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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,340 --> 00:00:05,340 (dramatic music) (static hissing) 2 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 3 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 4 00:00:08,130 --> 00:00:11,220 (speaking in French) 5 00:00:17,120 --> 00:00:21,040 (speaking in foreign language) 6 00:00:38,690 --> 00:00:41,660 - [Paul Moreira] The French president has just been elected. 7 00:00:41,660 --> 00:00:44,680 He's hosting the Russian president for the first time. 8 00:00:47,820 --> 00:00:50,820 And the event is tainted with suspicion. 9 00:00:53,900 --> 00:00:57,440 (camera shutters snapping) 10 00:00:57,440 --> 00:01:01,360 (speaking in foreign language) 11 00:01:53,520 --> 00:01:55,960 (dramatic music) 12 00:01:55,960 --> 00:01:58,440 - [Paul Moreira] It's a world war of a new kind 13 00:01:58,440 --> 00:02:01,010 with no guns and no bombs. 14 00:02:01,010 --> 00:02:05,700 On one side, the West is seeing Russia as a rising threat. 15 00:02:05,700 --> 00:02:08,480 (crowd cheering) 16 00:02:08,480 --> 00:02:11,980 On the other, Russia has lost half of its territory 17 00:02:11,980 --> 00:02:15,700 since the collapse of the Soviet Union and feels attacked. 18 00:02:19,100 --> 00:02:23,020 (speaking in foreign language) 19 00:02:32,620 --> 00:02:34,610 - You are fighting for your country. 20 00:02:34,610 --> 00:02:37,070 You are responsible for your country. 21 00:02:37,070 --> 00:02:41,970 So from this point of view, all the ideas or means 22 00:02:41,970 --> 00:02:44,710 or possibilities are welcome. 23 00:02:46,970 --> 00:02:50,580 - [Paul Moreira] The Russians are fighting with new weapons. 24 00:02:50,580 --> 00:02:53,660 (speaking in German) 25 00:02:58,880 --> 00:03:01,080 - [Paul Moreira] They fuel influence peddlers 26 00:03:01,080 --> 00:03:04,050 in European political parties. 27 00:03:04,050 --> 00:03:07,970 (speaking in foreign language) 28 00:03:38,390 --> 00:03:39,700 - [Paul Moreira] During the elections, 29 00:03:39,700 --> 00:03:42,600 trolls were very active online. 30 00:03:44,660 --> 00:03:48,580 (speaking in foreign language) 31 00:03:50,510 --> 00:03:53,670 - [Paul Moreira] And they even hired Yosemite Sam. 32 00:03:53,670 --> 00:03:54,830 (gunshots resounding) 33 00:03:54,830 --> 00:03:59,820 - You can't put together rubles with a political ad 34 00:03:59,820 --> 00:04:03,390 and go like, hm, those two data points 35 00:04:03,390 --> 00:04:05,300 spell out something bad. 36 00:04:05,300 --> 00:04:10,300 - Senator, it's a signal we should have been alert to. 37 00:04:10,460 --> 00:04:12,280 - Yeah. (groans) 38 00:04:12,280 --> 00:04:14,440 - [Paul Moreira] It's hard to bring out proofs 39 00:04:14,440 --> 00:04:17,550 as this army knows how to cover up its tracks. 40 00:04:17,550 --> 00:04:21,460 (speaking in foreign language) 41 00:04:41,480 --> 00:04:43,930 - [Paul Moreira] Well, it's not going to be easy. 42 00:04:56,270 --> 00:04:59,020 (dramatic music) 43 00:05:00,970 --> 00:05:03,350 (wings flapping) 44 00:05:03,350 --> 00:05:07,830 In March, 2017 Russian President Vladimir Putin 45 00:05:07,830 --> 00:05:11,130 hosts an official meeting with Marine Le Pen, 46 00:05:11,130 --> 00:05:13,650 the National Front candidate at the Kremlin. 47 00:05:19,060 --> 00:05:21,660 In six weeks, Marine Le Pen would come up 48 00:05:21,660 --> 00:05:22,860 against Emmanuel Macron. 49 00:05:25,260 --> 00:05:27,260 This handshake is historical. 50 00:05:27,260 --> 00:05:30,710 It confers on Le Pen a presidential status. 51 00:05:35,320 --> 00:05:39,240 (speaking in foreign language) 52 00:05:46,930 --> 00:05:48,880 - [Paul Moreira] There it is for the cameras. 53 00:05:48,880 --> 00:05:52,240 Vladimir Putin doesn't meddle with French politics. 54 00:05:56,490 --> 00:05:59,170 The man who's worked the most towards an alliance 55 00:05:59,170 --> 00:06:01,390 between the National Front and Russia 56 00:06:01,390 --> 00:06:02,770 is Aymeric Chauprade. 57 00:06:04,640 --> 00:06:07,640 He was the most influential foreign advisor 58 00:06:07,640 --> 00:06:09,300 to Marine Le Pen. 59 00:06:09,300 --> 00:06:13,200 He was nicknamed the National Front foreign minister. 60 00:06:13,200 --> 00:06:16,310 Then he left the National Front, but he's still a member 61 00:06:16,310 --> 00:06:17,940 of the European Parliament. 62 00:06:26,880 --> 00:06:30,800 (speaking in foreign language) 63 00:06:50,120 --> 00:06:52,540 - [Paul Moreira] The National Front and the Kremlin 64 00:06:52,540 --> 00:06:57,050 have in common their hostility towards the European Union. 65 00:06:57,050 --> 00:07:00,440 (crowd chanting in foreign language) 66 00:07:00,440 --> 00:07:05,440 (fanfare music) (crowd cheering) 67 00:07:08,810 --> 00:07:12,730 (speaking in foreign language) 68 00:07:26,080 --> 00:07:28,830 (crowd cheering) 69 00:07:31,520 --> 00:07:33,130 - [Paul Moreira] And the National Front voters 70 00:07:33,130 --> 00:07:36,190 are often avid admirers of Vladimir Putin. 71 00:07:37,910 --> 00:07:41,830 (speaking in foreign language) 72 00:08:28,580 --> 00:08:30,410 - [Paul Moreira] Among the National Front voters 73 00:08:30,410 --> 00:08:33,580 quite a few are under the influence of the Russian Media, 74 00:08:33,580 --> 00:08:36,200 Russia Today and Sputnik. 75 00:08:36,200 --> 00:08:40,110 (speaking in foreign language) 76 00:08:53,030 --> 00:08:55,270 - [Paul Moreira] RT and Sputnik reach few viewers 77 00:08:55,270 --> 00:08:58,240 within the general public, but the French president 78 00:08:58,240 --> 00:09:00,780 sees them as worrying nevertheless. 79 00:09:02,090 --> 00:09:06,010 (speaking in foreign language) 80 00:09:09,980 --> 00:09:11,710 (paper folding) (bells ringing) 81 00:09:11,710 --> 00:09:14,330 (zipper zipping) (motor roaring) 82 00:09:14,330 --> 00:09:17,000 - [Paul Moreira] Who's behind Russia Today and Sputnik? 83 00:09:17,000 --> 00:09:19,230 Their headquarters are in Moscow 84 00:09:19,230 --> 00:09:20,950 and they've agreed to let us in. 85 00:09:23,460 --> 00:09:27,670 Russia Today is a TV channel, Sputnik is a website. 86 00:09:27,670 --> 00:09:29,980 They're both accessible on the internet. 87 00:09:31,530 --> 00:09:35,350 Their budget is comparable to that of Western channels. 88 00:09:35,350 --> 00:09:39,190 More than 300 journalists in every language. 89 00:09:39,190 --> 00:09:43,840 They opened a channel in Paris in December, 2017. 90 00:09:43,840 --> 00:09:47,990 Their promise, to tell the untold and to question more. 91 00:09:50,980 --> 00:09:55,890 (TV news theme music) Today in their breaking news, 92 00:09:55,890 --> 00:09:58,540 a new development in the information war. 93 00:10:01,000 --> 00:10:02,960 It's unfolding in Washington during 94 00:10:02,960 --> 00:10:06,140 the Russian foreign affair minister's visit to the USA. 95 00:10:07,000 --> 00:10:10,170 (western music) 96 00:10:10,170 --> 00:10:11,900 - In your meeting with President Trump 97 00:10:11,900 --> 00:10:14,610 did he raise US concerns about 98 00:10:14,610 --> 00:10:16,690 Russian interference in the US elections? 99 00:10:16,690 --> 00:10:17,520 - [Journalist] As you know, 100 00:10:17,520 --> 00:10:19,240 we've seen the US intelligence agencies 101 00:10:19,240 --> 00:10:21,910 accuse Russia of interfering in the elections. 102 00:10:23,280 --> 00:10:24,860 - [Journalist] Did Mr. Trump raise the question 103 00:10:24,860 --> 00:10:27,620 of Russian interference in the US elections? 104 00:10:27,620 --> 00:10:28,450 (speaking in foreign language) 105 00:10:28,450 --> 00:10:29,940 - [Translator] I just said that President Trump 106 00:10:29,940 --> 00:10:33,120 has stated publicly that these are all false stories. 107 00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:37,470 Please do give us at least one fact and then we can react. 108 00:10:37,470 --> 00:10:40,220 (dramatic music) 109 00:10:43,850 --> 00:10:46,920 - [Paul Moreira] The global director of RT and Sputnik 110 00:10:46,920 --> 00:10:51,270 is Margarita Simonyan, a young, very powerful journalist. 111 00:10:52,150 --> 00:10:54,360 In the network, her nickname is M. 112 00:10:56,950 --> 00:10:59,980 She was trained in the US and is experienced 113 00:10:59,980 --> 00:11:03,600 in all styles of modern media, including satire. 114 00:11:05,510 --> 00:11:09,430 (speaking in foreign language) 115 00:11:39,490 --> 00:11:43,490 - [Paul Moreira] Vladimir Putin created RT in 2005. 116 00:11:43,490 --> 00:11:46,590 (audience applauding) 10 years later he triumphs. 117 00:11:48,840 --> 00:11:52,750 (speaking in foreign language) 118 00:11:55,470 --> 00:11:58,850 (audience applauding) 119 00:11:58,850 --> 00:12:02,770 (speaking in foreign language) 120 00:12:07,020 --> 00:12:10,180 (audience applauding) 121 00:12:21,940 --> 00:12:23,620 - [Paul Moreira] You celebrate the critical spirit, 122 00:12:23,620 --> 00:12:25,250 the freedom of expression. 123 00:12:25,250 --> 00:12:28,890 Could you be as critical against the Russian government 124 00:12:28,890 --> 00:12:30,290 or against the Russian president? 125 00:12:30,290 --> 00:12:34,210 (speaking in foreign language) 126 00:13:00,760 --> 00:13:02,080 - [Paul Moreira] When the President Putin 127 00:13:02,080 --> 00:13:04,650 created this channel, what was the idea, 128 00:13:04,650 --> 00:13:06,910 the mission that was given to you? 129 00:13:06,910 --> 00:13:10,820 (speaking in foreign language) 130 00:13:28,770 --> 00:13:31,680 - [Paul Moreira] We have a hard time understanding 131 00:13:31,680 --> 00:13:35,540 each other because I thought that Russia Today, RT, 132 00:13:35,540 --> 00:13:38,940 had an identity like telling the untold. 133 00:13:38,940 --> 00:13:41,450 That's what you sell, and it's written everywhere 134 00:13:41,450 --> 00:13:43,250 so actually it's just marketing. 135 00:13:43,250 --> 00:13:45,610 It doesn't mean a thing, right? 136 00:13:45,610 --> 00:13:49,530 (speaking in foreign language) 137 00:14:02,520 --> 00:14:05,060 - [Paul Moreira] Question more is RT's motto, 138 00:14:05,060 --> 00:14:07,270 but it is dangerous to question too much 139 00:14:07,270 --> 00:14:08,720 for a journalist in Russia. 140 00:14:11,300 --> 00:14:15,050 Alexey Kungurov, for example, an independent blogger 141 00:14:15,050 --> 00:14:17,330 was sentenced to two years in prison 142 00:14:17,330 --> 00:14:19,320 for having questioned the targets 143 00:14:19,320 --> 00:14:21,380 of the Russian bombings in Syria. 