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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:53,360 --> 00:00:55,209 They never told us much. 2 00:00:55,786 --> 00:00:56,939 Just that Robert, 3 00:00:57,110 --> 00:00:58,292 my brother, 4 00:00:58,317 --> 00:00:59,583 had got this grant, 5 00:00:59,786 --> 00:01:01,968 to do some kind of work out there. 6 00:01:03,119 --> 00:01:04,694 That's the last we heard. 7 00:01:06,714 --> 00:01:09,619 It's not knowing, that's the worst. 8 00:01:10,992 --> 00:01:13,870 MISSING since Nov. 9th 1975 9 00:01:14,236 --> 00:01:15,815 If I were to say, 10 00:01:15,960 --> 00:01:17,825 I'd noticed anything unusual, it would 11 00:01:18,286 --> 00:01:20,013 really only be in in hindsight. 12 00:01:21,421 --> 00:01:23,516 There were nothing strange about her behavior. 13 00:01:24,332 --> 00:01:25,340 She... 14 00:01:25,365 --> 00:01:27,250 simply, disappeared... 15 00:01:28,740 --> 00:01:32,565 MISSING since Dec. 30th 1976 16 00:01:33,571 --> 00:01:34,793 Makes no sense...! 17 00:01:35,817 --> 00:01:39,840 I mean, how come people just vanish off of the face of the Earth in this day and age? 18 00:01:41,310 --> 00:01:43,260 We have a right to know what's going on...! 19 00:01:44,575 --> 00:01:47,978 MISSING since Mar. 22nd 1974 20 00:01:49,143 --> 00:01:50,531 Those people who've you just seen, 21 00:01:50,675 --> 00:01:53,164 have all lost someone close to them. 22 00:01:53,556 --> 00:01:56,350 A relative. A colleague. A friend. 23 00:01:56,984 --> 00:01:59,332 Lost in mysterious circumstances, 24 00:01:59,484 --> 00:02:02,008 sudden, and inexplicable disappearance, 25 00:02:02,206 --> 00:02:03,214 without trace. 26 00:02:04,262 --> 00:02:06,670 If you are wondering, what this sort of story, 27 00:02:06,873 --> 00:02:09,641 important, and even tragic though it may be, 28 00:02:09,905 --> 00:02:12,056 has to do with Science Report... 29 00:02:12,587 --> 00:02:15,857 Well, we have to go back in time some 18 months. 30 00:02:16,087 --> 00:02:17,959 when we began work on another film, 31 00:02:18,038 --> 00:02:21,778 which examined the scientific "brain drain" from Britain. 32 00:02:22,421 --> 00:02:24,281 That film was never completed, 33 00:02:24,383 --> 00:02:28,905 because our inquiries let us into some strange and unexpected byways. 34 00:02:28,929 --> 00:02:33,408 And they in their turn, led uniformly to a blank wall. 35 00:02:33,748 --> 00:02:36,486 A blank wall, below where I am standing now, 36 00:02:36,657 --> 00:02:38,993 at the car park, of Terminal 3, 37 00:02:39,018 --> 00:02:41,221 of London's Heathrow Airport. 38 00:02:42,355 --> 00:02:46,027 We begin this special report, with part of that uncompleted film. 39 00:02:46,052 --> 00:02:48,250 From our reporter, Colin Benson. 40 00:02:48,733 --> 00:02:52,233 Dr. Ann Clarke, who works in this building, 41 00:02:52,279 --> 00:02:55,872 is one of Britain's younger generation of research scientists. 42 00:02:55,918 --> 00:02:58,037 Her speciality is solar energy. 43 00:02:58,361 --> 00:03:00,203 [Dr. ANNE CLARKE] Like many others in her position, 44 00:03:00,228 --> 00:03:02,049 [Solar Energy Specialist] Ann Clarke is contemplating 45 00:03:02,074 --> 00:03:04,300 [Solar Energy Specialist] joining the brain drain, and leaving the country. 46 00:03:04,325 --> 00:03:07,024 Well it's enquierly... it is entirely a question of facilities. 47 00:03:08,095 --> 00:03:11,207 I... I mean, look. Look at the mess I am supposed to work out of. 48 00:03:11,381 --> 00:03:12,647 Look at this building...! 49 00:03:14,207 --> 00:03:15,975 If I and people like me, 50 00:03:16,000 --> 00:03:19,586 are going to do the job we've been trained to do, and are capable of doing, 51 00:03:19,611 --> 00:03:21,545 then we must be given the means of doing it. 52 00:03:32,276 --> 00:03:33,693 It's uh, 53 00:03:34,159 --> 00:03:36,369 - beaten farther to the ray. - Thank you. 54 00:03:40,579 --> 00:03:42,254 Shortly after this film was taken, 55 00:03:42,635 --> 00:03:44,318 Ann Clarke made a decision. 56 00:03:45,387 --> 00:03:48,887 It was not however, a decision she felt able to talk about. 57 00:03:50,707 --> 00:03:51,514 Ann. 58 00:03:51,879 --> 00:03:54,563 They won't let us into the building, they say they have orders not to. 59 00:03:54,588 --> 00:03:57,112 - Yes, I know, I'm sorry. - Well can you tell us exactly what's going on? 60 00:03:57,137 --> 00:03:59,767 No, I... I'm sorry, I can't go on with this film, I'm going away. 61 00:03:59,792 --> 00:04:03,000 - What exactly is happening? - I... I can't say anything...! 62 00:04:03,187 --> 00:04:06,900 That is the last piece of film we have of Dr. Ann Clarke. 63 00:04:07,302 --> 00:04:10,173 What was going on, brought Ann Clarke here, 64 00:04:10,198 --> 00:04:13,393 for the car park of number 3 Terminal, Heathrow Airport? 65 00:04:13,631 --> 00:04:16,931 She told friends, she was going to New York. 66 00:04:23,698 --> 00:04:28,920 British Airway to New York, Flight 501. Passengers should go through passport... 67 00:04:28,945 --> 00:04:34,240 And yet there's no record of Ann Clarke leaving this airport, on that, or any other day. 68 00:04:34,354 --> 00:04:38,237 The only evidence she was here at all, is her abandoned car. 69 00:04:38,362 --> 00:04:39,399 Beyond that... 70 00:04:39,504 --> 00:04:40,170 Nothing. 71 00:04:56,778 --> 00:04:59,862 Well... I've done everything I can, 72 00:05:00,516 --> 00:05:03,048 to... to try to get some kind of answer. 73 00:05:03,595 --> 00:05:05,055 But there is nothing...! 74 00:05:05,966 --> 00:05:07,289 And they just say: 75 00:05:07,875 --> 00:05:09,228 "We're sorry... 76 00:05:09,632 --> 00:05:12,165 but we don't know anything about your brother." 77 00:05:12,846 --> 00:05:15,274 Robert Patterson is, or rather was, 78 00:05:15,408 --> 00:05:18,717 a senior lecturer in mathematics, at St. Andrews University. 79 00:05:19,465 --> 00:05:21,568 These photos were taken by his sister, 80 00:05:21,842 --> 00:05:24,659 wherein he and his wife Eileen and two children, 81 00:05:24,683 --> 00:05:29,984 left this house, on the morning of November the 9th, 1975, 82 00:05:30,309 --> 00:05:33,671 and set out by car, to London's Heathrow Airport. 83 00:05:34,333 --> 00:05:36,835 What happened after that, we don't know. 84 00:05:40,311 --> 00:05:44,176 On leaving the Royal Airforce, where he worked in Special Projects, 85 00:05:44,302 --> 00:05:49,130 Brian Pendlebury had told his parents, that he was going to work for an electronics firm, 86 00:05:49,155 --> 00:05:50,525 in Sydney, Australia. 87 00:05:54,883 --> 00:05:57,298 He sent photographs of his life out there. 88 00:05:58,296 --> 00:06:00,824 And for a time, kept in touch by letter. 89 00:06:02,173 --> 00:06:05,003 And there's this friend of his', going out there, and, 90 00:06:05,292 --> 00:06:08,458 we said, "why don't you look about Ron, give him a surprise?" 91 00:06:10,218 --> 00:06:11,258 Well he, 92 00:06:11,283 --> 00:06:12,291 he got there, the... 93 00:06:12,428 --> 00:06:13,516 the address we've given him... 94 00:06:15,347 --> 00:06:16,732 They never heard of Brian... 95 00:06:21,339 --> 00:06:25,313 Despite the letters and photographs, which remain unexplained, 96 00:06:25,778 --> 00:06:28,771 there's no further evidence about Brian Pendlebury, 97 00:06:29,182 --> 00:06:34,317 other than the fact that his name appears to have been checked in, at London's Heathrow Airport, 98 00:06:34,556 --> 00:06:36,089 for a flight to Sydney. 99 00:06:36,745 --> 00:06:38,934 That, so far as we can discover, 100 00:06:39,063 --> 00:06:41,667 is the last anyone ever saw of him. 101 00:06:43,810 --> 00:06:44,817 Ann Clarke. 102 00:06:45,817 --> 00:06:46,959 Robert Patterson. 103 00:06:48,238 --> 00:06:49,362 And Brian Pendlebury. 104 00:06:51,857 --> 00:06:54,330 Just 3 of the 400 names, 105 00:06:54,397 --> 00:06:57,113 compiled for our projected Science Report: 106 00:06:57,262 --> 00:06:58,541 "Brain Drain from Britain". 107 00:06:59,618 --> 00:07:00,876 From this office, 108 00:07:00,936 --> 00:07:04,444 our researchers began checking through every one of them. 109 00:07:05,483 --> 00:07:06,816 We were looking for patterns: 110 00:07:07,067 --> 00:07:08,885 Who were the people leaving this country? 