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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:04,133 --> 00:00:07,467 Narrator: an epic cliff face Construction carved into rock... 2 00:00:08,633 --> 00:00:11,233 It's not only the fact this Tunnel sort of leads out 3 00:00:11,300 --> 00:00:14,400 To sea, but it comes out Halfway up a cliff. 4 00:00:17,033 --> 00:00:20,267 Narrator: an eerie facility With a gothic feel... 5 00:00:20,333 --> 00:00:24,400 Auerbach: those gargoyles are Very strange, almost like 6 00:00:24,467 --> 00:00:26,200 They're guarding something 7 00:00:26,267 --> 00:00:28,767 Or perhaps warning people About what's inside. 8 00:00:30,800 --> 00:00:31,000 Narrator: ...And a mystical Labyrinth with the power 9 00:00:33,833 --> 00:00:35,267 To play with the mind. 10 00:00:35,333 --> 00:00:39,533 So increasingly Disoriented underground, 11 00:00:39,600 --> 00:00:44,967 These russian secret police Begin to hunt each other. 12 00:00:47,100 --> 00:00:48,533 Narrator: Decaying relics. 13 00:00:51,900 --> 00:00:54,367 Ruins of lost worlds. 14 00:00:56,500 --> 00:00:59,433 Sites haunted by the past. 15 00:01:01,933 --> 00:01:05,200 Their secrets waiting To be revealed. 16 00:01:05,267 --> 00:01:11,733 * 17 00:01:11,800 --> 00:01:17,367 * 18 00:01:17,433 --> 00:01:20,400 On the outskirts of Louisville, kentucky, 19 00:01:20,467 --> 00:01:22,933 Perched on top of a hill, lies 20 00:01:23,067 --> 00:01:26,400 The battered shell of A huge and imposing building. 21 00:01:28,433 --> 00:01:30,000 Auerbach: it's not the kind of Place you'd stumble across 22 00:01:30,000 --> 00:01:30,767 Auerbach: it's not the kind of Place you'd stumble across 23 00:01:30,833 --> 00:01:31,000 By accident -- It's pretty secluded. 24 00:01:33,800 --> 00:01:36,700 To get to the place, You have to take this long, 25 00:01:36,767 --> 00:01:39,900 Winding drive that snakes up The hill. 26 00:01:39,967 --> 00:01:41,433 Narrator: At first sight, 27 00:01:41,500 --> 00:01:44,467 The building raises more Questions than answers. 28 00:01:44,533 --> 00:01:47,233 You can't really Tell if this is 29 00:01:47,300 --> 00:01:49,433 The front or the back of The building. 30 00:01:49,500 --> 00:01:53,267 Auerbach: how do you get in? It's a bit disorienting. 31 00:01:53,333 --> 00:01:55,767 This rambling structure Seems to 32 00:01:55,833 --> 00:01:58,633 Go on forever in Every direction. 33 00:01:58,700 --> 00:02:00,000 Narrator: while ominous-looking Creatures gaze down from above, 34 00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:01,000 Narrator: while ominous-looking Creatures gaze down from above, 35 00:02:03,200 --> 00:02:06,067 Inside, The different spaces paint 36 00:02:06,100 --> 00:02:09,467 An eerie and confused picture. 37 00:02:09,533 --> 00:02:13,367 We have to ask, Why are these abandoned? 38 00:02:13,433 --> 00:02:16,567 What terrible thing Happened here that 39 00:02:16,633 --> 00:02:19,767 Makes people want To stay away? 40 00:02:21,833 --> 00:02:23,167 Narrator: And how is it linked 41 00:02:23,233 --> 00:02:25,600 To a modern-day Global pandemic? 42 00:02:28,933 --> 00:02:30,000 A three-story solarium Dominates its southern face. 43 00:02:30,000 --> 00:02:31,000 A three-story solarium Dominates its southern face. 44 00:02:33,100 --> 00:02:34,800 Could this be the key To unlocking 45 00:02:34,867 --> 00:02:37,467 The mystery of this Building's original purpose? 46 00:02:40,400 --> 00:02:42,933 There would have been A bed 47 00:02:43,067 --> 00:02:46,833 Pulled out in front of Every single open doorway 48 00:02:46,900 --> 00:02:48,700 All the way down and around This thing, 49 00:02:48,767 --> 00:02:49,833 Across the whole back. 50 00:02:51,400 --> 00:02:54,200 Narrator: dale clark grew up Just five miles away 51 00:02:54,267 --> 00:02:58,067 And has been showing people Around for the last 18 years. 52 00:02:58,133 --> 00:03:00,000 Then there were usually Smaller children's beds shoved 53 00:03:00,000 --> 00:03:01,000 Then there were usually Smaller children's beds shoved 54 00:03:03,200 --> 00:03:05,167 Up against the brick wall On the outside. 55 00:03:07,167 --> 00:03:10,067 And there was just a little path Between the foot of 56 00:03:10,100 --> 00:03:13,233 The beds over here and the side Of the beds over there. 57 00:03:14,533 --> 00:03:18,367 They spent a good chunk of Their time out here. 58 00:03:18,433 --> 00:03:21,467 It must have been a very Strange sight coming up 59 00:03:21,533 --> 00:03:25,667 That driveway and seeing All the people out like that. 60 00:03:25,733 --> 00:03:27,233 But what were they doing Out there? 61 00:03:27,300 --> 00:03:30,000 It's not like there's a view Of the ocean or the river 62 00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:30,833 It's not like there's a view Of the ocean or the river 63 00:03:30,900 --> 00:03:31,000 Or anything like that. 64 00:03:32,333 --> 00:03:34,967 Barratt: it's not there As a show of wealth. 65 00:03:35,067 --> 00:03:39,067 It's there for a purpose, And what that is, to my eyes, 66 00:03:39,133 --> 00:03:40,667 I'm not quite sure. 67 00:03:42,433 --> 00:03:44,867 Narrator: This is waverly hills, 68 00:03:44,933 --> 00:03:49,300 An 180,000 square foot Facility built to house 69 00:03:49,367 --> 00:03:52,067 Over 500 people. 70 00:03:52,100 --> 00:03:54,767 But the devil here Is in the details. 71 00:03:54,833 --> 00:03:58,400 So if from the outside it Looks like maybe it could be 72 00:03:58,467 --> 00:04:00,000 A fancy hotel or retreat, 73 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:01,000 A fancy hotel or retreat, 74 00:04:01,167 --> 00:04:04,600 The inside has a very Different feel to it. 75 00:04:04,667 --> 00:04:07,500 Nusbacher: when you go down These lengthy corridors, 76 00:04:07,567 --> 00:04:11,700 You realize that this is not A luxury hotel fallen 77 00:04:11,767 --> 00:04:13,567 On hard times. 78 00:04:13,633 --> 00:04:15,467 Barratt: There's not much left behind, 79 00:04:15,533 --> 00:04:19,567 But there are odd bits of Medical equipment. 80 00:04:21,600 --> 00:04:25,200 This is not just a place 81 00:04:25,267 --> 00:04:28,067 Of life here in the hills 82 00:04:28,067 --> 00:04:29,567 Of kentucky. 83 00:04:29,633 --> 00:04:30,000 What we're looking at Is a place of death. 84 00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:31,000 What we're looking at Is a place of death. 85 00:04:33,333 --> 00:04:34,400 Clark: This is the morgue. 86 00:04:34,467 --> 00:04:37,767 We have no idea why this room Is so small. 87 00:04:37,833 --> 00:04:41,167 At the worst cases, A body an hour, 88 00:04:41,233 --> 00:04:43,967 This little room is gonna Fill up very quickly. 89 00:04:44,067 --> 00:04:45,533 That's why there's A maintenance department 90 00:04:45,600 --> 00:04:47,200 Down the far end of The building 91 00:04:47,267 --> 00:04:49,867 That's four times the size Of this. 92 00:04:49,933 --> 00:04:53,100 It became the auxiliary Morgue during the worst of it. 93 00:04:53,167 --> 00:04:56,533 Auerbach: when you need to have An auxiliary morgue, 94 00:04:56,600 --> 00:04:57,900 You're talking A lot of bodies. 95 00:04:57,967 --> 00:05:00,000 Narrator: Waverly wasn't alone. 96 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:01,000 Narrator: Waverly wasn't alone. 97 00:05:01,133 --> 00:05:03,700 The body count was piling up All over 98 00:05:03,767 --> 00:05:07,067 The states as well as The rest of the world. 99 00:05:07,133 --> 00:05:09,967 It hit the u.S. So badly that they had 100 00:05:10,067 --> 00:05:13,800 To form a national committee To deal with the problem. 101 00:05:13,867 --> 00:05:17,300 Nusbacher: a global pandemic Of this disease 102 00:05:17,367 --> 00:05:21,833 Struck terror into the hearts Of everyone. 103 00:05:21,900 --> 00:05:26,267 Narrator: the rampaging disease Was tuberculosis. 104 00:05:26,333 --> 00:05:29,467 Built in 1924, 105 00:05:29,533 --> 00:05:30,000 This was more than Just a hospital. 106 00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:31,000 This was more than Just a hospital. 107 00:05:31,800 --> 00:05:34,100 It was a home For those afflicted. 108 00:05:38,567 --> 00:05:41,333 You've also got Dentists and barbers 109 00:05:41,400 --> 00:05:43,167 And even a gift shop. 110 00:05:43,233 --> 00:05:44,700 Nusbacher: patients are not Just here for 111 00:05:44,767 --> 00:05:47,667 An operation and then Go home. 112 00:05:47,733 --> 00:05:51,167 The patients, or the inmates In this place, 113 00:05:52,733 --> 00:05:56,467 Are here long enough to grow Their hair long and get it cut. 114 00:05:57,567 --> 00:06:00,000 They need to function in This place 115 00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:01,000 They need to function in This place 116 00:06:01,067 --> 00:06:03,600 For the rest of their lives. 117 00:06:03,667 --> 00:06:05,867 Children that were Born in waverly had to 118 00:06:05,933 --> 00:06:08,200 Be taken away from Their mothers immediately 119 00:06:08,267 --> 00:06:09,167 After birth. 120 00:06:09,233 --> 00:06:12,500 The risk of contamination Was that severe. 