All language subtitles for 07_07_character_rig_controller_bones

- [Zach] In this video, let's
add the controller bones

to our cubic worlds character rig

and let's set the dependencies

of the different bones to each other.

So, first of all, it's a bit
messy with all the names here,

so let's disable the names

and let's enable the axis to see the

different local axis of these bones here

and with a position slider
you can also shift them around

if you rather have them here at the center

or at the tip, but I
just leave this at zero.

So, and you can see some of
these axis are pretty straight

here on the belly and chest and so on.

But here on the arms, it's
rotated pretty weirdly.

Let's press N and as you maybe remember,

we can set up the roll here
for each of these bones.

And now the question,
why is the roll important

or the rotation of these bones.

Well, it is important later
on for the rigging process

and when setting up the roll

or the orientation of the bones,

we have to define what should
be the main rotation axis.

When for example, bending our bones here.

You can see Y is always pointing

in the direction of the bone,

so the Y rotation is
actually the roll rotation.

However, we also have X and Z

and we have to define if
we would rather use X or Z

for the main rotation.

And in the end, it's totally up to you,

but most commonly X is
used for this purpose.

So that means, for example,
over here, let's press T

and enable the box select
tool so that we don't have

the move tool

gives more on top of the bones,
so it's not too confusing.

And all we need to do right now,

is for example to change the roll,

so that X is pointing
directly to the side.

So that later on in pause mode,

I can use X for this specific rotation.

And now you can see that here for example,

X is now pointing in two
different directions.

And if I would use the
Individual Origins, pivot point

and the local transform orientation,

now press R for rotation, X
for the X axis and rotate this,

you can see that something
weird is happening.

And also when later on, we
have this mirror function

that everything on the other side

will move the same as we
are moving it on one side

and then the general
orientation has to be the same

on both sides in order to make this work.

So, and this is why the
orientation of the bones

is important.

Let's go back to edit mode.

And of course we could
now go through this here

and align all the bones manually.

However, we can also,
recalculate these bones.

So let's start with these ones here

and here they are basically correct.

The X axis is pointing
in the right direction

and in general, where the Z axis

then points to the front or to the back

is not really that important.

However, if you wanna
have it visually clean,

let's make the Z axis also
point in a certain direction.

So, and in this case, I think I want

the Z axis to point into
the other direction.

So let's grab all these
bones and then press Shift N

to open up the recalculate roll menu,

which you can also find
up here under bone roll,

recalculate roll.

And to be honest,

I couldn't find an exact explanation

on what each of these options is doing.

Of course, they are changing the roll

depending on the global
+ X axis and Y axis

but I can't really explain
which axis of the bone

will then point in a certain direction.

So all we have to do is press Shift N

and then click through these
here to see which one fits.

And you can see for me,
global + Y does the job.

X is now pointing left and right,

and Z is pointing to the back.

Here, let's have a look from the top.

Actually the X axis should
point like to the top here

so that we can do the
specific bending of the arm,

meaning this bending
here in this direction.

So here, that means X
should point upwards.

So let's again, go through
here until we have what we like

again + Y global does the job.

X is now pointing upwards and
Z to the back, same over here.

And for the hand, the hand
is if I go to pose mode

rotating in this direction,

so X should point in this direction here.

So let's go to Edit mode, Shift N

and in this case, you can see
Global + C is doing the job.

Then over here, let's have a look,

again, Global + C should do the job here.

And in this case, if
I look from the front,

it's actually perfectly aligned

because the thumb should
rotate like this here

when I use the local x-axis.

So that is correct.

If you look at your hands,

this is basically what the thumb is doing.

Then here, this looks pretty perfect.

Z direction is pointing
to the back, X in this.

This one here, we need to
adjust in edit mode of course

and I think here, we just have
to set the roll back to zero

and down here let's do it
same as for the hand, Shift N,

Global + Z axis is doing the job here.

So now the orientation
of the bones is correct.

And now let's add the controller bones.

First of all, let's hit Shift C

that the 3D cursor is
back here at the center.

Let's press Shift A, to add a new bone,

move it down here.

And with a 3D cursor still down here,

let's change the pivot point to 3D cursor.

And then if I press R, I can
rotate this bone 90 degrees,

maybe make it a bit longer

and then recalculate the roll
so that Z is pointing upwards

and X is pointing in this direction.

This one let's call Rig Male Root

and this is the root bone,

which later on controls
all the other bones.

That means if later on, I
move this in pause mode,

all the other bones will
move along with this bone.

Then the next thing we need

in order to better
control the hip movement,

let's pick the tip of this hip bone,

press E to extrude, lock this
along Z and move it down.

Why you will learn a bit later,

however, this bone here is still connected

with the lower bone here.

And this one you can
call, however you like,

like rig male hips, in
this case, upper body,

because with this bone,
we control the upper body.

Then we need two bones for the head.

Let's hit Shift D, duplicate this,

place at somewhere here,

set transform pivot point back to median

and scale this down quite a bit

and place it somewhere
here in front of the eyes,

Shift D move it down

and place this somewhere
in front of the mouth.

