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[Music]
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[Music]
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[Applause]
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[Music]
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behind
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an ancestral temple in mao ping jingang
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shan
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stands a building because of its
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octagonal skylight
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it's known as the octagonal building
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it was here almost a century ago under
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the flickering light of an
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oil lamp that mao zedong penned two
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seminal works
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why is it that red political power can
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exist in china
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and the struggle in the jingang
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mountains
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two brilliant articulations of the
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theory
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of the armed independent regime of
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workers and peasants
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that would illuminate the future course
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of the chinese revolution
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on february the 2nd 2016 general
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secretary of the cpc
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xi jinping presented flower baskets to
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the revolutionary mata
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cemetery in jingangshan
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[Music]
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you
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[Music]
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[Music]
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in july 1922 the cpc went back to
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shanghai for its second
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national congress the important
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practical decisions
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made at the meeting were shaped by the
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conclusion of the analysis of china's
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existing social
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political and economic conditions
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presented to congress
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that china remained a semi-feudal and
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semi-colonial country
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so while reaffirming its ultimate
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commitment to the realization of
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socialism
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and communism the party's immediate
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goals were to overthrow the warlords
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defeat international imperialism and
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unify china
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as a true democratic republic the
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congress
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also approved the first constitution of
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the communist party of china
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[Music]
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[Applause]
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[Music]
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[Applause]
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[Music]
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because of the nearby silk reeling
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plants during the 1920s
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chinja road and chengdu north road
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housed shanghai's
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largest concentration of industrial
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workers
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from the very beginning the cpc had
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emphasized the central role to be played
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by organized labour
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in the struggle so in august 1921 to
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coordinate its activities in this arena
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it had formed the china labor
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association office
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it was an initiative that soon bore
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fruit between january 1922
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when the hong kong seamen went on strike
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and february 1923
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when the beijing hanko railway workers
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down tools
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the chinese working class led by the
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party began to flex its muscles
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in autumn 1921 mao zedong
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li li san and lyo xiao qi spent a year
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in an yuen coal mine
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they had come to investigate the
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miserable living conditions
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endured by the workers there and to
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agitate for industrial action at the
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grassroots
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their mission was a success when the
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workers came out on strike
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they were supported by all sections of
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society
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the beijing hanco railway worker strike
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however ended much less happily
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brutally suppressed by the warlords it
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was an episode that culminated in the
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martyrdom
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of a number of early cpc members
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in the aftermath of this bloody disaster
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for a while
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activism in the national labour movement
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[Music]
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subsided
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for the young cpc it was a harsh lesson
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the party was still a long way from
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being strong enough
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to take on the forces of imperialism and
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feudalism
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to do that a broad united front would be
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necessary
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sunyat sen then premiere of the
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kwamintang
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saw the political potential of a cpc-led
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national labor movement
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recognizing the cpc as a vibrant
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revolutionary force
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he decided to cooperate with the party
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[Applause]
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these images show a group of cpc members
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participating
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in communist international conferences
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in moscow
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between the years 1922 and 1924.
