All language subtitles for Tiger 24

[instrumental music]

[instrumental music]

[instrumental music]

[music continues]

Warren: I thought I was making
a documentary

on a tiger in the wild.

But on May 8th, 2015,

the tiger I was following
killed a man.

And my documentary became
about something bigger.

He's India's best known,
most famous,

or should I say infamous, tiger.

His name is Ustad, T-24.

Warren: The man that was killed
was Rampal Saini,

a forest guard.

He is survived by his wife,
Dholi Bai,

and his son, Mohan,
who was 17 years old

on the date of the attack.

[speaking Hindi]

The definition of
a man eater

is a tiger that kills
and eats people.

T-24 killed and ate two people.

The forest guards were scared
of doing any patrolling anymore,

and specially in T-- T-24,
Ustad's territory

they absolutely refused to do
any foot patrolling.

This animal must be picked up
and taken out,

and he will always
be a problem

because he now has
a memory implant

that this is food.

Man 1: He was the pride
of Ranthambore,

but now is the biggest villain
of the national park.

We're talking about Ustad,
or T-24,

who was abruptly relocated
a few days ago

to a biological park
in Udaipur,

allegedly because he had turned
into a man killer.

Accused of killing four humans
in the last five years,

Ustad is now forced to live

in a small enclosure,
miles away from home.

[intense music]

[snarls]

[music continues]

Warren: When this
thing started,

I had no idea what I was doing.

So we're in Ranthambore,
Rajasthan.

It's May, um...

What is it? May 23rd, 2012?

It's, um, it's hot.

It's about 45 degree Celsius,

which I-- I think
is 110 Fahrenheit, I'm sure.

I was told to follow
a tigress with cubs

because those make for
the best tiger documentaries.

But then I saw
this young male, T-24.

Locally, he was known as Ustad,

which means... the Master.

How was I not gonna follow him?

He turned out to be the
dominant male of Ranthambore,

a 109-square-mile national park
in northwest India.

For the most part,
Ranthambore is Tiger paradise,

with its large water bodies,
ample prey,

and plenty of camouflage
in dry deciduous forest.

A former hunting ground
for the Maharajas of Jaipur,

today, wild tigers
are protected here.

In fact, you can see them
walking amongst the very relics

from which
they were once hunted.

Twenty percent of the habitat
is open for tourism.

Here, tigers are maniacally
pursued and celebrated.

Tiger tourism is big business
in Ranthambore,

earning millions
for hotel owners

and the Forest Department,

income which is put back
into conservation.

T-24's territory
was nearly 20 square miles.

It stretched all the way
towards the main road

from where pilgrims
and tourists enter the park

and towards a village
called the Old City.

I'd heard
that he'd killed people.

But at the time,
I chose to ignore the attacks.

I just wanted to follow him
in the wild.

[instrumental music]

He was kind of a super tiger,

handsome, powerful...

and he had a cool beard.

[music continues]

He weighed nearly 600 pounds,

huge, even for a Bengal tiger.

He also had a family.

This is Noor,

T-24's one and only
mating partner.

And you can see why.
She's pretty hot.

This is Sultan,
Noor's son through T-24.

He's pretty big, too,
for a one-year-old.

[music continues]

[car engine rumbling]

[rattling]

[birds chirping]

December 2013
was my first winter with T-24.

He seemed relaxed.
Only the flies bothered him.

But later he became annoyed

by the presence
of another tiger

who turned out to be Sultan,
now almost fully grown.

While Sultan is still allowed
in his father's territory,

coming close could be
interpreted as a challenge.

[tigers growling]

[tigers growling]

I think it was about the time

Sultan urinated himself

that he realized
he was in over his head

and his only choice
was to submit to his father.

T-24 was entirely capable
of killing his son,

but chose to spare him.

Pilgrims are allowed to walk
through T-24's territory

on certain days
to visit the Ganesh Temple.

Forest guards are on
full alert on these days.

This is not one of those days.

[indistinct chatter]

[speaking Hindi]

[speaking Hindi]

[speaking Hindi]

Basically, we've got,
we've got kids

walk-- walking literally
into the reserve

because it, there's a back road

that connects
to the-- the temple.

There's a big bunch
of commotion right now. Um...

You know, this is,
this is T-24's territory,

and he's gonna end up
killing someone

and, you know,
the tiger will be blamed.

