank you for coming.
2201
02:24:19,241 --> 02:24:21,320
Do you who else the
prosecution has called?
2202
02:24:21,390 --> 02:24:25,554
Teller, obviously.
They've asked Lawrence.
2203
02:24:25,748 --> 02:24:29,182
- What did he say?
- He wasn't going to help them, but...
2204
02:24:29,288 --> 02:24:30,483
But?
2205
02:24:30,569 --> 02:24:34,910
Strauss told him that you and Ruth Tolman
have been having an affair for years.
2206
02:24:34,980 --> 02:24:37,371
The whole time you were
with them in Pasadena,
2207
02:24:37,739 --> 02:24:40,910
he convinced Lawrence that
Richard died of a broken heart.
2208
02:24:40,910 --> 02:24:42,910
- That's absurd.
- What's the heart? [?]
2209
02:24:42,910 --> 02:24:46,208
A broken heart.
We should never find out.
2210
02:24:46,887 --> 02:24:48,653
Is Lawrence gonna testify?
2211
02:24:48,731 --> 02:24:50,356
I don't know.
2212
02:24:50,684 --> 02:24:54,872
Dr. Robbie, what governmental
positions do you currently hold?
2213
02:24:55,223 --> 02:24:58,188
I am the chairman of the
general advisory committee
2214
02:24:58,212 --> 02:25:00,708
to the AEC, succeeding
Dr. Oppenheimer.
2215
02:25:01,059 --> 02:25:03,528
And how long have you
known Dr. Oppenheimer?
2216
02:25:03,950 --> 02:25:07,988
Since 1928. I know him quite well.
2217
02:25:08,090 --> 02:25:11,528
Well enough to speak to the
bearing of his loyalty and character?
2218
02:25:12,324 --> 02:25:15,997
Dr. Oppenheimer is a man
of upstanding character.
2219
02:25:16,339 --> 02:25:19,801
And he is loyal to the
United States, to his friends,
2220
02:25:20,144 --> 02:25:23,144
to the institutions
at which he is part.
2221
02:25:24,144 --> 02:25:25,411
Eat.
2222
02:25:44,291 --> 02:25:45,291
What was that?
2223
02:25:45,628 --> 02:25:47,628
Nothing to worry about.
2224
02:25:50,090 --> 02:25:51,680
After the Russian A-bomb test,
2225
02:25:51,704 --> 02:25:54,269
did Dr. Lawrence come to see
you about the hydrogen bomb?
2226
02:25:54,307 --> 02:25:56,058
You'd be better off asking him.
2227
02:25:56,152 --> 02:25:57,886
Well, I fully intend to.
2228
02:25:58,345 --> 02:26:02,152
Would you say that Dr. Oppenheimer
was unalterably opposed to the H-bomb?
2229
02:26:02,268 --> 02:26:05,234
No, he thought that a
fusion program
2230
02:26:05,259 --> 02:26:08,145
would come at the expense of
our awfully good fission program.
2231
02:26:08,215 --> 02:26:10,058
But that proved not to be the case.
2232
02:26:10,283 --> 02:26:12,283
In the event, [?] both could be done.
2233
02:26:12,370 --> 02:26:14,810
Suppose if this board did not feel
satisfied
2234
02:26:14,834 --> 02:26:18,458
that any testimony here of
Dr. Oppenheimer had been wholly truthful,
2235
02:26:18,888 --> 02:26:21,013
what would you say whether
or not he should be cleared?
2236
02:26:21,221 --> 02:26:23,103
Why go through all
this against a man
2237
02:26:23,127 --> 02:26:25,318
who has accomplished
what Dr. Oppenheimer has?
2238
02:26:25,370 --> 02:26:26,935
Look at his record.
2239
02:26:27,040 --> 02:26:29,540
We have an A-bomb and a whole series of it.
2240
02:26:29,540 --> 02:26:32,091
We have a whole series of super bombs.
What more do you want?
2241
02:26:33,040 --> 02:26:34,040
Mermaids?
2242
02:26:34,622 --> 02:26:37,669
But I've known Secretary
Strauss for many years.
2243
02:26:37,813 --> 02:26:41,313
And I feel it a necessity to
express the warm support,
2244
02:26:41,505 --> 02:26:44,020
for science and scientists,
Lewis has shown.
2245
02:26:44,051 --> 02:26:46,693
We'll break now. Unless
there's any... any objections?
2246
02:26:46,732 --> 02:26:49,630
Senator, I'd like to once again request
2247
02:26:49,747 --> 02:26:52,520
that we're furnished
with a list of witnesses.
2248
02:26:52,607 --> 02:26:57,020
And I will remind the nominee that we don't
always have that information in advance.
2249
02:26:57,138 --> 02:26:59,747
We do know that Dr. Hill
will be here after lunch.
2250
02:27:00,177 --> 02:27:02,950
Mr. Chairman, our next
scheduled witness, Dr. Lawrence,
2251
02:27:03,075 --> 02:27:06,075
has apparently come
down with colitis.
2252
02:27:08,896 --> 02:27:11,443
So we'll proceed with
William Borden instead.
2253
02:27:12,083 --> 02:27:14,716
Mr. Borden, please take a seat.
2254
02:27:16,256 --> 02:27:17,552
Mr. Borden,
2255
02:27:18,552 --> 02:27:22,747
during your investigation into Dr. Oppenheimer,
did you reach certain conclusions?
2256
02:27:23,290 --> 02:27:24,082
I did.
