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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:42,650 --> 00:00:46,000 Dr. Oppenheimer. 2 00:00:46,000 --> 00:00:48,000 Dr. Oppenheimer. 3 00:00:48,350 --> 00:00:54,000 As we begin, I believe you have a statement to read into the record. 4 00:00:54,000 --> 00:00:55,000 Yes, Your Honor. 5 00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:57,000 We're not judges, Doctor. 6 00:00:57,550 --> 00:00:59,000 Your Honor. 7 00:00:59,000 --> 00:01:00,000 Of course. 8 00:01:05,900 --> 00:01:09,000 Who is that the security point? 9 00:01:09,000 --> 00:01:11,000 The so-called interrogatory information. 10 00:01:11,750 --> 00:01:13,110 in your indictment of me cannot be 11 00:01:13,200 --> 00:01:18,000 fairly understood except in the context of my life and my work. 12 00:01:18,400 --> 00:01:21,000 How long did he testify? 13 00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:24,000 Honestly, I forget. 14 00:01:24,250 --> 00:01:26,000 The whole hearing took a month. 15 00:01:26,400 --> 00:01:28,000 An hour to know? 16 00:01:28,000 --> 00:01:30,000 Well, I've only read the transcripts. 17 00:01:30,000 --> 00:01:32,000 I would want to justify their own life. 18 00:01:32,300 --> 00:01:34,000 You weren't there? 19 00:01:34,000 --> 00:01:35,000 As chairman, I wasn't allowed to be. 20 00:01:35,000 --> 00:01:37,000 Are they really going to ask about it? 21 00:01:37,050 --> 00:01:40,000 It was years ago. 22 00:01:40,000 --> 00:01:41,000 Four years ago. 23 00:01:41,000 --> 00:01:42,000 I thought. 24 00:01:42,000 --> 00:01:44,000 Oppenheimer still divides America. 25 00:01:44,000 --> 00:01:46,000 The committee's going to want to know where he stood. 26 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:49,000 Senator Thoreau, don't ask me to say not to feel 27 00:01:49,000 --> 00:01:51,000 like you're on trial. 28 00:01:51,150 --> 00:01:52,150 No, it's coming out differently just sit down. 29 00:01:52,250 --> 00:01:56,000 Really, Mr. Thoreau? 30 00:01:56,000 --> 00:01:57,000 Exactly. 31 00:01:57,150 --> 00:01:58,000 Admiral Thoreau is a visual. 32 00:01:58,000 --> 00:01:59,050 This is a formality. 33 00:01:59,070 --> 00:02:01,000 President Eisenhower's asked you to be in his cabinet. 34 00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:03,000 Senate really has no choice but to confirm him. 35 00:02:03,000 --> 00:02:05,000 And who should they bring up, Oppenheimer? 36 00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:07,000 When they bring up Oppenheimer. 37 00:02:07,000 --> 00:02:08,050 You answer honestly. 38 00:02:08,070 --> 00:02:10,000 No senator can deny. 39 00:02:10,000 --> 00:02:11,000 He did your duty. 40 00:02:11,050 --> 00:02:12,050 It'll be uncomfortable. 41 00:02:12,400 --> 00:02:14,000 We're going to justify their whole life. 42 00:02:14,100 --> 00:02:16,000 Why don't you leave the United States? 43 00:02:16,000 --> 00:02:22,000 I wanted to study the new physics. 44 00:02:22,200 --> 00:02:23,720 Was there nowhere here? 45 00:02:25,150 --> 00:02:29,000 I thought Berkeley had the leading theoretical physics department. 46 00:02:29,350 --> 00:02:32,000 Yes, one side built it. 47 00:02:32,050 --> 00:02:35,000 First I had to go to Europe. 48 00:02:35,400 --> 00:02:38,000 I went to Cambridge to study under Patrick Blackett. 49 00:02:38,000 --> 00:02:39,120 Well, you're happier there than in America. 50 00:02:39,700 --> 00:02:42,000 Happier? 51 00:02:42,450 --> 00:02:45,000 Yes. 52 00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:46,000 No. 53 00:02:46,000 --> 00:02:47,000 No, I-- I was homesick, emotionally mature, troubled by visions of a human universe. 54 00:02:51,350 --> 00:02:53,000 You've listened to laugh. 55 00:02:53,000 --> 00:03:08,000 Oi, Oppenheimer. 56 00:03:08,000 --> 00:03:21,000 Have you had any sleep? 57 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:28,000 Start again. 58 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:29,000 I need to go to the lecture, sir. 59 00:03:32,420 --> 00:03:34,000 Why? 60 00:03:34,000 --> 00:03:36,000 It smells boring. 61 00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:38,000 I think it's gone. 62 00:03:38,000 --> 00:03:38,000 All right. 63 00:03:38,000 --> 00:03:44,000 Let's go. 64 00:03:44,000 --> 00:03:45,000 Oh, you're not you, Oppenheimer. 65 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:46,000 You finished Coachman's place. 66 00:03:46,250 --> 00:03:50,000 Quantum physics is not a step forward. 67 00:03:50,000 --> 00:03:51,000 It is a new way to understand reality. 68 00:03:51,000 --> 00:03:54,000 Einstein's opened the door. 69 00:03:54,300 --> 00:04:02,000 Now we are peering through, 70 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:04,000 seeing the world inside our 71 00:04:04,000 --> 00:04:07,000 world, a world of energy and 72 00:04:11,560 --> 00:04:13,070 paradox that not everyone can accept. 73 00:04:32,000 --> 00:04:36,000 All right. 74 00:04:36,000 --> 00:04:40,000 Fields, meet J. Robert Oppenheimer. 75 00:04:40,000 --> 00:04:41,000 What's the J stand for? 76 00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:45,000 Nothing. 77 00:04:45,000 --> 00:04:51,000 You are at my lecture. 78 00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:54,000 You ask the only good question. 79 00:04:54,000 --> 00:04:56,000 No one's denying his insight. 80 00:04:56,000 --> 00:04:59,000 This is laboratory work that 81 00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:01,000 needs a little to be desired. 82 00:05:01,000 --> 00:05:04,000 I heard you gave the same answer. 83 00:05:04,000 --> 00:05:06,000 Yes, and you ask the same question. 84 00:05:06,000 --> 00:05:09,000 Why ask again? 85 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:12,000 I'd like your answer. 86 00:05:35,000 --> 00:05:37,000 Did you like it better yesterday? 87 00:05:37,000 --> 00:05:40,000 A lot. 88 00:05:40,000 --> 00:05:41,000 You can lift the stone without being 89 00:05:41,250 --> 00:05:43,000 ready for the snake that's revealed. 90 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:44,000 Now it seems you're ready. 91 00:05:44,050 --> 00:05:45,290 But you don't enjoy the lab. 92 00:05:45,350 --> 00:05:47,000 So get out of Cambridge with each beaker's and potion's. 93 00:05:47,000 --> 00:05:51,000 Go somewhere they let you think. 94 00:05:51,000 --> 00:05:52,000 Got to get born. 95 00:05:52,000 --> 00:05:54,000 Get to Germany. 96 00:05:54,300 --> 00:05:56,000 Study under Max Born. 97 00:05:56,000 --> 00:05:58,000 Learn the ways of theory. 98 00:05:58,400 --> 00:06:00,000 I'll send word. 99 00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:01,000 Or more. 100 00:06:01,150 --> 00:06:06,000 How's your mathematics? 101 00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:08,000 Not good enough. 102 00:06:08,250 --> 00:06:11,000 The physicist he wants to be. 103 00:06:11,000 --> 00:06:13,000 Algebrous-like sheet music. 104 00:06:13,000 --> 00:06:15,000 The important thing isn't can you read music. 105 00:06:19,550 --> 00:06:22,000 It's can you hear it. 106 00:06:22,000 --> 00:06:23,000 Can you hear the music, Robert? 107 00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:24,000 Yes, I can. 108 00:06:24,000 --> 00:06:27,000 As Senator from Wyoming, Admiral Strauss, I'm interested 109 00:06:27,050 --> 00:06:29,000 in your relationship with Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer. 110 00:06:29,200 --> 00:06:32,000 You met him in 1947? 111 00:06:32,550 --> 00:06:34,000 Correct. 112 00:06:34,000 --> 00:06:34,000 You were commissioner of the Atomic Energy Commission? 113 00:06:34,250 --> 00:06:36,000 I was, but I actually met 114 00:06:36,000 --> 00:06:38,000 Robert in my capacity 115 00:06:38,100 --> 00:06:41,000 as board member of the Institute for Advanced Study. 116 00:06:41,000 --> 00:06:42,000 At Princeton, after the war, he was 117 00:06:42,250 --> 00:06:45,000 world crowns, the great metaphysics. 118 00:06:45,900 --> 00:06:47,000 And I was determined to get him to run the Institute. 119 00:06:47,000 --> 00:06:49,000 Dr. Oppenheimer, an honor. 120 00:06:49,120 --> 00:06:53,000 Mr. Strauss. 121 00:06:53,000 --> 00:06:56,000 It's pronounced Strauss. 122 00:06:56,000 --> 00:07:00,000 Open Hagra, the name of the war you served, and the land of the Jewish. 123 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:03,000 I'm a president of Temple of Manuel in Manhattan. 124 00:07:03,000 --> 00:07:07,000 Strauss is just a sudden pronunciation. 125 00:07:07,000 --> 00:07:10,000 Anyway, welcome to the Institute. 126 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:14,000 I think you'll be very happy here. 127 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:17,000 Yes, well, if you love the community, 128 00:07:17,000 --> 00:07:21,000 the procession comes with 129 00:07:21,000 --> 00:07:24,000 that house for you and your wife 130 00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:28,000 and your two children. 131 00:07:28,000 --> 00:07:31,000 Yes, two. 132 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:35,000 I'm a great admirer of your work. 133 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:38,000 I'm very righteous about 134 00:07:38,000 --> 00:07:42,000 training Mr. Strauss. 135 00:07:42,000 --> 00:07:45,000 I'm sorry, calling room four o'clock. 136 00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:48,000 Do you know I'm not trained in physics or 137 00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:52,000 anything else, and I'm self-prolonged now. 138 00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:55,000 Oh, I can relate to that. 139 00:07:55,000 --> 00:07:59,000 Really? 140 00:08:23,150 --> 00:08:28,000 Yes, my father was one. 141 00:08:28,000 --> 00:08:30,000 This would be your office. 142 00:08:30,050 --> 00:08:33,000 I'm told he's there most after this. 143 00:08:33,000 --> 00:08:34,000 You know, I've always wondered why you 144 00:08:34,150 --> 00:08:37,000 didn't involve him in the Manhattan Project. 145 00:08:37,000 --> 00:08:40,000 Greatest scientific mind of our time. 146 00:08:40,050 --> 00:08:43,000 Of his time. 147 00:08:43,150 --> 00:08:48,000 Einstein published his theory of relativity. 148 00:08:48,000 --> 00:08:53,000 more than 40 years ago now. 149 00:08:53,000 --> 00:08:56,000 I remember he's quite a moral and revealed. 150 00:08:56,350 --> 00:09:05,000 God doesn't play dice. 151 00:09:05,100 --> 00:09:07,000 Precisely. 152 00:09:07,000 --> 00:09:09,000 Never thought of studying physics formally, Mr. Strauss. 153 00:09:09,000 --> 00:09:13,000 I had authors, but I chose to sell shoes. 154 00:09:13,450 --> 00:09:16,000 Louis Strauss was once a lordy shoe salesman. 155 00:09:16,050 --> 00:09:19,000 Not just a shoe salesman. 156 00:09:19,100 --> 00:09:21,000 I'd love to introduce you. 157 00:09:21,220 --> 00:09:23,000 Louis. 158 00:09:23,000 --> 00:09:25,000 I've known him for years. 159 00:09:25,000 --> 00:09:28,000 Albert. 160 00:09:28,500 --> 00:09:30,000 What was that? 161 00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:31,000 What did you say, O? 162 00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:34,000 Well, he's fine. 163 00:09:34,000 --> 00:09:36,000 Mr. Strauss, there are things in my past you'll be aware of. 164 00:09:36,100 --> 00:09:38,000 Well, as chairman of the ADC, I have access to your security file at Red Hood. 165 00:09:38,000 --> 00:09:42,000 You're not worried. 166 00:09:42,000 --> 00:09:44,000 Why would I be worried after everything you've done for your country? 167 00:09:44,000 --> 00:09:45,000 Well, the time has changed, Mr. Strauss. 168 00:09:45,100 --> 00:09:48,000 Well, the purpose of this institute. 169 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:50,000 is to provide a haven for independent minds. 170 00:09:50,400 --> 00:10:02,000 That's you. 171 00:10:02,420 --> 00:10:09,000 You are the man for the job. 172 00:10:09,350 --> 00:10:12,000 Well, I'm not considering it. 173 00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:14,000 I'll see you at the ADC meeting tomorrow. 174 00:10:14,000 --> 00:10:16,000 This is one of the most prestigious appointments in the country. 175 00:10:17,200 --> 00:10:20,000 Yes. 176 00:10:20,000 --> 00:10:22,000 The great commute. 177 00:10:22,150 --> 00:10:24,000 That's why I'm considering it. 178 00:10:24,520 --> 00:10:26,000 So Dr. Rabinheimer brought your attention 179 00:10:26,000 --> 00:10:29,000 to his past associations before you appointed him? 180 00:10:30,300 --> 00:10:32,000 Yes. 181 00:10:32,000 --> 00:10:35,000 And they didn't concern you? 182 00:10:35,300 --> 00:10:37,000 But just then, I was entirely consumed 183 00:10:40,850 --> 00:10:43,000 with what he must have said to Einstein to sour him on me. 184 00:10:43,200 --> 00:10:44,200 But later? 185 00:10:44,600 --> 00:10:46,000 Well, we all know what happened later. 186 00:10:47,200 --> 00:11:08,000 Dr. Yura, your time in Europe, you. 187 00:11:08,000 --> 00:11:11,000 seem to meet with a wide range of other countries' physicists. 188 00:11:11,150 --> 00:11:16,000 Yes, that's right. 189 00:11:16,000 --> 00:11:20,000 Any Russians? 190 00:11:20,000 --> 00:11:23,000 Not in this thing to mind. 191 00:11:23,050 --> 00:11:28,000 If you'll just allow me to continue with my statement-- Just stay around. 192 00:11:28,100 --> 00:11:32,000 You'll have ample opportunity to cross-exactment. 193 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:34,000 After getting in, I moved on to 194 00:11:34,000 --> 00:11:36,160 Leiden and Halbens where I first met-- 195 00:11:36,700 --> 00:11:38,000 Is it all right? 196 00:11:38,000 --> 00:11:40,000 Hi, Yang. 197 00:11:40,500 --> 00:11:44,000 Lecturing on the new physics. 198 00:11:44,000 --> 00:11:45,000 This I have to hear. 199 00:11:45,000 --> 00:11:47,000 I'm an American myself. 200 00:11:47,250 --> 00:11:49,000 Oh, how surprising. 201 00:11:49,250 --> 00:11:51,000 Well, let me know if you need any help with the English. 202 00:11:51,700 --> 00:11:59,000 What's he saying? 203 00:11:59,000 --> 00:12:00,000 No, thank you. 204 00:12:00,000 --> 00:12:02,000 It's a long way to Zurich. 205 00:12:02,000 --> 00:12:04,000 We get every skin here. 206 00:12:04,450 --> 00:12:06,000 We're going to lose you between the sea cushions. 207 00:12:06,000 --> 00:12:10,000 I'm one of it. 208 00:12:10,150 --> 00:12:11,150 I'm a knight. 209 00:12:11,200 --> 00:12:13,000 I caught your lecture on molecules. 210 00:12:13,000 --> 00:12:14,000 I caught some of it. 211 00:12:14,000 --> 00:12:17,000 We're a couple of new you'll choose. 212 00:12:17,600 --> 00:12:23,000 How do you know that? 213 00:12:23,000 --> 00:12:25,000 Well, I thought I'd better learn it. 214 00:12:25,100 --> 00:12:27,000 But I got here this semester. 215 00:12:27,500 --> 00:12:30,000 You learned enough Dutch in six weeks to get a lecture on quantum mechanics. 216 00:12:30,800 --> 00:12:32,000 I had to challenge myself. 217 00:12:32,000 --> 00:12:32,000 Quantum physics wasn't challenging enough. 218 00:12:33,000 --> 00:12:35,000 Show off. 219 00:12:36,700 --> 00:12:39,000 Dutch in six weeks, but you never learned yet. 220 00:12:39,300 --> 00:12:41,260 I don't speak it so much my side of the park. 221 00:12:44,750 --> 00:12:48,000 Screw you. 222 00:12:48,000 --> 00:12:49,000 You homesick or you know it. 223 00:12:49,000 --> 00:12:51,000 If you get the feeling all kind isn't 224 00:12:51,000 --> 00:12:57,000 entirely welcoming, this is just-- 225 00:12:57,150 --> 00:12:58,000 They're all Jewish too. 226 00:12:58,000 --> 00:12:59,000 Eat. 227 00:12:59,100 --> 00:13:01,000 This is German you have to seek out. 228 00:13:01,000 --> 00:13:04,000 Hasbro. 229 00:13:04,650 --> 00:13:06,000 Right. 230 00:13:06,000 --> 00:13:16,000 One might be led to the presumption that behind the 231 00:13:17,200 --> 00:13:22,000 quantum world there still hides the real world in which 232 00:13:22,200 --> 00:13:25,000 causality holds, but such speculations seem to us to say explicitly fruitless. 233 00:13:25,000 --> 00:13:35,000 Thank you. 234 00:13:35,000 --> 00:13:37,000 Have a great day. 235 00:13:37,000 --> 00:13:38,000 What are you thinking? 236 00:13:38,000 --> 00:13:40,000 Dr. Oliver. 237 00:13:40,000 --> 00:13:41,000 Oh my god. 238 00:13:41,100 --> 00:13:42,100 Yes. 239 00:13:42,250 --> 00:13:44,000 I liked your paper and molecules. 240 00:13:44,050 --> 00:13:47,000 Probably because you're inspired. 241 00:13:47,000 --> 00:13:48,000 If I inspire anything else, let me know. 242 00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:49,000 We could publish together. 243 00:13:49,500 --> 00:13:51,000 I have to get back to America. 244 00:13:51,000 --> 00:13:52,160 Why? 245 00:13:52,200 --> 00:13:56,000 There's no one there taking quantum mechanics seriously. 246 00:13:56,000 --> 00:13:57,040 That's exactly why. 247 00:13:57,150 --> 00:13:59,000 He's pining for the canyons of Latin. 248 00:13:59,000 --> 00:14:01,000 Canyons of New Mexico. 249 00:14:01,000 --> 00:14:03,000 You're from New Mexico? 250 00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:05,000 No, New York. 251 00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:07,000 But my brother and I have a ranch outside Santa Fe. 252 00:14:07,000 --> 00:14:10,000 That's the America I miss right now. 253 00:14:10,000 --> 00:14:13,000 Then it's best you get home, Cowboys. 254 00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:18,000 Ha ha. 255 00:14:18,000 --> 00:14:21,000 That's him. 256 00:14:21,000 --> 00:14:22,000 No, me and horses. 257 00:14:22,120 --> 00:14:25,000 I don't think so. 258 00:14:25,270 --> 00:14:31,000 Nice to meet you. 259 00:14:31,000 --> 00:14:32,000 Did you ever encounter Harrison Burke again? 260 00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:33,000 Not in person. 261 00:14:33,000 --> 00:14:38,000 No, but, uh, you might say our paths crossed. 262 00:14:38,000 --> 00:14:46,000 I'm returning to America. 263 00:14:46,000 --> 00:14:50,000 I accepted positions at both Caltech and David Burke there. 264 00:14:50,000 --> 00:14:55,000 Dr. Lawrence, I presume? 265 00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:56,000 You must be off when I work. 266 00:14:56,000 --> 00:14:57,000 Yes. 267 00:14:57,000 --> 00:15:04,000 I hear you want to start a 268 00:15:04,000 --> 00:15:05,000 school of quantum theory. 269 00:15:05,000 --> 00:15:06,000 I am starting it next door. 270 00:15:06,000 --> 00:15:07,000 They put you in there. 271 00:15:07,000 --> 00:15:09,000 I thought I'd be close to you experimentalists. 272 00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:11,000 Theory will get you only so far. 273 00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:13,000 We're building a machine to accelerate electrons. 274 00:15:13,000 --> 00:15:14,000 Magnificent. 275 00:15:14,000 --> 00:15:15,000 Would you like to help? 276 00:15:15,000 --> 00:15:16,000 Build it? Oh, no. 277 00:15:16,250 --> 00:15:19,000 Ha ha. 278 00:15:19,000 --> 00:15:20,000 Oh, no. 279 00:15:21,050 --> 00:15:23,000 But I am working on theories I'd like to test with it. 280 00:15:23,550 --> 00:15:25,000 When do you start teaching? 281 00:15:25,000 --> 00:15:26,000 I've got my first in an hour. 282 00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:27,000 Seminar? 283 00:15:27,000 --> 00:15:30,000 Pupil. 284 00:15:31,200 --> 00:15:33,000 One student. 285 00:15:33,000 --> 00:15:35,000 That's it? 286 00:15:35,000 --> 00:15:36,000 I'm teaching something no one here is trapped of. 287 00:15:36,000 --> 00:15:37,000 But once people start hearing what you can do with it, they're still going back. 288 00:15:37,450 --> 00:15:39,000 Oh, I must have just, uh-- Mr. Lomont? 289 00:15:39,000 --> 00:15:40,000 Not. 290 00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:42,000 Yeah. 291 00:15:44,250 --> 00:15:46,010 Yes. 292 00:15:46,150 --> 00:15:47,150 This is it. 293 00:15:51,250 --> 00:15:52,270 Please. 294 00:15:52,300 --> 00:15:55,000 Take a seat. 295 00:15:55,000 --> 00:15:59,000 What do you know about 296 00:15:59,000 --> 00:16:02,000 quantum mechanics? 297 00:16:09,950 --> 00:16:25,000 I have a grasp on the basis. 298 00:16:27,600 --> 00:16:29,000 And you're doing it wrong. 299 00:16:29,000 --> 00:16:30,000 Is light made up of particles or waves? 300 00:16:30,000 --> 00:16:32,080 Quantum mechanics is its focus. 301 00:16:32,420 --> 00:16:34,000 How could it be both? 302 00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:35,000 A.K. 303 00:16:35,350 --> 00:16:38,000 A.K. 304 00:16:38,000 --> 00:16:40,000 A.K. 305 00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:42,000 But it is. 306 00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:43,000 It's paradoxical. 307 00:16:43,000 --> 00:16:45,000 And yet, it works. 308 00:16:45,000 --> 00:16:46,000 Thank you. 309 00:16:46,200 --> 00:16:47,000 Mr. Lomont, it's going to be okay. 310 00:16:47,000 --> 00:16:48,000 Mr. Snyder. 311 00:16:48,000 --> 00:16:50,070 Now, let's consider a star. 312 00:16:50,100 --> 00:16:52,000 A star on a vast furnace burning in outer space. 313 00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:53,000 Fire pushing upwards against its own gravity. 314 00:16:53,000 --> 00:16:54,000 It's balanced. 315 00:16:54,000 --> 00:16:55,000 But if that phrase accrues, then gravity starts winning. 316 00:16:55,000 --> 00:16:57,000 It contracts. 317 00:16:57,000 --> 00:16:58,000 Density increases. 318 00:16:58,000 --> 00:17:01,000 Correct. 319 00:17:01,000 --> 00:17:05,000 Increasing gravity. 320 00:17:05,800 --> 00:17:10,000 Increasing density. 321 00:17:10,200 --> 00:17:11,000 And it's a vicious cycle until... What's the limit here? 322 00:17:11,000 --> 00:17:13,000 I don't know. 323 00:17:13,000 --> 00:17:14,000 See, when the math takes us, I guarantee it somewhere no one's been before. 324 00:17:14,000 --> 00:17:15,000 Me? 325 00:17:15,000 --> 00:17:16,000 Yes, you and your math is better than mine. 326 00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:17,000 Dr. Abenheimer's file contained details and activities in Berkeley. 327 00:17:18,300 --> 00:17:24,000 Why would they have started the file on Dr. Abenheimer before the war? 328 00:17:24,700 --> 00:17:26,000 Well, you have 329 00:17:26,000 --> 00:17:28,000 to ask Mr. Hoover. 330 00:17:28,650 --> 00:17:31,000 I'm asking you, Admiral Strauss. 331 00:17:31,000 --> 00:17:32,000 Well, my assumption is that he was connected to his left-wing political activities. 332 00:17:32,000 --> 00:17:33,000 You shouldn't have let them write 333 00:17:33,000 --> 00:17:34,000 their politics in the classroom, Bobby. 334 00:17:34,000 --> 00:17:35,000 I wrote that. 335 00:17:35,000 --> 00:17:36,000 Lawrence, you've increased the revolution in physics. 336 00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:37,000 Can you see it everywhere else? 337 00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:38,000 Picasso, Stravinsky, Froy, Marx... Well, this is America. 338 00:17:38,000 --> 00:17:40,000 We had our revolution. 339 00:17:40,000 --> 00:17:52,000 Seriously. 340 00:17:52,050 --> 00:17:55,000 Keep it out of the lab. 341 00:17:55,000 --> 00:17:57,000 Well, out of the lab, my landlady's having a discussion about tonight. 342 00:17:57,000 --> 00:17:59,000 Interesting. 343 00:17:59,250 --> 00:18:02,000 I have sampled the Berkeley political scene. 344 00:18:02,000 --> 00:18:05,000 It's all just philosophy postgrads and communists talking integration. 345 00:18:05,000 --> 00:18:07,000 You don't care about integration. 346 00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:12,000 I want to vote for it, not talk about it. 347 00:18:12,000 --> 00:18:13,000 Especially on Friday. 348 00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:15,000 Come on, let's eat. 349 00:18:15,000 --> 00:18:16,000 I'm meeting my brother there. 350 00:18:16,000 --> 00:18:17,000 And how would these activities 351 00:18:17,000 --> 00:18:19,000 occur to the intention of the FBI? 352 00:18:19,000 --> 00:18:23,000 Well, if I remember correctly, 353 00:18:23,000 --> 00:18:25,000 the FBI was taking 354 00:18:25,000 --> 00:18:28,000 license plates outside 355 00:18:28,000 --> 00:18:29,000 of the suspected communist gatherings in the island. 356 00:18:30,020 --> 00:18:32,000 His name popped up. 357 00:18:32,000 --> 00:18:39,000 Jesus Christ. 358 00:18:39,000 --> 00:18:43,000 Sorry. 359 00:18:43,000 --> 00:18:45,000 Frankly, but... I do remember Jackie. 360 00:18:45,300 --> 00:18:48,000 Good night. 361 00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:56,000 Robert, I want you to meet John. 362 00:18:56,000 --> 00:19:01,000 Dr. Hopin Stavallier, Dr. Robert Oppenheimer. 363 00:19:01,000 --> 00:19:02,000 Pleasure. 364 00:19:02,300 --> 00:19:05,000 This is my little brother Frank. 365 00:19:05,100 --> 00:19:07,000 And this is... Still Jackie. 366 00:19:07,170 --> 00:19:11,000 Hello, still Jackie. 367 00:19:11,000 --> 00:19:13,000 Stavallier, you're in languages, and your reputation receives you. 368 00:19:13,200 --> 00:19:15,000 What have you heard? 369 00:19:15,000 --> 00:19:16,000 I'm glad you're teaching a radical new approach to physics. 370 00:19:16,050 --> 00:19:21,000 I have no chance of understanding, but I hadn't heard. 371 00:19:21,000 --> 00:19:22,000 You're a party member, but I'm not. 372 00:19:22,000 --> 00:19:24,000 No, not yet. 373 00:19:24,050 --> 00:19:28,000 Frank and I think 374 00:19:28,550 --> 00:19:30,000 you're joining. 375 00:19:30,000 --> 00:19:32,000 I support a range of policies. 376 00:19:32,000 --> 00:19:33,000 It's been a civil war, 377 00:19:33,000 --> 00:19:34,000 a Democratic republic being overthrown by fascist thugs who wouldn't. 378 00:19:34,570 --> 00:19:36,000 A government? 