[indistinct chatter]

[speaking Hindi]

[speaking Hindi]

[instrumental music]

[calling]

Warren: In June 2014,

Noor was spotted
with her second litter.

T-24 was a father again.

Locals named the two male cubs
Gora and Kalua.

[music continues]

The cubs are now a year old.

They've grown rapidly
now that they're off milk

and eating meat, which both
parents provided plenty of.

Noor would acquire prey
traditionally,

patiently stalking,

ready to explode into
the immense effort required

in taking down
family-sized prey.

[music continues]

While T-24 would just show up

like an undefeated brawler,

usurping kills
from other predators.

T-24 is right behind me.

Behind him is a somber kill,

which is a-- a large deer,

and, um, it wasn't his kill.

He stole it from a-- a leopard.

The leopard killed it ahead.

He's dragged the kill
behind to this tree,

which is more secure for him.

[instrumental music]

Although the leopard
retreated and stayed retreated,

T-24 kept watch
over the kill all day

and into the night
without eating it.

It was only in the morning
that I realized

he was saving meat
for his family.

[music continues]

In spite of his generosity,
when T-24 wanted to eat,

he wanted his space.

If he seems like an abusive
father right now, think again.

However vicious he appears,
it was not a real threat

because he tolerated
all kinds of mischief,

like being swiped
in the face...

being forced to play...

and being woken
from an afternoon snooze.

[birds chirping]

[growls]

The Shiva Temple is located
within T-24's territory.

Today is Lord Shiva's birthday.

Hundreds of pilgrims will walk
through T-24's territory

to visit the temple.

[indistinct chanting over PA]

[birds chirping]

Just one mile away,

Noor has killed a bull
on the path to the Shiva Temple

and is sharing it
with her son Kalua.

This bull must have crossed
over from the grazing area.

The Forest Department
anticipates

that T-24 will join in
the feasting soon.

This is problematic
given T-24's history

and the incoming pilgrims.

To protect the pilgrims,

the Forest Department
decides to intervene.

When Noor and the cub
step away,

the forest guards
seize their opportunity.

The kill is moved
deeper into the core.

As invasive as this is,

the Forest Department
made a call

in the interest of preventing

potentially fatal
man-animal conflict.

[indistinct chanting over PA]

Pilgrims were able to visit
the Shiva Temple

without incident
throughout the day.

[chanting in

[crackling]

[chanting continues]

Later in the afternoon,
Noor comes searching

for her bull kill
with her hungry cubs.

Losing a large kill

is a serious problem
for a tiger family.

[birds chirping]

[Noor growls]

[intense music]

When she locates the bull,
she's suspicious.

It's obvious, her kill has been
tampered with.

There will be no eating until
she assesses the situation

and hides her kill
from further interference.

The next morning,
T-24 locates the bull kill.

It was February 18th, 2015,

the last day I would see
T-24 in the wild.

[music continues]

Three months later,
he was removed

for the killing
of Rampal Saini,

which, according to
the Forest Department,

was T-24's fourth human kill.

My documentary
had become bigger

than just me and T-24.

Now the whole country
was involved.

[instrumental music]

[speaking Hindi]

This protest is to get T-24,
the tiger from Ranthambore,

popularly called Ustad, to get
him released from the zoo.

He has been taken out
of his natural habitat

and put in a zoo,
so we're talking about a tiger

who is used to 30, 40
square kilometers of area

now living in half-hectare
enclosure.

So you can imagine the life
that he's living today.

What would you do
if you were in your home

and somebody enters your home
and catches you by surprise?

If somebody comes to my house
and I kill him,

it's self-defense.

Our voice is falling
on deaf ears.

I'm sorry the forest officials
are thick-skinned,

corrupt, and inept.

Woman 1: The tiger is
our national animal.

We should be protecting it,

not threatening it,
not endangering it.

Please stop making man eaters
of our tigers.

[music continues]

Warren: In the early 1900s,
over 40,000 tigers

thrived in India's diverse
and pervasive forests.

By the late 1960s,
habitat destruction

and the so-called
royal sport of hunting

reduced tigers
to less than 2000

hiding in fragmented remnants

of a once sweeping
tiger habitat.

[growling]

[gunshots]

[instrumental music]

Man 2: A record kill.

Ten feet, two inches
of stilled fury

and now a great trophy.

Nowhere else in the world

could this hunt
have taken place

and at so small a cost.