So it don't has to align perfectly here.

Let's rename this into rig male eyes

and this rig male mouth.

Then we need to control
the bones for the hands

and the feet.

That means let's grab this one here.

Shift D duplicate this, right-click

let's snap it back and to not get confused

because now two bones are lying exactly

on top of each other,

let's hit Shift H to
hide everything except

the selected bone and
make this a bit longer

along the X axis here.

And let's call this hand_IK_L.

IK stands for inverse kinematics,

and we will learn more
about this in another video.

So just rename it into IK for now,

then let's press alt H and
do the same thing down here

for the feet Shift D,
right-click, Shift H,

make it a bit longer
along the Y axis here.

And let's call this foot_IK_L

Alt H, and now you can see,

since we scaled these bones a bit bigger,

we can clearly distinguish
between these two bones here.

Then we need a bone to control the elbows

and the knees for that,
let's select this joint here.

Shift S cursor to select it,

Shift A let's add a new bone here,

make this a bit smaller and move it

a little bit to the back.

Not too far, something like this.

And let's do the same thing down here.

Shift S cursor to selected,

Shift A, make this a bit
smaller, something like this.

And in this case, move this to the front.

So these bones should always

be perfectly aligned with the elbows

and be placed in the
direction where the elbow

should bend to.

And these will be the target
bones for the elbows later on,

so that we can fine control
the arms and the legs.

So then let's rename this,
this one here should be

rig_male_elbow_L, and
this one, rig_male_knee_L.

So, and then I think we have
all the controller bones.

Let's re enable the names
and let's have a quick look.

Yeah. Everything is re-named correctly.

That's nice. And since we
duplicated these bones,

the orientation should be right.

The only thing which is
wrong is this bone here.

Let's hit Shift N and,

check the different axis, yeah.

Something like this.

X is now pointing in this
direction and Z in this direction.

And the other ones here,
let's flip them around.

So that Z is pointing
in the other direction.

And same over here. Yeah.

So now all the controller
bones are in place.

The first thing we do now,

let's go to the bone settings
and let's go through them

and disable the deform option here,

because these bones should
not deform the mesh later on.

So the IK bones and knee and elbow.

The root bone here.

And by the way, you can also select

multiple bones with shift.

And these two here, then before
you click on this checkbox,

hold on, Alt and click on this.

Then this will be disabled
for all the selected bones.

So and I just realized one thing,

these two here should
have the opposite name.

So this one should be called just hips,

because this one will just move the hips

and this one should be
called hips upper body.

So then it is correct.

And also for that deformation,

this one should deform the mesh,

and this one shouldn't deform the mesh.

So basically I just
flipped the deformations

and the naming of these two bones here.

Sorry for the confusion.

So when I now switch over to pause mode

and start moving these
bones around, you can see,

I can move the arm separately, the elbows,

and nothing really is correctly
connected to each other.

And that's why we have to now define

the relations of the
different objects here.

So, let's think about
this logically of course.

When we move this chest bone,

the arms should move along with it.

So I select the upper arm,

then the chest with shift
and then press Control P

and click on, make parent
keep offset, not connected

because I wanna leave
the arm in this position,

but it should move along with
these in pause mode here.

Then these two here,

they are automatically
connected to the next,

since I duplicated the head bone,

but I want these to
move along with the head

instead of the neck.

So let's select these two then with shift,

this one here,

press Control P and click on, keep offset.

Now in pause mode, as you can see,

they are moving along with
the head, which is nice.

Then as next we have the hips down here.

And if I move them,

you can see the legs are
standing where they are.

So let's connect them in this case

with the smaller bone up here,
which is called just hips.

Well, it should be called
hips, not hips_001.

Yeah. So let's select this one first.

Then this hips bone, Control
P and click on keep offset.

That means if I now move this bone here,

the legs will move along with it.

Then we have these two
IK controller bones,

which are usually parented
to this root bone here.

However, we will do the parenting

a bit differently later on
in the constraint section

when we are adding the constraints.

So that means in this case,

we are just clearing the
parent of these two bones.

So select these two and press alt P

and click on clear parent.

Then later on to be able
to move the rig around.

And that the rig is
following the root bone here,

let's parent the hips to this bone here,

Control P, keep offset.

So the hips will move along
with this, as you can see,

and besides the two IK bones,

which we will take care of later,

we still have the knee and the elbow.

So the knee is connected
with IK bone here.

So let's select this
one, then the IK bone,

Control P, keep offset

and the elbow is connected
with the hip upper body bone,

control P and keep offset.

So that means if I move this one here,

you can see that the elbow
is moving along with it.

And down here, if I move the IK bone,

this will move along with it.

And of course, now you
probably don't understand

what all of this means,

but the more we go through the
creation process of the rig,

you will see why I did all
these connections here.

So now we added the deformed bones.

We added the controller bones.

We adjusted the roll,

everything for one half of the character.

And in the next video,

let's set up the constraints
to make the arms, legs and hips

move easily around.

And of course, don't forget to save.