2257
02:27:24,107 --> 02:27:27,220
And did there come a time when
you expressed those conclusions in a letter
2258
02:27:27,244 --> 02:27:30,255
to Mr. J. Edgar Hoover, the
Federal Bureau of Investigation?
2259
02:27:30,614 --> 02:27:31,347
That is correct.
2260
02:27:31,372 --> 02:27:33,423
Prior to the writing of the letter,
did you discuss the writing
2261
02:27:33,447 --> 02:27:36,177
of the letter with anybody attached
to the Atomic Energy Commission?
2262
02:27:36,708 --> 02:27:37,466
I did not.
2263
02:27:37,513 --> 02:27:39,872
- Excellent. Do you have a copy of the letter?
- One in front of me.
2264
02:27:39,897 --> 02:27:42,443
Would you please be so
kind as to read it yourself?
2265
02:27:43,264 --> 02:27:45,973
"Dear Mr. Hoover, the
purpose of this letter is to state..."
2266
02:27:46,013 --> 02:27:48,513
- I'm sorry, I'm
sorry, if I could have...
2267
02:27:48,598 --> 02:27:51,794
What is the purpose of the delay?
He's simply going to read the letter.
2268
02:27:52,567 --> 02:27:55,005
Mr. Chairman, this is the
first I've seen of this letter.
2269
02:27:55,313 --> 02:27:58,228
And I see statements
here, at least one,
2270
02:27:58,252 --> 02:28:00,825
of a kind that I don't think anyone
would like to see go into the record.
2271
02:28:00,895 --> 02:28:03,314
These are accusations that
have not previously been made,
2272
02:28:03,353 --> 02:28:05,204
that are not part of the
indictment from Nichols.
2273
02:28:05,251 --> 02:28:07,743
Accusations of a kind that
I don't think belong here.
2274
02:28:07,782 --> 02:28:09,794
The witness wrote this
letter on his own initiative,
2275
02:28:09,884 --> 02:28:12,251
laying out evidence that has
already been before the board.
2276
02:28:12,314 --> 02:28:14,732
His conclusions are valid
testimony, just like
2277
02:28:14,810 --> 02:28:18,427
the positive conclusions of friends of
Dr. Oppenheimer. It cuts both ways.
2278
02:28:18,833 --> 02:28:21,192
How long has counsel been
in possession of this letter?
2279
02:28:21,239 --> 02:28:24,653
I don't think I should be subject to
cross-examination by you, Mr. Garrison.
2280
02:28:24,724 --> 02:28:27,001
Mr. Garrison, given that we
on the board have all read
2281
02:28:27,072 --> 02:28:29,720
the letter, wouldn't it be
better to have it in the record?
2282
02:28:30,941 --> 02:28:32,361
Let's proceed.
2283
02:28:33,962 --> 02:28:35,544
"Dear Mr. Hoover,
2284
02:28:36,019 --> 02:28:38,644
the purpose of this letter
is to state my opinion,
2285
02:28:38,769 --> 02:28:42,222
based upon years of study of
the available classified evidence,
2286
02:28:42,965 --> 02:28:44,965
that, more probably than not,
2287
02:28:45,066 --> 02:28:49,448
J. Robert Oppenheimer is
an agent of the Soviet Union.
2288
02:28:49,948 --> 02:28:52,034
The following
conclusions are justified.
2289
02:28:52,417 --> 02:28:56,761
One, between 1929
and 1942, more probably than not,
2290
02:28:56,940 --> 02:29:00,346
J. Robert Oppenheimer was a
sufficiently hardened Communist
2291
02:29:00,557 --> 02:29:02,824
that he volunteered
information to the Soviets.
2292
02:29:03,214 --> 02:29:08,824
Two, more probably than not, he has since
been functioning as an espionage agent.
2293
02:29:09,378 --> 02:29:10,824
Three.
2294
02:29:10,944 --> 02:29:14,812
More probably than not, he has
since acted under a Soviet directive
2295
02:29:14,866 --> 02:29:17,719
in influencing United
States military policy."
2296
02:29:17,787 --> 02:29:19,592
I'm sorry, Robert.
2297
02:29:19,998 --> 02:29:24,631
Is anyone ever going to tell the
truth about what's happening here?
2298
02:29:24,998 --> 02:29:28,475
We will now hear from Dr. David Hill.
2299
02:29:37,967 --> 02:29:41,264
Dr. Hill, would you care
to make a statement?
2300
02:29:42,971 --> 02:29:44,065
Thank you.
2301
02:29:44,322 --> 02:29:47,936
I've been asked to testify
about Louis Strauss,
2302
02:29:48,248 --> 02:29:53,170
a man who has given years of
service in high positions of government,
2303
02:29:53,280 --> 02:29:57,623
and who is known to be earnest,
hard-working, and intelligent.
2304
02:29:59,179 --> 02:30:01,398
The views I have to express are my own,
2305
02:30:01,562 --> 02:30:05,350
but I believe that much I have
to say will help to indicate why
2306
02:30:06,162 --> 02:30:10,154
most of the scientists in this country
would prefer to see Mr. Strauss
2307
02:30:11,061 --> 02:30:13,294
completely out of government.
2308
02:30:14,897 --> 02:30:18,798
You're-you're referring to the
hostility of certain scientists,
2309
02:30:18,963 --> 02:30:21,447
directed toward
Mr. Strauss, because of his
2310
02:30:21,533 --> 02:30:25,384
commitment to security, as
demonstrated in the Oppenheimer affair?
2311
02:30:28,181 --> 02:30:29,197
No.