379 00:19:36,550 --> 00:19:40,000 They think that socialism is the biggest threat to them fascists. 380 00:19:40,350 --> 00:19:42,000 Not for long. 381 00:19:42,450 --> 00:19:45,000 A bit of other Nazis are due to the Jews. 382 00:19:45,050 --> 00:19:47,020 I send funds to colleagues in Germany to have a greater eye to do something. 383 00:19:47,050 --> 00:19:49,000 My old work is so abstract. 384 00:19:53,750 --> 00:19:58,000 What are you working on? 385 00:19:58,000 --> 00:19:59,000 What happens to stars when they die? 386 00:19:59,500 --> 00:20:03,000 Do the stars die? 387 00:20:03,000 --> 00:20:04,000 Well, if they do, they'd cool and collapse. 388 00:20:06,300 --> 00:20:13,000 In fact, the bigger the star, the more violent it's demise. 389 00:20:13,000 --> 00:20:16,000 Their gravity gets so concentrated it swallows everything. 390 00:20:16,000 --> 00:20:17,000 Everything you can like. 391 00:20:17,000 --> 00:20:19,000 Can that really happen? 392 00:20:19,000 --> 00:20:21,000 The math says it can. 393 00:20:21,000 --> 00:20:22,000 If we can get published, then perhaps one day an astronomer finds one, 394 00:20:22,400 --> 00:20:26,000 but right now all I have is theory, which can't impact people's lives. 395 00:20:26,000 --> 00:20:27,000 Well, if you're going to send money to Spain, do it through the Communist Party. 396 00:20:27,350 --> 00:20:29,050 They can get it to the front lines. 397 00:20:29,070 --> 00:20:31,000 Sorry, I said you were pleased. I'm Jane. 398 00:20:31,000 --> 00:20:33,000 Robert. 399 00:20:33,000 --> 00:20:34,000 Oh, Conchobelia, you and me in service last month. 400 00:20:34,150 --> 00:20:36,000 Right, right, yes. Thank you. 401 00:20:36,250 --> 00:20:38,000 Robert here says he's not a Communist. 402 00:20:38,000 --> 00:20:39,000 Well, then he doesn't know enough about it. 403 00:20:39,000 --> 00:20:43,000 The wife does cover down all 404 00:20:43,100 --> 00:20:44,000 three volumes. Does that count? 405 00:20:44,100 --> 00:20:47,000 It would make you better read the most bloody members' church and stuff. 406 00:20:47,070 --> 00:20:48,000 There's some thinking. Ownership is theft. 407 00:20:48,000 --> 00:20:50,000 Property. 408 00:20:50,000 --> 00:20:54,000 Property? 409 00:20:54,400 --> 00:20:57,000 Property, not pollution. 410 00:20:57,100 --> 00:20:59,000 I'm sorry. I read it in the original German. 411 00:20:59,000 --> 00:21:01,000 Oh. 412 00:21:01,250 --> 00:21:03,000 It's not about the book. It's about the ideas. 413 00:21:03,750 --> 00:21:07,000 And you sound uncommitted. 414 00:21:07,420 --> 00:21:12,000 Well, I'm committed to thinking freely about how to improve our world. 415 00:21:12,000 --> 00:21:16,000 Why limit yourself to one, dogma? 416 00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:18,000 You're a physicist. You pick and choose rules. 417 00:21:18,000 --> 00:21:19,000 Or do you use the discipline to channel your energies into progress? 418 00:21:19,600 --> 00:21:21,000 I clean with a room. 419 00:21:21,170 --> 00:21:24,000 You always tell the party line. 420 00:21:24,000 --> 00:21:28,000 I like my level room, too. 421 00:21:28,150 --> 00:21:32,000 What? 422 00:21:32,000 --> 00:21:33,220 Wait, wait, wait. 423 00:21:33,250 --> 00:21:37,000 I expected... What? 424 00:21:38,250 --> 00:21:39,000 For a physicist. 425 00:21:39,100 --> 00:21:42,000 You only have a shelf full of Freud. 426 00:21:42,300 --> 00:21:45,000 Well, I actually have my 427 00:21:45,450 --> 00:21:47,000 backgrounds more... Young Ian? 428 00:21:47,500 --> 00:21:49,000 You know analysis. 429 00:21:49,000 --> 00:21:53,000 When I was in post-credit Cambridge, I had a little trouble. 430 00:21:53,500 --> 00:21:56,170 How about you? 431 00:21:56,200 --> 00:21:59,000 I tried to poison my tutor. 432 00:21:59,000 --> 00:22:00,000 Did you hate him? 433 00:22:00,000 --> 00:22:01,000 I liked him very much. 434 00:22:01,600 --> 00:22:03,000 You just need to get laid. 435 00:22:03,000 --> 00:22:05,000 Took my analyst two years, and I don't think they ever put it that succinctly. 436 00:22:05,000 --> 00:22:06,000 You have everyone convinced you you're more complicated than you actually are. 437 00:22:08,750 --> 00:22:11,000 You're all simple souls, I guess. 438 00:22:11,300 --> 00:22:13,000 I'm learning. 439 00:22:13,200 --> 00:22:17,000 What's this? 440 00:22:17,250 --> 00:22:19,000 Sand cream. 441 00:22:19,070 --> 00:22:22,000 You can read this. 442 00:22:22,350 --> 00:22:26,000 I'm learning. 443 00:22:26,620 --> 00:22:29,000 Read this. 444 00:22:29,650 --> 00:22:32,000 Well, in this part, fish do let the low system of the arms... You know. 445 00:22:33,200 --> 00:22:35,000 Read the words. 446 00:22:36,000 --> 00:22:47,000 And now I have become dead. 447 00:22:47,000 --> 00:22:49,000 Destroyed off worlds. 448 00:22:52,700 --> 00:22:55,000 This'll do. 449 00:22:55,750 --> 00:22:57,000 A little break before dawn. 450 00:22:57,000 --> 00:22:59,000 Air cools overnight. 451 00:22:59,350 --> 00:23:04,000 Just before dawn. 452 00:23:05,100 --> 00:23:07,000 No breaks. 453 00:23:07,650 --> 00:23:10,050 So, I'm getting married. 454 00:23:11,050 --> 00:23:12,050 Frank, congratulations. 455 00:23:12,250 --> 00:23:14,000 Thanks, Jackie. 456 00:23:14,000 --> 00:23:15,000 Yeah, to Jackie. 457 00:23:15,000 --> 00:23:16,000 The waitress? 458 00:23:16,450 --> 00:23:18,000 I'll be your right. 459 00:23:18,370 --> 00:23:22,000 He's letting up. 460 00:23:22,000 --> 00:23:26,000 I'm gonna see him say stars. 461 00:23:26,600 --> 00:23:28,000 All your talk about the common man. 462 00:23:28,150 --> 00:23:30,000 Jackie's not good enough for you. 463 00:23:31,900 --> 00:23:33,000 We join the party, and you can't hide your discipline now. 464 00:23:33,000 --> 00:23:34,000 Why? 465 00:23:34,470 --> 00:23:36,000 Is that because that's supposed to be worth it? 466 00:23:36,000 --> 00:23:38,000 I haven't joined the party, Frank. 467 00:23:42,750 --> 00:23:45,000 And I don't think she should 468 00:23:45,250 --> 00:23:51,000 have convinced you to either. 469 00:23:51,300 --> 00:23:53,000 Half of the faculty is gone. 470 00:23:53,000 --> 00:23:56,000 Yeah, that half. 471 00:23:56,650 --> 00:23:59,000 I'm your brother, Frank, and I want you to be cautious. 472 00:24:00,450 --> 00:24:07,000 And I want to ring your neck. 473 00:24:08,000 --> 00:24:10,000 I won't live my life afraid to make a mistake. 474 00:24:11,000 --> 00:24:13,000 You're happy. 475 00:24:37,000 --> 00:24:40,000 I'm happy. 476 00:24:40,000 --> 00:24:47,000 So, then I'm happy you 477 00:24:47,000 --> 00:24:49,000 are happy that I'm happy. 478 00:24:49,000 --> 00:24:50,000 If you look, I can see one of those dark stars that you're working on. 479 00:24:50,000 --> 00:24:52,000 You can't. 480 00:24:52,000 --> 00:25:04,000 It's the whole point of gravity swallows light. 481 00:25:04,000 --> 00:25:07,000 It's like a kind of hole in space. 482 00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:08,000 Is Frank okay? 483 00:25:08,200 --> 00:25:10,000 Yes. 484 00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:11,000 He just says a shitty brother. 485 00:25:11,000 --> 00:25:12,000 It is special here. 486 00:25:12,050 --> 00:25:13,050 When I was a kid, I thought 487 00:25:13,300 --> 00:25:15,000 if I could find a way to 488 00:25:15,200 --> 00:25:18,000 combine physics and New Mexico, my life would be perfect. 489 00:25:18,000 --> 00:25:20,000 A little remote for that? 490 00:25:20,150 --> 00:25:23,000 Yes. 491 00:25:23,000 --> 00:25:24,000 Let's get some sleep. 492 00:25:24,000 --> 00:25:25,000 New Mexico we saw today. 493 00:25:25,000 --> 00:25:27,000 One of my favorite places in the world. 494 00:25:27,000 --> 00:25:29,000 Tomorrow with climate. 495 00:25:29,000 --> 00:25:31,000 What's it called? 496 00:25:31,000 --> 00:25:33,000 Los Alamos. 497 00:25:33,150 --> 00:25:36,000 I didn't expect to see you today. 498 00:25:36,000 --> 00:25:39,000 I'll have to make an appointment. 499 00:25:39,600 --> 00:25:44,000 Robert? 500 00:25:44,850 --> 00:25:46,000 Tommy! 501 00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:48,000 Tommy! 502 00:25:48,100 --> 00:25:51,000 What? 503 00:25:51,500 --> 00:25:59,000 What is it? 504 00:25:59,000 --> 00:26:00,000 They've done it. 505 00:26:00,000 --> 00:26:04,000 They've done it. 506 00:26:04,000 --> 00:26:08,000 They split the uranium nucleus. 507 00:26:08,000 --> 00:26:09,000 How? 508 00:26:09,100 --> 00:26:10,000 I'm worried about neutrons. 509 00:26:10,050 --> 00:26:13,000 It's a nuclear fission. 510 00:26:13,420 --> 00:26:15,000 They did it. 511 00:26:16,100 --> 00:26:27,000 They split the atom. 512 00:26:27,100 --> 00:26:29,000 Stop my skull. 513 00:26:29,700 --> 00:26:31,000 I'm going to try to reproduce it. 514 00:26:31,000 --> 00:26:32,000 See? 515 00:26:32,050 --> 00:26:35,000 Can't be done. 516 00:26:35,950 --> 00:26:37,000 Very elegant. 517 00:26:37,000 --> 00:26:40,000 Quite clear. 518 00:26:40,650 --> 00:26:42,000 There's just one problem. 519 00:26:42,150 --> 00:26:44,000 Where? 520 00:26:44,000 --> 00:26:46,000 Next door. 521 00:26:48,300 --> 00:26:52,000 Alvarez did it. 522 00:26:52,650 --> 00:26:55,000 Look. 523 00:26:58,000 --> 00:27:00,000 These fission pulses, they're massive. 524 00:27:00,000 --> 00:27:07,000 I've seen 30 of these in the past 10 minutes. 525 00:27:07,000 --> 00:27:08,000 Theory will take you only so far. 526 00:27:08,000 --> 00:27:09,000 During the process, 527 00:27:09,000 --> 00:27:10,000 external transport office could be used to submit other uranium atoms. 528 00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:12,000 Chain reaction. 529 00:27:12,000 --> 00:27:13,000 You're thinking what I'm thinking. 530 00:27:13,000 --> 00:27:15,000 You're weird. 531 00:27:15,250 --> 00:27:17,000 Every other physicist around 532 00:27:17,000 --> 00:27:21,000 the world has seen you. 533 00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:22,000 I'm just wondering, 534 00:27:22,000 --> 00:27:23,000 what are we all thinking? 535 00:27:23,000 --> 00:27:24,000 A bomb, Alvarez. 536 00:27:24,000 --> 00:27:26,000 A bomb. 537 00:27:26,000 --> 00:27:34,000 I told you, Rob, no more fucking flowers. 538 00:27:34,000 --> 00:27:41,000 I don't understand what you want. 539 00:27:41,150 --> 00:27:43,000 I don't want anything from you. 540 00:27:43,200 --> 00:27:45,000 But you say that, and then you call. 541 00:27:45,000 --> 00:27:46,000 Well, don't answer. 542 00:27:46,000 --> 00:27:48,000 I'll always answer. 543 00:27:48,000 --> 00:27:49,000 Fine. 544 00:27:49,400 --> 00:27:51,000 Just no more flowers. 545 00:27:51,050 --> 00:27:53,000 They're coming. 546 00:27:53,800 --> 00:27:55,000 You have to know when you're beaten, Robert. 547 00:27:55,350 --> 00:27:58,000 It's not that simple, ok? 548 00:27:58,400 --> 00:28:02,000 So, Barlier, good to see you. 549 00:28:02,500 --> 00:28:06,000 We don't have Barbara, 550 00:28:06,350 --> 00:28:09,000 good to see you. 551 00:28:09,000 --> 00:28:13,000 And illustrious 552 00:28:13,250 --> 00:28:15,000 Dr. Rottenheimer. 553 00:28:15,200 --> 00:28:17,000 I'm Alton Tippett. 554 00:28:17,000 --> 00:28:18,000 No. 555 00:28:18,000 --> 00:28:21,000 What should I please, please? 556 00:28:21,420 --> 00:28:24,000 Can I just say a word about organized labor? 557 00:28:24,050 --> 00:28:27,000 Coming through, coming through. 558 00:28:28,300 --> 00:28:30,000 I work at Shell. 559 00:28:30,100 --> 00:28:34,000 We sign up chemists, 560 00:28:34,950 --> 00:28:36,000 we sign up engineers. 561 00:28:36,000 --> 00:28:39,000 There's a bit of a science in that position. 562 00:28:39,820 --> 00:28:41,120 Teachers are unionized. Why not? Professors. 563 00:28:41,150 --> 00:28:44,000 Don't you have somewhere to be? 564 00:28:44,200 --> 00:28:46,000 Lawrence, academics of rights too. 565 00:28:46,000 --> 00:28:48,000 Look, it's not that. 566 00:28:48,000 --> 00:28:51,000 I've got a group coming. 567 00:28:51,150 --> 00:28:53,000 Oh, let's get in. 568 00:28:53,000 --> 00:28:57,000 Not this one. 569 00:28:57,000 --> 00:29:00,000 That's it. Dr. Bush. What 570 00:29:00,100 --> 00:29:02,000 brings you two up north? 571 00:29:02,000 --> 00:29:04,000 Richard, you tell Ruth that I'll be down to passing you into Thursday. 572 00:29:04,220 --> 00:29:06,000 April Black Holes, it's in! 573 00:29:06,150 --> 00:29:07,000 Where's Harvard? 574 00:29:07,000 --> 00:29:08,000 Get Harvard. 575 00:29:08,000 --> 00:29:10,000 Get Harvard. 576 00:29:10,000 --> 00:29:12,000 September 1st, 1939. The world's been removing this thing. 577 00:29:12,000 --> 00:29:16,000 Oh, Harlan, our paper, it's in print. 578 00:29:16,000 --> 00:29:17,000 You've been upstaged. 579 00:29:17,000 --> 00:29:19,000 During the Battle of Britain, I found myself increasingly out of sympathy 580 00:29:19,000 --> 00:29:22,000 with the policy of neutrality 581 00:29:22,000 --> 00:29:25,000 that Communists advocated. 582 00:29:25,000 --> 00:29:29,000 Relator Hitler invaded Russia and we became allies. 583 00:29:29,000 --> 00:29:33,000 These Communists simply stood their return? 584 00:29:33,000 --> 00:29:38,000 No. 585 00:29:38,000 --> 00:29:42,000 I need to make clear that 586 00:29:42,000 --> 00:29:43,000 my changing views on Russia 587 00:29:43,000 --> 00:29:46,000 did not mean a sharp break from those who held different views. 588 00:29:46,100 --> 00:29:47,000 For a year or two, during a previous marriage, 589 00:29:47,000 --> 00:29:48,000 my wife Kitty had been a Communist Party member. 590 00:29:48,000 --> 00:29:50,000 This is right. He's a good stuff. 591 00:29:50,000 --> 00:29:52,000 I love him, Mr. Paulman. 592 00:29:54,250 --> 00:30:02,000 I live with them. I'm a limicantic. 593 00:30:03,000 --> 00:30:06,000 Do you believe anything? 594 00:30:06,150 --> 00:30:15,000 Look at Ruthie. 595 00:30:17,600 --> 00:30:27,000 So, you're a biologist. 596 00:30:27,000 --> 00:30:29,000 Well, somehow I have graduated to housewife. 597 00:30:29,000 --> 00:30:30,000 Can you explain 598 00:30:30,000 --> 00:30:31,000 quantum mechanics to me? 599 00:30:31,000 --> 00:30:35,000 It seems badly. 600 00:30:35,400 --> 00:30:38,000 Yes, it is. 601 00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:40,000 Well, it's glass. 602 00:30:41,850 --> 00:30:48,000 It's a drink. 603 00:30:48,000 --> 00:30:52,000 It's countertop. 604 00:30:52,000 --> 00:30:55,000 Our bodies. 605 00:30:55,000 --> 00:30:58,000 All of it. 606 00:30:58,000 --> 00:30:59,000 It's mostly empty space. 607 00:31:00,700 --> 00:31:04,000 Groupings of tiny energy waves bound together. 608 00:31:04,220 --> 00:31:08,000 Of what? 609 00:31:08,350 --> 00:31:10,000 Forces of attraction strong enough to convince us. 610 00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:14,000 that matter is solid. 611 00:31:15,600 --> 00:31:20,000 It's not my body passing through yours. 612 00:31:20,050 --> 00:31:22,000 You're married to Dr. Harrison. 613 00:31:22,000 --> 00:31:24,000 I'm not married. 614 00:31:24,100 --> 00:31:26,000 There is someone that I feel... 615 00:31:26,000 --> 00:31:27,000 She feels that way. 616 00:31:28,200 --> 00:31:31,000 Sometimes, I don't know. 617 00:31:31,500 --> 00:31:34,000 You know, going to New Mexico, 618 00:31:34,900 --> 00:31:37,000 to my ranch with friends, you should come. 619 00:31:37,000 --> 00:31:38,000 I met with your husband. 620 00:31:38,800 --> 00:31:40,000 Yes, you did. 621 00:31:40,950 --> 00:31:43,000 Because you know it won't make a better difference. 622 00:31:43,000 --> 00:31:45,000 Why did you marry him? 623 00:31:45,050 --> 00:31:47,000 I was lost. 624 00:31:47,900 --> 00:31:49,000 He was kind. 625 00:31:51,400 --> 00:31:52,400 Lost? 626 00:31:53,720 --> 00:31:55,000 Well, your previous husband had died. 627 00:31:55,470 --> 00:31:58,000 At 28, it wasn't really ready to be a widow. 628 00:31:58,000 --> 00:31:59,000 Who's your first husband? 629 00:31:59,000 --> 00:32:03,000 Nobody. 630 00:32:03,800 --> 00:32:05,000 My second husband was Joe Dallad. 631 00:32:05,000 --> 00:32:08,000 He was from a money like me, 632 00:32:09,400 --> 00:32:22,000 but he was a union organizer in Youngstown, Ohio. 633 00:32:22,000 --> 00:32:24,000 How hard. 634 00:32:26,200 --> 00:32:29,000 How hard? 635 00:32:29,150 --> 00:32:31,000 Hard enough to spend the next four years living off beans and pancakes, 636 00:32:31,000 --> 00:32:34,000 handing out the Daily Worker back to Regates. 637 00:32:36,400 --> 00:32:39,000 By 36, I just told Joe I couldn't take it anymore. 638 00:32:39,400 --> 00:32:42,000 Quit the party. 639 00:32:43,600 --> 00:32:45,000 Your later on wanted it back. 640 00:32:45,000 --> 00:32:46,000 Him, not the Daily Worker. 641 00:32:46,850 --> 00:32:49,000 He sits well and meets you on my way to Spain. 642 00:32:53,000 --> 00:32:55,000 I'm going to the lawless. 643 00:32:55,000 --> 00:32:57,000 And then he went to the Regates and I waited. 644 00:32:57,150 --> 00:32:59,000 And... 645 00:32:59,000 --> 00:33:02,000 Joe got himself killed the first time he popped his head out of the trench. 646 00:33:02,220 --> 00:33:05,000 My ideology got Joe killed. 647 00:33:05,400 --> 00:33:08,000 For nothing. 648 00:33:08,000 --> 00:33:09,000 What's the kind of Republic? Is it nothing? 649 00:33:09,000 --> 00:33:10,000 My husband offered both our futures to stop one 650 00:33:10,000 --> 00:33:12,000 fascist bullet from embedding itself in a mud bag. 651 00:33:12,500 --> 00:33:15,000 That's the definition of nothing. 652 00:33:15,450 --> 00:33:18,000 This seems a little reductive. 653 00:33:18,500 --> 00:33:20,000 Magnetic. 654 00:33:20,000 --> 00:33:21,000 Now here I am. 655 00:33:21,170 --> 00:33:24,000 Who the hell is this? 656 00:33:24,000 --> 00:33:27,000 Not in one unit heard from anyone else. 657 00:33:27,200 --> 00:33:30,000 At least you didn't bring me flowers. 658 00:33:30,000 --> 00:33:31,000 They're both in a one, not what you want, Jane. 659 00:33:31,000 --> 00:33:33,000 Yeah, but it's the door closing. 660 00:33:33,000 --> 00:33:35,000 No. 661 00:33:35,000 --> 00:33:37,000 Not as far as I'm concerned, no. 662 00:33:37,000 --> 00:33:39,000 You knocked her up. Fast work. 663 00:33:39,000 --> 00:33:41,000 Can't keep a good man down. 664 00:33:41,000 --> 00:33:43,000 Yeah. 665 00:33:43,300 --> 00:33:47,000 I need her. 666 00:33:47,100 --> 00:33:49,000 She knew what you wanted. 667 00:33:49,100 --> 00:33:50,000 What about the husband? 668 00:33:50,000 --> 00:33:52,000 We talked. They're getting a divorce. 669 00:33:52,000 --> 00:33:54,890 So we can get married before she starts showing. 670 00:33:54,900 --> 00:33:58,000 I was civilized. 671 00:33:58,050 --> 00:34:00,000 You idiot. This is your community. 672 00:34:00,200 --> 00:34:02,000 You think the rules don't apply to the Golden Boy? 673 00:34:02,000 --> 00:34:04,000 Brilliant specs have been a lot. 674 00:34:04,000 --> 00:34:06,000 Don't alienate the only people in the world that understand what you do. 675 00:34:06,000 --> 00:34:10,000 One day you might need them. 676 00:34:17,000 --> 00:34:20,000 F.A.E.D. 677 00:34:22,570 --> 00:34:25,000 Federation Department of Dext. Engineers, chemists, technicians. 678 00:34:27,300 --> 00:34:35,000 Luminous. 679 00:34:35,750 --> 00:34:38,000 What do you get paid a month? 680 00:34:38,550 --> 00:34:40,000 It's nothing point-wise. 681 00:34:41,450 --> 00:34:44,000 What do any of you have in common with farm laborers and dock workers? 682 00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:47,000 Plenty. 683 00:34:47,500 --> 00:34:49,000 Everybody out? 684 00:34:49,000 --> 00:34:50,000 No! 685 00:34:50,350 --> 00:34:52,000 Not you. 686 00:34:52,000 --> 00:34:54,000 What are you doing? 687 00:34:54,000 --> 00:34:56,000 It's a trade union. 688 00:34:56,000 --> 00:34:58,000 F.A.E.D. 689 00:34:59,050 --> 00:35:02,000 F.A.E.D. 690 00:35:02,400 --> 00:35:04,000 We've come in it so long. 691 00:35:07,750 --> 00:35:09,110 I would try to pardon you. 692 00:35:09,770 --> 00:35:12,000 They won't let me bring you on with a project because of this shit. 693 00:35:13,100 --> 00:35:15,000 They won't even let me tell you what the project is. 694 00:35:15,400 --> 00:35:19,000 Oh, I know what the project is. 695 00:35:20,750 --> 00:35:22,000 Oh, really? 696 00:35:22,350 --> 00:35:24,000 We've all heard about Einstein and Sitter's letter to 697 00:35:24,000 --> 00:35:29,000 Roosevelt warning him that Germans could make a bomb. 698 00:35:29,450 --> 00:35:37,000 And I know what it means for the Nazis to have a bond. 699 00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:38,000 But I don't? 700 00:35:38,000 --> 00:35:39,000 It's not your people. They're hurting the camps. 701 00:35:39,000 --> 00:35:44,000 It's mine. 702 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:45,000 You think that I tell them about your politics. 703 00:35:45,350 --> 00:35:48,000 The next time you're coming home from a meeting, 704 00:35:48,000 --> 00:35:49,000 why don't you take a look in the rear view mirror, 705 00:35:52,250 --> 00:35:54,000 listen to the sounds on your phone line and stop being so goddamn naive. 706 00:35:54,150 --> 00:36:02,000 I really care what I do. 707 00:36:02,000 --> 00:36:03,000 Because you're not just self-important. You're actually important. 708 00:36:03,000 --> 00:36:04,000 Okay. 709 00:36:04,000 --> 00:36:05,000 I get it. 710 00:36:05,000 --> 00:36:06,000 And if you could just be a little bit pragmatic, 711 00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:07,020 I'll talk to the loaners, I'll talk to the others. 712 00:36:07,050 --> 00:36:10,000 You don't have to worry. It's done. 713 00:36:11,120 --> 00:36:13,000 Alliance. 714 00:36:13,000 --> 00:36:15,000 Then we'll come to the war. 715 00:36:15,000 --> 00:36:16,000 I filled out my first security questionnaire and was 716 00:36:16,200 --> 00:36:18,100 informed that my involvement with left-wing groups 717 00:36:18,110 --> 00:36:20,020 would not prove a lie to my working on the atomic program. 718 00:36:20,050 --> 00:36:24,000 Why were his communist associations not 719 00:36:24,000 --> 00:36:25,000 seen as a security rescue during the war? 720 00:36:25,600 --> 00:36:28,000 Senator, I can't possibly answer for a security 721 00:36:28,000 --> 00:36:29,000 clearance Grant years before I ever met him. 722 00:36:30,600 --> 00:36:33,000 What? What about now? 723 00:36:34,900 --> 00:36:36,890 After the war, Dr. Oppenheimer was the most respected scientific voice in the world. 724 00:36:36,900 --> 00:36:39,000 That's why I asked him to join the Institute. 725 00:36:39,650 --> 00:36:44,000 That's why he advised the Atomic Energy Commission. 726 00:36:45,300 --> 00:36:47,000 So who's that? 727 00:36:48,200 --> 00:36:51,000 Really accusing me of it. 728 00:36:54,220 --> 00:36:55,000 I think they just want to know what happened between 1947 and 729 00:36:55,000 --> 00:36:57,000 1954 to change your mind on Oppenheimer's security clearance. 730 00:36:57,820 --> 00:36:59,850 I didn't. I was chair of 731 00:36:59,870 --> 00:37:02,000 the AEC, but it wasn't 732 00:37:02,150 --> 00:37:04,000 me that brought the charges against Robert. 733 00:37:04,000 --> 00:37:05,000 Who did? 734 00:37:06,250 --> 00:37:12,000 I'm a former staff member of the Joint Congressional 735 00:37:12,000 --> 00:37:15,040 Committee. There's a rabid anti-communist named Borton. 736 00:37:15,050 --> 00:37:18,000 He wrote to the FBI demanding they take action. 737 00:37:18,000 --> 00:37:22,000 FBI wouldn't go to the AEC, Rick. 738 00:37:22,150 --> 00:37:28,000 And get caught holding the knife yourself. 739 00:37:28,150 --> 00:37:30,640 Was it Borton having a son? 740 00:37:30,650 --> 00:37:33,000 This was the McCarthy era. 741 00:37:33,270 --> 00:37:35,000 People hounded out of jobs 742 00:37:35,300 --> 00:37:41,000 for him, and he had to rat him. 743 00:37:41,200 --> 00:37:43,430 Reading Oppenheimer's security file was caught on a 744 00:37:43,450 --> 00:37:46,000 minister's brother, sister, and 745 00:37:46,000 --> 00:37:47,000 the fiancé, best friend, wife. 746 00:37:47,000 --> 00:37:49,000 Before we even get to the ship on the AEC Institute. 747 00:37:49,550 --> 00:37:52,760 How would Borton have access to Oppenheimer's security file? 748 00:37:52,770 --> 00:37:56,000 Because somebody gave it to him. 749 00:37:56,270 --> 00:37:59,770 Somebody would look at Robert's silence too. 750 00:37:59,780 --> 00:38:03,000 Who? 751 00:38:03,000 --> 00:38:04,000 Who knows. Robert didn't take care not to upset the power brokers in Washington. 752 00:38:04,050 --> 00:38:06,440 His opinions on the 753 00:38:06,450 --> 00:38:09,000 atom became definitive. 754 00:38:09,000 --> 00:38:12,000 And he wasn't always patient with us mere mortals. 755 00:38:12,000 --> 00:38:14,000 I came in for plenty of harsh treatment. 756 00:38:14,050 --> 00:38:17,000 There was an AEC vote on the export of isotopes to Norway. 757 00:38:17,000 --> 00:38:19,000 And they drafted it, Robert, 758 00:38:19,250 --> 00:38:21,000 to make me look like a fool. 759 00:38:21,500 --> 00:38:26,000 But, Dr. Oppenheimer, we've already heard from Admiral Stross that these 760 00:38:26,000 --> 00:38:28,690 isotopes could be useful to our enemies in the production of atomic weapons. 761 00:38:28,700 --> 00:38:32,000 Countess Menyuk used a shuttle to make atomic weapons. 762 00:38:32,470 --> 00:38:35,000 And what did you do? 763 00:38:35,000 --> 00:38:38,000 You could use a bottle of beer to make atomic weapons. 764 00:38:38,000 --> 00:38:41,000 In fact, you knew. 765 00:38:41,000 --> 00:38:44,000 I'd say isotopes are less useful than electronic 766 00:38:44,000 --> 00:38:45,000 weapons, but more useful than a sandwich. 