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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,914 --> 00:00:03,264 [music playing] 2 00:00:03,394 --> 00:00:04,787 There is no doubt that there were 3 00:00:04,917 --> 00:00:10,488 people who were petrified about what Calvi might say. 4 00:00:10,619 --> 00:00:12,664 He was under incredible stress. 5 00:00:12,795 --> 00:00:20,020 With Gelli and the Masonic Lodge P2 gone, Calvi feels naked. 6 00:00:20,150 --> 00:00:24,415 He hasn't got the protection that he once had. 7 00:00:24,546 --> 00:00:28,028 Calvi had tried to commit suicide in prison, 8 00:00:28,158 --> 00:00:30,769 it was a scared cat nowhere to go. 9 00:00:30,900 --> 00:00:33,511 It is an indication that Calvi is 10 00:00:33,642 --> 00:00:38,473 prepared to resort to desperate measures. 11 00:00:38,603 --> 00:00:42,259 Calvi was convicted, his passport was taken away, 12 00:00:42,390 --> 00:00:44,827 and he was forbidden to leave the country. 13 00:00:44,957 --> 00:00:47,830 And this was not known to very many people. 14 00:00:47,960 --> 00:00:51,355 The bank itself was rotting from the inside, 15 00:00:51,486 --> 00:00:54,010 it was technically insolvent. 16 00:00:54,141 --> 00:00:56,491 Now unable to travel internationally, 17 00:00:56,621 --> 00:01:00,799 how would Calvi raise the money he needs to save his bank? 18 00:01:00,930 --> 00:01:06,109 It's a growing level of chaos and isolation around him 19 00:01:06,240 --> 00:01:08,198 until in the end, he's found hanging 20 00:01:08,329 --> 00:01:09,504 under a bridge in London. 21 00:01:09,634 --> 00:01:12,898 [music playing] 22 00:01:51,545 --> 00:01:55,289 Because more evidence had emerged as to the possibility 23 00:01:55,419 --> 00:01:59,728 that he was killed, including a lot of the fruits of the Kroll 24 00:01:59,858 --> 00:02:02,557 investigation. 25 00:02:02,687 --> 00:02:04,515 There may be more witnesses offering 26 00:02:04,646 --> 00:02:08,824 different scenarios under which he might have been killed. 27 00:02:08,954 --> 00:02:12,306 I think the gathering pressure that the official explanation 28 00:02:12,436 --> 00:02:15,309 for what had happened was inadequate. 29 00:02:15,439 --> 00:02:19,661 And as a result, in 1998, Calvi's body 30 00:02:19,791 --> 00:02:25,928 is exhumed from the family tomb in Drezzo to be re-examined, 31 00:02:26,058 --> 00:02:30,411 maybe provided the evidence where Calvi had been murdered. 32 00:02:30,541 --> 00:02:32,935 And that leads towards the murder trial 33 00:02:33,065 --> 00:02:35,503 held in Rome in 2005. 34 00:02:35,633 --> 00:02:37,244 It's time to open up a murder probe in Italy. 35 00:02:55,610 --> 00:02:57,829 The trial was set in a court that's 36 00:02:57,960 --> 00:03:03,095 attached to Rebibbia prison, a fortified high security 37 00:03:03,226 --> 00:03:06,751 courtroom scene of the big criminal trials 38 00:03:06,882 --> 00:03:09,493 in Rome even today. 39 00:03:09,624 --> 00:03:13,845 The prosecutor, Luca Tescaroli, prepared the case. 40 00:03:13,976 --> 00:03:16,544 It was a difficult uphill battle. 41 00:03:16,674 --> 00:03:20,983 Decades had passed, so a lot of witnesses had died. 42 00:03:33,517 --> 00:03:35,737 The murder trial itself made available 43 00:03:35,867 --> 00:03:43,005 a huge quantity of documentary evidence by the prosecutors, 44 00:04:04,940 --> 00:04:10,598 Back in 1981, Calvi was released from prison 45 00:04:10,728 --> 00:04:16,386 temporarily on bail pending appeal of the conviction. 46 00:04:16,517 --> 00:04:20,172 If you want evidence of the ironclad control 47 00:04:20,303 --> 00:04:23,437 that Calvi had over Ambrosiano it 48 00:04:23,567 --> 00:04:24,655 is that days after his conviction, 49 00:04:24,786 --> 00:04:27,354 he chaired a meeting of the board, 50 00:04:27,484 --> 00:04:30,182 and the first thing that they did 51 00:04:30,313 --> 00:04:33,098 was not vote them out of office. 52 00:04:33,229 --> 00:04:36,406 They have a conviction of the head of the bank creating 53 00:04:36,537 --> 00:04:40,192 all types of liability issues for them, it's unbelievable. 54 00:04:40,323 --> 00:04:42,412 They didn't even realize the extent to which he 55 00:04:42,543 --> 00:04:45,067 had put the bank into a hole. 56 00:04:45,197 --> 00:04:46,677 The investigators later found out 57 00:04:46,808 --> 00:04:49,593 that Ambrosiano subsidiaries had borrowed and shuffled 58 00:04:49,724 --> 00:04:51,987 around a billion dollars in loans, 59 00:04:52,117 --> 00:04:55,904 and the Vatican bank owed about $120 million of that. 60 00:04:56,034 --> 00:04:58,907 Calvi took the money for share buybacks for Ambrosiano 61 00:04:59,037 --> 00:05:01,562 and inflated the price wildly. 62 00:05:01,692 --> 00:05:06,218 Everything was a wall of mirrors, nothing was real. 63 00:05:06,349 --> 00:05:09,352 That was a serious problem. 64 00:05:09,483 --> 00:05:13,225 By the end of 1981, six months before his death, 65 00:05:13,356 --> 00:05:15,445 Calvi is unable to raise the money 66 00:05:15,576 --> 00:05:17,969 he needs to stop his convoluted ghost company 67 00:05:18,100 --> 00:05:20,494 network from unraveling. 68 00:05:20,624 --> 00:05:23,279 With no one else to turn to, Calvi 69 00:05:23,410 --> 00:05:26,413 is at the mercy of Marcinkus with his insatiable appetite 70 00:05:26,543 --> 00:05:28,066 for funds for the Vatican bank. 71 00:05:31,026 --> 00:05:34,769 The suggestion is that one of the channels through which 72 00:05:34,899 --> 00:05:37,815 the lifeblood of the bank Ambrosiano hemorrhaged 73 00:05:37,946 --> 00:05:41,689 was this financial support for the solidarity trade Union. 74 00:05:41,819 --> 00:05:45,127 And it's possible that Calvi provided this money 75 00:05:45,257 --> 00:05:47,782 on the assumption that it was a loan and it would be repaid. 76 00:05:47,912 --> 00:05:49,697 And particularly, that point would 77 00:05:49,827 --> 00:05:54,092 be when he was desperately short of money and facing bankruptcy, 78 00:05:54,223 --> 00:05:56,617 clutching at anything that can keep him afloat. 79 00:06:00,577 --> 00:06:04,799 Calvi had sought the assistance of Marcinkus, 80 00:06:04,929 --> 00:06:07,105 but he didn't have the money to pay back 81 00:06:07,236 --> 00:06:11,545 and I think he didn't recognize the obligation to do it. 82 00:06:11,675 --> 00:06:15,244 It came to the point that Marcinkus just faced him down. 83 00:06:15,375 --> 00:06:18,813 It's clearly a risky gamble that they've been involved in. 84 00:06:21,990 --> 00:06:26,037 Marcinkus had agreed to give Calvi these letters saying 85 00:06:26,168 --> 00:06:30,781 that the Vatican bank assumed a direct responsibility for some 86 00:06:30,912 --> 00:06:34,132 of these very heavily indebted offshore companies. 