2312
02:30:29,273 --> 02:30:34,493
Because of the personal vindictiveness
he demonstrated against Dr. Oppenheimer.
2313
02:30:36,115 --> 02:30:39,258
Order! Order!
2314
02:30:39,305 --> 02:30:43,376
It appears to most
scientists around this country,
2315
02:30:44,157 --> 02:30:47,102
that Robert Oppenheimer
is now being pilloried,
2316
02:30:47,203 --> 02:30:51,164
and put through an ordeal, because
he expressed his honest opinions.
2317
02:30:51,750 --> 02:30:54,891
Dr. Bush, I thought I was
performing a service to my country
2318
02:30:54,961 --> 02:30:58,696
when hearing this case.
- No board, in this country,
2319
02:30:58,930 --> 02:31:02,633
should sit in judgment of a man
because he expressed his strong opinions.
2320
02:31:02,963 --> 02:31:05,328
If you want to try that
case, you should try me.
2321
02:31:06,275 --> 02:31:08,899
Excuse me, gentlemen,
if I've... become stirred.
2322
02:31:09,958 --> 02:31:10,914
But I am.
2323
02:31:11,344 --> 02:31:15,344
Dr. Hill, we've already heard that
Mr. Strauss did not bring the charges,
2324
02:31:15,369 --> 02:31:18,494
or participate in the hearings
against Dr. Oppenheimer.
2325
02:31:18,555 --> 02:31:20,258
The Oppenheimer matter was...
2326
02:31:20,922 --> 02:31:25,719
initiated, and carried through, largely
through the animus of Louis Strauss.
2327
02:31:27,071 --> 02:31:29,942
Oppenheimer made mincemeat
out of Strauss' position
2328
02:31:29,989 --> 02:31:32,086
on the shipments
of isotopes to Norway,
2329
02:31:32,149 --> 02:31:35,539
and Strauss never forgave
him this public humiliation.
2330
02:31:36,031 --> 02:31:39,476
Another controversy between them centered
around their differences in judgment
2331
02:31:39,656 --> 02:31:42,640
on how the H-bomb would
contribute to national security.
2332
02:31:42,929 --> 02:31:46,116
Strauss turned to the personnel
security system in order to
2333
02:31:46,225 --> 02:31:51,686
destroy Oppenheimer's effectiveness, and
Strauss was able to find a few ambitious men
2334
02:31:51,848 --> 02:31:55,709
who also disagreed with
Oppenheimer's positions and envied him,
2335
02:31:55,792 --> 02:31:57,842
his prestige in government circles.
2336
02:31:58,037 --> 02:32:02,162
I've always assumed, and still assume,
that he is loyal to the United States.
2337
02:32:02,458 --> 02:32:06,723
I believe this, and I shall believe it, until
I see very conclusive proof to the opposite.
2338
02:32:07,221 --> 02:32:11,154
Do you, or do you not believe that
Dr. Oppenheimer is a security risk?
2339
02:32:14,652 --> 02:32:18,029
In a great number of cases, I
have seen Dr. Oppenheimer act in a way
2340
02:32:18,089 --> 02:32:21,385
which was, to me,
exceedingly hard to understand.
2341
02:32:21,471 --> 02:32:23,791
I thoroughly disagreed with
him on numerous issues,
2342
02:32:23,853 --> 02:32:27,385
and his actions frankly appeared
to me confused and complicated.
2343
02:32:27,495 --> 02:32:32,049
To this extent, I feel I want to
see the vital interests of this country
2344
02:32:32,268 --> 02:32:36,027
in hands which I understand
better, and therefore trust more.
2345
02:32:37,071 --> 02:32:38,510
- Thank you, Doctor.
- Thank you.
2346
02:32:42,763 --> 02:32:43,877
Sorry.
2347
02:32:46,322 --> 02:32:48,471
You shook his fucking hand!?
2348
02:32:49,338 --> 02:32:51,362
Oh, I would have spit in his face.
2349
02:32:51,432 --> 02:32:53,526
I'm not sure the Board
would have appreciated that.
2350
02:32:53,594 --> 02:32:56,104
Isn't that gentlemanly
enough for you? Well, I think
2351
02:32:56,165 --> 02:32:58,002
you're all being too goddamn gentlemanly.
2352
02:32:58,127 --> 02:33:01,869
Gray must see what Robb is doing.
Why doesn't he just shut him down?
2353
02:33:02,205 --> 02:33:04,330
And you shaking Teller's hand.
2354
02:33:04,526 --> 02:33:07,783
You need to stop playing the martyr.
2355
02:33:08,580 --> 02:33:13,119
Under the current AEC guidelines,
would you clear Dr. Oppenheimer today?
2356
02:33:19,173 --> 02:33:23,658
Under my interpretation
of the Atomic Energy Act,
2357
02:33:23,806 --> 02:33:28,548
which did not exist when I
hired Dr. Oppenheimer in 1942,
2358
02:33:29,665 --> 02:33:34,775
I would not clear him today
if I were on the commission.
2359
02:33:35,298 --> 02:33:36,658
Good. Thank you, General. That is all.
2360
02:33:36,728 --> 02:33:38,728
But I don't think I'd
clear any of those guys.
2361
02:33:39,345 --> 02:33:40,587
That's all.
2362
02:33:43,385 --> 02:33:46,189
Dr. Oppenheimer had no
responsibility in the selection,
2363
02:33:46,236 --> 02:33:48,126
or the clearance of
Klaus Fuchs, did he?
2364
02:33:48,204 --> 02:33:49,408
No. None at all.