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it was with the assistance of the common
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turn that the cbc began to establish a
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united front
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[Music]
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for its third national congress the cpc
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delegates headed south to guangzhou
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determined to find a way of cooperating
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with sunyat sen's
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this congress ruled that individual
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members of the cpc
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could also belong to the kmt but one
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thing was clear
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however close their partnership with the
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kmt
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the cpc would retain its political
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ideological
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and organizational independence
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in january 1924 sun yatsen
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chaired the kmt's first national
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congress
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also in guangzhou at this pivotal
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meeting
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the kuomintang adopted three
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revolutionary policies
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to side with soviet russia to unite its
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efforts with the cbc
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and to support the workers and peasants
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the first
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united front was now a reality
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[Music]
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in july 1926 the kmt's national
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revolutionary army
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began its northern expedition to break
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the power of the warlords
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it was a campaign in which cpc members
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like yet ting
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who led his independent regiment into wu
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chan
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and earned it the moniker of iron army
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played a conspicuous and exemplary role
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as the northern expedition was getting
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into full swing
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the peasant movements of hunan hubei and
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jiangxi
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were gathering momentum what to make of
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these peasant fighters
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were they little more than bandits who
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had been crushed
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as reactionary elements in the kmt and
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some
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cpc right opportunists maintained or
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were they potential revolutionary allies
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it was a question that urgently needed
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an answer
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so early in 1927 mao zedong went to
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hunan to see for himself
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the result of his 32-day field trip was
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his
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report on an investigation of the