87 00:06:34,263 --> 00:06:36,221 What Marcinkus also did, however, 88 00:06:36,352 --> 00:06:41,923 was he issued counter letters nullifying the comfort letters. 89 00:06:42,053 --> 00:06:45,274 In which he said basically, we don't have any responsibility 90 00:06:45,405 --> 00:06:48,146 for these debts whatsoever. 91 00:06:48,277 --> 00:06:50,627 It was a kind of very high stakes poker game 92 00:06:50,758 --> 00:06:53,630 and he called his bluff. 93 00:06:53,761 --> 00:06:55,937 Marcinkus will vouch for Ambrosiano debts 94 00:06:56,067 --> 00:06:58,853 only if Calvi promises that the Vatican will never 95 00:06:58,983 --> 00:07:01,508 have to pay them. 96 00:07:01,638 --> 00:07:05,686 And Calvi was desperate enough to agree. 97 00:07:05,816 --> 00:07:07,905 By doing this is out and out fraud. 98 00:07:16,523 --> 00:07:18,133 There's a moment of absolute panic 99 00:07:18,263 --> 00:07:20,788 that comes in to somebody who's created a complex network that 100 00:07:20,918 --> 00:07:24,095 depends on servicing the loans which 101 00:07:24,226 --> 00:07:27,055 are inflating the assets and values of all 102 00:07:27,185 --> 00:07:28,186 of your companies. 103 00:07:28,317 --> 00:07:31,015 The minute you stop servicing one loan, 104 00:07:31,146 --> 00:07:36,064 it's like a domino effect, puts him into a frenzy in a panic. 105 00:07:36,194 --> 00:07:38,632 If he can't raise the money, he's in trouble. 106 00:07:38,762 --> 00:07:40,982 As Calvi goes on his search to bail out 107 00:07:41,112 --> 00:07:43,637 the bank from its mounting debts, 108 00:07:43,767 --> 00:07:47,815 his straight arrow deputy, Roberto Rosone 109 00:07:47,945 --> 00:07:50,774 continues to block his creative attempts at financing. 110 00:07:50,905 --> 00:07:56,824 Rosone started asking awkward questions. 111 00:07:56,954 --> 00:08:00,218 It's also important to remember the close financial ties 112 00:08:00,349 --> 00:08:06,007 between the Ambrosiano and the Sicilian Mafia. 113 00:08:06,137 --> 00:08:08,400 To go against those common interests is to risk your life. 114 00:08:11,055 --> 00:08:15,625 Rosone is shot and wounded in downtown Milan. 115 00:08:24,112 --> 00:08:27,115 The hitman is killed by a security guard. 116 00:08:27,245 --> 00:08:32,686 Soon after, he is identified as Danilo Abbruciati, the head 117 00:08:32,816 --> 00:08:36,080 of the infamous Magliana gang. 118 00:08:36,211 --> 00:08:40,476 Organized crime groups, such as the Banda della Magliana, 119 00:08:40,607 --> 00:08:43,174 can act as the tool of others. 120 00:08:43,304 --> 00:08:47,570 For example, providing hitman services. 121 00:08:47,701 --> 00:08:50,878 The Banda della Magliana has close ties 122 00:08:51,008 --> 00:08:53,968 to Pippo Calo and the Sicilian Mafia. 123 00:08:54,098 --> 00:08:55,926 They, of course, are hoping to get their money back. 124 00:08:58,929 --> 00:09:02,063 Calvi was trying to find some sort of a deal 125 00:09:02,193 --> 00:09:04,587 to rescue Banco Ambrosiano. 126 00:09:04,718 --> 00:09:08,417 There was talk of Arab oil money, Iranian money 127 00:09:08,548 --> 00:09:12,334 from people who had become rich under the Shah of Iran, 128 00:09:12,464 --> 00:09:16,164 a deal involving Opus Dei, a secretive right wing 129 00:09:16,294 --> 00:09:20,255 organization that's part of the Catholic Church. 130 00:09:20,385 --> 00:09:22,649 Opus Dei would fit the bill in terms 131 00:09:22,779 --> 00:09:24,651 of being a rich organization and would 132 00:09:24,781 --> 00:09:27,567 be inclined to help somebody if that 133 00:09:27,697 --> 00:09:29,699 helped the church and the Pope. 134 00:09:29,830 --> 00:09:32,789 Opus Dei has denied that they were in contact with him 135 00:09:32,920 --> 00:09:37,751 and there was any idea of them stepping in to bail him out. 136 00:09:37,881 --> 00:09:39,753 All of these deals were pie in the sky 137 00:09:39,883 --> 00:09:42,190 because they would have required an investor 138 00:09:42,320 --> 00:09:45,976 spending vastly more money than the bank was really worth. 139 00:09:57,205 --> 00:09:59,511 He had burned a lot of institutions, 140 00:09:59,642 --> 00:10:03,080 he had taken money, he had lost money for powerful people. 141 00:10:03,211 --> 00:10:05,822 More has come out in the murder trial, 142 00:10:05,953 --> 00:10:07,650 more came out about Mafia connections 143 00:10:07,781 --> 00:10:09,434 that wasn't known at the time. 144 00:10:09,565 --> 00:10:14,048 What led to the death was the fear he was talking. 145 00:10:14,178 --> 00:10:15,832 The people that are worried about what Calvi says 146 00:10:15,963 --> 00:10:17,921 are the La Cosa Nostra, the people 147 00:10:18,052 --> 00:10:20,228 on the mob, the people he's paid money to and they're worried. 148 00:10:37,027 --> 00:10:42,293 Some of the defendants who were the ones who accompanied Calvi 149 00:10:42,424 --> 00:10:46,907 on his last visit to London and arranged his accommodation-- 150 00:11:02,705 --> 00:11:05,621 There was very damning evidence from a witness, 151 00:11:05,752 --> 00:11:08,450 Antonino Giuffre, who's been a very high level 152 00:11:08,580 --> 00:11:10,844 member of Cosa Nostra. 153 00:11:10,974 --> 00:11:15,587 He gave a description of a classic Mafia murder 154 00:11:15,718 --> 00:11:18,721 where somebody gains the confidence 155 00:11:18,852 --> 00:11:23,378 of the potential victim and then he delivers the victim 156 00:11:23,508 --> 00:11:25,162 to his executioners. 157 00:11:25,293 --> 00:11:28,339 He said he knew that had been Carboni's role. 158 00:11:31,342 --> 00:11:37,740 Carboni was acting as a lobbyist fixer for Calvi. 159 00:11:37,871 --> 00:11:41,178 Flavio Carboni was a Sardinian property magnate 160 00:11:41,309 --> 00:11:45,748 who had ties with the mob and was with Calvi in London 161 00:11:45,879 --> 00:11:47,097 in the days leading up to his death. 162 00:11:56,106 --> 00:12:02,286 Carboni's most important role was helping Calvi leave Italy. 