2365
02:33:49,533 --> 02:33:52,970
And you wouldn't want to leave this
board with any suggestion today that
2366
02:33:53,040 --> 02:33:57,330
you're here questioning his basic loyalty to the
United States, and the operation of Los Alamos?
2367
02:33:57,730 --> 02:34:01,915
By no means. I hope I didn't lead
anyone to believe otherwise for an instant.
2368
02:34:02,989 --> 02:34:03,989
Thank you, General.
2369
02:34:21,011 --> 02:34:21,925
Okay.
2370
02:34:22,269 --> 02:34:24,847
- We shouldn't keep them waiting.
- She'll be here.
2371
02:34:25,136 --> 02:34:27,011
Do you even want her here?
2372
02:34:27,081 --> 02:34:29,042
Well, a fool or an adolescent
2373
02:34:29,097 --> 02:34:32,902
presumes to know someone else's
relationship, and you're neither, Lloyd.
2374
02:34:35,402 --> 02:34:38,786
Kitty and I are grown-ups.
2375
02:34:39,457 --> 02:34:41,801
We've walked through fire together.
2376
02:34:42,028 --> 02:34:43,902
She'll do fine.
2377
02:34:44,488 --> 02:34:48,106
Would you describe your views on
Communism as pro, anti, neutral?
2378
02:34:48,308 --> 02:34:53,626
Very strongly against. I have nothing
to do with Communism since 1936.
2379
02:34:53,720 --> 02:34:57,330
Since... Since before I met Robert.
2380
02:34:58,962 --> 02:35:00,567
That's all.
2381
02:35:01,051 --> 02:35:04,356
The record demonstrates that
Oppenheimer was not interrogated by
2382
02:35:04,434 --> 02:35:06,988
impartial and disinterested
counsel for the Gray Board.
2383
02:35:07,145 --> 02:35:09,417
He was interrogated by
a prosecutor who used
2384
02:35:09,442 --> 02:35:11,957
all the tricks of a rather
ingenious legal background.
2385
02:35:12,074 --> 02:35:16,356
You are charging now that the
Gray Board permitted a prosecution.
2386
02:35:16,903 --> 02:35:20,035
If I were on the Gray
Board, I would have protested
2387
02:35:20,113 --> 02:35:23,840
against the tactics of the man who
served in fact as the prosecuting counsel.
2388
02:35:23,928 --> 02:35:25,928
A man appointed, not by the Board,
2389
02:35:27,086 --> 02:35:28,645
but by Louis Strauss.
2390
02:35:31,025 --> 02:35:32,230
Who was this?
2391
02:35:33,704 --> 02:35:34,704
Sorry?
2392
02:35:35,331 --> 02:35:36,331
Who was this?
2393
02:35:36,909 --> 02:35:38,043
Roger Robb.
2394
02:35:38,784 --> 02:35:40,067
Mrs. Oppenheimer.
2395
02:35:44,354 --> 02:35:46,635
Did you have a Communist
Party membership card?
2396
02:35:48,151 --> 02:35:48,963
I'm...
2397
02:35:49,112 --> 02:35:50,416
I'm not sure.
2398
02:35:50,487 --> 02:35:51,659
Not sure?
2399
02:35:54,385 --> 02:35:55,440
Well...
2400
02:35:58,880 --> 02:36:00,041
Well?
2401
02:36:08,690 --> 02:36:11,410
I mean, presumably,
the act of joining the party
2402
02:36:11,807 --> 02:36:15,002
required sending some
money and receiving a card, no?
2403
02:36:24,705 --> 02:36:26,034
I'm sorry.
2404
02:36:26,698 --> 02:36:28,213
Yes.
2405
02:36:30,307 --> 02:36:33,689
It's just it was all so very
long ago, Mr. Robb, wasn't it?
2406
02:36:33,791 --> 02:36:35,338
- Not really.
- Long enough to have forgotten.
2407
02:36:35,377 --> 02:36:38,580
- You return the card or rip it open?
- The card whose existence I've forgotten.
2408
02:36:38,650 --> 02:36:41,588
- Your Communist Party membership card?
- Haven't the slightest idea.
2409
02:36:44,596 --> 02:36:48,549
Can a distinction be made between
Soviet Communism and Communism?
2410
02:36:48,869 --> 02:36:52,264
Well, in the days when I was a member,
I thought they were definitely two things.
2411
02:36:52,307 --> 02:36:54,939
I thought that the Communist
Party of the United States
2412
02:36:54,994 --> 02:36:58,697
was concerned with our domestic
problems. I now no longer believe this.
2413
02:36:58,764 --> 02:37:01,264
I believe the whole thing's linked
together and spread all over the world,
2414
02:37:01,264 --> 02:37:05,053
and I have believed this since
I left the party 16 years ago.
2415
02:37:05,264 --> 02:37:07,795
- But...
- 17 years ago. My mistake.
2416
02:37:08,060 --> 02:37:10,060
- But you...
- Sorry, 18.
2417
02:37:10,809 --> 02:37:12,161
18 years ago.
2418
02:37:13,576 --> 02:37:16,170
Are you familiar with the fact your
husband was making contributions
2419
02:37:16,240 --> 02:37:18,920
to the Spanish Civil
War as late as 1942?
2420
02:37:18,974 --> 02:37:20,959
I knew that Robert gave
money from time to time.
2421
02:37:21,014 --> 02:37:23,607
Did you know this money was
going into Communist Party channels?
2422
02:37:23,724 --> 02:37:25,654
- Don't you mean through?
- Pardon?