144 00:14:22,650 --> 00:14:26,090 Mr. Alexey Kungurov detained in Russia 145 00:14:26,090 --> 00:14:31,090 is something that you could cover in RT and Sputnik? 146 00:14:32,030 --> 00:14:36,490 (speaking in foreign language) 147 00:14:36,490 --> 00:14:38,330 - [Paul Moreira] This is what RT published 148 00:14:38,330 --> 00:14:40,400 on the imprisoned Russian blogger. 149 00:14:40,400 --> 00:14:43,340 A very short dispatch only in Russian. 150 00:14:43,340 --> 00:14:45,280 No international versions. 151 00:14:48,350 --> 00:14:52,270 (speaking in foreign language) 152 00:15:06,440 --> 00:15:08,070 - [Paul Moreira] I don't think there's any blogger 153 00:15:08,070 --> 00:15:13,070 in jail in the UK. (speaking in foreign language) 154 00:15:13,740 --> 00:15:15,770 - [Paul Moreira] There are bloggers in jail in the UK? 155 00:15:15,770 --> 00:15:18,500 (speaking in foreign language) Like, you have one name? 156 00:15:18,500 --> 00:15:23,500 You have one name? (speaking in foreign language) 157 00:15:25,460 --> 00:15:27,520 - [Paul Moreira] Of bloggers who are actually detained 158 00:15:27,520 --> 00:15:29,240 in British jails? - Yeah, British jails. 159 00:15:31,060 --> 00:15:33,540 - [Paul Moreira] After we left, Margarita sent us an email 160 00:15:33,540 --> 00:15:36,230 with around 10 names of young Brits. 161 00:15:36,230 --> 00:15:40,140 (speaking in foreign language) 162 00:15:56,240 --> 00:15:57,440 - [Paul Moreira] We've checked the list. 163 00:15:57,440 --> 00:15:59,010 They're not really bloggers. 164 00:15:59,010 --> 00:16:01,920 They're people punished for having organized riots, 165 00:16:01,920 --> 00:16:06,000 incited racial hatred, arrest, threatened with rape, 166 00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:10,100 celebrated murders on Facebook or Twitter. 167 00:16:10,100 --> 00:16:13,160 And no press coverage whatsoever, well, 168 00:16:13,160 --> 00:16:17,320 apart from the BBC, The Guardian, The Mail on Sunday, 169 00:16:17,320 --> 00:16:19,430 The Telegraph, The Independent, 170 00:16:19,430 --> 00:16:22,010 basically the whole national press 171 00:16:22,010 --> 00:16:24,840 and most of the local newspapers, too. 172 00:16:24,840 --> 00:16:26,960 (dramatic music) 173 00:16:26,960 --> 00:16:29,810 Welcome to the alternative truth. 174 00:16:30,820 --> 00:16:34,810 Alexey Kovalev formally worked for Russian state media. 175 00:16:34,810 --> 00:16:37,400 He was fired by Margarita Simonyan. 176 00:16:37,400 --> 00:16:40,990 Ever since, he's been working for an independent newspaper. 177 00:16:42,320 --> 00:16:44,980 - Russia doesn't really have an ideology to offer. 178 00:16:44,980 --> 00:16:48,480 It doesn't have a concise, a cohering ideology 179 00:16:48,480 --> 00:16:50,420 like the Soviet Union did. 180 00:16:51,470 --> 00:16:53,210 So what is it offering is instead 181 00:16:53,210 --> 00:16:54,340 due to these marginalized group 182 00:16:54,340 --> 00:16:57,250 in the extreme left and right is that guys, 183 00:16:57,250 --> 00:17:00,230 you are vilified by the establishment, 184 00:17:00,230 --> 00:17:01,490 by the mainstream media. 185 00:17:01,490 --> 00:17:04,540 It's a psychological effect. 186 00:17:04,540 --> 00:17:06,670 It's called the hostile media effect. 187 00:17:08,300 --> 00:17:09,520 - [Paul Moreira] There's an information war. 188 00:17:09,520 --> 00:17:12,940 Are you the main weapon for Russia in this war? 189 00:17:12,940 --> 00:17:16,860 (speaking in foreign language) 190 00:17:24,840 --> 00:17:27,390 (dramatic music) 191 00:17:27,390 --> 00:17:30,110 (festive music) (crowd cheering) 192 00:17:30,110 --> 00:17:32,120 - [Paul Moreira] In France, Emmanuel Macron's 193 00:17:32,120 --> 00:17:36,460 campaign meetings sometimes look like a mass karaoke. 194 00:17:36,460 --> 00:17:39,130 (crowd singing) 195 00:17:46,830 --> 00:17:49,170 But there's one man who isn't singing. 196 00:17:49,170 --> 00:17:51,820 In a few weeks he'll be minister. 197 00:17:51,820 --> 00:17:55,840 But for now, Mounir Mahjoubi's job is to keep his head down 198 00:17:55,840 --> 00:18:00,840 and focus on his smartphone. (speaking in foreign language) 199 00:18:15,740 --> 00:18:17,710 - [Paul Moreira] Mounir is keeping a very close eye 200 00:18:17,710 --> 00:18:19,560 on the Russian media. 201 00:18:19,560 --> 00:18:22,780 During Macron's campaign an outrageous article 202 00:18:22,780 --> 00:18:26,120 has been published on Sputnik's English website. 203 00:18:26,120 --> 00:18:30,310 The future French president could be an American agent. 204 00:18:30,310 --> 00:18:32,220 An agent for the banks. 205 00:18:32,220 --> 00:18:34,840 And the article hints with perfidy, 206 00:18:34,840 --> 00:18:38,840 Macron is supported by a wealthy gay lobby group. 207 00:18:38,840 --> 00:18:39,750 That says it all. 208 00:18:49,670 --> 00:18:53,590 (speaking in foreign language) 209 00:19:29,160 --> 00:19:30,830 - [Paul Moreira] We wanted to trace the rumor 210 00:19:30,830 --> 00:19:32,350 back to its root. 211 00:19:32,350 --> 00:19:37,350 Macron an American agent, or how a fake news is created. 212 00:19:38,910 --> 00:19:40,140 One of the reasons why 213 00:19:40,140 --> 00:19:42,910 we got this feeling about you being more aggressive 214 00:19:42,910 --> 00:19:46,320 towards Mr. Macron than towards Ms. Le Pen 215 00:19:46,320 --> 00:19:48,480 is like articles like this one. 216 00:19:49,610 --> 00:19:53,020 (speaking in foreign language) 217 00:19:53,020 --> 00:19:54,780 - A lot of controversy in France. 218 00:19:54,780 --> 00:19:58,700 (speaking in foreign language) 219 00:20:13,100 --> 00:20:14,980 (dramatic music) 220 00:20:14,980 --> 00:20:17,540 - They are perfectly aware of the attention, 221 00:20:17,540 --> 00:20:19,040 all the attention they are getting 222 00:20:19,040 --> 00:20:21,410 so they just cannot afford to do any fake news. 223 00:20:21,410 --> 00:20:23,090 If you look at the way they are operating, 224 00:20:23,090 --> 00:20:26,750 they will always use domestic French sources. 225 00:20:26,750 --> 00:20:29,720 So they'll quote a French politician 226 00:20:29,720 --> 00:20:31,930 or a French journalist who is saying 227 00:20:31,930 --> 00:20:35,370 that Macron is a shill for the Rothschilds, etc, etc. 228 00:20:35,370 --> 00:20:37,820 They'll never make a point of their own. 229 00:20:40,700 --> 00:20:42,160 - [Paul Moreira] In this case the article 230 00:20:42,160 --> 00:20:44,780 was based exclusively on the accusation 231 00:20:44,780 --> 00:20:48,280 of a pro-Russian French Right member of Parliament 232 00:20:48,280 --> 00:20:53,280 Nicolas Dhuicq. (speaking in foreign language) 233 00:21:09,420 --> 00:21:11,980 - [Paul Moreira] We spotted Benjamin on the internet. 234 00:21:11,980 --> 00:21:15,550 He's part of a community which often shares Russian news 235 00:21:15,550 --> 00:21:17,350 on social media. 236 00:21:17,350 --> 00:21:20,930 Benjamin doesn't believe what he sees on TV anymore. 237 00:21:20,930 --> 00:21:24,840 (speaking in foreign language) 238 00:22:05,680 --> 00:22:07,590 - That added another problem that RT 239 00:22:07,590 --> 00:22:10,390 and its sister websites like Sputnik are exploiting. 240 00:22:10,390 --> 00:22:14,470 The growing mistrust in the media in general. 241 00:22:14,470 --> 00:22:19,410 So the left believed that Russia is 242 00:22:20,360 --> 00:22:24,930 fighting against the global financial domination 243 00:22:24,930 --> 00:22:26,900 by banks and everything. 244 00:22:26,900 --> 00:22:31,170 Although this is something that they 245 00:22:31,170 --> 00:22:33,200 are probably blissfully unaware, 246 00:22:33,200 --> 00:22:35,240 but Russia, of all the developed countries 247 00:22:35,240 --> 00:22:39,580 Russia has the biggest financial inequality. 248 00:22:39,580 --> 00:22:42,830 Like 10% of Russian citizens 249 00:22:42,830 --> 00:22:45,870 own 87% of all the national wealth. 250 00:22:45,870 --> 00:22:47,260 That is the deepest gap 251 00:22:47,260 --> 00:22:50,250 among all the industrialized countries in the West. 252 00:22:55,800 --> 00:22:57,820 - [Paul Moreira] To French President Macron, 253 00:22:57,820 --> 00:23:00,140 the Russian media has quickly become synonymous 254 00:23:00,140 --> 00:23:05,070 with fake news. (speaking in foreign language) 255 00:23:11,990 --> 00:23:14,530 - [Paul Moreira] Actually, the reality is more nuanced. 256 00:23:14,530 --> 00:23:17,730 There have been fewer actual lies than first believed. 257 00:23:19,430 --> 00:23:23,340 (speaking in foreign language) 258 00:24:07,720 --> 00:24:11,210 - If you take in all logic what is published 259 00:24:11,210 --> 00:24:14,390 and what is broadcast, you do have the feeling 260 00:24:14,390 --> 00:24:15,720 that there's a political choice. 261 00:24:15,720 --> 00:24:19,640 (speaking in foreign language) 262 00:24:26,930 --> 00:24:29,680 (dramatic music) 263 00:24:32,340 --> 00:24:35,670 - [Paul Moreira] On April the 28th full war is declared. 264 00:24:35,670 --> 00:24:38,380 Russia Today and Sputnik are denied access 265 00:24:38,380 --> 00:24:40,630 to Emmanuel Macron's meetings. 266 00:24:42,560 --> 00:24:46,470 (speaking in foreign language) 267 00:24:57,650 --> 00:24:59,450 - [Paul Moreira] RT and Sputnik fight back 268 00:24:59,450 --> 00:25:01,270 by showing their banned journalists 269 00:25:01,270 --> 00:25:04,510 on their worldwide channels in all languages. 270 00:25:04,510 --> 00:25:08,790 - And the U.K. (speaking in foreign language) 271 00:25:08,790 --> 00:25:10,660 - For RT International. 272 00:25:10,660 --> 00:25:14,570 (speaking in foreign language) 273 00:25:15,580 --> 00:25:20,170 - So I'm sorry, but you are not on our lists. 274 00:25:20,170 --> 00:25:22,160 (speaking in foreign language) 275 00:25:22,160 --> 00:25:23,910 - [Journalist] You looked up the channel on the internet 276 00:25:23,910 --> 00:25:26,360 didn't you and you denied me based on that, why? 277 00:25:26,360 --> 00:25:27,190 - No. 278 00:25:27,190 --> 00:25:28,180 - [Paul Moreira] Macron's campaign 279 00:25:28,180 --> 00:25:30,170 has boosted Russian propaganda. 280 00:25:30,170 --> 00:25:33,110 RT and Sputnik are only the public faces 281 00:25:33,110 --> 00:25:35,150 of Russia's soft power machine. 