Original subtitles

Is the universe connected at all scales?

And if so, how do we experience it?

In this episode, we discover that whatever we do

influences the whole.

[THEME MUSIC PLAYING]

In the earlier episodes, we have discussed that space time

is not empty, that it's full of these fluctuation of Planck

oscillators.

And these Planck oscillators can be

thought that as little bits of information,

that this Planck field--

this granular Planck field that's

occurring at the very fine structure of spacetime

spins itself into protons, atoms, planets, stars,

galaxies, clusters, super clusters, universes,

each one being centered by singularity,

by a little teeny black hole, and that is producing scales

across our universe from universal size

to subatomic part and that the holographic nature

of the interference pattern of these little Plancks creating

all these wave form produce a holographic solution in which

every point contains the whole.

There is discoveries that are occurring now

in physics in which we are starting to understand

something that's been very puzzling for many years

in quantum theory.

Einstein called it spooky action at a distance.

Einstein's spooky action at a distance theory refers

to quantum entanglement, which states that the measurement

of one particle will instantly influence another particle

regardless of how far apart they are.

So when you modify one particle, the other one

modifies itself almost instantaneously

across vast distances.

This was a consequence of the exploration of quantum theory

early on, and Einstein thought it was crazy and spooky.

And then eventually, it was confirmed in laboratory.

In laboratory, we discovered that this is true.

You can shoot a laser at a carbon particle, for instance,

and it will emit photons.

And if the photons are emitted away from each other,

they will travel through a very specific vector,

and at a certain distance, you can

put a polarizer on one side and then a detector

behind the polarizer on both sides.

And so that the polarizer will change

the angle of the one for time on one side and then

the detector will pick up the new orientation of that photon.

And we discovered that it doesn't matter how

far the distance the proton--

the photons travel before they get modified--

before the one get modify.

The other one will be modified instantaneously as well.

Because we've put the polarizer close enough to the detector

that even at the speed of light, the information

could not be transferred to the other one.

Yet the other one arrives at the detector with exactly

the same polarization.

This is called entanglement in physics.

Particles can be entangled.

They have to be in a certain state to be entangled.

And so we think that there is particles

in the universe that are entangled and particles

in the universe that are not.

Is that true?

How do we know that's true?

In fact, we don't.

In fact, we could think that we could

have a universe in which all particles are

entangled because they all came out of the same point

just like the two photons came out of the same carbon

particle.

And so that all particles that came out of the early universe

are entangled.

And we don't know because when we wiggle the little particle

on the end of my finger here, we don't know-- maybe there's

another particle somewhere else in the universe that's

feeling that tickle.

And it's laughing, but we don't know

because we don't have that side in our laboratory

to realize that when I tickle this one,

it's entangled with this one.

The whole thing could be entangled.

This appeared to me early on in my exploration of physics.

And it became clear that maybe some of the entanglement that's

occurring at the quantum level is the same dynamics that

is going on in black hole.

Entanglement at the quantum level may be the result

of wormholes that are developed in the structure of space,

connecting particles together.

However, wormholes are a consequence of Einstein field

equations, not of quantum theory.

These would be quantum size wormholes

that are at the Planck scale of the structure of space time.

This new understanding was developed by Leonard Susskind

and is described as ER equals EPR.

E stands for Einstein.

R and P are initials for collaborators Boris Podolsky

and Nathan Rosen.

So ER equals EPR suggests that the key to their connection

can be found in the spacetime tunnels known as wormholes

like subspace shortcuts physically

linking distant locations.

So ER equals EPR is a way of saying

wormholes is what produce entanglement

at the quantum level.

This new view is emerging as well from our equations now

where basically we're showing that we have embeddedness

of wormholes and black holes from universal size

to subatomic size.

So think of the black holes as being

the boundary that's created by all the Plancks spinning

into one region, and the wormholes, the vortices that

would be produced by the spin as it goes--

as it extends from the black hole structure.

ER equals EPR is basically thinking of it a little bit

differently but is as well very useful.

And it returns, and it has to do with this holographic solution

in the standard model that says that the entropy

or the temperature of the black hole

is the result of all the little Planck information

on the surface of the black hole.

When this hawking radiation happened

when the black hole absorbed one little Planck particle

fluctuation of the vacuum and emits one,

these particles despair of Planck particles

are entangled just like the two photons

that emerge from the carbon particle in our experiment.

And so imagine this.

One is falling into the black hole,

and the other one is entangled with it

but going away from the black hole.

And then imagine that particle gets

caught in the gravitational field of another black hole.

And now it spirals in and falls into the other black hole.

Now these two black holes are connected

through this wormhole that connected

the entanglement of these two particles,

a little teeny Planck sized wormhole

except there could be many, many of the particles

that fell into the black hole and many,

many that fell in other black holes

and so on and then go back in time.

And think of all this stuff coming out

of one black hole, one point.

And then you will see, you will visualize,

you will understand that all of these wormholes

would be like a spider web of information network

emanating and connecting all of the black holes,

all of the singularity, all of the particles in our universe.

So we live in a web of information exchange,

and this is really--

what our equations are showing is that when

the information is exchanged between the interior

of the singularity, the interior of the black hole,

no matter at what scale, its exchange with the hole

as well through the wormhole network.

And when the exchange happens between one particle

and the whole, the energy that it produce

is what we call mass.

And that is what we call our reality.

This network of information has been imaged

and is being discovered now.

Recently, we have seen that when we

look at very large structures in the universe,

they appear to be connected through these filaments that

connects very large like super clusters and cluster

structures in our universe.