111 00:07:09,073 --> 00:07:10,369 What were their reasons? 112 00:07:10,571 --> 00:07:12,847 And what were their feelings about it afterwards? 113 00:07:13,225 --> 00:07:15,693 But out of those 400 names, 114 00:07:15,800 --> 00:07:20,501 it became apparent that 24, had disappeared without trace. 115 00:07:20,602 --> 00:07:23,267 Some alone, others with their families. 116 00:07:23,817 --> 00:07:25,580 Where did they go? And why? 117 00:07:25,675 --> 00:07:27,042 And indeed: How? 118 00:07:27,434 --> 00:07:29,803 What, if anything, was the common factor? 119 00:07:38,880 --> 00:07:41,363 Jodrell Bank Radio Telescope. 120 00:07:42,012 --> 00:07:44,436 Where although no one realized it at the time, 121 00:07:44,461 --> 00:07:47,849 the second part of our complex story was beginning to unfold. 122 00:07:50,030 --> 00:07:53,319 Sir William Ballentine, distinguished radio astronomer, 123 00:07:53,484 --> 00:07:56,753 was setting out on a journey he was never to complete. 124 00:08:31,738 --> 00:08:33,634 Ballentine was a worried man. 125 00:08:34,238 --> 00:08:37,728 That much we know from a phone call he made from this isolated box, 126 00:08:37,753 --> 00:08:39,951 not far from the main London motorway. 127 00:08:44,165 --> 00:08:48,320 He called an old friend, news agency manager and editor, John Hendry. 128 00:08:53,978 --> 00:08:55,459 And how did he seem to you? 129 00:08:56,020 --> 00:08:58,211 He sounded aggitated, which was unusual. 130 00:08:58,400 --> 00:09:01,046 He was a very calm, self-possessed man normally. 131 00:09:01,695 --> 00:09:05,515 He said he was driving up to London and wanted to see me later - I said "Fine". 132 00:09:05,887 --> 00:09:09,522 And he also asked if I'd received a packet, which he'd posted the day before. 133 00:09:09,833 --> 00:09:11,268 I said "I had". 134 00:09:11,833 --> 00:09:14,724 It contained this roll of tape, 135 00:09:15,317 --> 00:09:18,111 which he told me to keep under lock and key 'til he arrived. 136 00:09:18,364 --> 00:09:19,372 And I waited. 137 00:09:19,620 --> 00:09:20,493 And of course... 138 00:09:20,620 --> 00:09:22,596 Next morning I heard about the accident. 139 00:09:23,231 --> 00:09:26,691 These photographs of the crash were taken by an agency camera man. 140 00:09:26,722 --> 00:09:28,718 Despite considerable news-coverage, 141 00:09:28,743 --> 00:09:32,761 only one photo was made available to the national press, and television. 142 00:09:37,920 --> 00:09:41,166 Our own independent experts examined those photographs, 143 00:09:41,191 --> 00:09:44,342 and the site of the accident itself, where I am standing now. 144 00:09:44,905 --> 00:09:47,210 The drew no firm conclusions. 145 00:09:47,937 --> 00:09:50,824 Except to say that the cause of the accident remained, 146 00:09:50,857 --> 00:09:52,047 to them at least, 147 00:09:52,190 --> 00:09:54,325 'peculiarly unclear'. 148 00:09:57,221 --> 00:09:58,754 But what of the video tape? 149 00:09:58,970 --> 00:10:04,262 Which Ballentine had been so anxious to get safely to his friend, John Hendry. 150 00:10:10,056 --> 00:10:14,656 Apparently nothing. No picture. Just the ceaseless noise of space. 151 00:10:14,887 --> 00:10:18,684 No different from countless other tapes in the archives of radio astronomy. 152 00:10:18,939 --> 00:10:20,545 There was, we were assured, 153 00:10:20,656 --> 00:10:25,014 no solution here to the mysteriously violent death of Sir William Ballentine. 154 00:10:26,508 --> 00:10:28,309 But, what if met... 155 00:10:28,746 --> 00:10:31,071 What was the piece of vital information, 156 00:10:31,142 --> 00:10:33,113 Sir William Ballentine had deciphered, 157 00:10:33,206 --> 00:10:35,454 from this apparent random cacoffany? 158 00:10:35,952 --> 00:10:38,920 That was something we'd had to wait much longer to find out. 159 00:10:39,579 --> 00:10:40,928 In the meantime however, 160 00:10:41,032 --> 00:10:43,020 something happened, which at least at first, 161 00:10:43,162 --> 00:10:45,504 seemed to offer us, some sort of a clue. 162 00:10:45,529 --> 00:10:48,987 An outside telephone call, was put through to the Science Report office. 163 00:10:49,359 --> 00:10:52,168 I found myself talking to a man with an American accent, 164 00:10:52,255 --> 00:10:56,206 who refused to give his name, or any other details of himself over the phone. 165 00:10:56,960 --> 00:10:59,938 He told me only that he had met, Sir William Ballentine, 166 00:11:00,560 --> 00:11:03,965 on a visit the British astronomer had made, shortly before his death, 167 00:11:04,079 --> 00:11:06,679 to NASA space headquarters in Houston, Texas. 168 00:11:07,004 --> 00:11:10,100 We arranged to met not far from here, in 1 hour's time. 169 00:11:10,810 --> 00:11:12,032 170 00:11:12,293 --> 00:11:13,588 Okay. I'm ready. 171 00:11:14,857 --> 00:11:18,727 What you're about to see, may be considered by many of you, unethical. 172 00:11:18,984 --> 00:11:22,172 However, we believe that in the light of subsequent developments, 173 00:11:22,197 --> 00:11:23,894 our action was justified. 174 00:11:25,666 --> 00:11:28,275 Benson was equipped with a miniaturized transmitter, 175 00:11:28,365 --> 00:11:31,157 so that we could record the conversation between them. 176 00:11:31,762 --> 00:11:36,220 And a hidden camera was positioned near the market, where the meeting had been arranged. 177 00:11:38,143 --> 00:11:40,046 - Colin Benson? - Yes, hello. 178 00:11:40,071 --> 00:11:42,760 - Can we get clear, or do you have to get back to... - No, no, no, we're alright here. 179 00:11:42,785 --> 00:11:45,875 - Listen, there's something I have to know: How far are you willing to go on this thing, I mean all the way? 180 00:11:45,900 --> 00:11:48,724 - That's what I'm here for. Can you help? - Look, I don't know... I can help. 181 00:11:48,772 --> 00:11:51,271 - But we do this thing my way, okay? - Okay, fine. 182 00:11:51,296 --> 00:11:53,652 - Let's uh, let's walk on a little bit, okay. 183 00:11:54,460 --> 00:11:56,373 I'm sorry if I seem a little bit nervous. 184 00:11:56,398 --> 00:11:58,754 - It's mainly because I am. - Nervous? Of what? 185 00:11:59,952 --> 00:12:02,689 Contracting a 'fatal case of measles', you know what I mean? 186 00:12:02,904 --> 00:12:05,803 - Like Ballentine. - You... You know what happened to him? 187 00:12:05,828 --> 00:12:07,200 I know why it happened... 188 00:12:07,446 --> 00:12:10,166 And I gotta get it on record before they find out I'm over here. 189 00:12:10,191 --> 00:12:11,555 - 'They'? Who are they? - Listen... 190 00:12:11,722 --> 00:12:14,011 Let's just stick to me telling you what I have to tell you, okay? 191 00:12:14,048 --> 00:12:16,354 - Okay, go on. - This address, tomorrow morning, 10:30, 192 00:12:16,379 --> 00:12:18,481 Bring everything you've got; cameras, tape machines, witnesses. 193 00:12:18,506 --> 00:12:20,132 That's the kind of protection I need. 194 00:12:20,555 --> 00:12:22,295 I'll have everything for you there. 195 00:12:35,611 --> 00:12:37,982 Colin Benson arrived at the address he was given, 196 00:12:38,007 --> 00:12:40,689 shortly before 10:30 the next day. - That's it. 197 00:12:40,841 --> 00:12:42,755 Together, with a full camera crew. 198 00:12:42,937 --> 00:12:44,048 Okay, go ahead Ben. 199 00:12:45,762 --> 00:12:46,616 Close enough. 200 00:12:48,356 --> 00:12:49,558 You get sound? 201 00:12:49,756 --> 00:12:50,751 Yep. Got it. 202 00:12:58,565 --> 00:13:00,482 Eventually, the door was opened. 203 00:13:00,635 --> 00:13:05,316 We show you the next part of the film, uncut, and exactly as we shot it on that day. 204 00:13:05,617 --> 00:13:06,824 ...33, take 1. 205 00:13:16,912 --> 00:13:19,089 - Who is it? - Anglia Television. 206 00:13:19,166 --> 00:13:20,835 - "Science Report" - Who? 207 00:13:21,167 --> 00:13:23,838 - This in number 88, isn't it? - Yeah, 88. 208 00:13:24,006 --> 00:13:26,687 We're here with a television crew to see a mister... 209 00:13:26,817 --> 00:13:28,621 - Is there an American... - You mean Harry? 210 00:13:28,653 --> 00:13:30,105 - That's it. - It's... 211 00:13:30,732 --> 00:13:32,103 Can we come in, please? 