121 00:06:12,567 --> 00:06:14,267 And it gives you some sense Of how long people 122 00:06:14,333 --> 00:06:17,467 Were confined here if they were Having children born here. 123 00:06:17,533 --> 00:06:19,633 Narrator: The story of a patient called 124 00:06:19,700 --> 00:06:23,133 Lois brings this Heartbreaking reality to life. 125 00:06:23,200 --> 00:06:26,200 Clark: she was a mother of Two when she got here, 126 00:06:26,267 --> 00:06:29,067 And if a patient was Doing better, 127 00:06:29,067 --> 00:06:30,000 They would allow them to go Home on furlough 128 00:06:30,000 --> 00:06:31,000 They would allow them to go Home on furlough 129 00:06:32,200 --> 00:06:33,833 And then have to come back. 130 00:06:33,900 --> 00:06:37,533 She came back, And it didn't go well. 131 00:06:37,600 --> 00:06:39,767 She had conceived a child While she was gone. 132 00:06:39,833 --> 00:06:41,467 To our knowledge, The only time lois 133 00:06:41,533 --> 00:06:43,667 Ever got to see her son That was born here 134 00:06:43,733 --> 00:06:46,367 Was standing in one of These solarium windows, 135 00:06:46,433 --> 00:06:49,367 Looking at the road that ran Across the back of the building 136 00:06:49,433 --> 00:06:50,700 As somebody held him up. 137 00:06:53,333 --> 00:06:55,467 Patients need to be isolated. 138 00:06:55,533 --> 00:06:58,567 They need to be kept away From cities and towns 139 00:06:58,633 --> 00:07:00,000 Where they could cause Thousands of infections 140 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:01,000 Where they could cause Thousands of infections 141 00:07:02,200 --> 00:07:04,633 And thousands of deaths. 142 00:07:04,700 --> 00:07:07,333 It can survive in the air, 143 00:07:07,400 --> 00:07:09,567 And it can attack Any organ in your body, 144 00:07:09,633 --> 00:07:12,700 But it usually goes For the lungs. 145 00:07:12,767 --> 00:07:15,400 Barratt: the victorian name For it was consumption, 146 00:07:15,467 --> 00:07:17,533 Because it consumes your body 147 00:07:17,600 --> 00:07:22,133 From the inside -- at one Point across america 148 00:07:22,200 --> 00:07:26,233 And europe, one in seven Deaths were down 149 00:07:26,300 --> 00:07:30,000 To tb -- one in seven people Died of tuberculosis. 150 00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:31,000 To tb -- one in seven people Died of tuberculosis. 151 00:07:31,567 --> 00:07:33,300 Auerbach: Jefferson county, kentucky, 152 00:07:33,367 --> 00:07:36,500 Was one of the worst-hit Places in the country. 153 00:07:36,567 --> 00:07:41,067 Narrator: fortunately, waverly Hills rose to the occasion. 154 00:07:41,133 --> 00:07:43,667 Waverly is as good as it gets. 155 00:07:43,733 --> 00:07:45,833 Here is a place Where you're going 156 00:07:45,900 --> 00:07:48,067 To be looked after By the best. 157 00:07:49,233 --> 00:07:51,100 Auerbach: if you were gonna Try out a new procedure, 158 00:07:51,167 --> 00:07:53,467 Waverly was where you were Gonna try it out. 159 00:07:53,533 --> 00:07:57,067 And they were really at The cutting edge of 160 00:07:57,133 --> 00:07:59,267 Tb treatment. 161 00:07:59,333 --> 00:08:00,000 Narrator: But in the early 1900s, 162 00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:01,000 Narrator: But in the early 1900s, 163 00:08:01,433 --> 00:08:03,900 The best tuberculosis Treatment was still 164 00:08:03,967 --> 00:08:07,333 Experimental to say the least. 165 00:08:07,400 --> 00:08:10,300 Procedures we talk about Most of all in here are 166 00:08:10,367 --> 00:08:11,633 Auto pneumothorax, 167 00:08:11,700 --> 00:08:13,533 Which is basically where they Would let air into your chest 168 00:08:13,600 --> 00:08:15,733 Cavity and manually collapse One of your lungs. 169 00:08:15,800 --> 00:08:18,200 It's very, very painful. 170 00:08:18,267 --> 00:08:21,333 They thought, mistakenly, That while the lung was 171 00:08:21,400 --> 00:08:24,633 Collapsed, it would rest And heal itself. 172 00:08:24,700 --> 00:08:27,967 Nusbacher: medical science Had not yet learned how to 173 00:08:28,067 --> 00:08:30,000 Deal with this disease And the best way 174 00:08:30,000 --> 00:08:31,000 Deal with this disease And the best way 175 00:08:32,167 --> 00:08:38,100 To heal was for the patient To heal himself or herself. 176 00:08:39,567 --> 00:08:41,967 Narrator: aside from These last-ditch operations, 177 00:08:42,067 --> 00:08:43,433 There were only three treatments 178 00:08:43,500 --> 00:08:45,533 Thought to be effective Against tb -- 179 00:08:45,600 --> 00:08:49,767 Fresh air, sunshine, And nutrition. 180 00:08:49,833 --> 00:08:54,233 This building has areas Purpose built for that, 181 00:08:54,300 --> 00:08:57,867 Along these massive Balconies called solariums. 182 00:08:58,933 --> 00:09:00,000 These are the best treatments They had, 183 00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:00,967 These are the best treatments They had, 184 00:09:01,067 --> 00:09:04,833 But as we know from the number Of people that were dying here, 185 00:09:04,900 --> 00:09:08,533 It wasn't really That effective in the end. 186 00:09:08,600 --> 00:09:11,400 There are hospitals today Which have a whole separate 187 00:09:11,467 --> 00:09:15,433 Set of corridors for moving Dead people out of rooms. 188 00:09:15,500 --> 00:09:18,367 Narrator: the solution here Was more direct -- 189 00:09:18,433 --> 00:09:20,500 A body shoot. 190 00:09:20,567 --> 00:09:22,600 It was not originally built To be a body shoot. 191 00:09:22,667 --> 00:09:24,367 It was built to bring up Building supplies 192 00:09:24,433 --> 00:09:26,100 And materials. 193 00:09:26,167 --> 00:09:28,100 All the mechanism, machines, 194 00:09:28,167 --> 00:09:30,000 The track and everything that Was built to bring bricks up, 195 00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:31,000 The track and everything that Was built to bring bricks up, 196 00:09:31,567 --> 00:09:34,533 They just reversed it And took bodies down. 197 00:09:35,967 --> 00:09:37,633 Bottom, there was A little building 198 00:09:37,700 --> 00:09:39,367 It was basically storage So they could 199 00:09:39,433 --> 00:09:42,067 Either be loaded Into hearses, ambulances, 200 00:09:42,133 --> 00:09:44,733 Train cars, depending on Where they needed to go. 201 00:09:44,800 --> 00:09:47,467 Barratt: this was just A grim form of architecture 202 00:09:47,533 --> 00:09:49,300 But totally necessary. 203 00:09:50,867 --> 00:09:54,967 Narrator: and scrawlings On the walls serve as a reminder 204 00:09:55,067 --> 00:09:57,767 Of the risks taken by The staff who worked here. 205 00:09:57,833 --> 00:10:00,000 Clark: the employees were The original graffiti artists. 206 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:00,867 Clark: the employees were The original graffiti artists. 207 00:10:00,933 --> 00:10:01,000 There's a lot of names signed In pencil, 208 00:10:04,233 --> 00:10:06,367 Quite a few of them Are dated, 209 00:10:06,433 --> 00:10:08,600 And some of them are very old, 210 00:10:08,667 --> 00:10:11,567 Just to let themselves know That they're still alive. 211 00:10:11,633 --> 00:10:12,867 That, you know, 212 00:10:12,933 --> 00:10:15,600 They came and did a horrible Job, took a chance on getting 213 00:10:15,667 --> 00:10:19,100 Deathly ill, and a lot Of 'em, you know, survived. 214 00:10:21,033 --> 00:10:24,467 Narrator: a new discovery was About to change everything. 215 00:10:24,533 --> 00:10:27,767 Waverly would have To reinvent itself. 216 00:10:31,400 --> 00:10:39,067 * 217 00:10:39,133 --> 00:10:42,733 Narrator: in 1943, A scientific breakthrough 218 00:10:42,800 --> 00:10:44,167 Spelled the beginning Of the end 219 00:10:44,233 --> 00:10:47,067 For the waverly Hills sanatorium. 220 00:10:47,133 --> 00:10:51,333 The antibiotic streptomycin Was discovered, and it was 221 00:10:51,400 --> 00:10:54,433 The cure the world Had been waiting for. 222 00:10:54,500 --> 00:10:59,467 Nusbacher: without streptomycin Or similar antibiotics, 223 00:10:59,533 --> 00:10:59,595 Tuberculosis would Still be a plague, 224 00:10:59,595 --> 00:11:00,000 Tuberculosis would Still be a plague, 225 00:11:03,133 --> 00:11:06,700 Even in the developed world Where it's rarely seen. 226 00:11:06,767 --> 00:11:10,600 Barratt: it's no longer needed In the 21st century, 227 00:11:10,667 --> 00:11:14,200 But it's such a monumental Building, it has to 228 00:11:14,267 --> 00:11:18,400 Reinvent itself in order to Find a purpose today. 229 00:11:18,467 --> 00:11:21,433 Narrator: Closed as a tb sanatorium 230 00:11:21,500 --> 00:11:23,867 In 1961, it is now 231 00:11:23,933 --> 00:11:25,967 Frequented by people Looking for something 232 00:11:26,067 --> 00:11:28,400 Entirely different. 