163 00:12:02,417 --> 00:12:05,986 Calvin was easily manipulated by people who were quote unquote, 164 00:12:06,116 --> 00:12:07,944 "helping him" before he died. 165 00:12:22,306 --> 00:12:26,441 Did Calvi fear what the arrest warrant was for? 166 00:12:26,571 --> 00:12:30,837 Was it for a crime far greater than a financial scandal? 167 00:12:30,967 --> 00:12:33,709 Perhaps Carboni was playing on that fear 168 00:12:33,840 --> 00:12:36,494 as the arrest warrant has since proven to be false. 169 00:12:40,324 --> 00:12:42,979 Court documents recently brought to light show 170 00:12:43,110 --> 00:12:45,025 that Calvi may actually have been 171 00:12:45,155 --> 00:12:48,811 close to coming under investigation on suspicion 172 00:12:48,942 --> 00:12:52,554 of involvement in the gravest act of terrorism perpetrated 173 00:12:52,684 --> 00:12:56,079 in Italy since the end of the Second World War. 174 00:12:56,210 --> 00:12:58,560 In Bologna, Italy, a powerful explosion 175 00:12:58,690 --> 00:13:02,042 ripped through that towns central railroad station, 176 00:13:02,172 --> 00:13:03,608 reducing it to rubble. 177 00:13:03,739 --> 00:13:06,568 What is already being called Western Europe's worst ever act 178 00:13:06,698 --> 00:13:08,048 of political terrorism. 179 00:13:11,007 --> 00:13:16,883 In order to explain the Bologna massacre, 180 00:13:17,013 --> 00:13:19,537 I prepared some documents. 181 00:13:22,976 --> 00:13:28,242 For the Bologna massacre, there were many, many trials 182 00:13:28,372 --> 00:13:30,853 in Italy. 183 00:13:30,984 --> 00:13:34,857 Now, there is a new trial. 184 00:13:34,988 --> 00:13:36,990 The basis is the Bologna document. 185 00:13:40,080 --> 00:13:43,953 Licio Gelli, the head of the lodge P2, 186 00:13:44,084 --> 00:13:48,653 escaped from Italy in 1981. 187 00:13:48,784 --> 00:13:55,225 On September 13, '82, he was in Geneva. 188 00:13:55,356 --> 00:13:59,621 That day, he's arrested because he's a fugitive. 189 00:13:59,751 --> 00:14:07,977 He carries a document with him which bears the heading Bologna 190 00:14:08,108 --> 00:14:12,068 and bank account number. 191 00:14:12,199 --> 00:14:16,986 But this document remained, for some years, 192 00:14:17,117 --> 00:14:21,338 in the drawers of the Swiss authorities. 193 00:14:21,469 --> 00:14:26,387 Much later on, the Bologna document resurfaced 194 00:14:26,517 --> 00:14:31,958 and it began to reveal its secrets. 195 00:14:35,048 --> 00:14:41,532 It comes out that this is bank account of Licio Gelli. 196 00:14:41,663 --> 00:14:45,101 The document linked with other documents 197 00:14:45,232 --> 00:14:52,239 revealed to streams of sums from Banco Ambrosiano. 198 00:14:52,369 --> 00:14:55,982 The movements went through the accounts 199 00:14:56,112 --> 00:15:01,639 of the close collaborators of Licio Gelli. 200 00:15:01,770 --> 00:15:05,121 It becomes clear that a lot of money 201 00:15:05,252 --> 00:15:09,996 was moved close to the date of the massacre. 202 00:15:13,434 --> 00:15:16,828 The prosecution theory is that this bombing was carried out 203 00:15:16,959 --> 00:15:21,877 because Licio Gelli was close to being ready to achieve 204 00:15:22,008 --> 00:15:26,447 a change of government, a given control of the country to Licio 205 00:15:26,577 --> 00:15:29,624 Gelli and his friends. 206 00:15:29,754 --> 00:15:32,192 What were the secrets that Calvi had 207 00:15:32,322 --> 00:15:36,413 and that he could reveal if push came to shove? 208 00:15:36,544 --> 00:15:39,808 Calvi may have been carrying sensitive financial documents 209 00:15:39,939 --> 00:15:43,464 relating to the Bologna bombing. 210 00:15:43,594 --> 00:15:47,424 That could have constituted a really damaging revelation that 211 00:15:47,555 --> 00:15:48,904 would be worth Calvi's life. 212 00:16:03,223 --> 00:16:05,573 During the trial, the prosecution 213 00:16:05,703 --> 00:16:08,228 puts into evidence a letter that Calvi wrote to Pope John Paul 214 00:16:08,358 --> 00:16:13,755 II dated June 5th, 13 days before he is found dead. 215 00:16:13,885 --> 00:16:16,149 He's even trying to hit up the Pope for some help. 216 00:16:28,596 --> 00:16:30,641 He wrote, "I've been a loyal soldier in helping you 217 00:16:30,772 --> 00:16:32,643 for all these years fight communism in the East, 218 00:16:32,774 --> 00:16:34,428 but I know lots of things, meet with me. 219 00:16:34,558 --> 00:16:36,734 I can tell you what's really going on behind the scenes." 220 00:16:39,824 --> 00:16:43,915 Days before he disappeared, Calvin told his daughter 221 00:16:44,046 --> 00:16:45,961 that she had to leave Italy and said 222 00:16:46,092 --> 00:16:49,530 that he was going to leave. 223 00:16:49,660 --> 00:16:52,794 And he added that if things started to get worse, 224 00:16:52,924 --> 00:16:54,665 he was going to start to tell everything he knew. 225 00:16:57,799 --> 00:17:04,762 So by the 10th of June, Roberto Calvi is a man in flight, 226 00:17:04,893 --> 00:17:06,025 he's a wanted fugitive. 227 00:17:23,346 --> 00:17:26,958 On the run, Calvi flies to Rome where 228 00:17:27,089 --> 00:17:30,527 he meets with Carboni and Ernesto Diotallevi 229 00:17:30,658 --> 00:17:34,749 a leader of the Magliana gang that attempted to kill Rosone. 230 00:17:34,879 --> 00:17:35,793 There, he is briefed. 231 00:18:07,042 --> 00:18:12,352 June 11, 1982, one week before Calvi is found dead. 232 00:18:18,445 --> 00:18:20,055 He has a car that takes him to his little fishing 233 00:18:20,186 --> 00:18:22,536 village of Muggia. 234 00:18:22,666 --> 00:18:27,932 Where Sylvano Vittor has his base of operations 235 00:18:28,063 --> 00:18:30,631 and he's an informant of the finance police, 236 00:18:30,761 --> 00:18:33,547 he's got a powerful motorboat in Trieste. 237 00:18:36,593 --> 00:18:42,121 And so he sends Calvi out to cross the Adriatic 238 00:18:42,251 --> 00:18:45,602 to Yugoslavia. 239 00:18:45,733 --> 00:18:49,650 Waiting on the road beyond the quay, two friends of Vittor 240 00:18:49,780 --> 00:18:51,130 and a dark Fiat. 241 00:18:51,260 --> 00:18:54,220 With guides provided by Vittor he 242 00:18:54,350 --> 00:18:59,225 travels through Yugoslavia and into Austria 243 00:18:59,355 --> 00:19:04,404 to Klagenfurt where the family of the Kleinszig sisters 244 00:19:04,534 --> 00:19:07,668 have their home. 245 00:19:07,798 --> 00:19:09,844 The sisters are romantically attached 246 00:19:09,974 --> 00:19:15,154 to both Flavio Carboni and Vittor 247 00:19:15,284 --> 00:19:17,417 and end up being taken along for the ride. 248 00:19:20,463 --> 00:19:23,379 At 6:00 AM, they reached Klagenfurt. 