2423
02:37:25,679 --> 02:37:28,412
Think you mean through
Communist Party channels, don't you?
2424
02:37:28,662 --> 02:37:29,646
- Yes.
- Yes?
2425
02:37:29,822 --> 02:37:31,685
Yes.
Yes.
2426
02:37:31,830 --> 02:37:35,056
Then would it be fair to say
that this meant that by 1942,
2427
02:37:35,087 --> 02:37:38,126
your husband had not stopped having
anything to do with the Communist Party?
2428
02:37:39,189 --> 02:37:41,928
You don't have to answer that yes or
no, you can answer that any way you wish.
2429
02:37:41,928 --> 02:37:46,986
I know that, thank you. It's your
question. It's not properly phrased.
2430
02:37:47,087 --> 02:37:48,853
- Do you understand what I'm getting at?
- I do.
2431
02:37:48,878 --> 02:37:51,376
- Then why don't you answer it that way?
- Because I don't like your phrase,
2432
02:37:51,697 --> 02:37:53,493
"having anything to do
with the Communist Party,"
2433
02:37:53,525 --> 02:37:56,814
because Robert never had anything
to do with the Communist Party as such.
2434
02:37:56,868 --> 02:37:59,126
I know he gave money
to Spanish refugees.
2435
02:37:59,282 --> 02:38:02,384
I know he took an intellectual
interest in Communist ideas.
2436
02:38:02,409 --> 02:38:04,079
The two types of Communists?
2437
02:38:04,243 --> 02:38:06,978
Intellectual Communists, and
your plain old regular commie.
2438
02:38:07,650 --> 02:38:09,853
Well, I couldn't answer that one.
2439
02:38:10,976 --> 02:38:11,976
I couldn't either.
2440
02:38:20,415 --> 02:38:21,962
Robert, you can't win this thing.
2441
02:38:22,056 --> 02:38:24,400
It's a kangaroo court with
a predetermined outcome.
2442
02:38:24,425 --> 02:38:26,226
Why put yourself
through more of it?
2443
02:38:26,771 --> 02:38:28,267
I have my reasons.
2444
02:38:31,120 --> 02:38:31,964
Goodnight.
2445
02:38:36,938 --> 02:38:38,358
He has a point.
2446
02:38:39,376 --> 02:38:42,111
- I'm not sure you understand, Albert.
- No?
2447
02:38:42,905 --> 02:38:45,405
I left my country, never turned around.
2448
02:38:46,432 --> 02:38:48,303
You served your country well.
2449
02:38:48,829 --> 02:38:51,358
If this is the reward
she offers you, then...
2450
02:38:52,439 --> 02:38:54,756
...perhaps you should
turn your back on her.
2451
02:38:55,658 --> 02:38:57,881
Damn it, I happen
to love this country.
2452
02:38:58,556 --> 02:39:00,498
Then tell them to go to hell.
2453
02:39:01,071 --> 02:39:04,717
Interestingly enough, there's
no longer a confirmation hearing.
2454
02:39:04,916 --> 02:39:06,416
It's now a trial.
2455
02:39:06,912 --> 02:39:08,686
About [?] a trial!
2456
02:39:09,220 --> 02:39:12,280
It's not good he's telling
everyone you initiated the hearings.
2457
02:39:12,416 --> 02:39:14,459
He can't prove a goddamn thing.
2458
02:39:14,512 --> 02:39:17,891
He certainly can't prove
that I gave the file to Borden.
2459
02:39:17,990 --> 02:39:20,600
We're not in court, sir.
There's no burden of proof.
2460
02:39:20,703 --> 02:39:22,733
Right, they're not convicting.
2461
02:39:23,916 --> 02:39:25,416
Just denying.
2462
02:39:25,728 --> 02:39:28,584
Why would Hill come here to
tear me down? What's his angle?
2463
02:39:28,686 --> 02:39:30,826
Do people need a reason
to do the right thing?
2464
02:39:31,128 --> 02:39:32,240
As he sees it.
2465
02:39:32,436 --> 02:39:33,249
I told you.
2466
02:39:33,334 --> 02:39:37,273
Oppenheimer poisoned the scientists
against me right from that first meeting.
2467
02:39:37,489 --> 02:39:40,350
I don't know what Oppenheimer
said to him that day,
2468
02:39:40,405 --> 02:39:43,123
but Einstein wouldn't
even meet my eye.
2469
02:39:44,857 --> 02:39:46,905
Oppenheimer knows
how to manipulate his own.
2470
02:39:47,303 --> 02:39:48,553
Like Los Alamos.
2471
02:39:48,873 --> 02:39:51,194
He preyed on the naivete of scientists
2472
02:39:51,319 --> 02:39:53,397
who thought they get a say
on how we use their work.
2473
02:39:53,522 --> 02:39:56,014
They'll never think he
was that naive himself.
2474
02:39:56,451 --> 02:39:59,725
Doctor, during your work
on the hydrogen bomb,
2475
02:39:59,850 --> 02:40:02,528
were you... deterred
by any moral qualms?
2476
02:40:03,434 --> 02:40:04,655
Yes, of course.
2477
02:40:04,818 --> 02:40:06,658
But you still got on with
your work, didn't you?
2478
02:40:06,725 --> 02:40:10,967
Yes, because this was work of exploration,
it was not the preparation of a weapon.
2479
02:40:11,081 --> 02:40:13,081
You mean it was more
of an academic excursion?
2480
02:40:13,128 --> 02:40:16,328
No, it's not an academic thing,
whether you can build a hydrogen bomb.