212 00:13:37,334 --> 00:13:39,253 - You really are the telly... - Thank you. 213 00:13:45,535 --> 00:13:49,433 Look, I know what this is all about, but you're not get much out of Harry right now. 214 00:13:49,458 --> 00:13:50,585 Come on, lads. 215 00:14:02,476 --> 00:14:03,328 Hey. 216 00:14:04,007 --> 00:14:05,134 What is this? 217 00:14:05,404 --> 00:14:08,452 - They said you knew them. - Yesterday, do you remember? 218 00:14:08,477 --> 00:14:09,227 Hey. 219 00:14:10,182 --> 00:14:11,020 Oh... 220 00:14:12,206 --> 00:14:13,146 Leave me alone. 221 00:14:13,202 --> 00:14:15,083 - What's the matter with him? - Get them away from me! 222 00:14:15,108 --> 00:14:15,921 You better go. 223 00:14:15,984 --> 00:14:17,706 Look, is he on acid or something? 224 00:14:17,731 --> 00:14:20,017 - Oh, just get out of here will you?! - Answer our questions...! 225 00:14:21,009 --> 00:14:22,167 No, Harry! 226 00:14:22,343 --> 00:14:24,536 Don't be an idiot, please! 227 00:14:24,632 --> 00:14:26,560 - Tell them to go away! - Alright! Alright! 228 00:14:26,838 --> 00:14:28,115 Please, don't! 229 00:14:28,751 --> 00:14:29,501 Leave...! 230 00:14:34,174 --> 00:14:37,170 Alright! We're going! We're going! We're going, okay? Okay? 231 00:14:38,524 --> 00:14:41,685 It was the last we saw, of the mysterious young American. 232 00:14:41,988 --> 00:14:44,880 Despite returning with the police barely half an hour later, 233 00:14:45,182 --> 00:14:47,999 who kept watch on this house for several days, 234 00:14:48,317 --> 00:14:49,784 we found no one. 235 00:14:51,741 --> 00:14:52,975 Elsewhere however, 236 00:14:53,000 --> 00:14:56,543 more pieces of this strange pattern, continue to fit into place. 237 00:14:57,508 --> 00:14:59,733 The great world drought of that summer, 238 00:15:00,476 --> 00:15:02,287 was unequaled in recorded history. 239 00:15:03,238 --> 00:15:05,325 Europe's normally green dairy-country, 240 00:15:05,540 --> 00:15:07,213 was reduced to a dust bowl. 241 00:15:07,416 --> 00:15:09,904 Cattle, finding their moisture in the grass, 242 00:15:10,003 --> 00:15:12,650 had to be provided with increasingly scarse water, 243 00:15:12,817 --> 00:15:14,648 and fed next winter's fodder. 244 00:15:15,102 --> 00:15:19,579 In Britain, it was the same story of parched fields, and poor crops. 245 00:15:20,865 --> 00:15:25,938 In France, forest fires out of control, devastated huge areas of woodland. 246 00:15:30,817 --> 00:15:32,664 Vast reservoirs dried up, 247 00:15:32,877 --> 00:15:35,298 and standpipes were brought in to the worst hit areas, 248 00:15:35,626 --> 00:15:38,830 some of which had barely 20 days supply of water left. 249 00:15:41,246 --> 00:15:42,307 The River Thames, 250 00:15:42,332 --> 00:15:45,315 was reduced to it's lowest level in living memory. 251 00:15:47,127 --> 00:15:48,135 There was no panic, 252 00:15:48,525 --> 00:15:50,331 only a growing sense of unease, 253 00:15:50,356 --> 00:15:52,196 that what we were experiencing was, 254 00:15:52,221 --> 00:15:53,228 'unnatural', 255 00:15:53,373 --> 00:15:54,642 and that the Earth's climate, 256 00:15:54,667 --> 00:15:57,077 was moving towards a radical change. 257 00:15:58,134 --> 00:15:59,366 Melbourne, Australia, 258 00:15:59,514 --> 00:16:02,432 where the Yerra River was reduced to a polluted trickle, 259 00:16:02,512 --> 00:16:06,004 in which fish and water life were almost completely destroyed. 260 00:16:06,365 --> 00:16:08,163 Before water restrictions tightened, 261 00:16:08,322 --> 00:16:09,466 desperate efforts were made 262 00:16:09,491 --> 00:16:13,458 to save the rare and valuable trees in Melbourne's famous botanical gardens. 263 00:16:15,992 --> 00:16:19,792 Northern India was in the grip of the worst heat wave for over 50 years. 264 00:16:19,937 --> 00:16:23,650 In Bihar, the temperature reached 48 degrees Centigrade. 265 00:16:23,675 --> 00:16:26,086 120 degrees Fahrenheit. [118.4 ยฐF)] 266 00:16:26,150 --> 00:16:27,142 Thousands died, 267 00:16:27,167 --> 00:16:30,467 and the hardship to animals and crops was unimaginable. 268 00:16:32,795 --> 00:16:36,951 The African Desert continued it's encroachment on fertile land, 269 00:16:36,976 --> 00:16:39,377 destroying all in it's wake. 270 00:16:45,994 --> 00:16:48,435 Meanwhile, in China and the Middle East, 271 00:16:48,460 --> 00:16:50,661 unparalleled earthquakes killed millions. 272 00:16:50,717 --> 00:16:53,682 Far more than might have been expected from a nuclear attack. 273 00:16:53,929 --> 00:16:55,587 On the far side of the Pacific, 274 00:16:55,634 --> 00:16:58,294 the whole of the Carribean seemed on the point of eruption. 275 00:17:05,381 --> 00:17:08,881 Volcanoes thought to be extinct for thousands of years, 276 00:17:08,905 --> 00:17:11,585 were suddenly erupted into dreadful rife. 277 00:17:25,050 --> 00:17:28,653 Pressures from shifting landmasses in Central Europe, 278 00:17:28,778 --> 00:17:30,732 destroyed centuries of history. 279 00:17:35,819 --> 00:17:37,951 In parts of Italy and Yugoslavia, 280 00:17:37,976 --> 00:17:40,684 many ancient towns were reduced to rubble. 281 00:17:42,135 --> 00:17:46,103 International rescue teams evacuated thousands from the threatened area. 282 00:17:46,460 --> 00:17:49,552 But many others were too broken by the experience to leave. 283 00:17:50,809 --> 00:17:52,660 Scientists began to suspect, 284 00:17:52,685 --> 00:17:54,777 that the balance of the Earth's ecology, 285 00:17:54,802 --> 00:17:57,819 was far more delicately poised, than they'd yet realized. 286 00:18:05,368 --> 00:18:08,530 At the hight of the drought, we interviewed at Cambridge University, 287 00:18:08,555 --> 00:18:11,308 someone prepared to offer the beginnings of an answer. 288 00:18:11,333 --> 00:18:14,044 Dr. CARL GERSTEIN Lecturer in Applied Physics 289 00:18:21,841 --> 00:18:23,031 You hear them? 290 00:18:24,302 --> 00:18:26,468 Not something you'd expect in this country... 291 00:18:27,051 --> 00:18:28,857 Heat, of course. 292 00:18:29,150 --> 00:18:30,467 Gerstein's theories, 293 00:18:30,492 --> 00:18:32,881 when he first put them forward over 20 years ago, 294 00:18:33,333 --> 00:18:35,590 had been almost universally, dismissed. 295 00:18:35,615 --> 00:18:38,208 He was called an "alarmist" and a "pessimist". 296 00:18:38,373 --> 00:18:40,295 Events proved him on the contrary, 297 00:18:40,372 --> 00:18:41,993 to be something of an optimist. 298 00:18:44,421 --> 00:18:47,269 By the late '60s, the Earth was already so trapped, 299 00:18:47,294 --> 00:18:49,381 within an envelope of it's own pollution, 300 00:18:49,698 --> 00:18:51,006 that heat from the Sun, 301 00:18:51,063 --> 00:18:53,060 and the Earth's industrial processes, 302 00:18:53,131 --> 00:18:55,492 was having increasing difficulty in escaping. 303 00:18:56,405 --> 00:18:58,734 Ten years earlier than Gerstein's prediction, 304 00:18:58,841 --> 00:19:00,853 the notorious 'Greenhouse Effect', 305 00:19:01,119 --> 00:19:03,169 a thickening of the outer atmosphere, 306 00:19:03,194 --> 00:19:06,263 due to the 8-fold increase in carbondioxide levels, 307 00:19:06,429 --> 00:19:07,803 had become a reality. 308 00:19:08,206 --> 00:19:10,324 As the atmosphere became more dense, 309 00:19:10,349 --> 00:19:13,486 extreme variations of temperature were experienced, 310 00:19:13,511 --> 00:19:16,640 from intense heat, to equally unpresidented cold. 311 00:19:16,991 --> 00:19:19,578 North America suffered the worst winter on record. 312 00:19:19,918 --> 00:19:21,364 Rivers froze solid, 313 00:19:21,389 --> 00:19:23,847 and even the Great Niagara Falls was halted. 314 00:19:24,564 --> 00:19:29,336 In many areas a state of emergency was ordered, by the newly elected President Carter. 315 00:19:29,582 --> 00:19:32,492 But the most frightening discovery which scientists made, 316 00:19:32,588 --> 00:19:35,207 was that last year's unmelted snow line, 317 00:19:35,412 --> 00:19:40,397 is the next step to a future, and unavoidable Ice Age. 318 00:19:45,446 --> 00:19:49,546 At the Huntsville, Alabama Conference of 1957, 319 00:19:49,571 --> 00:19:51,778 my ideas were at last, 320 00:19:52,149 --> 00:19:54,365 being taken seriously by 321 00:19:54,404 --> 00:19:56,650 a small group of senior physicists, 322 00:19:57,322 --> 00:19:59,450 and government advisors. 323 00:19:59,737 --> 00:20:03,102 But, by then of course, it was too late. 324 00:20:03,594 --> 00:20:05,303 Always is with those people... 