767 00:38:45,500 --> 00:38:50,000 Genius is no guarantee of wisdom. 768 00:38:50,350 --> 00:38:53,000 Look at this man who saw so much of me so blind. 769 00:38:53,150 --> 00:38:56,000 Kitty? 770 00:38:59,400 --> 00:39:02,000 Kitty? 771 00:39:02,000 --> 00:39:07,000 Kitty? 772 00:39:07,000 --> 00:39:10,000 Roger. 773 00:39:10,300 --> 00:39:14,030 I'm in. 774 00:39:14,040 --> 00:39:18,000 I'm in. 775 00:39:18,000 --> 00:39:21,000 Let's celebrate. 776 00:39:21,000 --> 00:39:22,000 Shouldn't you go, huh? 777 00:39:22,000 --> 00:39:25,000 I have been calling to him all fucking day. 778 00:39:25,000 --> 00:39:26,000 I don't know how to say this. 779 00:39:26,000 --> 00:39:29,220 I'm ashamed to ask. 780 00:39:29,230 --> 00:39:32,000 Anything? 781 00:39:32,150 --> 00:39:38,000 Take Peter. 782 00:39:39,000 --> 00:39:41,000 Sure. 783 00:39:41,000 --> 00:39:51,000 I've known for a while, Hulk. 784 00:39:51,000 --> 00:39:52,000 A while. 785 00:39:52,050 --> 00:39:57,000 Does Kitty know you? 786 00:39:57,000 --> 00:39:58,000 Yes, of course she knows. 787 00:39:58,000 --> 00:40:00,000 Of course she knows. 788 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:01,000 We're awful people. 789 00:40:01,000 --> 00:40:02,000 Selfish, awful people. 790 00:40:02,000 --> 00:40:03,000 Forget I asked. 791 00:40:03,000 --> 00:40:04,000 Selfish, awful people. 792 00:40:04,000 --> 00:40:05,000 They don't know. 793 00:40:05,000 --> 00:40:06,000 They're selfish and awful. 794 00:40:06,000 --> 00:40:07,000 Sit, sit, sit. 795 00:40:07,000 --> 00:40:13,000 Robert, you see beyond the world we live in. 796 00:40:13,000 --> 00:40:15,000 There is a price to be paid for that. 797 00:40:15,500 --> 00:40:20,000 Of course we'll help you. 798 00:40:20,000 --> 00:40:23,000 Everything's changing, Robert. 799 00:40:23,050 --> 00:40:49,000 Harry child was always going to change. 800 00:40:49,000 --> 00:40:51,000 The world is pivoting in some new direction. 801 00:40:51,250 --> 00:40:53,000 Reforming. 802 00:40:53,950 --> 00:40:55,000 This is your moment. 803 00:40:55,000 --> 00:40:56,000 We're putting together a group to study. 804 00:40:56,000 --> 00:40:57,000 We should be doing anything. 805 00:40:58,270 --> 00:41:00,000 You should. 806 00:41:00,000 --> 00:41:01,000 Lawrence won't get this done. 807 00:41:03,900 --> 00:41:05,000 We're told, Monor Ravi, you will. 808 00:41:05,000 --> 00:41:07,000 Who are the unicorns? 809 00:41:07,850 --> 00:41:09,000 I thought you might have them. 810 00:41:10,100 --> 00:41:11,100 Roger, Robert, I'm Colonel Brooks. 811 00:41:11,520 --> 00:41:13,000 This is Lieutenant Colonel Nichols. 812 00:41:13,000 --> 00:41:15,000 Have that drag link. 813 00:41:15,150 --> 00:41:17,000 That's how you treat Lieutenant Colonel. 814 00:41:17,150 --> 00:41:19,000 I came to see how you treat a humble, this is his son. 815 00:41:19,750 --> 00:41:21,000 If I ever meet one, I'll let you know. 816 00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:24,000 How much? 817 00:41:24,120 --> 00:41:30,000 Theaters of combat all over the world. 818 00:41:30,000 --> 00:41:32,000 But I have to stay in Washington. 819 00:41:32,750 --> 00:41:34,000 Why? 820 00:41:34,000 --> 00:41:45,000 I built the Pentagon. 821 00:41:45,000 --> 00:41:47,000 Nebraska likes it so much they made me take over the Manhattan Engineer District. 822 00:41:47,000 --> 00:41:49,000 Which is? 823 00:41:49,050 --> 00:41:53,000 Whatever. 824 00:41:53,850 --> 00:41:57,000 Biggest smartass. 825 00:41:57,850 --> 00:42:00,000 You know damn well what it is. 826 00:42:00,450 --> 00:42:02,000 You and half of every physics 827 00:42:02,000 --> 00:42:04,000 department across the country. 828 00:42:04,100 --> 00:42:05,100 That's problem number one. 829 00:42:05,650 --> 00:42:07,000 I thought problem number one would be securing enough uranium ore. 830 00:42:07,850 --> 00:42:10,000 1200 tons. 831 00:42:16,700 --> 00:42:19,000 Bought the day I took charge. 832 00:42:19,250 --> 00:42:21,000 Processing? 833 00:42:21,550 --> 00:42:24,000 Just broke ground at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. 834 00:42:24,850 --> 00:42:29,000 Now I'm looking for a project director. 835 00:42:29,100 --> 00:42:31,000 And my name came up. 836 00:42:31,400 --> 00:42:34,000 Nope. 837 00:42:38,000 --> 00:42:41,000 Even though you brought quantum 838 00:42:41,320 --> 00:42:44,000 physics to America, which made me curious. 839 00:42:44,000 --> 00:42:47,000 What have you found out? 840 00:42:47,000 --> 00:42:48,000 You're a dilettante, a womanizer, 841 00:42:48,000 --> 00:42:50,000 a suspected communist. 842 00:42:50,200 --> 00:42:52,000 I'm a New Deal Democrat. 843 00:42:52,000 --> 00:42:53,000 I said suspected. 844 00:42:53,000 --> 00:42:54,000 Unstable, theatrical, 845 00:42:54,300 --> 00:42:59,000 egotistical, neurotic. 846 00:42:59,000 --> 00:43:00,000 Nothing good. 847 00:43:00,000 --> 00:43:01,000 No, not even he's brilliant. 848 00:43:01,000 --> 00:43:02,000 But brilliance is taken for granted in your circle. 849 00:43:02,700 --> 00:43:04,000 So no. 850 00:43:04,000 --> 00:43:06,070 The only person who had anything 851 00:43:06,100 --> 00:43:08,000 good to say was Richard Tolman. 852 00:43:08,150 --> 00:43:11,000 Tolman thinks you have integrity. 853 00:43:11,000 --> 00:43:12,000 But he also strikes me as a guy who knows more about science than people. 854 00:43:12,070 --> 00:43:14,000 And here you are. 855 00:43:14,000 --> 00:43:15,000 You don't take much of trust. 856 00:43:15,250 --> 00:43:18,000 I don't take anything on trust. 857 00:43:18,300 --> 00:43:21,000 Why don't you have a Nobel Prize? 858 00:43:21,000 --> 00:43:22,000 Why aren't you a general? 859 00:43:22,650 --> 00:43:24,000 They're making me one for this. 860 00:43:24,350 --> 00:43:28,000 Perhaps I'll have the same luck. 861 00:43:28,970 --> 00:43:30,000 A Nobel Prize for making a bomb? 862 00:43:31,000 --> 00:43:34,000 I'll put a Nobel in meant a dynamite. 863 00:43:34,100 --> 00:43:36,000 So how would you proceed? 864 00:43:36,000 --> 00:43:37,000 You're talking about 865 00:43:37,900 --> 00:43:42,000 turning theory into a 866 00:43:42,050 --> 00:43:43,000 practical weapon system faster than the Nazis. 867 00:43:43,000 --> 00:43:44,000 We have a 12-month head start. 868 00:43:44,000 --> 00:43:47,000 18. 869 00:43:47,000 --> 00:43:48,000 How could you possibly know that? 870 00:43:48,500 --> 00:43:51,060 Our fast neutron research took six months. 871 00:43:52,200 --> 00:43:54,000 The man they want doubted to put in charge would have made that leap instantly. 872 00:43:54,100 --> 00:43:58,000 Who do you think they put in charge? 873 00:43:59,200 --> 00:44:00,200 Bernard Heisenberg. 874 00:44:01,050 --> 00:44:02,000 He is the most intuitive understanding of atomic structure I have ever seen. 875 00:44:02,000 --> 00:44:04,000 You know his work. 876 00:44:08,350 --> 00:44:10,000 I know him just 877 00:44:10,000 --> 00:44:11,000 like I know Walter. 878 00:44:11,000 --> 00:44:12,000 Both of us, Isaac and Diebner, in 879 00:44:12,000 --> 00:44:13,000 his straight race, the Germans win. 880 00:44:13,000 --> 00:44:15,000 We've got one hope, which is... anti-Semitism. 881 00:44:15,000 --> 00:44:17,000 What Hitler called quantum physics Jewish science, right to Einstein's face, 882 00:44:20,200 --> 00:44:21,200 our one hope is that Hitler is so blinded by 883 00:44:23,350 --> 00:44:26,030 hate that he's denied Heisenberg proper resources 884 00:44:26,040 --> 00:44:29,000 because it'll take vast resources. 885 00:44:29,100 --> 00:44:32,000 Our nation's best scientists working together right now, 886 00:44:32,000 --> 00:44:33,000 they're scattered, which gives us compartmentalization. 887 00:44:33,000 --> 00:44:34,000 All minds have to see the 888 00:44:34,000 --> 00:44:36,000 whole task to contribute efficiently. 889 00:44:36,000 --> 00:44:39,000 Poor security may, cause us the race inefficiency, will. 890 00:44:39,000 --> 00:44:40,000 The Germans know more than us anyway. 891 00:44:40,000 --> 00:44:41,000 The Russians don't. 892 00:44:41,200 --> 00:44:45,000 Remind me, who are we at war with? 893 00:44:45,000 --> 00:44:46,000 Somebody with your past doesn't want to be seen downplaying 894 00:44:46,000 --> 00:44:48,000 the importance of security 895 00:44:48,000 --> 00:44:52,000 from our communist allies. 896 00:44:52,050 --> 00:44:56,000 We're taking, but no. 897 00:44:58,300 --> 00:45:03,000 You don't get to say no to me. 898 00:45:03,000 --> 00:45:05,350 My job say no to you and you're wrong. 899 00:45:05,360 --> 00:45:08,000 So you have the job now? 900 00:45:08,150 --> 00:45:10,000 I'm considering it. 901 00:45:10,750 --> 00:45:13,020 I'm starting to see where you got your reputation. 902 00:45:13,050 --> 00:45:15,000 My favorite response, Oppenheimer couldn't run a hamburger stand. 903 00:45:15,550 --> 00:45:18,000 I couldn't. 904 00:45:18,000 --> 00:45:22,000 But I can run the 905 00:45:23,000 --> 00:45:24,480 Manhattan Project. 906 00:45:24,850 --> 00:45:26,000 Just a way to balance those things. 907 00:45:27,700 --> 00:45:30,000 Keep the right lab here in Berkeley under Lawrence. 908 00:45:30,000 --> 00:45:33,670 Met lab in Chicago under some of the large scale of finding wordages in Tennessee. 909 00:45:33,680 --> 00:45:37,000 And Hanford. 910 00:45:37,000 --> 00:45:40,000 And Hanford. 911 00:45:40,150 --> 00:45:42,000 All Americas, industrial, mining, 912 00:45:42,650 --> 00:45:45,000 scientific innovation, connected 913 00:45:45,500 --> 00:45:47,000 by a rail, focused on one goal, one point in space and time. 914 00:45:47,050 --> 00:45:49,000 And it comes together here. 915 00:45:51,920 --> 00:45:54,000 A secret laboratory in the middle of nowhere. 916 00:45:55,470 --> 00:46:00,000 Secure, self-sufficient, equipment housing works. 917 00:46:01,950 --> 00:46:03,000 Keep everyone there until it's done. 918 00:46:05,050 --> 00:46:07,000 They'll need a school, a store, or a church. 919 00:46:08,350 --> 00:46:10,000 Why? 920 00:46:10,250 --> 00:46:14,000 If we don't let scientists bring their families, we'll never get the best. 921 00:46:14,000 --> 00:46:19,000 And you want security built in town? 922 00:46:19,000 --> 00:46:20,000 Build it fast. 923 00:46:20,000 --> 00:46:21,000 Where? 924 00:46:21,000 --> 00:46:25,170 Welcome to Los Alamos. 925 00:46:25,190 --> 00:46:29,000 There's a boy school that will have two of the common 926 00:46:29,000 --> 00:46:31,000 gear and the local Indians can prepare for buried rights. 927 00:46:31,000 --> 00:46:33,000 But from that, nothing. 928 00:46:33,000 --> 00:46:36,000 40 miles in any direction. 929 00:46:36,000 --> 00:46:38,000 I have to find the perfect spot for success. 930 00:46:38,000 --> 00:46:40,000 Build the town fast. 931 00:46:40,000 --> 00:46:41,000 Let's go recruit some scientists. 932 00:46:41,000 --> 00:46:44,000 Why would I need my family? 933 00:46:44,000 --> 00:46:46,000 I told you, you can bring your family. 934 00:46:46,000 --> 00:46:47,000 I'm not a soldier. 935 00:46:47,000 --> 00:46:48,000 I'm a soldier. 936 00:46:48,000 --> 00:46:52,000 This is general. 937 00:46:52,000 --> 00:46:54,000 I've got all the soldier I need. 938 00:46:54,000 --> 00:46:55,910 What can I tell? 939 00:46:55,920 --> 00:46:58,000 How's it looking? 940 00:46:58,000 --> 00:47:00,000 Didn't you? 941 00:47:00,000 --> 00:47:02,000 Both of them bored. 942 00:47:02,000 --> 00:47:06,000 What do these men have in common? 943 00:47:06,000 --> 00:47:11,000 The greatest minds on atomic theory. 944 00:47:11,000 --> 00:47:14,000 Do you understand? 945 00:47:15,000 --> 00:47:18,000 As much as you like. 946 00:47:18,000 --> 00:47:19,000 Do you feel my food on your balls, sir? 947 00:47:19,000 --> 00:47:21,000 You know isotopes and you know explosives better than anyone in the world. 948 00:47:21,000 --> 00:47:22,000 But you can't tell us what you're doing. 949 00:47:22,000 --> 00:47:24,000 I don't know Nazis to have them. 950 00:47:24,000 --> 00:47:25,000 The news boys in Copenhagen under Nazi occupation. 951 00:47:25,000 --> 00:47:27,000 Did they stop printing newspapers in Princeton? 952 00:47:27,000 --> 00:47:28,000 Why would we go to the middle of nowhere for who knows how long? 953 00:47:28,000 --> 00:47:29,000 For a year or two or three. 954 00:47:29,000 --> 00:47:30,000 Imagine the country. 955 00:47:30,000 --> 00:47:31,000 Give us a moment. 956 00:47:31,000 --> 00:47:32,000 It's about unleashing the strong force. 957 00:47:32,000 --> 00:47:34,000 Before the Nazis don't. 958 00:47:34,000 --> 00:47:35,000 My God. 959 00:47:35,000 --> 00:47:38,000 The hills won't work for the Nazis. 960 00:47:38,000 --> 00:47:41,000 No, never. 961 00:47:41,000 --> 00:47:45,000 They have them. 962 00:47:45,000 --> 00:47:47,000 We don't. 963 00:47:47,000 --> 00:47:53,000 That's why I need you. 964 00:47:53,000 --> 00:47:55,000 Why would you think I'd do that? 965 00:47:55,000 --> 00:47:57,000 Why? 966 00:47:57,000 --> 00:48:01,000 Why? 967 00:48:01,000 --> 00:48:04,000 How about because this is the most important fucking 968 00:48:04,000 --> 00:48:06,000 thing that ever happened 969 00:48:06,000 --> 00:48:08,000 in the history of the world? 970 00:48:08,000 --> 00:48:12,000 How about that? 971 00:48:12,000 --> 00:48:14,000 I don't think I'd. 972 00:48:14,000 --> 00:48:16,000 I don't think I'd. 973 00:48:16,000 --> 00:48:17,000 They're not going to let me out of this project. 974 00:48:17,000 --> 00:48:18,000 And failing a security check is not going to be good for a career even after the war. 975 00:48:18,000 --> 00:48:19,000 So you're a fellow traveler. 976 00:48:19,000 --> 00:48:20,000 Someone. 977 00:48:20,000 --> 00:48:22,000 This is a national emergency. 978 00:48:22,000 --> 00:48:24,000 I've got some skeletons. 979 00:48:24,000 --> 00:48:25,000 They put me in charge. 980 00:48:25,000 --> 00:48:26,000 They need us. 981 00:48:26,000 --> 00:48:27,960 Until they don't. 982 00:48:27,980 --> 00:48:30,000 Is there any chance of getting bored out of Denmark? 983 00:48:30,000 --> 00:48:31,000 Yeah, no dice. 984 00:48:31,000 --> 00:48:32,000 I checked with the British. 985 00:48:32,000 --> 00:48:33,000 Until we get Allied boots back onto the continent, there's just no way. 986 00:48:33,000 --> 00:48:40,000 Is he that important? 987 00:48:40,200 --> 00:48:45,000 How many people do you know of true dance time, Paul? 988 00:48:45,000 --> 00:48:47,000 It really would be 989 00:48:47,000 --> 00:48:48,000 quicker to take a plane. 990 00:48:48,000 --> 00:48:50,000 No, a plane's too risky. 991 00:48:50,000 --> 00:48:51,000 The country needs us. 992 00:48:51,000 --> 00:48:52,000 Papa, guys, this ain't a building. 993 00:48:52,300 --> 00:48:54,000 This is all for the cyclotron. 994 00:48:54,000 --> 00:48:55,000 Count together the architects. 995 00:48:55,000 --> 00:49:01,000 When's this place supposed to open? 996 00:49:01,000 --> 00:49:03,000 Two months. 997 00:49:03,020 --> 00:49:05,000 Robin, you're the great improviser, but this... it can't do in your head. 998 00:49:05,000 --> 00:49:09,000 Four emissions. 999 00:49:09,900 --> 00:49:11,000 Experimental. 1000 00:49:11,050 --> 00:49:15,000 Theoretical. 1001 00:49:15,650 --> 00:49:17,020 Memoir journal. 1002 00:49:17,050 --> 00:49:19,000 Overrunning theoretical. 1003 00:49:19,000 --> 00:49:21,000 I am? 1004 00:49:21,150 --> 00:49:26,000 That's what I was afraid of. 1005 00:49:26,000 --> 00:49:28,000 You spread too thin. 1006 00:49:30,000 --> 00:49:32,000 So you take theoretical. 1007 00:49:33,150 --> 00:49:37,000 I'm not coming here, Robin. 1008 00:49:37,050 --> 00:49:41,000 Why not? 1009 00:49:42,200 --> 00:49:48,000 You drop a bomb and it falls on the just and the unjust. 1010 00:49:48,150 --> 00:49:51,000 I don't wish the culmination of three centuries 1011 00:49:51,000 --> 00:49:53,000 of physics to be a weapon of mass destruction. 1012 00:49:53,000 --> 00:49:54,000 Is he? 1013 00:49:54,100 --> 00:49:55,000 I don't know if we can be trusted with such a weapon. 1014 00:49:55,000 --> 00:49:56,000 But I know the Nazis can't. 1015 00:49:56,000 --> 00:49:57,000 We have no choice. 1016 00:49:57,000 --> 00:49:59,000 The second thing you have to do is appoint 1017 00:49:59,450 --> 00:50:01,000 Holmes Bethe to run the theoretical division. 1018 00:50:01,550 --> 00:50:04,000 Ray, what was the first... Take off that ridiculous uniform. 1019 00:50:04,600 --> 00:50:09,000 You're a scientist. 1020 00:50:10,000 --> 00:50:16,000 Groves is insisting we join. 1021 00:50:20,100 --> 00:50:27,000 Tell Groves to go shit in his hat. 1022 00:50:28,050 --> 00:50:30,540 They need us for who we are. 1023 00:50:30,550 --> 00:50:33,000 So be yourself. 1024 00:50:40,950 --> 00:50:44,000 And the better. 1025 00:50:44,200 --> 00:50:49,000 This is the only key. 1026 00:50:50,450 --> 00:50:53,000 And tellers are already here. 1027 00:50:57,400 --> 00:50:59,000 Can I just show him in? 1028 00:51:00,800 --> 00:51:04,740 No, let's wait for the others. 1029 00:51:04,750 --> 00:51:09,000 Let's get started. 1030 00:51:10,250 --> 00:51:15,000 On the right. 1031 00:51:15,000 --> 00:51:16,000 Yes, gentlemen. 1032 00:51:16,000 --> 00:51:18,000 So we will work here until the 1033 00:51:18,000 --> 00:51:20,000 T-section at Los Alamos is finished. 1034 00:51:20,000 --> 00:51:22,000 Edward, can I? 1035 00:51:22,700 --> 00:51:24,000 It is more important. 1036 00:51:24,400 --> 00:51:26,000 Can I calculate the chain reaction? 1037 00:51:26,000 --> 00:51:55,000 I found a rather troubling possibility. 1038 00:51:55,000 --> 00:52:05,000 No, but this can't be a lie. 1039 00:52:05,000 --> 00:52:07,000 Show me how you did your population. 1040 00:52:07,000 --> 00:52:09,000 Yes. 1041 00:52:09,000 --> 00:52:10,000 This is fantasy. 1042 00:52:10,000 --> 00:52:12,000 Tellers calculations can't be right. 1043 00:52:12,000 --> 00:52:21,000 Do you know, sir, 1044 00:52:21,000 --> 00:52:23,000 what I got at Princeton? 1045 00:52:23,000 --> 00:52:25,000 What for? 1046 00:52:25,250 --> 00:52:30,000 I talked to Einstein. 1047 00:52:30,000 --> 00:52:31,000 Well, there's not much comment on the truth at all. 1048 00:52:31,000 --> 00:52:33,000 That's why I should get his view. 1049 00:52:34,300 --> 00:52:36,000 Albert. 1050 00:52:36,470 --> 00:52:39,000 No, Dr. Albert Heidman. 1051 00:52:39,450 --> 00:52:42,000 How have you met Dr. Gert? 1052 00:52:42,000 --> 00:52:44,000 We walk here most days. 1053 00:52:44,000 --> 00:52:46,000 Things are the most inspiring structures. 1054 00:52:49,000 --> 00:52:55,000 Albert, I have a word. 1055 00:52:56,220 --> 00:52:57,000 No, of course. 1056 00:52:57,000 --> 00:52:59,000 Just read. 1057 00:53:00,400 --> 00:53:02,000 Some days, he refuses to read. 1058 00:53:02,000 --> 00:53:03,000 Even in Princeton, he's convinced that the Nazis can poison his food. 1059 00:53:03,000 --> 00:53:04,000 Whose world is this? 1060 00:53:04,170 --> 00:53:06,210 Tellers. 1061 00:53:07,050 --> 00:53:08,000 What do you take it to mean? 1062 00:53:08,000 --> 00:53:13,000 Entrance, smash into nucleus, release me. 1063 00:53:13,700 --> 00:53:15,000 Entrance, smash into other nuclei. 1064 00:53:15,450 --> 00:53:18,000 Criticality, what do no return massive explosive force can do? 1065 00:53:18,120 --> 00:53:20,000 It's time the chain reaction doesn't stop. 1066 00:53:20,000 --> 00:53:22,000 It would ignite the atmosphere. 1067 00:53:22,000 --> 00:53:26,000 We detonate an atomic 1068 00:53:26,150 --> 00:53:28,000 device, we might start 1069 00:53:28,700 --> 00:53:30,000 a chain reaction that destroys the world. 1070 00:53:30,000 --> 00:53:32,000 So here we are, huh? 1071 00:53:32,420 --> 00:53:35,000 Lost in your quantum world of 1072 00:53:35,200 --> 00:53:40,000 probabilities and leading certainty. 1073 00:53:41,350 --> 00:53:51,000 Can you run the calculations yourself? 1074 00:53:51,050 --> 00:53:54,000 No. 1075 00:53:54,050 --> 00:53:56,000 About the only thing you and I have in common is a disdain for mathematics. 1076 00:53:56,250 --> 00:53:59,000 Who's working on this in Berkeley? 1077 00:53:59,000 --> 00:54:02,000 Hans Beidman. 1078 00:54:02,000 --> 00:54:05,000 Well, you'll get to the truth. 1079 00:54:05,000 --> 00:54:09,000 And if the truth is catastrophic? 1080 00:54:09,000 --> 00:54:12,000 Then you stop and you share your findings with the Nazis. 1081 00:54:12,000 --> 00:54:16,000 So neither side 1082 00:54:16,000 --> 00:54:20,130 destroys the world. 1083 00:54:20,140 --> 00:54:24,000 Albert, 1084 00:54:24,000 --> 00:54:26,000 this is yours, not mine. 1085 00:54:26,000 --> 00:54:32,000 Tellers home, 1086 00:54:32,050 --> 00:54:34,000 he's home. 1087 00:54:34,000 --> 00:54:35,000 When you now tell us critical assumptions, there are any picture emerges. 1088 00:54:35,200 --> 00:54:40,000 Outline. 1089 00:54:40,000 --> 00:54:42,000 Chances are not before nuclear reaction are near zero. 1090 00:54:42,000 --> 00:54:43,000 Near zero? 1091 00:54:43,000 --> 00:54:47,000 Oh, this is good news. 1092 00:54:47,000 --> 00:54:50,000 Can you run them again? 1093 00:54:50,000 --> 00:54:55,000 No, you'll get the same answer. 1094 00:54:55,000 --> 00:55:01,000 Until we actually detonate 1095 00:55:01,050 --> 00:55:03,000 one of these things, 1096 00:55:03,600 --> 00:55:06,000 the best assurance 1097 00:55:06,250 --> 00:55:21,000 you're going to get is this. 1098 00:55:21,550 --> 00:55:23,000 Near zero. 1099 00:55:32,250 --> 00:55:36,000 The area will take you only so far. 1100 00:55:36,120 --> 00:55:38,000 Hello. 1101 00:55:38,200 --> 00:55:41,000 Hello. 1102 00:55:41,100 --> 00:55:43,000 We missed him. 1103 00:55:43,800 --> 00:55:47,000 You want to adopt? 1104 00:55:47,000 --> 00:55:48,000 She's kidding. 1105 00:55:48,850 --> 00:55:50,090 We wanted to see you. 1106 00:55:50,700 --> 00:55:52,370 What we left. 1107 00:55:52,380 --> 00:55:54,070 For parts unknown. 1108 00:55:54,100 --> 00:55:58,000 You know who I ran into the other day? 1109 00:55:58,350 --> 00:56:02,000 Eltonton. 1110 00:56:02,000 --> 00:56:03,000 Oh, McAllister Michelle. 1111 00:56:03,000 --> 00:56:04,000 Are you a new guy? 1112 00:56:04,000 --> 00:56:05,000 Yeah, the F.A.A.C.T guy. 1113 00:56:05,000 --> 00:56:06,000 He was moaning about how we're handling the war. 1114 00:56:06,000 --> 00:56:07,000 Also, lack of cooperation 1115 00:56:07,000 --> 00:56:08,000 with our allies. 1116 00:56:08,200 --> 00:56:09,200 Apparently, the government's not sharing any research with the Russians. 1117 00:56:09,750 --> 00:56:13,000 He said most scientists think the policy is stupid. 1118 00:56:13,250 --> 00:56:15,000 Yeah. 1119 00:56:15,550 --> 00:56:17,000 Yeah. 1120 00:56:17,000 --> 00:56:19,000 He mentioned that if anyone had 1121 00:56:19,200 --> 00:56:21,000 anything they wanted to pass on, 1122 00:56:21,000 --> 00:56:24,000 going around official channels, that he could help. 1123 00:56:24,750 --> 00:56:27,000 There would be treason. 1124 00:56:28,250 --> 00:56:32,000 Yes, of course. 1125 00:56:32,600 --> 00:56:37,000 I just thought you should know. 1126 00:56:37,450 --> 00:56:41,000 The bra is down. 1127 00:56:41,000 --> 00:56:45,000 We're at the martinis. 1128 00:56:45,000 --> 00:56:46,000 Coming right up. 1129 00:56:46,550 --> 00:56:51,000 Conversation entered there. 1130 00:56:51,400 --> 00:56:56,000 Nothing in our long-standing friendship would have led me to believe. 1131 00:56:57,000 --> 00:57:03,000 that Chevelia was actually 1132 00:57:04,150 --> 00:57:06,000 seeking information, 1133 00:57:06,150 --> 00:57:08,000 and I am certain that he had no idea of the work in which I was engaged. 1134 00:57:08,350 --> 00:57:11,000 It has long been clear to me that I should have reported this incident at once. 1135 00:57:12,500 --> 00:57:14,000 The Oppenheimer situation highlights the tension between scientists 1136 00:57:14,100 --> 00:57:16,000 and security apparatus in 1137 00:57:20,650 --> 00:57:22,000 hopes of learning how the 1138 00:57:22,850 --> 00:57:24,000 nominee handles such issues 1139 00:57:24,000 --> 00:57:27,000 during his time in the ABC. 1140 00:57:27,900 --> 00:57:30,000 We'll have a scientist appearing before the committee. 1141 00:57:30,750 --> 00:57:35,000 They're bringing them. 1142 00:57:40,150 --> 00:57:44,000 They haven't said? 1143 00:57:44,000 --> 00:57:49,000 Mr. Chairman, if I may, I'm nominated for Commerce Secretary. 1144 00:57:49,000 --> 00:57:53,000 Why? 1145 00:57:53,000 --> 00:57:55,000 To seek the opinion of scientists. 1146 00:57:55,000 --> 00:57:59,000 This is a cabinet post-table. 1147 00:57:59,000 --> 00:58:00,000 We seek a wide range of opinions. 1148 00:58:00,000 --> 00:58:01,000 I'd like to know the name of the scientists testifying. 1149 00:58:01,250 --> 00:58:05,000 I'd like the chance to cross-examine. 1150 00:58:05,000 --> 00:58:06,000 This is not a court. 1151 00:58:06,100 --> 00:58:08,000 Formality, huh? 1152 00:58:08,750 --> 00:58:10,000 No presidential cabinet nominee has failed to be confirmed since 1925. 1153 00:58:10,000 --> 00:58:13,000 This is just how the game is played. 1154 00:58:13,000 --> 00:58:15,120 It's in the bag, Lewis. So play nice. 1155 00:58:15,150 --> 00:58:17,000 They're bringing the scientists or what? 1156 00:58:17,820 --> 00:58:20,000 You don't know scientists like I do, Counselor. 1157 00:58:20,000 --> 00:58:21,000 They resent anyone of questions that 1158 00:58:21,000 --> 00:58:25,000 have judgement, especially for all of them. 1159 00:58:25,170 --> 00:58:27,000 I was chaired at the ABC. 1160 00:58:27,100 --> 00:58:30,000 I'm easy to blame for what happened wrong. 1161 00:58:30,750 --> 00:58:32,350 But we can't have the Senate 1162 00:58:32,750 --> 00:58:34,630 taking the scientific community. 1163 00:58:34,900 --> 00:58:38,000 It doesn't support you, sir. 1164 00:58:38,000 --> 00:58:40,000 Or should we have that? 1165 00:58:40,350 --> 00:58:42,000 So what? 1166 00:58:42,000 --> 00:58:44,000 An invasive. 