2481
02:40:16,328 --> 02:40:17,608
It's a matter of life and death.
2482
02:40:17,608 --> 02:40:19,928
By 1942, you were actively
pushing the development
2483
02:40:19,928 --> 02:40:20,858
of the hydrogen
bomb, weren't you?
2484
02:40:20,905 --> 02:40:22,530
Pushing is not the
right word. It was...
2485
02:40:22,592 --> 02:40:24,209
Supporting it and
working on it, yes.
2486
02:40:24,272 --> 02:40:26,514
So when did these moral
qualms become so strong,
2487
02:40:26,592 --> 02:40:29,709
that you actively opposed the
development of the hydrogen bomb?
2488
02:40:29,787 --> 02:40:31,678
When it was suggested
that it be the policy
2489
02:40:31,772 --> 02:40:34,076
of the United States to
make these things at all costs,
2490
02:40:34,160 --> 02:40:36,435
without regard to the balance
between these weapons,
2491
02:40:36,521 --> 02:40:38,787
and atomic weapons, as part of our arsenal.
2492
02:40:40,326 --> 02:40:42,670
What do moral qualms
have to do with that?
2493
02:40:43,600 --> 02:40:45,772
- What do moral qualms have to do with it?
- Yes.
2494
02:40:45,889 --> 02:40:48,280
Oppenheimer wanted
to own the atomic bomb.
2495
02:40:48,319 --> 02:40:50,030
He wanted to be "The
Man Who Moved the Earth.
2496
02:40:50,116 --> 02:40:54,350
He talks about putting the
nuclear genie back in the bottle.
2497
02:40:54,506 --> 02:40:56,608
Well, I'm here to tell you that I know.
2498
02:40:56,925 --> 02:41:01,355
J. Robert Oppenheimer, if he could
do it all over, he'd do it all the same.
2499
02:41:01,464 --> 02:41:04,933
You know he's never once
said that he regrets Hiroshima?
2500
02:41:05,034 --> 02:41:07,425
He'd do it all over. Why?
2501
02:41:07,745 --> 02:41:11,956
Because it made him the most
important man who ever lived.
2502
02:41:12,721 --> 02:41:15,573
We freely used the atomic bomb.
2503
02:41:15,652 --> 02:41:17,746
In fact, Doctor, you resisted
in selecting the target
2504
02:41:17,831 --> 02:41:19,816
to drop the atomic bomb on
Japan, didn't you?
2505
02:41:19,925 --> 02:41:20,659
Yes...
2506
02:41:20,870 --> 02:41:23,566
Well then you knew, did you not, that by
dropping that atomic bomb on the target,
2507
02:41:23,605 --> 02:41:27,011
you selected that thousands of civilians
would be killed or injured. Is that correct?
2508
02:41:27,230 --> 02:41:29,644
Yes, but not as
many as turned out.
2509
02:41:29,675 --> 02:41:31,720
Oh. Then how many
were killed or injured?
2510
02:41:32,222 --> 02:41:34,675
- 70,000.
- 70,000, both Hiroshima and...
2511
02:41:34,720 --> 02:41:37,720
- 110,000 to both.
- On the day of each bombing?
2512
02:41:39,253 --> 02:41:40,284
Yes.
2513
02:41:40,387 --> 02:41:41,720
And in the weeks and
years that followed?
2514
02:41:41,823 --> 02:41:44,891
It has been put at somewhere
between 50 and 100,000.
2515
02:41:45,009 --> 02:41:46,720
220,000 dead, at least.
2516
02:41:46,720 --> 02:41:48,720
- Yes.
- Any moral scruples about that?
2517
02:41:50,464 --> 02:41:51,477
...terrible ones.
2518
02:41:51,540 --> 02:41:55,564
But yet you testified in here that the
bombing of Hiroshima was very successful.
2519
02:41:55,664 --> 02:41:58,579
- Technically successful.
- Oh! Technically it was very successful.
2520
02:41:58,639 --> 02:42:01,039
And it is also an extra
help [?] to end the war.
2521
02:42:01,126 --> 02:42:04,157
Would you be supportive of the dropping
of a hydrogen bomb on Hiroshima?
2522
02:42:04,284 --> 02:42:05,864
I think that would make no sense at all.
2523
02:42:05,864 --> 02:42:08,524
- Why?
- The target is too small.
2524
02:42:08,579 --> 02:42:10,568
Well, supposing there
had been a target in Japan
2525
02:42:10,592 --> 02:42:12,353
big enough for a
thermonuclear weapon,
2526
02:42:12,392 --> 02:42:13,864
would you have been
opposed to the dropping of it?
2527
02:42:13,864 --> 02:42:15,864
This was not a problem
with which I was confronted.
2528
02:42:15,864 --> 02:42:17,524
Well, I'm confronting
you with it now, sir.
2529
02:42:17,587 --> 02:42:18,966
It was all part of his plan.
2530
02:42:19,060 --> 02:42:21,802
He wanted the
glorious, insincere guilt
2531
02:42:21,841 --> 02:42:25,036
of the self-important
to wear a fucking crown
2532
02:42:25,099 --> 02:42:30,378
and say, "No, we cannot go down this
road," even as he knew we'd have to.
2533
02:42:30,534 --> 02:42:33,335
Would you have been opposed to
the dropping of a thermonuclear weapon
2534
02:42:33,359 --> 02:42:36,064
on Japan because of moral scruples?
- Yes, I believe [?] I would, sir.