233 00:11:28,467 --> 00:11:29,595 If an unmerciful god 234 00:11:29,595 --> 00:11:30,000 If an unmerciful god 235 00:11:32,067 --> 00:11:34,533 Allowed the souls Of the departed to 236 00:11:34,600 --> 00:11:36,267 Roam the world, 237 00:11:36,333 --> 00:11:39,733 Then this is just the kind of Place people imagine 238 00:11:39,800 --> 00:11:42,700 Unquiet spirits would be. 239 00:11:42,767 --> 00:11:46,400 Narrator: a room on waverly's Fifth floor is 240 00:11:46,467 --> 00:11:51,367 The most anticipated stop On dale's paranormal tour. 241 00:11:51,433 --> 00:11:53,400 A nurse who had gotten pregnant By a doctor 242 00:11:53,467 --> 00:11:56,267 Who was married to someone Else mysteriously was found 243 00:11:56,333 --> 00:11:59,595 Hanging out here in the hallway Across from the elevator car, 244 00:11:59,595 --> 00:12:00,000 Hanging out here in the hallway Across from the elevator car, 245 00:12:00,400 --> 00:12:02,433 Just that, right up there Is where she was found. 246 00:12:02,500 --> 00:12:05,300 Was she just overcome? 247 00:12:05,367 --> 00:12:07,067 Or a lot of people 248 00:12:07,100 --> 00:12:09,200 Think that maybe something More sinister happened. 249 00:12:09,267 --> 00:12:11,233 No one will ever 100% for sure 250 00:12:11,300 --> 00:12:12,900 Know exactly what Happened to her. 251 00:12:23,167 --> 00:12:24,567 Narrator: For most of the world, 252 00:12:24,633 --> 00:12:27,667 Tb is seen As a disease of the past, 253 00:12:27,733 --> 00:12:29,595 But recent studies have cast Serious doubt on 254 00:12:29,595 --> 00:12:30,000 But recent studies have cast Serious doubt on 255 00:12:30,700 --> 00:12:31,767 That assumption. 256 00:12:31,833 --> 00:12:34,433 Clark: the original strain, They can pretty much 257 00:12:34,500 --> 00:12:37,667 Take care of -- the problem is There's a new strain 258 00:12:37,733 --> 00:12:41,700 Coming out that is very Antibiotic resistant, 259 00:12:41,767 --> 00:12:44,900 And the old treatments Just aren't working. 260 00:12:46,333 --> 00:12:49,867 Nusbacher: tuberculosis is Nature continuing, 261 00:12:49,933 --> 00:12:52,433 To this day, To claw 262 00:12:52,500 --> 00:12:56,433 At human life and to force us To fight back. 263 00:12:59,800 --> 00:13:00,000 Narrator: Scientists across the globe 264 00:13:01,500 --> 00:13:04,833 Are racing to find treatments For this new strain of tb 265 00:13:04,900 --> 00:13:08,633 And entirely new viruses And diseases that emerge 266 00:13:08,700 --> 00:13:11,600 And threaten us With a global pandemic. 267 00:13:11,667 --> 00:13:14,900 It's almost like an arms race 268 00:13:14,967 --> 00:13:17,533 With these terrible diseases, 269 00:13:17,600 --> 00:13:19,467 And we hope that We're winning, 270 00:13:19,533 --> 00:13:22,500 But it's a close battle. 271 00:13:22,567 --> 00:13:25,833 Narrator: these battles, despite Their devastating effects, 272 00:13:25,900 --> 00:13:29,595 Bring humanity together In new and inspiring ways. 273 00:13:29,595 --> 00:13:30,000 Bring humanity together In new and inspiring ways. 274 00:13:33,700 --> 00:13:37,367 This togetherness has been Critical to our fight against 275 00:13:37,433 --> 00:13:41,200 Pandemics and will continue To be so in the future. 276 00:13:45,300 --> 00:13:47,967 In the blue waters of The mediterranean, 277 00:13:48,067 --> 00:13:50,967 On the italian island Of sardinia, 278 00:13:51,067 --> 00:13:54,400 An intriguing ruin Clings to the cliff face. 279 00:13:58,700 --> 00:13:59,595 Meigs: you see this structure That just boggles the mind. 280 00:13:59,595 --> 00:14:00,000 Meigs: you see this structure That just boggles the mind. 281 00:14:01,867 --> 00:14:04,633 It looks like some Ancient building, 282 00:14:04,700 --> 00:14:07,633 But it starts maybe 100 feet up 283 00:14:07,700 --> 00:14:10,433 This rocky cliff. 284 00:14:10,500 --> 00:14:12,067 Jerram: Has some of it fallen away? 285 00:14:12,067 --> 00:14:15,233 It's a really strange Juxtaposition from cliffs to 286 00:14:15,300 --> 00:14:17,833 Something that's almost, like, Plastered on the side. 287 00:14:19,067 --> 00:14:21,400 Barratt: now, it might look, On the face of it, that there's 288 00:14:21,467 --> 00:14:24,100 Been an engineering catastrophe Here and the cliff face has 289 00:14:24,167 --> 00:14:26,267 Fallen away, but no, 290 00:14:26,333 --> 00:14:29,067 This is purpose built And what you see 291 00:14:29,100 --> 00:14:29,595 Is what you're Supposed to see. 292 00:14:29,595 --> 00:14:30,000 Is what you're Supposed to see. 293 00:14:31,267 --> 00:14:33,933 Narrator: Inside, the true extent 294 00:14:34,067 --> 00:14:36,400 Of this complex is revealed. 295 00:14:36,467 --> 00:14:39,167 Jerram: the tunnel itself Is quite extensive. 296 00:14:39,233 --> 00:14:41,567 It goes several 100 meters Into the mountain. 297 00:14:41,633 --> 00:14:43,933 You have to have A big incentive 298 00:14:44,067 --> 00:14:47,500 To blast your way through Such hard rock. 299 00:14:47,567 --> 00:14:50,167 Meigs: ultimately, you see There's two levels of tunnels, 300 00:14:50,233 --> 00:14:53,100 And you can see that There is a series of 301 00:14:53,167 --> 00:14:56,367 Bins in between the two tunnels With some kind of gate 302 00:14:56,433 --> 00:14:58,833 At the bottom of each bin. 303 00:14:58,900 --> 00:14:59,595 Barratt: This is an amazing sight 304 00:14:59,595 --> 00:15:00,000 Barratt: This is an amazing sight 305 00:15:00,700 --> 00:15:04,067 Of great ingenuity, And it really is 306 00:15:04,067 --> 00:15:05,733 What gets people Into engineering. 307 00:15:05,800 --> 00:15:09,700 You give someone a problem, And with enough imagination, 308 00:15:09,767 --> 00:15:11,933 They come up with An amazing solution. 309 00:15:12,067 --> 00:15:17,600 * 310 00:15:17,667 --> 00:15:22,333 * 311 00:15:22,400 --> 00:15:25,467 Narrator: antonio littarru Is an expert on 312 00:15:25,533 --> 00:15:27,200 The history of this place. 313 00:15:44,967 --> 00:15:47,467 Narrator: and yet This particular structure 314 00:15:47,533 --> 00:15:49,367 Is far from ancient. 315 00:15:49,433 --> 00:15:51,733 Meigs: it's not as old As it looks, actually, 316 00:15:51,800 --> 00:15:55,400 And it's quite Beautifully engineered. 317 00:15:55,467 --> 00:15:57,733 This is not An ancient monastery 318 00:15:57,800 --> 00:15:59,595 Or some kind of Strange castle. 319 00:15:59,595 --> 00:16:00,000 Or some kind of Strange castle. 320 00:16:01,900 --> 00:16:04,733 This was Something industrial. 321 00:16:04,800 --> 00:16:07,133 Narrator: a closer look At the tunnel walls 322 00:16:07,200 --> 00:16:10,733 Reveal valuable rocks Buried in the hillside. 323 00:16:10,800 --> 00:16:13,500 Jerram: you've got rocks that Are very, very old and rocks 324 00:16:13,567 --> 00:16:15,100 That are very, very young, And all through 325 00:16:15,167 --> 00:16:16,600 Those different eras, You get times 326 00:16:16,667 --> 00:16:18,600 When you're Having magma, 327 00:16:18,667 --> 00:16:21,633 Which causes mineralization And causes things like silver 328 00:16:21,700 --> 00:16:23,367 And lead and zinc. 329 00:16:23,433 --> 00:16:24,867 Narrator: Along the coast, 330 00:16:24,933 --> 00:16:28,067 Visible from this cliff face, Are the remains of 331 00:16:28,100 --> 00:16:29,595 A sprawling complex that Suggests an operation on 332 00:16:29,595 --> 00:16:30,000 A sprawling complex that Suggests an operation on 333 00:16:31,900 --> 00:16:34,600 A truly industrial scale. 334 00:16:34,667 --> 00:16:38,733 Barratt: you can see rail Tracks, huge storage chambers, 335 00:16:38,800 --> 00:16:42,500 All sorts of things going on, On an epic scale. 336 00:16:44,167 --> 00:16:48,667 Jerram: you're almost dwarfed by These rusting bits of machinery, 337 00:16:48,733 --> 00:16:51,800 And it's clear that somehow, This tunnel, 338 00:16:51,867 --> 00:16:53,533 These two places Were linked. 339 00:16:58,067 --> 00:16:59,595 Narrator: What connects these two sites? 340 00:16:59,595 --> 00:17:00,000 Narrator: What connects these two sites? 341 00:17:00,433 --> 00:17:02,500 And how would An engineering genius 342 00:17:02,567 --> 00:17:04,767 Overcome An age-old problem? 343 00:17:08,567 --> 00:17:17,200 * 344 00:17:17,267 --> 00:17:20,067 Narrator: in sardinia, Tunnels seemingly engineered 345 00:17:20,133 --> 00:17:21,967 Directly into a cliff face 346 00:17:22,067 --> 00:17:24,967 Are somehow connected to An industrial wasteland 347 00:17:25,067 --> 00:17:27,467 Just along the coast. 348 00:17:27,533 --> 00:17:29,700 Meigs: one of the biggest Challenges of mining here 349 00:17:29,767 --> 00:17:33,300 Is getting the ore Off the island. 350 00:17:33,367 --> 00:17:36,358 For centuries, there was No real infrastructure. 351 00:17:36,358 --> 00:17:36,700 For centuries, there was No real infrastructure. 352 00:17:55,733 --> 00:17:58,867 Narrator: the lead and zinc ore Was hauled to the coast by ox 353 00:17:58,933 --> 00:18:00,300 And cart. 354 00:18:00,367 --> 00:18:02,067 These men and their beasts Of burden 355 00:18:02,067 --> 00:18:04,967 Toiled in the baking Sardinian sun, 356 00:18:05,067 --> 00:18:06,358 And from there, Things only got tougher. 357 00:18:06,358 --> 00:18:07,000 And from there, Things only got tougher. 358 00:18:10,333 --> 00:18:13,067 Jerram: when you have hard rock, Hard basement rock, 359 00:18:13,100 --> 00:18:16,133 You often end up with rugged, Rocky coastlines, 360 00:18:16,200 --> 00:18:19,733 Cliffs, inaccessible areas, So they don't 361 00:18:19,800 --> 00:18:22,767 Necessarily lend themselves To big ports. 