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peasant movement in hunan
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the anti-peasant position mao reported
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was wrong
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the peasants had to be mobilized and
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transformed into a vanguard of
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revolution
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[Music]
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but there was another more immediate
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danger looming on the horizon for the
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revolution
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by this point chiang kai-shek had risen
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to power and
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aided and abetted by the imperialist
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powers was beginning to target
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communists
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just as the situation reached a critical
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juncture key
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cpc leaders compromised and conceded
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ground
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it turned to be a fatal mistake
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on april 12 1927 chang
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struck in the counter revolutionary coup
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that followed in shanghai
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many communists and revolutionaries were
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arrested and
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executed a bitterer blow came on july
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the 15th
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when wang jingwei a key figure of the
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kmt government
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formally broke with the cpc as cpc
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members were liquidated
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the first united front came to a bloody
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end
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the nationalist revolution of china
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[Music]
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failed
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lida zhao a founding father of the cpc
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was one of the many who lost their lives
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he was hanged by the warlord zhang tsua
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lin on april 28
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1927.
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while in prison awaiting execution lee
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remained defiant
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as a young student i began the fight for
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national liberation
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i've stuck to my beliefs time will tell
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[Music]
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equally brave and defined was chun yan
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yen
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then secretary of jiangsu provincial
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party committee
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staring death in the face at longhua
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execution ground shanghai
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he refused to kneel as ordered by the
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executioner
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literally standing his ground until the
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very
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last moment less than a year later
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his younger brother chun chun yen also a