282 00:25:39,350 --> 00:25:44,060 The 2016 and 2017 elections would reveal 283 00:25:44,060 --> 00:25:46,010 that there are new players in the game. 284 00:25:51,880 --> 00:25:55,030 They were active in the US during Trump's campaign 285 00:25:55,030 --> 00:25:57,190 and also in France and Germany. 286 00:25:57,190 --> 00:26:02,190 They're taken very seriously. (speaking in foreign language) 287 00:26:17,850 --> 00:26:20,270 - [Paul Moreira] New words for a new world. 288 00:26:20,270 --> 00:26:23,590 These new warriors invade the virtual space 289 00:26:23,590 --> 00:26:25,520 where we now spend half of our time. 290 00:26:29,360 --> 00:26:33,630 Troll, an agent of influence on social networks. 291 00:26:33,630 --> 00:26:36,420 Fake news, formally known as lies. 292 00:26:36,420 --> 00:26:39,530 Hacker, cyber pirate who hijacks data. 293 00:26:43,560 --> 00:26:47,460 Meme, slick slogan that goes viral on social media. 294 00:26:53,070 --> 00:26:57,640 In 2016 a young Russian half woman half troll 295 00:26:57,640 --> 00:27:01,250 flooded the internet with a three picture meme. 296 00:27:01,250 --> 00:27:04,000 (dramatic music) 297 00:27:07,020 --> 00:27:09,430 As Putin's holding a press conference 298 00:27:09,430 --> 00:27:12,570 she appears in front of the cameras with a triptych. 299 00:27:16,830 --> 00:27:19,200 Putin, Marine, Trump. 300 00:27:19,200 --> 00:27:22,210 This image will be reproduced over and over. 301 00:27:24,020 --> 00:27:27,210 Maria became the face of a political agenda. 302 00:27:27,210 --> 00:27:28,200 A very pretty face. 303 00:27:35,260 --> 00:27:39,170 (speaking in foreign language) 304 00:28:10,700 --> 00:28:14,480 - [Paul Moreira] In June 2017 Putin half admitted 305 00:28:14,480 --> 00:28:17,790 the existence of new Russian agents of influence. 306 00:28:19,990 --> 00:28:23,900 (speaking in foreign language) 307 00:28:47,370 --> 00:28:48,770 - [Paul Moreira] According to Putin, 308 00:28:48,770 --> 00:28:52,970 Russian hackers are lone wolves, they're mavericks. 309 00:28:52,970 --> 00:28:55,060 The Kremlin has nothing to do with them. 310 00:29:00,370 --> 00:29:02,520 In order to understand who was behind 311 00:29:02,520 --> 00:29:05,790 this new Russian propaganda let's take a closer look 312 00:29:05,790 --> 00:29:08,860 at a man who keeps himself in the shadows 313 00:29:08,860 --> 00:29:11,850 and never gives interviews to the foreign press. 314 00:29:11,850 --> 00:29:13,160 Konstantin Rykov. 315 00:29:14,030 --> 00:29:16,720 Don't be fooled by his teenage appearance. 316 00:29:16,720 --> 00:29:17,730 He's a key figure. 317 00:29:28,330 --> 00:29:32,020 Roman Dobrokhotov, a Russian investigative journalist 318 00:29:32,020 --> 00:29:34,330 has dug about to try and expose him. 319 00:29:36,060 --> 00:29:38,810 (dramatic music) 320 00:29:41,210 --> 00:29:45,160 - It's not like you know those who sit 321 00:29:45,160 --> 00:29:47,680 in a cabinet having some official duty, 322 00:29:47,680 --> 00:29:52,440 but of course he was the main sovereign, 323 00:29:52,440 --> 00:29:55,220 I don't know how to call this kind of job 324 00:29:55,220 --> 00:29:58,280 because he was not of course officially in charge. 325 00:30:00,080 --> 00:30:03,160 - [Paul Moreira] Investigating Rykov is no easy matter. 326 00:30:03,160 --> 00:30:06,870 His friends keep quiet and his enemies are scared. 327 00:30:11,700 --> 00:30:13,690 (speaking in foreign language) Here is one of Rykov's 328 00:30:13,690 --> 00:30:17,300 rare public appearances on a rather boozy talk show 329 00:30:17,300 --> 00:30:19,680 on the internet. (speaking in foreign language) 330 00:30:19,680 --> 00:30:22,050 Facing him, an opposition blogger. 331 00:30:23,650 --> 00:30:28,650 (speaking in foreign language) (audience applauding) 332 00:30:56,320 --> 00:30:59,070 (dramatic music) 333 00:31:02,780 --> 00:31:05,170 - [Paul Moreira] We met a Russian internet pioneer 334 00:31:05,170 --> 00:31:08,760 who lives in Belgium and who knew Rykov well. 335 00:31:10,470 --> 00:31:13,930 - He comes from the culture of children of 336 00:31:13,930 --> 00:31:17,350 a post-Soviet rich people. - OK. 337 00:31:17,350 --> 00:31:19,200 - Golden youth. - Golden youth. 338 00:31:19,200 --> 00:31:21,010 And now it is he's totally pro-Putin 339 00:31:21,010 --> 00:31:24,210 from what we understand. - He was always pro-Putin. 340 00:31:24,210 --> 00:31:26,840 I mean, before Putin he was essentially nobody. 341 00:31:26,840 --> 00:31:30,180 He was like a young guy using prohibited words 342 00:31:30,180 --> 00:31:31,510 on the internet. 343 00:31:33,610 --> 00:31:36,210 - [Paul Moreira] It was at the end of the 1990s in front 344 00:31:36,210 --> 00:31:40,130 of the cameras that Rykov offered his services to Putin. 345 00:31:41,500 --> 00:31:45,420 (speaking in foreign language) 346 00:32:12,470 --> 00:32:14,880 - [Paul Moreira] Regarding morals and ethics, 347 00:32:14,880 --> 00:32:17,290 Rykov took a few liberties. 348 00:32:17,290 --> 00:32:20,810 He became an unruly MP of Putin's party 349 00:32:20,810 --> 00:32:22,540 as well as a millionaire. 350 00:32:24,150 --> 00:32:29,150 In June, 2016 the American site dailydot.com 351 00:32:29,170 --> 00:32:31,600 looked into how he made this fortune 352 00:32:31,600 --> 00:32:36,370 and revealed it came from a paid dating site, Dosug. 353 00:32:36,370 --> 00:32:38,480 With Dosug you can find partners 354 00:32:38,480 --> 00:32:42,100 for all sorts of sport and cultural activities. 355 00:32:42,100 --> 00:32:45,350 (easy listening music) 356 00:32:48,240 --> 00:32:52,990 For as little as 150 euros you can go swimming with Natasha. 357 00:32:54,710 --> 00:32:56,720 Go horse riding with Tatiana, 358 00:32:58,020 --> 00:33:00,560 or play doctors and nurses with Zasha. 359 00:33:01,850 --> 00:33:03,630 - I think all this pornography story 360 00:33:03,630 --> 00:33:08,630 was a long time ago, so all that he is doing lately 361 00:33:08,630 --> 00:33:12,330 is connected with politics mostly. 362 00:33:12,330 --> 00:33:14,750 (speaking in foreign language) 363 00:33:14,750 --> 00:33:16,840 - [Paul Moreira] Rykov proved to be a master in the art 364 00:33:16,840 --> 00:33:20,480 of making memes to draw the attention of the media. 365 00:33:20,480 --> 00:33:22,670 Maria, who became famous for her Trump, 366 00:33:22,670 --> 00:33:25,630 Putin, Le Pen triptych works with him. 367 00:33:25,630 --> 00:33:27,730 Maria specializes in propaganda. 368 00:33:30,870 --> 00:33:34,250 She once created an amateur video for YouTube 369 00:33:34,250 --> 00:33:37,620 surrounded by bombings on the Ukrainian front. 370 00:33:43,360 --> 00:33:47,280 (speaking in foreign language) 371 00:33:51,280 --> 00:33:54,360 (explosions resound) 372 00:34:03,250 --> 00:34:05,500 (laughing) 373 00:34:08,260 --> 00:34:11,780 - [Paul Moreira] Maria is in a studio, the video is fake. 374 00:34:11,780 --> 00:34:15,690 It ends up being leaked, but has no impact on her career. 375 00:34:15,690 --> 00:34:18,730 Maria's job is to stay in the limelight 376 00:34:18,730 --> 00:34:21,000 while Rykov remains backstage. 377 00:34:26,880 --> 00:34:28,030 - [Man] That's the guy. 378 00:34:29,790 --> 00:34:34,330 - [Paul Moreira] In 2016 Rykov's work went international. 379 00:34:34,330 --> 00:34:37,100 He put together a team to support Donald Trump 380 00:34:37,100 --> 00:34:38,550 on the internet. 381 00:34:38,550 --> 00:34:40,810 The night of the American elections 382 00:34:40,810 --> 00:34:45,060 Rykov and those who helped him met up in a bar is Moscow. 383 00:34:45,060 --> 00:34:47,330 They were being filmed for social media. 384 00:34:49,330 --> 00:34:51,140 The tension is unbearable. 385 00:34:51,140 --> 00:34:52,810 Maria is also with them. 386 00:34:52,810 --> 00:34:55,390 Suddenly, the news breaks. 387 00:34:55,390 --> 00:34:57,920 Against all odds, Trump wins. 388 00:34:57,920 --> 00:35:00,440 - [Man] It's fucking Trump, it's fucking Trump! 389 00:35:00,440 --> 00:35:02,690 (laughing) 390 00:35:03,850 --> 00:35:06,100 (shouting) 391 00:35:11,080 --> 00:35:15,410 ♪ We are the champions of the world ♪ 392 00:35:16,270 --> 00:35:18,920 - [Paul Moreira] Overwhelmed, six days later 393 00:35:18,920 --> 00:35:22,820 Rykov would post a strange confession on his Facebook page. 394 00:35:22,820 --> 00:35:26,570 He implies that he was part of a spin operation for Trump. 395 00:35:30,500 --> 00:35:33,610 For four years and two days we needed to get into 396 00:35:33,610 --> 00:35:37,730 everyone's brains and control mass perception of reality. 397 00:35:41,590 --> 00:35:45,680 Is Rykov just boasting, or is he telling the truth? 398 00:35:45,680 --> 00:35:49,360 Whether bluffing or not, he gives a huge party in Moscow 399 00:35:49,360 --> 00:35:51,250 to celebrate Trump's victory. 400 00:35:53,400 --> 00:35:56,920 The theme of the evening, Russian hackers made Trump win. 401 00:35:58,150 --> 00:36:00,740 (upbeat music) 402 00:36:02,820 --> 00:36:05,980 - When Trump was elected, there was like fireworks. 403 00:36:05,980 --> 00:36:09,270 And if Le Pen was elected, there would like, 404 00:36:09,270 --> 00:36:10,900 all the Russian government would like 405 00:36:10,900 --> 00:36:14,120 die in convulsions of pleasure. 406 00:36:15,520 --> 00:36:17,270 - [Paul Moreira] Maria is delighted. 407 00:36:17,270 --> 00:36:19,970 The new world order is underway. 408 00:36:19,970 --> 00:36:22,690 It looks like mere provocation, 409 00:36:22,690 --> 00:36:24,940 but a year later we would discover 410 00:36:24,940 --> 00:36:28,570 that the Russian trolls had been truly active. 411 00:36:39,900 --> 00:36:41,560 (upbeat music) 412 00:36:41,560 --> 00:36:45,180 Saint Petersburg is the most beautiful city in Russia. 413 00:36:45,180 --> 00:36:47,330 It's Vladimir Putin's hometown. 414 00:36:50,570 --> 00:36:54,720 It's also where a rather peculiar industry operates. 415 00:36:54,720 --> 00:36:56,600 A secret troll factory. 416 00:36:56,600 --> 00:36:59,800 It's name, the Internet Research Agency. 417 00:36:59,800 --> 00:37:02,280 The employees have one single task. 418 00:37:02,280 --> 00:37:06,400 To manufacture propaganda and fake news for social media. 419 00:37:06,400 --> 00:37:07,940 I am with a translator. 420 00:37:10,100 --> 00:37:14,320 Hello, hello, hello, excuse me, can we speak with you 421 00:37:14,320 --> 00:37:17,920 a little bit? (speaking in foreign language) 422 00:37:17,920 --> 00:37:20,340 Do you work at Internet Research Agency? 