Yes, nowhere but India
can the big-game hunter

get so much for his money.

[instrumental music]

Warren: In 1972, the government
of India outlawed hunting.

A year later,
India's prime minister,

Indira Gandhi,
launched Project Tiger,

legally protecting the little
remaining tiger habitat

through the creation
of tiger reserves.

Forest guards were hired
to patrol these tiger reserves,

and whole villages were moved
outside the reserve perimeter.

The National Tiger
Conservation Authority,

or NTCA,
is a central government body

that supports Project Tiger
with legal backing.

Ranthambore is one
of fifty tiger reserves.

All these
tiger reserves combined

represent less than 2%
of the landmass of India.

According to the NTCA,
the tiger reserves

are to be made up
of a core and a buffer.

The core is supposed to be
exclusively for tigers,

where their well-being
is the priority.

It gives tigers a place
in the world,

a sacred place
that they can call their own.

[music continues]

The buffer is supposed
to separate the core

from the village.

Here, villagers are allowed
to bring in cattle for grazing

and pick firewood.

With Ranthambore--
Ranthambore Tiger Reserve,

when it was selected in 1974,

it was the smallest of all
the tiger reserves selected,

and it has no buffer.

It's like a little island

in the middle of a very busy
human population.

Warren: No buffer means
human activity

borders the tigers' home.

If you look at this
grazing area, for example,

it's only separated
by the main road.

And this is the road
where all the tourists go in,

where filmmakers like myself
go in to film tigers

inside the national park.

Here's some more cattle

walking to
another grazing area.

And then, there's this wall.

And behind this wall
is core area.

And this is the reality
of Ranthambore.

There is no buffer.

And when cattle stray in
from the gate,

they do get killed by tigers,

which is upsetting
to the villagers

who generate their livelihood
from cattle.

The core itself is compromised
in certain areas.

As we have seen,
Ranthambore allows villagers

to enter the core
for religious purposes.

T-24's particular territory

had the highest visitation
of pilgrims.

Rampal Saini was killed
in the core area.

But he had a right to be there
because he was a forest guard.

You don't wanna be
off-roading in the forest

because you will
either damage the forest,

or your jeep, or both.

So jeeps stay on the road

while forest guards
have to do their job on foot

in order to find poachers
and to properly ID tigers

as T-24, T-39,
T-72, etcetera.

We don't want a man eater
out there on the loose, right?

So it was very important
to ID the tiger,

which has not been done.

Nobody saw him clearly
when the incident happened,

and in the melee, all they
could say was it was a tiger.

Whether it was Sultan,
whether it was Ustad,

or Star Male,
who used to frequent

that area occasionally,
there was no positive ID made.

The area where Rampal Saini
was killed

was definitely
in T-24's territory.

Star Male never came there.

Star Male used to come
to another place,

but a kilometer away
from where Rampal was killed.

There probably 5% chance
whether it could be Star Male,

95% chance
that it had to be T-24.

[intense music]

Warren: T-24's oldest son
Sultan, was the prime suspect

in the immediate confusion
after the attack

and was labeled as
the killer tiger

in the first news reports.

I also heard
that it wasn't T-24.

Sultan was spotted
by a few tourist vehicles

who have seen and identified
Sultan there before.

And since Ustad and Sultan
were seen together,

they were, they were in
the same territory that time,

I have... The week before that
when I was in Ranthambore,

I've shot
both of them together.

Since Sultan and Ustad
were both seen together,

and if Sultan actually did
the killing and not Ustad,

and Ustad, since he was nearby,

he came, he's an animal,
he sniffed blood.

And he just happened to be

at the wrong place
at the wrong time.

[intense music]

Warren: If we get attacked,
just keep rolling, okay?

[chuckles]

This is the exact spot
where Rampal was killed.

And that's the--
that's the road to the fort.

That's the road? Okay.

Whenever a tiger
comes along this main road

the guards
are deployed right away

because a lot of people
walk on this road.

[speaking Hindi]

[speaking Hindi]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

[engine revving]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

[intense music]

[music continues]

We got one forest canter to park

about 100, 200 meters
down the road here.

Another forest jeep
to park about

200 meters down the road here.

- The other side, okay. Okay.
- Yeah, the other side.

They were parked in such a way
that they could see each other.

And then, the fourth forest jeep
parked there.

The idea was that we park these
four jeeps in such a way

that if a tiger
is still within this area

and he moves,
we'll surely see him.