362 00:18:22,833 --> 00:18:24,733 Narrator: small boats Transported the ore 363 00:18:24,800 --> 00:18:26,600 To the nearest Deepwater port 364 00:18:26,667 --> 00:18:28,967 On the island of san pietro, 365 00:18:29,067 --> 00:18:31,633 15 miles across The treacherous open sea. 366 00:18:31,700 --> 00:18:34,233 The area itself is Quite precarious 367 00:18:34,300 --> 00:18:36,358 In terms of weather -- You've got the mistral winds, 368 00:18:36,358 --> 00:18:37,000 In terms of weather -- You've got the mistral winds, 369 00:18:38,167 --> 00:18:41,400 These cold winds coming down From the northwest of france, 370 00:18:41,467 --> 00:18:43,133 And you've got The ponente winds 371 00:18:43,200 --> 00:18:45,333 That come in from the west. 372 00:18:45,400 --> 00:18:49,067 These boats can only Hold about six tons of ore. 373 00:18:49,100 --> 00:18:52,367 That's a remarkably Small amount. 374 00:18:52,433 --> 00:18:54,700 I mean, that's really -- That's just a few wheelbarrows 375 00:18:54,767 --> 00:18:57,133 Full of ore, And they would load them 376 00:18:57,200 --> 00:18:59,400 As heavily as they could. 377 00:18:59,467 --> 00:19:02,600 So now you've got this little Open boat trying to get 378 00:19:02,667 --> 00:19:06,200 To a harbor Some distance away, 379 00:19:06,267 --> 00:19:06,358 Where it can be loaded Into a bigger boat. 380 00:19:06,358 --> 00:19:07,000 Where it can be loaded Into a bigger boat. 381 00:19:09,067 --> 00:19:10,200 It's full of rocks. 382 00:19:10,267 --> 00:19:12,067 These boats sank all the time. 383 00:19:12,100 --> 00:19:15,600 It was incredibly dangerous, Slow, inefficient. 384 00:19:15,667 --> 00:19:18,167 Jerram: they're quite Precarious little boats, 385 00:19:18,233 --> 00:19:21,200 So you can imagine you're Loading a boat full of rocks, 386 00:19:21,267 --> 00:19:22,867 And then you're trying To get it off. 387 00:19:22,933 --> 00:19:24,833 If you've got bad weather, Those boats could easily 388 00:19:24,900 --> 00:19:26,233 Topple over, and many did, 389 00:19:26,300 --> 00:19:28,600 And many people fell To their deaths. 390 00:19:30,633 --> 00:19:32,767 Narrator: To solve this age-old problem, 391 00:19:32,833 --> 00:19:34,367 The mine owners turn to 392 00:19:34,433 --> 00:19:36,358 Venetian engineer, Cesare vecelli. 393 00:19:36,358 --> 00:19:37,000 Venetian engineer, Cesare vecelli. 394 00:19:37,733 --> 00:19:41,467 Meigs: and this guy Was a real genius, 395 00:19:41,533 --> 00:19:44,733 One of those Out-of-the-box thinkers. 396 00:19:44,800 --> 00:19:48,067 Vecelli spent a year Studying the problem 397 00:19:48,133 --> 00:19:51,700 And studying the geography Around the mine 398 00:19:51,767 --> 00:19:53,333 And the coastline. 399 00:19:53,400 --> 00:19:56,533 Jerram: they found this sort of Wonderful site where a sea 400 00:19:56,600 --> 00:19:58,500 Stack was actually protecting 401 00:19:58,567 --> 00:20:01,133 The waterway between The sea stack and the land, 402 00:20:01,200 --> 00:20:02,300 And it was deep water, 403 00:20:02,367 --> 00:20:05,133 So in principle, you could get Big ships in there, 404 00:20:05,200 --> 00:20:06,358 But then your issue was Creating a port. 405 00:20:06,358 --> 00:20:07,000 But then your issue was Creating a port. 406 00:20:09,700 --> 00:20:13,333 His answer was this -- Porto flavia. 407 00:20:13,400 --> 00:20:16,800 Instead of taking The ore to the ports, 408 00:20:16,867 --> 00:20:19,133 They would bring A port to the ore. 409 00:20:21,267 --> 00:20:24,033 He said, "Instead of Building something new, 410 00:20:24,100 --> 00:20:28,500 Why don't I use a structure That's already there?" 411 00:20:28,567 --> 00:20:31,133 Normally, any mariner Looks at this coastline, 412 00:20:31,200 --> 00:20:34,900 Looks at that cliff, This is their worst nightmare. 413 00:20:34,967 --> 00:20:36,358 And yet here they were, Planning to 414 00:20:36,358 --> 00:20:37,000 And yet here they were, Planning to 415 00:20:37,333 --> 00:20:41,433 Turn this forbidding cliff Into a port facility. 416 00:20:42,967 --> 00:20:45,400 Narrator: Construction began in 1923, 417 00:20:45,467 --> 00:20:49,133 And the teams worked day And night for two years. 418 00:20:49,200 --> 00:20:51,733 Now all they had to do 419 00:20:51,800 --> 00:20:55,633 Was blast out thousands of Tons of rock. 420 00:20:55,700 --> 00:20:57,300 Jerram: they finally broke Through the cliffs, 421 00:20:57,367 --> 00:21:01,067 And they could see the sea, But they didn't stop there. 422 00:21:01,100 --> 00:21:03,667 Meigs: and then here comes The really scary part. 423 00:21:03,733 --> 00:21:06,358 They started hanging out Over the water. 424 00:21:06,358 --> 00:21:07,000 They started hanging out Over the water. 425 00:21:07,100 --> 00:21:09,667 That way, As they dug the tunnel, 426 00:21:09,733 --> 00:21:12,733 They could just shovel all The rock out into the water. 427 00:21:12,800 --> 00:21:15,833 And again, they repeated The process of drilling 428 00:21:15,900 --> 00:21:17,133 And blasting until 429 00:21:17,200 --> 00:21:21,233 They'd carved out a parallel Tunnel below the other one. 430 00:21:22,700 --> 00:21:23,933 Narrator: The miners then dug 431 00:21:24,067 --> 00:21:28,067 Nine vast chambers connecting The two tunnels. 432 00:21:28,067 --> 00:21:31,400 Barratt: the silos are huge, 20 meters high, 433 00:21:31,467 --> 00:21:32,833 And between the nine of them, 434 00:21:32,900 --> 00:21:36,358 They could hold up to 10,000 tons of minerals. 435 00:21:36,358 --> 00:21:36,900 They could hold up to 10,000 tons of minerals. 436 00:21:55,400 --> 00:21:57,533 Narrator: with some Final machinery installed, 437 00:21:57,600 --> 00:22:00,633 The system was complete. 438 00:22:00,700 --> 00:22:03,167 Electric trains from the mine Would arrive 439 00:22:03,233 --> 00:22:04,933 At the upper tunnel, 440 00:22:05,067 --> 00:22:06,358 And the ore was poured Into the nine huge silos. 441 00:22:06,358 --> 00:22:07,000 And the ore was poured Into the nine huge silos. 442 00:22:10,200 --> 00:22:14,433 Meanwhile, large cargo ships Would moor in the calm waters 443 00:22:14,500 --> 00:22:16,200 Under porto flavia. 444 00:22:16,267 --> 00:22:19,433 In the lower tunnel, The ore poured out onto 445 00:22:19,500 --> 00:22:20,933 The conveyor belt. 446 00:22:21,067 --> 00:22:24,400 A nearly 50-foot-long Retractable arm extended out 447 00:22:24,467 --> 00:22:25,933 Over the sea, 448 00:22:26,067 --> 00:22:28,833 And the ore would drop into The ships waiting below. 449 00:22:30,800 --> 00:22:33,300 Meigs: At the end of that boom was 450 00:22:33,367 --> 00:22:35,500 Kind of a rubberized sleeve. 451 00:22:35,567 --> 00:22:36,358 So as all that gravel And rock was tumbling down, 452 00:22:36,358 --> 00:22:37,000 So as all that gravel And rock was tumbling down, 453 00:22:38,600 --> 00:22:40,067 It wasn't just gonna Spray everywhere. 454 00:22:40,133 --> 00:22:44,067 It was all gonna go directly Into the hold where it belonged. 455 00:22:44,100 --> 00:22:45,800 Barratt: in fact, they could Turn around one of these ships 456 00:22:45,867 --> 00:22:47,400 In two days, 457 00:22:47,467 --> 00:22:51,500 Loading up to 500 tons an hour Directly into the hold. 458 00:22:52,533 --> 00:22:54,833 Jerram: so a really amazing Engineering feat, 459 00:22:54,900 --> 00:22:57,433 And they used the cliff And the geology 460 00:22:57,500 --> 00:23:00,500 And the whole function Of gravity, really, to 461 00:23:00,567 --> 00:23:01,967 Aid them in that process. 462 00:23:03,233 --> 00:23:05,800 Narrator: porto flavia Was a huge success. 463 00:23:08,600 --> 00:23:10,900 But global forces lay in wait. 464 00:23:10,967 --> 00:23:13,533 How would it meet The challenge? 465 00:23:17,633 --> 00:23:25,667 * 466 00:23:25,733 --> 00:23:27,600 Narrator: Porto flavia, italy -- 467 00:23:27,667 --> 00:23:31,567 An ingenious mineral port built Into the cliff face. 468 00:23:31,633 --> 00:23:37,633 Completed in 1924, it slashed Production costs by up to 70%, 469 00:23:37,700 --> 00:23:41,400 But this increased efficiency Came at a price. 470 00:23:53,867 --> 00:23:55,933 Narrator: the success of Porto flavia was 471 00:23:56,067 --> 00:23:58,600 Also short-lived for Its owners. 472 00:23:58,667 --> 00:24:01,400 Sadly, the company didn't Have that many years 473 00:24:01,467 --> 00:24:05,133 To enjoy the efficiency of Their brilliant engineering. 474 00:24:05,200 --> 00:24:07,367 At the end of The 1920s, you had 475 00:24:07,433 --> 00:24:09,700 The stock market crash And then the great depression. 476 00:24:09,767 --> 00:24:11,300 Then you had world war ii. 477 00:24:11,367 --> 00:24:14,367 It reopened for a few years In the 1950s, 478 00:24:14,433 --> 00:24:15,927 But by the 1960s, there Were new efficiencies, 479 00:24:15,927 --> 00:24:16,000 But by the 1960s, there Were new efficiencies, 480 00:24:17,233 --> 00:24:18,367 New technologies. 481 00:24:38,633 --> 00:24:42,333 Narrator: porto flavia is now Preserved for visitors, 482 00:24:42,400 --> 00:24:45,927 Standing as a testament to The vision of one great engineer 483 00:24:45,927 --> 00:24:46,000 Standing as a testament to The vision of one great engineer 484 00:24:46,533 --> 00:24:48,367 And paying tribute To the lives 485 00:24:48,433 --> 00:24:51,067 Of generations of Sardinia's miners. 