325 00:20:05,769 --> 00:20:08,937 Can you tell me what happened at Huntsville? 326 00:20:08,976 --> 00:20:12,618 The usual thing: The politicians come running to us, 327 00:20:12,643 --> 00:20:14,909 if though we can reverse the course of Nature. 328 00:20:14,934 --> 00:20:16,354 When we tell them we can't, 329 00:20:16,379 --> 00:20:19,338 they say: "Why didn't we do something earlier?" 330 00:20:19,476 --> 00:20:22,050 When we tell them they prevented us, 331 00:20:22,476 --> 00:20:24,939 they start squabbling their own selves. 332 00:20:26,127 --> 00:20:27,285 Oh, rabble... 333 00:20:27,992 --> 00:20:29,829 Was anything achieved by the conference? 334 00:20:30,499 --> 00:20:32,464 There was some discussion. 335 00:20:32,489 --> 00:20:33,858 Seekers. 336 00:20:34,179 --> 00:20:35,813 Can you tell me anything about that? 337 00:20:37,778 --> 00:20:40,210 It was all... all very theoretical... 338 00:20:40,285 --> 00:20:42,670 - But... look, I can understand you're reluct... - Look. 339 00:20:44,182 --> 00:20:45,717 All I'm prepared to say, 340 00:20:46,209 --> 00:20:48,876 is there were three alternatives for discussion. 341 00:20:49,182 --> 00:20:51,381 First two were crazy. Forget about them. 342 00:20:52,103 --> 00:20:54,114 The third alternative... 343 00:20:55,411 --> 00:20:57,038 Maybe not so crazy... 344 00:20:57,793 --> 00:21:00,150 But I don't know whether anything was ever done about it. 345 00:21:00,372 --> 00:21:01,880 Can you tell me what it was? 346 00:21:04,405 --> 00:21:06,323 At the time that interview was filmed, 347 00:21:06,348 --> 00:21:09,531 Carl Gerstein refused to say anything further about 348 00:21:09,556 --> 00:21:11,089 'Alternative 3'. 349 00:21:12,173 --> 00:21:14,270 In the second part of this special program, 350 00:21:14,295 --> 00:21:17,613 we shall show you how we uncovered that information for ourselves. 351 00:21:18,254 --> 00:21:22,645 We'll also be bringing you, a remarkable interview with former astronaut, Bob Grodin. 352 00:21:22,896 --> 00:21:26,010 Filmed in secret, at his hideaway in New England. 353 00:21:26,492 --> 00:21:27,880 Stay with us then. 354 00:22:35,191 --> 00:22:39,721 This is astronaut, Bob Grodin, before his first moonwalk. 355 00:22:40,547 --> 00:22:44,324 More than one of the men who were part of that first Apollo program, 356 00:22:44,349 --> 00:22:47,643 find it difficult to readjust to life back on Earth, 357 00:22:47,713 --> 00:22:50,151 but no one more so, than this man. 358 00:22:55,039 --> 00:22:57,317 Here he is, as he is today. 359 00:22:58,730 --> 00:23:00,245 5 years on. 360 00:23:02,182 --> 00:23:05,364 There were psychological factors it seemed. 361 00:23:05,468 --> 00:23:08,577 Which on the surface, could explain away the 362 00:23:08,751 --> 00:23:10,577 changes in personality. 363 00:23:10,714 --> 00:23:11,981 The instability. 364 00:23:12,246 --> 00:23:14,613 The breakdown of former relationships. 365 00:23:16,048 --> 00:23:19,817 But what exactly were those psychological factors? 366 00:23:37,674 --> 00:23:41,000 Hey, Houston, you hear this constant wind we have here now? 367 00:23:41,374 --> 00:23:43,962 Affirmative. We heard it. 368 00:23:44,119 --> 00:23:47,086 Uh, what is it? You have some explanation for that? 369 00:23:47,111 --> 00:23:50,620 We have not. Don't worry. Continue your program. 370 00:23:52,000 --> 00:23:53,245 Oh boy, it's a... 371 00:23:53,270 --> 00:23:57,962 It's... It is really something similar [...] you hear, you couldn't have imagined this. 372 00:23:58,305 --> 00:24:00,556 Roger. We know about that. 373 00:24:00,651 --> 00:24:03,473 Could you go the other way? Go back the other way! 374 00:24:03,817 --> 00:24:06,197 Well, it's kinda rich and a... 375 00:24:06,222 --> 00:24:07,732 Pretty spectacular. 376 00:24:08,087 --> 00:24:09,095 My God...! 377 00:24:09,667 --> 00:24:11,254 What is that there? 378 00:24:11,321 --> 00:24:13,286 - [Unintelligble] - What is that?! 379 00:24:13,311 --> 00:24:17,176 - Go! Tango! Tango! - Now there's kind of light there now. 380 00:24:17,667 --> 00:24:19,554 Roger, we got it. We've market it. 381 00:24:19,579 --> 00:24:20,927 Lose communication! 382 00:24:20,952 --> 00:24:22,901 Bravo-Tango! Bravo-Tango! 383 00:24:23,071 --> 00:24:25,526 Select Jezebel. Jezebel. 384 00:24:27,528 --> 00:24:28,981 Yeah, uh... 385 00:24:29,825 --> 00:24:31,331 But this is unbelievable! 386 00:24:31,817 --> 00:24:34,268 Recorder off. Bravo-Tango. Bravo-Tango. 387 00:24:38,270 --> 00:24:39,278 "Bravo-Tango". 388 00:24:39,516 --> 00:24:40,382 "Jezebel". 389 00:24:40,494 --> 00:24:41,694 A form of code. 390 00:24:41,854 --> 00:24:43,063 But meaning what? 391 00:24:43,326 --> 00:24:47,897 Certainly nothing to the 600 million people listening on Earth below. 392 00:24:48,524 --> 00:24:50,058 From Boston, Massachusetts, 393 00:24:50,252 --> 00:24:53,895 we arranged for ex-astronaut, Bob Grodin to talk to us. 394 00:24:54,575 --> 00:24:57,426 The interview was filmed, to be edited later. 395 00:24:58,279 --> 00:24:59,399 Can you hear me alright? 396 00:24:59,424 --> 00:25:00,863 - Can you hear me in Boston? - Yeah. 397 00:25:01,865 --> 00:25:02,873 Yeah. Go ahead. 398 00:25:03,825 --> 00:25:07,451 Grodin showed no reluctance to discuss the breakdown he'd suffered, 399 00:25:07,476 --> 00:25:09,412 after his return from space. 400 00:25:09,913 --> 00:25:12,851 But nothing remarkable seemed likely to come from the interview, 401 00:25:13,103 --> 00:25:15,060 until I asked, this question: 402 00:25:15,611 --> 00:25:16,729 It's been suggested, 403 00:25:16,754 --> 00:25:19,302 among others, by some very responsible people, 404 00:25:19,397 --> 00:25:21,789 that you, all of you on the Apollo program, 405 00:25:21,902 --> 00:25:23,971 - Mhm. - that you saw far more out there, 406 00:25:23,996 --> 00:25:25,831 than you've been allowed to admit publically. 407 00:25:25,856 --> 00:25:27,920 Would you like to comment on that suggestion? 408 00:25:30,675 --> 00:25:32,045 Look, what the hell are you trying to do to me... 409 00:25:32,150 --> 00:25:32,794 Hm? 410 00:25:33,186 --> 00:25:34,972 Can I ask ya? What the hell are you trying to do with me? 411 00:25:35,130 --> 00:25:37,287 - What... I was only trying to... - You tryin' to screw me?! 412 00:25:37,552 --> 00:25:39,421 Is that what you're trying to do, you trying to screw me? 413 00:25:39,568 --> 00:25:40,787 Like that... Like that dumb... 414 00:25:41,116 --> 00:25:42,976 bastard Ballentine, is that what you tryin' to do? 415 00:25:43,028 --> 00:25:44,015 But why me?! 416 00:25:44,268 --> 00:25:46,399 I'm up there to do a job, man, that's all I ever got there to do. 417 00:25:46,424 --> 00:25:47,872 - I don't have to answer question... - Oh, hell... 418 00:25:47,897 --> 00:25:50,250 - What's the matter with this thing now... - Sorry, Tim, but it's not this end, 419 00:25:50,275 --> 00:25:52,042 somebody's pulled a switch somewhere... 420 00:25:52,372 --> 00:25:57,397 That 'somewhere', so far as we could discover, was neither in London, nor in Boston. 421 00:25:57,759 --> 00:25:59,857 But in a satellite connecting the two. 422 00:26:00,105 --> 00:26:02,638 The incident has never been explained. 423 00:26:02,968 --> 00:26:05,355 Nevertheless, that one word "Ballentine", 424 00:26:05,380 --> 00:26:08,468 was enough to send Colin Benson and a camera operator, 425 00:26:08,493 --> 00:26:10,902 with some very innocent-looking home movie equipment, 426 00:26:11,087 --> 00:26:13,429 across the Atlantic, posing as tourists. 427 00:26:13,778 --> 00:26:15,047 This is what they brought back, 428 00:26:15,222 --> 00:26:16,819 on 8mm film. 429 00:26:19,403 --> 00:26:21,363 I would never have found Bob Grodin, 430 00:26:21,468 --> 00:26:23,580 unless he had been willing that I should. 431 00:26:23,811 --> 00:26:25,745 But starting with the few leads I had, 432 00:26:25,850 --> 00:26:29,003 I was brought eventually to the remote bungalow where he now lives. 433 00:26:29,118 --> 00:26:30,118 - Okay. - Mmm. 434 00:26:31,534 --> 00:26:33,315 - You want a beer? - Mhm. Sure. 435 00:26:33,483 --> 00:26:34,770 Let's go on. Outta the way. 436 00:26:36,048 --> 00:26:37,056 Annie?! 437 00:26:38,583 --> 00:26:40,306 Annie, can we have a couple of cold beers? 