423 00:37:20,340 --> 00:37:24,260 (speaking in foreign language) 424 00:37:30,010 --> 00:37:32,260 (laughing) 425 00:37:33,120 --> 00:37:34,760 - [Paul Moreira] We eventually found a young man 426 00:37:34,760 --> 00:37:39,360 who worked in this troll factory for four months in 2014 427 00:37:39,360 --> 00:37:42,080 at the start of the war in Ukraine. 428 00:37:42,080 --> 00:37:44,470 He worked in Russian for the Russians. 429 00:37:46,180 --> 00:37:50,100 (speaking in foreign language) 430 00:38:18,530 --> 00:38:20,560 - [Paul Moreira] To comply with the official line, 431 00:38:20,560 --> 00:38:23,980 the trolls have to check a site created by Rykov. 432 00:38:26,480 --> 00:38:30,400 (speaking in foreign language) 433 00:39:00,710 --> 00:39:01,970 - [Paul Moreira] Hello. 434 00:39:01,970 --> 00:39:05,890 (speaking in foreign language) 435 00:39:59,220 --> 00:40:01,280 (train wheels clattering) 436 00:40:01,280 --> 00:40:03,580 - [Paul Moreira] In the suburbs of Saint Petersburg 437 00:40:03,580 --> 00:40:06,130 we meet Ludmila Savchuk, a journalist 438 00:40:06,130 --> 00:40:09,930 who infiltrated the troll factory in 2015. 439 00:40:09,930 --> 00:40:12,380 She managed to film with a hidden camera. 440 00:40:14,280 --> 00:40:17,110 (dramatic music) 441 00:40:17,110 --> 00:40:21,030 (speaking in foreign language) 442 00:40:48,720 --> 00:40:51,460 - [Paul Moreira] In 2016 the troll factory 443 00:40:51,460 --> 00:40:54,330 started focusing on the United States 444 00:40:54,330 --> 00:40:57,510 in the battle between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump 445 00:40:57,510 --> 00:40:59,120 they fought fiercely for Trump 446 00:41:02,160 --> 00:41:05,130 without ever revealing they were Russian. 447 00:41:05,130 --> 00:41:07,520 Andrey Zakharov is a journalist. 448 00:41:07,520 --> 00:41:10,720 With the help of a mole, he succeeded in proving 449 00:41:10,720 --> 00:41:14,320 that there were more than 400 Facebook pages in English 450 00:41:14,320 --> 00:41:17,320 that were actually created in Saint Petersburg. 451 00:41:19,010 --> 00:41:21,050 - When we started our investigation 452 00:41:21,050 --> 00:41:24,540 we found one Facebook community 453 00:41:24,540 --> 00:41:26,840 which is called Secured Borders. 454 00:41:29,270 --> 00:41:31,610 - [Paul Moreira] Secured Borders, the Facebook page 455 00:41:31,610 --> 00:41:36,460 was followed by 144,000 American citizens. 456 00:41:36,460 --> 00:41:40,750 It replicated the xenophobic themes of Trump's campaign. 457 00:41:40,750 --> 00:41:43,900 The racist memes followed soon after, 458 00:41:43,900 --> 00:41:47,050 shared far and wide throughout scared America 459 00:41:47,050 --> 00:41:49,800 and based on fake news. 460 00:41:49,800 --> 00:41:54,360 For example, 30% of undocumented immigrant children 461 00:41:54,360 --> 00:41:55,600 are part of a gang. 462 00:41:56,450 --> 00:41:59,980 The meme suggests to share if you're shocked. 463 00:41:59,980 --> 00:42:04,310 Or, Muslims have invented a new strategy of warfare. 464 00:42:04,310 --> 00:42:07,530 They're making children to replace white Americans. 465 00:42:11,980 --> 00:42:16,200 - They cover Trump's immigration policy which 466 00:42:16,200 --> 00:42:20,320 is very popular and was one of the reasons why Trump won. 467 00:42:25,370 --> 00:42:26,510 - [Paul Moreira] Andrey's revelations 468 00:42:26,510 --> 00:42:28,560 stir up a storm in Washington. 469 00:42:31,930 --> 00:42:34,300 The directors of Facebook, Twitter, and Google 470 00:42:34,300 --> 00:42:35,880 are summoned to the Senate. 471 00:42:35,880 --> 00:42:38,530 They've earned money from the Russian propaganda ads. 472 00:42:39,970 --> 00:42:42,840 The investigation showed that the troll factory 473 00:42:42,840 --> 00:42:46,240 in Saint Petersburg paid the social media sites 474 00:42:46,240 --> 00:42:49,580 to publicize their messages as political ads. 475 00:42:50,770 --> 00:42:55,770 - People are buying ads on your platform with rubles. 476 00:42:57,300 --> 00:42:59,020 They're political ads. 477 00:43:00,430 --> 00:43:03,700 You put billions of data points together all the time. 478 00:43:03,700 --> 00:43:07,200 That's what I hear that these platforms do. 479 00:43:07,200 --> 00:43:11,460 They're the most sophisticated things invented by man ever. 480 00:43:11,460 --> 00:43:14,930 Google has all knowledge that man has ever developed. 481 00:43:16,150 --> 00:43:21,150 You can't put together rubles with a political ad and go 482 00:43:21,430 --> 00:43:26,320 like, hm, those two data points spell out something bad? 483 00:43:28,230 --> 00:43:33,230 - Senator, it's a signal we should have been alert to 484 00:43:33,310 --> 00:43:36,620 and in hindsight it's one we missed. 485 00:43:36,620 --> 00:43:39,790 - OK, OK, yeah, uh... 486 00:43:40,900 --> 00:43:42,660 - [Paul Moreira] Facebook shouldn't have trusted 487 00:43:42,660 --> 00:43:47,660 Yosemite Sam, yes, Sam, the one who shoots Bugs Bunny. 488 00:43:48,120 --> 00:43:51,360 A meme went viral explaining that Sam 489 00:43:51,360 --> 00:43:53,980 would from then on be banned from TV 490 00:43:53,980 --> 00:43:56,050 because he carried a weapon. 491 00:43:56,050 --> 00:43:58,800 This lie was targeting firearm owners 492 00:43:58,800 --> 00:44:01,250 to encourage them to vote for Trump. 493 00:44:01,250 --> 00:44:05,870 The fake news was shared by 215,000 people 494 00:44:05,870 --> 00:44:07,760 and seen millions of times. 495 00:44:07,760 --> 00:44:10,600 It originated from Saint Petersburg. 496 00:44:10,600 --> 00:44:14,520 (speaking in foreign language) 497 00:44:26,170 --> 00:44:27,550 - [Paul Moreira] What was the real impact 498 00:44:27,550 --> 00:44:30,490 of the Russian trolls on Trump being elected? 499 00:44:30,490 --> 00:44:33,180 It's hard to tell, but they certainly fueled 500 00:44:33,180 --> 00:44:36,430 the far-right American campaign in favor of Trump. 501 00:44:37,680 --> 00:44:40,750 (singing in foreign language) 502 00:44:40,750 --> 00:44:44,090 Like in Texas, where they succeeded in organizing 503 00:44:44,090 --> 00:44:47,860 a racist protest and counter-protest from Russia. 504 00:44:47,860 --> 00:44:50,130 Few people showed up, but it was enough 505 00:44:50,130 --> 00:44:52,290 to stun the American senators. 506 00:44:56,810 --> 00:44:59,640 - Russia trolls were encouraging both sides 507 00:44:59,640 --> 00:45:01,490 to battle in the streets and create division 508 00:45:01,490 --> 00:45:02,780 between real Americans. 509 00:45:03,960 --> 00:45:08,650 This disruptive event in Houston cost Russia about $200. 510 00:45:10,320 --> 00:45:11,970 - [Paul Moreira] And that's the beauty of it. 511 00:45:11,970 --> 00:45:16,970 $200, barely as much as a Lada in a very bad condition. 512 00:45:17,160 --> 00:45:20,030 (motor rumbling) 513 00:45:20,030 --> 00:45:22,250 Who paged the wages in the troll factory? 514 00:45:25,030 --> 00:45:26,790 - Yevgeny Prigozhin's instructions. 515 00:45:26,790 --> 00:45:28,770 - Who? - Yevgeny Prigozhin. 516 00:45:28,770 --> 00:45:29,600 - [Paul Moreira] Who is he? 517 00:45:29,600 --> 00:45:31,060 - He's responsible for catering 518 00:45:31,060 --> 00:45:33,640 of official meetings in Kremlin. 519 00:45:33,640 --> 00:45:35,740 - [Paul Moreira] So basically he's like big cook 520 00:45:35,740 --> 00:45:38,170 for the Kremlin. - Yes, he's big cook 521 00:45:38,170 --> 00:45:39,790 for the Kremlin, he started his business 522 00:45:39,790 --> 00:45:42,360 in Saint Petersburg and his restaurants 523 00:45:42,360 --> 00:45:45,330 were very popular in 90s. 524 00:45:46,400 --> 00:45:47,970 - [Paul Moreira] Officially the Kremlin chef 525 00:45:47,970 --> 00:45:50,810 denies any involvement in the troll factory 526 00:45:50,810 --> 00:45:54,910 and refuses to respond to any interview requests. 527 00:45:54,910 --> 00:45:56,930 (fanfare music) 528 00:45:56,930 --> 00:45:59,440 Between Putin and the troll factory 529 00:45:59,440 --> 00:46:01,700 the walls remain sealed. 530 00:46:01,700 --> 00:46:06,690 Even Andrey, who disclosed the scoop advises to be cautious. 531 00:46:06,690 --> 00:46:11,570 - You should understand this power structure. 532 00:46:11,570 --> 00:46:14,320 (dramatic music) 533 00:46:19,140 --> 00:46:19,980 The czar. 534 00:46:22,070 --> 00:46:24,580 And there are a small circle. 535 00:46:24,580 --> 00:46:28,890 This small circle has delegated the right to power 536 00:46:28,890 --> 00:46:33,870 in the name of the czar. (audience applauding) 537 00:46:33,870 --> 00:46:36,910 There are people who are responsible like Surkov. 538 00:46:36,910 --> 00:46:38,370 He delegates to them power 539 00:46:39,820 --> 00:46:44,820 that will not go down from this circle very often. 540 00:46:46,660 --> 00:46:47,490 - [Paul Moreira] Oh, OK. 541 00:46:47,490 --> 00:46:50,120 - [Andrey] For your press, it's easy to put Putin everywhere 542 00:46:50,120 --> 00:46:52,180 because it's like you can sell it. 543 00:46:52,180 --> 00:46:53,800 - [Paul Moreira] So you think you go too fast 544 00:46:53,800 --> 00:46:56,570 on those limits. - Yes, too fast. 545 00:46:56,570 --> 00:46:58,570 - [Paul Moreira] That gives a lot of power to Putin 546 00:46:58,570 --> 00:47:02,710 in Europe because people think that he's over powerful. 547 00:47:02,710 --> 00:47:07,610 - You make his power more and more 548 00:47:09,300 --> 00:47:13,460 because you say, OK, he's responsible for this, 549 00:47:13,460 --> 00:47:15,730 he's responsible for this, he's responsible. 550 00:47:15,730 --> 00:47:17,980 It's like something from fairy tale. 551 00:47:20,040 --> 00:47:23,260 The main hero in a fairy tale 552 00:47:23,260 --> 00:47:26,260 and children become very, very... 553 00:47:27,150 --> 00:47:31,430 - Afraid. - Yes. (laughs) 554 00:47:31,430 --> 00:47:34,020 - [Paul Moreira] And the west also happens to blame Putin 555 00:47:34,020 --> 00:47:36,750 for things he didn't actually do. 556 00:47:36,750 --> 00:47:38,660 (typing) 557 00:47:38,660 --> 00:47:40,980 The most spectacular mistake was published 558 00:47:40,980 --> 00:47:44,620 by the American newspaper The Washington Post. 559 00:47:44,620 --> 00:47:47,470 In December 2016 they announced 560 00:47:47,470 --> 00:47:50,960 that Russian hackers were about to break into a power plant 561 00:47:50,960 --> 00:47:55,710 in the U.S. in Vermont and they were rather convincing. 