1167 00:58:44,000 --> 00:58:46,000 I fought Oppenheimer in the U.S. one. 1168 00:58:46,000 --> 00:58:48,000 I don't think we need to go there. 1169 00:58:48,000 --> 00:58:49,000 Isn't there someone we can call who knows what really happened? 1170 00:58:49,250 --> 00:58:51,000 Tell her. 1171 00:58:51,600 --> 00:58:53,000 They'll make an impression. 1172 00:58:53,000 --> 00:58:55,000 Can you get the name of the scientists they've called? 1173 00:58:55,120 --> 00:58:57,000 Probably. 1174 00:58:57,000 --> 00:58:58,000 Find out if he was based in Chicago or Los Alamos during the war. 1175 00:58:58,000 --> 00:58:59,000 Why does that matter? 1176 00:58:59,000 --> 00:59:01,000 Well, if he was based in Chicago, they worked on their 1177 00:59:01,000 --> 00:59:02,000 silver to confirm he had not the cult of obvious. 1178 00:59:02,000 --> 00:59:05,000 Los Alamos. 1179 00:59:05,000 --> 00:59:06,000 Robert built that damn place. He was founder of air sheriff. 1180 00:59:06,000 --> 00:59:08,080 Honored him to one. 1181 00:59:08,090 --> 00:59:10,000 Oh, that means it's a salute. 1182 00:59:10,000 --> 00:59:11,000 There's no kitchen. 1183 00:59:11,750 --> 00:59:15,000 Billy. 1184 00:59:15,470 --> 00:59:17,000 What was that? 1185 00:59:17,050 --> 00:59:29,000 Barbed wire. 1186 00:59:29,000 --> 00:59:31,000 Guns. 1187 00:59:31,000 --> 01:00:00,000 Okay. 1188 01:00:00,000 --> 01:00:03,000 Burned war, Hans. 1189 01:00:03,000 --> 01:00:04,000 Halifax. 1190 01:00:04,500 --> 01:00:06,000 1917. 1191 01:00:06,000 --> 01:00:12,000 Carver ship carrying munitions explodes in the harbor. 1192 01:00:12,000 --> 01:00:14,000 A vast and sudden chemical reaction. 1193 01:00:14,000 --> 01:00:15,000 The biggest man-made explosion in history. 1194 01:00:15,000 --> 01:00:17,000 Now let's calculate how 1195 01:00:17,000 --> 01:00:21,000 much more destructive it would 1196 01:00:21,000 --> 01:00:22,000 have been if it were a nuclear and not a chemical reaction. 1197 01:00:22,000 --> 01:00:24,000 Expressing power in terms of tons of TNT. 1198 01:00:24,000 --> 01:00:27,000 But it would be Salsas. 1199 01:00:27,000 --> 01:00:29,000 Well then, kill all the tons. 1200 01:00:29,000 --> 01:00:32,000 Using U-235, the bomb will need a... 1201 01:00:32,000 --> 01:00:35,000 Sorry. 1202 01:00:35,000 --> 01:00:39,000 Gadget will need a 33-pound sphere about this size. 1203 01:00:39,150 --> 01:00:41,930 Or using plutonium, the 10-pound sphere. 1204 01:00:41,940 --> 01:00:45,000 Here's the amount of uranium Oakwood's refined all of last month. 1205 01:00:45,600 --> 01:00:48,000 And the Hanford plan made this month with Antonio. 1206 01:00:48,000 --> 01:00:50,000 Now, we can enrich these amounts. We need a way to detonate them. 1207 01:00:50,550 --> 01:00:53,000 Are we boring him, Edward? 1208 01:00:53,000 --> 01:00:57,000 A little bit, yes. 1209 01:00:57,200 --> 01:01:03,000 I asked why. 1210 01:01:03,100 --> 01:01:04,000 We all entered this through knowing efficient bomb was possible. 1211 01:01:04,000 --> 01:01:08,000 How about we leave it with something new? 1212 01:01:08,000 --> 01:01:13,000 Such as? 1213 01:01:13,050 --> 01:01:17,000 Instead of uranium or plutonium, we use hydrogen. 1214 01:01:17,120 --> 01:01:21,000 Heavy hydrogen. 1215 01:01:21,300 --> 01:01:24,000 Deuterium. You see, we compact the arms together 1216 01:01:24,120 --> 01:01:26,000 under great pressure to induce a fusion reaction. 1217 01:01:26,100 --> 01:01:31,000 And we'll get not kilotons, but megatons. 1218 01:01:31,150 --> 01:01:33,000 Okay, hang on, hang on. 1219 01:01:33,350 --> 01:01:35,000 So how do you generate enough force to fuse hydrogen atoms? 1220 01:01:35,000 --> 01:01:36,000 A small fish of gold. 1221 01:01:36,200 --> 01:01:40,000 Well, since we're going to need one anyway, we get back to business at hand. 1222 01:01:40,300 --> 01:01:42,000 The isotopes issue wasn't your most important 1223 01:01:42,550 --> 01:01:44,000 policy disagreement with Dr. Abenheimer. 1224 01:01:44,000 --> 01:01:48,000 It was the hydrogen bomb, wasn't it? 1225 01:01:48,250 --> 01:01:50,000 Colleagues, we agreed to 1226 01:01:50,250 --> 01:01:54,070 disagree and agreed many things. 1227 01:01:54,080 --> 01:01:58,000 And one of them was the need for a H-bond program. 1228 01:01:58,800 --> 01:02:03,000 Yes. 1229 01:02:03,650 --> 01:02:05,000 Banks, convenient and short notice. I can't believe it. 1230 01:02:05,650 --> 01:02:10,000 I know we are. Catch me up. 1231 01:02:10,650 --> 01:02:12,000 What do we know? 1232 01:02:12,750 --> 01:02:15,000 One of our B-29s over in the north of the Pacific has detected radiation. 1233 01:02:15,000 --> 01:02:19,000 Do we have the filter papers? 1234 01:02:19,000 --> 01:02:22,690 There's no doubt about what this is. 1235 01:02:22,700 --> 01:02:26,000 White House officers are down. 1236 01:02:26,000 --> 01:02:29,000 Wishful thinking, I'm afraid. 1237 01:02:29,400 --> 01:02:33,000 Are those the long-range detection filter papers? 1238 01:02:33,000 --> 01:02:37,000 It's an atomic test. 1239 01:02:37,000 --> 01:02:38,000 The Russians have a bomb. We're supposed to be years ahead of them, but... 1240 01:02:38,000 --> 01:02:44,000 What were you guys doing in Los Alamos with the security tank? 1241 01:02:44,000 --> 01:02:51,000 Of course it was. You weren't there. 1242 01:02:51,000 --> 01:02:56,000 Forgive me, Doctor. 1243 01:02:56,400 --> 01:02:59,000 But I was there. 1244 01:02:59,000 --> 01:03:00,000 We can now consider the actual mechanics of detonation. 1245 01:03:00,000 --> 01:03:04,000 Any ideas? 1246 01:03:04,200 --> 01:03:06,000 I call this shooting. Fire a 1247 01:03:06,100 --> 01:03:07,120 chunk of fissionable material 1248 01:03:07,150 --> 01:03:09,000 into a larger sphere with enough force to achieve criticality. 1249 01:03:09,000 --> 01:03:10,160 What do we think? Anyone? 1250 01:03:10,250 --> 01:03:13,000 I've been thinking about implosion. Explosives around 1251 01:03:13,100 --> 01:03:15,000 the sphere blast inwards, crushing the material. 1252 01:03:15,220 --> 01:03:18,000 I'd like to investigate that idea. 1253 01:03:18,750 --> 01:03:23,000 I'll talk to Ordnance. Okay, you blow things up. 1254 01:03:23,000 --> 01:03:27,000 Progress. 1255 01:03:27,050 --> 01:03:29,000 Nice to see you too. 1256 01:03:29,000 --> 01:03:31,000 Meet the British contingent. 1257 01:03:32,200 --> 01:03:34,000 It's Oppenheimer. 1258 01:03:34,020 --> 01:03:38,000 How about Suks? 1259 01:03:38,000 --> 01:03:39,000 How long have you been British? 1260 01:03:39,300 --> 01:03:43,010 Since Hitler told me I wasn't German. 1261 01:03:43,020 --> 01:03:47,000 Ah. Got a Mark in Los Alamos. 1262 01:03:47,000 --> 01:03:49,000 Suppose I'm running? 1263 01:03:49,150 --> 01:03:51,680 Far? Always running. 1264 01:03:51,690 --> 01:03:54,000 And that's a lot of ways we do support the staff. 1265 01:03:54,000 --> 01:03:56,000 Is that Mr. Silver? 1266 01:03:56,750 --> 01:03:59,000 Yes. I've offered jobs to all the lives of men, librarians, for computation. 1267 01:04:00,150 --> 01:04:01,000 We cut down on staff, keep families together. 1268 01:04:01,000 --> 01:04:03,000 Are these women qualified? 1269 01:04:03,020 --> 01:04:05,000 Don't be absurd. These 1270 01:04:05,000 --> 01:04:07,000 are some of the brightest minds in our community. 1271 01:04:07,000 --> 01:04:09,000 And they're already 1272 01:04:09,000 --> 01:04:11,000 security, cleared. 1273 01:04:11,050 --> 01:04:14,000 I've informed General Grills you're going to hold in 1274 01:04:14,000 --> 01:04:16,000 cross-deficient local 1275 01:04:16,150 --> 01:04:19,000 discussions on a nightly basis. 1276 01:04:19,000 --> 01:04:22,000 Shut them down. Compartmentalization is the key to maintaining security. 1277 01:04:22,000 --> 01:04:24,000 Only top men. Who presumably communicate with subordinates? 1278 01:04:24,070 --> 01:04:28,000 These men aren't stupid. They can be discreet. 1279 01:04:28,150 --> 01:04:30,000 I don't like it. You don't like anything enough for that to be a fair test. 1280 01:04:30,000 --> 01:04:31,980 Once a week. Top men only. 1281 01:04:32,000 --> 01:04:34,000 We'd like to bring my brother here. No. 1282 01:04:34,000 --> 01:04:36,000 I'm Nicholas. 1283 01:04:36,150 --> 01:04:38,080 I still have the nerve that my security clearance has been approved. 1284 01:04:38,090 --> 01:04:40,070 It has, and... Go to Chicago tomorrow. 1285 01:04:40,100 --> 01:04:44,000 No, you should wait. 1286 01:04:44,000 --> 01:04:47,000 You are aware that the Nazis have a two-year head start. 1287 01:04:47,000 --> 01:04:49,000 Doctor Albinheimer, the fact that your security 1288 01:04:49,000 --> 01:04:53,000 clearance is proving difficult 1289 01:04:55,850 --> 01:05:01,000 to obtain is not my fault. 1290 01:05:01,050 --> 01:05:04,000 It's yours. 1291 01:05:05,000 --> 01:05:07,000 It may not be your fault, 1292 01:05:07,450 --> 01:05:10,070 but it's your problem. 1293 01:05:10,100 --> 01:05:12,000 Because I'm going. 1294 01:05:12,500 --> 01:05:14,000 And how many people were in these, uh... open... discussions? 1295 01:05:14,000 --> 01:05:16,240 Too many compartmentalizations were supposed to be the protocol. 1296 01:05:16,550 --> 01:05:18,540 You're in the race against the Nazis. 1297 01:05:18,560 --> 01:05:21,000 No, the race is against the Soviets. 1298 01:05:21,000 --> 01:05:22,000 Not unless we started. 1299 01:05:22,000 --> 01:05:24,000 Robert, they just 1300 01:05:24,120 --> 01:05:26,000 fired the starting gun. 1301 01:05:26,000 --> 01:05:30,000 What's the nature of the price of their detonators? 1302 01:05:30,450 --> 01:05:33,000 Like the one you built at Los Alamos. 1303 01:05:33,000 --> 01:05:35,000 The Russians have a bomb. Truman needs to know what's next. 1304 01:05:35,200 --> 01:05:37,000 What's next? 1305 01:05:37,000 --> 01:05:38,000 Arms talks. Arms talks. 1306 01:05:38,000 --> 01:05:42,000 Obviously. 1307 01:05:42,050 --> 01:05:44,090 What other super does Truman even know about it? Do we prefam on that? 1308 01:05:44,200 --> 01:05:48,000 Not specifically. 1309 01:05:48,200 --> 01:05:51,000 We still don't know if 1310 01:05:51,000 --> 01:05:54,000 it had a hydrogen ops. 1311 01:05:54,000 --> 01:05:55,000 Technically feasible. 1312 01:05:55,200 --> 01:05:57,000 Right. My understanding is that the teller proposed it. 1313 01:05:57,050 --> 01:05:58,050 Yes. 1314 01:05:59,250 --> 01:06:03,000 Tellers designs have always been wildly 1315 01:06:03,400 --> 01:06:05,000 impractical. You'd have to deliver by ox cart. 1316 01:06:05,000 --> 01:06:07,000 Not airplane. 1317 01:06:07,000 --> 01:06:08,000 Not me. 1318 01:06:08,000 --> 01:06:10,000 Sir, Doctor Albinheimer. 1319 01:06:10,000 --> 01:06:11,000 Coming? 1320 01:06:11,000 --> 01:06:12,820 No. 1321 01:06:12,830 --> 01:06:15,000 Because if it can put us ahead again, the President 1322 01:06:15,750 --> 01:06:17,000 of the United States needs to know about it. 1323 01:06:17,050 --> 01:06:18,000 And if the Russians know about it already from 1324 01:06:18,000 --> 01:06:19,000 a spy at Los Alamos, then we gotta get going. 1325 01:06:19,000 --> 01:06:20,000 There's no proof there was a spy at Los Alamos. 1326 01:06:20,000 --> 01:06:22,000 Robert. 1327 01:06:25,100 --> 01:06:28,790 Put it under the football stadium. 1328 01:06:28,800 --> 01:06:32,000 It feels no use in the morning. 1329 01:06:32,300 --> 01:06:36,180 Just as well. 1330 01:06:36,190 --> 01:06:40,000 Poppy, time to firmie. 1331 01:06:40,000 --> 01:06:43,000 What was that? 1332 01:06:43,000 --> 01:06:44,000 My wedding. 1333 01:06:44,000 --> 01:06:51,000 Are you, you got a little town? 1334 01:06:51,000 --> 01:06:53,000 Yes. I'm at sea. 1335 01:06:53,000 --> 01:06:54,000 How could things trade in a place like that? Huh? 1336 01:06:55,000 --> 01:06:56,000 Everybody will go crazy. 1337 01:06:56,000 --> 01:06:58,000 Thank you for the thought 1338 01:06:58,000 --> 01:06:59,000 of confidence, Soled. 1339 01:06:59,000 --> 01:07:00,000 Do we really, do we really think that on the nose? 1340 01:07:00,000 --> 01:07:02,000 Are you gonna try it out? 1341 01:07:02,000 --> 01:07:04,000 We did. 1342 01:07:04,000 --> 01:07:08,000 Diverse, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction. 1343 01:07:08,000 --> 01:07:11,000 Any groups tell you? 1344 01:07:11,020 --> 01:07:14,000 Doctor Albinheimer? 1345 01:07:14,200 --> 01:07:18,000 I tried personnel. 1346 01:07:18,000 --> 01:07:21,000 I asked if I would type. 1347 01:07:21,000 --> 01:07:22,000 Can you? 1348 01:07:23,420 --> 01:07:26,000 Harvard forgot to teach that on the graduate chemistry course. 1349 01:07:26,000 --> 01:07:28,000 London, put us a sword here. 1350 01:07:28,000 --> 01:07:39,000 What the hell are you doing in Chicago? 1351 01:07:39,000 --> 01:07:41,000 Visiting the men. 1352 01:07:41,000 --> 01:07:43,000 Why? 1353 01:07:43,000 --> 01:07:44,000 You can't do it. 1354 01:07:44,000 --> 01:07:47,000 Why? 1355 01:07:49,000 --> 01:07:52,000 We have every right. 1356 01:07:52,000 --> 01:07:59,000 You have just the rights that I give you. 1357 01:07:59,000 --> 01:08:00,000 No more, no less. 1358 01:08:00,000 --> 01:08:01,000 We are adults trying to run a project here. 1359 01:08:01,000 --> 01:08:02,000 This is ridiculous. 1360 01:08:02,000 --> 01:08:03,000 Tell him. 1361 01:08:03,000 --> 01:08:04,000 Compartmentalization is the protocol we agreed to. 1362 01:08:04,000 --> 01:08:06,000 Enough of this mad-ass where nobody can work under these conditions. 1363 01:08:06,350 --> 01:08:08,000 You know what? 1364 01:08:08,350 --> 01:08:10,070 General Lee Simo, I quit. 1365 01:08:10,150 --> 01:08:11,150 Thanks for nothing. 1366 01:08:12,100 --> 01:08:13,100 Better off without him. 1367 01:08:14,750 --> 01:08:17,000 Aren't you more concerned about his discretion out there? 1368 01:08:18,450 --> 01:08:21,000 We'll have him killed. 1369 01:08:21,000 --> 01:08:22,000 I'm just kidding. 1370 01:08:22,000 --> 01:08:25,000 It's me, not America. 1371 01:08:25,070 --> 01:08:27,000 You know General, not everyone has levers to pull like mine. 1372 01:08:29,850 --> 01:08:31,000 I don't think I understand. 1373 01:08:31,220 --> 01:08:35,000 You didn't hire me despite my left wind past. 1374 01:08:35,000 --> 01:08:37,000 You hired me because of it. 1375 01:08:37,000 --> 01:08:41,000 So you could control me. 1376 01:08:41,950 --> 01:08:43,000 No, I'm not that subtle. 1377 01:08:43,070 --> 01:08:47,000 I'm just a humble soldier. 1378 01:08:48,000 --> 01:08:49,080 You're neither humble nor just a soldier. 1379 01:08:49,650 --> 01:08:51,000 You studied engineering at MIT. 1380 01:08:51,000 --> 01:08:53,000 Guilty as charged. 1381 01:08:53,000 --> 01:08:55,000 Well now we understand each other. 1382 01:08:55,000 --> 01:08:58,000 Perhaps you can get me my security clearance so I can perform this miracle for you. 1383 01:08:58,000 --> 01:09:00,000 General Groves, were you aware of Dr. Oppenheimer's 1384 01:09:00,800 --> 01:09:02,000 left wing association is when you appointed him? 1385 01:09:02,000 --> 01:09:04,000 I was aware that there were suspicions about him. 1386 01:09:04,000 --> 01:09:05,000 I was aware he had a very extreme liberal background. 1387 01:09:05,950 --> 01:09:07,000 In your opinion, would he ever consciously commit a disloyal act? 1388 01:09:07,000 --> 01:09:10,320 I would be amazed if he did. 1389 01:09:16,400 --> 01:09:18,440 He had complete confidence in his integrity. 1390 01:09:18,460 --> 01:09:20,400 That was Alamos. 1391 01:09:20,470 --> 01:09:23,000 Yes, which is where I really knew him. 1392 01:09:23,000 --> 01:09:26,000 General, your security 1393 01:09:26,000 --> 01:09:29,000 officers on the project 1394 01:09:29,000 --> 01:09:31,000 advised you against the clearance of Dr. Oppenheimer. 1395 01:09:31,650 --> 01:09:34,000 They could not and would not clear him until I insisted. 1396 01:09:34,000 --> 01:09:35,000 And it's safe to say that you had pretty good 1397 01:09:35,350 --> 01:09:37,000 knowledge of Dr. Oppenheimer's security file. 1398 01:09:37,300 --> 01:09:39,470 I didn't. 1399 01:09:39,480 --> 01:09:42,000 Well, there's only really one question I answered here today. 1400 01:09:42,200 --> 01:09:46,000 In light of the current AEC guidelines, would you clear Dr. Oppenheimer today? 1401 01:09:46,200 --> 01:09:48,080 Do you have the guidelines? 1402 01:09:48,100 --> 01:09:50,000 Under current AEC guidelines, would 1403 01:09:50,050 --> 01:09:51,050 you clear Dr. Oppenheimer today? 1404 01:09:51,650 --> 01:09:54,090 Physics and New Mexico, huh? 1405 01:09:54,250 --> 01:09:58,000 My God. 1406 01:09:58,050 --> 01:10:00,000 What a trick. 1407 01:10:08,100 --> 01:10:13,000 That's why you need a liaison. 1408 01:10:13,000 --> 01:10:27,000 I'm appointing Lominance. 1409 01:10:27,400 --> 01:10:29,000 You're gonna be okay. 1410 01:10:29,000 --> 01:10:31,000 This way, gentlemen. 1411 01:10:31,000 --> 01:10:33,000 Got two hearts. 1412 01:10:33,000 --> 01:10:34,000 Ms. Lee, I'd like to remind you what we talked about in Berkeley. 1413 01:10:34,000 --> 01:10:36,000 Departmentalization, I understand completely. 1414 01:10:36,000 --> 01:10:37,000 I am here to update you on our progress and solicit your input. 1415 01:10:37,000 --> 01:10:49,000 To do so, I am going to have to share a few things that General Groves told me not to. 1416 01:10:49,000 --> 01:10:52,000 Sorry, General, I said I understood. 1417 01:10:52,000 --> 01:10:54,000 Not that I agreed. 1418 01:10:54,000 --> 01:11:11,000 Okay, gentlemen, business. 1419 01:11:11,000 --> 01:11:14,000 There were rumors of espionage, 1420 01:11:14,850 --> 01:11:19,000 unsubstantiated Los Alamos. 1421 01:11:19,750 --> 01:11:21,000 I'm told that there were communists on the project, knowingly involved. 1422 01:11:21,000 --> 01:11:22,000 I just want to know were any of them involved in discussions with the super? 1423 01:11:23,000 --> 01:11:26,000 I seem to remember you demanding your brother come to Los Alamos. 1424 01:11:26,100 --> 01:11:30,000 My brother had left the party by then. 1425 01:11:30,000 --> 01:11:34,000 What about Lominance? 1426 01:11:34,000 --> 01:11:38,000 Lominance was never employed at Los Alamos. 1427 01:11:38,220 --> 01:11:41,000 He was a liaison. 1428 01:11:41,000 --> 01:11:42,000 Our security was tight as former Colonel Nichols well known. 1429 01:11:42,000 --> 01:11:43,000 Our security was as 1430 01:11:44,000 --> 01:11:45,000 tight as it could be, given 1431 01:11:45,000 --> 01:11:47,000 the personalities involved, but attempts were made. 1432 01:11:47,050 --> 01:11:49,000 What is that supposed to mean? 1433 01:11:49,000 --> 01:11:52,000 We've all read his file here. 1434 01:11:52,000 --> 01:11:53,000 Do we need to talk about Gene Tatlock? 1435 01:11:53,750 --> 01:11:55,000 Or the Chevalier incident? 1436 01:11:55,000 --> 01:11:57,000 Excuse me. 1437 01:11:57,700 --> 01:12:00,000 One minute. Only one. 1438 01:12:01,050 --> 01:12:03,000 Hello, Rusty. 1439 01:12:03,000 --> 01:12:09,000 What? 1440 01:12:09,150 --> 01:12:11,000 Okay, just calm down. 1441 01:12:11,070 --> 01:12:13,000 Lominance just got drafted. 1442 01:12:13,250 --> 01:12:21,000 We are at war, Doctor. 1443 01:12:21,000 --> 01:12:22,000 Don't be an asshole, 1444 01:12:22,050 --> 01:12:24,000 Nichols. We need this kid. 1445 01:12:24,000 --> 01:12:27,000 Fix it, will you? 1446 01:12:27,000 --> 01:12:29,000 It wasn't a mistake. Your friend Lominance 1447 01:12:29,450 --> 01:12:31,000 has been trying to unionize the radiation lab. 1448 01:12:31,000 --> 01:12:33,000 You promised to quit all that. 1449 01:12:33,120 --> 01:12:34,960 Well, he hasn't. 1450 01:12:34,970 --> 01:12:37,000 Security officer at 1451 01:12:37,320 --> 01:12:39,000 Berkeley is concerned about 1452 01:12:39,000 --> 01:12:41,000 communist infiltration through that union to F.A. 1453 01:12:41,000 --> 01:12:43,430 F.A.C.D. 1454 01:12:43,440 --> 01:12:46,000 Well, I'm there next 1455 01:12:46,000 --> 01:12:48,000 week. I'll drop in to see him. 1456 01:12:50,300 --> 01:12:54,000 Your cue clearance came through. 1457 01:12:54,850 --> 01:12:58,000 It's important you not maintain or renew any questionable associations. 1458 01:13:01,170 --> 01:13:05,000 Doctor, did you think social contacts between a person 1459 01:13:09,870 --> 01:13:12,890 engaged on secret war work and communist was dangerous? 1460 01:13:12,900 --> 01:13:16,000 My awareness of the danger would be greater today. 1461 01:13:16,100 --> 01:13:20,000 It's fair to say that during the war years, you 1462 01:13:20,270 --> 01:13:23,000 felt that such contacts were potentially dangerous. 1463 01:13:23,020 --> 01:13:26,000 We're conceivably dangerous, huh? 1464 01:13:26,150 --> 01:13:35,000 Really? 1465 01:13:35,500 --> 01:13:37,000 No one communists. 1466 01:13:37,250 --> 01:13:39,000 Look. 1467 01:13:41,250 --> 01:13:43,000 I've had a lot of secrets in my head for a long time. 1468 01:13:44,170 --> 01:13:48,000 Doesn't matter who I associate with. I don't talk about those secrets. 1469 01:13:49,450 --> 01:13:54,000 You said in your statement that you had to see Gene Tatlock in 1943. 1470 01:13:55,250 --> 01:14:09,000 He left. 1471 01:14:10,400 --> 01:14:12,000 Not a word. What did you think that would do to me? 1472 01:14:13,500 --> 01:14:17,000 I wrote. 1473 01:14:17,000 --> 01:14:19,000 Pages of nothing. 1474 01:14:19,700 --> 01:14:21,000 Where did you go? 1475 01:14:24,250 --> 01:14:26,000 I can't tell you. 1476 01:14:26,000 --> 01:14:28,000 Why not? 1477 01:14:28,000 --> 01:14:29,000 Because you're a communist. 1478 01:14:29,400 --> 01:14:31,000 What did you have to see her? 1479 01:14:33,450 --> 01:14:35,000 She had indicated a great desire to see me before we left. 1480 01:14:35,650 --> 01:14:40,000 At that time I couldn't, but I felt that she had to see me. 1481 01:14:40,050 --> 01:14:44,000 She was undergoing psychiatric treatment. She was extremely unhappy. 1482 01:14:44,900 --> 01:14:49,000 Did you find out why she had to see you? 1483 01:14:49,250 --> 01:14:52,000 She was sitting there with me. 1484 01:14:54,400 --> 01:14:59,000 You spent the night together, didn't you? 1485 01:14:59,450 --> 01:15:09,000 Yes. 1486 01:15:10,000 --> 01:15:11,000 You drop in and out of my life, and you don't have to tell me why. 1487 01:15:11,000 --> 01:15:28,000 And that's power. 1488 01:15:28,000 --> 01:15:30,000 Not that I enjoy. 1489 01:15:30,750 --> 01:15:32,000 I'd rather be here for you as you need. 1490 01:15:33,450 --> 01:15:35,010 But you have other priorities now. 1491 01:15:36,950 --> 01:15:38,310 I have a wife and child. 1492 01:15:39,550 --> 01:15:41,000 That's not what either of us is talking about. 1493 01:15:42,800 --> 01:15:45,000 Gene, you asked me to come. 1494 01:15:50,950 --> 01:15:52,030 And I'm glad I did. 1495 01:15:53,050 --> 01:15:55,000 But I can't see you again. 1496 01:15:55,600 --> 01:15:57,000 But what if I need you? 1497 01:16:00,500 --> 01:16:02,000 You said you would always answer. 1498 01:16:06,000 --> 01:16:08,000 Is that a word? 1499 01:16:11,300 --> 01:16:12,300 Did you think that consistent with insecurity? As a matter of fact it was. 1500 01:16:13,200 --> 01:16:17,000 Not a word. 1501 01:16:17,050 --> 01:16:19,000 Well, did you see her after that? 1502 01:16:19,000 --> 01:16:22,000 I never saw her again. 1503 01:16:22,000 --> 01:16:32,000 Mm-hmm. 1504 01:16:33,000 --> 01:16:34,000 I can make the last 1505 01:16:34,520 --> 01:16:41,000 train back to Princeton. 1506 01:16:41,450 --> 01:16:44,000 I didn't say anything that I had already told you. 1507 01:16:44,000 --> 01:16:46,000 The day you said it to history, didn't you? 1508 01:16:46,400 --> 01:16:48,000 So close to you. 1509 01:16:48,000 --> 01:16:52,000 If they don't, we'll use the transcript and show you will. 1510 01:16:52,200 --> 01:16:53,000 I'll send her off. 1511 01:16:53,000 --> 01:16:56,000 Well, are you wondering after me when you left to see Gene? 1512 01:16:56,000 --> 01:17:00,000 No, you... You sit there. 1513 01:17:01,200 --> 01:17:05,000 Day after day, letting them pick our lives to pieces. 1514 01:17:05,000 --> 01:17:09,000 Why won't you fight? 1515 01:17:11,950 --> 01:17:16,000 Father, I'm not putting her out there. 1516 01:17:21,300 --> 01:17:24,000 Dr. Rama, it's an art. Please take a seat. 1517 01:17:24,300 --> 01:17:27,180 Maybe, um, I just wanted to check whether I should talk to 1518 01:17:27,200 --> 01:17:30,000 you in more minutes while I'm here, given your concerns. 1519 01:17:30,500 --> 01:17:33,000 I'd say that's really up to you, Professor, but I'd be cautious. 1520 01:17:33,000 --> 01:17:34,000 Understood. 1521 01:17:34,350 --> 01:17:37,160 Oh, and, um, as regards to Union, I wanted to 1522 01:17:37,170 --> 01:17:40,000 give you a heads up and a man named Eltonton. 1523 01:17:40,100 --> 01:17:41,100 A heads up? 1524 01:17:41,650 --> 01:17:45,000 Yes, just that he might be watching his own. 1525 01:17:46,850 --> 01:17:48,010 I'd love to get more details. 1526 01:17:49,200 --> 01:17:51,020 I have a point, but now and I'd leave early tomorrow. 1527 01:17:51,050 --> 01:17:55,000 I'll come back as early as you 1528 01:17:56,250 --> 01:17:57,000 like. Since you have the time now. 1529 01:17:57,000 --> 01:17:59,000 You went back the next morning. 1530 01:17:59,000 --> 01:18:00,000 I did, I had to. 1531 01:18:01,000 --> 01:18:02,280 Really? 1532 01:18:03,550 --> 01:18:05,000 This time there was another man. 1533 01:18:05,000 --> 01:18:06,000 He said his name was Pash. 1534 01:18:06,000 --> 01:18:08,000 Pash. 1535 01:18:08,000 --> 01:18:13,000 You met Colonel Pash. 1536 01:18:13,050 --> 01:18:16,790 Colonel Pash, would you please read from your memo dated June 29, 1943? 1537 01:18:16,800 --> 01:18:20,000 Results of surveillance conducted on subject indicate 1538 01:18:20,000 --> 01:18:22,870 further possible Communist Party connections. 