We reached here, uh,
very close to, uh,

very close to the spot,
the moment we reached here

we saw the tiger come out
of behind this bush.

At that time,
there was some blood lying here

and a small part
of Rampal's skull.

He came, started sniffing
at the blood, licked it.

He looked up and we identified
him as T-24 right away.

There was a spot of blood
just here.

We actually, we drove the car
right up till here,

and we saw the T-24 come out,
when we first identified him.

- Yeah.
- He started snarling at us.

- So we drove back.
- Okay.

Aditya: And then he
came up here,

licked this blood,
started looking around here,

all around, uh,
for good about 20 minutes

till it became pretty dark.

[camera shutter clicks]

Man 3: He's smelling for the...

[camera shutter clicking]

[speaking Hindi]

[speaking Hindi]

[indistinct radio chatter]

[speaking Hindi]

[indistinct chatter]

[speaking Hindi]

[instrumental music]

[speaking Hindi]

[speaking Hindi]

This was a clear
stalk and hit.

Yeah, but tell me how
it's a clear stalk and hit.

Because a stalk and hit
is always from the back.

- Okay.
- An attack is from the front.

- Okay.
- Attack is from the front.

You mean
a chance-encounter attack.

Yeah, a chance-encounter
attack.

Defense attack will always be
from the front.

And an attack is noisy.

- Yeah.
- The tiger roars, screams.

- Yeah. Yeah.
- You know, it gets very loud.

Because
a chance-encounter attack

is basically the tiger's way
of telling you to get lost.

- Yeah.
- Or pushing you away from them.

- He's warning you.
- He's warning you.

- Yeah.
- This was silent.

Nobody heard it.

[instrumental music]

Warren: So here's what we know

about the May 8th, 2015,
attack.

At 6:00 p.m.,
forest guard Rampal Saini

goes into the forest alone

to verify a tiger
that was reported in the area.

He's 20 feet off the main road
into core tiger territory.

A tiger attacks Rampal.

This attack is either
a chance encounter

where the animal acted
in self-defense

or a stalk and hit

with the intention to kill
and eat Rampal.

Rampal falls to the ground,

and the tiger proceeds
to grab him by the neck.

Shankar Lal drives up
and slams his brakes

upon seeing the tiger.

The skidding of his car
causes the tiger to flee.

Forest guard Mundher rushes in

and drags bleeding Rampal
towards the road.

Forester Hukam Chand Meena
flags down a jeep.

They load Rampal into the jeep,
which speeds to the hospital

where Rampal
is pronounced dead.

The Forest Department,
along with Aditya Singh,

return to the scene
of the attack

at approximately 7 p.m.
to find a large male tiger

smelling and licking

the still-wet blood
of Rampal Saini.

They positively identify
this tiger as Tiger Number 24

and take photographic evidence
to confirm their findings.

They use this evidence
to conclude

that T-24 was the killer tiger.

See, a tiger sniffing blood
on the road

does not implicate him
as the murderer.

[instrumental music]

Warren: You remember
this bull kill

from the opening of the film

and how this was actually
Noor's kill, not T-24's?

Here's T-24 looking
for that same bull kill

the next morning.

This is the same behavior
that the Forest Department

used to implicate T-24

as the tiger that killed
Rampal Saini.

[instrumental music]

Look at T-24
devouring this kill.

See how he drags it
like it is his kill,

how he wants to pull it
deeper into the bush,

further punctuating
that this must be his kill.

But we know
that it was not his kill.

To definitively ID T-24
as Rampal's killer

would require identification
at the moment of the attack.

Virtually impossible,

given that
it was a hit and run.

Or resort to technology.

We have technology
which can help.

Why wasn't it established
through forensic means?

Warren: Forensics are part of
the NTCA guidelines

for identifying
man-eating tigers.

I support forensics,
but we are living

in a country called India.

We are living
in a forest department

where you haven't given
even a uniform

to the forest guard properly.

Where every little thing,
including their ration,

what they do in the day
or the night,

has a big problem
attached to it.

Where people like myself
have worked 40 years

on government committees
to solve these problems

and have been unsuccessful
because we live in a world

of babus and bureaucrats

who don't know
how to govern, okay?

They take a hundred years
to solve little problems.

They don't solve them
in the same day.

