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hey there I'm Mike Rugnetta this is
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crash course mythology and today we'll
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be talking about the moment that you've
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all been waiting for
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or perhaps dreading that's right Thoth
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it's the end of the world these days
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books and movies and video games are big
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on a post-apocalyptic stories nuclear
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fallout
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zombies robot uprisings nuclear-powered
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robot zombie uprising but before there
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were post apocalypse stories there were
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plain old apocalyptic stories open
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apocalypse well it's a fancy way of
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saying the end of the world but often
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with a religious connotation so yes fair
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warning the apocalyptic visions we're
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discussing come from living religious
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texts and as usual we're not going to
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touch on their religious significance
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but these stories do fit our definition
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of myth significant stories that have
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been important to many people for a very
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long time so let's get started with all
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of these endings
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[Music]
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we can find stories of the end of the
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world in cultures around the globe and
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perhaps that's because they reflect the
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uncomfortable fact that for individual
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people the world does come to an end in
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a sense when we you know die but
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apocalypses are about more than any
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individual death they're about imagining
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how a supernatural power will eventually
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end all human life in its entirety
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according to our old pal David leaming
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through their myth of the Apocalypse
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human societies express a sense that the
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higher powers of the universe must
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intervene definitively to put an end to
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the failure of humanity the theme of
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divine punishment is similar to what we
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saw in all those flood stories try not
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Mesopotamia the Inca Empire but there's
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one significant difference flood stories
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are about the past but apocalypse
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stories apocalypse comes from a Greek
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word for uncovering it by the W always
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reveal something yet to come this makes
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talking about them a little strange
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because their old stories rooted in the
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past which discuss a distant glob only
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knows when future what we'll see today
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is the flood story theme of judgment
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combined with the focus on torment for
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those harshly judged and in many cases
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just like the flood stories these end of
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everything tales actually promise a new
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beginning there's more than one tale of
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Apocalypse in the Hebrew Bible foretold
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by a number of prospects in some of
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these prophecies the end of the world is
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marked by two events first general
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destruction usually of the natural world
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followed by a judgement punishing the
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enemies of God we're going to see these
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themes repeated again and again the Book
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of Isaiah describes the promised
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destruction behold the Lord will strip
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the earth bare and lay it waste and
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twist its surface and scatter its
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inhabitants the book of Zechariah has a
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little bit more detail about how the
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judgment will work itself out amid the
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destruction of the world the people of
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Jerusalem will be embroiled in a great
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battle but the Lord Himself will go
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forth to sway the battle and save his
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righteous followers and those on the
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other side of the battle
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righteous you might be wondering well
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their flesh shall consume away while
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they stand upon their feet and their
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eyes shall consume away in their holes
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and their tongue shall consume away in
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their mouths anyone who manages to
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survive the literal face-melting
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the Lord will put a great tumult among
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them leaving all the non-believers to
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fight each other as the world burns down
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around them for the true believers in
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Yahweh X the process he promises safety
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and survival in the kingdom of God this
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is an apocalyptic attribute that we're
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going to see more than once today if you
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got faith you say for the ancient
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Persians or a stream the ultimate deity
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ahuru mazda has a destructive
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counterpart in Angra Mainyu or Ahriman
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and their apocalypse prophecy your fate
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is tied to which one you follow the many
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followers of Ahriman will be punished
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while the few faithful to a hurry Mazda
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will be rewarded according to David Lee
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mang fire the son of a Mazda will
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flow like a river over the universe as
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an ultimate sacrifice destroying all
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before it including even hell and
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separating the good from the evil as a
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Last Judgment then through ceremonies
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presided over by the Saviour
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so she ant the resurrection of the
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bodies of the good will take place and a
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new golden age will follow
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so she ant who's referred to as a single
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figure sometimes and other times is a
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group of figures is a kind of Messiah
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who will help remake the world and
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redeem worthy humankind in some
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traditions associate is also a product
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of a virgin birth but this story
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involves bathing in a lake filled with
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sperm like a spermicide maybe you're
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picking up on some similarities there
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was a great deal of syncretism among the
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religions of the eastern Mediterranean
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which brings us to the Christian
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apocalypse the end of the world is
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described in the book of Revelation it
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portrays the coming of the kingdom of
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God to earth the raising of the Dead and
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the Last Judgement we got angels and
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Antichrist playing exist end of days has
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it all come on down to the south amid
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all the chaos the end of day st. John
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Devine described in particular detail
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the alchemical plague of seven a new
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he writes and I saw another sign in
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heaven great and marvellous seven angels
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having the seven last plagues for in
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them is filled up the wrath of God the
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seven angels appear each holding their
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own vial of plague liquid one by one
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they pour them out across the land the
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first angel pours their vial and there