1539 01:18:22,890 --> 01:18:26,000 Subject met with and spent considerable time with one 1540 01:18:26,000 --> 01:18:28,000 gene, Tatlock, Communist, the record of whom is attached. 1541 01:18:28,150 --> 01:18:29,000 The subject being Dr. Raupmanhunde. 1542 01:18:29,000 --> 01:18:31,000 Yes. 1543 01:18:31,000 --> 01:18:32,000 Whom you had not met. 1544 01:18:32,600 --> 01:18:35,000 Not that, but soon after. 1545 01:18:35,000 --> 01:18:37,000 He's the head of security for the project, shouldn't I know him? 1546 01:18:37,400 --> 01:18:39,000 No, he should know you. 1547 01:18:39,000 --> 01:18:40,000 I would never put you in a room with Pash. 1548 01:18:40,300 --> 01:18:44,720 Why not? 1549 01:18:44,740 --> 01:18:49,000 When Pash first heard about luminance, he told the FBI he was gonna kidnap 1550 01:18:49,000 --> 01:18:53,410 him, take him out on a boat, and interrogate him in the Russian manner. 1551 01:18:53,420 --> 01:18:57,000 General Groves has placed in me a certain responsibility, 1552 01:18:58,050 --> 01:19:00,000 and it's like having a child, and I can't see. 1553 01:19:00,800 --> 01:19:02,000 I have remote control. 1554 01:19:04,000 --> 01:19:06,000 So, we actually need you. 1555 01:19:06,350 --> 01:19:08,000 I won't take up too much of your time. 1556 01:19:09,050 --> 01:19:10,470 No, no, no. I will tell you the truth. 1557 01:19:10,490 --> 01:19:12,070 Mr. Johnson told me the conversation you 1558 01:19:12,100 --> 01:19:14,000 had yesterday, in which I'm very interested. 1559 01:19:14,650 --> 01:19:18,000 He said he worried all day. 1560 01:19:18,300 --> 01:19:21,570 Yes, I didn't want to talk to luminance without authorization. 1561 01:19:21,590 --> 01:19:25,000 That's not the particular 1562 01:19:25,000 --> 01:19:29,080 interest that I had, but it's 1563 01:19:29,090 --> 01:19:33,000 something a little bit more, uh, my opinion more serious. 1564 01:19:33,050 --> 01:19:37,000 Now, when the FBI pointed out that such 1565 01:19:37,000 --> 01:19:39,540 information wouldn't be admissible in court, 1566 01:19:39,550 --> 01:19:42,000 Pash made it clear he had no intention of leaving any witness left to prosecute. 1567 01:19:42,400 --> 01:19:48,220 Now, the FBI talked him down, but 1568 01:19:48,230 --> 01:19:54,000 that's the man you're dancing with. 1569 01:19:54,100 --> 01:19:57,000 Together, you've heard there are other parties 1570 01:19:58,350 --> 01:20:03,080 interested in the work of the radiation lab? 1571 01:20:03,090 --> 01:20:08,000 The man attached to the Soviet Council indicated, through intermediate legal, 1572 01:20:08,170 --> 01:20:11,000 to people on this project that he was in a position to transmit information. 1573 01:20:11,600 --> 01:20:13,000 Well, why would anyone on the project want to do that? 1574 01:20:13,020 --> 01:20:18,000 Frankly, I can see that there might be an argument for the Commander-in-Chief informing the 1575 01:20:18,000 --> 01:20:22,020 Russians there are allies, after all, but I don't like the idea of it going out the back door. 1576 01:20:22,030 --> 01:20:26,000 It might not hurt to be. I'm gonna look out for it. 1577 01:20:26,000 --> 01:20:29,000 And you said that to Pash? 1578 01:20:29,000 --> 01:20:32,080 I was trying to put it in the context of Russia's not Germany. 1579 01:20:32,090 --> 01:20:35,000 Ors Pash is the son of a Russian Orthodox bishop. Born here, 1580 01:20:35,750 --> 01:20:37,190 but in 1918 he went back to Russia to fight the Bolsheviks. 1581 01:20:40,300 --> 01:20:45,000 This is a man who has killed Communists with his own hands. 1582 01:20:45,850 --> 01:20:49,000 I'm not the judge of who should or should not have information. 1583 01:20:49,400 --> 01:20:55,000 It's my business to stop him from going through it legally. 1584 01:20:56,600 --> 01:20:59,000 Would you be a little more specific? 1585 01:20:59,000 --> 01:21:02,040 There's a man whose name was mentioned to me a couple of times. Eltonton. 1586 01:21:02,050 --> 01:21:05,000 I believe he's a chemist who works at Shell. 1587 01:21:05,250 --> 01:21:07,000 He talked to a friend of his who's an acquaintance of someone on the project. 1588 01:21:07,000 --> 01:21:10,000 And you thought that would be satisfying, then? 1589 01:21:10,000 --> 01:21:14,000 I was attempting to give them Eltonton without opening 1590 01:21:14,300 --> 01:21:16,810 a can of worms I told them a cock and ghost for you. 1591 01:21:16,820 --> 01:21:19,000 Do you let a general grow, too? 1592 01:21:19,000 --> 01:21:21,000 No. I admit it to him that I'd like to perish. 1593 01:21:21,300 --> 01:21:25,130 Do you recall his conversation about the Chevalier incident? 1594 01:21:25,150 --> 01:21:29,000 I've seen so many versions of it. I wasn't confused 1595 01:21:29,750 --> 01:21:34,000 before, but I'm certainly getting there now. 1596 01:21:34,700 --> 01:21:38,000 Then what was your conclusion? 1597 01:21:38,550 --> 01:21:41,000 That he was under the influence of the typical American schoolboy 1598 01:21:41,950 --> 01:21:45,000 attitude that there's something wicked about telling on a friend. 1599 01:21:45,450 --> 01:21:51,000 Oh, well. Might we know through when the contact is made? 1600 01:21:53,600 --> 01:22:00,000 That wouldn't involve people who are not involved in this. 1601 01:22:05,000 --> 01:22:09,080 Is that someone a member of the project? 1602 01:22:09,090 --> 01:22:13,000 A member of the faculty, yes, but not in the project. 1603 01:22:13,820 --> 01:22:17,000 So Eltonton made his approach through a member of the faculty here at Berkeley? 1604 01:22:17,000 --> 01:22:21,000 As far as I know, yes. There may have been more than one person involved. 1605 01:22:21,300 --> 01:22:25,000 If I seem uncooperative, I think you can understand it's because 1606 01:22:25,000 --> 01:22:27,000 of my insistence on not getting innocent people into trouble. 1607 01:22:27,000 --> 01:22:29,000 You're trying to protect your friend. Who's protecting you? 1608 01:22:29,000 --> 01:22:32,000 You could. If you gave me the name, you order me to. I'll do it. 1609 01:22:32,000 --> 01:22:33,000 That's a mistake, Robert. You need to volunteer this name. 1610 01:22:33,300 --> 01:22:35,000 Did he give you the name? 1611 01:22:35,000 --> 01:22:38,000 He did, but not that, did he? 1612 01:22:38,150 --> 01:22:42,000 No. No. In fact, it was some months later, wasn't it? 1613 01:22:42,000 --> 01:22:46,980 It wasn't. 1614 01:22:47,000 --> 01:22:52,000 You seem his persistence. 1615 01:22:52,200 --> 01:22:56,000 Well, you are... you are persistent, but that is your job. 1616 01:23:00,250 --> 01:23:04,630 And my job is to protect the people that work for me. 1617 01:23:04,650 --> 01:23:09,000 Instead of us going on certain steps, which may come to your attention, 1618 01:23:09,150 --> 01:23:14,000 and be disturbing to you, I would like to discuss those with you first. 1619 01:23:14,000 --> 01:23:15,360 And I'm formulating a plan. I'll just have to digest the whole thing. 1620 01:23:15,400 --> 01:23:18,000 In the months in between your interview with Dr. Oppenheimer and his eventual naming 1621 01:23:18,000 --> 01:23:19,000 of Chevalier, did you expend resources trying to find the name of the intermediary? 1622 01:23:19,000 --> 01:23:21,540 Considerable resources, yes. Without the name, our job was extremely difficult. 1623 01:23:21,550 --> 01:23:24,000 And when did you receive the name? 1624 01:23:24,000 --> 01:23:25,000 It was gone by the time Oppenheimer finally offered it up. 1625 01:23:26,050 --> 01:23:30,000 Gone? 1626 01:23:30,650 --> 01:23:38,000 They felt my time would be better spent in Europe, 1627 01:23:38,300 --> 01:23:42,000 determining the status of the Nazi bomb project. 1628 01:23:42,000 --> 01:23:43,000 Who did? 1629 01:23:43,000 --> 01:23:45,000 General Groves. He transferred me to London. 1630 01:23:55,000 --> 01:23:58,000 It's a little early for a Christmas party. 1631 01:23:58,000 --> 01:24:03,000 Something's up. I'm told it's been away. 1632 01:24:03,000 --> 01:24:07,000 Where? 1633 01:24:07,000 --> 01:24:09,000 Ruth's old town. 1634 01:24:09,000 --> 01:24:12,000 Come on, you'll think. Can't tell me who can you tell. 1635 01:24:12,000 --> 01:24:17,000 How about mentalization, I'll be. What makes you think I know where he is anyway? 1636 01:24:19,500 --> 01:24:26,000 Because you're doing a pretty good job of knowing what Mr. Dorman is when it comes. 1637 01:24:26,000 --> 01:24:32,000 Like now? 1638 01:24:32,000 --> 01:24:35,000 Attention! 1639 01:24:35,000 --> 01:24:38,000 Early Christmas present for you all. 1640 01:24:38,000 --> 01:24:40,000 The British pilot put me in the ball. They filled me the oxygen, but I messed it up. 1641 01:24:40,000 --> 01:24:44,000 When they opened me up in Scotland, I was unconscious. 1642 01:24:44,100 --> 01:24:49,000 But I pretended I'd been napping. 1643 01:24:49,350 --> 01:24:53,000 He's a choreo party. 1644 01:24:53,750 --> 01:24:57,000 He's big enough to end war. 1645 01:24:57,370 --> 01:25:01,000 Heisenberg sought me out in Copenhagen. 1646 01:25:01,850 --> 01:25:04,000 I was chilling, my old student working for the Nazis. 1647 01:25:04,000 --> 01:25:08,000 He told me some things to draw me out. 1648 01:25:08,250 --> 01:25:11,000 Sustained fission reactions in uranium. 1649 01:25:11,000 --> 01:25:12,000 That sounds more like a reactor than a bomb. Did you mention gaseous diffusion? 1650 01:25:12,000 --> 01:25:14,000 He seemed more focused on heavy water. 1651 01:25:14,370 --> 01:25:17,000 As a moderator? 1652 01:25:17,650 --> 01:25:19,000 Yes, instead of graphite. 1653 01:25:19,570 --> 01:25:21,000 What? 1654 01:25:21,000 --> 01:25:22,000 He took a wrong turn. 1655 01:25:22,550 --> 01:25:24,000 Or a head. 1656 01:25:24,650 --> 01:25:28,000 And was you here to help us, Nils? 1657 01:25:29,300 --> 01:25:37,000 So could you give us a moment, gentlemen? 1658 01:25:37,400 --> 01:25:39,000 I was not here to help Robert. 1659 01:25:39,450 --> 01:25:42,000 I knew you could do this without me. 1660 01:25:42,000 --> 01:25:43,000 Where did you come? 1661 01:25:43,300 --> 01:25:47,000 To talk about after. 1662 01:25:47,220 --> 01:25:49,000 The power you're about to reveal will forever outlive the Nazis. 1663 01:25:49,200 --> 01:25:52,080 And the world is not prepared. 1664 01:25:52,400 --> 01:25:56,000 You've lift the stone without being ready for the sting that's revealed. 1665 01:25:56,600 --> 01:25:58,000 We have to make the politicians understand this isn't a new weapon. 1666 01:25:58,250 --> 01:26:01,000 It's a new world. 1667 01:26:01,400 --> 01:26:04,000 I'll be out there doing what I can but you. 1668 01:26:04,250 --> 01:26:08,000 You're an American Prometheus. 1669 01:26:08,200 --> 01:26:10,000 The man who gave them the power to destroy themselves. 1670 01:26:10,300 --> 01:26:13,000 And they'll respect that. 1671 01:26:16,920 --> 01:26:20,000 And your work really begins soon. 1672 01:26:20,700 --> 01:26:23,000 I'm sorry, Oppie, but there's a call. 1673 01:26:27,350 --> 01:26:31,000 From San Francisco. 1674 01:26:34,800 --> 01:26:36,000 Robert! 1675 01:26:36,500 --> 01:26:38,000 Robert? 1676 01:26:38,000 --> 01:26:39,000 Robert? 1677 01:26:39,000 --> 01:26:40,000 Robert? 1678 01:26:40,850 --> 01:26:42,000 Robert? 1679 01:26:42,070 --> 01:26:45,000 What happened? 1680 01:26:45,650 --> 01:26:48,000 My father called. 1681 01:26:49,050 --> 01:26:50,000 We found her yesterday in the bath. 1682 01:26:50,000 --> 01:26:52,000 Who? 1683 01:26:52,850 --> 01:26:55,000 She's taken pills. 1684 01:26:56,050 --> 01:26:59,000 Left a note on sight. 1685 01:26:59,000 --> 01:27:04,000 She took barbiturates with Nils Cloraleirid in her blood. 1686 01:27:04,000 --> 01:27:06,000 There was a note. 1687 01:27:06,050 --> 01:27:14,000 She looked out the lock. 1688 01:27:14,300 --> 01:27:17,000 We were together. 1689 01:27:17,500 --> 01:27:20,000 She said you needed me, I... 1690 01:27:20,000 --> 01:27:21,000 I don't know. 1691 01:27:21,000 --> 01:27:22,000 I wouldn't. 1692 01:27:22,000 --> 01:27:23,000 I don't know. 1693 01:27:23,600 --> 01:27:26,000 I can't. 1694 01:27:26,250 --> 01:27:29,680 No, it wasn't me. It was me. 1695 01:27:29,690 --> 01:27:33,000 You don't get to come in the city when your nose 1696 01:27:33,000 --> 01:27:37,000 all feels so every bit of it has consequences. 1697 01:27:37,250 --> 01:27:45,000 You poor insult, Dickens. 1698 01:27:47,450 --> 01:27:49,000 It'll be clear to bend on you. 1699 01:27:49,000 --> 01:27:50,000 Donald, would you like to contribute here, please? 1700 01:27:50,000 --> 01:27:53,000 You're on the lookout. 1701 01:27:53,870 --> 01:27:56,000 Mom, I'm not quitting my job because plutonium is radioactive. 1702 01:27:56,000 --> 01:27:59,000 We just don't know what it might do to the female reproductive system. 1703 01:27:59,000 --> 01:28:00,000 Your reproductive system is more exposed than mine. 1704 01:28:00,000 --> 01:28:02,000 Tell me, please. 1705 01:28:02,000 --> 01:28:04,000 The approach device is nowhere. 1706 01:28:04,000 --> 01:28:06,000 Can't rush everything. 1707 01:28:06,000 --> 01:28:08,000 Well, there's rushing and there's getting on with it, so take it. 1708 01:28:08,000 --> 01:28:10,000 You're right. The man who is doing his job. 1709 01:28:10,000 --> 01:28:11,000 Tell us what's happening. 1710 01:28:11,000 --> 01:28:14,000 You're not helping. 1711 01:28:14,000 --> 01:28:15,000 I've been asking for detonations under your florsion lenses for weeks. 1712 01:28:15,000 --> 01:28:16,000 The British can do it. Fuse. 1713 01:28:16,000 --> 01:28:18,000 Absolutely. 1714 01:28:18,220 --> 01:28:20,000 It's your job, Tada. 1715 01:28:20,000 --> 01:28:22,080 I'm engaged in the research. 1716 01:28:31,000 --> 01:28:32,000 We're not hiding them both. We're not even building. 1717 01:28:32,000 --> 01:28:33,000 I've brought one for the event. 1718 01:28:33,950 --> 01:28:35,000 Oh, no. 1719 01:28:35,000 --> 01:28:36,000 Let him go. 1720 01:28:36,000 --> 01:28:38,000 He's a prima Donna. 1721 01:28:38,000 --> 01:28:39,000 I agree. He should leave right now. 1722 01:28:39,800 --> 01:28:43,000 Okay. 1723 01:28:43,000 --> 01:28:45,000 Kisti, you replace Metabyte. Seth, I'm putting you on plutonium. 1724 01:28:45,350 --> 01:28:48,000 Lily, you go in for Kisti. 1725 01:28:48,000 --> 01:28:51,000 Because he needs you, Fuchs, you take Tada's role. 1726 01:28:51,000 --> 01:28:55,000 I'm putting you exclusively on the implosion device. 1727 01:28:55,000 --> 01:29:09,000 And no one is leaving Los Alamos. 1728 01:29:09,000 --> 01:29:11,000 They both would believe. 1729 01:29:11,000 --> 01:29:14,000 No. I won't let you leave. 1730 01:29:14,000 --> 01:29:17,000 Forget Hans. Forget Fuchs. 1731 01:29:17,250 --> 01:29:20,000 Stay here. Research what you want. 1732 01:29:20,000 --> 01:29:22,000 Fuchs and the hydrogen bomb. 1733 01:29:22,220 --> 01:29:24,000 Whatever. We'll meet to discuss. 1734 01:29:24,000 --> 01:29:25,000 You don't have time to meet. 1735 01:29:25,000 --> 01:29:27,000 You're a politician now, Robert. 1736 01:29:27,000 --> 01:29:30,000 You've left physics behind many, many years ago. 1737 01:29:30,150 --> 01:29:34,000 One week. One hour. You and me. 1738 01:29:34,700 --> 01:29:42,000 Now raise this fucking barrier. 1739 01:29:42,000 --> 01:29:50,000 So the super was an underdevelopment on your watch in Los Alamos. 1740 01:29:50,000 --> 01:29:51,000 Yes. 1741 01:29:52,100 --> 01:29:55,000 And yet, after the war, you tried to deny it was viable. 1742 01:29:55,000 --> 01:29:58,000 No, no, no. I pointed out technical differently. 1743 01:29:58,850 --> 01:30:01,170 Didn't you try to kill it at the AEC meeting after the Russian bomb test? 1744 01:30:01,200 --> 01:30:02,000 No. 1745 01:30:02,050 --> 01:30:05,000 But that was the recommendation of the AEC, was it not? 1746 01:30:05,300 --> 01:30:08,000 After hours of discussion about the best response. 1747 01:30:08,550 --> 01:30:14,000 An H-bomb is one thousand times the power of an A-bomb. 1748 01:30:14,850 --> 01:30:18,000 Its only intended target would be the largest city. 1749 01:30:18,850 --> 01:30:20,000 It's a weapon of mass genocide. 1750 01:30:20,000 --> 01:30:23,000 Is he dressed in circles on this side of the map, 1751 01:30:23,450 --> 01:30:26,000 where they would target us, starting in New York? 1752 01:30:26,000 --> 01:30:27,000 As a DC. 1753 01:30:27,220 --> 01:30:31,000 It's a weapon of attack. No difference involved in deterrence. 1754 01:30:31,000 --> 01:30:35,000 Do we really need more deterrence than our friend, our slow atomic bombs? 1755 01:30:35,000 --> 01:30:39,000 You drown in ten feet of water or ten thousand, what's the difference? 1756 01:30:39,000 --> 01:30:41,000 We can already drown. 1757 01:30:41,000 --> 01:30:43,000 We can only drown in two feet. 1758 01:30:43,000 --> 01:30:52,000 As I said, the tellers' designs are still 1759 01:30:55,250 --> 01:31:00,000 as impractical as they were during the war. 1760 01:31:00,000 --> 01:31:03,000 An hydrogen bomb can be made to work, I'll be you know that. 1761 01:31:03,000 --> 01:31:06,000 I don't believe we should commit all our resources to that chance. 1762 01:31:06,000 --> 01:31:09,000 Then how would you have Truman reassure the American people? 1763 01:31:09,300 --> 01:31:11,180 Simply by limiting the spread of atomic weapons 1764 01:31:11,250 --> 01:31:14,000 through international control and nuclear energy. 1765 01:31:14,500 --> 01:31:16,000 By which mean world government. 1766 01:31:16,000 --> 01:31:19,000 The United Nations has Roosevelt intended it. 1767 01:31:19,000 --> 01:31:22,000 Well, I asked what Truman should do, right? 1768 01:31:22,000 --> 01:31:26,000 The world's change is not fascism, but communism that now threatens our survival. 1769 01:31:26,000 --> 01:31:30,000 Lewis, do you understand if we build a hydrogen bomb, 1770 01:31:30,300 --> 01:31:32,000 the Russians will have no choice but to build their own. 1771 01:31:32,000 --> 01:31:34,540 Could they be working on one already, based on 1772 01:31:34,550 --> 01:31:37,000 information gathered from spy at Los Alamos? 1773 01:31:37,000 --> 01:31:38,000 No spy at Los Alamos. 1774 01:31:38,050 --> 01:31:41,000 Gentlemen, let's not get sidetracked. 1775 01:31:41,700 --> 01:31:44,000 I say we use this moment to gain concessions from the Russians 1776 01:31:44,000 --> 01:31:47,000 by committing that we will not build a hydrogen bomb. 1777 01:31:47,150 --> 01:31:49,000 Thereby revealing its existence. 1778 01:31:49,300 --> 01:31:51,140 Which you've seen convinced they already know. 1779 01:31:51,400 --> 01:31:56,000 All right. At this point, I'd like the committee members 1780 01:31:56,020 --> 01:31:59,000 to meet in privacy to finalize our recommendations. 1781 01:31:59,000 --> 01:32:02,000 I'm just not sure you want to get down to this. 1782 01:32:02,000 --> 01:32:06,000 With respect, we are the advisory committee. We will give them our advice. 1783 01:32:06,250 --> 01:32:08,000 Okay. 1784 01:32:08,000 --> 01:32:12,000 Dr. Oppenheimer. 1785 01:32:12,200 --> 01:32:13,200 Hi. 1786 01:32:14,050 --> 01:32:15,050 William Borden. 1787 01:32:15,650 --> 01:32:17,000 Joined committee on atomic energy. 1788 01:32:17,000 --> 01:32:18,000 Oh, it is. 1789 01:32:18,350 --> 01:32:21,000 During the war, I was a pilot. 1790 01:32:21,150 --> 01:32:25,000 One night, flying back from a raid, I saw an amazing sight. 1791 01:32:25,000 --> 01:32:30,000 I got a meteor. A V-2 rocket headed England. 1792 01:32:30,000 --> 01:32:32,480 I can't help but imagine what it will be for 1793 01:32:32,500 --> 01:32:35,000 such an enemy rocket to carry an atomic war. 1794 01:32:35,100 --> 01:32:37,000 Quiet. 1795 01:32:37,000 --> 01:32:48,000 Let's make sure we're not the ones to make that possible. 1796 01:32:54,400 --> 01:32:57,000 Bobby, I don't think you want to go up against Shros. 1797 01:32:57,400 --> 01:33:00,000 If we both speak, they listen to me. 1798 01:33:00,150 --> 01:33:02,000 When you speak, they hear a prophet. 1799 01:33:02,370 --> 01:33:04,000 When Shros speaks, they hear themselves. 1800 01:33:04,150 --> 01:33:06,000 They listen to a prophet. 1801 01:33:06,120 --> 01:33:09,000 A prophet can't be wrong. Not once. 1802 01:33:09,000 --> 01:33:13,000 Did you accuse Oppenheimer of sabotaging the development of the super? 1803 01:33:13,650 --> 01:33:17,000 I was never one of those to be any wrong terms like sabotage. 1804 01:33:17,350 --> 01:33:19,000 But Mr. Borden was? 1805 01:33:19,250 --> 01:33:21,000 As I understand it, possibly. 1806 01:33:21,000 --> 01:33:25,000 How was Mr. Borden able to put together such a detailed indictment? 1807 01:33:25,000 --> 01:33:27,000 He was no longer a government employee. 1808 01:33:27,000 --> 01:33:30,000 He appears to have had unlimited access to Dr. Oppenheimer's file. 1809 01:33:30,350 --> 01:33:35,000 Like Mr. Nichols, I've given him access to the file or someone else at the AEC. 1810 01:33:35,000 --> 01:33:38,000 That's very serious accusations. 1811 01:33:38,250 --> 01:33:39,820 Is it your intention to suggest that 1812 01:33:39,830 --> 01:33:42,000 Dr. Oppenheimer is disloyal to the United States? 1813 01:33:42,900 --> 01:33:47,000 I've always assumed and still assume that he's loyal to the United States. 1814 01:33:47,100 --> 01:33:52,000 I believe this and I shall read it until I see very conclusive proof to the opposite. 1815 01:33:52,000 --> 01:33:56,000 Do you or do you not believe that Dr. Oppenheimer is a security prisoner? 1816 01:33:56,000 --> 01:34:05,000 Well, we at least have to take a moment to think about 1817 01:34:05,150 --> 01:34:14,000 whether the means justify 1818 01:34:14,000 --> 01:34:16,930 the ends any longer because... 1819 01:34:16,940 --> 01:34:20,000 Germany is about to surrender. 1820 01:34:22,550 --> 01:34:25,000 Yes. 1821 01:34:25,000 --> 01:34:26,000 Mr. Bonger, the enemy who were the greatest threat to mankind, it's our work. 1822 01:34:26,000 --> 01:34:32,000 It was dead. It's true. 1823 01:34:34,550 --> 01:34:37,000 With a Japanese fight on. 1824 01:34:38,900 --> 01:34:40,000 Their defeat seems assured. 1825 01:34:40,650 --> 01:34:42,000 Not if you're a GI prepared to invade. 1826 01:34:42,450 --> 01:34:45,000 We can end this war. 1827 01:34:45,000 --> 01:34:47,000 But how do we justify using this weapon, she thinks. 1828 01:34:47,000 --> 01:34:51,000 We're theorists. 1829 01:34:54,350 --> 01:34:56,000 Yes. 1830 01:34:56,000 --> 01:34:57,000 We imagine a future and our imaginings horrify us. 1831 01:34:58,550 --> 01:35:03,000 They won't fear it until they understand it and 1832 01:35:04,050 --> 01:35:06,510 they won't understand it until they've used it. 1833 01:35:06,520 --> 01:35:09,000 When the world learns the terrible secret of Los Alamos, 1834 01:35:09,150 --> 01:35:13,000 our work here will ensure peace mankind has never seen. 1835 01:35:13,000 --> 01:35:16,000 The peace based on the kind of international 1836 01:35:16,000 --> 01:35:18,980 cooperation that Roosevelt always envisaged. 1837 01:35:19,000 --> 01:35:22,000 Progress? 1838 01:35:22,000 --> 01:35:26,000 Two years and a million dollars worth. 1839 01:35:27,050 --> 01:35:28,050 Hard to put a price in your town. 1840 01:35:28,100 --> 01:35:30,000 Not really. Just out of the bills. 1841 01:35:30,000 --> 01:35:33,000 Rural free deliveries. 1842 01:35:33,000 --> 01:35:34,000 Eighty babies delivered the first year. 1843 01:35:34,000 --> 01:35:36,000 This year we've had ten a month. 1844 01:35:36,000 --> 01:35:38,000 Earth controls that do not align to restriction general. 1845 01:35:38,150 --> 01:35:41,000 Clearly. 1846 01:35:41,050 --> 01:35:44,000 General. 1847 01:35:44,000 --> 01:35:45,000 Head down. 1848 01:35:45,000 --> 01:35:46,000 Here you are. 1849 01:35:46,000 --> 01:35:52,000 Folks, head down. 1850 01:35:52,000 --> 01:35:53,000 That's the war. 1851 01:35:53,000 --> 01:35:54,000 Two viable bombs. 1852 01:35:54,000 --> 01:35:55,000 I need a date. 1853 01:35:55,000 --> 01:36:02,000 September. 1854 01:36:02,000 --> 01:36:04,000 July. 1855 01:36:04,000 --> 01:36:05,000 That's a sweet one, gentlemen. 1856 01:36:05,000 --> 01:36:06,000 August. 1857 01:36:06,000 --> 01:36:09,000 July. 1858 01:36:09,120 --> 01:36:10,000 Test. 1859 01:36:10,000 --> 01:36:11,000 July. 1860 01:36:11,000 --> 01:36:14,000 I need my brother. 1861 01:36:14,100 --> 01:36:16,000 Frank goes to the desert. 1862 01:36:16,000 --> 01:36:17,000 He's left politics behind. 1863 01:36:17,000 --> 01:36:18,000 He's been working with Mars for two years now. 1864 01:36:18,000 --> 01:36:19,000 What do we call the test? 1865 01:36:19,000 --> 01:36:21,000 A pet of my heart. A three person god. 1866 01:36:21,000 --> 01:36:25,000 What? 1867 01:36:25,000 --> 01:36:26,000 Truly. 1868 01:36:26,000 --> 01:36:27,000 You insisted on bringing 1869 01:36:27,000 --> 01:36:29,000 on your brother Frank. 1870 01:36:29,000 --> 01:36:37,000 A known communist. 1871 01:36:37,000 --> 01:36:40,000 Former communist. 1872 01:36:40,000 --> 01:36:44,000 You brought a known former communist. 1873 01:36:44,000 --> 01:36:46,000 On to America's most secret 1874 01:36:46,000 --> 01:36:48,000 and important defense project. 1875 01:36:48,000 --> 01:36:55,000 I knew my brother could be trusted. 1876 01:36:55,000 --> 01:36:58,000 Absolutely. 1877 01:36:58,000 --> 01:36:59,000 And you felt your judgment was sound 1878 01:36:59,000 --> 01:37:00,000 at who on the team could be trusted. 1879 01:37:00,650 --> 01:37:03,000 Folks, head down. 1880 01:37:03,000 --> 01:37:06,000 Everybody ready? 1881 01:37:06,000 --> 01:37:08,000 I hope you learned something. 1882 01:37:08,000 --> 01:37:09,000 We've learned we're going to need to be a lot farther away. 1883 01:37:09,700 --> 01:37:13,000 I'll figure it out. 1884 01:37:13,500 --> 01:37:15,000 Fast. 1885 01:37:15,000 --> 01:37:17,000 We need a Washington in the morning. 