562 00:47:55,710 --> 00:47:58,970 All the electricity in America could be at the mercy 563 00:47:58,970 --> 00:48:00,420 of the Russians. 564 00:48:00,420 --> 00:48:02,440 It was actually fake news. 565 00:48:02,440 --> 00:48:04,820 A few days later The Washington Post 566 00:48:04,820 --> 00:48:07,150 had to rebut its own scoop. 567 00:48:07,150 --> 00:48:10,020 According to sources close to the investigation 568 00:48:10,020 --> 00:48:12,550 it appeared that there hadn't been any attacks 569 00:48:12,550 --> 00:48:14,990 by Russian hackers on a power plant in Vermont. 570 00:48:20,020 --> 00:48:22,550 (upbeat music) 571 00:48:22,550 --> 00:48:26,460 Maria played a part in Trump's campaign from afar, 572 00:48:26,460 --> 00:48:27,720 but she's fully committed 573 00:48:27,720 --> 00:48:31,200 to helping Marine Le Pen's campaign in France. 574 00:48:31,200 --> 00:48:34,710 (crowd cheering) On the 27th of March 575 00:48:34,710 --> 00:48:36,340 she's heading to Paris. 576 00:48:36,340 --> 00:48:38,000 There's still six weeks to go 577 00:48:38,000 --> 00:48:40,000 before the French presidential election. 578 00:48:49,550 --> 00:48:53,470 (speaking in foreign language) 579 00:49:06,920 --> 00:49:08,550 - [Paul Moreira] Rykov's team are sure of it. 580 00:49:08,550 --> 00:49:10,990 After Trump it'll be Marine. 581 00:49:10,990 --> 00:49:13,250 We've decided to keep track of Maria 582 00:49:13,250 --> 00:49:15,160 and see where she takes us. 583 00:49:15,160 --> 00:49:17,140 She posts everything on the internet 584 00:49:17,140 --> 00:49:22,140 and avoids any interviews. (speaking in foreign language) 585 00:49:27,680 --> 00:49:32,680 She's with French MPs and here's the room number, 6217. 586 00:49:36,120 --> 00:49:39,080 (motor roaring) 587 00:49:39,080 --> 00:49:39,920 (tires squealing) 588 00:49:39,920 --> 00:49:42,630 At the National Assembly, we come across a meeting 589 00:49:42,630 --> 00:49:44,840 of the Franco-Russian Dialogue. 590 00:49:44,840 --> 00:49:47,200 Maria's gone, we've missed her, 591 00:49:47,200 --> 00:49:50,940 but the meeting turns out to be very interesting. 592 00:49:50,940 --> 00:49:55,940 Let's stay for a bit. (speaking in foreign language) 593 00:50:01,310 --> 00:50:03,320 - [Paul Moreira] They're rather discreet, 594 00:50:03,320 --> 00:50:06,190 but it's a pro-Russia lobby gathering politicians 595 00:50:06,190 --> 00:50:08,410 and the biggest French companies, 596 00:50:08,410 --> 00:50:10,090 the ones that invest in Russia. 597 00:50:14,260 --> 00:50:16,920 The boss of Total is the chairman of honor 598 00:50:16,920 --> 00:50:19,980 and tens of European companies are represented. 599 00:50:19,980 --> 00:50:22,160 At the speakers' table there's a journalist 600 00:50:22,160 --> 00:50:25,680 from the far-right weekly magazine Valeurs actuelles. 601 00:50:25,680 --> 00:50:28,960 In the red tie a representative of the far left. 602 00:50:28,960 --> 00:50:31,880 And then the black tie, a right-wing candidate. 603 00:50:31,880 --> 00:50:35,040 They have nothing in common apart from supporting Russia. 604 00:50:36,270 --> 00:50:40,190 (speaking in foreign language) 605 00:50:50,020 --> 00:50:51,310 - [Paul Moreira] The meeting's organizers 606 00:50:51,310 --> 00:50:54,480 are Thierry Mariani an Nicolas Dhuicq, 607 00:50:54,480 --> 00:50:56,950 the MP who told Sputnik that Macron 608 00:50:56,950 --> 00:50:58,640 could be an American agent. 609 00:51:02,030 --> 00:51:03,040 (cartoon running sound effect resounds) 610 00:51:03,040 --> 00:51:06,960 (speaking in foreign language) 611 00:52:00,540 --> 00:52:02,020 - [Paul Moreira] Apparently I'm not the only one 612 00:52:02,020 --> 00:52:04,060 chasing Maria. (app whistling) 613 00:52:04,060 --> 00:52:07,470 She ends up sending me a private message, lucky me. 614 00:52:17,840 --> 00:52:20,590 (zipper zipping) 615 00:52:21,870 --> 00:52:23,410 The train's barely set off 616 00:52:23,410 --> 00:52:25,460 when I receive a message from Maria. 617 00:52:32,820 --> 00:52:35,590 I find out that she's been invited to see Marine Le Pen 618 00:52:37,440 --> 00:52:39,230 in front of the Russian cameras 619 00:52:39,230 --> 00:52:41,030 she's given her the famous triptych. 620 00:52:42,080 --> 00:52:45,990 (speaking in foreign language) 621 00:52:54,190 --> 00:52:55,960 - [Paul Moreira] And during the conversation 622 00:52:55,960 --> 00:52:58,170 Maria drops a significant hint. 623 00:52:59,260 --> 00:53:03,180 (speaking in foreign language) 624 00:53:17,770 --> 00:53:19,100 - [Paul Moreira] Marine Le Pen and Maria 625 00:53:19,100 --> 00:53:21,200 share a belief and a method. 626 00:53:23,770 --> 00:53:27,690 (speaking in foreign language) 627 00:53:37,320 --> 00:53:40,250 - [Paul Moreira] Like Trump, Le Pen discredits the media 628 00:53:40,250 --> 00:53:42,910 at her rallies. (audience applauding) 629 00:53:42,910 --> 00:53:46,820 (speaking in foreign language) 630 00:53:49,710 --> 00:53:53,550 (crowd jeering and whistling) 631 00:53:56,010 --> 00:53:58,490 - [Paul Moreira] It's the second round of voting. 632 00:53:58,490 --> 00:54:01,940 And in this final phase, the pace picks up. 633 00:54:01,940 --> 00:54:04,140 Maria has returned to Moscow 634 00:54:04,140 --> 00:54:06,870 She talks about her trip on TV. 635 00:54:06,870 --> 00:54:09,620 Her boss Rykov organizes a secret meeting 636 00:54:09,620 --> 00:54:11,250 of the Marine Committee. 637 00:54:11,250 --> 00:54:16,250 On Facebook he writes, no journalists, no mobile phones. 638 00:54:16,250 --> 00:54:17,080 (message notification whistles) 639 00:54:17,080 --> 00:54:20,050 The anti-Macron fake news speed up. 640 00:54:20,050 --> 00:54:23,380 The main one is published on an American forum. 641 00:54:23,380 --> 00:54:27,380 Macron supposedly has a secret account in a tax haven. 642 00:54:27,380 --> 00:54:29,930 Fake news, which is then spread on the net 643 00:54:29,930 --> 00:54:34,410 by National Front supporters and by Marine Le Pen herself 644 00:54:34,410 --> 00:54:39,260 on television. (speaking in foreign language) 645 00:54:43,220 --> 00:54:45,350 - [Paul Moreira] The French campaign is starting 646 00:54:45,350 --> 00:54:48,420 to strangely resemble the Trump campaign. 647 00:54:48,420 --> 00:54:51,000 It would only take for Macron's collaborators' 648 00:54:51,000 --> 00:54:52,700 email accounts to be hacked 649 00:54:52,700 --> 00:54:54,790 for the parallel to be completely drawn. 650 00:54:58,260 --> 00:55:02,180 (speaking in foreign language) 651 00:55:10,740 --> 00:55:12,330 - [Paul Moreira] At the general headquarters 652 00:55:12,330 --> 00:55:15,130 of the Macron campaign, the same morning. 653 00:55:16,600 --> 00:55:19,730 A fake email was received in the name of the man in charge 654 00:55:19,730 --> 00:55:23,080 of the digital campaign, Mounir Mahjoubi. 655 00:55:25,430 --> 00:55:29,340 (speaking in foreign language) 656 00:56:15,880 --> 00:56:16,960 - [Paul Moreira] But they weren't quite 657 00:56:16,960 --> 00:56:18,660 as ready as expected. 658 00:56:18,660 --> 00:56:21,060 The next day, not paying attention, 659 00:56:21,060 --> 00:56:23,600 a coworker clicks on a fake email. 660 00:56:23,600 --> 00:56:26,470 The hackers finally access the inboxes 661 00:56:26,470 --> 00:56:29,410 of six of Macron's collaborators. 662 00:56:29,410 --> 00:56:33,330 (speaking in foreign language) 663 00:56:34,940 --> 00:56:37,140 - [Paul Moreira] The emails are posted on the internet 664 00:56:37,140 --> 00:56:39,660 with the aim of changing the course of the election 665 00:56:39,660 --> 00:56:42,110 with the controversial revelations, 666 00:56:42,110 --> 00:56:45,580 but the French press refuses to publish these data. 667 00:56:45,580 --> 00:56:49,500 (speaking in foreign language) 668 00:57:15,280 --> 00:57:17,210 - [Paul Moreira] It's impossible to pin the hacking 669 00:57:17,210 --> 00:57:21,550 on the Russians, but on social media Maria teases. 670 00:57:30,080 --> 00:57:32,670 She publishes a link to the hacked emails 671 00:57:32,670 --> 00:57:35,800 in the Macron campaign, the Macron leaks. 672 00:57:39,770 --> 00:57:42,830 This evening in Moscow, Maria and Rykov 673 00:57:42,830 --> 00:57:46,060 are organizing a party for the French elections. 674 00:57:46,060 --> 00:57:49,150 They are hoping to help Marine Le Pen to victory. 675 00:57:49,150 --> 00:57:51,680 We're amongst the invited guests. 676 00:57:51,680 --> 00:57:54,670 Maria is there posing for the cameras 677 00:57:54,670 --> 00:57:58,520 and Konstantin Rykov finally emerges from the shadows. 678 00:58:00,080 --> 00:58:04,200 (speaking in foreign language) At last, 679 00:58:04,200 --> 00:58:05,880 we get to interview Maria. 680 00:58:07,780 --> 00:58:11,700 (speaking in foreign language) 681 00:58:43,630 --> 00:58:45,540 - [Paul Moreira] Always the same slogan. 682 00:58:45,540 --> 00:58:48,440 No proof that the Kremlin is to blame. 683 00:58:48,440 --> 00:58:50,510 But just a few meters away from us 684 00:58:50,510 --> 00:58:54,150 could be the proof that's evaded us from the start. 685 00:58:54,150 --> 00:58:59,150 In 2014 Rykov was tracked by a group of enemy hackers. 686 00:58:59,880 --> 00:59:01,160 - Two criminal hackers. 687 00:59:01,160 --> 00:59:03,400 - [Paul Moreira] Their name was Shaltai-Boltai 688 00:59:03,400 --> 00:59:05,530 and they succeeded in hacking the phones 689 00:59:05,530 --> 00:59:08,130 and computers of Kremlin officials. 690 00:59:08,130 --> 00:59:12,720 They got hold of thousands of mails, texts, and photos. 691 00:59:12,720 --> 00:59:15,290 (dramatic music) 692 00:59:15,290 --> 00:59:16,920 - The just posted in the internet. 693 00:59:16,920 --> 00:59:19,290 - [Paul Moreira] And you knew who they were? 694 00:59:19,290 --> 00:59:21,900 - No, of course not, actually no one could at first 695 00:59:21,900 --> 00:59:23,840 understand what is all about. 696 00:59:23,840 --> 00:59:25,840 For us it was a very difficult job 697 00:59:25,840 --> 00:59:29,060 sitting for a month and trying to understand 698 00:59:29,060 --> 00:59:30,840 what is the sense of these messages 699 00:59:30,840 --> 00:59:32,990 and who are actually behind these messages? 