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jiangsu provincial party committee
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member
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joined his brother in martyrdom dying
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bravely
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in shanghai aged a mere 26
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[Music]
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nor did this brutal campaign spare the
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cpc's female comrades
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with xiang jingyu for example bravely
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facing torture
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and execution in wuhan on the way to the
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execution ground
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it's said the executioner filled her
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mouth with stones
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and gagged her face with a belt
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in the aftermath of her death her
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husband sai her son
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wrote great jinyu heroic
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jin you you didn't die you'll never die
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you're not just my beloved
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you're the eternal beloved of the
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chinese proletariat
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[Applause]
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but even as this white terror spread
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across the country
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the cpc remained unbowed as mao zedong
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later remarked but the communist party
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of china
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and the chinese people were neither
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cowed nor conquered
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nor exterminated they picked themselves
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up
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wiped off the blood buried their fallen
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comrades
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and went into battle again
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in fact it was a time of trial that
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brought forth many true
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heroes despite the danger yejin yin
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her lung panda huay shuter lee and other
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resolute revolutionaries
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put caution to one side and joined the
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cpc
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the workers and peasants meanwhile
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regrouped
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and prepared to fight another day
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[Music]
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the fight back began in the small hours
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of august the 1st
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1927 that morning led by the cpc
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twenty thousand soldiers rose up the
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00:13:25,360 --> 00:13:28,320
first shots of
293
00:13:26,320 --> 00:13:30,240
armed resistance to the kmt
294
00:13:28,320 --> 00:13:34,800
reactionaries in nan chang
295
00:13:30,240 --> 00:13:37,760
had been fired the nan chang
296
00:13:34,800 --> 00:13:40,160
uprising born of the cpc's determination
297
00:13:37,760 --> 00:13:41,120
to resist the kmt's extermination
298
00:13:40,160 --> 00:13:43,279
campaign
299
00:13:41,120 --> 00:13:44,720
marked a significant turning point in
300
00:13:43,279 --> 00:13:46,880
cpc history
301
00:13:44,720 --> 00:13:48,320
the beginning of its independent
302
00:13:46,880 --> 00:13:49,680
military capability
303