1886 01:37:17,000 --> 01:37:26,000 We're going to give him a date. 1887 01:37:26,000 --> 01:37:28,000 You're a long way from Chicago, Leo. 1888 01:37:28,000 --> 01:37:30,000 If we don't act now, they're going to use this thing in East Japan. 1889 01:37:30,000 --> 01:37:31,000 We booked a meeting with Truman, but somebody killed it. 1890 01:37:31,000 --> 01:37:32,000 You were meeting the secretary of war. 1891 01:37:32,000 --> 01:37:33,000 Just because we're building it, 1892 01:37:33,000 --> 01:37:34,240 doesn't mean we get to decide how it's used. 1893 01:37:37,400 --> 01:37:50,000 History will judge us for that. 1894 01:37:50,000 --> 01:37:52,000 In Chicago, we put together a petition. 1895 01:37:52,000 --> 01:37:55,000 I'm not... I'm not telling you to do that. 1896 01:37:55,050 --> 01:37:58,000 Just tell me your concerns and I will leave them. 1897 01:37:58,250 --> 01:38:00,000 My concerns? 1898 01:38:00,000 --> 01:38:02,000 Germany's defeated. 1899 01:38:02,300 --> 01:38:04,060 Japan's not going to hold out alone. 1900 01:38:04,950 --> 01:38:07,000 How could you know that? 1901 01:38:07,850 --> 01:38:10,000 You got us into this. 1902 01:38:10,550 --> 01:38:12,000 You and Einstein with your letter to Roosevelt saying we could build a bomb. 1903 01:38:12,000 --> 01:38:17,000 I guess Germany. 1904 01:38:17,620 --> 01:38:19,000 That's not how weapons manufacture works, Cillit. 1905 01:38:19,000 --> 01:38:20,000 Hoping you have to help. 1906 01:38:20,850 --> 01:38:22,000 Fermi's in the meeting. 1907 01:38:22,450 --> 01:38:24,000 Lawrence is in the meeting. 1908 01:38:24,000 --> 01:38:25,000 They're not you. 1909 01:38:25,000 --> 01:38:26,000 You're the great salesman of science. 1910 01:38:26,450 --> 01:38:29,020 You can convince anyone of anything. 1911 01:38:29,050 --> 01:38:30,000 Even yourself. 1912 01:38:30,000 --> 01:38:33,000 Excuse me. 1913 01:38:33,000 --> 01:38:34,000 The firestorm in Tokyo killed 100,000 people. 1914 01:38:34,000 --> 01:38:35,000 Mostly civilians. 1915 01:38:35,000 --> 01:38:36,000 I worry about America when we do these things and no one protests. 1916 01:38:36,000 --> 01:38:37,000 Pearl Harbor and three years of brutal conflict in the Pacific. 1917 01:38:37,170 --> 01:38:39,000 Buys a lot of latitude with the American public. 1918 01:38:39,000 --> 01:38:42,000 Enough to when we see a target bomb? 1919 01:38:43,450 --> 01:38:45,000 The air bomb might not cause as much damage as the Tokyo bombs. 1920 01:38:45,800 --> 01:38:47,000 What are we estimating? 1921 01:38:47,500 --> 01:38:50,000 In a medium-sized city, 20,000 or 30,000 dead. 1922 01:38:50,000 --> 01:38:53,000 But don't underestimate the psychological impact of a atomic explosion. 1923 01:38:53,650 --> 01:38:56,000 A pillar of fire 10,000 feet tall. 1924 01:38:56,000 --> 01:38:59,000 Deadly neutron effects from a mile in all directions. 1925 01:38:59,000 --> 01:39:02,000 From one single device dropped from a barely-known SP-29. 1926 01:39:03,300 --> 01:39:04,000 The atomic bomb will be a terrible revelation of divine power. 1927 01:39:04,000 --> 01:39:08,000 If that's true, it would be definitive. 1928 01:39:08,000 --> 01:39:09,000 World War II would be over. 1929 01:39:09,000 --> 01:39:14,000 Our boys would come home. 1930 01:39:14,000 --> 01:39:20,000 Military targets. 1931 01:39:20,300 --> 01:39:24,000 But there aren't any big enough. 1932 01:39:24,000 --> 01:39:28,000 Perhaps a vital war plant with workers housed nearby. 1933 01:39:28,750 --> 01:39:33,000 And we could issue a warning 1934 01:39:33,000 --> 01:39:39,000 to reduce civilian casualties. 1935 01:39:39,900 --> 01:39:42,000 It'd send everything they have up against us. 1936 01:39:42,150 --> 01:39:44,000 I'd be up in that plane. 1937 01:39:44,400 --> 01:39:46,000 But if we announce it and it fails to go off, 1938 01:39:46,050 --> 01:39:48,000 we'd scupper any chance of a Japanese surrender. 1939 01:39:48,670 --> 01:39:50,000 Is there no way to demonstrate the bomb to Japan to propose surrender? 1940 01:39:50,550 --> 01:39:56,000 We intend to demonstrate it in the most unambiguous terms. 1941 01:39:56,850 --> 01:39:59,210 Twice. 1942 01:39:59,500 --> 01:40:02,000 Once to show the weapons power 1943 01:40:02,000 --> 01:40:03,000 and a second to show that we can keep doing this until they surrender. 1944 01:40:03,600 --> 01:40:06,000 We have a list of 12 cities to choose from. 1945 01:40:06,670 --> 01:40:09,000 I'm sorry, 11. 1946 01:40:09,300 --> 01:40:13,000 I've taken Kyoto off the list 1947 01:40:13,000 --> 01:40:17,000 due to its cultural significance to the Japanese people. 1948 01:40:17,000 --> 01:40:18,000 Also, my wife and I honeymooned there. 1949 01:40:18,100 --> 01:40:20,000 It's a magnificent city. 1950 01:40:20,000 --> 01:40:24,000 Let me make this simple for you, gentlemen. 1951 01:40:24,000 --> 01:40:27,000 According to my intelligence, which I cannot share 1952 01:40:27,150 --> 01:40:29,000 with you, the Japanese people will not surrender. 1953 01:40:29,350 --> 01:40:31,000 Under any circumstances. 1954 01:40:31,000 --> 01:40:34,000 Short of a successful and total invasion of the home islands. 1955 01:40:35,200 --> 01:40:37,000 Many lives will be the longest American and Japanese. 1956 01:40:37,700 --> 01:40:39,000 The use of the atomic bomb in Japanese cities will save lives. 1957 01:40:42,700 --> 01:40:44,120 If we retain moral advantage. 1958 01:40:44,150 --> 01:40:47,000 How so? 1959 01:40:47,000 --> 01:40:49,000 If we use this weapon without informing our allies, they'll see it as a threat. 1960 01:40:49,100 --> 01:40:51,000 We'll be in an arms race. 1961 01:40:51,000 --> 01:40:54,000 How often can we be with the Soviets? 1962 01:40:54,800 --> 01:40:57,000 Secrecy won't stop the Soviets from becoming part of the atomic world. 1963 01:40:58,000 --> 01:41:01,000 We've been told they have no uranium. 1964 01:41:01,650 --> 01:41:04,000 You've been misinformed. 1965 01:41:04,000 --> 01:41:05,000 A Russian bomb is a matter of time. 1966 01:41:05,000 --> 01:41:08,000 The program needs to continue at full pace after the war. 1967 01:41:08,000 --> 01:41:10,000 Uh, Secretary Simpson, if I may. 1968 01:41:10,450 --> 01:41:12,000 Not all scientists on the project are in agreement. 1969 01:41:12,550 --> 01:41:16,000 In fact, this might be a moment to consider other opinions. 1970 01:41:16,050 --> 01:41:18,000 If you talk as soon as this project has been plagued from the start 1971 01:41:18,000 --> 01:41:20,000 by certain scientists of doubtful 1972 01:41:20,050 --> 01:41:22,000 discretion and uncertain loyalty. 1973 01:41:22,000 --> 01:41:25,000 One of them just tried to meet with the president. 1974 01:41:27,300 --> 01:41:28,000 Now, we need these men, but as soon as it's practical, 1975 01:41:28,000 --> 01:41:32,000 we should sever any such scientist from the program. 1976 01:41:32,050 --> 01:41:35,000 Wouldn't you agree, Doctor? 1977 01:41:35,420 --> 01:41:38,000 If a Russian bomb is inevitable, 1978 01:41:38,000 --> 01:41:43,000 perhaps we should invite their top scientist to Trinity. 1979 01:41:43,500 --> 01:41:45,500 President Truman has no intention of raising expectations 1980 01:41:45,600 --> 01:41:49,000 that Stalin be included in the atomic project. 1981 01:41:49,050 --> 01:41:51,020 Informing him of our breakthrough and presenting it as a means to win the war. 1982 01:41:51,050 --> 01:41:53,000 did not make unkeepable promises. 1983 01:41:53,950 --> 01:41:56,000 But the Potsdam Peace Conference in July will be 1984 01:41:56,400 --> 01:41:59,000 President Truman's last chance to have that conversation. 1985 01:41:59,350 --> 01:42:03,000 Can you give us a working bomb by then? 1986 01:42:03,250 --> 01:42:06,000 Absolutely. We will test fire before the conference. 1987 01:42:06,000 --> 01:42:09,120 Ground zero. Observation boasts at 10,000 yards north, south, and west. 1988 01:42:09,300 --> 01:42:11,000 Where do we trigger from? 1989 01:42:11,400 --> 01:42:15,000 South 10,000. 1990 01:42:15,000 --> 01:42:17,000 And base camp is 10 miles south here. 1991 01:42:17,850 --> 01:42:20,000 And there's a further observation post on that hill 20 miles away. 1992 01:42:20,700 --> 01:42:24,000 Is that right? Your lines already went in. 1993 01:42:25,100 --> 01:42:35,000 The Air Force requested a line of lights for their B-29. 1994 01:42:35,000 --> 01:42:36,000 What B-29? Our bombs on the tower. 1995 01:42:36,200 --> 01:42:38,000 They want to use the test to confirm the safe operating distance. 1996 01:42:38,000 --> 01:42:41,000 It's risky. 1997 01:42:41,050 --> 01:42:47,000 But not as risky as dropping one over Japan 1998 01:42:47,370 --> 01:42:49,000 and hoping that we were right about the blast radius. 1999 01:42:49,000 --> 01:42:53,000 It's a little so astound. We're firing on the 15th. 2000 01:42:53,000 --> 01:42:55,000 The 15th? That's the 15th. 2001 01:42:55,000 --> 01:42:59,000 15th. 2002 01:42:59,000 --> 01:43:00,000 So while we're here in South Observation 2003 01:43:00,000 --> 01:43:01,000 Point with Frank and Kistiakowsky, 2004 01:43:01,000 --> 01:43:03,000 we'll all be assigned to base camp, west observation, or fire observation. 2005 01:43:03,000 --> 01:43:06,000 Just a little careful with your eyes. 2006 01:43:06,000 --> 01:43:08,000 Your safe distances are based on your calculations. 2007 01:43:10,000 --> 01:43:11,000 Time to stand behind your science arms, literally. 2008 01:43:12,650 --> 01:43:17,000 What about the radiation cloud? 2009 01:43:17,000 --> 01:43:23,000 Without high winds, it should settle within two to three miles. 2010 01:43:23,000 --> 01:43:35,000 Vacuation measures are in place. 2011 01:43:38,000 --> 01:43:41,000 But we need good weather for visibility, so it has to be fine. 2012 01:43:41,000 --> 01:43:44,000 Everybody out. 2013 01:43:44,000 --> 01:43:54,000 You're on the night of the 15th. 2014 01:43:54,000 --> 01:44:14,000 It's a hard deadline. 2015 01:44:14,000 --> 01:44:16,000 If anyone does anything, speak now. 2016 01:44:16,000 --> 01:44:19,000 Could you survive an explosion test? 2017 01:44:19,000 --> 01:44:21,000 Could not do it. 2018 01:44:21,000 --> 01:44:25,000 Is there anything else that might stop us? 2019 01:44:25,000 --> 01:44:27,000 What's happening, isn't it? 2020 01:44:27,000 --> 01:44:39,000 I'll send a message. 2021 01:44:39,000 --> 01:44:40,000 It's gone our way. 2022 01:44:40,000 --> 01:44:43,000 Take it in the streets. 2023 01:44:44,000 --> 01:45:06,000 Robert. 2024 01:45:06,000 --> 01:45:09,000 Rick Land. 2025 01:45:11,000 --> 01:45:14,000 Three years, 4,000 people, $2 billion. 2026 01:45:14,000 --> 01:45:17,000 So it doesn't go off. 2027 01:45:18,000 --> 01:45:46,000 We're both finished. 2028 01:45:46,000 --> 01:45:51,000 I'm betting on three kilotons. 2029 01:45:51,000 --> 01:45:53,000 Anything less? 2030 01:45:53,000 --> 01:45:57,000 I won't get what it is. 2031 01:45:57,000 --> 01:46:00,000 And what did Fermi mean 2032 01:46:00,000 --> 01:46:02,000 by atmospheric ignition? 2033 01:46:02,000 --> 01:46:07,000 We had a moment where it looked like the chain 2034 01:46:07,000 --> 01:46:11,000 reaction from a atomic device might never have stopped. 2035 01:46:11,000 --> 01:46:21,000 Setting fire to the atmosphere. 2036 01:46:21,000 --> 01:46:31,000 And what was Fermi 2037 01:46:32,000 --> 01:46:41,000 still taking side bets on it? 2038 01:46:42,000 --> 01:46:51,000 Call it gallows humor. 2039 01:46:51,220 --> 01:47:01,000 Are we saying there's a chance that when we push that button, we destroy the world? 2040 01:47:16,000 --> 01:47:26,000 Nothing in our research over three years was that conclusion. 2041 01:47:41,000 --> 01:47:51,000 Except it's the most remote possibility. 2042 01:47:51,000 --> 01:48:01,000 How remote? 2043 01:48:16,000 --> 01:48:26,000 Chances are near zero. 2044 01:48:41,000 --> 01:48:51,000 Near zero. 2045 01:48:51,000 --> 01:49:01,000 What do you want 2046 01:49:16,000 --> 01:49:21,000 from theory alone? 2047 01:49:21,120 --> 01:49:23,000 Zero would be nice. 2048 01:49:23,650 --> 01:49:25,000 We've been exactly 2049 01:49:25,950 --> 01:49:30,000 one hour, 58 minutes. 2050 01:49:30,000 --> 01:49:31,000 Well done. 2051 01:49:31,000 --> 01:49:33,000 It's loading up. 2052 01:49:33,350 --> 01:49:37,000 The Army parties left zero. 2053 01:49:37,000 --> 01:49:39,000 They're heading this way. 2054 01:49:39,000 --> 01:49:42,000 Throw me switches. 2055 01:49:42,250 --> 01:49:45,000 Turn the cars. 2056 01:49:45,000 --> 01:49:48,000 Ready for emergency. 2057 01:49:48,050 --> 01:49:50,000 After my shoot. 2058 01:49:53,050 --> 01:49:59,000 Everybody take a roller splash. 2059 01:49:59,050 --> 01:50:03,000 Everybody take a roller splash. 2060 01:50:03,000 --> 01:50:06,000 Twenty minutes. 2061 01:50:06,000 --> 01:50:07,000 Twenty minutes. 2062 01:50:07,450 --> 01:50:09,000 That's twenty. 2063 01:50:10,250 --> 01:50:12,000 The ladies. 2064 01:50:12,400 --> 01:50:15,000 Come on. 2065 01:50:15,000 --> 01:50:19,000 Now. 2066 01:50:20,050 --> 01:50:27,000 The glass. 2067 01:50:27,050 --> 01:50:29,000 It stops the UV. 2068 01:50:29,000 --> 01:50:36,000 It stops the glass. 2069 01:50:36,000 --> 01:50:48,000 I had the base 10. 2070 01:50:48,000 --> 01:50:50,000 That's the fire. 2071 01:50:50,000 --> 01:50:51,000 Robert. 2072 01:50:51,000 --> 01:50:52,000 Try to work the world. 2073 01:50:52,000 --> 01:50:53,000 What's that mean? 2074 01:50:53,000 --> 01:50:54,000 If the detonator's still charged, the voltage drops by one volt. 2075 01:50:54,000 --> 01:50:56,000 You hit that button, you abort. 2076 01:50:57,000 --> 01:51:17,000 I'm starting. 2077 01:51:17,000 --> 01:51:20,000 Everybody down. 2078 01:51:20,000 --> 01:51:23,000 Do not tilt around until you see what's working on the hills. 2079 01:51:23,000 --> 01:51:52,000 Then look at the explosion holding through your wellness glass. 2080 01:51:52,000 --> 01:52:13,000 I keep that here. 2081 01:52:13,000 --> 01:52:15,000 Do detonator. 2082 01:52:15,000 --> 01:52:20,000 Do you second these two detonations? 2083 01:52:20,000 --> 01:52:31,000 Do you think I'm in? 2084 01:52:31,000 --> 01:52:33,000 Yeah. 2085 01:52:33,000 --> 01:52:38,000 These things are hard in your heart. 2086 01:52:38,000 --> 01:52:40,000 Thirty seconds. 2087 01:52:40,000 --> 01:52:41,000 Give me your charge. 2088 01:52:41,000 --> 01:52:42,000 I have a game. I have a game. 2089 01:52:42,000 --> 01:52:43,000 I'm in. I have a game. Four. 2090 01:52:43,000 --> 01:52:45,000 Nine. Eight. Seven. Six. Five. Four. Three. Four. 2091 01:52:45,000 --> 01:52:48,000 Three. Two. One. 2092 01:52:48,000 --> 01:52:50,000 And now I am the Conde, 2093 01:52:50,000 --> 01:52:52,000 the destroyer of worlds. 2094 01:52:52,000 --> 01:52:54,000 It worked. 2095 01:52:54,000 --> 01:53:06,000 No interest dollars. 2096 01:53:06,000 --> 01:53:07,000 Go on. 2097 01:53:07,000 --> 01:53:11,000 I'm good for it, Kisti. 2098 01:53:11,000 --> 01:53:13,000 You are. 2099 01:53:13,000 --> 01:53:14,000 Yes, you are. 2100 01:53:14,000 --> 01:53:24,000 Give me a pot stand right away. 2101 01:53:24,000 --> 01:53:26,000 Hello. 2102 01:53:26,000 --> 01:53:30,000 Hi, Kisti. 2103 01:53:30,000 --> 01:53:34,000 What? 2104 01:53:34,000 --> 01:53:35,000 Charlotte. 2105 01:53:35,000 --> 01:53:37,000 Charlotte, go ahead. 2106 01:53:37,000 --> 01:53:41,000 Oh, um, oh, I don't know. 2107 01:53:41,000 --> 01:53:43,000 Can I help you to 2108 01:53:43,000 --> 01:53:44,000 bring in the cheese? 2109 01:53:44,000 --> 01:54:09,000 Kitty? 2110 01:54:09,000 --> 01:54:11,000 Kitty? 2111 01:54:11,000 --> 01:54:13,000 If they did it too high in the air, 2112 01:54:13,000 --> 01:54:19,000 the blast would be as powerful. 2113 01:54:19,000 --> 01:54:29,000 With respect, Dr. Oppenheimer, we'll take it from here. 2114 01:54:29,000 --> 01:54:34,000 The true one, brief stolen, a pot stand. 2115 01:54:34,000 --> 01:54:44,000 The brief would be an overstatement. 2116 01:54:44,000 --> 01:54:58,000 He referred to a powerful 2117 01:54:58,000 --> 01:55:04,000 new weapon, stolen. 2118 01:55:04,000 --> 01:55:33,000 Hope we use it against Japan. 2119 01:55:33,000 --> 01:56:02,000 That's it. 2120 01:56:02,000 --> 01:56:31,000 The one where we've given them an ace, it's for them to play the hand. 2121 01:56:31,000 --> 01:56:37,000 You're heavy for the six. 2122 01:56:37,300 --> 01:56:45,000 It's of the C.O. in the Pacific. 2123 01:56:46,070 --> 01:57:03,000 If anything comes through, to Washington. 2124 01:57:03,000 --> 01:57:17,000 Before. 2125 01:57:17,000 --> 01:57:19,000 When you keep informed. 2126 01:57:27,350 --> 01:57:53,000 Of course. 2127 01:57:53,000 --> 01:57:57,000 As best I can. 2128 01:57:57,000 --> 01:57:59,000 What did the Japanese surrender if 2129 01:57:59,000 --> 01:58:01,000 they knew about what was coming? 2130 01:58:01,000 --> 01:58:03,000 I don't know. 2131 01:58:03,000 --> 01:58:05,000 Everything's here, 2132 01:58:05,000 --> 01:58:34,000 that's a petition. 2133 01:58:34,000 --> 01:58:42,000 How the hell is so no matter Japanese? Not signing an item? 2134 01:58:42,000 --> 01:58:45,000 Many people are. 2135 01:58:45,000 --> 01:58:55,000 A lot of people. 2136 01:58:55,000 --> 01:59:15,000 Pidrode. 2137 01:59:15,000 --> 01:59:16,000 The fact that we built this 2138 01:59:16,000 --> 01:59:17,000 bond does not give us any more, 2139 01:59:17,000 --> 01:59:18,000 any more right or responsibility 2140 01:59:18,000 --> 01:59:19,000 to decide how it's used. 2141 01:59:19,000 --> 01:59:20,000 And anyone else. 2142 01:59:20,000 --> 01:59:22,000 But they're the only 2143 01:59:22,000 --> 01:59:25,000 people who know about it. 2144 01:59:25,000 --> 01:59:27,000 I'm told steps in the various 2145 01:59:27,100 --> 01:59:29,000 opinions of the community. 2146 01:59:29,000 --> 01:59:31,000 But what's your opinion? 2147 01:59:31,000 --> 01:59:40,000 Once it's used, 2148 01:59:40,000 --> 01:59:43,000 it will clear war. 2149 01:59:43,300 --> 01:59:47,000 Perhaps all war 2150 01:59:49,500 --> 01:59:57,000 becomes unthinkable. 2151 01:59:57,250 --> 02:00:00,000 Until somebody builds a bigger bond. 2152 02:00:00,250 --> 02:00:03,000 I thought they would call. 2153 02:00:03,450 --> 02:00:09,000 It's only that fast. 2154 02:00:09,000 --> 02:00:13,000 And it's the sixth. 2155 02:00:13,200 --> 02:00:15,000 Charlotte? 2156 02:00:15,800 --> 02:00:20,000 Trigross? 2157 02:00:20,300 --> 02:00:23,000 Anything? 2158 02:00:23,200 --> 02:00:26,000 Charlotte? 2159 02:00:26,150 --> 02:00:30,000 Trubit's on the radio. 2160 02:00:30,000 --> 02:00:33,000 General? 2161 02:00:33,120 --> 02:00:36,000 I'm very proud of you 2162 02:00:36,150 --> 02:00:39,000 and all of your people. 2163 02:00:39,300 --> 02:00:42,000 It went all right. 2164 02:00:42,000 --> 02:00:58,000 Apparently it went with a tremendous bang. 2165 02:00:58,000 --> 02:01:02,000 You know, everyone here is feeling reasonably good about it. 2166 02:01:02,000 --> 02:01:06,000 It's been a long road. 2167 02:01:06,000 --> 02:01:08,000 I think one of the 2168 02:01:08,000 --> 02:01:13,000 wisest things I ever did 2169 02:01:13,400 --> 02:01:16,000 was when I selected the director of Los Alamos. 2170 02:01:16,000 --> 02:01:18,000 We asked him for the two billion dollars on the 2171 02:01:18,400 --> 02:01:21,230 greatest scientific gamble in history, and we have won. 2172 02:01:21,240 --> 02:01:24,000 The world will remember this day. 2173 02:01:24,450 --> 02:01:26,000 It's too soon to--it's too soon to determine 2174 02:01:26,000 --> 02:01:28,000 what the results of the bombing are. 2175 02:01:28,000 --> 02:01:31,000 But I'll bet the 2176 02:01:31,000 --> 02:01:33,000 Japanese didn't like it. 2177 02:01:33,800 --> 02:01:37,000 I'm so proud. 2178 02:01:37,400 --> 02:01:43,000 So proud of what you have accomplished. 2179 02:01:43,350 --> 02:01:46,000 I just wish we had it in time to use against the Germans. 2180 02:01:46,970 --> 02:02:06,000 Dr. Oppenheimer. Dr. Oppenheimer. 2181 02:02:06,700 --> 02:02:08,000 Nice picture. Prison criminals need help. 2182 02:02:08,200 --> 02:02:12,000 Dr. Oppenheimer, it's an honor. Mr. President, please. Thank you. 2183 02:02:12,200 --> 02:02:14,000 Sixteen minutes. 2184 02:02:14,000 --> 02:02:27,000 How does it feel to be the most famous man in the 2185 02:02:27,000 --> 02:02:30,000 world? You helped save a lot of American lives. 2186 02:02:30,350 --> 02:02:33,000 What we did at Hiroshima was-- 2187 02:02:33,000 --> 02:02:36,000 In Nagasaki. 2188 02:02:36,350 --> 02:02:38,000 Obviously. Your invention let us bring our boys home. 2189 02:02:38,000 --> 02:02:40,000 It was hardly my invention. 2190 02:02:40,200 --> 02:03:02,000 Well, it's you on the cover at time. 2191 02:03:03,050 --> 02:03:22,000 Jim tells me you're concerned about an arms race for the Soviets. 2192 02:03:22,000 --> 02:03:23,000 Yes. Well, it's that now is our chance to secure 2193 02:03:23,050 --> 02:03:26,000 international cooperation on atomic energy and I'm concerned. 2194 02:03:26,000 --> 02:03:28,000 Did you know when the Soviets 2195 02:03:28,000 --> 02:03:31,000 are going to have the bomb? 2196 02:03:31,150 --> 02:03:36,000 I don't think I could give you-- 2197 02:03:36,850 --> 02:03:38,000 Never. Never. 2198 02:03:38,150 --> 02:03:40,930 Mr. President, the Russians have good physicists and abundant resources. 2199 02:03:40,940 --> 02:03:44,000 Abundance? 2200 02:03:44,000 --> 02:03:46,000 Yes. 2201 02:03:46,000 --> 02:03:51,510 I don't think so. 2202 02:03:51,530 --> 02:03:58,000 Well, don't put 2203 02:03:58,000 --> 02:04:27,000 everything they have in-- 2204 02:04:27,000 --> 02:04:45,000 I hear you're leaving Los Atoms. What should we do with it? 2205 02:04:45,000 --> 02:05:14,000 Give it back to the Indians. 2206 02:05:14,000 --> 02:05:25,000 Dr. Oppenheimer, if what 2207 02:05:25,050 --> 02:05:30,000 you say about the Soviets is 2208 02:05:30,000 --> 02:05:39,000 true, we have to build up Los Alamos, not shut it down. 2209 02:05:39,000 --> 02:05:48,000 Mr. President, I feel that I have flattened all my hands. 2210 02:05:48,870 --> 02:05:58,000 You think anyone in Hiroshima, Nagasaki, gives a shit who built the bomb? 2211 02:05:58,000 --> 02:06:00,000 They care who dropped it. I did. 2212 02:06:00,000 --> 02:06:20,000 Hiroshima isn't about you. 2213 02:06:20,200 --> 02:06:23,000 Dr. Oppenheimer. 2214 02:06:23,000 --> 02:06:32,000 Don't let that cry 2215 02:06:32,550 --> 02:06:36,000 make me back in here. 2216 02:06:36,000 --> 02:06:58,000 Robert saw that hand-wringing got him 2217 02:06:58,000 --> 02:07:12,000 nowhere, and by the time I met him, he fully 2218 02:07:12,000 --> 02:07:30,000 embraced his father's bomb reputation and used his profile to influence policy. 2219 02:07:30,000 --> 02:07:48,000 Dr. in the years following the 2220 02:07:48,000 --> 02:08:06,000 war, would you say that you 2221 02:08:06,000 --> 02:08:24,000 exerted a great influence on 2222 02:08:24,050 --> 02:08:47,000 the atomic policies of the USA? 2223 02:08:47,500 --> 02:08:54,000 I think great. 2224 02:08:54,000 --> 02:08:57,000 We know this, they meant it. 2225 02:08:57,850 --> 02:09:01,480 Really? We're going to be sure 2226 02:09:01,490 --> 02:09:05,000 of isotopes. We're not personally 2227 02:09:05,050 --> 02:09:08,000 responsible for destroying 2228 02:09:08,120 --> 02:09:10,000 all opposition to their export. 2229 02:09:10,150 --> 02:09:15,000 Can you, uh, about look beer? Making atomic weapons, in fact, you do. 2230 02:09:15,000 --> 02:09:18,000 I was the spokesman, but the opinion 2231 02:09:19,000 --> 02:09:22,000 among scientists was unanimous. 2232 02:09:23,900 --> 02:09:27,000 All along, McCarthy on the 2233 02:09:27,700 --> 02:09:33,980 rise, he knew he was vulnerable. 2234 02:09:33,990 --> 02:09:42,000 His brother was blacklisted by 2235 02:09:42,420 --> 02:09:45,000 every university in the country. 2236 02:09:45,550 --> 02:09:47,000 A woman in the squad working the railroad, laying track. 2237 02:09:47,150 --> 02:09:51,000 Like Chevalier, went into exile. 2238 02:09:55,200 --> 02:09:56,000 But none of that stopped Robert from pushing the 2239 02:09:56,000 --> 02:09:57,000 GAC to recommend arms control instead of the H-bomb. 2240 02:09:57,000 --> 02:09:58,000 He was devastated when Truman rejected their recommendation. 2241 02:09:58,400 --> 02:10:00,000 I miss Richard more than I can bear to think of. 2242 02:10:02,600 --> 02:10:08,000 I'm glad he didn't live to see what this is all about. 2243 02:10:08,100 --> 02:10:14,000 Here comes the 2244 02:10:24,100 --> 02:10:25,220 birthday boy. Pull out. 2245 02:10:25,250 --> 02:10:31,490 Have fun with him. 2246 02:10:31,500 --> 02:10:38,000 Robert, my son and his fiancée are best words 2247 02:10:45,500 --> 02:10:50,000 to me, the father of 2248 02:10:51,000 --> 02:11:08,000 the atomic bomb, so... 2249 02:11:08,900 --> 02:11:20,000 Suspect. What do 2250 02:11:20,650 --> 02:11:27,000 you think, Lewis? 2251 02:11:27,550 --> 02:11:36,000 I think I must have enveloped you. 2252 02:11:36,400 --> 02:11:49,000 To the world. 2253 02:11:49,300 --> 02:11:57,000 The world? What does fukes mean to the rest of the world? 2254 02:11:57,150 --> 02:12:07,750 Fukes. Class fukes. 2255 02:12:07,760 --> 02:12:18,000 Oh, dear. You haven't heard. 2256 02:12:18,000 --> 02:12:20,440 Class fukes. They're British scientists that 2257 02:12:20,450 --> 02:12:23,000 you put onto the implosion team at Los Alamos. 2258 02:12:23,000 --> 02:12:24,000 Turns out he was... 2259 02:12:24,000 --> 02:12:26,000 After the truth about fukes came up, the FBI stepped up surveillance on him. 2260 02:12:26,000 --> 02:12:29,130 He knew his phone was tapped. 2261 02:12:29,140 --> 02:12:32,000 He's fallen everywhere. 2262 02:12:32,350 --> 02:12:36,000 He's trashed big through. 