486 00:24:52,267 --> 00:24:56,100 Barratt: this port shows Engineering at its best. 487 00:24:56,167 --> 00:25:00,100 You throw someone a challenge Of how to get a huge amount of 488 00:25:00,100 --> 00:25:03,267 Material out where nature Is against you, 489 00:25:03,333 --> 00:25:05,433 And they came up With this incredible, 490 00:25:05,500 --> 00:25:07,100 Imaginative solution. 491 00:25:11,567 --> 00:25:13,800 Narrator: on the banks of The black sea in southern 492 00:25:13,867 --> 00:25:15,927 Ukraine is a port city Founded by catherine the great. 493 00:25:15,927 --> 00:25:16,000 Ukraine is a port city Founded by catherine the great. 494 00:25:17,300 --> 00:25:24,267 * 495 00:25:24,333 --> 00:25:26,433 The stylish architecture Above ground is 496 00:25:26,500 --> 00:25:29,467 Matched only by What lies beneath. 497 00:25:29,533 --> 00:25:31,833 Every so often you hear a story Of some young people who 498 00:25:31,900 --> 00:25:34,067 Go down, and someone gets lost And doesn't make it 499 00:25:34,100 --> 00:25:35,367 Back out again. 500 00:25:35,433 --> 00:25:38,067 Some researchers say that We have approximately 501 00:25:38,067 --> 00:25:39,500 800 accesses. 502 00:25:41,533 --> 00:25:43,433 Narrator: These access points range 503 00:25:43,500 --> 00:25:45,927 From the obscure To the bizarre. 504 00:25:45,927 --> 00:25:46,000 From the obscure To the bizarre. 505 00:25:46,767 --> 00:25:48,433 Meigs: when you look At this shed, 506 00:25:48,500 --> 00:25:50,933 It might just be some Kind of equipment shed. 507 00:25:51,067 --> 00:25:53,833 And then you go inside And realize, 508 00:25:53,900 --> 00:25:56,233 It gives you access to 509 00:25:56,300 --> 00:26:01,133 The most incredible underground Labyrinth anyone has ever seen. 510 00:26:01,200 --> 00:26:03,267 Zagnyboroda: it's absolutely Quiet place. 511 00:26:03,333 --> 00:26:05,833 The silence is 100%. 512 00:26:05,900 --> 00:26:08,400 As soon as you switch off Your torch, 513 00:26:08,467 --> 00:26:11,067 Then the darkness is absolute. 514 00:26:11,067 --> 00:26:13,400 Narrator: few people Walking the streets of 515 00:26:13,467 --> 00:26:15,927 Odessa appreciate what is Beneath their feet. 516 00:26:15,927 --> 00:26:16,000 Odessa appreciate what is Beneath their feet. 517 00:26:17,133 --> 00:26:19,500 Jerram: if you go down, It's clear that it's not just 518 00:26:19,567 --> 00:26:20,967 A normal set of tunnels. 519 00:26:21,067 --> 00:26:23,300 It's actually much more Grand than that. 520 00:26:25,133 --> 00:26:29,667 They just don't understand That they're literally walking 521 00:26:29,733 --> 00:26:32,733 Above the underground city. 522 00:26:32,800 --> 00:26:36,133 It's the biggest such system In the whole world. 523 00:26:36,200 --> 00:26:38,967 Narrator: a subterranean System perfect 524 00:26:39,067 --> 00:26:41,133 For a criminal underworld. 525 00:26:41,200 --> 00:26:44,867 Yet it also served as The city's last line of defense 526 00:26:44,933 --> 00:26:45,927 Against an occupying force, 527 00:26:45,927 --> 00:26:46,000 Against an occupying force, 528 00:26:46,733 --> 00:26:49,567 A resistance movement That descended into 529 00:26:49,633 --> 00:26:51,333 A horror story. 530 00:26:51,400 --> 00:26:55,700 So month-by-month passed -- They began to get insane. 531 00:26:57,100 --> 00:27:00,467 Nusbacher: increasingly Disoriented underground, 532 00:27:00,533 --> 00:27:04,233 These russian secret police 533 00:27:04,300 --> 00:27:06,600 Begin to hunt each other. 534 00:27:06,667 --> 00:27:13,300 * 535 00:27:13,367 --> 00:27:15,927 Narrator: the city of odessa Owes its very existence to 536 00:27:15,927 --> 00:27:16,000 Narrator: the city of odessa Owes its very existence to 537 00:27:16,400 --> 00:27:20,200 One of the world's most Iconic female leaders. 538 00:27:20,267 --> 00:27:23,300 Nusbacher: the russian empress Catherine the great 539 00:27:23,367 --> 00:27:27,267 Wanted to build A new port city 540 00:27:27,333 --> 00:27:29,167 In order to open up the south 541 00:27:29,233 --> 00:27:33,367 Of russia to commerce, A mighty port 542 00:27:33,433 --> 00:27:36,567 Where the three great rivers In eastern europe 543 00:27:36,633 --> 00:27:37,867 Came together -- 544 00:27:37,933 --> 00:27:41,400 The bug, the dniester, And the danube. 545 00:27:42,733 --> 00:27:45,667 They desperately Wanted access to a port 546 00:27:45,733 --> 00:27:45,927 On the black sea And via that, 547 00:27:45,927 --> 00:27:46,000 On the black sea And via that, 548 00:27:48,400 --> 00:27:52,567 The mediterranean And the rest of the world. 549 00:27:52,633 --> 00:27:54,500 Narrator: in 1794, 550 00:27:54,567 --> 00:27:57,067 Catherine approved Funding for odessa, 551 00:27:57,067 --> 00:27:59,900 Which soon became A russian trading hub. 552 00:28:00,067 --> 00:28:03,333 So odessa went from being 553 00:28:03,400 --> 00:28:08,400 Basically a village to A large city almost overnight. 554 00:28:08,467 --> 00:28:10,067 They had a problem, though. 555 00:28:10,067 --> 00:28:12,400 In this area, there aren't A lot of trees. 556 00:28:12,467 --> 00:28:15,927 It's grasslands and farms, So for building materials, 557 00:28:15,927 --> 00:28:16,000 It's grasslands and farms, So for building materials, 558 00:28:17,433 --> 00:28:20,600 They turn to the local stone. 559 00:28:20,667 --> 00:28:24,233 Jerram: and luckily, they were Sitting on a particular type of 560 00:28:24,300 --> 00:28:25,367 Limestone, which is Very, very good 561 00:28:25,433 --> 00:28:28,500 For making buildings out of, So they used 562 00:28:28,567 --> 00:28:31,233 The geology of the rocks Beneath their feet. 563 00:28:33,067 --> 00:28:36,867 Narrator: the soluble nature of Limestone meant natural 564 00:28:36,933 --> 00:28:38,667 Underground caves Had formed through 565 00:28:38,733 --> 00:28:41,567 Millions of years of erosion. 566 00:28:41,633 --> 00:28:45,167 Meigs: so when people started Carving out tunnels to get 567 00:28:45,233 --> 00:28:45,927 Their building materials, 568 00:28:45,927 --> 00:28:46,000 Their building materials, 569 00:28:46,500 --> 00:28:50,333 They vastly expanded This underground network. 570 00:28:50,400 --> 00:28:53,900 Narrator: this gave birth to A subterranean world that 571 00:28:53,967 --> 00:28:58,067 Pavel zagnyboroda now Explores for a living. 572 00:28:58,100 --> 00:29:01,933 Zagnyboroda: local authorities, They try to control it somehow, 573 00:29:02,067 --> 00:29:03,733 But it's almost Impossible really. 574 00:29:03,800 --> 00:29:05,800 No mobile Phone connection. 575 00:29:05,867 --> 00:29:07,967 No radio communication. 576 00:29:08,067 --> 00:29:11,633 No gps signal reaches That deep, so you can rely 577 00:29:11,700 --> 00:29:14,800 Only on yourself And your own knowledge. 578 00:29:14,867 --> 00:29:15,927 Narrator: yet even he may Never understand 579 00:29:15,927 --> 00:29:16,000 Narrator: yet even he may Never understand 580 00:29:17,800 --> 00:29:20,300 The full extent Of this system. 581 00:29:20,367 --> 00:29:23,067 No one's really sure, But one estimate 582 00:29:23,133 --> 00:29:26,900 Is that there's about 1,500 miles of tunnels. 583 00:29:26,967 --> 00:29:28,700 Jerram: now if you put that Into context, 584 00:29:28,767 --> 00:29:32,900 Paris has got about 150, 200 Miles of tunnels, rome maybe 585 00:29:32,967 --> 00:29:34,067 About 300 miles, 586 00:29:34,100 --> 00:29:38,233 So it's three times both Rome and paris combined. 587 00:29:38,300 --> 00:29:40,933 Meigs: The layout of these tunnels 588 00:29:41,067 --> 00:29:43,200 Is extraordinarily complex, 589 00:29:43,267 --> 00:29:44,833 And it's not just On one level. 590 00:29:44,900 --> 00:29:45,927 They go down On multiple levels. 591 00:29:45,927 --> 00:29:46,000 They go down On multiple levels. 592 00:29:47,833 --> 00:29:50,667 Jerram: so you've got a kind of Complexity in terms of 593 00:29:50,733 --> 00:29:52,700 The different types of rooms And corridors, 594 00:29:52,767 --> 00:29:54,100 But also it's multi-tiered. 595 00:29:54,167 --> 00:29:55,767 It's actually on different Levels, they've used 596 00:29:55,833 --> 00:29:57,800 Different parts of The geology in different ways. 597 00:29:57,867 --> 00:30:00,267 It really is a labyrinth Underneath the city. 598 00:30:01,933 --> 00:30:04,300 Meigs: you can imagine How someone could become 599 00:30:04,367 --> 00:30:06,267 Dangerously lost down here, 600 00:30:06,333 --> 00:30:09,367 But also how someone who really Understands the network 601 00:30:09,433 --> 00:30:10,867 And knows their way around 602 00:30:10,933 --> 00:30:12,667 Could use it to Their advantage. 