249 00:19:23,510 --> 00:19:27,383 It is now June 12, 1,400 kilometers 250 00:19:27,514 --> 00:19:30,386 from where Calvi will be found dead in six days. 251 00:19:40,875 --> 00:19:42,572 Casarolii, the Secretary of State, 252 00:19:42,703 --> 00:19:44,400 asked the questions of what's going on. 253 00:19:44,531 --> 00:19:47,360 A Marcinkus, he is a cool customer, 254 00:19:47,490 --> 00:19:50,145 he doesn't get ruffled, he plays dumb. 255 00:19:50,276 --> 00:19:52,626 Carseroni would have been ballistic 256 00:19:52,756 --> 00:19:55,716 if he had known the biggest debtor to Ambrosiano 257 00:19:55,846 --> 00:19:58,980 was the Vatican bank. 258 00:19:59,110 --> 00:20:01,330 With Calvi missing, Roberto Rosone 259 00:20:01,461 --> 00:20:04,638 becomes the Ambrosiano's acting chairman. 260 00:20:04,768 --> 00:20:06,944 Determined to get the bank's money back, 261 00:20:07,075 --> 00:20:10,687 he requests an urgent meeting with Marcinkus. 262 00:20:10,818 --> 00:20:12,689 Marcinkus gives him the cold shoulder by saying, 263 00:20:12,820 --> 00:20:14,778 sorry, he's not around, he's in Switzerland. 264 00:20:14,909 --> 00:20:17,694 A bad sign for Rosone because if Marcinkus' in Switzerland, 265 00:20:17,825 --> 00:20:21,655 he's probably emptying out some Swiss bank accounts. 266 00:20:21,785 --> 00:20:24,962 From the 11th to the 15th, Calvi moves around five or six 267 00:20:25,093 --> 00:20:26,790 different little towns. 268 00:20:26,921 --> 00:20:29,445 He's on the move all the time, but along that border area. 269 00:20:29,576 --> 00:20:32,622 On June 15, he and Vittor board a plane 270 00:20:32,753 --> 00:20:34,189 to London's Gatwick airport. 271 00:20:37,671 --> 00:20:42,632 We don't know for sure why Calvi went to London, 272 00:20:42,763 --> 00:20:46,897 but there's a very strong reason to suspect 273 00:20:47,028 --> 00:20:50,553 that he had been told that there were people who could help him, 274 00:20:50,684 --> 00:20:53,121 could prop up the bank. 275 00:20:53,252 --> 00:20:56,516 Vittor shows Calvi to his hotel. 276 00:20:56,646 --> 00:20:59,388 You're thinking might be at the Ritz, that's 277 00:20:59,519 --> 00:21:01,912 where a banker of his esteem would stay, 278 00:21:02,043 --> 00:21:04,480 but now he's a fugitive, so it's not so easy. 279 00:21:04,611 --> 00:21:07,048 So he has to go to this rundown guest house called the Chelsea 280 00:21:07,178 --> 00:21:08,702 Cloisters. 281 00:21:08,832 --> 00:21:10,269 It's a shared bathroom down the hallway for a number 282 00:21:10,399 --> 00:21:12,619 of rooms, its tattered, bed linens, 283 00:21:12,749 --> 00:21:15,143 and Calvi is not that happy about being there. 284 00:21:17,972 --> 00:21:20,409 Five days after Calvi has gone missing, 285 00:21:20,540 --> 00:21:23,369 Roberto Rosone flies to Rome to meet with officials 286 00:21:23,499 --> 00:21:25,501 from the Vatican bank. 287 00:21:25,632 --> 00:21:27,416 He emphasizes the patronage letters 288 00:21:27,547 --> 00:21:30,289 that Calvi and Marcinkus had signed. 289 00:21:30,419 --> 00:21:31,681 They produced a side letter that was 290 00:21:31,812 --> 00:21:34,771 signed between Calvi and Marcinkus that says, 291 00:21:34,902 --> 00:21:37,034 by the way, you know that patronage letter 292 00:21:37,165 --> 00:21:39,559 you signed in which the Vatican bank backs us up, 293 00:21:39,689 --> 00:21:41,865 don't worry about that, it's just for show. 294 00:21:41,996 --> 00:21:43,737 We'll tell everyone that that's real. 295 00:21:43,867 --> 00:21:46,522 You don't know a thing, you're not liable for anything. 296 00:21:46,653 --> 00:21:49,438 And Rosone is absolutely stunned. 297 00:21:49,569 --> 00:21:51,614 He says, this is outrageous, this is fraud. 298 00:21:51,745 --> 00:21:53,834 They said, yeah, so? 299 00:21:53,964 --> 00:21:56,663 Two are very cool, they don't seem very concerned about it. 300 00:21:56,793 --> 00:21:59,753 And as a result, Rosone knows they've 301 00:21:59,883 --> 00:22:02,321 got to meet with Marcinkus, which they do the next day. 302 00:22:02,451 --> 00:22:04,932 Everything is playing out at rapid speed. 303 00:22:08,283 --> 00:22:11,721 By June 16, Calvi's demeanor has changed. 304 00:22:11,852 --> 00:22:14,594 His confidence is suddenly shaken. 305 00:22:14,724 --> 00:22:17,292 They're waiting for him to deliver on some promise. 306 00:22:17,423 --> 00:22:19,076 So whatever he was supposed to do in London, 307 00:22:19,207 --> 00:22:20,730 whatever door he was supposed to open up, 308 00:22:20,861 --> 00:22:24,865 he's unable to do that, no matter how he tries. 309 00:22:24,995 --> 00:22:27,346 Did a meeting planned for the night before not 310 00:22:27,476 --> 00:22:30,218 turn around his fortunes as he had hoped? 311 00:22:30,349 --> 00:22:32,525 He's feeling very insecure. 312 00:22:32,655 --> 00:22:36,529 Calvi called his wife Clara from the Chelsea Cloisters 313 00:22:36,659 --> 00:22:40,968 and he told her, I no longer trust the people I'm with. 314 00:22:41,098 --> 00:22:42,839 I don't think they went to London to kill him, 315 00:22:42,970 --> 00:22:46,887 but I think that in London, Calvi failed to deliver. 316 00:22:47,017 --> 00:22:50,020 That's when the people with him decided to kill him. 317 00:22:50,151 --> 00:22:52,371 And not just kill him, they decided 318 00:22:52,501 --> 00:22:53,763 to make an example of him. 319 00:23:14,175 --> 00:23:16,873 Di Carlo tells the investigators that when he had finally 320 00:23:17,004 --> 00:23:21,269 gotten in touch, he was told it had been taken care of. 321 00:23:21,400 --> 00:23:22,836 But he wasn't told by whom. 322 00:23:26,666 --> 00:23:30,496 In 1983, Charles Raw, a journalist 323 00:23:30,626 --> 00:23:33,412 for the Times of London, writes an investigative article 324 00:23:33,542 --> 00:23:35,022 on the Calvi murder. 325 00:23:35,152 --> 00:23:37,981 As a result of this major story, a man 326 00:23:38,112 --> 00:23:42,856 called Frank Jennings contacted Raw with a story about a man 327 00:23:42,986 --> 00:23:44,335 that he knew. 328 00:23:44,466 --> 00:23:46,076 Hello, Raw here. 329 00:23:46,207 --> 00:23:48,862 There's a man who confided in me about Calvi's murder. 330 00:23:48,992 --> 00:23:49,776 What's his name? 331 00:23:49,906 --> 00:23:51,734 His name was Sergio Vaccari. 