2263 02:12:36,000 --> 02:12:40,000 But never stop speaking his mind. 2264 02:12:40,800 --> 02:12:44,750 Man of conviction. 2265 02:12:44,760 --> 02:12:49,000 And maybe he thought fame 2266 02:12:49,750 --> 02:12:54,000 could actually protect him. 2267 02:12:54,850 --> 02:12:58,000 When Eisenhower took 2268 02:12:58,870 --> 02:13:02,760 office, he saw one more chance. 2269 02:13:02,770 --> 02:13:07,000 He took it. 2270 02:13:07,450 --> 02:13:13,000 America and Russia maybe likened to two scorpions in a bottle. 2271 02:13:13,000 --> 02:13:16,000 Each capable of killing the other, but only at the risk of his own life. 2272 02:13:16,000 --> 02:13:20,000 There are various aspects of his policy. 2273 02:13:20,200 --> 02:13:26,000 Modern scientists blame me, but how was I supposed to protect him? 2274 02:13:26,200 --> 02:13:28,000 It's a too secret for discussion. 2275 02:13:28,000 --> 02:13:31,050 Candor is the only remedy. 2276 02:13:31,060 --> 02:13:34,000 Officials in Washington need to start leveling the American media. 2277 02:13:41,000 --> 02:13:45,000 That was last straw for Robert Sotomayor. 2278 02:13:46,000 --> 02:13:47,360 So he had to lose his security class. 2279 02:13:47,600 --> 02:13:50,000 And with it, his credibility. 2280 02:13:50,000 --> 02:13:54,000 But how could they do it? 2281 02:13:54,850 --> 02:13:58,000 It was a war hero. 2282 02:13:59,350 --> 02:14:02,000 He'd already told everyone about his past. 2283 02:14:03,450 --> 02:14:06,640 The board wouldn't have drenched it all up. 2284 02:14:06,650 --> 02:14:10,000 How could board get access to Oppenheimer's FBI file? 2285 02:14:10,850 --> 02:14:12,000 Could it have been Nichols? 2286 02:14:13,000 --> 02:14:17,000 No, I can't imagine if I could do that. 2287 02:14:19,250 --> 02:14:27,000 Whoever did, at least if I 2288 02:14:27,300 --> 02:14:29,000 were a storm that burned a 2289 02:14:30,100 --> 02:14:31,100 path from the White House, or to my desk, the A.E.C. 2290 02:14:31,150 --> 02:14:34,000 You see him in there, right? 2291 02:14:37,370 --> 02:14:40,000 I worked my whole life to get here. 2292 02:14:40,000 --> 02:14:42,000 To Canada, the United States of America, now and from the entire country. 2293 02:14:42,300 --> 02:14:46,000 They're going to put me back in my place. 2294 02:14:46,000 --> 02:14:50,000 A low-leaf shoe salesman. 2295 02:14:50,000 --> 02:14:52,000 Lewis, we can win this thing. 2296 02:14:52,400 --> 02:14:59,000 I think we can get the sun off the grass, but you did your duty. 2297 02:14:59,000 --> 02:15:06,000 A painful bill was. 2298 02:15:06,000 --> 02:15:08,000 Will Hill's testimony back us up? 2299 02:15:08,000 --> 02:15:12,000 Hill will be fine. 2300 02:15:12,000 --> 02:15:14,000 I don't really know him, but it was 2301 02:15:14,000 --> 02:15:16,000 when his Silveridge boys in Chicago 2302 02:15:16,000 --> 02:15:21,000 never forgave Robert for not supporting a petition against bombing Japan. 2303 02:15:21,000 --> 02:15:24,000 This was taken 31 days after the bombing. 2304 02:15:24,450 --> 02:15:27,000 Virtually everyone in the street, nearly a mile around, 2305 02:15:27,000 --> 02:15:29,000 was instantly and seriously burned. 2306 02:15:29,000 --> 02:15:31,000 The Japanese spoke of people who wore striped 2307 02:15:31,000 --> 02:15:33,000 clothing upon whom the skin was burned in stripes. 2308 02:15:33,000 --> 02:15:35,000 There were many who 2309 02:15:35,350 --> 02:15:37,070 thought themselves lucky, 2310 02:15:37,400 --> 02:15:40,000 who climbed out of the ruins of their homes, only slightly injured. 2311 02:15:40,000 --> 02:15:42,000 But they died anyway. 2312 02:15:42,100 --> 02:15:44,000 They died days or weeks later, 2313 02:15:44,550 --> 02:15:48,000 from the ritium-like rays emitted in great numbers at the moment of the explosion. 2314 02:15:48,000 --> 02:15:51,000 Did you read the scrap in the papers? 2315 02:15:51,300 --> 02:15:53,000 The British physicists say the atomic bombings 2316 02:15:53,900 --> 02:15:56,000 were not the last act of World War II, 2317 02:15:57,100 --> 02:16:01,000 but the first act of this Cold War with Russia. 2318 02:16:01,300 --> 02:16:04,000 Which physicist? 2319 02:16:04,600 --> 02:16:06,000 I think you knew him. Patrick Blackett. 2320 02:16:07,100 --> 02:16:09,000 They may not be wrong. Stimson is now telling me 2321 02:16:09,250 --> 02:16:12,000 they bound an enemy that was essentially defeated. 2322 02:16:12,000 --> 02:16:14,000 Robert, you have all the influence now. 2323 02:16:14,050 --> 02:16:16,000 Please, urge them to continue my research on the super. 2324 02:16:16,000 --> 02:16:17,000 Anything can or will, Edward. 2325 02:16:17,000 --> 02:16:20,000 Why not? It's not the right use of our resources. 2326 02:16:20,050 --> 02:16:24,000 Is that what you really believe? 2327 02:16:25,300 --> 02:16:29,000 Gee, Robert Oppenheimer, sphinx thy guru of the atom. 2328 02:16:29,650 --> 02:16:34,000 Nobody knows what you believe. 2329 02:16:34,650 --> 02:16:38,000 Do you? 2330 02:16:39,050 --> 02:16:42,800 One final time, our program director, Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer. 2331 02:16:42,810 --> 02:16:47,000 I hope that it used to come, and we'll look back on your work here with pride. 2332 02:16:47,650 --> 02:16:50,000 But today, that pride must be tempered with a profound concern. 2333 02:16:50,520 --> 02:16:55,000 If atomic weapons are to be added to the arsenals of a warring world, 2334 02:16:55,000 --> 02:16:58,000 then the day will come when people will curse the name of Los Alamos. 2335 02:16:58,400 --> 02:17:01,000 Sorry, I'm wrong. 2336 02:17:01,700 --> 02:17:07,000 Stop, doffs, forget this. 2337 02:17:08,250 --> 02:17:10,000 Seems pretty favorable. 2338 02:17:10,350 --> 02:17:12,880 There's Oppenheimer. What's the caption? 2339 02:17:12,890 --> 02:17:15,000 J. Robert Oppenheimer, straw is fought. 2340 02:17:15,170 --> 02:17:18,000 And the US won. 2341 02:17:18,650 --> 02:17:20,000 That'll work. 2342 02:17:20,000 --> 02:17:23,000 Those were your words from the other day. 2343 02:17:25,670 --> 02:17:28,270 We needed to pivot. 2344 02:17:28,280 --> 02:17:31,000 But how would you know what Time magazine's gonna write? 2345 02:17:31,000 --> 02:17:34,000 Henry Luce was a friend. 2346 02:17:35,100 --> 02:17:39,000 You sat here and let me tell you how it's done. 2347 02:17:39,200 --> 02:17:41,000 But you've been far ahead all along. 2348 02:17:41,200 --> 02:17:44,000 Survival in Washington. 2349 02:17:44,820 --> 02:17:46,100 I was about to know how to get things done. 2350 02:17:47,100 --> 02:17:51,000 Right. 2351 02:17:51,950 --> 02:17:54,000 What was it you said about Borden? 2352 02:17:55,000 --> 02:17:56,000 Why get caught holding the knife yourself? 2353 02:17:56,400 --> 02:18:02,000 I make it into the thing that Borden was holding the knife for you. 2354 02:18:02,000 --> 02:18:08,000 It's gonna come down to how much influence Borden's been able to observe. 2355 02:18:08,950 --> 02:18:13,000 Tell her. 2356 02:18:15,150 --> 02:18:19,000 Did I say something funny? 2357 02:18:20,150 --> 02:18:24,000 It's Borden, Borden, Borden. When we all know that it's straws. 2358 02:18:28,100 --> 02:18:30,000 It looks probably the prince's condition. 2359 02:18:30,450 --> 02:18:32,000 And then you're familiar with him in front of Congress. 2360 02:18:32,000 --> 02:18:34,000 But more useful than a center. 2361 02:18:35,250 --> 02:18:37,000 How many of these? 2362 02:18:37,400 --> 02:18:40,000 Maybe a little too well, Robert. 2363 02:18:42,550 --> 02:18:44,000 It was six years ago. 2364 02:18:44,950 --> 02:18:46,000 You know, they're truly vindictive. 2365 02:18:46,300 --> 02:18:48,000 Patient to say it's... 2366 02:18:48,300 --> 02:18:50,000 Straws has been perfectly clear that he is neutral. 2367 02:18:50,150 --> 02:18:52,370 Wake up! It is straws! 2368 02:18:52,400 --> 02:18:54,000 It's always been straws and you know it! 2369 02:18:54,050 --> 02:19:05,000 Wake up, you'll fight it. 2370 02:19:05,420 --> 02:19:07,000 It wasn't Nichols or Hoover, one of Truman's guys. It was you. 2371 02:19:07,950 --> 02:19:09,000 You gave the file to Borden. You set him on 2372 02:19:09,000 --> 02:19:12,000 Oppenheimer. You convinced him... Borden! 2373 02:19:12,000 --> 02:19:14,000 Didn't take any convincing. 2374 02:19:16,600 --> 02:19:18,000 Take your time using the entire file. 2375 02:19:18,000 --> 02:19:20,000 Write up your conclusions. Send them to the FBI. 2376 02:19:22,400 --> 02:19:25,000 The material's obviously extensive, but there's nothing new here. 2377 02:19:25,000 --> 02:19:32,000 Your conclusions will be in. 2378 02:19:32,000 --> 02:19:33,000 And they'll have to be answered. 2379 02:19:33,600 --> 02:19:35,000 Hoover passes them to McCarthy. 2380 02:19:35,150 --> 02:19:39,000 Oppenheimer's too slippery for that self-promoting clown. 2381 02:19:39,050 --> 02:19:42,000 I've talked it over with Hoover. Hold McCarthy 2382 02:19:42,020 --> 02:19:45,000 at bay while you do this with the AEC. 2383 02:19:45,000 --> 02:19:47,000 Trial. 2384 02:19:47,000 --> 02:19:53,000 No. No trial. You can't give Oppenheimer a platform. You can't martyr him. 2385 02:19:53,000 --> 02:19:55,000 We need a systematic destruction of Oppenheimer's credibility 2386 02:19:55,250 --> 02:19:57,000 so we can never again speak on matters of national security. 2387 02:19:57,050 --> 02:19:59,000 Then what? 2388 02:19:59,000 --> 02:20:00,000 We'll shut you around. Far from the limelight. 2389 02:20:00,200 --> 02:20:03,000 A simple bureaucratic procedure has cute clearance. It's up for renewal. 2390 02:20:03,050 --> 02:20:07,000 You send your accusations to the FBI. 2391 02:20:07,000 --> 02:20:09,000 Hoover sends them to the AEC. You're forced to act. 2392 02:20:09,500 --> 02:20:11,000 You write up an indictment. 2393 02:20:14,450 --> 02:20:19,000 But tell Oppenheimer his security 2394 02:20:19,650 --> 02:20:25,000 clearance must not be renewed. 2395 02:20:25,200 --> 02:20:27,000 But offer him the chance to appeal. 2396 02:20:27,650 --> 02:20:29,130 As you can see, Robert, it's not yet signed. May I keep this? 2397 02:20:29,500 --> 02:20:32,000 No. 2398 02:20:32,000 --> 02:20:36,000 If you do decide to appeal, don't let this into a copy. 2399 02:20:36,400 --> 02:20:38,000 When he appeals, and trust me, you will, I appoint a board. 2400 02:20:38,700 --> 02:20:40,000 They will, of course, have counted. 2401 02:20:40,750 --> 02:20:42,000 Prosecutor? 2402 02:20:42,720 --> 02:20:45,000 In all of his name. 2403 02:20:45,000 --> 02:20:47,720 Who? 2404 02:20:47,730 --> 02:20:50,000 Roger Rob. 2405 02:20:50,000 --> 02:20:51,000 Ouch. Rob will have security 2406 02:20:51,000 --> 02:20:57,000 clearance to examine Oppenheimer's file. 2407 02:20:58,000 --> 02:21:01,010 As will the great board. Defense counsel will not. 2408 02:21:01,020 --> 02:21:04,000 A closed hearing is so-called derogatory information in your indictment. 2409 02:21:04,000 --> 02:21:07,000 No audience, no reporters, no burden of proof. 2410 02:21:08,150 --> 02:21:11,000 No burden of proof. 2411 02:21:11,570 --> 02:21:21,000 We're not convicted. 2412 02:21:21,000 --> 02:21:25,000 Just an eye. 2413 02:21:25,500 --> 02:21:30,000 What is it you said? 2414 02:21:30,550 --> 02:21:32,000 This is just how the game is played. 2415 02:21:32,350 --> 02:21:36,000 Well, forgive my naivete. 2416 02:21:36,300 --> 02:21:38,000 Amateurs, you seek the sun, get eaten. 2417 02:21:38,150 --> 02:21:41,000 Power stays in the shadows. 2418 02:21:41,000 --> 02:21:42,000 But, sir, you're out of the shadows now. 2419 02:21:43,450 --> 02:21:46,000 Yeah, that's why this has to work. 2420 02:21:46,000 --> 02:21:51,000 Well, tell her she's testifying this morning. 2421 02:21:51,000 --> 02:21:54,000 That'll help. 2422 02:21:54,050 --> 02:21:56,000 And then Hill is in the afternoon. 2423 02:21:56,000 --> 02:21:57,000 Hill is gonna help us too. 2424 02:21:57,000 --> 02:21:58,000 As you can see, Robert, it's not your side. 2425 02:21:58,000 --> 02:21:59,000 May I keep this? 2426 02:21:59,100 --> 02:22:03,000 No. 2427 02:22:03,000 --> 02:22:06,000 If you do decide to appeal, then they'll have to send you a copy. 2428 02:22:07,770 --> 02:22:12,000 Take my current driver, my sister. 2429 02:22:12,050 --> 02:22:17,000 I'm not gonna sell my lawyers for this. 2430 02:22:17,200 --> 02:22:19,000 Of course not. 2431 02:22:19,100 --> 02:22:22,000 But don't take too long. 2432 02:22:23,150 --> 02:22:25,000 I can't keep Nichols a day. 2433 02:22:25,300 --> 02:22:32,000 I'm sorry it's come to this, Robert. 2434 02:22:33,250 --> 02:22:36,000 I think it's wrong. 2435 02:22:37,000 --> 02:22:39,000 Nichols wants me to find him so he can get it all on the record. 2436 02:22:39,100 --> 02:22:44,000 Stross wants me to walk away. 2437 02:22:44,300 --> 02:22:47,000 Stross knows that you can't do that. 2438 02:22:47,650 --> 02:22:50,000 You'd be accepting the charges. 2439 02:22:50,420 --> 02:22:52,000 You'll lose your job. 2440 02:22:52,450 --> 02:22:57,000 You will lose your reputation. 2441 02:22:57,000 --> 02:22:58,000 We'll lose our house! 2442 02:22:58,100 --> 02:23:01,000 Robert, we have to fight. 2443 02:23:01,250 --> 02:23:03,000 As an AC Council, I can't represent you. 2444 02:23:04,870 --> 02:23:08,000 I'll call Lloyd Garrison. 2445 02:23:08,000 --> 02:23:09,000 Oh, he's got the best. 2446 02:23:09,150 --> 02:23:11,000 But I have to warn you. 2447 02:23:12,100 --> 02:23:18,000 This won't be a fair fight. 2448 02:23:19,270 --> 02:23:24,000 During your interview with Boris Pash in 1943, did you refer to microfilm? 2449 02:23:24,050 --> 02:23:30,000 No. 2450 02:23:30,000 --> 02:23:31,000 Tap 11. 2451 02:23:31,720 --> 02:23:33,000 Thanks for my paragraph. 2452 02:23:33,000 --> 02:23:35,000 Have you never said man of the consulate and expert in the use of microfilm? 2453 02:23:35,500 --> 02:23:43,000 I'm sorry. I'm sorry. 2454 02:23:43,000 --> 02:23:45,000 I would like to know what document Mr. Robb is 2455 02:23:58,000 --> 02:24:01,000 quoting from and if we might be furnished with a copy. 2456 02:24:01,000 --> 02:24:03,000 The document is classified, Mr. Garrison. 2457 02:24:03,050 --> 02:24:06,000 I think we should get back to first-hand information. 2458 02:24:06,000 --> 02:24:09,000 It's his first-hand. 2459 02:24:09,000 --> 02:24:10,000 How so, Roger? 2460 02:24:10,000 --> 02:24:12,000 There was a recording at the interview. 2461 02:24:12,000 --> 02:24:13,000 You let my client sit here and potentially perjure 2462 02:24:13,000 --> 02:24:15,000 himself, and all this time you had a recording? 2463 02:24:18,850 --> 02:24:20,450 Nobody told your client to 2464 02:24:21,400 --> 02:24:22,000 misrepresent his former answer. 2465 02:24:22,000 --> 02:24:24,000 It was 12 years ago. Can we hear this recording? 2466 02:24:24,200 --> 02:24:27,000 You don't have the clearance, Mr. Garrison. 2467 02:24:29,150 --> 02:24:30,230 You were giving it to some front-cut. 2468 02:24:30,850 --> 02:24:35,000 Please, please. Is this proceeding interested in entrapment or in truth? 2469 02:24:35,000 --> 02:24:36,000 If it's truth, where's the disclosure? Where's the witness list? 2470 02:24:36,000 --> 02:24:37,000 Mr. Garris, this isn't a trial because you are 2471 02:24:37,000 --> 02:24:38,000 well aware. Evidentiary rules do not apply. 2472 02:24:38,000 --> 02:24:42,000 We are dealing with national security. 2473 02:24:42,000 --> 02:24:43,000 Yes, sir. With all due respect, I 2474 02:24:43,000 --> 02:24:44,840 fail to see how national security 2475 02:24:44,850 --> 02:24:47,040 prevents the prosecution from providing us with a list of witnesses. 2476 02:24:47,100 --> 02:24:49,000 Joanne, you have my words. 2477 02:24:49,000 --> 02:24:51,000 She's either from a transcript or not accepted. 2478 02:24:51,000 --> 02:24:52,000 I've already explained how 2479 02:24:52,250 --> 02:24:54,000 I made a recoccan-full story. 2480 02:24:56,000 --> 02:24:58,000 Then why would anyone make up such an elaborate story? 2481 02:24:58,000 --> 02:25:03,140 Because I was an idiot. 2482 02:25:03,150 --> 02:25:08,000 Why lie? 2483 02:25:08,000 --> 02:25:11,000 Well, clearly with the intention of not revealing who the intermediary was. 2484 02:25:11,220 --> 02:25:14,000 Your friend, Paquon Chanaali, here the commist. 2485 02:25:14,000 --> 02:25:16,000 He's still your friend? 2486 02:25:16,000 --> 02:25:18,000 Yes. 2487 02:25:18,070 --> 02:25:22,000 Dr. Rami, thank you for coming. 2488 02:25:22,650 --> 02:25:26,000 Now, how has the prosecution has come? 2489 02:25:26,000 --> 02:25:28,570 Tell her, obviously, they passed the laws. 2490 02:25:28,580 --> 02:25:31,000 What did he say? 2491 02:25:31,000 --> 02:25:33,000 He wasn't going down to them. 2492 02:25:33,000 --> 02:25:36,950 But Frost told him that you and Ruth Dohmen have been having an affair for years. 2493 02:25:36,970 --> 02:25:41,000 The whole time he looked at them in Pasadena, he 2494 02:25:41,000 --> 02:25:43,000 convinced Lawrence that Richard died of a broken heart. 2495 02:25:43,000 --> 02:25:46,000 Mr. Surd, what's the heart? 2496 02:25:46,120 --> 02:25:49,000 A broken heart. 2497 02:25:49,050 --> 02:25:52,000 Richard never found out. 2498 02:25:52,050 --> 02:25:54,000 As long as it's gonna testify. 2499 02:25:54,200 --> 02:25:56,000 I don't know. 2500 02:25:56,150 --> 02:26:00,000 Dr. Rabi, what governmental positions do you currently hold? 2501 02:26:00,470 --> 02:26:03,000 I'm the chairman of the General Advisory 2502 02:26:03,450 --> 02:26:05,000 Committee to the EIC, succeeding Dr. Oppenheimer. 2503 02:26:05,150 --> 02:26:07,000 And how long have you 2504 02:26:08,670 --> 02:26:11,000 known Dr. Oppenheimer? 2505 02:26:11,000 --> 02:26:13,000 Since 1928, I know him quite well. 2506 02:26:13,070 --> 02:26:18,000 Well enough to speak to the bearing of his loyalty and character. 2507 02:26:18,000 --> 02:26:19,000 Dr. Oppenheimer is a man of upstanding character. 2508 02:26:19,000 --> 02:26:21,000 And he is loyal to the 2509 02:26:21,100 --> 02:26:27,000 United States, to his 2510 02:26:27,650 --> 02:26:30,130 friends, to the institutions at which he is part. 2511 02:26:30,140 --> 02:26:33,000 Eat. 2512 02:26:33,000 --> 02:26:35,000 Who's that? 2513 02:26:35,000 --> 02:26:37,000 Nothing to worry about. 2514 02:26:37,400 --> 02:26:39,000 After the Russian A-bomb test, Dr. Lawrence came to see you about the hydrogen bomb. 2515 02:26:39,800 --> 02:26:41,000 You'd be better off asking him. 2516 02:26:41,600 --> 02:26:43,000 What? 2517 02:26:43,400 --> 02:26:48,000 What would you intend to? 2518 02:26:48,000 --> 02:26:50,680 Would you say that Dr. Oppenheimer 2519 02:26:50,690 --> 02:26:54,000 was unalterably opposed to the H-bomb? 2520 02:26:54,000 --> 02:26:56,000 No, he thought that a fusion program would come at 2521 02:26:56,850 --> 02:27:01,000 the expense of our off-the-good fission program. 2522 02:27:01,000 --> 02:27:05,000 But that proved not to be the case. 2523 02:27:05,150 --> 02:27:09,000 In the event both could be done. 2524 02:27:09,300 --> 02:27:12,450 Suppose that this board did not feel satisfied that in his 2525 02:27:12,470 --> 02:27:16,000 testimony here, Dr. Oppenheimer had been wholly truthful. 2526 02:27:17,150 --> 02:27:18,150 What would you say whether or not he should be cleared? 2527 02:27:23,800 --> 02:27:38,000 Why go through all this against the man who 2528 02:27:38,050 --> 02:27:39,000 has accomplished with Dr. Oppenheimer's hands? 2529 02:27:39,000 --> 02:27:47,000 Look at his record. 2530 02:27:47,600 --> 02:27:49,000 We have an A-bomb and all series of it. 2531 02:27:49,100 --> 02:27:50,000 We have all series of super bombs. 2532 02:27:50,000 --> 02:27:51,000 What more do you want? 2533 02:27:51,150 --> 02:27:55,000 My mates. 2534 02:27:55,000 --> 02:27:58,050 But I've known Secretary Stoltz for many years, and 2535 02:27:58,060 --> 02:28:01,000 I feel the necessity to express the warm support. 2536 02:28:01,100 --> 02:28:03,000 For science and scientists, Louis de Chon. 2537 02:28:03,200 --> 02:28:05,000 But right now, unless there's any... Senator, I'd like to once again request that 2538 02:28:05,700 --> 02:28:08,860 we're furnished with a list of witnesses. 2539 02:28:08,870 --> 02:28:12,000 And I will remind the nominee that we don't 2540 02:28:12,450 --> 02:28:14,000 always have that information in advance. 2541 02:28:14,000 --> 02:28:16,400 We do know that Dr. Hill will be here after lunch. 2542 02:28:16,410 --> 02:28:19,000 Mr. Chairman, our next scheduled witness, 2543 02:28:19,000 --> 02:28:20,000 Dr. Lawrence, has apparently come down with colitis. 2544 02:28:20,900 --> 02:28:23,000 So we're proceeding with William Borden instead. 2545 02:28:23,100 --> 02:28:24,000 Mr. Borden, please take a seat. 2546 02:28:24,050 --> 02:28:26,000 Mr. Borden, hearing your investigation into 2547 02:28:26,000 --> 02:28:27,000 Dr. Oppenheimer, did you reach certain conclusions? 2548 02:28:28,150 --> 02:28:31,120 I did. 2549 02:28:31,130 --> 02:28:34,000 And did there come a time when you expressed those conclusions in 2550 02:28:34,000 --> 02:28:37,000 a letter to Mr. J. Gopover, the Federal Bureau of Investigation? 2551 02:28:37,000 --> 02:28:43,090 That is correct. 2552 02:28:43,100 --> 02:28:46,000 Prior to the writing of the letter, did you discuss the writing of 2553 02:28:46,420 --> 02:28:50,000 the letter with anybody attached to the Atomic Energy Commission? 2554 02:28:50,000 --> 02:28:53,000 I did not. 2555 02:28:53,250 --> 02:28:55,770 I did not. 2556 02:28:55,780 --> 02:28:59,000 You actually did recall the letter when in front of me. 2557 02:29:02,150 --> 02:29:05,000 Would you please be so kind as to me if so? 2558 02:29:05,070 --> 02:29:09,000 Dear Mr. Hoover, the purpose of this letter... 2559 02:29:10,400 --> 02:29:13,400 I'm sorry, I'm sorry if I could have... 2560 02:29:13,410 --> 02:29:17,000 What is the purpose of the delay? 2561 02:29:17,000 --> 02:29:18,000 You're simply going to read the letter. 2562 02:29:18,300 --> 02:29:21,160 Mr. Chairman, this is the first I've seen of this letter. 2563 02:29:21,170 --> 02:29:24,000 And I see statements here, at least one of a kind, that I 2564 02:29:24,000 --> 02:29:25,000 don't think anyone would like to see go into the record. 2565 02:29:25,200 --> 02:29:27,600 These are accusations 2566 02:29:27,610 --> 02:29:30,000 that have not previously been 2567 02:29:30,000 --> 02:29:31,000 made, that are not part of the indictment from Nichols. 2568 02:29:31,000 --> 02:29:32,000 These are accusations of a kind that I don't think belong here. 2569 02:29:32,000 --> 02:29:34,200 The witness wrote this letter on his own initiative, 2570 02:29:34,450 --> 02:29:37,000 laying out evidence that has 2571 02:29:37,600 --> 02:29:40,000 already been before the board. 2572 02:29:40,120 --> 02:29:42,000 His conclusions are valid testimony, just like the positive 2573 02:29:42,050 --> 02:29:46,000 conclusions of friends of Dr. Oppenheimer. It cuts both ways. 2574 02:29:46,300 --> 02:29:49,000 How long has counsel been in possession of this letter? 2575 02:29:49,800 --> 02:29:52,410 I don't think I should be subject to cross-examination by you, Mr. Garrison. 2576 02:29:52,420 --> 02:29:55,000 Mr. Garrison, given that we're on the board and have all read 2577 02:29:55,000 --> 02:29:57,390 the letter, wouldn't it be 2578 02:29:57,400 --> 02:30:00,000 better to have it in the record? 2579 02:30:00,150 --> 02:30:03,000 Let's proceed. 2580 02:30:03,000 --> 02:30:04,870 Dear Mr. Hoover, The purpose of 2581 02:30:04,880 --> 02:30:07,020 this letter is to state my opinion, based 2582 02:30:07,050 --> 02:30:09,960 upon years of study of the 2583 02:30:09,970 --> 02:30:13,000 available classified evidence, 2584 02:30:13,650 --> 02:30:16,000 that more probably than not, J. Robert Oppenheimer is an agent of the Soviet Union. 2585 02:30:16,000 --> 02:30:20,000 The following conclusions are justified. 2586 02:30:20,320 --> 02:30:22,770 One, between 1929 and 1942, more probably than not, J. Robert Oppenheimer was a 2587 02:30:22,780 --> 02:30:25,160 sufficiently hardened communist that he volunteered information to the Soviets. 2588 02:30:25,800 --> 02:30:27,000 Two, more probably than not, he has since been functioning as an espionage agent. 2589 02:30:29,000 --> 02:30:34,450 Three, more probably than not, he has since acted under a 2590 02:30:34,470 --> 02:30:38,000 Soviet directive influencing the United States military policy. 2591 02:30:38,000 --> 02:30:45,000 I'm sorry, Robert. 2592 02:30:45,000 --> 02:30:48,000 Is anyone else ever going to tell the truth about what's happening here? 2593 02:30:48,000 --> 02:30:52,980 We will now hear from Dr. David Hill. 2594 02:30:53,000 --> 02:30:58,000 Dr. Hill, would you care to make a statement? 2595 02:30:58,000 --> 02:31:04,000 Thank you. 2596 02:31:04,000 --> 02:31:08,260 I have been asked to testify about Louis Straws, a man who 2597 02:31:08,270 --> 02:31:13,000 has given years of service in high positions of government 2598 02:31:13,000 --> 02:31:14,000 and who is known to be earnest, 2599 02:31:14,220 --> 02:31:20,000 hardworking and intelligent. 2600 02:31:20,000 --> 02:31:23,000 The views I have to express are my own, but I 2601 02:31:23,000 --> 02:31:36,000 believe that much I have to say will help to indicate 2602 02:31:36,000 --> 02:31:39,000 why most of the scientists in this country would prefer to see Mr. Straws completely out of government. 2603 02:31:39,900 --> 02:31:43,930 You're referring to the hostility of certain scientists directed toward Mr. Straws 2604 02:31:43,950 --> 02:31:48,000 because of his commitment to security as demonstrated in the Oppenheimer affair? 2605 02:31:48,050 --> 02:31:54,000 No. Because of the personal vindictiveness he demonstrated against Dr. Oppenheimer. 