438 00:26:42,841 --> 00:26:43,849 Hmm. 439 00:26:44,240 --> 00:26:47,095 Well? What you wanna do, you wanna do it out here, or in there? 440 00:26:47,659 --> 00:26:48,667 Couldn't make any difference. 441 00:26:49,067 --> 00:26:51,821 I don't think we're gonna have a private conversation. 442 00:26:52,341 --> 00:26:53,292 There. 443 00:26:53,705 --> 00:26:54,455 Oh. 444 00:26:55,311 --> 00:26:57,206 Thank you, baby. Meet the professor. 445 00:26:57,320 --> 00:26:58,407 - Hi. - Thank you. 446 00:26:59,031 --> 00:27:00,373 You ever reveal all? 447 00:27:01,613 --> 00:27:02,708 Well, that's Annie. 448 00:27:03,448 --> 00:27:04,760 And she's not my daughter, alright? 449 00:27:04,785 --> 00:27:06,300 You put that on the record? 450 00:27:06,556 --> 00:27:07,306 Alright? 451 00:27:08,090 --> 00:27:08,927 You got it, Bob. 452 00:27:10,330 --> 00:27:11,405 She's a great kid. 453 00:27:12,452 --> 00:27:13,842 Well better, I... 454 00:27:17,992 --> 00:27:19,000 I'm pretty lucky... 455 00:27:19,198 --> 00:27:24,870 We talked for an hour before Grodin became willing to discuss our previous and abortive satellite interview. 456 00:27:26,421 --> 00:27:27,429 Uhm... 457 00:27:27,476 --> 00:27:28,484 You try that. 458 00:27:28,571 --> 00:27:29,579 Yeah, cheers. Thanks. 459 00:27:33,160 --> 00:27:35,532 What exactly can you tell us about Ballentine? 460 00:27:37,481 --> 00:27:38,353 Oh... 461 00:27:38,545 --> 00:27:41,456 Well, whatever, I mean Ballentine, he showed up at uh, 462 00:27:41,849 --> 00:27:44,825 at NASA, in some uh, with some tape he made. 463 00:27:45,532 --> 00:27:48,501 And he got pretty damned excited when they put it back in that jukebox. 464 00:27:48,784 --> 00:27:49,792 Jukebox? 465 00:27:49,837 --> 00:27:51,095 Oh, the decoder. 466 00:27:51,343 --> 00:27:54,412 I mean, you can pick up a signal if you got the equipment, but you can't uh, 467 00:27:54,507 --> 00:27:55,904 you can't unscramble that. 468 00:27:56,185 --> 00:27:57,949 Without NASA's equipment? 469 00:27:58,190 --> 00:27:59,026 That's right. 470 00:27:59,889 --> 00:28:00,805 And uh, 471 00:28:00,886 --> 00:28:01,894 Some young guy... 472 00:28:03,383 --> 00:28:04,578 couldn't do it. 473 00:28:05,552 --> 00:28:06,889 Should've known better than that. 474 00:28:07,159 --> 00:28:07,904 Was it... 475 00:28:08,926 --> 00:28:09,708 this man? 476 00:28:12,437 --> 00:28:13,444 Yeah, could be. 477 00:28:14,071 --> 00:28:15,079 Yeah, it looks like him. 478 00:28:15,816 --> 00:28:18,435 - Look, are you sure you don't want Bourbon? - No, no, no, no, beer is fine. 479 00:28:18,744 --> 00:28:20,538 What you're saying is that, 480 00:28:20,563 --> 00:28:21,970 Ballentine was killed? 481 00:28:22,179 --> 00:28:24,087 Because of what he discovered on that tape? 482 00:28:26,043 --> 00:28:27,626 I'm saying nothin', uhm... 483 00:28:27,651 --> 00:28:29,165 I just saw the way that they... 484 00:28:30,778 --> 00:28:32,454 That those guys looked at him, and 485 00:28:32,479 --> 00:28:34,699 I know those looks, 'cause they looked at me the same way. 486 00:28:35,027 --> 00:28:36,177 'Those guys'? 487 00:28:37,341 --> 00:28:39,387 Look, come on, get a real drink, will ya? 488 00:28:40,622 --> 00:28:41,565 Come on. 489 00:28:52,739 --> 00:28:53,842 Okay, Bob... 490 00:28:54,087 --> 00:28:55,543 What did happen out there? 491 00:28:55,636 --> 00:28:56,703 The moonlanding. 492 00:28:59,954 --> 00:29:01,119 Well, we had kind of a... 493 00:29:01,340 --> 00:29:02,535 big disappointment. 494 00:29:03,093 --> 00:29:04,637 And we didn't get there first. 495 00:29:05,451 --> 00:29:06,594 What do you mean? 496 00:29:11,925 --> 00:29:13,527 Those later Apollos? 497 00:29:14,357 --> 00:29:15,770 They're just a smokescreen...! 498 00:29:16,355 --> 00:29:18,720 To cover up what's really goin' on out there...! 499 00:29:19,373 --> 00:29:20,381 And the bastards... 500 00:29:22,124 --> 00:29:24,966 - They didn't even tell us! Nothin'! - But what is going on? 501 00:29:25,903 --> 00:29:27,487 Well, how the hell should I know... 502 00:29:27,806 --> 00:29:30,067 You ask Pentagon. You phone the Kremlin? 503 00:29:30,226 --> 00:29:32,195 After all, they were who started this race. 504 00:29:32,609 --> 00:29:34,165 I mean, you're not gonna just... 505 00:29:34,190 --> 00:29:35,198 Give up?! 506 00:29:35,440 --> 00:29:36,448 Do you? 507 00:29:38,041 --> 00:29:39,105 Give up?? 508 00:29:41,252 --> 00:29:42,260 I need another drink. 509 00:29:43,281 --> 00:29:45,044 - You want a drink? - No, I'm really dizzy. 510 00:29:50,072 --> 00:29:52,507 Bob, you... are you gonna tell me? Wh... Wh... 511 00:29:52,532 --> 00:29:53,955 What is going on? I mean... 512 00:29:54,262 --> 00:29:55,372 What did you see? 513 00:29:59,711 --> 00:30:01,706 Well, we came down the wrong place... 514 00:30:02,621 --> 00:30:03,895 And it was crawlin'... 515 00:30:04,399 --> 00:30:06,163 [...] 516 00:30:07,087 --> 00:30:09,171 Is it you're talking about men from Earth? 517 00:30:10,833 --> 00:30:11,983 What do you think? 518 00:30:13,595 --> 00:30:15,976 That they need all that crap?! 519 00:30:16,225 --> 00:30:18,101 Down in Florida, to get two guys... 520 00:30:19,079 --> 00:30:20,087 up there on... 521 00:30:20,405 --> 00:30:21,785 on a bicycle...! 522 00:30:22,721 --> 00:30:24,336 The hell they do! You know... 523 00:30:24,540 --> 00:30:26,082 Look... You know why we're there...? 524 00:30:26,700 --> 00:30:30,429 To give them a good PR story for all the hardware they shootin' on into space. 525 00:30:30,454 --> 00:30:32,152 I mean, we're nothin, man... We... 526 00:30:32,579 --> 00:30:34,009 Christ, we're nothin'! 527 00:30:38,611 --> 00:30:39,844 You know why we're there? 528 00:30:40,750 --> 00:30:42,883 To keep you bums happy... 529 00:30:43,238 --> 00:30:47,102 To stop you from askin' questions about what... what the hell is really goin' on. 530 00:30:47,960 --> 00:30:49,040 Out there. 531 00:30:50,855 --> 00:30:52,125 Look, that's it. That... 532 00:30:52,678 --> 00:30:53,686 That's it. 533 00:30:54,048 --> 00:30:55,156 End of story. 534 00:30:55,706 --> 00:30:57,055 I should finish. 535 00:31:04,262 --> 00:31:05,270 Annie? 536 00:31:06,884 --> 00:31:08,863 Fear. Suspicion. 537 00:31:09,083 --> 00:31:10,343 Unanswered questions. 538 00:31:11,190 --> 00:31:12,198 Possibly murder. 539 00:31:13,135 --> 00:31:14,259 What were we dealing with? 540 00:31:15,270 --> 00:31:20,592 Back in London, we did what we could to investigate the claims made by ex-astronaut Bob Grodin. 541 00:31:20,992 --> 00:31:22,285 Katherine White reports: 542 00:31:22,540 --> 00:31:29,563 Institute of International Political Studies is a non-government organization based in London St. James'. 543 00:31:29,587 --> 00:31:32,094 It was Grodin's linking of the Pentagon with the Kremlin, 544 00:31:32,119 --> 00:31:33,708 and the implications behind it, 545 00:31:33,973 --> 00:31:37,095 that brought me here, to talk to Professor G. Gordon Broadbent, 546 00:31:37,308 --> 00:31:41,844 author of a major study of US-Soviet diplomacy since the 1950's. 547 00:31:45,596 --> 00:31:47,595 The short answer is, 548 00:31:47,849 --> 00:31:49,437 that I know nothing of... 549 00:31:50,610 --> 00:31:52,716 US-Soviet relations, 550 00:31:53,293 --> 00:31:56,468 beyond what has already been made public. 551 00:31:57,825 --> 00:31:59,026 We had the 552 00:31:59,468 --> 00:32:02,238 celebrated docking in space some time ago. 553 00:32:03,047 --> 00:32:07,635 This was presented as an isolated exercise, and as far as I know was exactly that. 554 00:32:08,683 --> 00:32:10,762 Maybe paving the way for more to come. 555 00:32:37,908 --> 00:32:40,153 Okay, everything's nice and steady in here. 556 00:32:40,210 --> 00:32:42,556 Okay, can you pull the door open a little bit more? 557 00:32:45,845 --> 00:32:48,010 - Hello, Andrรฉ! - Hello, Bob! 558 00:32:50,331 --> 00:32:54,426 Though on the broad issues of Soviet-US cooperation, 559 00:32:55,714 --> 00:32:59,397 there is an element of mystery which puzzles many people in my field. 560 00:33:01,040 --> 00:33:02,635 To put it at it's simplest, 561 00:33:03,262 --> 00:33:04,751 none of us can understand 562 00:33:04,776 --> 00:33:08,545 how it is, that the peace has been maintained for the past 25 years. 563 00:33:09,102 --> 00:33:11,013 You mean the experts are baffled? 