700 00:59:35,240 --> 00:59:37,860 - [Paul Moreira] In the mass of data, Roman discovered 701 00:59:37,860 --> 00:59:40,890 the telephone contents of one of Putin's men. 702 00:59:40,890 --> 00:59:42,820 He works for the Kremlin and is in charge 703 00:59:42,820 --> 00:59:45,170 of the internet propaganda. 704 00:59:45,170 --> 00:59:47,800 His name is Timur Prokopenko. 705 00:59:47,800 --> 00:59:50,250 There are several exchanges with Rykov. 706 00:59:53,270 --> 00:59:55,820 The two men planned to use Marine Le Pen 707 00:59:55,820 --> 00:59:57,370 for the benefit of the Kremlin. 708 01:00:02,700 --> 01:00:06,700 (message notifications beeping) 709 01:00:23,490 --> 01:00:28,450 On the 17th of March, 2014 Marine Le Pen announces 710 01:00:28,450 --> 01:00:31,940 her support for the annexation of Crimea by Russia. 711 01:00:31,940 --> 01:00:36,060 Marine Le Pen denies any knowledge of Rykov's existence, 712 01:00:36,060 --> 01:00:38,010 but for him and for the Kremlin 713 01:00:38,010 --> 01:00:39,920 it's been a successful mission. 714 01:00:39,920 --> 01:00:42,640 The Russian point of view is championed 715 01:00:42,640 --> 01:00:45,110 by one of the main political parties of France. 716 01:00:47,940 --> 01:00:51,940 (message notifications beeping) 717 01:00:55,780 --> 01:00:58,160 As it seems, a Kremlin official 718 01:00:58,160 --> 01:01:02,210 turned Le Pen into an agent of influence through Rykov. 719 01:01:02,210 --> 01:01:05,670 Rykov is in the bar, it's our only chance to ask him. 720 01:01:06,850 --> 01:01:08,110 (speaking in foreign language) 721 01:01:08,110 --> 01:01:10,550 We can talk interview about today, no? 722 01:01:11,410 --> 01:01:13,240 Why not, you are the mastermind of this. 723 01:01:13,240 --> 01:01:14,970 You are the architect of this thing. 724 01:01:14,970 --> 01:01:15,800 - [Rykov] No, no, no. 725 01:01:15,800 --> 01:01:17,490 - [Paul Moreira] No, why not? 726 01:01:17,490 --> 01:01:19,970 (speaking in foreign language) 727 01:01:19,970 --> 01:01:22,780 Rykov spends most of his time in this alcove 728 01:01:22,780 --> 01:01:25,150 the entrance to which looks to be guarded 729 01:01:25,150 --> 01:01:28,320 while Maria entertains her audience on the stage. 730 01:01:29,790 --> 01:01:31,100 Let's try and slip in. 731 01:01:32,700 --> 01:01:34,750 Just one question, on the internet 732 01:01:34,750 --> 01:01:39,190 I saw that you had an exchange with Mr. Prokopenko 733 01:01:39,190 --> 01:01:42,610 from the Kremlin to help Marine Le Pen. 734 01:01:42,610 --> 01:01:44,010 - Not me. - Not you. 735 01:01:44,010 --> 01:01:46,370 - It was a fake. - It was a fake. 736 01:01:46,370 --> 01:01:51,150 - [Rykov] Some guys who put, how could they end up stolen? 737 01:01:51,150 --> 01:01:53,100 - [Paul Moreira] Shaltai Boltai, right? 738 01:01:56,600 --> 01:01:59,370 Could the texting between the Kremlin official 739 01:01:59,370 --> 01:02:01,270 and Maria's boss be fake? 740 01:02:03,290 --> 01:02:05,590 - That cannot be so because we checked 741 01:02:06,630 --> 01:02:11,260 that several times, that is 100% real SMS, 742 01:02:11,260 --> 01:02:13,380 but of course I would be surprised 743 01:02:13,380 --> 01:02:15,680 if Rykov would confirm that, 744 01:02:15,680 --> 01:02:17,380 because that's all very sensitive. 745 01:02:19,810 --> 01:02:22,520 - [Paul Moreira] You did not help Marine Le Pen, 746 01:02:22,520 --> 01:02:24,540 but you're helping her now. 747 01:02:24,540 --> 01:02:25,820 - [Rykov] We're just a fan. 748 01:02:25,820 --> 01:02:27,090 - [Paul Moreira] You're what? 749 01:02:27,090 --> 01:02:28,100 - [Rykov] Like a fan. 750 01:02:28,100 --> 01:02:29,020 - [Woman] Yeah, it's just like a fan club. 751 01:02:29,020 --> 01:02:29,850 - [Paul Moreira] Fan club. 752 01:02:29,850 --> 01:02:32,250 - [Woman] It doesn't refer to official government. 753 01:02:33,330 --> 01:02:35,890 I think the best thing, if you ask Maria. 754 01:02:35,890 --> 01:02:38,310 - [Paul Moreira] Oh yeah, so he stays in the shadow 755 01:02:38,310 --> 01:02:39,140 and she speaks? 756 01:02:39,140 --> 01:02:39,970 - [Woman] Yeah, I definitely think so 757 01:02:39,970 --> 01:02:41,820 because he doesn't like to be filmed. 758 01:02:41,820 --> 01:02:44,710 - [Paul Moreira] OK, so yeah, he's like the shadow cabinet. 759 01:02:44,710 --> 01:02:46,030 - Yeah. - In the shadow government. 760 01:02:46,030 --> 01:02:47,880 (laughing) - He's pretty camera shy. 761 01:02:49,180 --> 01:02:50,640 - [Paul Moreira] Just a fan club. 762 01:02:50,640 --> 01:02:52,670 That's the official line from Rykov, 763 01:02:53,530 --> 01:02:56,150 but a few weeks later on a Russian website 764 01:02:56,150 --> 01:02:59,020 a journalist manages to get a few words out of him 765 01:02:59,020 --> 01:03:02,740 on his key role in Le Pen and Trump's campaigns. 766 01:03:02,740 --> 01:03:05,660 (news theme music) 767 01:03:06,930 --> 01:03:10,850 (speaking in foreign language) 768 01:04:15,370 --> 01:04:17,000 (dramatic music) 769 01:04:17,000 --> 01:04:19,070 - [Paul Moreira] The story could have ended there 770 01:04:19,070 --> 01:04:22,160 with a failed mission and Maria's dejected pout. 771 01:04:23,580 --> 01:04:26,330 (crowd cheering) 772 01:04:33,550 --> 01:04:35,700 But that evening in the restaurant 773 01:04:35,700 --> 01:04:40,700 I notice a familiar face, Pierre Malinowski, a French. 774 01:04:41,010 --> 01:04:44,460 A former soldier, he is assistant to Jean-Marie Le Pen. 775 01:04:45,730 --> 01:04:50,030 He's often in Russia and is a die-hard admirer of Putin. 776 01:04:50,030 --> 01:04:54,270 Luckily he's a smoker, let's have a few words outside. 777 01:04:54,270 --> 01:04:57,690 He gives away a secret without really thinking about it. 778 01:05:00,790 --> 01:05:04,710 (speaking in foreign language) 779 01:05:25,000 --> 01:05:27,050 - [Paul Moreira] So Vladimir Putin suppoedly 780 01:05:27,050 --> 01:05:28,990 secretly met with the leader 781 01:05:28,990 --> 01:05:33,310 of the most powerful far-right party in Europe twice. 782 01:05:33,310 --> 01:05:35,380 It's a huge investment, 783 01:05:35,380 --> 01:05:38,310 and nothing comes for free in this world. 784 01:05:38,310 --> 01:05:41,410 What did Putin want from the National Front? 785 01:05:41,410 --> 01:05:42,950 What was his plan? 786 01:05:42,950 --> 01:05:45,800 We wanted to ask Marine Le Pen in person, 787 01:05:45,800 --> 01:05:48,610 but our requests remained unanswered. 788 01:05:52,600 --> 01:05:56,520 (speaking in foreign language) 789 01:06:10,320 --> 01:06:12,530 - [Paul Moreira] Aymeric Chauprade knew about it. 790 01:06:12,530 --> 01:06:15,660 Even if the former Mr. Russia of the National Front 791 01:06:15,660 --> 01:06:17,980 wasn't at the meetings in person. 792 01:06:17,980 --> 01:06:21,890 (speaking in foreign language) 793 01:06:27,680 --> 01:06:30,210 - [Paul Moreira] And Marine Le Pen earned a lot from Russia. 794 01:06:30,210 --> 01:06:32,450 More than 12 million euros. 795 01:06:32,450 --> 01:06:35,200 That's the sum of two loans to the National Front 796 01:06:35,200 --> 01:06:40,200 in 2014 and 2016, loans which should have remained secret 797 01:06:40,760 --> 01:06:44,390 but were disclosed by the newspaper Mediapart. 798 01:06:44,390 --> 01:06:47,070 Officially they were business transactions 799 01:06:47,070 --> 01:06:51,270 with no strings attached, no win-win deals with the Kremlin 800 01:06:51,270 --> 01:06:53,040 but were they really? 801 01:06:53,040 --> 01:06:56,280 The man who negotiated the Russian money is a member 802 01:06:56,280 --> 01:07:00,040 of the European Parliament, Jean-Luc Schaffhauser. 803 01:07:00,040 --> 01:07:02,840 He claims to have worked as an intermediary 804 01:07:02,840 --> 01:07:06,070 for Total, Dassault, and Thales in Russia. 805 01:07:09,760 --> 01:07:12,120 He was sent there for the first time 806 01:07:12,120 --> 01:07:16,050 by Pope Jean-Paul the Second in 1989. 807 01:07:16,050 --> 01:07:18,820 He's got a lot of inside knowledge. 808 01:07:18,820 --> 01:07:21,960 The only problem is he's not the biggest fan of journalists. 809 01:07:23,040 --> 01:07:25,040 I'll have to earn his trust. 810 01:07:25,040 --> 01:07:27,130 The only thing I know is that he's Catholic 811 01:07:27,130 --> 01:07:28,760 and a bit hot-headed. 812 01:07:30,700 --> 01:07:34,620 (speaking in foreign language) 813 01:08:21,450 --> 01:08:23,030 - [Paul Moreira] I'd got the help of God on this. 814 01:08:23,030 --> 01:08:25,600 We've touched upon a biblical metaphor 815 01:08:25,600 --> 01:08:28,280 and the tone of the conversation changes. 816 01:08:28,280 --> 01:08:32,200 (speaking in foreign language) 817 01:08:56,330 --> 01:08:57,780 (dramatic music) 818 01:08:57,780 --> 01:08:59,750 - [Paul Moreira] State secrets between the National Front 819 01:08:59,750 --> 01:09:02,790 and Vladimir Putin, it's going well. 820 01:09:02,790 --> 01:09:04,970 I still have to find out the exact role 821 01:09:04,970 --> 01:09:08,200 of Putin and the releasing of the millions of Euros. 822 01:09:08,200 --> 01:09:09,590 Officially, none. 823 01:09:10,660 --> 01:09:14,570 (speaking in foreign language) 824 01:09:32,210 --> 01:09:33,750 - [Paul Moreira] But this Mr. Babakov 825 01:09:33,750 --> 01:09:35,710 isn't just the regular banker. 826 01:09:35,710 --> 01:09:38,300 He works for Vladimir Putin's administration. 827 01:09:40,130 --> 01:09:42,990 He was put in charge of Russians abroad. 828 01:09:44,880 --> 01:09:48,790 (speaking in foreign language) 829 01:10:57,630 --> 01:10:59,020 - [Paul Moreira] And yet, it is. 830 01:10:59,020 --> 01:11:01,780 Aymeric Chauprade, who now speaks freely 831 01:11:01,780 --> 01:11:04,770 revealed the Kremlin's real intentions 832 01:11:04,770 --> 01:11:07,020 when it came to the National Front. 833 01:11:07,020 --> 01:11:09,860 And it had nothing to do with a business transaction. 834 01:11:12,750 --> 01:11:16,670 (speaking in foreign language) 835 01:11:42,420 --> 01:11:45,170 (dramatic music) 836 01:11:48,900 --> 01:11:52,810 (speaking in foreign language) 837 01:11:55,440 --> 01:11:58,240 (boots stomping ground) 838 01:11:58,240 --> 01:12:00,290 - [Paul Moreira] Russians against Americans, 839 01:12:00,290 --> 01:12:04,080 bloc against bloc, the return of the Cold War. 840 01:12:04,080 --> 01:12:06,420 In this new chess game of power 841 01:12:06,420 --> 01:12:08,990 the National Front is only a minor pawn. 842 01:12:09,870 --> 01:12:12,720 It's in Ukraine that this new Cold War 843 01:12:12,720 --> 01:12:14,590 has really become visible. 