Do you think that we haven't
fought for forensics

in every region, so you have
a hundred forensic labs

that you can deal with,
or you have

little areas
within the park itself?

But these are,
this is like, you know, saying,

"Oh, this is gonna be a miracle
if it happens."

We can't get the first A-B-C-D
of the alphabet to happen.

So should the public think
that forensics can happen?

In a country like India have you
driven in traffic in Delhi?

- Yeah, it's crazy, yeah.
- You know what a rule is?

Valmik: What
is a traffic light?

Where is
the pedestrian crossing?

I mean, we give more and more
driving licenses.

Do you know that nobody takes
a test for a driving license?

Do you know that everybody out
there on the road is a killer?

Why don't the public at large

go and stop
the traffic regulations?

Why don't they say that
there should be safe traffic?

Do we do anything
in this country correctly?

And you want forensics
in a tiger forest?

Out there in boondocks?
Who's gonna bring it to you?

God?

So what you're saying is
ideally, yes--

Of course ideally yes.
Of course we...

I-- I've put it down
in recommendations 20 years ago,

but they don't come through.

[instrumental music]

This tiger, T-24, he did not
kill Rampal Saini.

It's not the tiger
which killed Rampal Saini.

It's the defunct system.

The law says that if you have
to translocate any animal,

specially if
it is a Schedule 1 animal

under the Wildlife
Protection Act,

Please seek the permission
of the Central Government,

which in this case would be

the National Tiger
Conservation Authority.

There was
no communication between

the chief wildlife warden
and the NTCA,

and I've confirmed that
personally.

Warren: If you were
the chief wildlife warden,

your field director, Sahu,
whoever it is,

says, "T-24 has killed
this guard.

We have determined this,"
you know,

"We want to move him,"
or whatever, you...

What is your move from there?
Do you call the NTCA?

- Do you write them a note?
- Yes.

Mehrotra: You cannot
shift an animal,

as per the NTCA guidelines,

without the abject approval
of the NTCA.

- You have to have it on paper.
Warren: Yeah.

In this particular case,

I'm told that the approval
was taken later on

after the tiger
was moved to, uh, the zoo.

NTCA has the mandate
to provide guidelines,

norms for tiger conservation.

So if you've created a certain
guideline for translocation,

for example, or to declare
a big cat as a man-eater,

then you're supposed to ensure

that the state governments
follow those guidelines,

follow those norms,
follow those protocols.

Unfortunately,
in this particular case,

none of that happened.

Warren: On May 28th, 2015,
Chandrabhal Singh

was set to present his case
to return T-24 to the wild.

[instrumental music]

The High Court
dismissed Chandrabhal's case.

They stated that
the removal of T-24

was "A decision
taken by Forest Officials

who are experts in wild life
and tiger management."

And was based on T-24's
successive killings,

Rampal Saini
being the fourth victim.

The High Court's dismissal
implied that T-24

was a man-eating tiger.

All the four incidents happened
in the core area of the forest,

and not a single incident

it happened
in the human settlement.

So how can we call
this tiger a man eater?

Woman 2: Him being taken out
of his territory

by wrongful and inconclusive
evidence is not correct.

Without him, his two cubs

are vulnerable to another
male tiger attack.

If T-24 is not there,

that puts Noor, T-39,
at a bigger risk.

I'm not worried about,
uh, you know, the cubs.

The first in the line of fire
is the T-39.

To defend her cub, she's gonna
be at the greater risk.

[instrumental music]

Warren: Okay, it's June 10th,
6:00 p.m.

Um, and it's raining, obviously.

Um, it's my first time
in Ranthambore

uh, without T-24 in the reserve,

and I'm a little concerned
that it's raining.

T-24's scent markings,

um, from his scent glands
and his urine sprays,

all those kinds of markings
are now going to lose any value

because of the rain.

They're gonna be
literally washed away.

And this is problematic
for T-39,

also known as Noor,
who is his mating partner,

um, and the two, the cubs
who are just over a year old,

because other males
are much more likely

to come into his territory now,

given that, um, his scent
has gone away.

[intense music]

Warren: The rain cleared,
and I located Gora,

now nearly his mother's size,
but clearly in distress

because he could not find her.

[music continues]

Gora's brother, Kalua,

was dealing
with the stress of tourists

blocking his path
and flashing their cameras

as he tried to cross the road

to return
to his parents' territory,

presumably also looking
for his mother, Noor,

and his father, T-24.