564 00:33:11,595 --> 00:33:13,722 But also, for once, 565 00:33:14,428 --> 00:33:15,538 in agreement. 566 00:33:15,912 --> 00:33:19,930 And yet the popular myth that it's been proved for the balance of nuclear power doesn't, 567 00:33:20,094 --> 00:33:22,390 frankly, hold up entirely. 568 00:33:23,587 --> 00:33:27,332 And the more you look at it, the less sense it makes, there are too many imbalances. 569 00:33:27,357 --> 00:33:29,920 Especially when you put it in the perspective of history. 570 00:33:30,325 --> 00:33:31,881 So what is your explanation? 571 00:33:32,548 --> 00:33:34,885 Essentially what we are suggesting is, 572 00:33:35,556 --> 00:33:37,959 that at the very highest level of 573 00:33:38,429 --> 00:33:40,007 East-West diplomacy, 574 00:33:41,046 --> 00:33:43,011 ther is operating a factor, 575 00:33:44,135 --> 00:33:45,352 of which we know nothing. 576 00:33:45,698 --> 00:33:47,518 Now. It could just be, 577 00:33:47,674 --> 00:33:50,558 could, that this unknow factor, 578 00:33:51,420 --> 00:33:54,952 is a massive, but covered operation in space. 579 00:33:57,523 --> 00:33:59,754 As for the reason behind it, well... 580 00:34:00,992 --> 00:34:02,999 We're not in the business of speculation. 581 00:34:04,403 --> 00:34:07,077 T-minus whose guidance is internal: 582 00:34:10,917 --> 00:34:13,218 Ignition sequence start. 583 00:34:19,110 --> 00:34:21,165 ... Zero. All engine running. 584 00:34:21,721 --> 00:34:24,037 Lift-off! We have a lift-off! 585 00:34:24,062 --> 00:34:26,865 32 minutes past the hour. 586 00:34:26,907 --> 00:34:28,077 Tower cleared. 587 00:34:50,892 --> 00:34:53,212 This, is the colossal power 588 00:34:53,237 --> 00:34:56,991 needed to pull clear from the Earth's gravitational field. 589 00:34:57,016 --> 00:34:58,966 And put, in Grodin's words: 590 00:34:59,394 --> 00:35:03,157 "Two men on a bicycle, on the surface of the Moon." 591 00:35:17,177 --> 00:35:19,272 I'm going to step off the LEM now. 592 00:35:21,415 --> 00:35:24,329 It's one small step for man... 593 00:35:26,452 --> 00:35:30,265 one giant leap for mankind. 594 00:35:44,261 --> 00:35:46,216 But suppose such immense power, 595 00:35:46,241 --> 00:35:49,454 did not have to be chiefly consumed in merely getting into space, 596 00:35:49,479 --> 00:35:52,385 but could start from space. 597 00:35:52,410 --> 00:35:55,504 What kind of travel would that bring, within our grasp? 598 00:35:55,536 --> 00:35:58,313 Obviosly, we could go further with less power. 599 00:35:58,464 --> 00:36:00,567 Or, send a much larger craft. 600 00:36:01,294 --> 00:36:05,937 In fact, the only way we're gonna see space travel on any scale, is... 601 00:36:06,135 --> 00:36:08,273 by this kind of extra-terrestrial launching. 602 00:36:08,570 --> 00:36:10,175 Uh, for instance from a 603 00:36:10,200 --> 00:36:12,206 a space platform orbiting the Earth. 604 00:36:12,325 --> 00:36:13,333 Or the moon? 605 00:36:13,594 --> 00:36:14,951 Oh, sure, yeah 606 00:36:14,976 --> 00:36:18,368 if we could get the material there, to build the craft, then it'll make real good sense. 607 00:36:18,661 --> 00:36:20,783 Could we transport the materials there? 608 00:36:21,023 --> 00:36:23,822 It'd take one hell of a shuttle, but... yeah. 609 00:36:25,579 --> 00:36:27,058 We have the machines now. 610 00:36:27,929 --> 00:36:29,463 In theory we could do it. 611 00:36:30,761 --> 00:36:34,628 Uh, 'specially if we had some sort of... international cooperation. 612 00:36:35,103 --> 00:36:38,603 International cooperation? In space? 613 00:36:38,628 --> 00:36:39,959 A space shuttle. 614 00:36:40,046 --> 00:36:42,276 But shuttling what, to where? 615 00:36:46,034 --> 00:36:49,638 We also hear talk of Russian and American sky-labs, 616 00:36:49,663 --> 00:36:53,091 and the men who live and work in them, for several months at a time. 617 00:36:53,116 --> 00:36:55,740 But what are they all doing, up there in space? 618 00:37:01,520 --> 00:37:06,410 We tend to think of the 'arms race' and the 'space race' as practically the same thing... 619 00:37:06,823 --> 00:37:09,064 Visits by one side to the other 620 00:37:09,089 --> 00:37:13,354 here, Soviet technicians and astronauts are greeted by their American counterparts, 621 00:37:13,555 --> 00:37:16,306 have been dismissed as diplomatic courtecies. 622 00:37:16,331 --> 00:37:19,099 We work together in procedures. We have a working relationship, 623 00:37:19,333 --> 00:37:22,286 that's quite good, with the Soviet Union I am sure is going to continue. 624 00:37:22,956 --> 00:37:25,028 But the Russians were the first in space, 625 00:37:25,053 --> 00:37:27,115 with their Sputnik in 1957. 626 00:37:27,476 --> 00:37:31,631 And later the same year, the first with a living creature: Laika, the dog. 627 00:37:32,825 --> 00:37:34,687 Then they made, 3 years later, 628 00:37:34,719 --> 00:37:38,703 the gigantic step with the first man in space: Yuri Gagarin. 629 00:37:41,314 --> 00:37:44,159 And later on, the first woman: Valentina. 630 00:37:45,253 --> 00:37:49,635 The drive to make the first man on the Moon an American was launched by President Kennedy. 631 00:37:49,660 --> 00:37:51,255 ... the first waves of modern invention, 632 00:37:52,238 --> 00:37:54,314 and the first wave of nuclear power, 633 00:37:54,459 --> 00:37:57,483 and this generation does not intend 634 00:37:58,055 --> 00:37:59,904 to founder in the backwash, 635 00:38:00,254 --> 00:38:01,858 of the coming age of space. 636 00:38:01,960 --> 00:38:03,825 We mean to be a part of it. 637 00:38:03,857 --> 00:38:05,111 We mean to lead it. 638 00:38:08,069 --> 00:38:10,609 By the late '60s, the Russians it seemed, 639 00:38:10,634 --> 00:38:13,291 had simply dropped out, and stopped trying. 640 00:38:17,911 --> 00:38:21,336 An yet today, Cape Canaveral, is virtually abandoned. 641 00:38:21,575 --> 00:38:24,308 A desert of reinforced concrete and steel. 642 00:38:24,554 --> 00:38:29,062 The most ambitious project in the history of mankind, seemed to be over. 643 00:38:31,373 --> 00:38:34,080 Are we to believe that this is where it all ends? 644 00:38:34,452 --> 00:38:38,025 Of the estimated 2,000 launchings from Earth to space, 645 00:38:38,125 --> 00:38:40,959 at least 60% have been by the Russians. 646 00:38:45,222 --> 00:38:47,094 The near side of the Moon's surface, 647 00:38:47,119 --> 00:38:49,010 the side visible to us here on Earth. 648 00:38:49,420 --> 00:38:53,252 The flags indicate acknowledged landings of American and Soviet craft. 649 00:38:53,928 --> 00:38:56,904 Among the space ships the Russians sent up, was the Vostok. 650 00:38:57,024 --> 00:38:59,987 Supposedly, not intended to reach the Moon's surface. 651 00:39:00,145 --> 00:39:02,050 But in 1972, 652 00:39:02,271 --> 00:39:03,780 this sighting was recorded. 653 00:39:05,190 --> 00:39:06,325 More detail, please. 654 00:39:06,555 --> 00:39:08,555 Can you give more detail of what you are seeing? 655 00:39:09,651 --> 00:39:11,540 Uh, it's somethin' flashin'. 656 00:39:11,565 --> 00:39:12,770 It's all so far. 657 00:39:12,806 --> 00:39:16,114 There's a light going on around by the edge of the crater. 658 00:39:16,239 --> 00:39:17,698 Can you give a coordinate? 659 00:39:18,540 --> 00:39:20,214 Well, it's something there... 660 00:39:20,484 --> 00:39:22,968 Uhm, come in a little further down. 661 00:39:23,961 --> 00:39:25,834 It couldn't be a Vostok, would it? 662 00:39:28,043 --> 00:39:30,059 Uh, I can't be sure, uh... 663 00:39:30,084 --> 00:39:31,258 It's possible. 664 00:39:35,364 --> 00:39:38,753 The Russian Vostok flights, took place in the early '60s. 665 00:39:38,778 --> 00:39:40,511 They were, as we've said, 666 00:39:40,544 --> 00:39:44,044 Earth-orbiting space ships, not designed to reach the Moon. 667 00:39:45,651 --> 00:39:50,254 So what are we to make of this 'casual' suggestion by Houston Mission Control, 668 00:39:50,290 --> 00:39:53,932 and then equally casual acceptance by the Lunar Module pilot, 669 00:39:54,055 --> 00:39:58,318 that in 1972, an obsolete Russian space ship, 670 00:39:58,343 --> 00:40:00,985 is orbiting the Moon, flashing it's lights? 671 00:40:12,794 --> 00:40:14,837 The Russians were the first on the moon, 672 00:40:14,870 --> 00:40:17,180 with a unmanned rocket, which landed here, 673 00:40:17,325 --> 00:40:18,687 in 1959. 