2606 02:31:55,200 --> 02:32:02,440 Order! Order! 2607 02:32:02,450 --> 02:32:10,000 It appears the most scientists around this country, Robert Oppenheimer, is now 2608 02:32:10,000 --> 02:32:16,560 being pilloried and put through an ordeal because he expressed his honest opinions. 2609 02:32:16,580 --> 02:32:23,000 Dr. Bush, I thought I was performing a service to my country when nearing this case. 2610 02:32:24,300 --> 02:32:32,000 No board in this country should sit in judgment 2611 02:32:32,000 --> 02:32:35,000 of a man because he expressed his strong opinions. 2612 02:32:35,000 --> 02:32:41,280 If you want to try that case, you should try me. 2613 02:32:41,290 --> 02:32:48,000 Excuse me, gentlemen, if I become stirred, but I am. 2614 02:32:48,020 --> 02:32:52,000 Dr. Hill, we've already heard that Mr. Straws did not bring the 2615 02:32:52,000 --> 02:32:55,380 charges or participate in the 2616 02:32:55,390 --> 02:32:59,000 hearings against Dr. Oppenheimer. 2617 02:32:59,100 --> 02:33:02,880 The Oppenheimer matter 2618 02:33:02,890 --> 02:33:07,000 was initiated and carried 2619 02:33:07,000 --> 02:33:10,980 through, largely through the animus of Louis Straws. 2620 02:33:11,000 --> 02:33:15,000 Oppenheimer made men speak out of Straws' position on the shipments of 2621 02:33:15,000 --> 02:33:18,340 isotopes to Norway and Straws never forgave him this public humiliation. 2622 02:33:18,360 --> 02:33:22,000 Another controversy between them centered around their differences 2623 02:33:22,400 --> 02:33:27,120 in judgment on how the age-old would contribute to national security. 2624 02:33:27,130 --> 02:33:32,000 Straws turned to the personal security system 2625 02:33:33,000 --> 02:33:35,920 in order to destroy Oppenheimer's effectiveness. 2626 02:33:35,930 --> 02:33:39,000 And Straws was able to find a few ambitious men who also disagreed with 2627 02:33:39,000 --> 02:33:41,890 Oppenheimer's positions and envied him his prestige in government circles. 2628 02:33:41,900 --> 02:33:45,000 I've always assumed and still assume that he's loyal to the United States. 2629 02:33:45,000 --> 02:33:49,390 I believe this and I shall leave it until I see very conclusive truth to the others. 2630 02:33:49,400 --> 02:33:54,000 Do you or do you not believe that Dr. Oppenheimer is a security risk? 2631 02:33:54,000 --> 02:33:59,000 In a great number of cases I've seen Dr. Oppenheimer act 2632 02:33:59,600 --> 02:34:04,000 in a way which was to me exceedingly hard to understand. 2633 02:34:04,250 --> 02:34:08,000 I thoroughly disagree with him in numerous issues and his 2634 02:34:11,850 --> 02:34:14,910 actions frankly appear to me confused and complicated. 2635 02:34:14,920 --> 02:34:18,000 To this extent, I feel I want 2636 02:34:18,820 --> 02:34:21,470 to see the vital interests of this 2637 02:34:21,480 --> 02:34:24,000 country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust more. 2638 02:34:24,720 --> 02:34:28,720 Thank you, sir. Thank you. 2639 02:34:28,730 --> 02:34:33,000 Sorry. 2640 02:34:34,450 --> 02:34:36,000 You shook his fucking hand? 2641 02:34:40,000 --> 02:34:41,000 Oh, I could have spit in his face. 2642 02:34:41,000 --> 02:34:45,000 I'm not sure the border would have appreciated that. 2643 02:34:45,000 --> 02:34:48,000 Isn't that gentlemanly enough for you? I think 2644 02:34:48,000 --> 02:34:50,080 you're all being too goddamn gentlemanly. 2645 02:34:50,300 --> 02:34:52,770 Gray must see what Rob is doing. Why doesn't it just shut him down? 2646 02:34:52,780 --> 02:34:55,000 And you shaking towers again? 2647 02:34:55,050 --> 02:34:59,000 You need to stop playing the martyr. 2648 02:34:59,000 --> 02:35:01,000 Under the current AEC guidelines, would you clear Dr. Oppenheimer today? 2649 02:35:02,600 --> 02:35:05,000 Under my interpretation of the Atomic Energy Act, which 2650 02:35:06,200 --> 02:35:11,000 did not exist when I hired Dr. Oppenheimer in 1942, 2651 02:35:16,950 --> 02:35:21,630 I would not clear him today if I were on the Commission. 2652 02:35:21,640 --> 02:35:26,000 Good. Thank you, General. That is all. But I don't 2653 02:35:27,500 --> 02:35:33,000 think I'd clear any of those guys. That's all. 2654 02:35:33,200 --> 02:35:35,680 Dr. Oppenheimer had no responsibility in the 2655 02:35:35,700 --> 02:35:38,000 selection or the clearance of class views, did he? 2656 02:35:41,350 --> 02:35:43,510 No. None at all. 2657 02:35:43,520 --> 02:35:46,000 And you wouldn't want to leave this board with any suggestion today that you're 2658 02:35:46,000 --> 02:35:47,000 questioning his basic loyalty to the United States in the operation of Los Alamos? 2659 02:35:47,650 --> 02:35:51,240 By no means. I hope I didn't lead anyone to believe otherwise for an instant. 2660 02:35:51,250 --> 02:35:55,000 Thank you, General. 2661 02:35:55,100 --> 02:36:00,000 You shouldn't keep them waiting. 2662 02:36:01,150 --> 02:36:03,000 She'll be here. 2663 02:36:07,650 --> 02:36:22,000 Do you even want her here? 2664 02:36:22,000 --> 02:36:23,000 Would her fool or an adolescent presume to know someone 2665 02:36:23,000 --> 02:36:25,000 else's relationship? And you neither have a lawyer. 2666 02:36:30,550 --> 02:36:32,750 Kitty and I are grown-ups. We've walked through fire together. You will do fine. 2667 02:36:32,770 --> 02:36:34,830 Will you describe your views on Communism as pro-anti-neutral? 2668 02:36:36,000 --> 02:36:42,000 Very strongly against. I have nothing to do with Communism since 1936, 2669 02:36:43,350 --> 02:36:47,000 since before I met Robert. 2670 02:36:48,600 --> 02:36:53,000 That's all. 2671 02:36:54,000 --> 02:36:56,000 The record demonstrates that Oppenheimer was not interrogated 2672 02:36:56,000 --> 02:36:58,000 by impartial and disinterested counsel for the Grey Board. 2673 02:36:59,900 --> 02:37:02,500 He was interrogated by a prosecutor who used all 2674 02:37:02,510 --> 02:37:05,000 the tricks of a rather ingenious legal background. 2675 02:37:05,000 --> 02:37:07,920 You are charging now that the Grey Board permitted a prosecution. 2676 02:37:07,930 --> 02:37:11,000 If I were on the Grey Board, I would have protested against the 2677 02:37:11,050 --> 02:37:15,000 tactics of the man who served, in fact, as the prosecuting counsel. 2678 02:37:15,820 --> 02:37:19,290 A man appointed not by the Board, but by Louis Straus. 2679 02:37:19,300 --> 02:37:23,000 Who was this? 2680 02:37:23,000 --> 02:37:27,000 I'm sorry? 2681 02:37:30,100 --> 02:37:31,000 Who was this? 2682 02:37:31,000 --> 02:37:33,000 Roger Roberts. 2683 02:37:33,000 --> 02:37:35,000 Mrs. Oppenheimer. 2684 02:37:36,050 --> 02:37:37,050 Did you have a Communist Party membership card? 2685 02:37:37,900 --> 02:37:39,000 I'm... I'm not sure. 2686 02:37:43,750 --> 02:37:46,000 Not sure. 2687 02:37:46,000 --> 02:37:49,000 Well. 2688 02:37:49,000 --> 02:37:50,000 Well? 2689 02:37:50,000 --> 02:37:51,000 I mean, presumably the act of joining the party 2690 02:37:53,700 --> 02:37:57,000 required sending some money and receiving a card, no? 2691 02:37:58,450 --> 02:38:05,270 Yeah. 2692 02:38:05,280 --> 02:38:13,000 Sorry. 2693 02:38:13,300 --> 02:38:17,000 Yes? 2694 02:38:19,000 --> 02:38:20,000 It's just it was all so very long ago. 2695 02:38:20,000 --> 02:38:25,000 Mr. Robert wasn't able to do it long enough to have forgotten. 2696 02:38:25,000 --> 02:38:27,000 Not really. 2697 02:38:27,000 --> 02:38:32,000 Would you return the card or rip it up? 2698 02:38:32,000 --> 02:38:34,000 The card whose existence I've forgotten. 2699 02:38:34,000 --> 02:38:35,000 The Communist Party membership card. 2700 02:38:35,000 --> 02:38:36,120 Having the slightest idea. 2701 02:38:36,150 --> 02:38:38,000 Can a distinction be made between Soviet Communism and Communism? 2702 02:38:38,050 --> 02:38:39,000 Well, in the days when I was a member, I thought there were definitely two things. 2703 02:38:39,050 --> 02:38:41,000 I thought that the Communist Party of the United 2704 02:38:44,350 --> 02:38:48,000 States was concerned with our domestic problems. 2705 02:38:49,250 --> 02:38:51,270 I now no longer believe this. 2706 02:38:51,300 --> 02:38:53,630 They've all things linked together and spread all over the world. 2707 02:38:53,650 --> 02:38:56,000 And I've believed this since I left the party. 2708 02:38:56,050 --> 02:38:58,000 Sixteen years ago. 2709 02:38:58,700 --> 02:39:01,000 Oh, seventeen years ago. 2710 02:39:01,000 --> 02:39:03,000 My mistake. 2711 02:39:03,000 --> 02:39:05,000 But you... Sorry, eighteen. 2712 02:39:05,000 --> 02:39:06,000 Eighteen years ago. 2713 02:39:06,000 --> 02:39:07,000 Are you familiar with the 2714 02:39:07,000 --> 02:39:09,000 fact your husband was making 2715 02:39:09,000 --> 02:39:12,000 contributions to the Spanish Civil War's latest national anthem? 2716 02:39:13,650 --> 02:39:15,170 The Civil War's latest 1942. 2717 02:39:15,180 --> 02:39:17,000 I knew that Robert gave money from time to time. 2718 02:39:17,000 --> 02:39:19,000 Did you know this money was going into Communist Party channels? 2719 02:39:19,000 --> 02:39:21,000 Don't you mean through? 2720 02:39:21,120 --> 02:39:24,000 Pardon? 2721 02:39:24,000 --> 02:39:25,000 Thank you. It means through Communist Party channels, don't you? 2722 02:39:25,000 --> 02:39:26,000 Yes. 2723 02:39:26,000 --> 02:39:29,000 Yes. 2724 02:39:29,000 --> 02:39:30,000 Yes. 2725 02:39:30,000 --> 02:39:31,000 Then would it be fair to say that this meant that by 1942 your 2726 02:39:31,000 --> 02:39:32,000 husband did not stop having anything to do with the Communist Party? 2727 02:39:32,070 --> 02:39:35,360 You don't have to answer that yes or no. You can answer that any way you wish. 2728 02:39:35,370 --> 02:39:39,000 I know that. Thank you. 2729 02:39:39,500 --> 02:39:42,270 It's your question. It's not properly phrased. 2730 02:39:42,300 --> 02:39:44,000 Do you understand what I'm getting at? 2731 02:39:44,100 --> 02:39:47,000 I do. 2732 02:39:47,000 --> 02:39:48,070 Why don't you answer that? 2733 02:39:48,100 --> 02:39:49,000 Because I don't like your phrase having anything to do with the Communist 2734 02:39:49,000 --> 02:39:50,000 Party because Robert never had anything to do with the Communist Party as such. 2735 02:39:50,000 --> 02:39:53,350 I know he gave money to Spanish refugees. I know he 2736 02:39:53,360 --> 02:39:57,000 took an intellectual interest in Communist ideas. 2737 02:39:57,350 --> 02:40:00,210 The two types of Communists. Intellectual 2738 02:40:00,230 --> 02:40:03,000 Communists and your plain old regular Communist. 2739 02:40:03,000 --> 02:40:05,290 Well, I couldn't answer that one. 2740 02:40:05,300 --> 02:40:08,000 I couldn't either. 2741 02:40:08,400 --> 02:40:11,000 Robert, you can't win this thing. It's a kangaroo court with 2742 02:40:11,100 --> 02:40:13,000 a predetermined outcome. I put yourself through more of it. 2743 02:40:15,250 --> 02:40:21,160 I had my reasons. 2744 02:40:21,170 --> 02:40:27,000 He has that point. 2745 02:40:27,600 --> 02:40:29,000 I'm not sure you understand, Albert. 2746 02:40:30,550 --> 02:40:39,000 No. 2747 02:40:39,550 --> 02:40:42,000 I left my country. Never talk with her. 2748 02:40:42,000 --> 02:40:43,000 You served your country well. 2749 02:40:44,050 --> 02:40:46,000 If this is the reward she offers you, then perhaps you should turn your back on her. 2750 02:40:47,500 --> 02:40:49,000 Damn it. I haven't been off this country. 2751 02:40:49,900 --> 02:40:55,000 Then tell them to go to hell. 2752 02:40:55,250 --> 02:40:58,000 Interesting, Leon. There's no longer an information hearing. It's now a trial. 2753 02:40:58,000 --> 02:41:01,000 About a trial? 2754 02:41:02,250 --> 02:41:07,000 It's not good he's telling 2755 02:41:07,350 --> 02:41:09,000 everyone you initiated the hearings. 2756 02:41:10,200 --> 02:41:13,000 He can't prove a goddamn thing. He certainly 2757 02:41:13,000 --> 02:41:19,000 can't prove that I gave file court. 2758 02:41:19,300 --> 02:41:22,000 We're not in court, sir. 2759 02:41:22,050 --> 02:41:24,000 There's no burden of proof. 2760 02:41:25,450 --> 02:41:30,000 Right. They're not convicted. 2761 02:41:30,100 --> 02:41:33,000 Just denying. Why would he all come 2762 02:41:33,000 --> 02:41:35,750 here to tear me down? What's the angle? 2763 02:41:35,760 --> 02:41:39,000 Do people need a reason to do the right thing as he sees it? 2764 02:41:39,000 --> 02:41:45,000 I told you. Up and under, the court is going to 2765 02:41:45,700 --> 02:41:49,000 science this against me, right from that first meeting. 2766 02:41:49,000 --> 02:41:52,250 I don't know. But Oppenheimer said to him that day would last time even meet my eye. 2767 02:41:52,260 --> 02:41:55,000 Oppenheimer knows how to manipulate his own. 2768 02:41:55,350 --> 02:41:58,000 He levels elbows. He prayed on the night of day as scientists 2769 02:41:58,150 --> 02:42:00,920 thought they'd get a say in how he used their work. 2770 02:42:00,930 --> 02:42:04,000 They'll never think he was that naive himself. 2771 02:42:05,250 --> 02:42:08,000 Doctor, during your work on the hydrogen 2772 02:42:08,500 --> 02:42:12,000 bomb, were you deterred by any moral qualms? 2773 02:42:12,000 --> 02:42:14,000 Yes, of course. But you still got on with your work, didn't you? 2774 02:42:14,000 --> 02:42:16,440 Yes, because this was worth exploration and was not the preparation of a weapon. 2775 02:42:16,450 --> 02:42:19,000 You mean it was more of an academic excursion? 2776 02:42:19,000 --> 02:42:22,000 No, it was not an academic thing. It was that you could 2777 02:42:22,200 --> 02:42:24,000 build a hydrogen bomb. It was a matter of life and death. 2778 02:42:24,000 --> 02:42:26,000 By 1942, you were actively pushing the development of the hydrogen bomb. 2779 02:42:26,200 --> 02:42:28,560 Were you pushing the stuff that I'm working on? 2780 02:42:28,570 --> 02:42:31,000 Supporting it and working on it. Yes. 2781 02:42:31,220 --> 02:42:33,640 When did these moral qualms become so strong that you 2782 02:42:33,660 --> 02:42:36,000 actively opposed the development of the hydrogen bomb? 2783 02:42:36,150 --> 02:42:38,380 When it was suggested that it be the policy of the 2784 02:42:38,390 --> 02:42:41,000 United States to make these things at all costs, 2785 02:42:41,050 --> 02:42:45,000 without regard to the balance between these 2786 02:42:45,150 --> 02:42:48,000 weapons and atomic weapons as part of our arsenal. 2787 02:42:48,050 --> 02:42:50,000 What moral qualms have to do with that? 2788 02:42:50,000 --> 02:42:53,040 What moral qualms have to do with it? 2789 02:42:53,050 --> 02:42:56,000 Yes. Oppenheimer wanted to own the atomic bomb. 2790 02:42:56,000 --> 02:42:59,000 He wanted to be the man who moved the earth. He talks 2791 02:42:59,000 --> 02:43:03,000 about putting the nuclear chain back in the bottle. 2792 02:43:03,000 --> 02:43:09,000 Well, I'm here to tell you that I know one. 2793 02:43:09,000 --> 02:43:14,000 J. Robert Oppenheimer, if he could do it all over, he'd do it all the same. 2794 02:43:14,150 --> 02:43:18,000 You know he's never once said that he regrets Hiroshima. He'd do it all over. Why? 2795 02:43:18,000 --> 02:43:20,090 Because it means him the most important man who ever lived. 2796 02:43:20,100 --> 02:43:22,000 Well, we freely used the atomic bomb. 2797 02:43:22,000 --> 02:43:23,000 In fact, Dr. Yew resisted in selecting the target 2798 02:43:23,000 --> 02:43:26,000 to drop the atomic bomb on Japan, didn't he? 2799 02:43:26,000 --> 02:43:29,000 Yes. 2800 02:43:29,000 --> 02:43:32,000 Well, then you knew, did you know that by dropping that atomic bomb on the target, 2801 02:43:32,000 --> 02:43:35,000 you selected the thousands of civilians with the killer injured. Is that correct? 2802 02:43:35,000 --> 02:43:36,000 Yes. Not as many as turned out. 2803 02:43:36,000 --> 02:43:39,000 Oh. How many were killed in it? 2804 02:43:39,000 --> 02:43:41,000 Seventy thousand. 2805 02:43:41,000 --> 02:43:44,000 Seventy thousand of both Hiroshima and... One hundred and ten thousand of both. 2806 02:43:44,000 --> 02:43:47,000 On the day of each bombing. 2807 02:43:47,000 --> 02:43:49,000 Yes. One of the weeks and years of follow. 2808 02:43:49,000 --> 02:43:50,000 It has been put at somewhere between fifty and one hundred thousand. 2809 02:43:50,000 --> 02:43:52,000 Two hundred and twenty thousand dead at least. 2810 02:43:52,000 --> 02:43:54,000 Yes. 2811 02:43:54,000 --> 02:43:58,000 And moral scoop was about that. 2812 02:43:58,000 --> 02:44:00,000 Terrible ones. 2813 02:44:00,000 --> 02:44:02,000 But did you testify to me or that the bombing of Hiroshima was very successful? 2814 02:44:02,000 --> 02:44:32,000 Technically successful. 2815 02:44:32,000 --> 02:44:33,000 Technically it was very successful. 2816 02:44:33,000 --> 02:44:34,960 And it is also next to a We cannot go down this road even as human beings. 2817 02:44:34,970 --> 02:44:38,000 We act. 2818 02:44:38,000 --> 02:44:39,000 Would you have been opposed to the dropping 2819 02:44:39,000 --> 02:44:40,910 of a thermal nuclear weapon on Japan because of moral scruples? 2820 02:44:40,930 --> 02:44:43,000 You said I would say. 2821 02:44:43,000 --> 02:44:45,000 If you were opposed to dropping an atomic 2822 02:44:45,000 --> 02:44:47,000 bomb on Hiroshima because of moral scruples. 2823 02:44:47,000 --> 02:44:51,000 We set forth our... I know. Yew, yew, yew. 2824 02:44:51,000 --> 02:44:54,000 I asked for... I see you. 2825 02:44:54,000 --> 02:44:56,000 I should have forced our arguments against dropping it, but I did not endorse them. 2826 02:44:56,000 --> 02:45:00,000 You mean after working night and day for three years building the bomb. 2827 02:45:00,000 --> 02:45:02,000 You then argued against the instrument. 2828 02:45:02,000 --> 02:45:03,000 I was asked by the secretary of war what the views of scientists were. 2829 02:45:03,000 --> 02:45:05,000 I gave them the views against and the views for. 2830 02:45:05,000 --> 02:45:06,000 You supported the job. 2831 02:45:06,000 --> 02:45:07,000 You didn't have a problem with your plan. 2832 02:45:07,000 --> 02:45:09,000 You supported it. 2833 02:45:09,000 --> 02:45:10,000 I didn't mean support. 2834 02:45:10,000 --> 02:45:12,000 Well you helped pick the target, didn't you? 2835 02:45:12,000 --> 02:45:14,000 I did my job. 2836 02:45:14,000 --> 02:45:17,000 I was not in a policy making position at Los Alamos. 2837 02:45:17,000 --> 02:45:19,000 I would have done anything I was asking for. 2838 02:45:19,000 --> 02:45:24,000 Well then you wouldn't took the H-bomb too, wouldn't you? 2839 02:45:24,000 --> 02:45:27,000 I didn't ask you that, Doctor. 2840 02:45:27,000 --> 02:45:28,000 And the GAC reported you go off after the show and the target just said. 2841 02:45:28,000 --> 02:45:32,000 A super bomb should never be built. 2842 02:45:32,000 --> 02:45:35,000 What we meant, what I meant. 2843 02:45:35,000 --> 02:45:38,000 I thought you knew what I meant too. 2844 02:45:38,000 --> 02:45:42,000 Wouldn't the Russians do anything to increase their strength? 2845 02:45:42,000 --> 02:45:45,000 If we did it, they would have to do it. 2846 02:45:45,850 --> 02:45:50,000 Our efforts would only fuel their efforts just as it had with the atomic bomb. 2847 02:45:54,350 --> 02:45:58,770 Just as it had with the atomic bomb exactly. 2848 02:45:58,780 --> 02:46:04,000 No moral school was in 1945 plenty in 1949. 2849 02:46:10,900 --> 02:46:19,000 Doctor Oppenheimer, when did your strong moral 2850 02:46:19,650 --> 02:46:25,000 convictions develop with respect to the hydrogen bomb? 2851 02:46:25,150 --> 02:46:34,000 When it became clear to me that we would tend to use any weapon we had, 2852 02:46:34,500 --> 02:46:37,000 J. Robert Oppenheimer the martyr, I gave him exactly what he wanted. 2853 02:46:37,250 --> 02:46:41,000 To be remembered for Trinity, not Hiroshima, not Nagasaki. 2854 02:46:41,800 --> 02:46:43,000 You should be thanking me. 2855 02:46:43,550 --> 02:46:46,290 Well, it is not. 2856 02:46:46,300 --> 02:46:49,000 Do we still have enough votes? 2857 02:46:49,400 --> 02:46:52,000 Or is the crowning moment in my career about to 2858 02:46:52,250 --> 02:46:55,000 become the most public humiliation in my life? 2859 02:46:55,000 --> 02:46:59,190 Full sentence about to go. 2860 02:46:59,200 --> 02:47:03,000 Don't scrape through. Great, then gather the fucking press. 2861 02:47:03,100 --> 02:47:09,000 Doctor J. Robert Oppenheimer, this board, having her testimony 2862 02:47:09,550 --> 02:47:13,600 from you and many of your current and former colleagues, 2863 02:47:13,620 --> 02:47:18,000 has come to the unanimous conclusion that you are a loyal citizen. 2864 02:47:18,400 --> 02:47:23,090 However, in the light of your continuing associations 2865 02:47:23,100 --> 02:47:28,000 and disregard for the security apparatus of this country, 2866 02:47:28,600 --> 02:47:34,000 together with your somewhat disturbing conduct on the hydrogen bomb program 2867 02:47:34,600 --> 02:47:37,470 and the incredible lack of candor and certain of your responses to this board, 2868 02:47:37,490 --> 02:47:41,000 we have voted two to one to deny the renewal of your security clearance. 2869 02:47:41,550 --> 02:47:44,000 A full written opinion with a dissent from 2870 02:47:46,550 --> 02:47:49,000 Mr. Evans will be issued to the AEC in coming days. 2871 02:47:53,200 --> 02:47:55,000 That is all. 2872 02:47:55,200 --> 02:47:57,000 Board member. 2873 02:47:57,000 --> 02:48:02,000 Robert. 2874 02:48:03,650 --> 02:48:06,000 Robert. 2875 02:48:06,870 --> 02:48:21,000 Don't tell. 2876 02:48:21,500 --> 02:48:26,000 Don't take him to sheets. 2877 02:48:30,250 --> 02:48:33,000 Is it official? 2878 02:48:33,400 --> 02:48:35,000 Well, there were a couple of unexpected holdouts. 2879 02:48:35,000 --> 02:48:37,000 I'm denied. Yeah? 2880 02:48:42,750 --> 02:48:44,000 I'm afraid so, sir. 2881 02:48:44,000 --> 02:48:47,120 All right. 2882 02:48:47,140 --> 02:48:51,000 Who were the holdouts? 2883 02:48:51,200 --> 02:48:54,000 There were three, led by the junior senator from 2884 02:48:54,000 --> 02:48:56,000 Massachusetts, and a guy trying to make a name for himself. 2885 02:48:56,000 --> 02:48:57,000 Didn't like what you did to Oppenheimer. 2886 02:48:57,600 --> 02:48:59,000 What's his name? 2887 02:49:02,700 --> 02:49:04,760 Kennedy. 2888 02:49:04,770 --> 02:49:07,000 John F. Kennedy. 2889 02:49:07,000 --> 02:49:10,000 Did you think that if you let them talk or 2890 02:49:10,950 --> 02:49:13,000 infest you, that the world would forgive you? 2891 02:49:13,800 --> 02:49:20,000 It won't. 2892 02:49:27,750 --> 02:49:29,000 I'll see. 2893 02:49:33,150 --> 02:49:41,000 I'm sorry. 2894 02:49:41,250 --> 02:49:43,000 Please. 2895 02:49:43,300 --> 02:49:45,000 You told me I'd be okay. 2896 02:49:45,000 --> 02:49:49,000 Well, I didn't have all the facts, did I? 2897 02:49:49,000 --> 02:49:51,000 Here's the fact. 2898 02:49:51,000 --> 02:49:53,000 President Eisenhower pinned the Medal of Freedom on my chest last year, 2899 02:49:53,200 --> 02:49:55,000 because I've always done what's right for this country. 2900 02:49:55,000 --> 02:49:58,000 They don't want me in the cabinet room. 2901 02:49:58,100 --> 02:50:00,000 Well, that's... that's fine. 2902 02:50:00,100 --> 02:50:05,000 Maybe they should just invite Oppenheimer instead. 2903 02:50:05,000 --> 02:50:08,000 Maybe they will. 2904 02:50:08,000 --> 02:50:10,000 I told you, you turned the scientists against me one by one, starting with Einstein. 2905 02:50:10,850 --> 02:50:14,000 I told you about that, Einstein. I said by the pond. 2906 02:50:14,010 --> 02:50:17,000 You did, but you know, sir, 2907 02:50:17,150 --> 02:50:20,000 nobody really knows what they said to each other that 2908 02:50:20,250 --> 02:50:22,000 it's impossible they didn't talk about you at all. 2909 02:50:22,000 --> 02:50:25,000 It's impossible they spoke about something that... 2910 02:50:25,000 --> 02:50:40,000 More important than I know. 2911 02:50:40,400 --> 02:50:47,000 Thank you. 2912 02:50:48,150 --> 02:50:54,000 The man of the moment. 2913 02:50:54,000 --> 02:50:56,000 You once held a reception for me. In fact, he gave me an award. 2914 02:50:56,200 --> 02:51:01,000 Yes. 2915 02:51:01,370 --> 02:51:07,000 You all thought that I had lost the ability to understand what had started. 2916 02:51:08,900 --> 02:51:16,000 So the award really wasn't for me. It was for all of you. 2917 02:51:16,700 --> 02:51:21,000 Now it's your turn to deal with the consequences of your achievement. 2918 02:51:22,300 --> 02:51:27,000 And one day, when they punished you enough, 2919 02:51:30,400 --> 02:51:33,000 they'll serve you salmon and potato salad. 2920 02:51:33,250 --> 02:51:36,000 Thanks, peaches. 2921 02:51:37,050 --> 02:51:41,000 If you are made of... 2922 02:51:41,250 --> 02:51:47,000 Oh, Frank. You are happy, I'm happy. 2923 02:51:47,000 --> 02:51:53,000 I'll turn the back, tell you all is forgiven. 2924 02:51:54,300 --> 02:52:02,000 Just remember, it won't be for you. 2925 02:52:02,700 --> 02:52:06,000 It will be for them. 2926 02:52:06,000 --> 02:52:21,000 Help me. 2927 02:52:21,000 --> 02:52:27,000 When I came to you with those calculations, 2928 02:52:27,000 --> 02:52:30,000 we thought we might start a chain reaction that would destroy the entire world. 2929 02:52:30,000 --> 02:52:33,000 I am in the world. 2930 02:52:34,450 --> 02:52:39,000 What happened? 2931 02:52:40,000 --> 02:52:43,000 I believe we did. 2932 02:52:44,000 --> 02:52:47,000 I believe we did. 2933 02:52:48,000 --> 02:52:51,000 I believe we did. 2934 02:52:52,000 --> 02:52:55,000 I believe we did. 2935 02:52:55,000 --> 02:53:23,000 I believe we did. 218749

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