And when we look at that from far as a whole,

it looks very similar to a neuron network in your brain.

This is all very interesting evidence

of scaling of this network across very large and very

small.

Imagine the network structure of all the wormholes

occurring at the Planck scale and then these network,

making larger network at the proton scale and then these

making larger network at the solar system scale

and at the galactic scale and so on so

that everything is connected to this invisible Planck structure

network of information, moving bits of information

across the universe so that when one bit falls into a black hole

here, it can come out somewhere else in the universe.

If this is true, then the concept

of evaporation of black holes disappear.

We are now no longer losing energy.

The energy is always recovered in the universe

as it exchange information across all nodes.

Imagine the internet as an analogy for the structure

of our universe where the hubs of the internet and the servers

of the network are the black holes and all the different

scales, and the connection of the networks are the wormholes

connecting all the hubs.

Think of it as a neural network of the universe.

Everything we observe in the universe in terms of the energy

of a system, in terms of the relationship of systems with

each other like the forces and all this is actually the result

of the information moving through the network.

If I isolate one particle because it doesn't

have much surface, not as much information

can move through the system.

The mass of that particle will be

smaller than the black hole in the universe

like the center of a galaxy in which a lot of information

can be exchanged across that hub.

Smaller hub, smaller server, less energy, larger server,

larger hub, more energy, and as we know,

energy is equivalent to mass.

So all of a sudden, we start to see this network structure

emerging that is from the universe

all the way to subatomic particle

in which we are embedded in somewhere in the middle.

And our existence is actually part of this flow.

So this network connects all these scales.

That means that a bit of information

that falls into one part of the network

can come out somewhere else in the network

and then fall in again and come out somewhere else.

And so that means that information

would have some large feedback relationship,

and we are starting to discover that.

We are starting to discover that light in our universe

curves back on itself and comes back on itself.

We-- and this is very, very recent,

so it's very exciting because I predicted

that that should be the case, especially

if we're living inside a black hole that is our universe.

So this information network feedback

feed forward structure is the entropy of our network.

That is-- and this happened just recently.

I got very excited about it.

We were writing equations in my laboratory.

We ran out of space on our board,

so we started writing on the windows.

And we were writing all of these equations on the windows,

and it became clear that we could express

the holographic mass solution which I had expressed

in a very geometric way from the theory

of entropy or statistical entropy

or straight from first principle of thermodynamics.

And what I mean by that is that we can actually back up

the equations that are more geometric equations,

the holographic math solution I proposed initially,

into equations that describe the temperature of systems

and their entropy, their energy level.

Think of it as each server on the network

is riding the information onto our hard drive and the energy

that it takes for it to do that and the temperature that's

created by the server that usually has fans

to take the temperature out.

It means that this whole structure

can be expressed fundamentally from first principle

from thermodynamics and entropy, that energy thermodynamics

entropy, mass, gravity, electromagnetism, and all

these things can be actually described from this one

understanding, this one set of information network

that connects everything in the universe

so that nothing is independently doing its thing.

It just appears that way because we observe something

and we think it's independent from the rest of the universe,

and we say it has this mass.

It has this energy.

It has this entropy.

It has this temperature, not knowing

that this mass, this entropy, this temperature, and all

this stuff is the result of this thing interacting

with the rest of their universe.

That is beautiful.

This is what the equations are showing,

and it is extremely precise.

It's showing this in a very, very strong way,

telling us at the very fundamental level of creation

that everything is connected through this incredible network

of information that is circulating

through our universe.

That has deep implications because it

means that anything you do it means

that anything that changes anywhere is influencing

everything else in the universe, that every action produces

a reaction everywhere in the universe.

And although-- however, it's important to understand

that they're a scale relationship.

So there is hierarchy in the influence of DNA formation

in the universe.

There is influences that are larger, for instance,

our sun has a huge influence on the solar system

and all the planets in it.

But our planets only makes less than 1% the mass of our sun,

so they have much less influence on our sun

than our sun has influence on the planets.

If the sun blows a sun flare in the direction of the Earth

and blows the atmosphere of the Earth away,

the Earth doesn't really have a recourse.

It cannot blow back at the sun and blow the atmosphere

of the sun away.

There is a relationship of temperatures, energy, mass,

entropy across the different scales.

However, every single scale is influencing

every single other scale as well, maybe in a minimum way

or in the maximum way, but the whole is connected.

And so everything that happens in the universe

is in some ways recorded by the structure

of the network of spacetime.

And that is profound.

It tells us that from any point in the network,

we can have access to the whole.

And it tells us that everything we measure in our world

is actually a function of that thing interacting

with everything else.

There is huge implication in terms

of technology and understanding of energy and temperature,

thermodynamics, and so on, but there's

implication as well in understanding

the possibility of systems self-organizing, systems

becoming aware, awareness, consciousness, all

this can most likely be extrapolated

from this new view.

And we will discuss this in further episodes.

What's important to extract from this episode

is that the universe is connected at the deepest level

through wormholes black hole interaction

and that it's connected at all scale, not just

linear connection at one scale but at all scales

and that we're part of this connected universe

and that whatever happens in the universe, whatever

we do influence the whole.

And that changes our sense of ourselves, of our universe,

and our relationship to it, and it

changes ourselves-- our sense of responsibility in the universe.

As well, it connects with some of the most advanced knowledge

that has come through the ages from masters

and ancient civilization that talked about our universe being

completely connected and talked about each point influencing

the whole.