674 00:40:19,523 --> 00:40:21,823 Here, exactly 10 years later, 675 00:40:22,230 --> 00:40:23,564 Neil Armstrong landed. 676 00:40:24,468 --> 00:40:25,707 But our researchers, 677 00:40:25,738 --> 00:40:28,029 show another pattern of landings. 678 00:40:28,317 --> 00:40:30,004 On the far side of the Moon. 679 00:40:30,270 --> 00:40:31,321 The Dark Side. 680 00:40:31,865 --> 00:40:34,714 The side hidden from us, here on Earth. 681 00:40:36,325 --> 00:40:38,453 Are we to assume, that this, 682 00:40:38,675 --> 00:40:42,158 remarkable grouping of American and Soviet landings, 683 00:40:42,422 --> 00:40:43,985 is mere coincidence? 684 00:40:45,662 --> 00:40:47,245 When we returned to Cambridge, 685 00:40:47,270 --> 00:40:51,432 and presented Dr. Carl Gerstein with the information we'd so far aquired, 686 00:40:51,715 --> 00:40:54,100 he finally agreed to speak, on record, 687 00:40:54,230 --> 00:40:55,584 about 'Alternative 3'. 688 00:40:58,748 --> 00:41:00,805 We had agreed at the Huntsville conference, 689 00:41:00,830 --> 00:41:02,337 that there was nothing we could do, 690 00:41:02,506 --> 00:41:04,591 to cut either world population, 691 00:41:04,651 --> 00:41:06,198 or the consumption of resources, 692 00:41:06,341 --> 00:41:08,229 essential for survival on Earth. 693 00:41:10,032 --> 00:41:11,040 Alternative 3, 694 00:41:11,476 --> 00:41:13,386 was a much more limited option. 695 00:41:13,921 --> 00:41:15,707 It was an attempt to ensure, 696 00:41:15,921 --> 00:41:19,502 that at least some of the human race survived the consequences. 697 00:41:20,500 --> 00:41:21,508 We were the theorists. 698 00:41:22,056 --> 00:41:23,429 Not technicians. 699 00:41:23,677 --> 00:41:26,667 But we realized we were talking about a kind of space travel, 700 00:41:26,889 --> 00:41:29,611 which had had only appeared in scientific fiction so far. 701 00:41:29,691 --> 00:41:32,461 What, you mean, go to some other planet? 702 00:41:34,783 --> 00:41:38,196 I mean get the hell of this one whilst there's still time. 703 00:41:38,952 --> 00:41:40,197 Dr. Carl Gerstein, 704 00:41:40,222 --> 00:41:44,491 then went on to discuss the kind of cross-section they would like to see get away. 705 00:41:44,682 --> 00:41:47,448 A balance of the sciences, and the arts. 706 00:41:47,529 --> 00:41:51,343 In fact, all aspects as far as possible, of human culture. 707 00:41:51,659 --> 00:41:53,821 He said the list would never be complete, 708 00:41:54,240 --> 00:41:56,143 but it would be better than nothing. 709 00:41:57,040 --> 00:41:59,012 These are the cards you saw earlier. 710 00:41:59,214 --> 00:42:02,859 All of them, people who've disappeared without trace or explanation, 711 00:42:02,884 --> 00:42:04,581 during the last 18 months. 712 00:42:05,401 --> 00:42:07,928 In other countries, they have similar lists. 713 00:42:08,590 --> 00:42:09,469 All people, 714 00:42:09,494 --> 00:42:13,576 forming that same kind of cross-section that Carl Gerstein described. 715 00:42:13,960 --> 00:42:15,496 All, were in good health, 716 00:42:15,552 --> 00:42:18,076 and all under the age: 55. 717 00:42:19,230 --> 00:42:20,608 But where have they gone? 718 00:42:33,333 --> 00:42:36,279 Here is a picture, of a supposedly dead planet, 719 00:42:36,304 --> 00:42:37,728 the nearest one to Earth. 720 00:42:38,565 --> 00:42:41,624 Mars would appear to offer little prospect of survival, 721 00:42:41,649 --> 00:42:44,581 if these photographs from Viking 2 are to be believed. 722 00:42:44,905 --> 00:42:45,913 But are they? 723 00:42:46,643 --> 00:42:48,356 Charles Welbourne himself, 724 00:42:48,460 --> 00:42:50,485 seemed surprised that the Americans, 725 00:42:50,635 --> 00:42:54,469 after spending so much money in putting the probe on the surface of Mars, 726 00:42:54,557 --> 00:42:56,166 should then equip it with a camera, 727 00:42:56,244 --> 00:42:58,867 that only focused up to 100m. [328 feet] 728 00:42:58,906 --> 00:43:00,987 Or as Colin Benson suggested: 729 00:43:01,086 --> 00:43:03,708 "The average size of a large film studio." 730 00:43:03,733 --> 00:43:05,000 What's your answer? 731 00:43:05,151 --> 00:43:06,445 Well, you gotta remember that 732 00:43:06,456 --> 00:43:09,716 all these pictures that we get come in through NASA, and... 733 00:43:09,741 --> 00:43:11,288 then they're given to the rest of us. 734 00:43:12,193 --> 00:43:14,458 They say it's Mars, we have to believe'em. 735 00:43:15,484 --> 00:43:17,181 It's the same thing with audio. 736 00:43:18,091 --> 00:43:20,435 I mean, we don't hear everything that's said, 737 00:43:20,460 --> 00:43:23,576 between Mission Control and the space craft, there's a second channel. 738 00:43:23,685 --> 00:43:25,429 They call it 'The Biological Channel'. 739 00:43:25,745 --> 00:43:29,692 Officially it's just for reporting on medical details. 740 00:43:29,905 --> 00:43:32,523 In effect, it's the one they switch to, 741 00:43:32,548 --> 00:43:35,697 when they have something to say they don't want the whole world to listen in on. 742 00:43:37,278 --> 00:43:38,785 I mean... Sure. 743 00:43:39,045 --> 00:43:41,690 That could be a studio in Burbank. 744 00:43:42,458 --> 00:43:43,777 But I mean... 745 00:43:44,979 --> 00:43:46,545 For God's sake... 746 00:43:48,349 --> 00:43:51,032 Mariner 4 passed close enough to Mars, 747 00:43:51,067 --> 00:43:54,570 to send the best photographs of it's surface we'd had so far. 748 00:43:54,756 --> 00:43:57,438 But, was it all, just like this? 749 00:43:57,953 --> 00:44:02,686 Mariners has always been a source of fascination to mankind. 750 00:44:02,865 --> 00:44:04,000 And a misfit. 751 00:44:05,111 --> 00:44:07,226 In the early days of astronomy, 752 00:44:07,338 --> 00:44:11,523 Mars was believed to have, artificially constructed canals, 753 00:44:11,880 --> 00:44:15,942 which was taken as evidence of intelligent life on the planet. 754 00:44:16,426 --> 00:44:18,508 But later this theory was discredited. 755 00:44:19,325 --> 00:44:20,496 In it's place, 756 00:44:20,730 --> 00:44:22,114 we had a picture of 757 00:44:22,574 --> 00:44:24,791 barren, inhospitable planet. 758 00:44:25,479 --> 00:44:28,152 [...], to the survival of any form of life. 759 00:44:29,000 --> 00:44:30,195 Then [...] 760 00:44:30,257 --> 00:44:32,610 an interesting idea was put forward. 761 00:44:33,270 --> 00:44:36,411 Suppose, life had existed on Mars. 762 00:44:36,930 --> 00:44:39,860 As the climate, and other conditions worsened, 763 00:44:40,302 --> 00:44:41,846 any surviving life, 764 00:44:42,183 --> 00:44:44,949 would have formed into a state of hibernation. 765 00:44:45,534 --> 00:44:47,162 Awaiting the return, 766 00:44:47,238 --> 00:44:49,105 of more favorable conditions. 767 00:44:50,349 --> 00:44:51,883 It was even suggested, 768 00:44:52,134 --> 00:44:54,718 that the atmosphere, which had sustained life, 769 00:44:55,152 --> 00:44:56,995 may have become entrapped, 770 00:44:57,170 --> 00:44:59,472 in the surface soil of the planet. 771 00:45:00,575 --> 00:45:03,523 There was in the cards, several years ago, 772 00:45:04,081 --> 00:45:05,857 which made this theory, 773 00:45:05,882 --> 00:45:07,322 very persuasive. 774 00:45:08,046 --> 00:45:10,411 Mars has always had a covering of cloud, 775 00:45:10,436 --> 00:45:12,682 varying in density at different times. 776 00:45:12,883 --> 00:45:15,455 Until a time of which Dr. Gerstein spoke, 777 00:45:15,638 --> 00:45:19,138 when the cloud thickened, to a degree never previously observed. 778 00:45:19,596 --> 00:45:20,745 This happened, 779 00:45:20,912 --> 00:45:24,412 and was scientifically recorded, in 1961. 780 00:45:25,317 --> 00:45:29,752 It was obvious, that storms of colossal proportions were taking place on Mars. 781 00:45:30,321 --> 00:45:32,018 When the clouds eventually cleared, 782 00:45:32,164 --> 00:45:34,183 some remarkable changes were seen. 783 00:45:35,006 --> 00:45:38,446 The polar ice caps had substancially decreased in size. 784 00:45:38,718 --> 00:45:40,607 And around the equatorial regions, 785 00:45:40,795 --> 00:45:43,565 a broad band of darker colouring had appeared. 786 00:45:44,013 --> 00:45:45,801 This, it has been suggested, 787 00:45:45,966 --> 00:45:47,204 was vegetation. 