00:13:48,320 --> 00:13:52,000
that would soon lead to the
304
00:13:49,680 --> 00:13:56,320
establishment of a people's army
305
00:13:52,000 --> 00:13:56,320
and the party's rise to national power
306
00:14:00,399 --> 00:14:03,600
six days after the nan chang uprising
307
00:14:02,800 --> 00:14:06,079
began
308
00:14:03,600 --> 00:14:08,079
the cpc central committee secretly
309
00:14:06,079 --> 00:14:11,120
convened in number 41
310
00:14:08,079 --> 00:14:13,680
san jiao street in hong kong this
311
00:14:11,120 --> 00:14:17,120
has gone down in history as the august
312
00:14:13,680 --> 00:14:19,680
7th meeting
313
00:14:17,120 --> 00:14:21,120
this emergency meeting confirmed the
314
00:14:19,680 --> 00:14:22,639
reasons for the failure of the
315
00:14:21,120 --> 00:14:24,480
nationalist revolution
316
00:14:22,639 --> 00:14:25,760
and determined the general policy of
317
00:14:24,480 --> 00:14:29,519
agrarian reform
318
00:14:25,760 --> 00:14:32,399
and armed resistance to the kmt as such
319
00:14:29,519 --> 00:14:33,279
it gave new hope and inspiration to a
320
00:14:32,399 --> 00:14:37,279
dispirited
321
00:14:33,279 --> 00:14:37,279
and disoriented cpc
322
00:14:39,680 --> 00:14:44,160
mao zedong was one party figure who laid
323
00:14:42,160 --> 00:14:46,240
particular stress on the need for
324
00:14:44,160 --> 00:14:48,800
continued military action
325
00:14:46,240 --> 00:14:51,080
political power he memorably observed
326
00:14:48,800 --> 00:14:54,240
grows out of the barrel of a gun
327
00:14:51,080 --> 00:14:56,160
[Music]
328
00:14:54,240 --> 00:14:57,279
it was in the wake of the august seventh
329
00:14:56,160 --> 00:15:00,800
meeting the chu
330
00:14:57,279 --> 00:15:02,959
chobai key cpc central committee member
331
00:15:00,800 --> 00:15:04,399
came up with the idea of sending mao to
332
00:15:02,959 --> 00:15:06,320
work in shanghai
333
00:15:04,399 --> 00:15:07,839
the young mao however felt that
334
00:15:06,320 --> 00:15:09,760
grassroots activism
335
00:15:07,839 --> 00:15:12,320
would serve the needs of the revolution
336
00:15:09,760 --> 00:15:14,000
better than working in the city so mao
337
00:15:12,320 --> 00:15:14,639
departed to the border area between
338
00:15:14,000 --> 00:15:17,279
hunan
339
00:15:14,639 --> 00:15:19,920
and jiangxi to lead the autumn harvest
340
00:15:17,279 --> 00:15:19,920
uprising
341
00:15:22,880 --> 00:15:26,560
before the uprising mao took his wife
342
00:15:25,360 --> 00:15:29,600
yang kaihuei
343
00:15:26,560 --> 00:15:30,399
back to her hometown bansang in hunan he
344
00:15:29,600 --> 00:15:31,310
would never
345
00:15:30,399 --> 00:15:33,060
see her again
346
00:15:31,310 --> 00:15:36,160
[Music]
347
00:15:33,060 --> 00:15:36,160
[Applause]
348
00:15:36,800 --> 00:15:42,480
in october 1930 yang was arrested and
349
00:15:39,839 --> 00:15:44,560
interrogated about mao's whereabouts
350
00:15:42,480 --> 00:15:45,279
when commanded to publicly renounce her
351
00:15:44,560 --> 00:15:48,160
marriage
352
00:15:45,279 --> 00:15:50,639
she resolutely refused death was
353
00:15:48,160 --> 00:15:55,839
preferable to betrayal of her husband
354
00:15:50,639 --> 00:15:55,839
and the revolutionary cause
355
00:16:01,839 --> 00:16:05,279
on november 14th she was executed
356
00:16:04,560 --> 00:16:08,399
outside
357
00:16:05,279 --> 00:16:11,730
lyoyang gate changsha young age
358
00:16:08,399 --> 00:16:14,879
just29 had paid the ultimate price
359
00:16:11,730 --> 00:16:14,879
[Music]
360
00:16:15,680 --> 00:16:21,600
on september 9th 1927 in response to the
361
00:16:19,199 --> 00:16:23,199
cpc hunan provincial committee's order
362
00:16:21,600 --> 00:16:27,360
to seize changsha
363
00:16:23,199 --> 00:16:29,839
the autumn harvest uprising began
364
00:16:27,360 --> 00:16:31,519
advancing in three columns the troops
365
00:16:29,839 --> 00:16:33,920
advanced on changsha
366
00:16:31,519 --> 00:16:34,880
but losses were high especially in ping
367
00:16:33,920 --> 00:16:38,320
jiang and
368
00:16:34,880 --> 00:16:42,160
lyoyang of the 5 000 who started
369
00:16:38,320 --> 00:16:44,639
only 1 500 survived the initial advance
370
00:16:42,160 --> 00:16:51,839
mao zedong broke off the attack and fell
371
00:16:44,639 --> 00:16:51,839
back into the mountains
372
00:16:53,040 --> 00:16:57,519
but far from being a defeat this
373
00:16:55,279 --> 00:17:00,830
withdrawal into countryside would prove
374
00:16:57,519 --> 00:17:02,839
a turning point for the chinese
375
00:17:00,830 --> 00:17:05,600
[Music]
376
00:17:02,839 --> 00:17:08,480
revolution
377
00:17:05,600 --> 00:17:09,199
mao's army stayed in san juan village
378
00:17:08,480 --> 00:17:12,559
jiangxi
379