603 00:30:12,733 --> 00:30:15,927 * 604 00:30:15,927 --> 00:30:16,000 * 605 00:30:18,700 --> 00:30:21,033 Narrator: a group of spies And saboteurs are 606 00:30:21,100 --> 00:30:23,067 About to make this layer Their home. 607 00:30:27,967 --> 00:30:35,467 * 608 00:30:35,533 --> 00:30:38,833 The buildings of odessa have A grand and colorful 609 00:30:38,900 --> 00:30:42,067 Architecture, created by The limestone dug out of 610 00:30:42,133 --> 00:30:45,767 A subterranean world utilized For centuries by smugglers, 611 00:30:45,833 --> 00:30:47,267 Gangsters, and thieves, 612 00:30:47,333 --> 00:30:49,833 But in the city's Darkest hour, 613 00:30:49,900 --> 00:30:53,467 This underbelly would offer A glimmer of hope. 614 00:30:53,533 --> 00:30:55,690 During world war ii, The romanians were allied with 615 00:30:55,690 --> 00:30:56,000 During world war ii, The romanians were allied with 616 00:30:56,233 --> 00:30:57,267 The germans, 617 00:30:57,333 --> 00:31:00,833 And they attacked odessa And took it over in 1941. 618 00:31:00,900 --> 00:31:02,800 The soviets pulled out, 619 00:31:02,867 --> 00:31:05,767 But they actually left behind Some secret -- 620 00:31:05,833 --> 00:31:08,200 What you might call, like, Special forces. 621 00:31:09,867 --> 00:31:13,067 A group of soviet Secret police, 622 00:31:13,067 --> 00:31:16,467 A group of the cheka From moscow, 623 00:31:16,533 --> 00:31:18,933 And another group From the odessa 624 00:31:19,067 --> 00:31:21,467 Office are sent down Into the catacombs. 625 00:31:22,533 --> 00:31:24,833 Narrator: at the head of These units were majors 626 00:31:24,900 --> 00:31:25,690 Kolodchin and kuznetsov, 627 00:31:25,690 --> 00:31:26,000 Kolodchin and kuznetsov, 628 00:31:27,333 --> 00:31:29,467 And pavel has Discovered evidence 629 00:31:29,533 --> 00:31:31,667 Of their time here. 630 00:31:31,733 --> 00:31:35,200 Zagnyboroda: kuznetsov and Kolodchin, This group was exactly here. 631 00:31:35,267 --> 00:31:38,867 We found some bullets, Some batteries for 632 00:31:38,933 --> 00:31:42,333 Radio station, Some guns, as well. 633 00:31:42,400 --> 00:31:46,533 They were well trained and Prepared to act as a partisan. 634 00:31:46,600 --> 00:31:53,133 So they had water, food, Guns, explosives, mines, 635 00:31:53,200 --> 00:31:55,690 Whatever they needed for A long time to stay here. 636 00:31:55,690 --> 00:31:56,000 Whatever they needed for A long time to stay here. 637 00:31:58,167 --> 00:32:02,533 But they weren't prepared for The psychological challenge, 638 00:32:02,600 --> 00:32:04,467 The isolation, the darkness. 639 00:32:04,533 --> 00:32:06,467 You know, We hear about people 640 00:32:06,533 --> 00:32:09,967 On polar expeditions Who really struggle. 641 00:32:10,067 --> 00:32:12,400 Imagine if you're down in A tunnel for six months without 642 00:32:12,467 --> 00:32:13,567 Seeing the sun, 643 00:32:13,633 --> 00:32:16,167 Maybe only able to light A candle once in a while. 644 00:32:16,233 --> 00:32:19,700 Some of the men turned Violent, perhaps suicidal. 645 00:32:21,667 --> 00:32:24,267 Narrator: They also had to contend with 646 00:32:24,333 --> 00:32:25,690 The occupiers tossing poisoned 647 00:32:25,690 --> 00:32:26,000 The occupiers tossing poisoned 648 00:32:26,100 --> 00:32:29,367 Gas into the catacombs And sealing random exits, 649 00:32:29,433 --> 00:32:32,367 Hoping to trap or smoke out The rebels. 650 00:32:32,433 --> 00:32:34,067 And there was another ever 651 00:32:34,133 --> 00:32:37,333 Present danger lurking Around every corner. 652 00:32:37,400 --> 00:32:41,067 Of course, partisans Are always vulnerable. 653 00:32:41,100 --> 00:32:44,233 You know, it just takes one Person spilling the secret. 654 00:32:44,300 --> 00:32:50,333 Along with kuznetsov is Yevgeniya simirunik, 655 00:32:50,400 --> 00:32:53,867 And she is a traitor. 656 00:32:53,933 --> 00:32:55,690 Narrator: simirunik, A member of 657 00:32:55,690 --> 00:32:56,000 Narrator: simirunik, A member of 658 00:32:57,500 --> 00:33:00,067 The surface team, Betrays her unit. 659 00:33:00,067 --> 00:33:04,567 She turns informer and tells The romanian security forces 660 00:33:04,633 --> 00:33:06,400 Everything she knows. 661 00:33:06,467 --> 00:33:08,467 Zagnyboroda: we don't know Why she did this. 662 00:33:08,533 --> 00:33:09,633 She betrayed all of them. 663 00:33:09,700 --> 00:33:11,167 First of all, They arrested all 664 00:33:11,233 --> 00:33:13,067 13 people in the city, Of course, 665 00:33:13,067 --> 00:33:16,433 And then they blocked all the Exits for this underground team. 666 00:33:18,067 --> 00:33:21,500 Narrator: but yevgeniya Simirunik is soon detected. 667 00:33:21,567 --> 00:33:24,333 Her fellow conspirators Were on to her. 668 00:33:24,400 --> 00:33:25,690 Nusbacher: so, she is put On trial in a brief, 669 00:33:25,690 --> 00:33:26,000 Nusbacher: so, she is put On trial in a brief, 670 00:33:27,967 --> 00:33:31,733 Informal people's trial and Put up against the walls of 671 00:33:31,800 --> 00:33:34,700 The catacombs, And she's shot dead. 672 00:33:37,733 --> 00:33:39,467 But now, 673 00:33:39,533 --> 00:33:45,100 The two groups of communist Partisans mistrust each other, 674 00:33:45,167 --> 00:33:48,833 Fatally. -they began to get insane, 675 00:33:48,900 --> 00:33:51,367 So they really got Absolutely mad. 676 00:33:51,433 --> 00:33:55,167 After approximately 10 months, They began killing each other. 677 00:33:58,167 --> 00:34:02,300 Nusbacher: the two of them Hunt each other 678 00:34:02,367 --> 00:34:05,600 In a silent vendetta. 679 00:34:05,667 --> 00:34:08,267 And in the end, none of 680 00:34:08,333 --> 00:34:12,533 The soviet partisans emerges From the catacombs alive. 681 00:34:15,667 --> 00:34:19,400 Having dispatched of kolodchin And his moscow team, 682 00:34:19,467 --> 00:34:22,800 Kuznetsov had been killed by One of his own. 683 00:34:22,867 --> 00:34:25,690 And yet declassified Documents later revealed that 684 00:34:25,690 --> 00:34:25,833 And yet declassified Documents later revealed that 685 00:34:25,900 --> 00:34:26,000 One man did, in fact, Survive to tell the tale. 686 00:34:30,467 --> 00:34:32,267 So he came to The security services of 687 00:34:32,333 --> 00:34:35,533 [indistinct], And they came here, 688 00:34:35,600 --> 00:34:37,400 And so he showed Them everything. 689 00:34:38,733 --> 00:34:41,867 And they just shot him dead, In his back, right here. 690 00:34:42,900 --> 00:34:45,733 On the third day, after The liberation of the city, 691 00:34:45,800 --> 00:34:48,433 He was killed By his own people 692 00:34:48,500 --> 00:34:52,567 After three years of this Terrible hell underground. 693 00:34:55,300 --> 00:34:55,690 Narrator: a potentially Damaging story, 694 00:34:55,690 --> 00:34:56,000 Narrator: a potentially Damaging story, 695 00:34:57,367 --> 00:34:59,067 The last living eyewitness to 696 00:34:59,100 --> 00:35:01,533 This horrific tragedy Had been removed. 697 00:35:03,300 --> 00:35:05,567 The soviets would not allow The reputation of their 698 00:35:05,633 --> 00:35:08,733 Heroic resistance fighters To be tarnished in this way. 699 00:35:11,567 --> 00:35:14,367 Because for propaganda, They needed an absolutely 700 00:35:14,433 --> 00:35:15,533 Different story. 701 00:35:15,600 --> 00:35:19,433 It may seem that they -- All these people, 702 00:35:19,500 --> 00:35:22,667 All these partisans, They died for nothing, 703 00:35:22,733 --> 00:35:24,500 Like completely in vain, 704 00:35:24,567 --> 00:35:25,690 That's not true, because Romanians, they didn't 705 00:35:25,690 --> 00:35:26,000 That's not true, because Romanians, they didn't 706 00:35:28,633 --> 00:35:31,800 Know how many exactly There were partisans 707 00:35:31,867 --> 00:35:33,200 Hiding underground. 708 00:35:34,533 --> 00:35:37,767 Narrator: so tens of thousands Of troops were stationed here 709 00:35:37,833 --> 00:35:40,767 Throughout the war To hold the city from 710 00:35:40,833 --> 00:35:43,300 This unseen enemy below. 711 00:35:43,367 --> 00:35:45,833 I think that it was 712 00:35:45,900 --> 00:35:49,200 This huge contribution of These partisans into 713 00:35:49,267 --> 00:35:50,567 The victory. 714 00:35:50,633 --> 00:35:55,690 * 715 00:35:55,690 --> 00:35:56,000 * 716 00:35:59,600 --> 00:36:02,700 Narrator: pavel now runs part Of the catacombs as a museum, 717 00:36:02,767 --> 00:36:05,900 Bringing centuries Of history to life, 718 00:36:05,967 --> 00:36:10,600 From the city's birth to Piracy and smuggling, right up 719 00:36:10,667 --> 00:36:13,533 To the nuclear bunkers of The cold war. 720 00:36:16,667 --> 00:36:20,467 On the edge of a bay in The southwest of japan 721 00:36:20,533 --> 00:36:23,133 Is a complex that's been Towering over the land 722 00:36:23,200 --> 00:36:24,367 For decades. 723 00:36:30,067 --> 00:36:32,267 Somara: this is set in Beautiful landscape. 724 00:36:32,333 --> 00:36:34,233 There's water And trees everywhere. 725 00:36:34,300 --> 00:36:38,067 And then, right in front of you, These three huge towers 726 00:36:38,067 --> 00:36:41,067 Are just there, They're massive. 727 00:36:41,100 --> 00:36:43,600 Wawro: we're looking At a really tall, 728 00:36:43,667 --> 00:36:46,967 400- or 500-foot-high towers, 729 00:36:47,067 --> 00:36:50,733 Very slender, tapering upward, Like, almost like -- like 730 00:36:50,800 --> 00:36:52,100 Concrete needles. 731 00:36:52,167 --> 00:36:53,867 They look almost Like smokestacks. 