When I finally found Noor,

she seemed to be
intensively disturbed.

She appeared to be looking for
and calling for T-24,

but did not get a call back.

[roaring]

[music continues]

[music continues]

[Noor roaring]

After weeks of looking,

she encounters a male
inside T-24's territory.

But it is not her king.

It is a new male, T-57.

And once he locked in on her,

he stayed on her relentlessly.

Eventually, Noor submits
to the new male.

[growling]

[music continues]

The cubs flee up north,
never to be seen again.

T-57 has now taken over
T-24's territory

and his mating partner.

[music continues]

[traffic bustling]

[children laughing]

[indistinct chatter]

[speaking Hindi]

[woman wailing]

[speaking Hindi]

[wailing continues]

[wailing]

Warren: Her name...

- Her name is Dholi Bai.
Warren: Dholi Bai.

Dholi means...

Dholi means white.

[indistinct yelling]

[speaking Hindi]

[traffic bustling]

Warren: On June 16th, 2015,

the National Tiger
Conservation Authority

issues an appraisal report
on the removal of T-24

from Ranthambore Tiger Reserve.

Chandrabhal: "There were
considerable time periods

between the attacks
involving T-24

on human beings
in its territory.

However, for the rest
of the period over the year,

the said tiger was living

on a natural-prey base
in the territory.

It may also be observed
that in all the incidences,

the human being
went very close to the tiger

in-- in-- in its territory,

paving way
for chance encounters

within the fight-or-flight
distance of the animal."

So this report categorically
and clearly says

that this tiger
was not a man eater.

In Ranthambore,
T-24 was a man eater.

Just the fact that he had eaten
one body nearly completely,

he is a man eater.

And anyone from NTCA
or NTCA's parent organization,

or the ministry, or anyone
in the Forest Department,

or anyone from anywhere
who says different,

has no knowledge about tigers.

I'm not prepared to discuss it
further in terms of the fact

that I don't waste my time on
people who don't have knowledge,

whether they are in government
or out of government.

It would be ridiculous for
anyone to come to Ranthambore

from any part and say
that T-24 was not a man eater,

because that person
has not done his homework

and shouldn't be in the job
that they are in.

These are advisories,
they wake up in the morning

and write advisories.

No state government will allow
the federal government

to rule them on this.

Looking after tigers
is a state subject.

They transfer
the forest officers,

they manage the parks,
they take on all the problems.

They're not going to listen
to little paper tigers

that are sent by the NTCA.

See, I-- I don't know
enough science about tigers,

but I think if science
still allows the ti-- tiger

to be rehabilitated
in an alternative habitat

because the law says
alternative suitable habitat,

which is definitely not a zoo.

If-- if science can still permit
the tiger

to roam around freely
in a suitable habitat,

whether it is back to
Ranthambore or portions of it,

or adjoining it,
I think it should go... still.

And I think the NTCA
is well within their right

to convince them
that that's a better option

for the life of the tiger,
rather than keeping them in zoo.

And I have full faith in the
judiciary that sooner or later,

the voice of this animal
will be heard.

Warren: Armed
with the new information

from the NTCA report,

Chandrabhal Singh
refiled his case

to return T-24 to the wild.

To make your own judgment
on T-24,

you have to go back
to his previous attacks

and to the 2009 treatment
of his paw injury.

[indistinct chatter]

In April 2009,
T-24 was seen limping

due to a festering
puncture wound from a thorn.

He was tranquilized
for treatment in the wild.

The injured paw was cleaned

and antibiotics
were administered.

Ice blocks were used to manage
the inflammation.

While unconscious,
a radio collar was attached

so that T-24
could be monitored.

[indistinct chatter]

[T-24 growling softly]

I'm convinced that T-24's
dangerous attitude

towards human beings
started with that first incident

of a badly managed
radio-collaring operation.

I've watched radio collaring
in my life.

I've seen tigers
being radio collared,

but in half an hour
they're up and gone.

This was ridiculous.

- And therefore...
- It was two days.

The two days
somebody should have been

held accountable and answerable.

- Well, he had the paw thing.
- Why?

They argue that
he would have died.

Would've been... Would it have
been better for the--

Let him-- let him die.
It's not your business.

You're not playing God
to the tiger.

We are not God to the tiger.
We are just human beings.

We are observers
of a natural world

which we know so much about.