00:17:09,199 --> 00:17:15,280
for five days during this time the army
380
00:17:12,559 --> 00:17:15,280
reorganized
381
00:17:15,919 --> 00:17:19,839
two reforms were of a special importance
382
00:17:18,720 --> 00:17:21,919
party branches
383
00:17:19,839 --> 00:17:23,839
at company level and rank and file
384
00:17:21,919 --> 00:17:25,600
committees to ensure democracy and
385
00:17:23,839 --> 00:17:27,280
political equality
386
00:17:25,600 --> 00:17:28,960
the firm establishment of party
387
00:17:27,280 --> 00:17:31,120
authority over the army
388
00:17:28,960 --> 00:17:32,880
marked an important step in the creation
389
00:17:31,120 --> 00:17:36,160
of a new people's army
390
00:17:32,880 --> 00:17:36,160
led by the proletariat
391
00:17:38,960 --> 00:17:42,160
with the army fully reorganized mao
392
00:17:41,360 --> 00:17:45,200
marched on
393
00:17:42,160 --> 00:17:48,240
sir ping town in jin gangshan area on
394
00:17:45,200 --> 00:17:50,160
october 27 1927
395
00:17:48,240 --> 00:17:51,840
aiming to establish strongholds in the
396
00:17:50,160 --> 00:17:54,080
mountains the struggle
397
00:17:51,840 --> 00:17:55,200
for the revolutionary base areas had
398
00:17:54,080 --> 00:17:56,880
begun
399
00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:58,880
in addition to the autumn harvest
400
00:17:56,880 --> 00:18:01,039
uprising more than 100
401
00:17:58,880 --> 00:18:02,720
armed uprisings took place during this
402
00:18:01,039 --> 00:18:05,600
period nanjang
403
00:18:02,720 --> 00:18:06,480
guangzhou the haifang lufong area
404
00:18:05,600 --> 00:18:09,200
huangmar
405
00:18:06,480 --> 00:18:11,760
southern hunan by sir all saw
406
00:18:09,200 --> 00:18:16,160
disturbances of some kind
407
00:18:11,760 --> 00:18:16,160
young cbc members joe wong young
408
00:18:20,320 --> 00:18:28,080
tai lei yun dai ying
409
00:18:24,640 --> 00:18:43,840
and pangpai all died bravely before
410
00:18:28,080 --> 00:18:43,840
they'd even bid their families farewell
411
00:18:55,250 --> 00:18:58,420
[Music]
412
00:19:02,240 --> 00:19:06,640
but costly though the uprisings were
413
00:19:04,720 --> 00:19:10,320
they sowed the seeds for future
414
00:19:06,640 --> 00:19:13,760
revolutionary success
415
00:19:10,320 --> 00:19:15,840
in april 1928 judea and janji
416
00:19:13,760 --> 00:19:17,919
led the remaining nan chang uprising
417
00:19:15,840 --> 00:19:19,039
troops and southern hunan uprising
418
00:19:17,919 --> 00:19:22,320
peasant forces
419
00:19:19,039 --> 00:19:24,960
to the jingan shang area by late april
420
00:19:22,320 --> 00:19:25,840
they joined forces with mao's troops in
421
00:19:24,960 --> 00:19:26,830
longshore
422
00:19:25,840 --> 00:19:27,200
ningang county
423
00:19:26,830 --> 00:19:30,380
[Music]
424
00:19:27,200 --> 00:19:30,380
[Applause]
425
00:19:33,120 --> 00:19:37,120
the successful link-up of jews and mao's
426
00:19:35,679 --> 00:19:39,280
forces created
427
00:19:37,120 --> 00:19:40,799
the fourth workers and peasants
428
00:19:39,280 --> 00:19:43,280
revolutionary army
429
00:19:40,799 --> 00:19:46,320
later to be known as the workers and
430
00:19:43,280 --> 00:19:46,320
peasants red army
431
00:19:48,400 --> 00:19:53,440
this red army soon proved its worth in
432
00:19:50,960 --> 00:19:55,760
battle smashing through the kmt's
433
00:19:53,440 --> 00:19:58,400
repeated attempts to encirclement
434
00:19:55,760 --> 00:19:59,520
and winning the battles of rue dojang
435
00:19:58,400 --> 00:20:02,720
lang yuenko
436
00:19:59,520 --> 00:20:02,720
and huangyang jai
437
00:20:10,310 --> 00:20:13,369
[Music]
438
00:20:21,620 --> 00:20:25,120
[Music]
439
00:20:23,200 --> 00:20:27,360
in the midst of the intense fighting
440
00:20:25,120 --> 00:20:30,720
political developments continued
441
00:20:27,360 --> 00:20:35,840
between april and may 1928 while mao
442
00:20:30,720 --> 00:20:35,840
and zhu struggled on injin gangshan
443
00:20:36,400 --> 00:20:39,600
and over 100 other representatives
444
00:20:38,880 --> 00:20:42,720
secretly
445
00:20:39,600 --> 00:20:45,280
left china they were bound for moscow
446
00:20:42,720 --> 00:20:46,559
host city of the sixth national congress
447
00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:49,600
of the cpc
448
00:20:46,559 --> 00:20:50,799
held in june and july that year the only
449
00:20:49,600 --> 00:20:53,760
cpc congress
450
00:20:50,799 --> 00:20:55,600
ever held outside china it was a
451
00:20:53,760 --> 00:20:57,600
congress that marked a shift in the
452
00:20:55,600 --> 00:20:58,559
emphasis of the party's revolutionary
453
00:20:57,600 --> 00:21:00,720
efforts
454
00:20:58,559 --> 00:21:02,000
from then on more attention would be
455