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fell a noisome and grievous sore upon
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the men which had the mark of the beast
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and upon them which worshipped him the
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second angel for their vial into the sea
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which turns into blood the third angel
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pours a vial on the rivers and fountain
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which also turn into the fourth angel
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pours their vial into the Sun which
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flares up and scorching those on the
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face of the earth angel five pours a
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vial on the seat beast this builds their
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kingdom with darkness and causes their
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followers now their own tongue Hank the
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sixth angel pours their vial on the
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great river Euphrates and in kind of a
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twist the river doesn't turn into blood
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but it does dry up entirely
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the final angel pours out their liquid
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into the air which causes a great
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booming voice to come from the temple of
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heaven saying it is done thunder
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lightning and a terrible earthquake all
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the remaining cities all the nations of
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Earth crumble thank you cloud bubble the
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apocalypse story in Revelation has a lot
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in common with the older prophecy told
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by Zechariah plagues war the dissolving
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of terrestrial nations but there's one
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very significant difference which is
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that revelation makes frequent reference
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to the Beast
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Saint John has added a villain similar
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to what we saw in Zoroastrianism of
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course the villain stuff gets
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complicated because there are actually
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two beasts and a dragon yes there is
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also a dragon so I guess that means that
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there are then three bees also the
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dragon is the devil the last story of
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Apocalypse that we're going to talk
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about comes from Islam and since Islam
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is also an Abrahamic tradition it's
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unsurprising that there are similarities
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between Jewish Christian and Muslim
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accounts of the end of the world there's
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a long description of the final judgment
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in Sura 56 of the Quran but there's also
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interesting additional information
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recorded in a collection of hadith which
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are sayings and stories of the life of
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Muhammad it's worth noting that while
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this is a religious text in Islam it's
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considered a secondary text to the Koran
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and not all collections of hadith are
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equally esteemed muslims have a variety
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of relationships with the hadith often
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depending upon their denomination and
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how well sourced a given hadith is here
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at crash course mythology were
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interested in stories which is why we're
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drawing on this particular hadith but if
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you want to know more you can check out
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the two episodes of crash course world
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history about Islam that covers this
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very topic when asked about the judgment
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that's mentioned in the Quran Muhammad
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offers further explanation he says that
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at this terrible time people will
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forsake studying the Quran and indulge
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in earthly pleasures there will be
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famine and plague in Medina and Mecca
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earthquakes throughout North Africa
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thunderstorms in Iran and Turkey
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banditry in Iraq and floods in the Far
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East as morality decays among all the
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people the Dajjal or Antichrist will
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appear riding on a donkey and subjecting
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all the people to his rule to Jones will
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not the donkeys rule the Dajjal will
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rule for only 40 days though before God
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sends Jesus and an army of the faithful
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from heaven Jesus will defeat and kill
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the Dajjal and then rain for 40 years
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but each of these years will have 26
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months
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so it'll be more like 87 years at that
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point Jesus will travel to Jerusalem
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pray at the Dome of the rock and be
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taken up to heaven and this is where
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things get intense seven days after
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Jesus ascends the monster's ya'juj and
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ma'juj referred to in the old and new
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testament as gog and magog will escape
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their bondage and destroy civilization
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then the angel is Rothfeld will blow the
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horn of judgment Mountains will crumble
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there will be 40 more years of
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earthquakes and terrible storms then
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Israel will sound the horn again the
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souls and bodies of the faithful will be
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reunited resurrected and spent the next
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40 years praising Allah after this final
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40 year period the trumpet will sound
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again and Mohammed will return to earth
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for the Day of Judgment everyone will
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have their secret sins measured against
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their good deeds
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on the scales of judgment the allowed
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will pick the scale if one of the Damned
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sincerely called for mercy and finally
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all will walk to cross the bridge into
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paradise easy and wide for the righteous
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while the Damned can't help but slip off
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and fall below into hell but even if
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they do fall into hell if they really
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have a change of heart along the way
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they'll be able to scramble out in time
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there's always hope for things to turn
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around so these apocalyptic stories
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feature plagues and natural disasters
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and things far beyond mortal control and
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let's not forget the unnatural disasters
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like rivers of molten metal or the
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dragon not nice ones interested in
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responding or helping with floods either
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and yet these apocalyptic stories mix
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terror with hope as in flood myths
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apocalypse stories from the religious
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traditions of the eastern Mediterranean
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all offer some sense of an everlasting
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life beyond this world at least for
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believers if they speak to the end of
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the world they also speak to the
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faithful in the present moment
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promising great rewards or amnesty from
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everlasting torment if that faith
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continues but let's hope the world is an
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end too soon
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at least not before we get to talk about
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Ragnarok thanks for watching we'll see
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you next time check out our crash course
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mythology tote tote bag and poster
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available now at dftba.com crash course
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M ago studio in Indianapolis Indiana and
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free trial thanks for watching and
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