I've spent 40 years
watching tigers,

I've probably seen more tigers
and spent more time with tigers

than anyone today in the world,
but I'm still learning.

Whereas all these new young
scientists and forest officers

who are posted
think that they know the answer.

You never know the answer.

You have to have the humility
to understand an animal

and the humility not to
interfere in it and let it be.

- Yeah. Right.
- If it has to die, it will die.

And another will come
in its place.

That's what the natural world
is about.

- Okay.
- Let's not interfere with it.

So they interfered
with the natural world.

Warren: Dr. Rajeev Garg
believes

that his 48-hour treatment
of T-24's paw injury

had nothing to do
with T-24's attacks on humans.

Instead, Garg insists that T-24

had lost his fear of humans

due to their invasion
into his territory.

Would you call him
a man eater or a--

Warren: Okay.

Okay.

Warren: Ghamandi? Yes.

Warren: Yes.

Warren: Yeah.
The animal attacked Ghamandi.

[intense music]

Warren: Okay.

[music continues]

Warren: Right.

[music continues]

Warren: Okay.

Warren: Right.

Warren: Yeah. Yeah.

Okay. So you saw T-24
on Ghamandi's body?

Yeah.

Warren: Grandmother.
Man 2: Yes.

Warren: Grandmother.

- Your mother? Okay.
- Ah, yeah, mother.

Hello. Hello.
Hello, how are you?

[speaking Hindi]

Okay, okay, okay.

[speaking Hindi]

Ghamandi's brother.
Hi, nice to meet you.

Nice to meet you.

[indistinct chatter]

[speaking Hindi]

How are you? Mm.

[speaking Hindi]

[intense music]

[speaking Hindi]

[music continues]

Warren: This is the main road
at 6:00 a.m.

Behind the wall
you see on the left

is the edge of T-24's
territory.

Just inside
and outside the wall,

villagers wash
and relieve themselves.

To defecate, they go in deeper
into the core

with bottles of water
to clean themselves after.

This is illegal and dangerous,

but most days
they will not see a tiger,

let alone
have a deadly encounter.

According to Ghamandi's father,

this is exactly
what his son was doing

the morning he was killed
by T-24.

[music continues]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

Legally, the Forest Department
was not obligated

to provide any compensation
to Ghamandi's family

because he invaded
core tiger territory.

The $2000 compensation
was likely a goodwill gesture

because following the attack,
Ghamandi's family and friends

came close to mob violence.

Surprise...

Warren: Okay.

[intense music]

[music continues]

[indistinct radio chatter]

[indistinct chatter]

[birds calling]

So what probably happened
is he came down here,

the tiger was here,
and then the argument is,

why did the tiger attack, right?

So it could be, yes,
this is a man-eating tiger.

This was a great opportunity.

Or, two, that the tiger
was surprised

and this was
like a chance encounter

and that's why he was killed.

Ashfaq was supposedly down here

because the wood that's down
here is better wood for cutting,

and because there's, like,
you know, Ficus leaves.

That's-- that's
the official report.

Okay, now if you look
over there,

there's actually--
there's actually some locals.

[speaking Hindi]

Okay, the-- the guard is getting
really frustrated with me,

but I just want to, like,
see what these guys did.

[speaking Hindi]

[intense music]

[speaking Hindi]

[speaking Hindi]

So-- so this is-- this is,
um, the leaves

that-- that Ashfaq was, was
going to get for these goats.

[speaking Hindi]

[speaking Hindi]

I just came from the village
down over here.

Uh, this is where Ashfaq
used to live

and now right behind me,
there's-- there's

grazing cattle coming down
along with the cattle herders.

They're right up over there,
the guy's wearing a red shirt

and the yellow shirt,
they're-- they're coming down.

And you can see that
this invasion

into the core
is still happening.

This is the sort of the,
the edge of the core,

because from here, it's this
village right after that.

And this is just the reality
right now of Ranthambore.

There isn't this sort of
ideal situation

where there's this core,
then there's this buffer,

and then, after that,
there's the village.

In many areas, there's core,
and then there's village.

[speaking Hindi]

Beyond all the need
for livelihood, beyond all,

you know, "I gotta collect wood
for, you know, my family

and leaves for my goats and all
that," it's-- it's kind of fun.

I mean, it's actually kind of
fun to-- to... It's freedom.

You know, I mean, it's-- it's
just was fun for me

to go up this hill
and sit over here.