844 01:12:14,590 --> 01:12:18,590 In 2014 a government close to Moscow is overthrown. 845 01:12:18,590 --> 01:12:23,020 The Ukrainian rebels want to escape the grasp of Russia. 846 01:12:25,940 --> 01:12:30,310 The United States openly supports the change of regime. 847 01:12:30,310 --> 01:12:33,260 - Free world is with you, America is with you, 848 01:12:33,260 --> 01:12:34,090 I am with you. 849 01:12:36,220 --> 01:12:37,310 - [Paul Moreira] For the Russians, 850 01:12:37,310 --> 01:12:41,520 it's a hostile coup d'etat on their doorstep. 851 01:12:41,520 --> 01:12:44,360 They give military support to the insurrection 852 01:12:44,360 --> 01:12:48,320 of the Russian population in the east of Ukraine 853 01:12:48,320 --> 01:12:50,960 (gunshots resound) and they annex Crimea. 854 01:12:50,960 --> 01:12:53,400 Two wars are running in parallel. 855 01:12:53,400 --> 01:12:56,490 The military war and the war of information. 856 01:12:57,420 --> 01:13:00,440 Russia Today falsely accuses the Ukrainians 857 01:13:00,440 --> 01:13:04,200 of crucifying Russian babies, whilst on the other side 858 01:13:04,200 --> 01:13:06,560 some Western journalists keep quiet 859 01:13:06,560 --> 01:13:10,540 about the atrocities of the most violent Ukrainian militia. 860 01:13:14,810 --> 01:13:18,790 One example is this piece on this Ukrainian girl. 861 01:13:18,790 --> 01:13:20,650 The author, a French journalist 862 01:13:20,650 --> 01:13:23,210 failed to mention that she was a Nazi 863 01:13:23,210 --> 01:13:26,610 and that her battalion was accused by Amnesty International 864 01:13:26,610 --> 01:13:29,340 of executing pro-Russian civilians. 865 01:13:31,330 --> 01:13:34,230 At the time of the Ukrainian conflict 866 01:13:34,230 --> 01:13:36,750 the Russians considered themselves victims 867 01:13:36,750 --> 01:13:37,950 of Russia phobia. 868 01:13:39,420 --> 01:13:41,800 For them, the media war is now on. 869 01:13:45,650 --> 01:13:49,140 At the heart of the state media there's a group of experts 870 01:13:49,140 --> 01:13:53,150 in ideological war led by Olga Sinowjewa. 871 01:13:53,150 --> 01:13:56,510 They organize conferences and publish articles. 872 01:13:56,510 --> 01:13:59,940 One of their major texts was published by Sputnik 873 01:13:59,940 --> 01:14:02,660 and translated into several languages. 874 01:14:02,660 --> 01:14:04,790 It's a media war treaty. 875 01:14:07,250 --> 01:14:09,560 Unfortunately, Russia is forced 876 01:14:09,560 --> 01:14:12,930 to resort to the information war weapons. 877 01:14:12,930 --> 01:14:16,390 The information war leads to take regrettable actions. 878 01:14:21,270 --> 01:14:25,040 Olga Sinowjewa lives at Moscow State University. 879 01:14:26,100 --> 01:14:27,360 - [Paul Moreira] You remember this? 880 01:14:27,360 --> 01:14:29,490 - Yes, more or less, yes, more or less. 881 01:14:29,490 --> 01:14:31,900 You have to stay on your position. 882 01:14:31,900 --> 01:14:34,180 You are fighting for your country. 883 01:14:34,180 --> 01:14:36,630 You are responsible for your country. 884 01:14:36,630 --> 01:14:40,560 So from this point of view, all of the ideas 885 01:14:40,560 --> 01:14:44,280 or means or possibilities are welcome. 886 01:14:44,280 --> 01:14:48,930 - Even like using fake news or-- 887 01:14:48,930 --> 01:14:50,220 - No, not at all. 888 01:14:50,220 --> 01:14:52,910 - Because that's how you could interpret your text. 889 01:14:52,910 --> 01:14:56,090 - You know, I'm afraid that the translation wasn't correct. 890 01:14:56,090 --> 01:14:59,600 Not very correct, I will, how to say, 891 01:14:59,600 --> 01:15:02,370 I didn't read it from the beginning to the end, 892 01:15:02,370 --> 01:15:05,010 so I beg your pardon, but I wouldn't be able 893 01:15:05,010 --> 01:15:07,520 to use such words. - OK. 894 01:15:07,520 --> 01:15:10,990 Let's not justify ourselves on the fabrication 895 01:15:10,990 --> 01:15:14,070 because the West uses the same methods. 896 01:15:14,070 --> 01:15:15,200 - No, no. - No. 897 01:15:15,200 --> 01:15:19,000 - That's absolutely-- - We are not well translated. 898 01:15:20,010 --> 01:15:22,540 - You know, I'm afraid that's not well translated, 899 01:15:22,540 --> 01:15:25,370 but it's a fake, it's a fake. 900 01:15:25,370 --> 01:15:26,990 - Well, it comes from Sputnik. 901 01:15:26,990 --> 01:15:29,950 - Yes, I know, but I have to discuss, 902 01:15:29,950 --> 01:15:34,040 I have to research this translation, thank you very much. 903 01:15:34,040 --> 01:15:36,950 (dramatic music) 904 01:15:36,950 --> 01:15:39,120 - [Paul Moreira] Today Russia's soft power 905 01:15:39,120 --> 01:15:40,980 has spread across Europe. 906 01:15:40,980 --> 01:15:44,300 In Germany, notably there's a Russian community 907 01:15:44,300 --> 01:15:46,560 of more than four million people. 908 01:15:46,560 --> 01:15:50,410 (airplane engine roaring) 909 01:15:50,410 --> 01:15:54,240 In January 2016 Russian propaganda 910 01:15:54,240 --> 01:15:58,010 took advantage of one particularly controversial case. 911 01:16:00,270 --> 01:16:03,120 In Marzahn, Berlin's Russian district 912 01:16:03,120 --> 01:16:07,010 a 13-year-old girl Liza claims to have been raped 913 01:16:07,010 --> 01:16:09,710 by three Arab refugees. 914 01:16:09,710 --> 01:16:11,840 The police don't arrest any suspects 915 01:16:11,840 --> 01:16:13,710 in the hours that follow. 916 01:16:13,710 --> 01:16:16,900 The German Sputnik site denounces the rape 917 01:16:16,900 --> 01:16:19,740 and the refugees apparent impunity. 918 01:16:19,740 --> 01:16:23,160 Protests by Russian-Germans are sparked. 919 01:16:23,160 --> 01:16:25,070 The leader of the most conservative 920 01:16:25,070 --> 01:16:28,490 Russian-German association is Heinrich Groth. 921 01:16:29,930 --> 01:16:33,850 (speaking in foreign language) 922 01:16:44,790 --> 01:16:46,270 - [Paul Moreira] He turns the rape case 923 01:16:46,270 --> 01:16:49,030 into an anti-refugee campaign. 924 01:16:50,230 --> 01:16:54,150 (speaking in foreign language) 925 01:17:03,360 --> 01:17:05,790 (crowd cheering and whistling) 926 01:17:05,790 --> 01:17:09,710 (speaking in foreign language) 927 01:17:29,860 --> 01:17:31,670 - [Paul Moreira] Around one million migrants 928 01:17:31,670 --> 01:17:35,090 have come to Germany since 2015. 929 01:17:35,090 --> 01:17:38,000 A fact widely exploited by the extreme right 930 01:17:38,000 --> 01:17:39,150 and Russian propaganda. 931 01:17:50,120 --> 01:17:52,260 In the Russian district of Berlin 932 01:17:52,260 --> 01:17:55,900 another activist assumed a dissenting voice. 933 01:17:55,900 --> 01:17:59,980 Alexander Reiser is Russian and he manages a very active 934 01:17:59,980 --> 01:18:02,520 multicultural association. 935 01:18:02,520 --> 01:18:04,350 He's known in the community. 936 01:18:04,350 --> 01:18:06,330 He joined in with the protests. 937 01:18:07,830 --> 01:18:09,450 Until the day he snapped. 938 01:18:12,500 --> 01:18:16,420 (speaking in foreign language) 939 01:19:25,340 --> 01:19:26,170 - [Paul Moreira] A topic covered 940 01:19:26,170 --> 01:19:29,660 by the main Russian TV channel is adding fuel to the fire. 941 01:19:30,590 --> 01:19:34,500 (speaking in foreign language) 942 01:19:43,040 --> 01:19:46,340 - [Paul Moreira] Two weeks later, the story takes a turn. 943 01:19:46,340 --> 01:19:48,670 Vladimir Putin's closest collaborator, 944 01:19:48,670 --> 01:19:50,910 the Russian minister for foreign affairs 945 01:19:50,910 --> 01:19:53,370 gives an official statement on the matter. 946 01:19:57,400 --> 01:20:01,320 (speaking in foreign language) 947 01:20:20,670 --> 01:20:22,330 - [Paul Moreira] For Alexander Reiser who dared 948 01:20:22,330 --> 01:20:26,190 to voice his doubts, life becomes a living hell. 949 01:20:26,190 --> 01:20:28,810 He's been the target of a troll attack. 950 01:20:28,810 --> 01:20:32,720 (speaking in foreign language) 951 01:20:50,190 --> 01:20:52,440 (laughing) 952 01:21:41,840 --> 01:21:44,890 (dramatic music) 953 01:21:44,890 --> 01:21:46,220 - [Paul Moreira] The German police conclude 954 01:21:46,220 --> 01:21:48,280 the results of their investigation. 955 01:21:48,280 --> 01:21:50,580 The young girl lied, there was no rape. 956 01:21:55,010 --> 01:21:58,930 (speaking in foreign language) 957 01:22:08,440 --> 01:22:10,840 - [Paul Moreira] Liza's case hype dies down, 958 01:22:10,840 --> 01:22:13,220 but in the minds of many Russians in Germany 959 01:22:13,220 --> 01:22:15,570 the fear of migrants lives on, 960 01:22:15,570 --> 01:22:19,120 especially because Liza's fiance was of Turkish origin. 961 01:22:20,640 --> 01:22:24,560 (speaking in foreign language) 962 01:22:42,730 --> 01:22:45,540 - [Paul Moreira] During the late elections Heinrich Groth, 963 01:22:45,540 --> 01:22:48,420 the president of the Russian-German Association 964 01:22:48,420 --> 01:22:51,780 gave his support to the extreme right party, 965 01:22:51,780 --> 01:22:53,610 Alternative for Germany. 966 01:22:53,610 --> 01:22:57,440 The AfD owes a huge part of its voting success 967 01:22:57,440 --> 01:22:59,660 to the Russian community in Germany. 968 01:22:59,660 --> 01:23:01,940 It's the only party to have translated 969 01:23:01,940 --> 01:23:03,710 its manifesto into Russian. 970 01:23:04,600 --> 01:23:09,330 In September 2017 the AfD entered German Parliament. 971 01:23:10,780 --> 01:23:13,020 It's the first time the far right 972 01:23:13,020 --> 01:23:15,330 had made it in since the war. 973 01:23:17,750 --> 01:23:20,430 Alexander Gauland is the leader of the AfD. 974 01:23:23,250 --> 01:23:27,170 (speaking in foreign language) 975 01:23:46,520 --> 01:23:49,770 - [Paul Moreira] In Germany the fear of migrants and Muslims 976 01:23:49,770 --> 01:23:54,030 is displayed on the street each and every Monday since 2014. 977 01:23:55,340 --> 01:23:59,110 The PEGIDA movement unites tens of thousands of Germans 978 01:23:59,110 --> 01:24:01,900 who are against the opening of the borders. 979 01:24:01,900 --> 01:24:05,820 (chanting in foreign language) 980 01:24:28,490 --> 01:24:29,790 - [Paul Moreira] Amongst the protesters 981 01:24:29,790 --> 01:24:31,640 we spot Russian flags. 982 01:24:33,510 --> 01:24:37,420 (speaking in foreign language) 983 01:24:39,830 --> 01:24:41,740 - [Paul Moreira] And sometimes even half-German 984 01:24:41,740 --> 01:24:42,940 half-Russian flags. 