332 00:23:51,865 --> 00:23:52,213 Was? 333 00:23:55,434 --> 00:23:58,654 Sergio Vaccari was an Italian operating 334 00:23:58,785 --> 00:24:04,355 in the world of antiquities and art in London 335 00:24:04,486 --> 00:24:08,664 but also involved in the cocaine trade. 336 00:24:08,795 --> 00:24:12,494 On top of that, a man with ties to the far right in Italy. 337 00:24:15,628 --> 00:24:18,239 If you were looking for a mercenary 338 00:24:18,369 --> 00:24:22,373 to organize an operation like the assassination of Roberto 339 00:24:22,504 --> 00:24:26,987 Calvi, he would be someone probably on your list. 340 00:24:27,117 --> 00:24:30,164 Frank Jennings claimed that Vaccari 341 00:24:30,294 --> 00:24:36,170 had been involved in threatening Calvi with the videos showing 342 00:24:36,300 --> 00:24:37,824 a young woman being tortured. 343 00:24:37,954 --> 00:24:40,391 And the implication was that this 344 00:24:40,522 --> 00:24:43,482 was what might happen to Calvi's daughter 345 00:24:43,612 --> 00:24:47,268 if he didn't bow to whatever requests 346 00:24:47,398 --> 00:24:50,314 were being made of him. 347 00:24:50,445 --> 00:24:53,448 It was clear that in Roberto Calvi's mind 348 00:24:53,579 --> 00:24:55,581 he had no doubt that if the Mafia had to, 349 00:24:55,711 --> 00:24:56,712 they would move against his family. 350 00:24:59,759 --> 00:25:00,977 He calls his daughter. 351 00:25:01,108 --> 00:25:03,893 Again, half of his telephone calls of his six calls 352 00:25:04,024 --> 00:25:05,416 go to his daughter. 353 00:25:05,547 --> 00:25:07,462 This time he has a different tone in his voice. 354 00:25:07,593 --> 00:25:10,509 And he says, you've got to leave Italy, you've got to leave now. 355 00:25:14,164 --> 00:25:20,344 June 17, 1982, the day before Calvi's murder. 356 00:25:20,475 --> 00:25:22,912 Ambrosiano Executive, Michel Lehmans, 357 00:25:23,043 --> 00:25:26,829 finally gets a meeting directly with Marcinkus. 358 00:25:26,960 --> 00:25:30,790 He says to Marcinkus, these letters, if I walk out of here, 359 00:25:30,920 --> 00:25:32,661 the Bank of Italy is going to take over Ambrosiano, 360 00:25:32,792 --> 00:25:34,184 this is going to be all over the news. 361 00:25:34,315 --> 00:25:36,796 This will be the end of you, this is going to go public. 362 00:25:36,926 --> 00:25:38,580 And Marcinkus says to him essentially, 363 00:25:38,711 --> 00:25:43,063 I'll have to pay for what I've done. 364 00:25:43,193 --> 00:25:46,545 Rosone knew that Ambrosiano was going to be taken over 365 00:25:46,675 --> 00:25:49,548 by the Bank of Italy. 366 00:25:49,678 --> 00:25:52,899 So he knew that the bank's time was over. 367 00:25:53,029 --> 00:25:56,250 6:00 PM that night, Bank of Italy regulators 368 00:25:56,380 --> 00:26:00,689 swarm into the bank's headquarters. 369 00:26:00,820 --> 00:26:06,913 7:14 PM, Graziella Corrocher has served 370 00:26:07,043 --> 00:26:10,264 Roberto Calvi as his loyal executive assistant 371 00:26:10,394 --> 00:26:11,700 for over 30 years. 372 00:26:22,711 --> 00:26:26,715 The journalists can hear a commotion and people shouting. 373 00:26:26,846 --> 00:26:29,588 Graziella Corrocher has jumped from the fourth floor 374 00:26:29,718 --> 00:26:33,026 of the Ambrosiano building. 375 00:26:33,156 --> 00:26:33,809 But she left a note. 376 00:26:58,878 --> 00:27:01,097 She wrote this note saying that he should be-- 377 00:27:03,926 --> 00:27:05,885 Not just damned, but extra damned. 378 00:27:42,312 --> 00:27:45,925 Clearly, it was very dramatic for Calvi to receive this news. 379 00:27:59,590 --> 00:28:03,290 Nobody remembers the last time Calvi had his mustache off. 380 00:28:03,420 --> 00:28:05,205 FBI reports over the years have said 381 00:28:05,335 --> 00:28:07,947 that people are fooled by somebody's appearance 382 00:28:08,077 --> 00:28:09,775 with a simple change of hair color 383 00:28:09,905 --> 00:28:12,908 or facial hair in case of a man. 384 00:28:13,039 --> 00:28:15,519 An action to change his physical appearance 385 00:28:15,650 --> 00:28:20,742 possibly an indication that he's perhaps going to leave London. 386 00:28:20,873 --> 00:28:23,876 He's then seen coming down in the lift 387 00:28:24,006 --> 00:28:29,359 with two Italian men on the very last evening of his life. 388 00:28:29,490 --> 00:28:33,189 They leave the building out of a back entrance. 389 00:28:33,320 --> 00:28:36,453 That's the last official sighting of Roberto Calvi. 390 00:28:49,815 --> 00:28:52,382 Casillo was his right hand man of the top 391 00:28:52,513 --> 00:28:54,645 of an organization called the Nuevo Camorra 392 00:28:54,776 --> 00:28:56,386 Organizata: the NCO. 393 00:29:00,651 --> 00:29:05,308 The Camorra is the Mafia of Naples and the Neapolitan 394 00:29:05,439 --> 00:29:06,266 hinterland. 395 00:29:12,881 --> 00:29:17,016 The standard practice of a mob execution 396 00:29:17,146 --> 00:29:20,759 is someone kills the person, then all of a sudden, 397 00:29:20,889 --> 00:29:24,023 the person who did the killing dies. 398 00:29:24,153 --> 00:29:27,678 Because it cuts off the middle person that 399 00:29:27,809 --> 00:29:32,161 can lead in even an indirect way to the people 400 00:29:32,292 --> 00:29:33,597 that are causing the problem. 401 00:29:33,728 --> 00:29:35,034 And they were very good at that. 402 00:30:34,441 --> 00:30:38,749 On the evening of June 17, 1982, Calvi 403 00:30:38,880 --> 00:30:42,536 is driven by Vaccari and Cassio to the outskirts of London, 404 00:30:42,666 --> 00:30:46,279 not far from the Thames. 405 00:30:46,409 --> 00:30:52,111 One night, same time, same tide conditions, I and my chemist 406 00:30:52,241 --> 00:30:54,548 colleague and Jeff Katz of Kroll associates, 407 00:30:54,678 --> 00:30:57,638 we were just seeing what it was like at night 408 00:30:57,768 --> 00:30:59,422 in those conditions and whether it was 409 00:30:59,553 --> 00:31:03,383 possible to bring a boat up. 410 00:31:03,513 --> 00:31:06,212 All through the night, we came down the Thames and all 411 00:31:06,342 --> 00:31:10,042 of these bridges, it took ages. 412 00:31:10,172 --> 00:31:13,306 The traces of oil stains on his trousers 413 00:31:13,436 --> 00:31:16,657 were compatible with a scenario where he might have been bought 414 00:31:16,787 --> 00:31:18,877 on a not very clean boat. 415 00:31:19,007 --> 00:31:20,922 Because of the silt staining on the trousers, 416 00:31:21,053 --> 00:31:24,491 he looked as though he had been sitting upright 417 00:31:24,621 --> 00:31:26,972 with his legs stretched out in front of him 418 00:31:27,102 --> 00:31:30,105 in the bottom of a boat. 419 00:31:30,236 --> 00:31:32,238 And they might have been surprised and overpowered 420 00:31:32,368 --> 00:31:34,718 just before they attached him to the scaffolding. 