00:21:00,720 --> 00:21:04,720
paid to long-term
456
00:21:02,000 --> 00:21:08,000
efforts to win over the broad masses
457
00:21:04,720 --> 00:21:08,000
than to uprisings
458
00:21:09,200 --> 00:21:12,799
with this in mind towards the end of
459
00:21:11,320 --> 00:21:15,120
1928
460
00:21:12,799 --> 00:21:16,240
the jin gangshan revolutionary base
461
00:21:15,120 --> 00:21:19,600
promulgated the
462
00:21:16,240 --> 00:21:22,400
jingangshan landlord distributing land
463
00:21:19,600 --> 00:21:24,000
to all the poor peasants convinced that
464
00:21:22,400 --> 00:21:24,880
the red army was fighting for their
465
00:21:24,000 --> 00:21:26,720
interests
466
00:21:24,880 --> 00:21:31,350
more and more peasants committed
467
00:21:26,720 --> 00:21:32,880
themselves to the communist cause
468
00:21:31,350 --> 00:21:35,840
[Applause]
469
00:21:32,880 --> 00:21:37,760
however militarily the situation at the
470
00:21:35,840 --> 00:21:41,760
encircled jingang shan
471
00:21:37,760 --> 00:21:45,200
looked dire so on january the 14th 1929
472
00:21:41,760 --> 00:21:48,159
mao and zhu broke through the kmt lines
473
00:21:45,200 --> 00:21:50,640
and advanced towards southern gem xi
474
00:21:48,159 --> 00:21:53,280
partly pursued by kmt regiments
475
00:21:50,640 --> 00:21:55,039
and constantly harassed by reactionary
476
00:21:53,280 --> 00:21:57,520
militia groups
477
00:21:55,039 --> 00:21:58,480
as mao later noted in his report to the
478
00:21:57,520 --> 00:22:00,880
central committee
479
00:21:58,480 --> 00:22:03,039
the jin gung shun breakout was one of
480
00:22:00,880 --> 00:22:03,679
the most perilous undertakings ever
481
00:22:03,039 --> 00:22:06,720
attempted
482
00:22:03,679 --> 00:22:06,720
by the red army
483
00:22:07,600 --> 00:22:12,480
meanwhile problems soon became apparent
484
00:22:10,159 --> 00:22:14,159
among the soldiers as well as leadership
485
00:22:12,480 --> 00:22:16,799
of the fourth red army
486
00:22:14,159 --> 00:22:17,679
two unhealthy tendencies made themselves
487
00:22:16,799 --> 00:22:19,600
felt
488
00:22:17,679 --> 00:22:22,080
over emphasis on purely military
489
00:22:19,600 --> 00:22:23,120
concerns and a short-sighted tactical
490
00:22:22,080 --> 00:22:25,360
approach
491
00:22:23,120 --> 00:22:26,880
this caused a fierce debate about the
492
00:22:25,360 --> 00:22:28,720
fundamental principle
493
00:22:26,880 --> 00:22:41,840
upon which the red army and its
494
00:22:28,720 --> 00:22:41,840
relationship with the party was founded
495
00:22:49,679 --> 00:22:57,840
on december 28 1929 something unusual
496
00:22:54,080 --> 00:23:01,120
happened in gutien in subtropical fujian
497
00:22:57,840 --> 00:23:03,039
a heavy snowfall
498
00:23:01,120 --> 00:23:05,280
it was against this backdrop that the
499
00:23:03,039 --> 00:23:07,440
ninth party congress of the workers and
500
00:23:05,280 --> 00:23:09,760
peasants red army took place
501
00:23:07,440 --> 00:23:12,000
an event that would go down in history
502
00:23:09,760 --> 00:23:14,720
as the famous gutien congress
503
00:23:12,000 --> 00:23:15,120
that placed party and army building on a
504
00:23:14,720 --> 00:23:17,760
firm
505
00:23:15,120 --> 00:23:20,159
ideological footing and reaffirmed
506
00:23:17,760 --> 00:23:21,120
absolute party control over the people's
507
00:23:20,159 --> 00:23:23,679
army
508
00:23:21,120 --> 00:23:25,400
it was a milestone in the history of the
509
00:23:23,679 --> 00:23:29,959
party and its army
510
00:23:25,400 --> 00:23:29,959
[Music]
511
00:23:33,120 --> 00:23:38,880
it was soon after the gutien congress
512
00:23:35,679 --> 00:23:40,960
that mao wrote to lin biao
513
00:23:38,880 --> 00:23:42,640
addressing the spirit of pessimism that
514
00:23:40,960 --> 00:23:45,520
had led some to ask
515
00:23:42,640 --> 00:23:46,320
how long will the red flag be flying mao
516
00:23:45,520 --> 00:23:49,279
wrote
517
00:23:46,320 --> 00:23:50,480
an old chinese saying applies here a
518
00:23:49,279 --> 00:24:03,960
single spark
519
00:23:50,480 --> 00:24:06,640
can start a prairie fire
520
00:24:03,960 --> 00:24:08,720
[Music]
521
00:24:06,640 --> 00:24:10,880
by the end of the letter his language
522
00:24:08,720 --> 00:24:12,240
would become even more evocative
523
00:24:10,880 --> 00:24:14,320
pertaining to the future of the
524
00:24:12,240 --> 00:24:17,200
revolution he wrote
525
00:24:14,320 --> 00:24:19,520
it is like a ship far out at sea whose
526
00:24:17,200 --> 00:24:20,400
masthead can already be seen above the
527
00:24:19,520 --> 00:24:22,880
shore
528
00:24:20,400 --> 00:24:24,159
it is like the morning sun in the east
529
00:24:22,880 --> 00:24:26,960
whose shimmering rays
530