788 00:45:49,093 --> 00:45:50,689 Carl Gerstein's theory, 789 00:45:50,769 --> 00:45:52,386 was that these storms, 790 00:45:52,411 --> 00:45:56,578 could have been caused by a nuclear explosion, delivered from Earth. 791 00:45:57,298 --> 00:45:58,524 The same year 792 00:45:59,137 --> 00:46:01,312 the Russians had a great space disaster. 793 00:46:02,235 --> 00:46:05,143 Only the various factors were recorded, the rest was kept secret. 794 00:46:06,093 --> 00:46:08,156 A rocket blew up at launching. 795 00:46:08,803 --> 00:46:10,321 Numbers of people were killed. 796 00:46:10,548 --> 00:46:12,107 Large area devastated. 797 00:46:12,876 --> 00:46:16,482 What were the Russians trying to launch? And did they succeed? 798 00:46:17,485 --> 00:46:20,790 Was the rocket carrying a nuclear device? 799 00:46:20,838 --> 00:46:23,502 Which would account for the devastation caused. 800 00:46:23,772 --> 00:46:25,198 A nuclear device, 801 00:46:25,265 --> 00:46:26,570 which at the second attempt 802 00:46:26,595 --> 00:46:28,814 was delivered to the surface of Mars? 803 00:46:29,248 --> 00:46:32,564 Causing the dynamic changes recorded in 1961? 804 00:46:35,286 --> 00:46:36,660 48hrs ago, 805 00:46:36,685 --> 00:46:39,529 Katherine White was at her desk in the production office. 806 00:46:39,862 --> 00:46:43,695 As a matter of cause by now, all incoming phone calls were recorded. 807 00:46:45,559 --> 00:46:46,951 Hello, Science Report. 808 00:46:47,358 --> 00:46:50,288 Can I speak to Tim Brinton or, uhm, Colin Benson? 809 00:46:51,222 --> 00:46:52,912 I'm afraid they're not here just now. 810 00:46:52,937 --> 00:46:54,015 Who is it, please? 811 00:46:54,040 --> 00:46:56,783 Uh, c... uhm... can you get a message to them? 812 00:46:57,134 --> 00:46:58,312 Yes, I can. 813 00:46:58,426 --> 00:47:00,942 Just tell'em, 'the girl who was with Harry'. 814 00:47:01,269 --> 00:47:04,183 Tell'em I'm back at the house, and to get here fast. 815 00:47:04,278 --> 00:47:05,489 And bring cameras. 816 00:47:05,514 --> 00:47:08,011 I'm not talking except on record, okay? 817 00:47:11,468 --> 00:47:12,821 What happened to Harry? 818 00:47:12,846 --> 00:47:14,194 I don't know... 819 00:47:14,596 --> 00:47:18,067 - They promised me that if I turn you off the chat... - Who are 'they'? 820 00:47:20,070 --> 00:47:22,218 Eh, listen. Uhm... 821 00:47:22,431 --> 00:47:24,106 Harry wanted you to have this. 822 00:47:24,581 --> 00:47:26,750 I... I have no idea what it is. 823 00:47:28,633 --> 00:47:31,928 - Please, you got to get me somewhere to hide... - Don't worry, we will do that. 824 00:47:33,258 --> 00:47:35,466 I have no idea what it... I don't know what it does... 825 00:47:35,689 --> 00:47:36,928 It's a printed circuit. 826 00:47:37,722 --> 00:47:40,210 He said you have to fit it to... 827 00:47:40,290 --> 00:47:41,102 a... 828 00:47:41,406 --> 00:47:43,335 'an IC'... 829 00:47:43,524 --> 00:47:45,009 - something '40'. - Yes. 830 00:47:45,034 --> 00:47:46,448 and you get a 'jukebox', 831 00:47:46,473 --> 00:47:48,558 - does that mean anything to you? - We've heard of it. 832 00:47:49,093 --> 00:47:51,627 And he said you got to uhm... 833 00:47:52,528 --> 00:47:54,685 'play back Ballentine's tape.' 834 00:47:57,115 --> 00:47:58,282 That's all. 835 00:48:01,652 --> 00:48:03,547 We connected up the printed circuit, 836 00:48:03,572 --> 00:48:07,692 and played once again the video tape that Sir William Ballentine, before his death, 837 00:48:07,717 --> 00:48:09,738 had sent to his friend, John Hendry. 838 00:48:10,158 --> 00:48:12,997 This time, we obtained an acceptable picture, 839 00:48:13,102 --> 00:48:14,681 which you are now about to see, 840 00:48:14,833 --> 00:48:15,832 as we saw it. 841 00:48:15,857 --> 00:48:17,999 Roger, do you read? Circuit breakers' in? 842 00:48:19,447 --> 00:48:20,839 A big fat flair. 843 00:48:20,864 --> 00:48:22,379 Comrads? Can you hear me okay? 844 00:48:22,415 --> 00:48:24,449 - Yeah I heard. The [...] are on the TV. - Yes, we hear you loud and clear. 845 00:48:24,474 --> 00:48:25,953 We're getting a good picture here, 846 00:48:25,978 --> 00:48:27,761 and can make a fair amount of detail. 847 00:48:27,796 --> 00:48:30,327 - How is it with you? - Fine here, Houston. Roger. 848 00:48:30,831 --> 00:48:32,021 Stand by for scans. 849 00:48:34,203 --> 00:48:37,337 Start remote control sequence camera for scanning. 850 00:48:50,673 --> 00:48:52,308 Look at this place you wish of somethin'... 851 00:48:52,333 --> 00:48:54,346 Okay, and Mode 1 scanning. 852 00:48:55,435 --> 00:48:57,827 - Stand by to move on. - Standing by. 853 00:48:58,302 --> 00:48:59,892 Roger, standing by. 854 00:49:01,189 --> 00:49:03,352 Hey, is that a narrow, lower river bed? 855 00:49:03,377 --> 00:49:05,339 Can you verify that to your account? 856 00:49:05,364 --> 00:49:06,712 Roger, Houston, we saw that. 857 00:49:09,752 --> 00:49:12,026 Eh, stand by for readings, Houston. 858 00:49:12,190 --> 00:49:13,778 Standing by [...] 859 00:49:14,172 --> 00:49:17,859 Temperature: 4 ยฐC. [39.2 ยฐF] 860 00:49:19,874 --> 00:49:24,021 Wind speed: 21 km/h from SW. [13 mph] 861 00:49:25,712 --> 00:49:29,214 Atmosphere pressure: 707.7 mbar 862 00:49:36,498 --> 00:49:38,410 Stand by for landing [...] 863 00:49:43,751 --> 00:49:46,256 - Hallelujah - We did it! 864 00:49:52,875 --> 00:49:54,291 My God! What is that? 865 00:49:54,316 --> 00:49:56,401 Something moving! Something moved there! 866 00:49:56,426 --> 00:49:57,513 What the hell is that? 867 00:50:04,534 --> 00:50:08,921 Boy, when cover take the wrap off this thing, this is gonna be the biggest day in history! 868 00:50:08,946 --> 00:50:11,790 22. May, 1962. 869 00:50:11,815 --> 00:50:14,067 We're on the planet Mars, and we have life! 870 00:50:24,923 --> 00:50:29,279 We believe that, to be an authentic record of the first, and secret, 871 00:50:29,304 --> 00:50:32,655 landing on Mars by an unmanned space probe from Earth. 872 00:50:33,209 --> 00:50:35,071 We also believe the date given, 873 00:50:35,210 --> 00:50:37,884 May the 22nd, 1962, 874 00:50:37,909 --> 00:50:38,917 to be accurate. 875 00:50:40,297 --> 00:50:42,928 Clearly, the blanket of total security, 876 00:50:43,063 --> 00:50:45,282 by which this information has been covered, 877 00:50:45,716 --> 00:50:51,264 could only have been maintained by the active cooperation of governments at very high level. 878 00:50:51,607 --> 00:50:52,817 Equally clearly, 879 00:50:53,017 --> 00:50:56,678 there must have been powerful reasons why the true conditions on Mars, 880 00:50:56,703 --> 00:50:59,312 suitable as they appear to be for human habitat, 881 00:50:59,337 --> 00:51:00,640 have been kept secret. 882 00:51:01,386 --> 00:51:04,981 Indeed, the effort which has gone into persuading the rest of the world, 883 00:51:05,006 --> 00:51:06,320 that the opposite is true, 884 00:51:06,703 --> 00:51:07,805 argues that, 885 00:51:07,830 --> 00:51:11,009 some operation of supreme importance has been going on, 886 00:51:11,034 --> 00:51:13,105 beneath the security cover. 887 00:51:14,884 --> 00:51:17,069 We believe, that that operation, 888 00:51:17,094 --> 00:51:19,044 is Dr. Carl Gerstein's 889 00:51:19,314 --> 00:51:20,774 'Alternative 3'. 890 00:51:22,082 --> 00:51:26,567 Whether a human survival colony has already been established on Mars, 891 00:51:26,877 --> 00:51:30,171 or whether plans are still in preparation, for it's transportation, 892 00:51:30,196 --> 00:51:32,247 from the Moon, to Mars, 893 00:51:32,418 --> 00:51:33,561 we don't know. 894 00:51:34,131 --> 00:51:36,120 But we've put out this program tonight, 895 00:51:36,145 --> 00:51:38,341 as a challenge to those who do know: 896 00:51:38,599 --> 00:51:39,948 to tell us the truth. 897 00:51:44,401 --> 00:51:48,063 We regret if the implications of what you've seen, 898 00:51:48,088 --> 00:51:51,265 are less than optimistic for the future of life on this planet. 899 00:51:51,985 --> 00:51:53,921 It has been our task however, 900 00:51:54,046 --> 00:51:57,069 to present the facts, as we understand them. 901 00:51:57,517 --> 00:51:59,814 And, to await the response. 902 00:52:00,502 --> 00:52:01,544 Good night. 72993

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