421 00:31:34,849 --> 00:31:38,287 It's possible that he was hanged somewhere else 422 00:31:38,418 --> 00:31:39,941 and then his body brought by boat. 423 00:32:05,749 --> 00:32:09,362 That night, when we finally got down to Blackfriars Bridge 424 00:32:09,492 --> 00:32:12,626 and discovered that if you wanted to get access 425 00:32:12,756 --> 00:32:16,673 to the scaffolding, the point at which Calvi was suspended 426 00:32:16,804 --> 00:32:19,676 from the scaffolding, that side of the scaffolding 427 00:32:19,807 --> 00:32:22,027 would be the nearest point to where 428 00:32:22,157 --> 00:32:24,464 you would want to put the boat to keep control of the boat 429 00:32:24,594 --> 00:32:26,466 to achieve getting him out of it and hanging him 430 00:32:26,596 --> 00:32:27,641 on the scaffolding. 431 00:32:27,771 --> 00:32:29,208 Wouldn't have been the other side, 432 00:32:29,338 --> 00:32:32,254 it would be this side that an experienced boatman would 433 00:32:32,385 --> 00:32:34,517 have used because this gives you better 434 00:32:34,648 --> 00:32:36,998 control over the boat in those kind of tidal conditions. 435 00:32:41,524 --> 00:32:44,223 The trial record states that all the Mafia witnesses 436 00:32:44,353 --> 00:32:46,486 were sure and in agreement in their statements 437 00:32:46,616 --> 00:32:49,576 that it was a murder and not a suicide. 438 00:32:49,706 --> 00:32:52,361 Some also specified that the execution 439 00:32:52,492 --> 00:32:54,929 was part of a Mise en Scene to make it seem 440 00:32:55,060 --> 00:32:56,061 like Calvi had killed himself. 441 00:33:13,252 --> 00:33:15,950 Sergio Vaccari, the other suspect, 442 00:33:16,081 --> 00:33:18,735 was stabbed to death in his flat some time 443 00:33:18,866 --> 00:33:21,390 after the Calvi murder. 444 00:33:21,521 --> 00:33:24,045 It was a very gruesome murder. 445 00:33:24,176 --> 00:33:27,527 He was stabbed repeatedly in the face and chest. 446 00:33:30,312 --> 00:33:32,532 One of the police officers said that he 447 00:33:32,662 --> 00:33:36,014 thought his murder would have required more than one person. 448 00:33:40,583 --> 00:33:44,022 Vaccari it emerges, is a very interesting character 449 00:33:44,152 --> 00:33:45,153 with very interesting contacts. 450 00:33:48,765 --> 00:33:51,855 He had been involved in drug trafficking in Latin America 451 00:33:51,986 --> 00:33:54,815 and also in California, and he had been let off 452 00:33:54,945 --> 00:33:58,514 with a remarkably light sentence after being caught smuggling 453 00:33:58,645 --> 00:34:04,085 in quite significant quantities of cocaine in California. 454 00:34:04,216 --> 00:34:05,739 He might have done some sort of a deal 455 00:34:05,869 --> 00:34:10,309 that he would cooperate in some kind of intelligence capacity 456 00:34:10,438 --> 00:34:13,399 with authorities in return for this astonishingly 457 00:34:13,529 --> 00:34:14,139 light sentence. 458 00:34:17,620 --> 00:34:20,362 The Bologna magistrates who are looking again 459 00:34:20,493 --> 00:34:24,149 at the whole Calvi business have asked the British authorities 460 00:34:24,279 --> 00:34:27,543 for information on Vaccari They're 461 00:34:27,674 --> 00:34:31,504 interested in the contents of security deposit boxes 462 00:34:31,634 --> 00:34:34,550 that he had in London, the contents of which have never 463 00:34:34,681 --> 00:34:36,248 been returned to his family. 464 00:34:36,378 --> 00:34:38,859 The Bologna magistrates have now made a request 465 00:34:38,989 --> 00:34:40,513 to see this material. 466 00:34:40,643 --> 00:34:42,471 And the British authorities are not 467 00:34:42,601 --> 00:34:45,170 responding to them, which raises the question 468 00:34:45,300 --> 00:34:47,998 as to whether the information might 469 00:34:48,129 --> 00:34:51,480 be very sensitive and possibly very revealing. 470 00:34:51,610 --> 00:34:54,831 The British just, as I understand it, 471 00:34:54,962 --> 00:34:57,007 have simply ignored the request so far. 472 00:35:04,624 --> 00:35:08,845 I understand why the mob would want to kill Calvi, 473 00:35:08,976 --> 00:35:12,197 I just don't understand the entire Warner Brothers 474 00:35:12,327 --> 00:35:15,200 scene of the hanging. 475 00:35:15,330 --> 00:35:18,464 It's extremely bizarre for a suicide, 476 00:35:18,594 --> 00:35:20,727 but it's equally bizarre for a Mafia killing. 477 00:35:23,730 --> 00:35:27,255 The thing with Calvi that always struck me is I 478 00:35:27,386 --> 00:35:33,174 can't see the Mafia leaving $13,000 in the wallet. 479 00:35:33,305 --> 00:35:35,959 The only people who would throw away money like that 480 00:35:36,090 --> 00:35:39,180 would be a government agency. 481 00:35:39,311 --> 00:35:41,574 There's an enormous array of things 482 00:35:41,704 --> 00:35:43,706 that Calvi could have spoken about that might have 483 00:35:43,837 --> 00:35:47,145 been embarrassing for the CIA. 484 00:35:47,275 --> 00:35:51,932 The whole P2 operation was basically CIA. 485 00:35:52,062 --> 00:35:56,197 All of that skullduggery ultimately, in my opinion, 486 00:35:56,328 --> 00:35:59,940 comes back to Langley, Virginia. 487 00:36:04,205 --> 00:36:06,076 The impression that people have of the British 488 00:36:06,207 --> 00:36:08,601 being very cursory in their investigation 489 00:36:08,731 --> 00:36:11,604 and not being keen to get to the bottom of this story, 490 00:36:11,734 --> 00:36:15,434 there may have been a role played by British intelligence. 491 00:36:15,564 --> 00:36:18,132 If they felt that he'd been eliminated 492 00:36:18,263 --> 00:36:21,091 by their American cousins, and then 493 00:36:21,222 --> 00:36:25,792 wouldn't want people to know too much. 494 00:36:25,922 --> 00:36:32,842 As a key element in a Western security conspiracy that 495 00:36:32,973 --> 00:36:37,195 had financed anti-communism around the globe, somebody who 496 00:36:37,325 --> 00:36:41,155 was threatening to spill the beans on this operation, 497 00:36:41,286 --> 00:36:43,636 they could well feel that it wasn't 498 00:36:43,766 --> 00:36:47,901 in the interests of the public that anything more should 499 00:36:48,031 --> 00:36:48,554 be known about that. 500 00:36:51,687 --> 00:36:54,386 There are a lot of allegations that you don't 501 00:36:54,516 --> 00:36:56,953 know if are true or not true. 502 00:36:57,084 --> 00:36:58,781 The reason you don't is because the CIA 503 00:36:58,912 --> 00:37:00,218 destroyed all the records. 