2535
02:42:36,157 --> 02:42:37,920
Would you have opposed the
dropping of an atomic bomb on
2536
02:42:37,944 --> 02:42:39,573
Hiroshima because
of moral scruples?
2537
02:42:39,674 --> 02:42:41,893
- We set forth our...
- I know, you, you, you, you!
2538
02:42:41,940 --> 02:42:43,026
- I'm asking you...
- I set...
2539
02:42:43,057 --> 02:42:43,893
You, you, you!
2540
02:42:43,918 --> 02:42:47,580
I set forth our arguments against
dropping it, but I did not endorse them.
2541
02:42:47,655 --> 02:42:50,798
You mean after working night and
day for three years building the bomb,
2542
02:42:50,864 --> 02:42:52,877
you then argued
against the use of it?
2543
02:42:53,064 --> 02:42:56,751
I was asked by the Secretary of
War what the views of scientists were.
2544
02:42:56,790 --> 02:42:59,212
I gave them the views
against and the views for.
2545
02:42:59,264 --> 02:43:01,165
You supported the
dropping of the atom bomb,
2546
02:43:01,190 --> 02:43:02,445
with your plan, [?] didn't you?
- What do you mean "you support?"
2547
02:43:02,509 --> 02:43:04,064
- You supported it, I mean.
- What do you mean, support?
2548
02:43:04,064 --> 02:43:05,689
Well, you helped pick
the target, didn't you?
2549
02:43:05,720 --> 02:43:09,095
I did my job. I was not in a
policy-making position at Los Alamos.
2550
02:43:09,172 --> 02:43:11,180
I would have done
anything I was asked to do.
2551
02:43:11,228 --> 02:43:13,464
But then you would have built
the H-bomb too, wouldn't you?
2552
02:43:13,464 --> 02:43:14,064
I couldn't...
2553
02:43:14,064 --> 02:43:15,864
I didn't ask you that, doctor!
2554
02:43:15,864 --> 02:43:20,264
And the G.A.C. report, which you co-authored
after the Soviet atomic test, said,
2555
02:43:20,264 --> 02:43:23,264
"A super bomb should never be built!"
2556
02:43:23,264 --> 02:43:24,664
What we meant, what I meant.
2557
02:43:24,719 --> 02:43:25,973
- [We?]
- Look, what I meant...
2558
02:43:26,005 --> 02:43:27,199
Who?
2559
02:43:28,342 --> 02:43:31,467
Wouldn't the Russians do
anything to increase their strength?
2560
02:43:31,864 --> 02:43:33,976
If we did it, they
would have to do it!
2561
02:43:34,001 --> 02:43:38,126
Our efforts would only fuel their efforts,
just as it had with the atomic bomb!
2562
02:43:38,189 --> 02:43:40,853
Just as it had with the
atomic bomb, exactly!
2563
02:43:41,840 --> 02:43:45,949
No moral scruples in 1945, plenty in 1949.
2564
02:43:50,268 --> 02:43:51,463
Dr. Oppenheimer,
2565
02:43:53,612 --> 02:43:58,370
when did your strong moral convictions
develop with respect to the hydrogen bomb?
2566
02:44:05,896 --> 02:44:08,037
When it became
clear to me,
2567
02:44:09,122 --> 02:44:12,317
that we would tend to
use any weapon we had.
2568
02:44:15,262 --> 02:44:20,173
J. Robert Oppenheimer the martyr,
I gave him exactly what he wanted.
2569
02:44:20,566 --> 02:44:22,168
To be remembered for Trinity.
2570
02:44:22,319 --> 02:44:24,319
Not Hiroshima.
2571
02:44:24,842 --> 02:44:27,405
Not Nagasaki.
2572
02:44:29,777 --> 02:44:32,123
He should be thanking me.
2573
02:44:32,758 --> 02:44:34,236
Well, he's not.
2574
02:44:37,311 --> 02:44:38,792
Do we still have enough votes?
2575
02:44:38,856 --> 02:44:40,792
Or is the crowning
moment of my career
2576
02:44:40,816 --> 02:44:44,121
about to become the most
public humiliation of my life?
2577
02:44:44,795 --> 02:44:46,697
Whole Senate's about to vote.
2578
02:44:47,374 --> 02:44:48,374
You'll scrape through.
2579
02:44:48,473 --> 02:44:50,215
Great, then gather the fucking press.
2580
02:44:50,266 --> 02:44:52,981
Dr. J. Robert
Oppenheimer, this board,
2581
02:44:53,059 --> 02:44:55,987
having heard testimony
from you, and many of your
2582
02:44:56,066 --> 02:44:58,059
current and former
colleagues,
2583
02:44:58,418 --> 02:45:02,801
has come to the unanimous
conclusion that you are a loyal citizen.
2584
02:45:04,749 --> 02:45:05,949
However...
2585
02:45:06,503 --> 02:45:09,824
In the light of your
continuing associations,
2586
02:45:09,879 --> 02:45:13,301
and disregard for the security
apparatus of this country,
2587
02:45:13,480 --> 02:45:16,727
together with your
somewhat disturbing conduct
2588
02:45:16,836 --> 02:45:18,902
on the hydrogen bomb program,
2589
02:45:19,090 --> 02:45:22,978
and the regrettable lack of candor in
[some] of your responses to this board,
2590
02:45:23,556 --> 02:45:25,705
we have voted, two-to-one,
2591
02:45:26,361 --> 02:45:29,384
to deny the renewal of
your security clearance.
2592
02:45:29,533 --> 02:45:32,705
A full written opinion, with
a dissent from Mr. Evans,
2593
02:45:32,939 --> 02:45:35,480
will be issued to the
AEC in the coming days.