It's just kind of a cool place
to hang out.

That's probably
how this happened, you know?

Um, you know, if I'm Ashfaq,
I'm-- I'm do...

Every day, I'm going here for
a walk, I'm enjoying myself,

I'm-- I'm picking up leaves
for my goats,

I'm-- I'm cutting wood,
and this is what I do.

I see a tiger or a leopard
every once in a while

really far away,
and then, one day,

I run right into one,
and I get killed.

[intense music]

[speaking Hindi]

[indistinct chatter]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

[tiger growls]

[music continues]

[music continues]

[men screaming]

[music continues]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

[men shouting]

[jeep horns honking]

[music continues]

[speaking Hindi]

[jeep horns honking]

[intense music]

[music continues]

[indistinct chatter]

[speaking Hindi]

[music continues]

[tiger growls]

Warren: If a pilgrim
was killed, the potential

for a riot
would have been there.

Warren: Even, like, poisoning in
retaliation or something like--

Warren: Villagers have been
known to poison tigers,

burn the forest and
the Forest Department quarters

when they sense
that the Forest Department

has not protected them
from tiger attacks.

[music continues]

[insects chirping]

[indistinct chatter]

[indistinct chatter]

[T-24 growls softly]

[intense music]

Warren: Although T-24's surgery
was successful,

his intestinal blockage
became a chronic issue.

I believe that it's 100%
due to the claustrophobic

and the constricted area

to which the tiger
has been confined.

That is causing all this.
Tiger is a-- is an animal...

Warren: Causing
the stomach problem?

Causing the stomach problem.

[instrumental music]

[music continues]

Warren: Over the next
two years, Chandrabhal Singh

continues to fight for T-24
through the legal system.

[tiger growls]

On May 28th, 2017,

after his review petition
gets dismissed,

he calls it quits.

[instrumental music]

Meanwhile, back in Ranthambore,

T-57 continues to rule over
T-24's territory

and over
his mating partner, Noor.

Through T-57,
Noor produces three cubs.

Life has moved on
in Ranthambore without T-24.

Right. One hectare in this case.

Yeah.

Warren: Right.

T-24 as one of the tigers
that I love,

but I love all tigers.

Once he started killing
human beings,

then he became a threat
to his own species.

Now, to protect the species,
with a heavy heart,

we had to agree
that we had to send him away.

It doesn't mean
that I stopped loving him.

And T-24 is one of the most
beautiful specimens

of a male tiger.

Valmik: I mean, I may partly
be in love with T-24.

I've loved my moments with him,

but I also know
that you have to manage a park,

that you have to find a way
to deal with local people

and their problems,
forest guards who don't want

to patrol
because of this animal.

No. No.

Right.

Warren: So maybe there is
no good guy

or bad guy
in this T-24 tragedy.

Maybe that's life.

Maybe if you look deep enough,
there's dirt on everyone.

Each side cares about T-24,

but each side
wants to tear the other down.

Was T-24 a man eater?

That will always be
up for debate.

But there is no debate
that all the attacks

occurred within his territory
inside the core area,

which is designated
sacred space for tigers by law.

T-24 was ultimately removed

because the core area of tiger
reserves are compromised,

and these small
remaining wild areas

where tigers survive
are managed by departments

that must strike a balance
between the tiger's needs,

the needs of the forest staff,

their families,
and the villagers.

In order to prevent conflict
between tigers and humans,

we must provide safe solutions
for villagers

entering the little
remaining tiger habitat

while empowering forest staff

with safer
patrolling protocols.

Without these changes,

attacks on humans
will increase.

And with that,
an increasing number of tigers

will be removed from the wild
and put in zoos.

And this is a tragedy
for future generations

because there's nothing quite
as beautiful, inspirational,

and important
as a tiger in the wild.

[instrumental music]

[music continues]

People travel from all over
the world to India

to see the last wild tigers.

They admire them
and photograph them

as they would works of art.

To take tigers
away from the wild

will be to take a piece
of inspiration

away from the world.

[music continues]

To thrive, wild tigers
require large forest expanses.

This means that saving tigers
also saves the forests,

which in turn
fights climate change,

curbs soil erosion,
purifies water,

and maintains
species diversity.

[music continues]

[trumpeting]

[music continues]

If we can give tigers
a sacred place in the world,

we can make the world
a better place for all species,

including mankind.

[music continues]

[solemn piano music]