00:24:24,159 --> 00:24:29,120
are visible from a high mountain top it
531
00:24:26,960 --> 00:24:33,840
is like a child about to be born
532
00:24:29,120 --> 00:24:33,840
moving restlessly in its mother's womb
533
00:24:34,850 --> 00:24:46,799
[Applause]
534
00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:49,840
[Music]
535
00:24:46,799 --> 00:24:52,720
beginning in october 1930 the kmt
536
00:24:49,840 --> 00:24:54,480
army launched large-scale encirclement
537
00:24:52,720 --> 00:24:57,120
and eradication operations
538
00:24:54,480 --> 00:24:59,440
against the central revolutionary base
539
00:24:57,120 --> 00:25:01,840
but after beating back three offensives
540
00:24:59,440 --> 00:25:03,520
the red army consolidated its position
541
00:25:01,840 --> 00:25:06,880
by connecting up the bases
542
00:25:03,520 --> 00:25:09,600
in southern jiangxi and western fujian
543
00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:10,960
the result was a huge unified central
544
00:25:09,600 --> 00:25:14,159
revolutionary base
545
00:25:10,960 --> 00:25:16,559
covering 20 counties likewise
546
00:25:14,159 --> 00:25:17,360
consolidated base areas with a total
547
00:25:16,559 --> 00:25:20,480
population
548
00:25:17,360 --> 00:25:20,960
of millions existed in hubei banan and
549
00:25:20,480 --> 00:25:24,000
hui
550
00:25:20,960 --> 00:25:26,960
and western hunan and hubei together
551
00:25:24,000 --> 00:25:28,960
these base areas burned like red flames
552
00:25:26,960 --> 00:25:32,159
in the very heart of kmt
553
00:25:28,960 --> 00:25:35,600
rule spreading south and north growing
554
00:25:32,159 --> 00:25:35,600
in strength and power
555
00:25:37,200 --> 00:25:42,240
in november 1931 a provisional central
556
00:25:40,320 --> 00:25:43,039
government for the chinese soviet
557
00:25:42,240 --> 00:25:46,480
republic
558
00:25:43,039 --> 00:25:48,559
was established in rajin jiangxi this
559
00:25:46,480 --> 00:25:50,240
was the first national workers and
560
00:25:48,559 --> 00:25:53,360
peasants democratic government
561
00:25:50,240 --> 00:25:56,000
in chinese history provided the cpc with
562
00:25:53,360 --> 00:25:57,600
its first experience of governance it
563
00:25:56,000 --> 00:26:00,159
was a move that strengthened the
564
00:25:57,600 --> 00:26:02,480
development of the revolutionary bases
565
00:26:00,159 --> 00:26:03,679
enhanced the influence of the party and
566
00:26:02,480 --> 00:26:06,159
the red regime
567
00:26:03,679 --> 00:26:08,960
and created a new theater for the
568
00:26:06,159 --> 00:26:10,880
agrarian revolutionary war
569
00:26:08,960 --> 00:26:13,440
at a critical moment for the revolution
570
00:26:10,880 --> 00:26:16,000
therefore the chinese communists
571
00:26:13,440 --> 00:26:16,640
represented by mao zedong were able to
572
00:26:16,000 --> 00:26:19,440
apply
573
00:26:16,640 --> 00:26:21,440
the universal truths of marxism to the
574
00:26:19,440 --> 00:26:22,880
concrete practical needs of the chinese
575
00:26:21,440 --> 00:26:25,679
revolution
576
00:26:22,880 --> 00:26:28,480
it was this synthesis that enabled mao
577
00:26:25,679 --> 00:26:31,279
to discover a revolutionary road
578
00:26:28,480 --> 00:26:33,520
encircle the cities from the rural areas
579
00:26:31,279 --> 00:26:37,200
then seize nationwide power
580
00:26:33,520 --> 00:26:38,000
with armed force the spirit of jin
581
00:26:37,200 --> 00:26:40,720
gangshan
582
00:26:38,000 --> 00:26:42,960
and that of the soviet area formed
583
00:26:40,720 --> 00:26:45,919
during the exploration of this road
584
00:26:42,960 --> 00:26:47,440
are timeless carrying as they do the
585
00:26:45,919 --> 00:26:50,720
original aspirations
586
00:26:47,440 --> 00:26:53,919
and missions of the cpc they continue
587
00:26:50,720 --> 00:26:54,559
to foster the cpc's great revolutionary
588
00:26:53,919 --> 00:27:07,840
spirit
589
00:26:54,559 --> 00:27:07,840
to this very day
590
00:27:15,600 --> 00:27:19,499
[Music]
591
00:27:16,140 --> 00:27:19,499
[Applause]
592
00:27:23,940 --> 00:27:30,789
[Music]
593
00:27:32,840 --> 00:27:35,840
sometimes
594
00:27:46,840 --> 00:27:49,840
food
595
00:27:52,630 --> 00:27:58,529
[Music]
596
00:28:01,200 --> 00:28:05,140
[Music]
597
00:28:14,840 --> 00:28:17,840
season
598
00:28:18,790 --> 00:28:22,099
[Music]
599
00:28:32,730 --> 00:28:35,839
[Music]
600
00:28:50,830 --> 00:28:54,260
[Music]
601
00:28:56,840 --> 00:28:59,840
foreign
602
00:29:00,800 --> 00:29:03,950
[Applause]
603
00:29:24,840 --> 00:29:41,840
yeah foreign
604
00:29:50,910 --> 00:29:55,840
[Music]
605
00:29:52,840 --> 00:29:55,840
foreign
606
00:29:58,510 --> 00:30:01,710
[Music]
39844
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