2594
02:45:35,995 --> 02:45:36,995
That is all.
2595
02:45:47,955 --> 02:45:49,363
Robert.
2596
02:45:49,840 --> 02:45:51,254
Robert.
2597
02:45:58,028 --> 02:45:59,894
Don't take in the sheets.
2598
02:46:05,262 --> 02:46:07,262
Two minutes.
2599
02:46:07,466 --> 02:46:08,826
You'll get your chance!
2600
02:46:12,203 --> 02:46:13,908
Is it official?
2601
02:46:16,026 --> 02:46:19,565
Well, there were a couple
of unexpected holdouts.
2602
02:46:24,906 --> 02:46:26,426
I'm denied.
2603
02:46:26,426 --> 02:46:27,426
Yeah?
2604
02:46:27,426 --> 02:46:28,426
I'm afraid so, sir.
2605
02:46:28,426 --> 02:46:30,226
All right.
2606
02:46:36,728 --> 02:46:38,080
Who were the holdouts?
2607
02:46:38,127 --> 02:46:40,853
Um, there were three.
2608
02:46:40,986 --> 02:46:43,455
Led by the junior senator
from Massachusetts.
2609
02:46:43,556 --> 02:46:47,267
Young guy trying to make a name for himself,
didn't like what you did to Oppenheimer.
2610
02:46:47,828 --> 02:46:49,078
What's his name?
2611
02:46:49,703 --> 02:46:51,476
Uh, Kennedy.
2612
02:46:51,679 --> 02:46:53,140
John F. Kennedy.
2613
02:46:56,759 --> 02:46:57,640
Kitty?
2614
02:47:03,890 --> 02:47:07,258
Did you think that if you
let them tar and feather you,
2615
02:47:07,625 --> 02:47:09,655
that the world
would forgive you?
2616
02:47:13,258 --> 02:47:14,258
It won't.
2617
02:47:17,030 --> 02:47:18,030
I'll see.
2618
02:47:32,655 --> 02:47:34,366
You told me I'd be okay.
2619
02:47:34,677 --> 02:47:36,959
Yeah, well, I didn't
have all the facts, did I?
2620
02:47:37,007 --> 02:47:38,116
Here's a fact.
2621
02:47:38,209 --> 02:47:42,177
President Eisenhower pinned the
Medal of Freedom on my chest last year.
2622
02:47:42,233 --> 02:47:44,444
Because I've always done
what's right for this country.
2623
02:47:44,514 --> 02:47:49,202
They don't want me in the cabinet room?
Well, that's... that's fine.
2624
02:47:49,320 --> 02:47:51,525
Maybe they should just
invite Oppenheimer instead.
2625
02:47:51,633 --> 02:47:53,126
Maybe they will.
2626
02:47:53,611 --> 02:47:56,596
I told you. He turned
the scientists against me,
2627
02:47:56,674 --> 02:47:58,627
one by one,
starting with Einstein.
2628
02:47:58,665 --> 02:48:01,135
I told you about that.
Einstein. Einstein by the pond.
2629
02:48:01,438 --> 02:48:03,719
He did, but you know, sir, since nobody...
2630
02:48:03,822 --> 02:48:06,596
really knows what they
said to each other that day,
2631
02:48:06,649 --> 02:48:09,963
is it possible they didn't
talk about you at all?
2632
02:48:10,469 --> 02:48:15,469
Is it possible they spoke about
something, ah, more important?
2633
02:48:29,634 --> 02:48:30,697
Thank you.
2634
02:48:31,082 --> 02:48:32,439
Albert.
2635
02:48:35,527 --> 02:48:37,527
The man of the moment.
2636
02:48:41,082 --> 02:48:45,244
You once had a reception
for me in Berkeley.
2637
02:48:45,308 --> 02:48:47,308
- They gave me an award, hm?
- Yes.
2638
02:48:48,793 --> 02:48:53,371
You all thought that I had lost the
ability to understand what had started.
2639
02:48:54,191 --> 02:48:55,214
So...
2640
02:48:55,504 --> 02:48:59,504
The award really wasn't
for me, it was for all of you, hm?
2641
02:49:01,504 --> 02:49:08,504
Now it's your turn to deal with the
consequences of your achievement.
2642
02:49:09,504 --> 02:49:13,504
And one day, when they've
punished you enough,
2643
02:49:15,003 --> 02:49:19,003
they'll serve you salmon and potato salad.
2644
02:49:22,504 --> 02:49:24,504
Like speeches.
2645
02:49:25,791 --> 02:49:27,791
Give you a medal.
2646
02:49:29,440 --> 02:49:30,440
Frank...
2647
02:49:30,440 --> 02:49:32,440
You are happy unhappy.
2648
02:49:38,497 --> 02:49:42,497
Pat you on the back,
tell you all is forgiven.
2649
02:49:43,553 --> 02:49:44,904
Just remember,
2650
02:49:46,404 --> 02:49:48,490
it won't be for you.
2651
02:49:53,490 --> 02:49:55,490
It will be for them.
2652
02:50:08,278 --> 02:50:09,278
Albert.
2653
02:50:11,364 --> 02:50:14,450
when I came to
you with those calculations,
2654
02:50:14,450 --> 02:50:20,450
we thought we might start a chain reaction
that would destroy the entire world.
2655
02:50:20,450 --> 02:50:24,871
I remember as well.
What happened?
2656
02:50:28,475 --> 02:50:30,475
I believe we did.
214958
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.