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Arrays and loops are like siblings previously defined an array that stores four kingdoms and you learn
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how to access each element using its index.
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Now, let's imagine the array had 20 elements, are you going to put 20 print statements and access
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each index one by one?
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Absolutely not.
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That would be terrible.
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Instead, we can use a loop that runs through every element in the array.
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In this video, you're going to learn how to loop through an array of values.
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The first thing you need to do is create a new class by yourself inside Section six.
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Wow, that's a tongue twister inside your Section six folder, create a new file, need to raise an
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Leapster Java and make sure the class has a main method.
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So how can we loop through an array, a loop can run through every element in an array, but how does
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that happen?
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Let's have a look.
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Inside arrays and loops make another kingdom's variable, it's going to be the exact same variable as
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the last one, string kingdom's is equal to an array of string values.
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W6.
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Northumbria and East Anglia.
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Yay for short.
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The array has four elements, so you need a for loop that runs exactly four times, so I'm going to
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say four enties is equal to zero.
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The eye counter is going to start at zero because the index of a race first element starts at zero as
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well.
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And so it makes sense because the last index of an array race three.
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The loop is going to keep running while the counter eye is less than the array's length for E-Plus plus.
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And then I'm going to print the counter I during each run.
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All right, this loop keeps running as long as it is less than four, I starts at zero and goes up until
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three, basically designed this loop so that each counter value matches the index of an element so I
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can use each counter value to index an element inside the kingdom array.
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Some print the element at Inducts I.
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And here will index the element from the kingdom's array.
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And very nice, the for loop runs through every value in the array.
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And here is a visual that I made for you.
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I start at zero indexing the first element.
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Increases up to one.
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Indexing the second element.
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And the loop keeps running until I equals three, which allows us to index the last elements.
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Arrays of a length property that calculates the number of elements.
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You can use the length to calculate the number of elements for kingdoms, right?
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So here I'm going to print.
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The number of elements is.
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Kingdoms that length.
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And indeed, the number of elements is four, because the array has four elements, so length equals
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four.
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And so inside the for loop, instead of writing is smaller than four, I'm going to write I is smaller
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than kingdoms that length.
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And nice, this works very well with that being said, you never need to count the elements yourself,
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always use the length property to run through an array.
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Now, here's something to consider when you look through an array.
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Pay attention to the condition, because what if you replaced your condition with eyes smaller than
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or equal to kingdoms that length?
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In this case, the code crashes because the next four is out of range.
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Because we start counting at zero, the last index number in an array is always going to be one smaller
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than the array's length.
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Into this loop runs as long as I is smaller than or equal to four.
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In the fifth run, the counter is going to equal the array's length, for there is no element at index
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four, so the code crashes.
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So your loop should only run as long as it is smaller than the array length.
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And now everything works, the loop keeps running right up until the last inducts and then the loop
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stops.
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In this lesson, we used a for loop to access each element in an array, your first for a loop ran through
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the length of the kingdom's array and also because we start counting at zero, the last index number
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is always one smaller than the array length.
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So your condition for running through an array should always be smaller than the length of the array.
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If I count up to an index that's equal to the length, your code is going to crash.
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