504 00:37:00,348 --> 00:37:05,397 And I worked for the guy at Justice who did that. 505 00:37:05,527 --> 00:37:08,574 When the Freedom of Information Act was coming about, 506 00:37:08,704 --> 00:37:12,055 their management IT guy, he had all the records. 507 00:37:12,186 --> 00:37:13,579 He came to the CIA leadership and says, 508 00:37:13,709 --> 00:37:15,233 you better get rid of all this stuff 509 00:37:15,363 --> 00:37:17,191 because after this freedom of Information Act, 510 00:37:17,322 --> 00:37:18,888 we're going to have to show some of it. 511 00:37:19,019 --> 00:37:20,368 So they destroyed it all. 512 00:37:31,945 --> 00:37:35,557 Probably, Marcinkus was one of a large group of bystanders 513 00:37:35,688 --> 00:37:40,040 who were happy and personally favored by the fact 514 00:37:40,170 --> 00:37:42,564 that somebody took action and removed Roberta 515 00:37:42,695 --> 00:37:44,871 Calvi from the chess board, 516 00:37:45,001 --> 00:37:47,569 It is the biggest banking collapse in Italian history 517 00:37:47,700 --> 00:37:50,398 and has involved inner circles of the Vatican. 518 00:37:50,529 --> 00:37:53,053 Authorities charged that Marcinkus, as Vatican bank 519 00:37:53,183 --> 00:37:56,535 president, acted improperly and could be involved in fraud. 520 00:37:59,625 --> 00:38:01,888 During the subsequent trial around the bankruptcy 521 00:38:02,018 --> 00:38:07,850 of Banco Ambrosiano, the Vatican is forced to pay $230 million 522 00:38:07,981 --> 00:38:12,638 to its creditors, only a fraction of what it owed. 523 00:38:12,768 --> 00:38:14,901 The Vatican say they were never involved 524 00:38:15,031 --> 00:38:17,295 in dealings with the Ambrosiano Bank, 525 00:38:17,425 --> 00:38:19,993 that they are only paying out in good faith. 526 00:38:20,123 --> 00:38:22,082 It called the payment a donation, 527 00:38:22,212 --> 00:38:25,651 never admitting fault. 528 00:38:25,781 --> 00:38:28,436 This surely must be the highest price ever paid 529 00:38:28,567 --> 00:38:33,180 by the Roman Catholic Church for innocence and good faith. 530 00:38:33,311 --> 00:38:35,922 Earlier in the week, the Vatican fired another American Bishop, 531 00:38:36,052 --> 00:38:37,793 a friend of the Pope. 532 00:38:37,924 --> 00:38:41,144 Italian investigators said Calvi implicated Archbishop Marcinkus 533 00:38:41,275 --> 00:38:42,885 in the fraudulent loan scheme. 534 00:38:43,016 --> 00:38:45,714 They issued warrants for the arrest of the Archbishop, 535 00:38:45,845 --> 00:38:49,196 but Marcinkus stayed inside the Vatican, a sovereign country, 536 00:38:49,327 --> 00:38:53,331 which never gave him up for trial in Italy. 537 00:38:53,461 --> 00:38:55,942 They want him for criminal charges 538 00:38:56,072 --> 00:38:58,814 in the fall of the bank, and the Vatican won't give him up 539 00:38:58,945 --> 00:39:00,338 because they don't have to give him up, 540 00:39:00,468 --> 00:39:03,123 they are a sovereign state. 541 00:39:03,253 --> 00:39:06,561 They refused to turn him over. 542 00:39:06,692 --> 00:39:09,695 Marcinkus could have been put in a Vatican prison for fraud 543 00:39:09,825 --> 00:39:11,392 and he wasn't. 544 00:39:11,523 --> 00:39:13,655 Pope John Paul II loyalty to them 545 00:39:13,786 --> 00:39:15,701 was not to turn them over to the Italians 546 00:39:15,831 --> 00:39:19,052 so that for Marcinkus, it was a bittersweet moment. 547 00:39:19,182 --> 00:39:21,097 The Archbishop is free to leave now 548 00:39:21,228 --> 00:39:24,100 because an Italian court ruled his risk of prosecution 549 00:39:24,231 --> 00:39:25,841 is over. 550 00:39:25,972 --> 00:39:28,757 They reach a deal where Marcinkus can leave the Vatican 551 00:39:28,888 --> 00:39:30,890 and come back to America and spend the rest of his years 552 00:39:31,020 --> 00:39:32,979 quietly in this little diocese in Arizona. 553 00:39:33,109 --> 00:39:35,895 [music playing] 554 00:39:45,687 --> 00:39:49,343 When I was writing my book about the Calvi case, 555 00:39:49,474 --> 00:39:52,738 it was clear that Marcinkus was a key witness to speak to. 556 00:39:56,306 --> 00:40:00,789 But he told me that there was no way he was willing to speak. 557 00:40:00,920 --> 00:40:03,488 I tried incessantly to get him to talk, 558 00:40:03,618 --> 00:40:04,663 he wouldn't give me the time of day. 559 00:40:08,841 --> 00:40:14,324 Marcinkus was very well behaved, right until the end. 560 00:40:21,375 --> 00:40:22,637 Personally, I think it's unlikely 561 00:40:22,768 --> 00:40:25,248 that Marcinkus himself had anything 562 00:40:25,379 --> 00:40:27,816 to do with Calvi's death. 563 00:40:27,947 --> 00:40:30,515 I don't see the Vatican as an organization 564 00:40:30,645 --> 00:40:33,692 that directly hires hitmen. 565 00:40:33,822 --> 00:40:37,043 Other organizations have a more natural vocation 566 00:40:37,173 --> 00:40:38,218 for that kind of thing. 567 00:40:47,314 --> 00:40:50,360 The Vatican says, OK, we can never 568 00:40:50,491 --> 00:40:52,406 put the Vatican bank under one person who doesn't 569 00:40:52,537 --> 00:40:53,712 know anything about finances. 570 00:40:53,842 --> 00:40:57,106 So in the future, we'll make sure it runs right. 571 00:40:57,237 --> 00:40:59,631 Vatican bank in the 90s after Marcinkus theft 572 00:40:59,761 --> 00:41:03,504 was as bad or worse than the Vatican bank under Marcinkus. 573 00:41:03,635 --> 00:41:07,116 It's remarkable that the Leopard doesn't change its spots. 574 00:41:07,247 --> 00:41:09,031 So the Vatican bank didn't change, 575 00:41:09,162 --> 00:41:10,598 it just operated in a different manner. 576 00:41:17,692 --> 00:41:20,826 Michele Sindona is extradited back to Italy 577 00:41:20,956 --> 00:41:24,177 where he is charged with paying $50,000 for the shooting 578 00:41:24,307 --> 00:41:25,657 of Giorgio Ambrosoli. 579 00:41:28,703 --> 00:41:32,751 His prison is Voghera on the outskirts of Milan. 580 00:41:32,881 --> 00:41:36,711 The second day he's in serving his prison sentence. 