732 00:36:53,933 --> 00:36:55,690 If you can take a peek Inside the tower, 733 00:36:55,690 --> 00:36:56,000 If you can take a peek Inside the tower, 734 00:36:57,333 --> 00:36:59,100 You see a long, 735 00:36:59,167 --> 00:37:03,333 Precarious-looking metal Ladder going up to the top. 736 00:37:03,400 --> 00:37:04,567 Whoever had The job of climbing 737 00:37:04,633 --> 00:37:07,933 That ladder certainly Didn't suffer from vertigo. 738 00:37:08,067 --> 00:37:09,733 Somara: the fact that There's three of them, 739 00:37:09,800 --> 00:37:12,800 It makes you question why wasn't One good enough. 740 00:37:12,867 --> 00:37:15,200 Why did there need To be three? 741 00:37:15,267 --> 00:37:17,067 Narrator: Only when viewed from above 742 00:37:17,100 --> 00:37:20,067 Does the answer Begin to present itself. 743 00:37:20,067 --> 00:37:22,833 Wawro: they form a perfect Equilateral triangle, 744 00:37:22,900 --> 00:37:25,690 And then at the center of This triangle is some sort of 745 00:37:25,690 --> 00:37:26,000 And then at the center of This triangle is some sort of 746 00:37:26,500 --> 00:37:27,567 A building. 747 00:37:27,633 --> 00:37:30,700 Somara: it's so overgrown. It's been forgotten. 748 00:37:30,767 --> 00:37:33,133 That building has been Completely wrapped up 749 00:37:33,200 --> 00:37:35,367 By the plants and trees That surround it. 750 00:37:37,333 --> 00:37:39,500 Meigs: inside the building, There's not much there. 751 00:37:39,567 --> 00:37:41,900 Clearly, this was an important Installation of some sort, 752 00:37:41,967 --> 00:37:44,967 But when it shut down, Whatever was there got 753 00:37:45,067 --> 00:37:46,833 Taken away. 754 00:37:46,900 --> 00:37:48,633 Narrator: The complex is linked to 755 00:37:48,700 --> 00:37:51,300 One of the gravest military Disasters in 756 00:37:51,367 --> 00:37:52,433 U.S. History. 757 00:37:54,067 --> 00:37:55,690 But the bare rooms And the hollowed out 758 00:37:55,690 --> 00:37:56,000 But the bare rooms And the hollowed out 759 00:37:56,133 --> 00:37:59,433 Tower seem to only offer Up an incomplete picture. 760 00:38:02,400 --> 00:38:03,967 Meigs: whatever these towers Were built for, 761 00:38:04,067 --> 00:38:06,433 You don't see a lot Of infrastructure. 762 00:38:06,500 --> 00:38:08,767 There's no lights or cables Or other things. 763 00:38:08,833 --> 00:38:12,067 Is there some other piece of The puzzle that's missing here? 764 00:38:17,167 --> 00:38:22,433 Narrator: Dating back to 1918, 765 00:38:22,500 --> 00:38:24,867 The towers have stood guard Over the site 766 00:38:24,933 --> 00:38:25,690 For more than a century, 767 00:38:25,690 --> 00:38:26,000 For more than a century, 768 00:38:26,300 --> 00:38:30,800 Thanks largely to their once Cutting-edge design. 769 00:38:30,867 --> 00:38:33,167 Hideaki matsuo is A historian 770 00:38:33,233 --> 00:38:36,067 With a detailed knowledge of Their construction. 771 00:38:37,933 --> 00:38:39,067 [ speaking japanese ] 772 00:38:39,067 --> 00:38:41,467 Translator: if you head to The back, you can see 773 00:38:41,533 --> 00:38:42,900 The lines in the wall. 774 00:38:42,967 --> 00:38:44,800 Each layer is 4.5 feet tall. 775 00:38:44,867 --> 00:38:45,967 [ speaking japanese ] 776 00:38:46,067 --> 00:38:49,067 After the first layer, You have to wait for another 777 00:38:49,067 --> 00:38:52,233 Two days before you can add Another one on top, 778 00:38:52,300 --> 00:38:54,833 And after completing 100 layers, 779 00:38:54,900 --> 00:38:55,690 This 446-foot tower Was finished. 780 00:38:55,690 --> 00:38:56,000 This 446-foot tower Was finished. 781 00:38:57,900 --> 00:38:59,300 [ speaking japanese ] 782 00:39:01,400 --> 00:39:04,067 Narrator: the decision to build This tower with reinforced 783 00:39:04,133 --> 00:39:07,600 Concrete despite the high costs And slow progress 784 00:39:07,667 --> 00:39:11,133 Shows the importance placed On getting the construction 785 00:39:11,200 --> 00:39:13,067 Exactly right. 786 00:39:13,100 --> 00:39:15,933 Wawro: it took four years to Build this at a cost in 787 00:39:16,067 --> 00:39:17,267 Today's dollars 788 00:39:17,333 --> 00:39:21,500 Of nearly $50 million, which Speaks to the sophistication of 789 00:39:21,567 --> 00:39:22,733 The technology employed. 790 00:39:25,367 --> 00:39:25,690 Narrator: appearing like An industrial chimney 791 00:39:25,690 --> 00:39:26,000 Narrator: appearing like An industrial chimney 792 00:39:27,100 --> 00:39:28,500 From the outside, 793 00:39:28,567 --> 00:39:32,500 The central winch system and Other remnants show this was 794 00:39:32,567 --> 00:39:35,433 Really all about reaching New heights. 795 00:39:36,933 --> 00:39:39,400 [ speaking japanese ] 796 00:39:39,467 --> 00:39:43,067 Translator: when you go to The back, there is a ladder. 797 00:39:43,100 --> 00:39:45,133 It's the original one, 798 00:39:45,200 --> 00:39:47,500 And there are 550 steps To the top. 799 00:39:47,567 --> 00:39:52,200 To reach the top takes 55 minutes, 800 00:39:52,267 --> 00:39:54,400 And you have to keep climbing Without a break. 801 00:39:54,467 --> 00:39:55,690 [ speaking japanese ] 802 00:39:55,690 --> 00:39:56,000 [ speaking japanese ] 803 00:39:56,767 --> 00:39:59,167 There is nowhere to rest In between. 804 00:39:59,233 --> 00:40:02,267 It is quite a hard climb, And it's slow. 805 00:40:02,333 --> 00:40:03,300 [ speaking japanese ] 806 00:40:04,933 --> 00:40:07,333 Narrator: today, a light For warning aircraft 807 00:40:07,400 --> 00:40:09,467 Sits atop each tower. 808 00:40:09,533 --> 00:40:10,733 But years ago, 809 00:40:10,800 --> 00:40:14,300 It was the equipment that Defined this site that crowned 810 00:40:14,367 --> 00:40:16,733 These monoliths. 811 00:40:16,800 --> 00:40:18,633 What's missing from The structures today are 812 00:40:18,700 --> 00:40:20,533 The aerials, Which were in the form 813 00:40:20,600 --> 00:40:22,933 Of triangular frames, And they would have 814 00:40:23,000 --> 00:40:25,433 Sat on the top of the towers -- Between the towers 815 00:40:25,500 --> 00:40:25,690 Were connecting wires, And that linked all of them, 816 00:40:25,690 --> 00:40:26,000 Were connecting wires, And that linked all of them, 817 00:40:28,100 --> 00:40:29,833 So they became one. 818 00:40:29,900 --> 00:40:31,933 Narrator: together, The towers were used to 819 00:40:32,000 --> 00:40:35,433 Transmit radio signals over Great distances. 820 00:40:35,500 --> 00:40:38,167 Radio waves come in a range Of wavelengths from 821 00:40:38,233 --> 00:40:41,400 Very short ones To very long ones. 822 00:40:41,467 --> 00:40:44,867 And it's the long waves That most easily travel 823 00:40:44,933 --> 00:40:45,933 Long distances. 824 00:40:46,000 --> 00:40:48,633 But to create a long radio Wave, you need 825 00:40:48,700 --> 00:40:50,400 A very big antenna. 826 00:40:52,133 --> 00:40:55,167 Narrator: these towers are part Of the hario wireless 827 00:40:55,233 --> 00:40:55,690 Telegraph station, 828 00:40:55,690 --> 00:40:56,000 Telegraph station, 829 00:40:59,100 --> 00:41:00,933 And they were designed To remedy 830 00:41:01,067 --> 00:41:03,700 A costly problem identified Years earlier. 831 00:41:06,067 --> 00:41:08,900 One of the forgotten wars in World history by many is 832 00:41:08,967 --> 00:41:12,967 A brief war between japan And russia in 1904. 833 00:41:13,067 --> 00:41:15,067 But it was a time when japan Actually tried out 834 00:41:15,133 --> 00:41:17,133 A lot of Their technologies. 835 00:41:17,200 --> 00:41:19,067 And in that war, They really 836 00:41:19,067 --> 00:41:21,467 Learned the importance of Good communication. 837 00:41:23,700 --> 00:41:25,567 Narrator: Prior to radio communication, 838 00:41:25,633 --> 00:41:25,690 The standard way of Sending a message 839 00:41:25,690 --> 00:41:26,000 The standard way of Sending a message 840 00:41:27,833 --> 00:41:30,433 Between ships was using flags. 841 00:41:31,900 --> 00:41:33,467 Meigs: navies around the world Developed very 842 00:41:33,533 --> 00:41:34,900 Sophisticated systems, 843 00:41:34,967 --> 00:41:38,067 Using flags and other signals Where they could communicate 844 00:41:38,100 --> 00:41:41,400 From ship to ship and Coordinate their activities. 845 00:41:41,467 --> 00:41:45,300 But communicating from ship To shore was always a problem. 846 00:41:45,367 --> 00:41:46,967 Once you were over The horizon, 847 00:41:47,067 --> 00:41:49,267 You were on your own. 848 00:41:49,333 --> 00:41:52,967 Narrator: in the modern world of The 1920s and '30s, 849 00:41:53,067 --> 00:41:55,690 Flags simply wouldn't cut it Any longer. 850 00:41:55,690 --> 00:41:55,733 Flags simply wouldn't cut it Any longer. 851 00:41:55,800 --> 00:41:56,000 Japan would soon start Trying to expand. 852 00:41:58,867 --> 00:42:00,767 They had imperial ambitions, 853 00:42:00,833 --> 00:42:04,167 And so communication Was paramount to this. 854 00:42:04,233 --> 00:42:05,433 Narrator: built To aid the expansion 855 00:42:05,500 --> 00:42:07,467 Of japan's empire in asia, 856 00:42:07,533 --> 00:42:10,567 Little did anyone realize At the time that 857 00:42:10,633 --> 00:42:14,567 The tower's most devastating Use might come against 858 00:42:14,633 --> 00:42:15,733 The united states. 859 00:42:19,800 --> 00:42:23,233 Japan was about to engage In battle with the u.S., 860 00:42:23,300 --> 00:42:25,690 And supposedly, these towers Were integral to that attack. 