985 01:24:44,500 --> 01:24:48,420 (speaking in foreign language) 986 01:25:07,010 --> 01:25:09,250 - [Paul Moreira] Then there's also Lutz Bachmann, 987 01:25:09,250 --> 01:25:10,460 the founder of PEGIDA. 988 01:25:11,900 --> 01:25:13,950 Since the press published pictures of him 989 01:25:13,950 --> 01:25:17,890 dressed up as Hitler, he's not been too keen on journalists. 990 01:25:20,740 --> 01:25:24,660 (speaking in foreign language) 991 01:25:32,720 --> 01:25:35,080 - [Paul Moreira] Bachmann ends up giving his opinion 992 01:25:35,080 --> 01:25:36,320 in his speech. 993 01:25:39,340 --> 01:25:43,250 (speaking in foreign language) 994 01:25:51,630 --> 01:25:56,030 (crowd applauding and cheering) 995 01:25:56,030 --> 01:25:58,560 - [Paul Moreira] Counter-protesters are also there. 996 01:25:58,560 --> 01:26:00,970 They support Germany's refugee policy. 997 01:26:04,180 --> 01:26:06,610 (bells ringing) 998 01:26:06,610 --> 01:26:10,530 (speaking in foreign language) 999 01:26:12,950 --> 01:26:16,560 (bells ringing) (chanting in foreign language) 1000 01:26:16,560 --> 01:26:19,500 - They like the authoritarian style of Putin. 1001 01:26:19,500 --> 01:26:24,500 They are attracted to sort of nationalistic movements 1002 01:26:25,430 --> 01:26:28,920 and so on and so they feel a liking to them. 1003 01:26:28,920 --> 01:26:31,720 They also like Trump, they also like Marine Le Pen, 1004 01:26:31,720 --> 01:26:34,780 so it's not specifically to Putin, 1005 01:26:34,780 --> 01:26:38,580 but Russia is the only regime that's sort of authoritarian 1006 01:26:38,580 --> 01:26:41,260 so this is why the flags are here. 1007 01:26:41,260 --> 01:26:46,260 - Le Pen, OK, Le Pen OK, Le Pen OK! (laughing) 1008 01:26:48,300 --> 01:26:51,000 - [Paul Moreira] Most PEGIDA members vote for the AfD. 1009 01:26:54,200 --> 01:26:56,670 Do you get some financial aid from Russia? 1010 01:26:56,670 --> 01:26:57,780 (speaking in foreign language) 1011 01:26:57,780 --> 01:26:58,850 - [Paul Moreira] Yeah. 1012 01:26:58,850 --> 01:27:02,760 (speaking in foreign language) 1013 01:27:36,740 --> 01:27:39,720 (dramatic music) 1014 01:27:39,720 --> 01:27:42,710 - [Paul Moreira] In 2015 however, a powerful Russian 1015 01:27:42,710 --> 01:27:45,730 ultra-orthodox religious foundation 1016 01:27:45,730 --> 01:27:47,520 very active in Western Europe 1017 01:27:47,520 --> 01:27:51,390 arranged for Alexander Gauland to travel to Russia. 1018 01:27:51,390 --> 01:27:53,710 A trip which was kept very discreet. 1019 01:27:53,710 --> 01:27:57,620 (speaking in foreign language) 1020 01:28:47,620 --> 01:28:50,090 - [Paul Moreira] Konstantin Malofeev is a key figure 1021 01:28:50,090 --> 01:28:52,430 in Russia's influence in Europe. 1022 01:28:52,430 --> 01:28:56,550 He created a religious foundation and he's very wealthy. 1023 01:28:56,550 --> 01:29:00,170 He used his money to try and build a European network 1024 01:29:00,170 --> 01:29:03,970 of far-right parties from the FPA in power 1025 01:29:03,970 --> 01:29:06,860 in Austria today to the French National Front 1026 01:29:06,860 --> 01:29:11,160 and the AfD in Germany. (dramatic music) 1027 01:29:12,450 --> 01:29:15,340 Aymeric Chauprade was part of this project. 1028 01:29:17,830 --> 01:29:21,740 (speaking in foreign language) 1029 01:29:40,370 --> 01:29:43,140 - [Paul Moreira] Malofeev has created an ultra-conservative 1030 01:29:43,140 --> 01:29:47,150 television channel in order to promote his ideas in Russia. 1031 01:29:47,150 --> 01:29:50,400 Officially it's not airing for the Kremlin. 1032 01:29:50,400 --> 01:29:52,990 (speaking in foreign language) 1033 01:29:52,990 --> 01:29:54,370 - It's very Byzantine. 1034 01:29:54,370 --> 01:29:56,300 The painting. - Just like a church. 1035 01:29:57,320 --> 01:30:00,450 Konstantin Malofeev has agreed to meet us. 1036 01:30:00,450 --> 01:30:02,100 He rarely gives interviews. 1037 01:30:03,060 --> 01:30:05,150 - Do we want independents to think about 1038 01:30:05,150 --> 01:30:08,240 their own interests, not to think about globalist ideas 1039 01:30:08,240 --> 01:30:11,020 about one new world order, 1040 01:30:11,020 --> 01:30:15,040 liberal, LGBT supporters, globalism. 1041 01:30:15,040 --> 01:30:17,890 Get out of NATO, get out from European Union. 1042 01:30:17,890 --> 01:30:20,780 And France, of Louis Quatorze also. 1043 01:30:21,850 --> 01:30:23,670 (crowd clapping) 1044 01:30:23,670 --> 01:30:25,700 - [Paul Moreira] In France, Malofeev secretly 1045 01:30:25,700 --> 01:30:28,720 helped out Jean-Marie Le Pen in 2014. 1046 01:30:28,720 --> 01:30:31,270 (crowd cheering) 1047 01:30:31,270 --> 01:30:33,080 - [Crowd] Jean-Marie, Jean-Marie, 1048 01:30:33,080 --> 01:30:36,130 Jean-Marie, Jean-Marie, Jean-Marie. 1049 01:30:36,130 --> 01:30:40,840 - I sympathize Jean-Marie Le Pen and I believe 1050 01:30:40,840 --> 01:30:44,710 that he's a man from the big letter M. 1051 01:30:44,710 --> 01:30:49,070 So because he's a personality and in French politics now 1052 01:30:49,070 --> 01:30:51,670 it's big lack of personality. 1053 01:30:52,540 --> 01:30:54,590 - How did you help him get this money? 1054 01:30:54,590 --> 01:30:56,580 - I have friends and you know, these friends 1055 01:30:56,580 --> 01:31:00,660 were more motivated to help politicians in Europe. 1056 01:31:00,660 --> 01:31:02,150 - So basically you connected him with a-- 1057 01:31:02,150 --> 01:31:03,130 - Yes. - OK. 1058 01:31:03,130 --> 01:31:05,910 My feeling is that you fit much more close 1059 01:31:05,910 --> 01:31:09,010 to the anti-gay marriage movement 1060 01:31:09,010 --> 01:31:11,680 than you are to the National Front. 1061 01:31:11,680 --> 01:31:14,750 Now for sure, but I'm not calling this anti-gay. 1062 01:31:14,750 --> 01:31:17,690 I'm calling this anti-sodomite. (laughs) 1063 01:31:19,100 --> 01:31:22,760 - Well, it's not restricted to gays, this practice. 1064 01:31:22,760 --> 01:31:27,450 - Sodomite is the old word from the Bible and we can use it. 1065 01:31:27,450 --> 01:31:29,300 Of course I am closer to this because 1066 01:31:31,210 --> 01:31:36,090 family is the last fortress. (dramatic music) 1067 01:31:36,090 --> 01:31:39,310 - [Paul Moreira] In 2013 in France protesters 1068 01:31:39,310 --> 01:31:42,350 against gay marriage openly turned to Russia. 1069 01:31:45,250 --> 01:31:49,170 (speaking in foreign language) 1070 01:31:54,240 --> 01:31:56,400 - [Paul Moreira] We've discovered that Malofeev 1071 01:31:56,400 --> 01:31:59,170 has given financial aid to some of them. 1072 01:31:59,170 --> 01:32:02,750 Amongst them, an association led by Fabrice Sorlin, 1073 01:32:02,750 --> 01:32:04,140 an ultra-Catholic. 1074 01:32:05,490 --> 01:32:09,200 (chanting in foreign language) 1075 01:32:09,200 --> 01:32:13,360 - Do you accomplish part of Putin's agenda? 1076 01:32:13,360 --> 01:32:15,300 I'm putting it to you very frankly. 1077 01:32:16,560 --> 01:32:19,080 - Maybe, but not because he asked me. 1078 01:32:19,080 --> 01:32:21,220 - Hm, OK. - Just because you know, 1079 01:32:21,220 --> 01:32:23,420 that's my view, I'm very independent. 1080 01:32:28,840 --> 01:32:31,540 - [Paul Moreira] When I started this investigation 1081 01:32:31,540 --> 01:32:33,880 I wondered if the information war 1082 01:32:33,880 --> 01:32:37,570 was foreshadowing the real war, the deadly one. 1083 01:32:37,570 --> 01:32:40,210 I'd find the answer to this question 1084 01:32:40,210 --> 01:32:41,920 on the pavements of Moscow. 1085 01:32:44,120 --> 01:32:48,610 In Russia, May sees the season of military parades. 1086 01:32:48,610 --> 01:32:52,880 They celebrate their victory over the Nazis in 1945. 1087 01:32:52,880 --> 01:32:56,240 They parade with state of the art weapons. 1088 01:32:56,240 --> 01:33:00,160 This display of power lasts the whole morning, 1089 01:33:00,160 --> 01:33:02,900 but the crowd at the back is rather sparse. 1090 01:33:04,160 --> 01:33:07,000 (motors rumbling) 1091 01:33:09,920 --> 01:33:12,240 In the afternoon there's another parade 1092 01:33:12,240 --> 01:33:14,370 involving 700,000 people. 1093 01:33:16,670 --> 01:33:18,520 (shouting in foreign language) 1094 01:33:18,520 --> 01:33:22,420 No weapons, no artillery, just pictures. 1095 01:33:22,420 --> 01:33:25,810 The families come to honor the memory of their parents 1096 01:33:25,810 --> 01:33:28,520 killed during World War Two. 1097 01:33:28,520 --> 01:33:32,600 In Russia, even the farthest right is anti-Nazi. 1098 01:33:33,740 --> 01:33:36,860 - I'm representative of the people who suffered 1099 01:33:36,860 --> 01:33:41,540 from Nazism more than all other people in the world. 1100 01:33:41,540 --> 01:33:45,370 (singing in foreign language) 1101 01:33:48,270 --> 01:33:52,180 (speaking in foreign language) 1102 01:34:21,570 --> 01:34:24,170 - [Paul Moreira] Konstantin Malofeev is working 1103 01:34:24,170 --> 01:34:28,660 towards reestablishing an ultra-nationalist axis in Europe, 1104 01:34:28,660 --> 01:34:31,110 one that includes many Neo-Nazis. 1105 01:34:33,030 --> 01:34:35,060 Can I show you a picture? - Please. 1106 01:34:35,060 --> 01:34:38,930 - OK, this was filmed in May the first 1107 01:34:38,930 --> 01:34:41,770 at the meeting of Jean-Marie Le Pen. 1108 01:34:43,310 --> 01:34:46,080 (chanting in foreign language) 1109 01:34:46,080 --> 01:34:47,030 Listen to this guy. 1110 01:34:48,910 --> 01:34:52,830 (speaking in foreign language) 1111 01:35:02,520 --> 01:35:06,440 (chanting in foreign language) 1112 01:35:09,340 --> 01:35:12,310 - Listen, but I can't find anything 1113 01:35:12,310 --> 01:35:14,480 against Jean-Marie at this meeting. 1114 01:35:14,480 --> 01:35:18,630 You just made a movie with one guy in the crowd. 1115 01:35:18,630 --> 01:35:20,170 - OK. - I have no any doubt 1116 01:35:20,170 --> 01:35:24,360 that what you are showing me looks like he's a Nazi. 1117 01:35:24,360 --> 01:35:27,010 - But you know that the founders of the National Front, 1118 01:35:27,010 --> 01:35:28,860 some of them are from the Waffen-SS 1119 01:35:28,860 --> 01:35:32,040 like Mr. Leon Gaultier, are you aware of that? 1120 01:35:32,040 --> 01:35:36,750 - I think that people can't be blamed for their past 1121 01:35:36,750 --> 01:35:40,080 when they're 50 years or 60 years after. 1122 01:35:43,970 --> 01:37:37,400 (speaking in foreign language) 83937

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