581 00:41:36,842 --> 00:41:38,408 Breakfast is bottom and he has this espresso, 582 00:41:38,539 --> 00:41:40,498 and he comes out for the bathroom. 583 00:41:40,628 --> 00:41:43,805 He's grabbing his throat and he's eating Italian poison, 584 00:41:43,936 --> 00:41:45,633 and he drops dead. 585 00:41:45,764 --> 00:41:50,333 They investigated, cyanide, he killed himself. 586 00:41:50,464 --> 00:41:53,685 The smell was very strong. 587 00:41:53,815 --> 00:41:54,947 No way it could have been an accident. 588 00:42:03,608 --> 00:42:06,262 But equally, he could have been privy to a lot of very 589 00:42:06,393 --> 00:42:09,570 sensitive secrets and have been required 590 00:42:09,701 --> 00:42:12,660 to take his life in order to preserve 591 00:42:12,791 --> 00:42:15,141 the safety of the members of his family. 592 00:42:15,271 --> 00:42:21,147 And then, of course, in Calvi's case, a suicide, a murder, 593 00:42:21,277 --> 00:42:21,626 a mystery. 594 00:42:28,589 --> 00:42:31,897 It's been 25 years since Roberto Calvi was 595 00:42:32,027 --> 00:42:35,074 found hanging from Blackfriars Bridge in London, 596 00:42:35,204 --> 00:42:38,207 and two years since his murder came to trial at the Court 597 00:42:38,338 --> 00:42:41,167 overseas in Rome. 598 00:42:41,297 --> 00:42:42,690 Finally, a verdict. 599 00:43:06,061 --> 00:43:08,150 One of the things I remember about the acquittal 600 00:43:08,281 --> 00:43:11,371 was seeing Ernesto Diotallevi, one of the defendants, 601 00:43:11,501 --> 00:43:15,723 punching the air in delight and celebration. 602 00:43:15,854 --> 00:43:18,465 The presiding judge dismisses the case 603 00:43:18,596 --> 00:43:21,773 due to lack of evidence. 604 00:43:21,903 --> 00:43:23,992 These judges in two or three months time 605 00:43:24,123 --> 00:43:25,907 will issue a long statement. 606 00:43:26,038 --> 00:43:29,171 And it may even be at that stage that they'd 607 00:43:29,302 --> 00:43:32,784 say there's doubt over whether he was murdered or not, 608 00:43:32,914 --> 00:43:35,656 in which case, we really are right back to square one. 609 00:44:08,994 --> 00:44:12,040 I never thought this was going to end today. 610 00:44:12,171 --> 00:44:14,826 But these are the individuals I consider 611 00:44:14,956 --> 00:44:17,829 responsible for organizing his journey to London 612 00:44:17,959 --> 00:44:20,135 and his murder on the behalf of others. 613 00:44:37,544 --> 00:44:40,155 It's obvious that such a public murder 614 00:44:40,286 --> 00:44:41,722 was meant to send a message. 615 00:44:41,853 --> 00:44:43,898 And I think the message was that if you 616 00:44:44,029 --> 00:44:46,727 share the secrets of the Italian institutions, which 617 00:44:46,858 --> 00:44:48,642 are part of Italian society, including 618 00:44:48,773 --> 00:44:50,513 the Vatican, including the Mafia, 619 00:44:50,644 --> 00:44:56,215 and including P2, you don't threaten to reveal them. 620 00:44:56,345 --> 00:44:59,435 The Calvi affair is a brilliant microcosm of the Cold War, 621 00:44:59,566 --> 00:45:02,264 it's the crime of power. 622 00:45:02,395 --> 00:45:05,615 There's this red thread that runs through this history 623 00:45:05,746 --> 00:45:08,053 of skullduggery. 624 00:45:08,183 --> 00:45:12,361 A lot of the mysterious criminal or terrorist events 625 00:45:12,492 --> 00:45:15,190 that have influenced Italian history since the war 626 00:45:15,321 --> 00:45:17,410 are in there. 627 00:45:17,540 --> 00:45:23,764 The same individuals or the same organizations keep cropping up. 628 00:45:23,895 --> 00:45:25,853 Calvi is doing financial operations 629 00:45:25,984 --> 00:45:28,856 in which millions of dollars are passing 630 00:45:28,987 --> 00:45:31,859 through the hands of these various people, 631 00:45:31,990 --> 00:45:35,733 possibly even to the Bologna bombings. 632 00:45:35,863 --> 00:45:41,042 And the very spectacular end that he meets 633 00:45:41,173 --> 00:45:46,047 is extraordinary shocking and theatrical. 634 00:45:46,178 --> 00:45:49,834 And the whole point of these crimes of power 635 00:45:49,964 --> 00:45:53,968 is that they are conducted by people who enjoy impunity, 636 00:45:54,099 --> 00:45:57,406 and the truth will never come out about it. 637 00:46:14,597 --> 00:46:17,818 Licio Gelli didn't die until 2015 638 00:46:17,949 --> 00:46:20,603 when he was well into his 90s. 639 00:46:20,734 --> 00:46:23,868 And, of course, he took a lot of secrets to the grave. 640 00:46:28,263 --> 00:46:33,051 By 2012, from prison, Frankie "The Strangler" DeCarlo 641 00:46:33,181 --> 00:46:35,488 opens up to the press about Calvi's murder. 642 00:47:06,171 --> 00:47:08,608 The parliamentary commission of inquiry 643 00:47:08,738 --> 00:47:13,961 that's set up to look into the P2 case 644 00:47:14,092 --> 00:47:17,965 never reaches a unified conclusion. 645 00:47:18,096 --> 00:47:22,100 In the report of Tina Anselmi, a metaphor 646 00:47:22,230 --> 00:47:27,757 was written saying that the system of the large P2 647 00:47:27,888 --> 00:47:32,762 is double pyramid. 648 00:47:32,893 --> 00:47:35,591 And suddenly comes up with one theory, 649 00:47:35,722 --> 00:47:40,858 which is the idea of the two pyramids. 650 00:47:40,988 --> 00:47:43,991 The P2 was this state within a state, 651 00:47:44,122 --> 00:47:48,256 with Gelli at the peak of the pyramid 652 00:47:48,387 --> 00:47:52,260 and all his followers members underneath him. 653 00:47:52,391 --> 00:47:55,220 But then there was an inverted pyramid, 654 00:47:55,350 --> 00:47:58,440 if you like, stretching up into the higher 655 00:47:58,571 --> 00:48:04,011 echelons of the state where Gelli was the connection point. 656 00:48:04,142 --> 00:48:06,013 But we don't know-- 657 00:48:06,144 --> 00:48:09,887 that other pyramid remains mysterious. 658 00:48:46,010 --> 00:48:52,146 We still have fascist now, more than Germany had fascist then. 659 00:48:55,323 --> 00:48:57,586 Italy elected its first far right government 660 00:48:57,717 --> 00:49:00,415 since World War two yesterday with Giorgia Meloni 661 00:49:00,546 --> 00:49:02,678 set to become prime minister. 662 00:49:02,809 --> 00:49:05,420 Her party, Brothers of Italy, has its roots 663 00:49:05,551 --> 00:49:08,119 in Mussolini's Fascist Party. 664 00:49:08,249 --> 00:49:12,210 Everything is bigger than us. 665 00:49:12,340 --> 00:49:14,212 [laughs] 666 00:49:14,342 --> 00:49:18,346 [music playing] 52353

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