861 00:42:25,690 --> 00:42:26,000 And supposedly, these towers Were integral to that attack. 862 00:42:30,067 --> 00:42:37,633 * 863 00:42:37,700 --> 00:42:40,600 Narrator: near the city of Sasebo in japan, 864 00:42:40,667 --> 00:42:43,567 Towering structures From the 1920s still 865 00:42:43,633 --> 00:42:44,933 Loom large. 866 00:42:45,067 --> 00:42:49,067 In time, the united states would Witness their deadly potential, 867 00:42:49,067 --> 00:42:51,067 But their original task Was to 868 00:42:51,133 --> 00:42:53,667 Help the japanese with Their imperial ambitions 869 00:42:53,733 --> 00:42:55,200 In asia. 870 00:42:55,267 --> 00:42:58,345 They want to measure themselves Against great britain, 871 00:42:58,345 --> 00:42:59,000 They want to measure themselves Against great britain, 872 00:42:59,300 --> 00:43:00,500 Against the united states, 873 00:43:00,567 --> 00:43:03,367 Against the french empire, Against the russians. 874 00:43:03,433 --> 00:43:04,567 And so, for this, They're going 875 00:43:04,633 --> 00:43:08,200 To need a really modern Communications array 876 00:43:08,267 --> 00:43:10,967 So that tokyo central Can communicate 877 00:43:11,067 --> 00:43:13,433 With the japanese navy Wherever it is. 878 00:43:13,500 --> 00:43:16,633 There were actually three Complexes like this -- 879 00:43:16,700 --> 00:43:18,067 One in taiwan, 880 00:43:18,067 --> 00:43:22,367 One near tokyo, and this one Close to nagasaki. 881 00:43:22,433 --> 00:43:24,700 The three could communicate With each other, so you could 882 00:43:24,767 --> 00:43:28,067 Relay a message from one To the next and beyond, 883 00:43:28,100 --> 00:43:28,345 But they could also broadcast Messages far out 884 00:43:28,345 --> 00:43:29,000 But they could also broadcast Messages far out 885 00:43:31,300 --> 00:43:32,567 Over the ocean. 886 00:43:32,633 --> 00:43:34,300 You have better Communications, 887 00:43:34,367 --> 00:43:35,567 Better information, 888 00:43:35,633 --> 00:43:39,567 You have a huge edge In any military conflict. 889 00:43:40,800 --> 00:43:42,167 Narrator: Central to the success of 890 00:43:42,233 --> 00:43:44,833 The site was the building At its heart. 891 00:43:44,900 --> 00:43:47,333 It was crucial to japan's Military victories 892 00:43:47,400 --> 00:43:51,433 In the 1930s, and as the second World war crept closer, 893 00:43:51,500 --> 00:43:55,567 It would be put to use again, Possibly playing a part 894 00:43:55,633 --> 00:43:58,345 In one of the gravest events In u.S. History. 895 00:43:58,345 --> 00:43:59,000 In one of the gravest events In u.S. History. 896 00:43:59,333 --> 00:44:00,700 [ speaking japanese ] 897 00:44:00,733 --> 00:44:04,400 Translator: this is the rooftop Of the telecommunications room. 898 00:44:04,467 --> 00:44:07,433 It is also the center of The three radio towers. 899 00:44:07,500 --> 00:44:10,133 These radio towers are Positioned in an equilateral 900 00:44:10,200 --> 00:44:13,400 Triangle almost 1,000 feet Apart from each other, 901 00:44:13,467 --> 00:44:16,867 And this is located right in The middle of those towers, 902 00:44:16,933 --> 00:44:18,200 Which was important. 903 00:44:18,267 --> 00:44:20,067 [ speaking japanese ] 904 00:44:20,133 --> 00:44:23,933 Cables coming from those three Radio towers were connected to 905 00:44:24,067 --> 00:44:25,467 The telecommunications room. 906 00:44:25,533 --> 00:44:28,300 But the telecommunications Room itself was 907 00:44:28,367 --> 00:44:29,000 Hidden underground. 908 00:44:36,200 --> 00:44:38,067 Narrator: Overgrown on the outside 909 00:44:38,100 --> 00:44:40,433 And stripped bare On the inside, 910 00:44:40,500 --> 00:44:42,067 During the second world war, 911 00:44:42,067 --> 00:44:45,733 This facility was highly Secure and self-sufficient. 912 00:44:47,200 --> 00:44:49,400 The building housed The power to run the whole 913 00:44:49,467 --> 00:44:52,500 Operation in the form of Generators and batteries. 914 00:44:52,567 --> 00:44:55,267 But it was also where Communication was sent 915 00:44:55,333 --> 00:44:57,200 And received. 916 00:44:57,267 --> 00:44:58,345 Narrator: messages would be Picked up by the towers, 917 00:44:58,345 --> 00:44:59,000 Narrator: messages would be Picked up by the towers, 918 00:44:59,400 --> 00:45:01,600 Relayed to this building, 919 00:45:01,667 --> 00:45:05,067 Decoded, and then Retransmitted on their way to 920 00:45:05,067 --> 00:45:06,600 Their destination. 921 00:45:06,667 --> 00:45:09,233 That role gave This dark space 922 00:45:09,300 --> 00:45:12,400 The potential to cause Untold damage. 923 00:45:12,467 --> 00:45:14,733 [ speaking japanese ] 924 00:45:14,800 --> 00:45:16,700 Translator: this room was Where they transmitted 925 00:45:16,767 --> 00:45:17,833 The secret codes 926 00:45:17,900 --> 00:45:19,633 That were created in sasebo. 927 00:45:19,700 --> 00:45:22,067 [ speaking japanese ] 928 00:45:22,133 --> 00:45:24,333 From the size of the room, And because we know there used 929 00:45:24,400 --> 00:45:26,600 To be five or six desks in here, We presume 930 00:45:26,667 --> 00:45:28,345 That there was a small number of Transmission workers in here. 931 00:45:28,345 --> 00:45:29,000 That there was a small number of Transmission workers in here. 932 00:45:30,300 --> 00:45:33,100 However, as they were Dealing with highly 933 00:45:33,167 --> 00:45:34,400 Confidential documents, 934 00:45:34,467 --> 00:45:36,967 I don't imagine many people Were allowed in. 935 00:45:37,067 --> 00:45:39,633 [ speaking japanese ] 936 00:45:40,700 --> 00:45:43,533 Narrator: In 1941, a top secret 937 00:45:43,600 --> 00:45:45,267 Coded order that would have 938 00:45:45,333 --> 00:45:49,133 World-changing consequences Is likely to have filtered 939 00:45:49,200 --> 00:45:50,567 Through these rooms. 940 00:45:51,567 --> 00:45:53,333 There's good reason to Believe that one of most 941 00:45:53,400 --> 00:45:56,967 Pivotal radio transmissions In history was made via 942 00:45:57,067 --> 00:45:58,167 This transmitter. 943 00:45:58,233 --> 00:45:58,345 The words "Climb mount niitaka 12 08." 944 00:45:58,345 --> 00:45:59,000 The words "Climb mount niitaka 12 08." 945 00:46:03,167 --> 00:46:07,300 Those words were code To send the instruction to 946 00:46:07,367 --> 00:46:09,833 Proceed with the attack on Pearl harbor. 947 00:46:13,867 --> 00:46:16,100 Narrator: Once the order had left tokyo, 948 00:46:16,167 --> 00:46:18,700 It's thought that hario Would have been the site that 949 00:46:18,767 --> 00:46:20,733 Actually transmitted This message 950 00:46:20,800 --> 00:46:24,100 Beyond mainland japan On its way to the naval fleet. 951 00:46:26,533 --> 00:46:28,345 The results were devastating And immediately 952 00:46:28,345 --> 00:46:29,000 The results were devastating And immediately 953 00:46:29,467 --> 00:46:33,067 Drew the united states Into the war. 954 00:46:35,067 --> 00:46:37,200 But questions About the site and its role 955 00:46:37,267 --> 00:46:39,567 In all this remain To this day. 956 00:46:41,700 --> 00:46:44,667 Translator: there's almost no Documentation remaining 957 00:46:44,733 --> 00:46:46,633 About the hario radio site. 958 00:46:46,700 --> 00:46:50,467 Architectural drawings, Records of 959 00:46:50,533 --> 00:46:52,633 Transmission history, And so on, 960 00:46:52,700 --> 00:46:54,700 They don't exist at all. 961 00:46:54,767 --> 00:46:58,345 The reason being that straight After the war ended, 962 00:46:58,345 --> 00:46:59,000 The reason being that straight After the war ended, 963 00:46:59,133 --> 00:47:01,333 Any related documents Were burned. 964 00:47:04,867 --> 00:47:06,133 Narrator: While the japanese may have 965 00:47:06,200 --> 00:47:07,500 Destroyed the paperwork, 966 00:47:07,567 --> 00:47:09,967 That was the smoking gun, They left behind 967 00:47:10,067 --> 00:47:13,900 A lot of concrete proof In a different form. 968 00:47:13,967 --> 00:47:15,367 Wawro: We can't say for sure that 969 00:47:15,433 --> 00:47:17,833 The order to attack pearl Harbor came from hario, 970 00:47:17,900 --> 00:47:19,633 Because after the war, 971 00:47:19,700 --> 00:47:21,967 The japanese destroyed All the records that were 972 00:47:22,067 --> 00:47:23,467 Stored there, But given 973 00:47:23,533 --> 00:47:26,167 The configuration of The various transmission sites 974 00:47:26,233 --> 00:47:28,345 In japan, It probably came from here. 975 00:47:28,345 --> 00:47:28,567 In japan, It probably came from here. 976 00:47:28,633 --> 00:47:29,000 * 977 00:47:34,133 --> 00:47:35,833 Narrator: The towers' prominence today 978 00:47:35,900 --> 00:47:38,100 Helps educate people to not 979 00:47:38,167 --> 00:47:40,767 Repeat the mistakes of The past, 980 00:47:40,833 --> 00:47:45,433 And they'll continue to do so For a long time to come. 981 00:47:45,500 --> 00:47:48,633 These towers were designed To last for about 90 years, 982 00:47:48,700 --> 00:47:51,267 But the way they were Engineered and constructed 983 00:47:51,333 --> 00:47:54,067 Means that they'll last for A lot longer than that. 78218

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